Artificial intelligence server, automatic assembly workstation and automatic assembly method

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of AI server automatic assembly, and discloses an AI server automatic assembly workstation and an automatic assembly method. In the AI server automatic assembly workstation, feeding is automatically realized through a feeding unit, a clamping unit is used to grab parts and identify parts to calibrate the positions and postures of visual images, and a fastening unit is used to automatically lock screws, so that manual assembly is replaced by mechanical automatic operation, full-process automatic assembly of back plates, main boards and functional modules is realized, production efficiency and product yield are effectively improved, safety risks of manual operation are avoided, and market capacity demand is met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of AI server automated assembly technology, and more particularly to an AI server automated assembly workstation and automated assembly method. Background Technology

[0002] As a core hardware device in the field of artificial intelligence, AI servers have a precise and complex internal structure. The assembly process involves the precise stacking and fastening of multiple components such as backplanes, motherboards, and functional modules. The assembly accuracy of each component directly affects the operational stability and lifespan of the server. With the rapid development of artificial intelligence technology, the market demand for AI servers continues to rise, placing higher demands on their production efficiency, product yield, and mass production capabilities.

[0003] Currently, the assembly of AI servers largely relies on manual labor. Due to the large number of parts, the complex assembly process, and the strict requirements for the installation position, orientation, and tightening force of each part, the yield rate is highly dependent on the assembly skills, operational stability, and sense of responsibility of the workers. Furthermore, the cumbersome and slow pace of manual assembly makes it difficult to meet the market's demand for mass production of AI servers, resulting in significant production capacity bottlenecks. In addition, during repetitive tasks such as part handling, positioning, and screw tightening, manual labor is prone to assembly errors due to fatigue and operational mistakes, affecting product consistency. There are also safety risks such as part collision damage and personnel injury, further restricting the efficiency and quality of AI server production.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for AI server automated assembly workstations, which can solve the problems of low production efficiency, poor product yield and consistency, insufficient capacity and high industrial safety risks in the manual assembly mode, and meet the market demand for efficient, high-quality and large-scale production of AI servers. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an automated assembly workstation for AI servers, which can solve the problems of low production efficiency, poor product yield and consistency, insufficient capacity and high industrial safety risks in the manual assembly mode, and meet the market demand for efficient, high-quality and large-scale production of AI servers.

[0006] Based on the above concept, the technical solution adopted by this invention is as follows: An automated AI server assembly workstation includes components to be assembled, stacked from bottom to top: a backplate, a motherboard, and functional modules. The functional modules are placed in designated mounting positions on the motherboard. The automated AI server assembly workstation comprises: Control panel and control unit; The loading unit is electrically connected to the control unit and is spaced apart behind the operating table. The loading unit includes a loading component and a support component. The support component is installed on the loading component. The part to be assembled is placed on the support component. The loading component is used to move the support component with the part to be assembled to a designated loading station and to reset the unloaded support component from the designated position to the initial standby position. An operating unit, the operating unit including an operating element, the operating element being electrically connected to the control unit; The clamping unit is electrically connected to the control unit and is installed at the output end of the operating component. The clamping unit is used to clamp the part to be assembled placed on the support and, driven by the operating component, transfer the part to be assembled to the preset assembly station of the operating table to complete the stacking and positioning of the back plate, the main board and the functional module. The identification component is electrically connected to the control unit and is installed at the output end of the operating component. The identification component is used to collect real-time position information and attitude data of the parts to be assembled and the fasteners, and to feed the data back to the control unit for coordinate calibration. The fastening unit is electrically connected to the control unit and is installed at the output end of the operating component. The clamping unit, the identification component, and the fastening unit do not interfere with each other. The clamping unit, the identification component, and the fastening unit are driven to a preset working coordinate and realize multi-dimensional posture adjustment. The fastening unit is used to pick up the fastener and lock the fastener to the preset fastening hole positions of the back plate, the main board, and the functional module, thereby completing the fastening assembly between the back plate, the main board, and the functional module.

[0007] As an optional solution for the AI ​​server automated assembly workstation, the fastening unit includes: A spacing adjustment component, which is installed at the output end of the operating element; Two fastening actuators are respectively fixed to the outputs at both ends of the spacing adjustment component. The spacing adjustment component is used to adaptively adjust the distance between the two fastening actuators according to the spacing parameters of the position to be fastened, so as to adapt to two different fastening spacings: fastening the motherboard to the back plate and fastening the functional module to the motherboard.

[0008] As an optional solution for the AI ​​server's automated assembly workstation, the spacing adjustment component includes: An adjustment drive is provided, the fixed end of which is installed at the output end of the operating element, and the fixed end of one of the two fastening actuators is installed at the fixed end of the adjustment drive. The adjustment drive includes an adjustment drive cylinder and an adjustment piston rod that are telescopically connected. The adjustment piston rod extends along the X direction, and the adjustment drive cylinder is capable of driving the adjustment piston rod to extend and retract relative to the adjustment drive cylinder along the X direction. A first mounting component is connected to the free end of the adjusting piston rod, and another fastening actuator is mounted on the first mounting component. The adjusting drive component is capable of driving the first mounting component and the fastening actuator to move along the X direction.

[0009] As an optional solution for the AI ​​server automated assembly workstation, the fastening actuator is a screw gun.

[0010] As an optional solution for the AI ​​server automated assembly workstation, the clamping unit includes a clamping assembly, which includes; Two first clamping drive members are arranged at a distance along the Y direction at the output end of the operating member; Two first grippers are arranged opposite each other and are respectively connected to two first clamping drive members. The two first clamping drive members are used to drive the two first grippers to move relative to each other or away from each other to clamp or release the back plate.

