Automatic assembly and welding equipment for rear axle housing

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of automatic assembly welding equipment of rear axle housing, belong to rear axle housing welding technical field.It includes datum positioning assembly and two sides symmetrical lateral positioning assembly;Datum positioning assembly includes rotationally mounted on base plate drive shaft, drive shaft is sequentially installed through friction disc assembly transmission lower transmission disc, driving disc and upper transmission disc;Lower transmission disc is used to drive jaw assembly, and upper transmission disc is used to drive two symmetrical transmission heads;Lateral positioning assembly is fixed on the top of push car tight sleeve, and the top of push car tight sleeve axial rotation installs screw, and screw is installed with clamping block and wedge-shaped claw, when the top of push car tight sleeve is on lateral positioning assembly, one end of screw is connected with transmission head.This application is connected with datum positioning assembly and lateral positioning assembly by friction disc assembly cross-link transmission, self-adapting compensation stroke difference under different working conditions, complete the action matching of jaw and wedge-shaped claw, effectively eliminate the positioning deviation caused by different step, guarantee the overall positioning accuracy of rear axle housing assembly welding.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rear axle housing welding technology, and more specifically to an automatic rear axle housing assembly welding device. Background Technology

[0002] The rear axle housing generally includes the central axle housing and the axle tubes on both sides. During welding, the three parts need to be rigidly positioned and clamped.

[0003] Positioning fixtures generally consist of two parts: a reference positioning component in the middle for positioning the bridge package, and lateral positioning components on both sides for clamping the bridge tube. Sometimes, the two lateral positioning components are positioned using a single long mandrel to improve accuracy. The existing positioning methods all have a drawback: the central reference positioning component and the lateral positioning components on both sides are relatively independent. They are controlled separately during operation, resulting in poor synchronization and affecting positioning accuracy. In particular, when processing different models of rear axle housings, it is difficult to achieve synchronization between the two by adjusting the control system. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical shortcomings, this invention provides an automatic rear axle housing welding device. This invention connects the reference positioning component and the lateral positioning component through cross-linked friction transmission, achieving adaptive synchronous transmission between the two and improving positioning synchronization at low cost.

[0005] This invention adopts the following technical solution: an automatic rear axle housing welding device, comprising: The reference positioning component is installed in the middle of the worktable; Two lateral positioning components are symmetrically mounted on the worktables on both sides of the reference positioning component; The reference positioning component includes: A base plate is fixed on a worktable; multiple evenly distributed claw assemblies for positioning the bridge package are slidably mounted on the base plate. A drive shaft is rotatably mounted on the axis of the base plate; a drive disc is fixedly mounted on the drive shaft. The lower drive disc is rotatably mounted on the drive shaft; the upper side of the lower drive disc is connected to the drive disc via a friction disc assembly, and the lower side of the lower drive disc is connected to the chuck assembly. The upper transmission disc is rotatably mounted on the drive shaft; the lower side of the upper transmission disc is connected to the drive disc via the friction disc assembly, and the upper side of the upper rotating disc is connected to two symmetrically arranged transmission heads. The lateral positioning component includes: The pusher is slidably mounted on the worktable; A clamping sleeve is fixed on the pusher vehicle; the clamping sleeve is used to pass through the bridge tube and press against the lateral positioning assembly, and an axial sliding groove is provided on the clamping sleeve; The lead screw is rotatably mounted on the clamping sleeve; The clamping block is threadedly connected to the lead screw; the top block has a wedge-shaped claw that slides through the axial groove for pressing against the end of the bridge tube. When the clamping sleeve is pressed against the lateral positioning assembly, one end of the lead screw is connected to the transmission head.

[0006] Furthermore, the substrate has multiple evenly distributed radial grooves on its upper side surface; The claw assembly includes a slide bar slidably installed in a radial groove, with a claw detachably fixed to the outer end of the slide bar; the upper side of the slide bar is connected to the lower side of the lower transmission disk by a planar thread.

