Semi-open three-axis machining center

Abstract

The application discloses a semi-open three-axis machining center, and relates to the field of numerical control machine tools.The semi-open three-axis machining center comprises a base, a supporting seat arranged on the base, a transverse sliding seat slidably connected to the supporting seat, a transverse driving structure arranged on the transverse sliding seat, a vertical sliding seat slidably connected to the transverse sliding seat, a vertical driving structure arranged on the vertical sliding seat, a turning drill installed at the bottom of the vertical sliding seat, a machining cavity for machining a workpiece to be machined formed between the supporting seat and the base, a longitudinal sliding seat installed in the machining cavity, a longitudinal driving structure arranged on the base, a feeding cavity for feeding arranged at one end of the base away from the supporting seat, a discharging cavity for discharging arranged between the base and the supporting seat, and a tool changing cavity arranged at one side of the base away from the discharging cavity, wherein a chain tool magazine is arranged in the tool changing cavity.The application increases the operation space for feeding or discharging, more conveniently realizes workpiece feeding and discharging operation, and improves the overall operation efficiency and machining production efficiency of the equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of CNC machine tools, and in particular to a semi-open three-axis machining center. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, three-axis machining centers are the most basic and widely used CNC machine tools. Through the linkage of three mutually perpendicular linear axes X, Y, and Z, they realize automated cutting of workpieces. They are widely used in automotive parts, 3C electronics, general machinery, molds, hardware, medical devices, and aerospace conventional structural parts, mainly for machining planes, hole systems, cavities, and various parts with regular shapes and no undercuts or side recesses.

[0003] In the prior art, a three-axis machining center includes a base, a transverse slide block slidably connected to the base, a fixed plate for fixing the workpiece to be processed mounted on the transverse slide block, a transverse slider mounted at the bottom of the transverse slide block, a transverse groove formed on the base, the transverse groove slidingly engaging with the transverse slide block, two rows of transverse stators mounted on both sides of the transverse groove, and two rows of transverse movers mounted on the sides of the transverse slider near the two rows of transverse stators. A robotic arm is mounted on the side of the base near the fixed plate, and a support base is mounted on the base, with an operating space formed between the support base and the base for loading and unloading materials, providing sufficient working area for the robotic arm to load and unload materials; a longitudinal slide block slidably connected to the support base, the sliding direction of the longitudinal slide block being perpendicular to the sliding direction of the transverse slide block, a row of longitudinal stators mounted on the support base, and a longitudinal mover mounted on the side of the longitudinal slide block near the longitudinal stators. A vertical slide block has a vertical cavity, within which a vertical slide block is slidably connected. The sliding direction of the vertical slide block is perpendicular to the sliding direction of the transverse slide block and the sliding direction of the longitudinal slide block. Two rows of vertical movers are installed on both sides of the vertical slide block, and two rows of vertical stators are installed on both sides of the vertical slide cavity near the two rows of vertical movers. The movement of each slide block is driven by the cooperation of the movers and stators to achieve three-axis linkage machining of the workpiece.

[0004] Regarding the aforementioned patents, the robotic arm can automatically complete the loading and unloading of workpieces. However, during the loading and unloading process, the support structure significantly restricts the robotic arm's movement space and posture adjustment range, resulting in limited loading and unloading action paths, thus affecting overall production efficiency, which urgently needs improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to increase the operating space for loading or unloading, to more conveniently realize the loading and unloading of workpieces, and to improve the overall operating efficiency and processing efficiency of the equipment, this application provides a semi-open three-axis machining center.