[0011] As an optional solution for this AI server automated assembly workstation, the clamping unit also includes an adsorption component, which includes: Two second clamping drive members are arranged at a distance along the X direction at the output end of the operating member; Two second grippers are arranged opposite each other and are respectively connected to two second clamping drive members. The two second clamping drive members are used to drive the two second grippers to move relative to each other or away from each other to clamp or release the motherboard. An adsorption element is disposed between the two second grippers and is used to adsorb the motherboard.

[0012] As an optional component for the AI ​​server's automated assembly workstation, the identification element is a CCD camera.

[0013] As an optional solution for the AI ​​server automated assembly workstation, the manipulator is a robotic arm, which is electrically connected to the control unit to receive control signals and perform corresponding work actions.

[0014] As an optional solution for the AI ​​server automated assembly workstation, the operating unit also includes a mounting frame, which is detachably fixed to the output end of the operating component. The clamping unit, the identification component, and the fastener are integrated and mounted on the mounting frame.

[0015] The purpose of this invention is to provide an AI server-based automatic assembly method that can solve the problems of low production efficiency, poor product yield and assembly consistency, insufficient production capacity, high industrial safety risks, and reliance on worker assembly skills in manual assembly mode. This method enables automated and precise assembly, achieving efficient, high-quality, and large-scale standardized production.

[0016] Based on the above concept, the technical solution adopted by this invention is as follows: An automated AI server assembly method, applied to an automated AI server assembly workstation, includes the following steps: S1: Drive the operating component to move to the preset station above the support component carrying the material, control the identification component to align with the part to be assembled to be clamped and collect its three-dimensional position and posture deviation information and transmit it to the control unit. The control unit generates a compensation control signal, adjusts the spatial position and angle of the clamping unit, drives the clamping unit to perform clamping action, and clamps the part to be assembled with a preset clamping force. S2: Drive the operating component to carry the part to be assembled to the assembly area of ​​the operating table, control the identification component to align with the operating table, collect the assembly reference position information of the operating table, the control unit corrects the moving trajectory of the operating component, accurately places the back plate on the designated assembly position on the operating table and releases it, then aligns the motherboard containing the functional module to the designated position of the back plate and stacks it on the back plate, and releases the clamping unit to complete the pre-assembly. S3: Drive the operating component to move above the outlet of the fastener feeding structure, collect the position coordinates and orientation information of the fastener through the identification component, and adjust the posture of the operating component so that the fastening unit aligns with and picks up the fastener. S4: Drive the operating component to move the fastener to the fastening assembly position, control the identification component to align with the fastening position, collect the precise coordinate information of the fastening hole, and the control unit adjusts the posture of the operating component and drives the fastening unit to work, locking and fixing the fastener to the fastening hole, and completing the locking assembly of the back plate, the motherboard and the functional module.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention proposes an AI server-based automated assembly workstation. Through multi-unit automated operation involving feeding, clamping, identification, and fastening, it replaces the traditional manual assembly process, achieving fully automated production using the AI ​​server. The visual image analysis and coordinate calibration functions of the identified parts eliminate part placement deviations and assembly posture errors. Combined with the high precision and stability of mechanical movements, it improves product yield and assembly consistency, eliminating reliance on worker assembly skills. The automated operation mode shortens the assembly cycle of a single product, significantly increasing production line capacity to meet market demand for bulk orders. It avoids potential safety accidents during manual operation, reduces industrial safety risks, and lowers labor costs, achieving simultaneous optimization of production efficiency, product quality, and operational safety.

[0018] This invention also proposes an automated assembly method for AI servers. By acquiring precise data on parts, operating table references, fasteners, and fastening hole positions in real time through identification components, the control unit dynamically generates compensation signals and adjustment trajectories. This achieves automated and precise control of the entire process of clamping, transferring, stacking, and locking, completely eliminating reliance on manual operation skills. Its step-by-step assembly logic combined with visual calibration effectively eliminates part placement deviations, assembly posture errors, and fastening position deviations, significantly improving the assembly consistency and product yield of the backplate, motherboard, and functional modules. The automated operation mode significantly shortens the assembly cycle of a single server, significantly increasing production line capacity and meeting the market's demand for large-scale production. Simultaneously, it avoids fatigue errors, part damage, and personnel safety risks caused by repetitive manual operations, reducing uncertainties in the production process and achieving efficient, stable, and safe standardized assembly of AI servers, further optimizing the production process. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a first structural schematic diagram of the AI ​​server automatic assembly workstation provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the second structure of the AI ​​server automatic assembly workstation provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the fastening unit provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the feeding unit provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] In the picture: 1. Control panel; 2. Feeding unit; 21. Feeding assembly; 22. Support component; 23. Feeding housing; 231. Feeding port; 232. Discharge port; 3. Operating unit; 31. Operating component; 32. Operating base; 4. Clamping unit; 41. Clamping assembly; 411. First clamping drive; 412. First gripper; 42. Adsorption assembly; 421. Second clamping drive; 422. Second gripper; 423. Adsorption element; 43. Buffer pad; 5. Identification components; 6. Fastening unit; 61. Spacing adjustment assembly; 611. Adjustment drive component; 612. First mounting component; 62. Fastening actuator; 7. Install the frame; 8. Fastener feeder. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the technical problems solved by the present invention, the technical solutions adopted, and the technical effects achieved clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts related to the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings, not all of them.