[0007] The friction disk assembly includes: The inner sleeve is fixed to the circumferential surface of the drive disc; The upper sleeve is located outside the inner sleeve and is fixedly connected to the lower side of the upper transmission disc; The lower sleeve is located outside the inner sleeve and is fixedly connected to the upper side of the lower transmission disc; The upper sleeve, lower sleeve, and inner sleeve are all connected by a friction disc drive.

[0008] A housing is fixed on the substrate; A drive shaft is rotatably mounted at the top of the housing, and a drive head is fixedly mounted at each end of the drive shaft; a driven gear is integrally formed on the drive head, and a gear ring that meshes with the driven gear is fixed on the upper side of the upper drive disc.

[0009] The outer casing has a mounting hole at a position opposite to the transmission head, and a guide sleeve for positioning the top clamping sleeve is fixed at the mounting hole.

[0010] The end of the top-tightening sleeve near the reference positioning component is fixed with a tapered cylinder, and the end of the tapered cylinder near the reference positioning component has a positioning stop that cooperates with the guide sleeve. The two ends of the clamping sleeve are fixed with bearings for rotating and supporting the lead screw.

[0011] A counterweight bracket is fixed to the end of the pusher vehicle away from the top tightening sleeve.

[0012] The workbench is fixed with a slide rail and a transmission rack that cooperate with the pusher; the pusher is equipped with a drive device that is connected to the transmission rack.

[0013] A ring-shaped block for supporting the bridge package is detachably fixed on the worktable.

[0014] The workbench is detachably fixed with a V-shaped block for supporting the bridge tube.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The friction disc assembly links the transmission reference positioning component and the lateral positioning component, which are driven by the same stepper motor. The friction disc slippage characteristic is used to adaptively compensate for the stroke difference under different working conditions. The action matching of the chuck and wedge jaw can be automatically completed during the first clamping. Subsequent workpieces of the same model can be clamped synchronously, effectively eliminating the positioning deviation caused by asynchrony and ensuring the overall positioning accuracy of the rear axle housing assembly welding. The pure mechanical friction transmission structure achieves linkage and self-adaptation, eliminating the need for complex electronic control synchronization systems and sensor adjustment modules, simplifying the overall structure of the equipment and significantly reducing the cost of equipment manufacturing, procurement, and subsequent maintenance. The mechanical transmission method is highly stable and less prone to electronic control failures, making it suitable for continuous welding operations in workshops and effectively improving the overall production efficiency of rear axle housing welding. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of an automatic rear axle housing welding device according to the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a top view of an automatic rear axle housing welding device according to the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of point F in the middle.

[0020] Figure 5 for Figure 3 EE section view.

[0021] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Enlarged view of point B in the middle.

[0022] Figure 7 for Figure 5 Enlarged view of point C in the middle.

[0023] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Enlarged view of point D in the middle.

[0024] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Reference positioning component; 11. Substrate; 111. Outer casing; 12. Drive shaft; 13. Drive disk; 14. Lower transmission disc; 15. Friction disc assembly; 151. Inner sleeve; 152. Upper sleeve; 153. Lower sleeve; 154. Friction disc; 16. Upper transmission disc; 161. Gear ring; 17. Transmission head; 171. Driven gear; 172. Transmission shaft; 18. Claw assembly; 181. Slide bar; 182. Claw; 19. Guide sleeve; 2. Workbench; 21. Slide rail; 22. Transmission rack; 23. Ring-shaped block; 24. V-shaped block; 3. Lateral positioning components; 31. Push vehicle; 311. Counterweight support; 32. Tightening sleeve; 321. Conical cylinder; 33. Lead screw; 34. Clamp block; 341. Wedge-shaped claw; 4. Bridge package; 5. Bridge pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Terms such as "opening", "upper", "lower", "thickness", "top", "middle", "length", "inner", and "around" indicate orientation or positional relationship only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the components or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation.