[0006] This application provides a semi-open three-axis machining center with the following technical solution: It includes a base, on which a support seat is provided. A transverse slide is slidably connected to the support seat. A transverse drive structure is provided on the transverse slide for driving its sliding motion. The transverse slide slides laterally along the X-axis. A vertical slide is slidably connected to the transverse slide, sliding along the Z-axis. A vertical drive structure is provided on the vertical slide for driving its sliding motion. A turning drill is mounted at the bottom of the vertical slide for machining the workpiece. Turning machining; a machining cavity for machining the workpiece is formed between the support and the base. A longitudinal slide for clamping the workpiece is installed in the machining cavity. The longitudinal slide slides along the Y-axis. A longitudinal drive structure for driving the longitudinal slide is provided on the base. A loading cavity for loading is opened at the end of the base away from the support. A unloading cavity for unloading is opened between the base and the support. A tool changing cavity is opened on the side of the base away from the unloading cavity. A chain tool magazine is provided in the tool changing cavity for changing tools.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, during operation, the workpiece to be processed is first loaded into the loading chamber, placed on the longitudinal slide, and fixed in place. After loading, the CNC program is started, and the transverse, longitudinal, and vertical drive structures drive the transverse, longitudinal, and vertical slides in a three-axis linkage, precisely adjusting the working position of the turning drill so that it is accurately aligned with the workpiece machining area. The coordinated operation of each drive structure enables automated three-axis machining of the workpiece. The opening of the loading and unloading chambers effectively expands the loading and unloading operation range, simplifies the loading and unloading process, reduces operational difficulty, and significantly improves workpiece changing efficiency and overall production efficiency.

[0008] Preferably, a protective seat is installed on the side of the support base away from the longitudinal slide block. A protective cavity is formed inside the protective seat, and a tank chain is installed inside the protective cavity. The protective cavity is connected to the processing cavity. One end of the tank chain is fixedly connected to the longitudinal slide block, and the other end is installed inside the protective cavity.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the protective cavity can provide sufficient displacement space for the tank chain to reciprocate with the longitudinal slide. The tank chain can form an orderly storage and directional constraint on the internal cables. The tank chain moves synchronously with the longitudinal slide, avoiding excessive bending, pulling or tangling of the cables. At the same time, it blocks the intrusion of dust and debris, ensuring the service life of the cables and the motion accuracy of the equipment, and improving the overall layout neatness and maintenance convenience.

[0010] Preferably, the base is provided with a baffle plate, the baffle plate has a baffle cavity, the baffle cavity is provided with a waterproof curtain, and the chain-type tool magazine is provided through the baffle cavity.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solutions, the structural design of the baffle plate can effectively isolate machining chips, dust and cutting fluid, prevent the moving parts such as the tool magazine chain from being corroded and worn, reduce jamming failures, reduce the frequency of daily maintenance and maintenance costs, ensure continuous and stable machining of the machine tool, and improve the overall reliability of the machine operation.

[0012] Preferably, a tool magazine base is installed at the bottom of the chain tool magazine, the tool magazine base is slidably connected to the chain tool magazine, two tool holder slide rods are provided on the tool magazine base, the two tool holder slide rods are arranged along the length direction of the chain tool magazine, multiple tool holder sliders are provided at the bottom of the chain tool magazine, the tool holder sliders are slidably engaged with the tool holder slide rods, and a drive cylinder is installed on the tool magazine base, the drive cylinder is used to drive the chain tool magazine to slide along the length direction of the tool holder slide rods.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, when tool changing is required, the drive cylinder drives the chain tool magazine to slide. The chain tool magazine and the transverse slide slide relative to each other in a direction that brings them closer together, which can effectively reduce tool changing time, improve tool changing efficiency, and thus improve machining efficiency.