[0022] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected," "linked," and "fixed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0023] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0024] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," and "right," etc., refer to the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for ease of description and simplification of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used only for distinction in description and have no special meaning.

[0025] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0026] This embodiment provides an AI server automated assembly workstation. The parts to be assembled include a backplate, a motherboard, and functional modules stacked from bottom to top. The functional modules are placed in designated mounting positions on the motherboard, such as... Figures 1-4 As shown, in this embodiment, the AI ​​server automatic assembly workstation includes an operating table 1, a control unit, a feeding unit 2, an operation unit 3, a clamping unit 4, an identification component 5, and a fastening unit 6. The feeding unit 2 is electrically connected to the control unit and is spaced behind the operating table 1. The feeding unit 2 includes a feeding assembly 21 and a support component 22. The support component 22 is mounted on the feeding assembly 21, and the parts to be assembled are placed on the support component 22. The feeding assembly 21 is used to move the support component 22 with the parts to be assembled to a designated feeding station and to reset the unloaded support component 22 from the designated position to the initial standby position. The operation unit 3 includes an operation component 31, which is electrically connected to the control unit. The clamping unit 4 is electrically connected to the control unit and is mounted on the output end of the operation component 31. The clamping unit 4 is used to clamp the parts to be assembled placed on the support component 22. Driven by the operating component 31, the parts to be assembled are transferred to the preset assembly station of the operating table 1 to complete the stacking and positioning of the back plate, motherboard and functional module. The identification component 5 is electrically connected to the control unit and is installed at the output end of the operating component 31. The identification component 5 is used to collect the real-time position information and attitude data of the parts to be assembled and the fasteners, and feed the data back to the control unit for coordinate calibration. The fastening unit 6 is electrically connected to the control unit and is installed at the output end of the operating component 31. The clamping unit 4, the identification component 5 and the fastening unit 6 do not interfere with each other. The clamping unit 4, the identification component 5 and the fastening unit 6 are driven to the preset working coordinates and realize multi-dimensional attitude adjustment. The fastening unit 6 is used to pick up the fasteners and lock the fasteners in the preset fastening holes of the back plate, motherboard and functional module, and complete the fastening assembly between the back plate, motherboard and functional module.

[0027] The AI ​​server automated assembly workstation utilizes a feeding unit 2 for automatic material feeding, a clamping unit 4 for gripping parts, an identification unit 5 for visual image recognition to complete position and posture calibration, and a fastening unit 6 for automatic fastening. Relying on multi-dimensional robotic arm operations, it achieves automated assembly of the backplate, motherboard, and functional modules, replacing manual labor in the entire AI server assembly process. This achieves a fully automated production mode for AI server assembly. By leveraging the collaborative operation of robots and visual images, it eliminates reliance on worker assembly skills, steadily improves the yield of finished AI server products, significantly accelerates assembly speed, effectively increases overall production line capacity, better matches market demand for AI servers, avoids industrial safety risks associated with manual assembly, mitigates issues such as unstable yield, low production efficiency, and insufficient capacity caused by differences in human operator skill, and eliminates assembly error risks arising from the difficulty in standardizing manual assembly operations.

[0028] It should be noted that in this embodiment, when the working end face of the clamping unit 4 is parallel to the assembly reference surface at the designated feeding station, the X direction is the same as the front-back direction, the Y direction is the same as the left-right direction, the Z direction is the same as the up-down direction, and the X, Y, and Z directions are perpendicular to each other.

[0029] When fastening the motherboard to the backplate and the motherboard to functional modules, a single person can only tighten one fastener at a time, which can easily lead to uneven stress on the motherboard, resulting in micro-deformation of the board and damage to components. Furthermore, functional modules often have integrated spring-loaded fasteners at the four corners. Manually fastening each fastener individually requires overcoming the elastic preload, and the applied clamping force and tightening torque are difficult to control stably, easily causing motherboard deformation and component damage due to overload. In addition, when manually tightening one side at a time, after the first fastening point is completed, the remaining three corners warp and shift due to the reverse spring force, causing the heat dissipation module to not fit tightly against the motherboard plane, compromising assembly alignment accuracy and reliability. To solve these problems, preferably, as follows... Figures 1-4As shown, in this embodiment, the fastening unit 6 includes a spacing adjustment component 61 and two fastening actuators 62. The spacing adjustment component 61 is installed at the output end of the operating component 31, and the two fastening actuators 62 are respectively fixed to the output ends of the spacing adjustment component 61. The spacing adjustment component 61 is used to adaptively adjust the distance between the two fastening actuators 62 according to the spacing parameters of the position to be fastened, so as to adapt to two different fastening spacings: fastening the motherboard to the backplate and fastening the functional module to the motherboard. The spacing adjustment component 61 adaptively adjusts the distance between the two fastening actuators 62. The spacing is suitable for fastening operations with different fastening distances, such as between the motherboard and backplate, and between functional modules and the motherboard. This allows for synchronous or precise fastening at corresponding points in two assembly locations, achieving standardized fastening assembly between AI server components. The dual fastening actuators 62, with adaptive spacing adjustment, can simultaneously perform fastening operations at corresponding points, precisely controlling the clamping force and locking torque. It is compatible with the elastic preload of the integrated spring-loaded fasteners in functional modules, improving assembly alignment accuracy and reliability, accelerating fastener fastening efficiency, and ensuring a tight fit between the heat dissipation module and the motherboard plane.