[0026] Example 1: like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the present invention provides an automatic rear axle housing welding device for synchronously clamping and positioning the axle housing 4 and axle tube 5 to be welded; it mainly includes a reference positioning component 1 installed in the middle of the workbench 2, and lateral positioning components 3 symmetrically arranged on both sides along the reference positioning component 1.

[0027] Combined Figure 7 , Figure 8 As shown, the reference positioning assembly 1 includes a base plate 11, on which a cylindrical outer shell 111 is fixed. The base plate 11, the outer shell 111, and the stepper motor are fixed together to the worktable 2. A drive shaft 12 is rotatably mounted on the axis of the base plate 11 via bearings, and the lower end of the drive shaft 12 is connected to the stepper motor. On the drive shaft 12, an upper transmission disk 16, a drive disk 13, and a lower transmission disk 14 are sequentially mounted from top to bottom.

[0028] The lower transmission disk 14 is rotatably mounted on the drive shaft 12 via bearings. The lower transmission disk 14 drives the claw assembly 18 on the base plate 11. Three evenly distributed radial grooves are formed on the upper side of the base plate 11. The claw assembly 18 includes a slide bar 181 slidably mounted in the radial groove. The upper side of the slide bar 181 is connected to the lower side of the lower transmission disk 14 via a planar thread. Rotation of the lower transmission disk 14 synchronously drives the three slide bars 181 to open and close. A slot is formed at the outer end of the slide bar 181, and the claws 182 are engaged in the slot and fixedly connected to the slide bar 181 with bolts. Appropriate claws 182 can be replaced for different bridge packs 4. When the three slide bars 181 move outwards driven by the lower transmission disk 14, the three claws 182 cooperate to engage with the lower opening of the bridge pack 4, achieving positioning of the bridge pack 4.

[0029] The upper transmission disk 16 is rotatably mounted on the drive shaft 12 via bearings. The upper transmission disk 16 is used to drive the two transmission heads 17 on the upper side, and the transmission heads 17 are used to synchronously drive the lateral positioning components 3 on both sides. Two drive heads 17 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the upper drive plate 16, and are fixedly connected by a drive shaft 172. The drive shaft 172 is fixed to the top plate of the housing 111 by two pairs of bearings and supports. A driven gear 171 is integrally formed on the drive head 17, and a gear ring 161 is fixed on the upper side of the upper drive plate 16. The gear ring 161 meshes with the driven gear 171. A polygonal countersunk groove is formed at the outer end of the drive head 17 for engaging the lateral positioning assembly 3. When the upper drive plate 16 rotates, it synchronously drives the two drive heads 17 on the upper side, which in turn synchronously drive the lateral positioning assemblies 3 on both sides.

[0030] The drive disk 13 drives the upper transmission disk 16 and the lower transmission disk 14 on the upper and lower sides through the friction disk assembly 15. The shaft of the drive disk 13 is connected to the drive shaft 12 by a key. The friction disk assembly 15 includes an inner sleeve 151 integrally formed on the circumference of the drive disk 13. An upper sleeve 152 and a lower sleeve 153 are fitted on the outer side of the inner sleeve 151. The upper sleeve 152 and the lower sleeve 153 are respectively fixed to the lower side of the upper transmission disk 16 and the upper side of the lower transmission disk 14 by bolts. The upper sleeve 152 and the lower sleeve 153 are respectively frictionally connected to the inner sleeve 151 through multiple sets of friction disks 154. The drive disc 13 drives the upper sleeve 152 and the lower sleeve 153 simultaneously through the friction disc 154, thereby driving the upper transmission disc 16 and the lower transmission disc 14. Furthermore, by utilizing the slippage principle of the friction disc 154, when one of the upper transmission disc 16 or the lower transmission disc 14 cannot rotate, the drive disc 13 can forcibly rotate to drive the other, continuing to drive the transmission head 17 or the chuck assembly 18.