[0014] Preferably, the lateral drive structure includes a row of lateral stators disposed on the support base, and a row of lateral movers disposed on the side of the lateral slide near the lateral stators. The lateral movers are electromagnetically coupled with the lateral stators to realize the sliding movement of the lateral slide. The vertical drive structure includes a vertical drive cavity opened on the lateral slide, a vertical drive screw disposed in the vertical drive cavity, and a vertical drive motor disposed at the end of the vertical drive screw away from the base. The vertical drive motor is used to drive the vertical drive screw to rotate, and a screw sleeve is sleeved on the vertical drive screw. The screw sleeve is fixedly installed on the vertical slide, and the screw sleeve is used to drive the vertical slide to perform vertical reciprocating sliding movement. The longitudinal drive structure includes a longitudinal slider mounted on the bottom of the longitudinal slide block, a longitudinal slide cavity opened on the base to slide and cooperate with the longitudinal slider, two rows of longitudinal stators are installed in the longitudinal slide cavity, and two rows of longitudinal movers are arranged at both ends of the longitudinal slider near the two rows of longitudinal stators. The longitudinal movers are electromagnetically cooperated with the longitudinal stators to realize the sliding of the longitudinal slide block.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, both the transverse and longitudinal slides are driven by direct-drive motors, which have high transmission efficiency, accurate positioning, and rapid dynamic response. The vertical drive screw drives the vertical slide to slide in the vertical direction, which has a simple structure, convenient assembly and maintenance, faster dynamic response, and higher structural stability.

[0016] Preferably, two dustproof covers are slidably connected to the base, and both ends of the longitudinal slide are fixedly connected to the two dustproof covers respectively. The two dustproof covers cover the longitudinal slide cavity. Two discharge grooves are provided on the base, located on both sides of the longitudinal slide cavity. The two discharge grooves extend along the length of the base, and one end of the two discharge grooves near the protective seat penetrates through the base.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the two dust covers slide synchronously with the longitudinal slide block, thus forming a complete shielding and protection for the longitudinal slide cavity throughout the entire movement. The debris and coolant generated during the processing can slide directly down the dust covers into the discharge chute, where they can be cleaned by the staff. The dust covers can effectively prevent dust, debris and moisture from entering the interior of the longitudinal slide cavity, avoiding jamming and corrosion of precision moving parts such as the longitudinal stator and longitudinal mover, ensuring smooth and stable sliding movement, improving the operating accuracy of the equipment, reducing the probability of failure, and effectively extending the service life of the core transmission components.

[0018] Preferably, the base has two sliding cavities, which are arranged along the length of the base. Two sliding openings are formed between the two sliding cavities and the two discharge grooves, which are used to connect the sliding cavities and the discharge grooves. Two first screws are rotatably connected inside the two sliding cavities. The ends of the two first screws near the protective seat pass through the base. A first drive motor is provided at the ends of the two first screws, which are used to drive the first screws to rotate. Two sliding blocks are slidably connected to the two first screws. The sliding blocks pass through the sliding openings and are disposed in the discharge grooves. Two first push plates are hinged to the two sliding blocks, which are used to push out production debris and cooling liquid generated during processing.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, during the pushing process, the rotation of the first screw drives the sliding block to slide, and the sliding block synchronously drives the first pusher plate to move. When too much debris accumulates in front, the side of the first pusher plate near the discharge chute is blocked by resistance, causing the first pusher plate to tilt in the direction of the resistance. The side of the first pusher plate away from the discharge chute forms a downward pressure on the waste, thereby pushing the waste out of the discharge chute.

[0020] Preferably, a pusher seat is slidably connected inside the discharge trough, and a pusher plate cavity is opened on the inner side of the pusher seat; an insert block is integrally formed at one end of the first pusher plate near the discharge trough, the insert block is inserted into the pusher plate cavity, and a telescopic tension spring is assembled between the pusher plate cavity and the insert block, the telescopic tension spring being used to limit the distance between the pusher seat and the first pusher plate.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, during the material pushing operation, the pusher seat can slide flexibly along the discharge chute, always maintaining a close fit with the discharge chute, preventing waste material from overflowing from the bottom of the first pusher plate, eliminating waste residue, and ensuring thorough cleaning with each push. Simultaneously, under the elastic limiting action of the tension spring, the distance between the pusher seat and the first pusher plate can be stabilized, preventing the plug-in block from dislodging from the pusher plate cavity due to waste resistance, ensuring stable and reliable operation of the pusher structure.

