Automatic screw nut rotating and assembling equipment and process thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to bolt nut assembly technical field, disclose a kind of stud nut automatic spinning equipment and its process, including workbench, workbench is respectively equipped with stud bolt conveying chain and mechanical arm, stud bolt conveying chain is used to transport stud bolt, and mechanical arm is used to transport nut.The present application is inclined in nut feeding stage, feeding position is arranged, can be assisted by gravity auxiliary nut posture neat, greatly facilitate feeding operation, the guiding effect of slider and inclined turnover groove and sliding rod, realize the stable rotation displacement of swing arm driven sleeve and nut, again through the accurate guidance of feed groove, ensure that nut and locked stud bolt accurate alignment, simultaneously utilize the screwing cooperation of thread plate and swing arm side wall outer thread, realize sleeve with the synchronous retraction separation of nut spin, both guarantee the stability of spinning force, also avoid sleeve interference damage to nut or stud, improve assembly quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of bolt and nut assembly technology, specifically, it relates to an automatic stud and nut screw fitting device and its process. Background Technology

[0002] In industrial assembly, the screwing and fitting of studs and nuts is a common connection process. With the development of automation technology, various automatic screwing and fitting equipment are gradually replacing manual operation to improve assembly efficiency and quality. Among these, the feeding, alignment, and interference avoidance during the screwing and fitting process of nuts are one of the core challenges in equipment design.

[0003] In existing technologies, to achieve precise alignment between the nut and the stud after loading and to avoid interference between components during assembly, a complex swing arm motion trajectory is typically designed. This swing arm drives the sleeve carrying the nut to transfer it from the loading station to the assembly station and perform subsequent screwing operations. However, this complex motion trajectory requires the coordinated drive of numerous independent power sources (such as multiple cylinders, electric actuators, etc.). Each power source needs a corresponding stroke sensor to precisely control its timing and stroke range, ensuring the accuracy of the swing arm's motion trajectory. However, the use of numerous power sources significantly increases the manufacturing cost and overall size of the equipment, and also raises the failure rate. A failure of any power source or sensor can disrupt the entire assembly process.

[0004] In view of this, the present invention is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the basic concept of the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: An automatic stud and nut fitting device includes a worktable, on which a double-ended stud conveyor chain and a robotic arm are respectively installed. The double-ended stud conveyor chain is used to transport double-ended studs, and the robotic arm is used to transport nuts.