[0031] Combination Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the drive head 17 is used to drive the lateral positioning assembly 3; The lateral positioning assembly 3 includes a pusher 31 slidably mounted on the worktable 2. A clamping sleeve 32 is fixed on the pusher 31. A tapered cylinder 321 is fixed to one end of the clamping sleeve 32 near the reference positioning assembly 1. The end of the tapered cylinder 321 near the reference positioning assembly 1 is the inner end, which has a small diameter. The pushers 31 on both sides are used to control the movement of the clamping sleeves 32 towards or away from the reference positioning assembly 1. The clamping sleeves 32 on both sides are coaxial and pass through the axis of the reference positioning assembly 1. A lead screw 33 is rotatably mounted on the axis of the clamping sleeve 32 and the tapered cylinder 321. Bearings for rotating and supporting the lead screw 33 are fixed at both ends of the clamping sleeve 32. Three evenly distributed axial grooves are opened on the circumferential surface of the end of the clamping sleeve 32 away from the reference positioning assembly 1. A clamping block 34 threadedly connected to the lead screw 33 is provided at the position of the axial groove. The clamping block 34 is cylindrical, and three evenly distributed wedge-shaped claws 341 are fixed to its circumference by slots and bolts. The wedge-shaped claws 341 slide through axial grooves, and the wedge-shaped surfaces on the wedge-shaped claws 341 are used to abut against the end of the bridge tube 5. By rotating the lead screw 33, the clamping block 34 and the wedge-shaped claws 341 can be controlled to move along the clamping sleeve 32, thereby tightening or loosening the bridge tube 5.

[0032] Combined Figure 7 As shown, the transmission head 17 and the inner end of the lead screw 33 are docked and separated under the control of the pusher 31; A mounting hole is provided on the outer casing 111 at a position opposite to the transmission head 17. The diameter of the mounting hole is larger than the diameter of the transmission head 17 to facilitate the installation of the transmission head 17. In addition, a guide sleeve 19 is fixed at the mounting hole, and the guide sleeve 19 has an inner stop. The inner end of the conical cylinder 321 has an outer stop that mates with the guide sleeve 19. When the pusher 31 controls the conical cylinder 321 to move toward the guide sleeve 19, the inner end of the conical cylinder 321 engages with the inner stop of the guide sleeve 19, ensuring that the lead screw 33 in the middle is opposite to the transmission head 17. After the conical cylinder 321 and the guide sleeve 19 are properly engaged, the inner end of the lead screw 33 contacts the transmission head 17. The inner end of the lead screw 33 engages with the polygonal countersunk groove at the outer end of the transmission head 17. The transmission head 17 drives the lead screw 33 to rotate, thereby controlling the position of the clamping block 34 and the wedge-shaped claw 341 at the outer end.

[0033] Example 2: Based on the above embodiment one, combined with Figures 1 to 4As shown, a pair of slide rails 21 and a transmission rack 22 are fixed on the worktables 2 on both sides of the reference positioning component 1, with the transmission rack 22 located between the two slide rails 21. A pusher 31 is slidably mounted on the two slide rails 21. A drive device is installed on the pusher 31, and the output end of the drive device has a drive gear that meshes with the transmission rack 22. The drive device controls the movement of the pusher 31 along the slide rails 21, thereby controlling the position of the clamping sleeve 32. A counterweight bracket 311 is fixed to the end of the pusher 31 away from the clamping sleeve 32. A counterweight can be set on the counterweight bracket 311 to balance the weight of the extended clamping sleeve 32 and improve the stability of the pusher 31.

[0034] Example 3: Based on the above-described embodiment two, combined with Figures 1 to 6 As shown, an annular block 23 located outside the reference positioning assembly 1 is detachably fixed on the worktable 2; the annular block 23 is used to support the bridge package 4 and position the height of the bridge package 4. Two V-shaped blocks 24 are supported under the bridge tube 5 on each side, and the V-shaped blocks 24 are detachably fixed on the worktable 2 and used to position the height of the bridge tube 5.