[0022] Preferably, a second pusher plate is installed on the longitudinal slide block, the second pusher plate is arranged along the length direction of the longitudinal slide block, and a plurality of pusher blocks are hinged to the second pusher plate. A plurality of T-shaped grooves are evenly spaced on the longitudinal slide block, and the plurality of T-shaped grooves are slidably connected to the plurality of pusher blocks. The pusher blocks are used to push out the machining debris and coolant in the T-shaped grooves. A plurality of limiting grooves are provided on the longitudinal slide block, and the plurality of limiting grooves are connected to the plurality of T-shaped grooves. The limiting grooves are used to limit the maximum pushing stroke of the pusher blocks.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the second pusher plate cleans and scrapes away machining debris and coolant from the surface of the longitudinal slide block, and the pusher block cleans and scrapes away machining debris and coolant from the T-slot, effectively preventing debris accumulation. When the pusher block moves to its limit stroke position, the second pusher plate can rotate through the hinge, ensuring stable and smooth machining operations.

[0024] Preferably, a second driving cavity is provided on the inner wall of the T-shaped groove near the support base. The second driving cavity is connected to the T-shaped groove. A second driving member is installed in the second driving cavity. The second driving member is used to drive the pusher block to reciprocate along the width direction of the longitudinal slide block.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, the second driving component directly drives the pusher block, the transmission structure is simple and compact, the response is faster, the pusher block slides smoothly, and the material cleaning operation can be completed stably, effectively improving the overall chip removal effect and enhancing the reliability of equipment operation.

[0026] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. During operation, the workpiece is first loaded into the loading chamber and placed on the longitudinal slide block for secure mounting. After loading, the CNC program is activated. The transverse, longitudinal, and vertical drive structures drive the transverse, longitudinal, and vertical slide blocks in a three-axis linkage, precisely adjusting the working position of the turning drill to ensure accurate alignment with the workpiece machining area. The coordinated operation of these drive structures enables automated three-axis machining of the workpiece. The loading and unloading chambers effectively expand the loading and unloading operation range, simplify the loading and unloading process, reduce operational difficulty, and significantly improve workpiece changing efficiency and overall production efficiency. 2. During the material pushing operation, the pusher seat can slide flexibly along the discharge chute, always maintaining a tight fit with the discharge chute to prevent waste material from overflowing from the bottom of the first pusher plate, eliminating waste residue and ensuring thorough cleaning with each push. Simultaneously, the elastic limiting action of the tension spring stabilizes the distance between the pusher seat and the first pusher plate, preventing the insert block from dislodging from the pusher plate cavity due to waste resistance, thus ensuring stable and reliable operation of the pusher structure. 3. The two dust covers slide synchronously with the longitudinal slide block, thus providing complete shielding and protection for the longitudinal slide cavity throughout the entire movement process. The debris and coolant generated during processing can slide directly down the dust covers into the discharge chute, where they can be cleaned by the staff. The dust covers can effectively prevent dust, debris, and moisture from entering the longitudinal slide cavity, avoiding jamming and corrosion of precision moving parts such as the longitudinal stator and longitudinal mover, ensuring smooth and stable sliding movement, improving equipment operating accuracy, reducing the probability of failure, and effectively extending the service life of core transmission components. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a semi-open three-axis machining center according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of Embodiment 1 of this application, mainly illustrating the longitudinal stator and longitudinal mover structure; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the vertical drive screw structure, as shown in Embodiment 1 of this application. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the tool magazine slide bar, which is the main feature of Embodiment 1 of this application. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the main structure of the discharge trough in Embodiment 2 of this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of Embodiment 2 of this application, mainly illustrating the first pusher plate; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the T-groove structure, as shown in Embodiment 2 of this application. Figure 8 for Figure 7 An enlarged schematic diagram of part A in the middle; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the limiting groove structure, which is the main feature of Embodiment 2 of this application. Reference numerals: 1. Baffle plate; 2. Chain-type tool magazine; 3. Waterproof curtain; 4. Baffle cavity; 5. Longitudinal slide; 6. Dustproof cover; 7. Base; 8. Loading cavity; 9. Vertical slide; 10. Transverse slide; 11. Transverse mover; 12. Transverse stator; 13. Support base; 14. Tank chain; 15. Machining cavity; 16. Unloading cavity; 17. Longitudinal slide cavity; 18. Longitudinal slider; 19. Longitudinal mover; 20. Longitudinal stator; 21. Discharge chute; 22. Vertical drive motor; 23. Vertical drive screw ; 24. Screw sleeve; 25. Extension spring; 26. Second pusher plate; 27. Protective seat; 28. Pusher block; 29. ​​Protective cavity; 30. Limiting groove; 31. First drive motor; 32. First screw; 33. Sliding block; 34. First pusher plate; 35. T-slot; 36. Sliding port; 37. Sliding cavity; 38. Pusher seat; 39. Pusher plate cavity; 40. Insertion block; 41. Drive cylinder; 42. Tool holder slide rod; 43. Tool holder slider; 44. Second drive component; 45. Second drive cavity. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1 - Figure 9 This application will be described in further detail.