[0006] A lifting block is vertically slidably installed on the workbench. The lifting block moves upward to drive the corresponding double-headed stud to move to the assembly station. An assembly assembly is mounted on the workbench, and a controller for controlling the assembly assembly is also mounted on the workbench. The assembly assembly includes a horizontally sliding slider, a swing arm rotatably mounted on the slider, and a sleeve rotatably mounted at the end of the swing arm. The robotic arm is used to transport the nut to the inner wall of the sleeve. The swing arm is slidably mounted in a tilting groove, and the tilting groove is an inclined groove. A feed groove is connected to the end of the tilting groove. When the slider slides horizontally, the swing arm rotates along the tilting groove, causing the sleeve to rotate from the loading station to the assembly station, and the nut is transported to the assembly station through the feed groove. The sleeve sidewall is fitted with a threaded plate, and the swing arm sidewall is provided with an external thread. The threaded plate is screwed into the external thread. During the assembly process of the sleeve driving the nut to rotate, the sleeve is driven to retract through the external thread, so that the sleeve and the nut are separated.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, four pads are installed at the bottom corner of the workbench, and a pad plate is installed on the bottom of the four pads. The pad plate is in the shape of a boss and has several pairs of anti-slip grooves on the bottom. A pair of inspection doors are rotatably installed on the workbench. The pair of inspection doors are used to seal the internal cavity of the workbench and have handles installed on them.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a positioning frame is installed on the workbench, a displacement electric push rod is installed on the positioning frame, a lifting block is installed on the displacement electric push rod, a vertical pole is installed on the top of the workbench, a frame is installed on the vertical pole, and a pressure block is installed at the bottom of the frame. The pressure block and the lifting block are mutually adapted. When the lifting block drives the double-headed stud to move upward and the pressure blocks are mutually adapted, the double-headed stud is locked by the lifting block and the pressure block. A positioning plate is installed on the double-headed stud conveyor chain. The positioning plate is arc-shaped and is used to place the double-headed stud.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a mounting plate is provided on the workbench, a feed electric push rod is mounted on the mounting plate, a synchronization frame is mounted on the output end of the feed electric push rod, the synchronization frame is arched, and the synchronization frame is connected to the side wall of the slider.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a nut feeding tray is installed on the frame, and a plurality of nuts are placed inside the nut feeding tray. The robotic arm is used to transport the nuts inside the nut feeding tray to the inner wall of the sleeve. A through groove is also provided on the frame, and the swing arm and the sleeve pass through the through groove.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a pair of limiting plates are installed at the bottom of the frame. The limiting plates are provided with sliding grooves, which are slidably connected to the slider and are in a horizontal state. The flipping groove and the feed groove are opened on the side wall of the limiting plates. A connecting block is rotatably installed on the slider. The side wall of the connecting block is connected to the side wall of the swing arm. A sliding rod is installed on the side wall of the swing arm and is slidably disposed on the flipping groove.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a screwing motor is installed on the top of the swing arm, a connecting shaft is installed at the output end of the screwing motor, an end plate is installed at the end of the connecting shaft, an internal hexagonal groove is provided inside the sleeve, the internal hexagonal groove is adapted to the nut, and the end plate is slidably disposed on the inner sidewall of the internal hexagonal groove.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a positioning seat is installed on the slider, a limit cover is rotatably installed on the positioning seat, a limit rod is inserted inside the limit cover, a synchronous shaft is installed on the top of the limit rod, and the side wall of the synchronous shaft is rotatably connected to the swing arm.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a baffle is slidably installed inside the limiting cover, and the baffle is connected to the side wall of the limiting rod. A compression spring is sleeved on the outer wall of the limiting rod located on the inner side wall of the limiting cover. One end of the compression spring is engaged with the baffle, and the other end of the compression spring is engaged with the outer wall of the limiting cover. The compression spring is used to drive the swing arm to always have a force that slides in the direction of the feed groove.

[0015] An automatic screw-fitting process for studs and nuts includes the following steps: Step 1: Place the double-ended studs one by one smoothly on the arc-shaped positioning plate of the double-ended stud conveyor chain, ensuring that the studs are placed upright without any tilting. Then, neatly place the batch of nuts into the nut feeding tray. After checking that the material specifications match the equipment assembly requirements, issue a start command through the controller to activate all the actuators in a coordinated manner. Step 2: The double-headed stud conveyor chain precisely drives the positioning plate carrying the stud to the position directly below the assembly station. The electric push rod then drives the lifting block to move upward at a uniform speed, causing the stud to rise synchronously until it is tightly fitted with the pressure block at the bottom of the frame. The stud is locked and positioned by the clamping and matching of the two, ensuring no displacement during subsequent assembly. Step 3: The synchronously started robotic arm precisely grabs a single nut from the nut loading tray and smoothly transfers it to the sleeve at the end of the swing arm, so that the nut is precisely embedded into the internal hexagonal groove to complete the pre-fixation and prevent it from falling off during the transfer process; Step 4: The feed electric push rod pushes the synchronous frame to drive the slider to slide along the slide groove. The slide rod moves along the inclined flip groove to drive the swing arm to rotate. The compression spring transmits elastic force through the baffle and limit rod to ensure that the slide rod is in close contact with the groove wall, so that the nut is accurately aligned with the stud assembly end. Step 5: Start the motor to rotate the sleeve and nut for screwing. As the nut is screwed in, the threaded plate engages with the external thread to drive the sleeve to gradually retract until the nut reaches the preset screwing depth, at which point the sleeve and nut are completely separated. Step Six: The screwing motor stops working, the feed electric push rod drives each component to reverse and reset, and the swing arm returns to the loading position; the displacement electric push rod drives the lifting block to move down and unlock, and the assembled component enters the unloading process. The conveyor chain then transports the next stud to be assembled, starting a new cycle.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: In the nut feeding stage, the feeding position is set at an angle, which can help the nut to maintain a regular posture with the help of gravity, greatly facilitating the feeding operation. The guide effect of the slider, the inclined flipping groove and the slide rod realizes the smooth rotation and displacement of the sleeve and nut driven by the swing arm. Then, through the precise guidance of the feed groove, it is ensured that the nut and the locked double-ended stud are accurately aligned. At the same time, the screwing cooperation between the threaded plate and the external thread of the swing arm side wall realizes the synchronous retraction and separation of the sleeve as the nut is screwed in. This not only ensures the stability of the screwing force, but also avoids the sleeve from interfering with or damaging the nut or stud, thus improving the assembly quality.