[0035] Working principle: Start the stepper motor, drive the drive shaft 12 to rotate in the opposite direction, drive the jaw 182 in the reference positioning component 1 to the innermost position, and drive the wedge jaw 341 in the lateral positioning component 3 to the outermost position; then, the pusher 31 drives the clamping sleeve 32 to the outermost position, realizing the initialization of the reference positioning component 1 and the lateral positioning component 3. Place the bridge pack 4 on the annular block 23, place the bridge tube 5 on the V-shaped block 24, push the bridge tube 5 so that the inner end of the bridge tube 5 is inserted into the interfaces on both sides of the bridge pack 4; push the clamping sleeve 32 inward by the pusher 31, the clamping sleeve 32 passes through the bridge tube 5, and its inner end tapered cylinder 321 is inserted into the guide sleeve 19. At this time, the inner end of the lead screw 33 is connected with the transmission head 17, the pusher 31 is locked, and the preparation work is completed. When the stepper motor is started, the drive shaft 12 rotates in the forward direction. The drive shaft 12 drives the drive disk 13, and the drive disk 13 drives the upper transmission disk 16 and the lower transmission disk 14 on the upper and lower sides through the friction disk assembly 15. When the lower transmission disk 14 rotates in the forward direction, it drives the chuck 182 to move outward synchronously, thereby locking it at the lower opening of the bridge package 4 to achieve clamping and positioning of the bridge package 4. At the same time, the upper transmission disk 16 rotates in the forward direction, driving the transmission heads 17 on both sides through the upper gear ring 161. The transmission heads 17 drive the lead screws 33 on both sides, and the lead screws 33 drive the clamping blocks 34 and wedge-shaped claws 341 until the wedge-shaped claws 341 press against the bridge tubes 5 on both sides to achieve clamping and positioning of the bridge tubes 5. At this time, the assembly and positioning of the bridge package 4 and the bridge tubes 5 are completed, and the welding operation at the joint can begin.

[0036] It should be noted that for different models of bridge packs 4 and bridge tubes 5, the jaws 182 and wedges 341 may not be able to clamp simultaneously. In this case, the adaptive function of the present invention can be used to complete the synchronization adjustment of the jaws 182 and wedges 341, as follows: In combination with the above clamping process, For example, when the pawl 182 is already engaged at the opening of the bridge package 4, but the wedge-shaped pawl 341 has not yet pressed against the bridge tube 5; Combination Figure 7 As shown, at this time, in the friction disc assembly 15, the inner sleeve 151 and the lower sleeve 153 cannot be driven, and the friction disc 154 generates a friction torque. The output torque of the drive shaft 12 is greater than this friction torque, that is, the drive shaft 12 will drive the inner sleeve 151 and the lower sleeve 153 to slip, thereby ensuring that the upper lower sleeve 153 can still be driven, and then the upper transmission disc 16 is driven, so that the wedge claw 341 continues to move and completes the clamping of the bridge tube 5. When the wedge claw 341 is clamped in place, the inner sleeve 151 and the upper sleeve 152 can no longer be driven, and the friction disc 154 generates another friction torque. These two friction torques are greater than the output torque of the drive shaft 12, the drive shaft 12 stops rotating, and the clamping operation is completed. After the clamping operation is completed, the wedge jaws 341 and chuck jaws 182 will have completed their synchronization adjustment. After the welding operation is completed, the drive shaft 12 will rotate in the opposite direction to control the wedge jaws 341 and chuck jaws 182 to release the bridge tube 5 and bridge package 4. Note that when releasing the wedge jaws 341 and chuck jaws 182, the wedge jaws 341 should not return to their furthest position, and the chuck jaws 182 should not be retracted to their innermost position, in order to avoid changes in the synchronization of the wedge jaws 341 and chuck jaws 182. Afterwards, when welding the second bridge tube 5 and bridge package 4 of the same model, the wedge jaws 341 and chuck jaws 182 can achieve synchronous clamping. In the case where the wedge-shaped claw 341 has already pressed against the bridge tube 5, but the clasp 182 has not yet locked the bridge package 4, the adjustment is also carried out according to the above principle; It can be seen that when the bridge tube 5 and bridge package 4 are clamped for the first time, the present invention can automatically complete the synchronous adjustment of the chuck 182 and wedge 341; when the bridge tube 5 and bridge package 4 are clamped for the second time, the bridge tube 5 and bridge package 4 can be clamped and positioned synchronously.