[0030] Preferably, such as Figures 1-4 As shown, in this embodiment, the spacing adjustment assembly 61 includes an adjustment drive member 611 and a first mounting member 612. The fixed end of the adjustment drive member 611 is mounted on the output end of the operating member 31. The fixed end of one of the two fastening actuators 62 is mounted on the fixed end of the adjustment drive member 611. The adjustment drive member 611 includes an adjustment drive cylinder and an adjustment piston rod that are telescopically connected. The adjustment piston rod extends along the X direction, and the adjustment drive cylinder can drive the adjustment piston rod to telescopically extend and retract relative to the adjustment drive cylinder along the X direction. The first mounting member 612 is connected to the free end of the adjustment piston rod, and the other fastening actuator 62 is mounted on the first mounting member 612. The adjustment drive 611 can drive the first mounting part 612 and the fastening actuator 62 mounted on it to move along the X direction, that is, drive one fastening actuator 62 to make a linear displacement relative to another fixed fastening actuator 62, thereby precisely adjusting the distance between the two fastening actuators 62, stably adapting to two different fastening distance requirements: motherboard and backplane, and functional module and motherboard. This enables targeted fastening operations for different assembly positions, ensuring that the distance adjustment of the two fastening actuators 62 is precise and controllable, responds quickly, and is easy to operate without manual intervention to complete the distance adaptive adaptation, improving the flexibility and adaptability of fastening operations.

[0031] Optionally, in this embodiment, the fastener is a screw, and the fastening actuator 62 is a screw gun, which can adapt to the locking requirements of precision assembly by the AI ​​server. The locking force, speed, and locking position can be precisely controlled. Combined with the workstation's automated operation mode, it further improves locking consistency and assembly efficiency, ensures that the connection of stacked parts is firm and reliable, and helps the production line to produce stably and efficiently. It avoids problems such as uneven force, locking misalignment, and missed or incorrect locking that occur when manually tightening screws, avoids assembly errors and the hidden dangers of loose parts connections caused by manual tightening, and reduces the safety risks and efficiency shortcomings caused by manual operation, ensuring stable and uniform assembly quality of finished products. In other embodiments, the fastening actuator 62 can also be a pneumatic fastening head or an electric rivet gun, etc.

[0032] Preferably, such as Figures 1-4 As shown, in this embodiment, the holding unit includes a clamping assembly 41, which includes two first clamping drive members 411 and two first grippers 412. The two first clamping drive members 411 are arranged at intervals along the Y direction at the output end of the operating member 31. The two first grippers 412 are arranged opposite to each other and are respectively connected to the two first clamping drive members 411. The two first clamping drive members 411 are used to drive the two first grippers 412 to move relative to or away from each other to clamp or release the backplate, thus completing the AI ​​servo operation. The automatic clamping and releasing of the backplate, together with the operating component 31, enables stable transfer and stacking positioning of the backplate between assembly stations. It is compatible with the automated material loading and assembly process of the AI ​​server automatic assembly workstation. The Y-axis symmetrical layout of the two first clamping drive components 411 and the first gripper 412 can form a balanced clamping force on the backplate, ensuring uniform force and stable posture during the backplate gripping process. The clamping action response is fast and accurate, improving the positioning accuracy of the backplate transfer and assembly, and ensuring the alignment accuracy when the backplate is stacked with the motherboard and functional modules.

[0033] Preferably, such as Figures 1-4As shown, in this embodiment, the clamping unit 4 further includes an adsorption component 42. The adsorption component 42 includes two second clamping drive members 421, two second grippers 422, and an adsorption member 423. The two second clamping drive members 421 are arranged at intervals along the X-direction at the output end of the operating member 31. The two second grippers 422 are arranged opposite to each other and are respectively connected to the two second clamping drive members 421. The two second clamping drive members 421 are used to drive the two second grippers 422 to move relative to or away from each other to clamp or release the motherboard. The adsorption member 423 is disposed between the two second grippers 422 and is used to adsorb the motherboard. By driving the second clamping drive members 421 arranged at intervals along the X-direction and the second grippers 422, combined with the adsorption member 423 between the second grippers, the motherboard is clamped and adsorbed for dual fixation. With the adsorption force of the adsorption member 423, the second grippers 422 do not need to be used. Applying excessive clamping force can achieve stable fixation of the motherboard, achieving precise positioning and stable support during motherboard transfer, stacking, and multi-dimensional posture adjustment. Through the coordinated action of clamping and adsorption, it ensures that the motherboard maintains a stable posture throughout the entire assembly process, smoothly connecting with the backplane, functional modules, and subsequent fastening operations. Considering the special nature of the motherboard material, the adsorption component 423 undertakes the main fixing function, allowing the second gripper 422 to use a smaller clamping force. This dual fixing structure ensures the stability of the motherboard during transfer and assembly, improving assembly accuracy, while also preventing damage to the motherboard due to excessive clamping force, protecting the motherboard's surface circuitry, components, and edge structures. The smaller clamping force combined with adsorption fixation is suitable for the thin and fragile material characteristics of the motherboard, reducing component wear and improving finished product yield. Furthermore, the reliability of the dual fixation makes the assembly process smoother, aligning with the rhythm of automated production lines and improving assembly efficiency.