[0017] The specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0018] In the attached diagram: Figure 1 A 3D diagram of an automatic stud and nut fitting device; Figure 2 A top view of an automatic stud and nut fitting device; Figure 3 An automatic stud and nut fitting device Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 4 A plan view of an automatic stud and nut fitting device; Figure 5 A partial part of an automatic stud and nut fitting device Figure 1 ; Figure 6 A partial part of an automatic stud and nut fitting device Figure 2 ; Figure 7 A partial part of an automatic stud and nut fitting device Figure 3 ; Figure 8 An automatic stud and nut fitting device Figure 7 Cross-sectional view of the middle limit cover.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Workbench; 2. Pad; 3. Pad plate; 4. Inspection door; 5. Handle; 6. Controller; 7. Robotic arm; 8. Double-headed stud conveyor chain; 9. Positioning plate; 10. Positioning frame; 11. Lifting block; 12. Shifting electric push rod; 13. Frame; 14. Upright pole; 15. Nut feeding tray; 16. Pressure block; 17. Swing arm; 18. Connecting block; 19. Slider; 20. Synchronizing frame; 21. Feed motor 21. Moving push rod; 22. Mounting plate; 23. Tightening motor; 24. Connecting shaft; 25. End plate; 26. Sleeve; 27. Internal hexagonal groove; 28. Threaded plate; 29. ​​External thread; 30. Limiting plate; 31. Sliding groove; 32. Tilting groove; 33. Feed groove; 34. Sliding rod; 35. Limiting cover; 36. Limiting rod; 37. Synchronous shaft; 38. Baffle; 39. Compression spring; 40. Positioning seat; 41. Through groove. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention. Example 1

[0021] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, an automatic stud and nut fitting device includes a workbench 1, on which a double-headed stud conveyor chain 8 and a robotic arm 7 are respectively installed. The double-headed stud conveyor chain 8 is used to convey double-headed studs, and the robotic arm 7 is used to convey nuts.

[0022] A lifting block 11 is vertically slidably installed on the workbench 1. The lifting block 11 moves upward to drive the corresponding double-headed stud to the assembly station. An assembly assembly is installed on the workbench 1, and a controller 6 for controlling the assembly assembly is also installed on the workbench 1. The assembly assembly includes a horizontally sliding slider 19, a swing arm 17 rotatably mounted on the slider 19, and a sleeve 26 rotatably mounted at the end of the swing arm 17. A robotic arm 7 is used to transport the nut to the inner wall of the sleeve 26. The side wall of the swing arm 17 is slidably disposed in a tilting groove 32, and the tilting groove 32 is an inclined groove. A feed groove 33 is connected to the end of the tilting groove 32. When the slider 19 slides horizontally, the swing arm 17 rotates along the tilting groove 32, causing the sleeve 26 to rotate from the loading station to the assembly station, and the nut is transported to the assembly station through the feed groove 33. A threaded plate 28 is installed on the side wall of the sleeve 26, and an external thread 29 is opened on the side wall of the swing arm 17. The threaded plate 28 and the external thread 29 are screwed together. When the sleeve 26 drives the nut to rotate during the assembly process, the external thread 29 drives the sleeve 26 to retract, causing the sleeve 26 to separate from the nut.