[0029] This application discloses a semi-open three-axis machining center.

[0030] Example 1 Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2A semi-open three-axis machining center includes a base 7, a support seat 13 mounted on the base 7, a transverse slide 10 slidably connected to the support seat 13, a transverse drive structure for driving the transverse slide 10 to slide, the transverse slide 10 sliding laterally along the X-axis, a vertical slide 9 slidably connected to the transverse slide 10, the vertical slide 9 sliding along the Z-axis, a vertical drive structure for driving the vertical slide 9, and a turning drill mounted at the bottom of the vertical slide 9 for turning the workpiece; the support seat... A machining cavity 15 for machining the workpiece is formed between the support base 13 and the base 7. A longitudinal slide 5 for clamping the workpiece is installed within the machining cavity 15. The longitudinal slide 5 slides along the Y-axis. A longitudinal drive structure for driving the longitudinal slide 5 is installed on the base 7. A loading cavity 8 for loading is opened at the end of the base 7 away from the support base 13. A unloading cavity 16 for unloading is opened between the base 7 and the support base 13. A tool changing cavity is opened on the side of the base 7 away from the unloading cavity 16. A chain-type tool magazine 2 is installed in the tool changing cavity for changing cutting tools. The loading cavity 8 and the unloading cavity 16 provide sufficiently large loading or unloading space for the workpiece, facilitating workpiece loading and unloading operations and improving the overall operating efficiency and processing efficiency of the equipment.

[0031] Reference Figure 3 A protective seat 27 is installed on the side of the support base 13 away from the longitudinal slide 5. A protective cavity 29 is opened in the protective seat 27, and a tank chain 14 is installed in the protective cavity 29. The protective cavity 29 is connected to the processing cavity 15. One end of the tank chain 14 is fixedly connected to the longitudinal slide 5, and the other end is installed in the protective cavity 29. The protective cavity 29 is used to accommodate and protect the tank chain 14, providing sufficient displacement space for the tank chain 14 to reciprocate with the longitudinal slide 5. The tank chain 14 can form an orderly storage and directional constraint on the internal cables. The tank chain 14 moves synchronously with the longitudinal slide 5 to prevent the cables from being excessively bent, pulled or tangled, while blocking dust and debris from entering, ensuring the service life of the cables and the movement accuracy of the equipment, and improving the overall layout neatness and maintenance convenience.

[0032] A baffle plate 1 is installed on the base 7. A baffle cavity 4 is opened on the baffle plate 1. A waterproof curtain 3 is installed in the baffle cavity 4. The chain-type tool magazine 2 is set through the baffle cavity 4. This structural design can effectively isolate machining chips, dust and cutting fluid, avoid corrosion and wear of moving parts such as tool magazine chain, reduce jamming failures, reduce the frequency of daily maintenance and maintenance costs, ensure continuous and stable machining of machine tool, and improve the reliability of the whole machine operation.