[0034] Specifically, such as Figures 1-4As shown, in this embodiment, a backplate and a motherboard with stacked functional modules are simultaneously placed on a support 22. The clamping unit 4 includes a clamping component 41 and an adsorption component 42. The clamping component 41 and the adsorption component 42 are arranged at intervals along the X-direction. The relative arrangement distance between the backplate and the motherboard is consistent with the relative installation distance between the clamping component 41 and the adsorption component 42. The clamping component 41 and the adsorption component 42 are provided with identification elements 5 to realize the synchronous gripping, synchronous transfer and precise stacking positioning of the backplate and the motherboard with stacked functional modules on the support 22. The distance between the clamping component 41 and the adsorption component 42 along the X-direction matches the part arrangement distance. By combining real-time data acquisition and coordinate calibration of the identification component 5, the two parts maintain a stable relative position during the gripping process. This allows for synchronous transfer from the support component 22 to the preset assembly station on the operating table 1 without the need for batch transfers. Furthermore, the operating component 31 enables multi-dimensional posture coordination adjustment, ensuring precise alignment of holes and mounting surfaces when the backplate and motherboard are stacked. This lays the foundation for the subsequent fastening operation of the fastening unit 6, reducing the number of gripping and transfer operations and shortening the assembly cycle. The specialized cooperation between the clamping component 41 and the adsorption component 42, considering the material characteristics of the backplate and motherboard, ensures clamping stability and reduces damage to the parts. In other embodiments, the clamping unit 4 may include only the clamping component 41 or the adsorption component 42. The clamping component 41 can also be adapted to clamp the motherboard, but it is more prone to damaging the motherboard compared to the adsorption component 42. The adsorption component 42 can also be adapted to clamp the backplate, but its clamping force is weaker than that of the clamping component 41, which can easily cause the backplate to shift or fall off during transfer or posture adjustment. In other embodiments, a support member 22 may be evenly placed with a back plate or a motherboard with stacked functional modules. The clamping unit 4 can switch the operating mode of the clamping component 41 or the adsorption component 42 through the control unit. When the support member 22 is only placed with a back plate, the clamping component 41 is activated to complete the batch clamping and transfer. When the support member 22 is only placed with a motherboard with stacked functional modules, the adsorption component 42 is activated to cooperate with the clamping component 41 to achieve double fixation, which can adapt to the batch feeding and assembly requirements of a single part and improve the flexibility and adaptability of the production line.

[0035] Optionally, such as Figures 1-4 As shown, in this embodiment, the adjusting drive 611, the first clamping drive 411, and the second clamping drive 421 are all cylinders. In other embodiments, the adjusting drive 611, the first clamping drive 411, and the second clamping drive 421 may also be hydraulic cylinders or electric cylinders, etc.

[0036] Preferably, such as Figures 1-4As shown, in this embodiment, the clamping unit 4 further includes a buffer pad 43, which is disposed inside the first gripper 412 and the second gripper 422. The buffer pad 43 enables flexible contact between the gripper and the backplate / mainboard. The elastic deformation of the buffer pad 43 absorbs the impact force during clamping, allowing the clamping force to be transmitted more evenly to the surface of the backplate or mainboard. Simultaneously, during gripping, transport, and attitude adjustment, it maintains stable contact between the backplate / mainboard and the gripper, preventing attitude deviation caused by concentrated force or slight displacement at the clamping point. This achieves flexible fixation and precise positioning of the backplate / mainboard during clamping operations, ensuring smooth connection between clamping actions and transport / stacking processes. The flexible contact of the buffer pad 43 increases the friction coefficient between the gripper and the backplate / mainboard, reducing the risk of slippage during transport. Combined with the clamping assembly 41 and the adsorption assembly 42, this further enhances the gripping effect. The stabilizing function further improves the positioning accuracy of the backplane or motherboard during multi-dimensional posture adjustment and stacking processes, ensuring the alignment accuracy of the backplane, motherboard, and functional modules. The buffer pad 43 can buffer the rigid collision between the gripper and the backplane or motherboard, reduce the wear of the gripper on the surface of the backplane or motherboard, and at the same time reduce the impact force on the gripper itself when the clamping drive starts and stops, extending the maintenance cycle of the clamping unit 4. In addition, the flexible clamping can adapt to the slight deviation of the backplane or motherboard size, reduce the requirements for the initial placement posture of the backplane or motherboard, improve the fault tolerance of automated feeding and clamping operations, make the assembly process smoother, indirectly improve the overall assembly efficiency, avoid physical damage caused by rigid contact between the gripper and the backplane or motherboard, and prevent the first gripper 412 from bumping the edge of the backplane and the second gripper 422 from scratching or indenting the surface circuits, components, and edge structures of the motherboard.

[0037] Preferably, in this embodiment, the buffer pad 43 is made of silicone material, which enables flexible and tight contact and adhesion between the grippers and the backplate and motherboard. Utilizing the excellent elastic deformation capability of silicone material, it quickly absorbs impact force and evenly distributes clamping force during clamping. Simultaneously, the surface adsorption of silicone enhances the adhesion between the grippers and the backplate and motherboard. Even if there are slight irregularities or minor dimensional deviations on the surface of the backplate or motherboard, stable clamping can be achieved through the flexible adaptation of silicone. This ensures the stability and precise positioning of the backplate and motherboard during clamping, transportation, and multi-dimensional attitude adjustment. Furthermore, the chemical stability of silicone material prevents reactions with the surface of the backplate or motherboard, achieving safe clamping adaptation for backplates or motherboards of different materials. In other embodiments, the buffer pad 43 can also be made of rubber or polyurethane.

[0038] Preferably, in this embodiment, the buffer pad 43 is also provided with anti-slip texture, which can increase the friction between the first gripper 412, the second gripper 422 and the corresponding back plate and main board, improve the clamping stability, prevent the back plate and main board from sliding relative to each other during transportation and posture adjustment, and ensure assembly positioning accuracy.