[0023] like Figures 1 to 8As shown in the specific embodiment, four pads 2 are installed at the bottom corner of the workbench 1, and a pad plate 3 is installed on the bottom of the four pads 2. The pad plate 3 is in the shape of a boss, and several pairs of anti-slip grooves are opened on the bottom of the pad plate 3. A pair of inspection doors 4 are rotatably installed on the workbench 1. The pair of inspection doors 4 are used to seal the internal cavity of the workbench 1, and handles 5 are installed on the inspection doors 4. The above structure improves the stability of the equipment placement and the convenience of maintenance. The four pads 2 and the boss-shaped pad plate 3 can adjust the level of the workbench 1. The anti-slip grooves on the bottom of the pad plate 3 enhance the anti-slip performance of the equipment and prevent displacement during operation. The inspection doors 4 can seal the internal cavity of the workbench 1 to prevent foreign objects from entering. The handles 5 facilitate the opening and closing of the inspection doors 4, making it convenient for staff to inspect and maintain the internal components.

[0024] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, a positioning frame 10 is installed on the workbench 1, a displacement electric push rod 12 is installed on the positioning frame 10, a lifting block 11 is installed on the displacement electric push rod 12, a vertical pole 14 is installed on the top of the workbench 1, a frame 13 is installed on the vertical pole 14, a pressure block 16 is installed at the bottom of the frame 13, the pressure block 16 and the lifting block 11 are mutually compatible, when the lifting block 11 drives the double-headed stud to move upward and the pressure block 16 is mutually compatible, the double-headed stud is locked by the lifting block 11 and the pressure block 16, and a positioning plate 9 is installed on the double-headed stud conveyor chain 8. The positioning plate 9 is arc-shaped and is used to place the double-headed stud. The above structure enables precise positioning and locking of the double-headed studs, ensuring no displacement of the studs during assembly and improving assembly accuracy. The positioning frame 10 provides stable installation support for the shifting electric push rod 12, which drives the lifting block 11 to move up and down precisely. The upright 14 and the frame 13 provide an installation base for the pressure block 16. The pressure block 16 and the lifting block 11 cooperate to lock the studs. The arc-shaped positioning plate 9 can fit the shape of the double-headed studs, ensuring that the studs are placed stably on the conveyor chain and avoiding skewing during the conveying process. Example 2

[0025] The difference between the above embodiments and this embodiment is that: Figures 1 to 8 As shown, a mounting plate 22 is provided on the worktable 1, and a feed electric push rod 21 is mounted on the mounting plate 22. A synchronization frame 20 is mounted on the output end of the feed electric push rod 21. The synchronization frame 20 is arched and is connected to the side wall of the slider 19. The above structure provides stable and precise horizontal driving power for the slider 19, ensuring that the sliding stroke of the slider 19 is controllable. The mounting plate 22 provides a solid mounting carrier for the feed electric push rod 21, and the arched synchronization frame 20 can avoid interference from other components, while ensuring that the driving force of the feed electric push rod 21 is smoothly transmitted to the slider 19, so that the slider 19 drives the subsequent components to move precisely.

[0026] like Figures 1 to 8As shown, in a specific embodiment, a nut loading tray 15 is installed on the frame 13, and a number of nuts are placed inside the nut loading tray 15. The robotic arm 7 is used to transport the nuts inside the nut loading tray 15 to the inner wall of the sleeve 26. A through slot 41 is also provided on the frame 13, through which the swing arm 17 and the sleeve 26 pass. The above structure realizes batch storage and precise transfer of nuts, ensuring the continuity of nut loading, while providing movement space for the swing arm 17 and the sleeve 26. The nut loading tray 15 can accommodate batch nuts, reducing the frequency of manual replenishment. The robotic arm 7 can accurately grab nuts and transport them to the sleeve 26. The through slot 41 avoids interference between the swing arm 17 and the sleeve 26 and the frame 13 during movement, ensuring smooth movement.

[0027] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, furthermore, a pair of limiting plates 30 are installed at the bottom of the frame 13. The limiting plates 30 have a sliding groove 31, which is slidably connected to the slider 19. The sliding groove 31 is horizontal. A tilting groove 32 and a feed groove 33 are formed on the side wall of the limiting plates 30. A connecting block 18 is rotatably mounted on the slider 19. The side wall of the connecting block 18 is connected to the side wall of the swing arm 17. A sliding rod 34 is installed on the side wall of the swing arm 17, and the sliding rod 34 is slidably positioned on the tilting groove 32. This structure improves the sliding stability of the slider 19 and the rotational accuracy of the swing arm 17. The limiting plates 30 provide a carrier for the sliding groove 31, tilting groove 32, and feed groove 33. The horizontal sliding groove 31 limits the sliding direction of the slider 19, preventing it from deviating. The connecting block 18 ensures flexible rotation between the swing arm 17 and the slider 19. The sliding rod 34 cooperates with the tilting groove 32 to achieve synchronous and precise rotation of the swing arm 17 as the slider 19 slides, ensuring accurate position switching of the sleeve 26.