[0037] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. An automatic rear axle housing welding device, characterized in that, include: The reference positioning component is installed in the middle of the worktable; Two lateral positioning components are symmetrically mounted on the worktables on both sides of the reference positioning component; The reference positioning component includes: A base plate is fixed on a worktable; multiple evenly distributed claw assemblies for positioning the bridge package are slidably mounted on the base plate. A drive shaft is rotatably mounted on the axis of the base plate; a drive disc is fixedly mounted on the drive shaft. The lower drive disc is rotatably mounted on the drive shaft; the upper side of the lower drive disc is connected to the drive disc via a friction disc assembly, and the lower side of the lower drive disc is connected to the chuck assembly. The upper transmission disc is rotatably mounted on the drive shaft; the lower side of the upper transmission disc is connected to the drive disc via the friction disc assembly, and the upper side of the upper rotating disc is connected to two symmetrically arranged transmission heads. The lateral positioning component includes: The pusher is slidably mounted on the worktable; A clamping sleeve is fixed on the pusher vehicle; the clamping sleeve is used to pass through the bridge tube and press against the lateral positioning assembly, and an axial sliding groove is provided on the clamping sleeve; The lead screw is rotatably mounted on the clamping sleeve; The clamping block is threadedly connected to the lead screw; the top block has a wedge-shaped claw that slides through the axial groove for pressing against the end of the bridge tube. When the clamping sleeve is pressed against the lateral positioning assembly, one end of the lead screw is connected to the transmission head.

2. The automatic rear axle housing welding equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper side of the substrate has multiple evenly distributed radial grooves. The claw assembly includes a slide bar slidably installed in a radial groove, with a claw detachably fixed to the outer end of the slide bar; the upper side of the slide bar is connected to the lower side of the lower transmission disk by a planar thread.

3. The automatic rear axle housing welding equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The friction disk assembly includes: The inner sleeve is fixed to the circumferential surface of the drive disc; The upper sleeve is located outside the inner sleeve and is fixedly connected to the lower side of the upper transmission disc; The lower sleeve is located outside the inner sleeve and is fixedly connected to the upper side of the lower transmission disc; The upper sleeve, lower sleeve, and inner sleeve are all connected by a friction disc drive.

4. The automatic rear axle housing welding equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A housing is fixed on the substrate; A drive shaft is rotatably mounted at the top of the housing, and a drive head is fixedly mounted at each end of the drive shaft; a driven gear is integrally formed on the drive head, and a gear ring that meshes with the driven gear is fixed on the upper side of the upper drive disc.

5. The automatic rear axle housing welding equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer casing has a mounting hole at a position opposite to the transmission head, and a guide sleeve for positioning the top clamping sleeve is fixed at the mounting hole.

6. The automatic rear axle housing welding equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The end of the top-tightening sleeve near the reference positioning component is fixed with a tapered cylinder, and the end of the tapered cylinder near the reference positioning component has a positioning stop that cooperates with the guide sleeve. The two ends of the clamping sleeve are fixed with bearings for rotating and supporting the lead screw.

7. The automatic rear axle housing welding equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A counterweight bracket is fixed to the end of the pusher vehicle away from the top tightening sleeve.

8. The automatic rear axle housing welding equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The workbench is fixed with a slide rail and a transmission rack that cooperate with the pusher; the pusher is equipped with a drive device that is connected to the transmission rack.

9. The automatic rear axle housing welding equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A ring-shaped block for supporting the bridge package is detachably fixed on the worktable.

10. The automatic rear axle housing welding equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The workbench is detachably fixed with a V-shaped block for supporting the bridge tube.

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