[0039] Preferably, such as Figures 1-4 As shown, in this embodiment, the adsorption element 423 is a cylindrical suction nozzle, and three adsorption elements 423 are spaced apart. In other embodiments, the adsorption element 423 can also be a flat suction cup or a corrugated suction nozzle, etc. The adsorption element 423 can also be provided in one, two, four, five, or six quantities.

[0040] Preferably, such as Figures 1-4 As shown, in this embodiment, the feeding unit 2 also includes a feeding shell 23, which covers the feeding assembly 21. The feeding shell 23 has a feeding port 231. The operating member 31 drives the clamping unit 4 to clamp the parts to be assembled from the feeding port 231. The feeding shell 23 also has a discharge port 232, which is used to take out the unloaded support 22 and send in the fully loaded support 22. The feeding shell 23 can reduce the pollution and interference of external dust and debris on the parts and the feeding assembly 21, and reduce the risk of parts damage and mechanism jamming.

[0041] Preferably, such as Figures 1-4 As shown, in this embodiment, the feeding assembly 21 includes a feeding frame and a fully loaded lifting structure extending vertically, a fully loaded separating mechanism extending horizontally, an empty stacking mechanism extending vertically, and a fully loaded feeding mechanism extending horizontally, all mounted on the feeding frame. The front end of the fully loaded separating mechanism is installed on the top of the fully loaded lifting structure, and the front end of the fully loaded feeding mechanism is located at the bottom of the fully loaded lifting mechanism. The rear outlet 232 of the fully loaded feeding mechanism corresponds to this. The top of the empty stacking mechanism is installed at the rear end of the fully loaded separating mechanism, and the bottom of the empty stacking mechanism is installed at the rear end of the fully loaded feeding mechanism. The fully loaded support 22 can enter the feeding housing from the outlet 232 and be placed on the fully loaded feeding mechanism, thus moving the fully loaded support 22 forward to the bottom of the fully loaded lifting structure and then into the fully loaded lifting mechanism. The fully loaded lifting mechanism can move the fully loaded support 22 upward through the fully loaded lifting mechanism. The structure lifts layer by layer to achieve parallel and spaced stacking of fully loaded support components 22. The fully loaded support components 22 move upward to the front end of the fully loaded separation mechanism and then enter the fully loaded separation mechanism. At this time, the support components 22 are at the feeding port 231. The clamping unit 4 grabs the parts to be assembled. After the material is picked up and an empty support component 22 is formed, the fully loaded separation mechanism drives the empty support component 22 to move backward to the empty stacking mechanism and then enters the empty stacking mechanism. The empty stacking mechanism can drive the empty support components 22 to move downward. Through the layer-by-layer descent of the empty stacking mechanism, the empty support components 22 are stacked in parallel and spaced. Then, the worker takes out the recovered empty support component 22 from the discharge port 232 and puts the fully loaded support component 22 into the rear end of the fully loaded feeding mechanism to complete the closed loop of the feeding cycle. This achieves uninterrupted feeding of the parts to be assembled and ensures continuous operation of the AI ​​server automated assembly.

[0042] It should be noted that the full-load lifting structure, full-load separation mechanism, empty-load stacking mechanism, and full-load feeding mechanism are existing structures. Setting up a full-load lifting structure, full-load separation mechanism, empty-load stacking mechanism, and full-load feeding mechanism in an AI server automatic assembly workstation to move parts is a conventional setup in the field. In this embodiment, any of the existing moving structures can be used, as long as the full-load lifting structure, full-load separation mechanism, empty-load stacking mechanism, and full-load feeding mechanism have the function of moving the parts to be assembled. Specific details will not be provided here.

[0043] Preferably, such as Figures 1-4 As shown, in this embodiment, the identification component 5 is a CCD camera, which can collect the position information and attitude data of the parts to be assembled and fasteners of the AI ​​server in real time, and feed the relevant data back to the control unit to complete coordinate calibration. Together with the clamping unit 4 and the fastening unit 6, it achieves multi-dimensional precise attitude adjustment, providing visual positioning support for the automated stacking and positioning of the backplate, motherboard, and functional modules, and the precise fastening of fasteners. The CCD camera achieves precise positioning calibration based on visual images and can work collaboratively with the operating component 31 to complete collaborative operations, eliminating reliance on the assembly skills of workers, steadily improving the yield of AI server products, accelerating assembly speed, and increasing the overall production line capacity. In other embodiments, the identification component 5 can also be a laser rangefinder or a 3D vision sensor, etc.

[0044] Preferably, such as Figures 1-4 As shown, in this embodiment, the operating component 31 is a robotic arm. The robotic arm is electrically connected to the control unit to receive control signals and execute corresponding work actions. The robotic arm can drive the clamping unit 4, the identification component 5, and the fastening unit 6 to the preset work coordinates and complete multi-dimensional posture adjustment. In conjunction with each functional unit, it sequentially completes actions such as clamping and transferring the parts to be assembled, calibrating the position and posture, and picking up and locking the fasteners. This realizes the automated stacking, positioning, and fastening assembly of the AI ​​server backplane, motherboard, and functional modules. The robotic arm can achieve multi-dimensional precision operation. Relying on its flexible motion performance, it allows each unit to work together to carry out automated assembly work, eliminating the dependence on the assembly skills of workers, steadily improving the yield of AI server finished products, accelerating the assembly speed, effectively increasing the overall production capacity of the production line, and adapting to the market's production demand for AI servers. In other embodiments, the operating component 31 can also be a linear module slide or a gantry robot, etc.