[0028] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, a screwing motor 23 is mounted on the top of the swing arm 17. A connecting shaft 24 is mounted on the output end of the screwing motor 23, and an end plate 25 is mounted on the end of the connecting shaft 24. An internal hexagonal groove 27 is formed inside the sleeve 26, which is adapted to the nut. The end plate 25 is slidably disposed on the inner sidewall of the internal hexagonal groove 27. The above structure provides stable rotational power for screwing the nut, while ensuring smooth power transmission and relative sliding between the sleeve 26 and the end plate 25. The screwing motor 23 provides precise rotational power and speed control. The connecting shaft 24 and the end plate 25 realize power transmission. The internal hexagonal groove 27 can be precisely adapted to the nut, ensuring that the nut rotates synchronously with the sleeve 26. The sliding fit between the end plate 25 and the internal hexagonal groove 27 can adapt to the retraction action of the sleeve 26 without affecting the screwing power transmission.

[0029] like Figures 1 to 8As shown, in a specific embodiment, a positioning seat 40 is installed on the slider 19, and a limit cover 35 is rotatably installed on the positioning seat 40. A limit rod 36 is inserted inside the limit cover 35, and a synchronous shaft 37 is installed on the top of the limit rod 36. The side wall of the synchronous shaft 37 is rotatably connected to the swing arm 17. A baffle 38 is slidably installed inside the limit cover 35. The baffle 38 is connected to the side wall of the limit rod 36. A compression spring 39 is sleeved on the outer wall of the limit rod 36 located on the inner side wall of the limit cover 35. One end of the compression spring 39 is engaged with the baffle 38, and the other end of the compression spring 39 is engaged with the outer wall of the limit cover 35. The compression spring 39 is used to drive the swing arm 17 to always have a force to slide in the direction of the feed groove 33. The above structure ensures that the slide bar 34 is always in close contact with the inner wall of the tilting groove 32 and the feed groove 33, improving the stability of the rotation and sliding of the swing arm 17. The positioning seat 40 provides an installation base for the limit cover 35. The limit cover 35, the limit rod 36 and the baffle 38 cooperate to limit the compression spring 39. The compression spring 39 pushes the baffle 38, the limit rod 36 and the synchronous shaft 37 with its elastic force, so that the swing arm 17 always has a force in the direction of the feed groove 33, ensuring that the slide bar 34 does not detach from the groove and improving the accuracy of the work position conversion.

[0030] This invention also discloses an automatic screw-fitting process for studs and nuts, the steps of which are as follows: Step 1: Place the double-headed studs one by one smoothly on the arc-shaped positioning plate 9 of the double-headed stud conveyor chain 8, ensuring that the studs are placed upright without any skewing. Then, neatly place the batch of nuts into the nut loading tray 15. After checking that the material specifications match the equipment assembly requirements, issue a start command through the controller 6 to activate all the actuators in a coordinated manner. Step 2: The double-headed stud conveyor chain 8 precisely drives the positioning plate 9 carrying the stud to the position directly below the assembly station. The displacement electric push rod 12 then drives the lifting block 11 to move upward at a uniform speed, causing the stud to rise synchronously until it is tightly fitted with the bottom pressure block 16 of the frame 13. The stud is locked and positioned by the clamping and matching of the two, ensuring that there is no displacement in subsequent assembly. Step 3: The robotic arm 7, which starts synchronously, precisely grabs a single nut from the nut loading tray 15 and smoothly transfers it to the sleeve 26 at the end of the swing arm 17, so that the nut is precisely embedded into the internal hexagonal groove 27 to complete the pre-fixation and prevent it from falling off during the transfer process. Step 4: The feed electric push rod 21 pushes the synchronous frame 20 to drive the slider 19 to slide along the slide groove 31. The slide rod 34 moves along the inclined flip groove 32 to drive the swing arm 17 to rotate. The compression spring 39 transmits elastic force through the baffle and the limit rod to ensure that the slide rod is in close contact with the groove wall, so that the nut is accurately aligned with the stud assembly end. Step 5: Start the screwing motor 23 to drive the sleeve 26 and nut to rotate and screw into place. As the nut is screwed in, the threaded plate 28 and the external thread 29 cooperate to drive the sleeve to gradually retract until the nut reaches the preset screwing depth, at which point the sleeve and nut are completely separated. Step Six: The screwing motor stops working, the feed electric push rod drives each component to reverse and reset, and the swing arm returns to the loading position; the displacement electric push rod drives the lifting block to move down and unlock, and the assembled component enters the unloading process. The conveyor chain then transports the next stud to be assembled, starting a new cycle.

[0031] The implementation principle of the automatic stud and nut fitting device of the present invention is as follows: Before the equipment is put into operation, the workers place the double-ended studs to be assembled on the arc-shaped positioning plate 9 of the double-ended stud conveyor chain 8, place the nuts inside the nut loading tray 15, and then start the equipment through the controller 6. The entire assembly process is carried out in an orderly manner under the overall control of the controller 6. First, the double-ended stud conveyor chain 8 transports the positioning plate 9 carrying the double-ended studs to the corresponding position below the assembly station. At this time, the displacement electric push rod 12 on the positioning frame 10 is activated, driving the lifting block 11 to move vertically upward, which in turn moves the double-ended studs on the positioning plate 9 upward synchronously until the top of the double-ended studs is in contact with the pressure block 16 at the bottom of the frame 13. With the mutual adaptation of the lifting block 11 and the pressure block 16, the double-ended studs are accurately locked and positioned, avoiding displacement deviations during subsequent assembly.

[0032] While the double-ended stud completes locking and positioning, the robotic arm 7 starts to grab the nut from inside the nut loading tray 15 and transport it to the inner wall of the hexagonal groove 27 of the sleeve 26 at the end of the swing arm 17 below the through groove 41 of the frame 13, thus completing the nut loading action.

[0033] Subsequently, the feed electric push rod 21 on the mounting plate 22 is activated, and its output end pushes the synchronous frame 20 to move horizontally, thereby causing the slider 19 connected to the synchronous frame 20 to slide horizontally along the slide groove 31 of the limiting plate 30. Since the slide rod 34 on the side wall of the swing arm 17 is slidably set in the flip groove 32 on the side wall of the limiting plate 30, and the flip groove 32 is an inclined groove, during the horizontal sliding of the slider 19, the slide rod 34 slides along the inclined flip groove 32, thereby driving the swing arm 17 to rotate around its rotation connection point with the slider 19, driving the sleeve 26 and the inner nut to gradually rotate from the loading station to the assembly station. At the same time, under the guidance of the feed groove 33 connected to the end of the flip groove 32, it is ensured that the nut is accurately aligned with the assembly end of the locked and positioned double-headed stud, completing the alignment preparation before assembly. During this process, the compression spring 39 inside the positioning seat 40 on the slider 19 always applies an elastic force to the limiting rod 36 through the baffle 38. The limiting rod 36 transmits the force to the swing arm 17 through the synchronous shaft 37, so that the swing arm 17 always has a tendency to slide towards the feed groove 33, ensuring the stable contact and sliding of the slide rod 34 with the flip groove 32 and the feed groove 33, and improving the alignment accuracy.

[0034] Once the nut and stud are precisely aligned, the screwing motor 23 at the top of the swing arm 17 starts, driving the end plate 25 to rotate via the connecting shaft 24. Since the end plate 25 is slidably positioned within the internal hexagonal groove 27 of the sleeve 26, its rotation synchronously rotates the sleeve 26 and the nut on its inner side, thus achieving the threaded engagement of the nut and stud. During the nut engagement process, the threaded plate 28 on the side wall of the sleeve 26 is engaged with the external thread 29 on the side wall of the swing arm 17. As the nut is continuously screwed into the stud, the engagement between the threaded plate 28 and the external thread 29 drives the sleeve 26 to gradually retract along the axial direction of the swing arm 17. When the nut reaches the preset engagement depth and meets the assembly requirements, the sleeve 26 retracts to a state completely separated from the nut, preventing the sleeve 26 from interfering with subsequent processes.