[0045] Preferably, such as Figures 1-4As shown, in this embodiment, the operation unit 3 also includes an operation base 32. The operation base 32 is arranged at intervals behind the operation table 1 and to the right of the loading unit 2. The operation component 31 is installed on the operation base 32, which can provide a stable installation bearing base for the operation component 31, the clamping unit 4, the identification component 5 and the fastening unit 6, accurately define the operation installation position of the operation component 31, and ensure that the operation component 31 drives each operation component to complete multi-dimensional automated assembly actions such as part gripping, position calibration, stacking positioning and fastener fastening in an orderly manner between the operation table 1 and the loading unit 2. It is compatible with the full-process assembly operation space layout of the AI ​​server backplane, motherboard and functional modules.

[0046] Preferably, such as Figures 1-4 As shown, in this embodiment, the AI ​​server automatic assembly workstation also includes a fastener feeder 8, which is installed on the operating base 32. The fastener feeder 8 contains fasteners, realizing centralized storage and stable supply of fasteners, continuously providing the fastening unit 6 with the fasteners required for assembly. It works with the control unit and the fastening unit 6 to complete the automatic picking and fastening of fasteners during the assembly of the backplate, motherboard and functional modules, ensuring the continuity and timeliness of fastener supply, eliminating the need for frequent manual replenishment of fasteners, improving the overall assembly efficiency of the workstation, and standardizing the storage of fasteners, reducing the inconvenience caused by messy fastener stacking.

[0047] Preferably, such as Figures 1-4 As shown, in this embodiment, the operation unit 3 also includes a mounting frame 7. The mounting frame 7 is detachably fixedly connected to the output end of the operation component 31. The clamping unit 4, the identification component 5, and the fasteners are integrated and installed on the mounting frame 7, so that the three can synchronously complete multi-dimensional posture adjustment and workstation switching with the operation component 31. This accurately matches the assembly, identification, and locking sequence of the backplate, motherboard, and functional modules, ensuring the continuous and coordinated execution of the AI ​​server parts stacking positioning, position calibration, and fastener locking processes. This reduces the space occupied by the separate installation of multiple components, facilitates overall disassembly and maintenance, and makes the operation actions of each unit more coordinated, reducing the stroke deviation caused by individual component driving, and improving the positioning accuracy and operation efficiency during AI server assembly.

[0048] This embodiment also provides an automatic AI server assembly method, applied to the automatic AI server assembly workstation in this embodiment. The automatic AI server assembly method includes the following steps: S1: Drive the operating component 31 to move to the preset station above the material support component 22, control the identification component 5 to align with the part to be assembled to be clamped and collect its three-dimensional position and posture deviation information and transmit it to the control unit. The control unit generates a compensation control signal, adjusts the spatial position and angle of the clamping unit 4, and drives the clamping unit 4 to perform the clamping action to clamp the part to be assembled with a preset clamping force. S2: Drive the operating component 31 to move the parts to be assembled to the assembly area of ​​the operating table 1, control the identification component 5 to align with the operating table 1, collect the assembly reference position information of the operating table 1, control the control unit to correct the movement trajectory of the operating component 31, accurately place the back plate on the designated assembly position on the operating table 1 and release it, then align the motherboard with the functional module to the designated position of the back plate and release the clamping unit 4 to complete the pre-assembly. S3: Drive the operating component 31 to move above the fastener feeding structure outlet 232, collect the position coordinates and orientation information of the fastener through the identification component 5, and the control unit adjusts the posture of the operating component 31 so that the fastening unit 6 aligns with and picks up the fastener. S4: Drive the operating component 31 to move the fastener to the fastening assembly position, control the identification component 5 to align with the fastening position, collect the precise coordinate information of the fastening hole, control the control unit to adjust the posture of the operating component 31 and drive the fastening unit 6 to work, lock and fix the fastener to the fastening hole, and complete the locking assembly of the back plate, motherboard and functional module.

[0049] In summary, the AI ​​server automatic assembly method provided by this invention achieves multi-dimensional automated operation by using the feeding unit 2 for automatic material feeding, the clamping unit 4 for precise part picking and placing, the identification component 5 for visual acquisition of position and posture data and real-time calibration and compensation, and the fastening unit 6 for automatic fastening of fasteners. Relying on the operating component 31, it completes the stacking, positioning, and locking assembly of the backplate, motherboard, and functional modules step by step, realizing standardized, precise, and unmanned assembly throughout the entire process. This effectively avoids various defects of manual assembly, improves product yield, production efficiency, and operational safety, and meets the needs of large-scale production of AI servers.

[0050] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make other variations or modifications based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively describe all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An AI server automatic assembly workstation, wherein the parts to be assembled include a backplate, a motherboard, and functional modules stacked from bottom to top, wherein the functional modules are placed in a designated mounting position on the motherboard, characterized in that, The AI ​​server automated assembly workstation includes: Control panel (1) and control unit; The loading unit (2) is electrically connected to the control unit. The loading units (2) are arranged at intervals behind the operating table (1). The loading unit (2) includes a loading component (21) and a support (22). The support (22) is installed on the loading component (21). The parts to be assembled are placed on the support (22). The loading component (21) is used to move the support (22) with the parts to be assembled to a designated loading station and to reset the unloaded support (22) from the designated position to the initial standby position. The operation unit (3) includes an operation component (31) which is electrically connected to the control unit. The clamping unit (4) is electrically connected to the control unit. The clamping unit (4) is installed at the output end of the operating component (31). The clamping unit (4) is used to clamp the part to be assembled placed on the support (22) and, driven by the operating component (31), transfer the part to be assembled to the preset assembly station of the operating table (1) to complete the stacking and positioning of the back plate, the motherboard and the functional module. Identifier (5), which is electrically connected to the control unit, is installed at the output end of the operating component (31). The identifier (5) is used to collect the real-time position information and attitude data of the parts to be assembled and the fasteners, and feed the data back to the control unit for coordinate calibration. Fastening unit (6) is electrically connected to the control unit. The fastening unit (6) is installed at the output end of the operating component (31). The clamping unit (4), the identification component (5) and the fastening unit (6) do not interfere with each other. The clamping unit (4), the identification component (5) and the fastening unit (6) are driven to the preset working coordinates and realize multi-dimensional posture adjustment. The fastening unit (6) is used to pick up the fastener and lock the fastener to the preset fastening hole positions of the back plate, the motherboard and the functional module, and complete the fastening assembly between the back plate, the motherboard and the functional module.