[0035] After the nut assembly is completed, the tightening motor 23 stops working, the feed electric push rod 21 drives the synchronous frame 20 and the slider 19 to reverse reset, the slider 19 drives the swing arm 17 to slide in the opposite direction, and the slide rod 34 moves in the opposite direction along the flip groove 32, so that the swing arm 17 and the sleeve 26 rotate and reset to the loading station; at the same time, the displacement electric push rod 12 drives the lifting block 11 to move down and reset, the lifting block 11 and the pressure block 16 release the locking of the double-headed stud, and the assembled stud and nut assembly can be processed for subsequent unloading. The double-headed stud conveyor chain 8 continues to transport the next double-headed stud to be assembled to the designated position and enter the next assembly cycle.

[0036] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic stud and nut fitting device, comprising a workbench (1), on which a double-headed stud conveyor chain (8) and a robotic arm (7) are respectively installed, the double-headed stud conveyor chain (8) being used to convey double-headed studs, and the robotic arm (7) being used to convey nuts, characterized in that: A lifting block (11) is vertically slidably installed on the workbench (1). The lifting block (11) moves upward to drive the corresponding double-headed stud to move to the assembly station. An assembly assembly is installed on the workbench (1), and a controller (6) for controlling the assembly assembly is also installed on the workbench (1). The assembly assembly includes a horizontally sliding slider (19), a swing arm (17) is rotatably mounted on the slider (19), and a sleeve (26) is rotatably mounted at the end of the swing arm (17). The robotic arm (7) is used to transport the nut to the inner wall of the sleeve (26). The side wall of the swing arm (17) is slidably mounted in the flip groove (32), and the flip groove (32) is an inclined groove. The end of the flip groove (32) is connected to a feed groove (33). When the slider (19) slides horizontally, the swing arm (17) rotates along the flip groove (32), so that the sleeve (26) rotates from the loading station to the assembly station, and the nut is transported to the assembly station through the feed groove (33) for processing. The sleeve (26) has a threaded plate (28) installed on its side wall, and the swing arm (17) has an external thread (29) on its side wall. The threaded plate (28) is screwed into the external thread (29). When the sleeve (26) drives the nut to rotate during assembly, the external thread (29) drives the sleeve (26) to retract, causing the sleeve (26) to separate from the nut.

2. The automatic stud and nut fitting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Four pads (2) are installed at the bottom corner of the workbench (1). A pad plate (3) is installed at the bottom of the four pads (2). The pad plate (3) is in the shape of a boss. Several anti-slip grooves are opened at the bottom of the pad plate (3). A pair of inspection doors (4) are rotatably installed on the workbench (1). The pair of inspection doors (4) are used to seal the internal cavity of the workbench (1). A handle (5) is installed on the inspection door (4).

3. The automatic stud and nut fitting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A positioning frame (10) is installed on the workbench (1), a displacement electric push rod (12) is installed on the positioning frame (10), a lifting block (11) is installed on the displacement electric push rod (12), a vertical pole (14) is installed on the top of the workbench (1), a frame (13) is installed on the vertical pole (14), a pressure block (16) is installed at the bottom of the frame (13), the pressure block (16) and the lifting block (11) are mutually compatible. When the lifting block (11) drives the double-headed stud to move upward and the pressure block (16) is mutually compatible, the double-headed stud is locked by the lifting block (11) and the pressure block (16). A positioning plate (9) is installed on the double-headed stud conveyor chain (8). The positioning plate (9) is arc-shaped and is used to place the double-headed stud.

4. The automatic stud and nut fitting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The workbench (1) is provided with an installation plate (22), and a feed electric push rod (21) is installed on the installation plate (22). A timing frame (20) is installed at the output end of the feed electric push rod (21). The timing frame (20) is arched and is connected to the side wall of the slider (19).

5. The automatic stud and nut fitting device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The frame (13) is equipped with a nut feeding tray (15), which contains a number of nuts. The robotic arm (7) is used to transport the nuts inside the nut feeding tray (15) to the inner wall of the sleeve (26). The frame (13) is also provided with a through groove (41), through which the swing arm (17) and the sleeve (26) pass.

6. The automatic stud and nut fitting device according to claim 3, characterized in that, A pair of limiting plates (30) are installed at the bottom of the frame (13). A sliding groove (31) is provided on the limiting plate (30). The sliding groove (31) is slidably connected to the slider (19), and the sliding groove (31) is in a horizontal state. The flip groove (32) and the feed groove (33) are opened on the side wall of the limiting plate (30). A connecting block (18) is rotatably installed on the slider (19). The side wall of the connecting block (18) is connected to the side wall of the swing arm (17). A sliding rod (34) is installed on the side wall of the swing arm (17), and the sliding rod (34) is slidably arranged on the flip groove (32).

7. The automatic stud and nut fitting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the swing arm (17) is equipped with a screwing motor (23), the output end of the screwing motor (23) is equipped with a connecting shaft (24), the end of the connecting shaft (24) is equipped with an end plate (25), the sleeve (26) has an internal hexagonal groove (27) inside, the internal hexagonal groove (27) is adapted to the nut, and the end plate (25) is slidably disposed on the inner side wall of the internal hexagonal groove (27).

8. The automatic stud and nut fitting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A positioning seat (40) is installed on the slider (19), and a limit cover (35) is rotatably installed on the positioning seat (40). A limit rod (36) is inserted inside the limit cover (35), and a synchronous shaft (37) is installed on the top of the limit rod (36). The side wall of the synchronous shaft (37) is rotatably connected to the swing arm (17).

9. The automatic stud and nut fitting device according to claim 8, characterized in that, A baffle (38) is slidably installed inside the limiting cover (35). The baffle (38) is connected to the side wall of the limiting rod (36). A compression spring (39) is sleeved on the outer wall of the limiting rod (36) located on the inner side wall of the limiting cover (35). One end of the compression spring (39) is clamped on the baffle (38), and the other end of the compression spring (39) is clamped on the outer wall of the limiting cover (35). The compression spring (39) is used to drive the swing arm (17) to always have a force that slides in the direction of the feed groove (33).

10. An automatic screw-fitting process for stud nuts, characterized in that, The automatic stud and nut fitting equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the automatic stud and nut fitting process comprises the following steps: Step 1: Place the double-headed studs one by one smoothly on the arc-shaped positioning plate (9) of the double-headed stud conveyor chain (8), ensuring that the studs are placed upright without any skewing. Then, neatly place the batch of nuts into the nut loading tray (15). After checking that the material specifications match the equipment assembly requirements, issue a start command through the controller (6) to activate all the execution components in a coordinated manner. Step 2: The double-headed stud conveyor chain (8) precisely drives the positioning plate (9) carrying the stud to the position directly below the assembly station. The displacement electric push rod (12) then drives the lifting block (11) to move upward at a constant speed, driving the stud to rise synchronously until it is tightly fitted with the bottom pressure block (16) of the frame (13). The stud is locked and positioned by the clamping and matching of the two, ensuring that there is no displacement in subsequent assembly. Step 3: The synchronously started robotic arm (7) accurately grabs a single nut from the nut loading tray (15) and smoothly transfers it to the end sleeve (26) of the swing arm (17), so that the nut is accurately embedded into the inner hexagonal groove (27) to complete the pre-fixation and avoid falling off during the transfer process; Step 4: The feed electric push rod (21) pushes the synchronous frame (20) to drive the slider (19) to slide along the slide groove (31), the slide rod (34) moves along the inclined flip groove (32) to drive the swing arm (17) to rotate, and the compression spring (39) transmits elastic force through the baffle and the limit rod to ensure that the slide rod is in close contact with the groove wall, so that the nut is accurately aligned with the stud assembly end; Step 5: Start the motor (23) to drive the sleeve (26) and nut to rotate and engage. As the nut is screwed in, the threaded plate (28) and the external thread (29) work together to drive the sleeve to gradually retract until the nut reaches the preset engagement depth, at which point the sleeve and nut are completely separated. Step Six: The screwing motor stops working, the feed electric push rod drives each component to reverse and reset, and the swing arm returns to the loading position; the displacement electric push rod drives the lifting block to move down and unlock, and the assembled component enters the unloading process. The conveyor chain then transports the next stud to be assembled, starting a new cycle.

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