2. The AI ​​server automatic assembly workstation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fastening unit (6) includes: A spacing adjustment component (61) is installed at the output end of the operating element (31); Two fastening actuators (62) are respectively fixed to the outputs at both ends of the spacing adjustment component (61). The spacing adjustment component (61) is used to adaptively adjust the distance between the two fastening actuators (62) according to the spacing parameters of the position to be fastened, so as to adapt to two different fastening spacings: fastening the motherboard to the back plate and fastening the functional module to the motherboard.

3. The AI ​​server automatic assembly workstation according to claim 2, characterized in that, The spacing adjustment component (61) includes: An adjustment drive (611) is provided, the fixed end of which is installed at the output end of the operating element (31). The fixed end of one of the two fastening actuators (62) is installed at the fixed end of the adjustment drive (611). The adjustment drive (611) includes an adjustment drive cylinder and an adjustment piston rod that are telescopically connected. The adjustment piston rod extends along the X direction. The adjustment drive cylinder can drive the adjustment piston rod to extend and retract relative to the adjustment drive cylinder along the X direction. A first mounting member (612) is connected to the free end of the adjusting piston rod. Another fastening actuator (62) is mounted on the first mounting member (612). The adjusting drive member (611) is capable of driving the first mounting member (612) and the fastening actuator (62) mounted thereon to move along the X direction.

4. The AI ​​server automatic assembly workstation according to claim 2, characterized in that, The fastening actuator (62) is a screwdriver.

5. The AI ​​server automatic assembly workstation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The clamping unit (4) includes a clamping assembly (41), which includes: Two first clamping drive members (411) are arranged at a distance along the Y direction at the output end of the operating member (31); Two first grippers (412) are arranged opposite to each other, and the two first grippers (412) are respectively connected to two first clamping drive members (411). The two first clamping drive members (411) are used to drive the two first grippers (412) to move relative to each other or away from each other to clamp or release the back plate.

6. The AI ​​server automatic assembly workstation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The clamping unit (4) further includes an adsorption component (42), which includes: Two second clamping drive members (421) are arranged at intervals along the X direction at the output end of the operating member (31); Two second grippers (422) are arranged opposite to each other, and the two second grippers (422) are respectively connected to two second clamping drive members (421). The two second clamping drive members (421) are used to drive the two second grippers (422) to move relative to each other or away from each other to clamp or release the motherboard. An adsorption element (423) is disposed between two second grippers (422) and is used to adsorb the motherboard.

7. The AI ​​server automatic assembly workstation according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The identification element (5) is a CCD camera.

8. The AI ​​server automatic assembly workstation according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The operating component (31) is a robotic arm, which is electrically connected to the control unit to receive control signals and perform corresponding work actions.

9. The AI ​​server automatic assembly workstation according to claim 8, characterized in that, The operating unit (3) further includes a mounting frame (7), which is detachably fixedly connected to the output end of the operating component (31). The clamping unit (4), the identification component (5), and the fastener are integrated and installed on the mounting frame (7).

10. An automatic assembly method for AI servers, characterized in that, Applied to the AI ​​server automatic assembly workstation as described in claims 1-9, the AI ​​server automatic assembly method includes the following steps: S1: Drive the operating component (31) to move to the preset station above the support component (22) of the material carrier, control the identification component (5) to align with the part to be assembled to be clamped and collect its three-dimensional position and posture deviation information and transmit it to the control unit. The control unit generates a compensation control signal, adjusts the spatial position and angle of the clamping unit (4), drives the clamping unit (4) to perform clamping action, and clamps the part to be assembled with a preset clamping force. S2: Drive the operating component (31) to carry the part to be assembled to the assembly area of ​​the operating table (1), control the identification component (5) to align with the operating table (1), collect the assembly reference position information of the operating table (1), after the control unit corrects the movement trajectory of the operating component (31), accurately place the back plate on the designated assembly position on the operating table (1) and release it, then align the motherboard with the functional module to the designated position stacked on the back plate, and release the clamping unit (4) to complete the pre-assembly; S3: Drive the operating component (31) to move above the fastener feeding structure outlet (232), collect the position coordinates and orientation information of the fastener through the identification component (5), and adjust the posture of the operating component (31) so that the fastening unit (6) aligns with and picks up the fastener. S4: Drive the operating component (31) to carry the fastener to the fastening assembly position, control the identification component (5) to align with the fastening position, collect the accurate coordinate information of the fastening hole, and the control unit adjusts the posture of the operating component (31) and drives the fastening unit (6) to work, lock and fix the fastener to the fastening hole, and complete the locking assembly of the back plate, the motherboard and the functional module.

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