[0033] Reference Figure 4The chain tool magazine 2 has a tool magazine base installed at its bottom, which is slidably connected to the chain tool magazine 2. Two tool holder slide rods 42 are mounted on the tool magazine base, extending along the length of the chain tool magazine 2. Multiple tool holder sliders 43 are mounted at the bottom of the chain tool magazine 2, sliding in conjunction with the tool holder slide rods 42. A drive cylinder 41 is mounted on the tool magazine base, driving the chain tool magazine 2 to slide along the length of the tool holder slide rods 42. When a tool change is needed, the drive cylinder 41 drives the chain tool magazine 2 to slide, causing the chain tool magazine 2 and the transverse slide block 10 to slide relative to each other in a direction of closer proximity. This effectively reduces tool change time, improves tool change efficiency, and thus enhances machining efficiency.

[0034] The transverse drive structure includes a row of transverse stators 12 mounted on the support base 13. A row of transverse movers 11 is mounted on the side of the transverse slide 10 near the transverse stators 12. The transverse movers 11 and the transverse stators 12 are electromagnetically coupled to realize the sliding movement of the transverse slide 10. The vertical drive structure includes a vertical drive cavity opened on the transverse slide 10. A vertical drive screw 23 is installed in the vertical drive cavity. A vertical drive motor 22 is installed at the end of the vertical drive screw 23 away from the base 7. The vertical drive motor 22 drives the vertical drive screw 23 to rotate. A screw sleeve 24 is sleeved on the vertical drive screw 23. The screw sleeve 24 is fixedly installed on the vertical slide 9. The screw sleeve 24 slides vertically on the screw, thereby driving the vertical slide 9 to perform vertical reciprocating sliding movement. The longitudinal drive structure includes a longitudinal slider 18 mounted on the bottom of the longitudinal slide block 5, and a longitudinal slide cavity 17 on the base 7 that slides and engages with the longitudinal slider 18. Two rows of longitudinal stators 20 are installed within the longitudinal slide cavity 17. Two rows of longitudinal movers 19 are mounted on both ends of the longitudinal slider 18 near the two rows of longitudinal stators 20. The longitudinal movers 19 and the longitudinal stators 20 are electromagnetically engaged to achieve the sliding of the longitudinal slide block 5. Both the transverse slide block 10 and the longitudinal slide block 5 are driven by direct-drive motors, resulting in high transmission efficiency, precise positioning, and rapid dynamic response. The vertical drive screw 23 drives the vertical slide block 9 to slide vertically, resulting in a simple structure, convenient assembly and maintenance, faster dynamic response, and higher structural stability.

[0035] Two dustproof covers 6 are slidably connected to the base 7. Each dustproof cover 6 is composed of multiple dustproof sheets that overlap and cooperate to form a retractable and sliding structure. The two ends of the longitudinal slide block 5 are fixedly connected to the two dustproof covers 6 respectively. The two dustproof covers 6 cover the longitudinal sliding cavity 17 and slide synchronously with the longitudinal slide block 5, thus providing complete shielding and protection for the longitudinal sliding cavity 17 throughout the entire movement. Two discharge grooves 21 are provided on the base 7. The two discharge grooves 21 are located on both sides of the longitudinal sliding cavity 17 and extend along the length of the base 7. The discharge trough 21 extends in the direction and is set through the base 7 at one end near the protective seat 27. It can receive the debris and cooling liquid generated during the processing, so that the production waste flows into the discharge trough 21 along the outer wall of the dust cover 6. The dust cover 6 can effectively block dust, debris and water vapor from entering the interior of the longitudinal sliding cavity 17, avoid jamming and corrosion of precision moving parts such as the longitudinal stator 20 and the longitudinal mover 19, ensure smooth and stable sliding movement, improve the operating accuracy of the equipment, reduce the probability of failure, and effectively extend the service life of the core transmission components.

[0036] The implementation principle of a semi-open three-axis machining center according to this application embodiment is as follows: During operation, the workpiece to be processed is placed on the longitudinal slide 5 and fixedly installed; the opening of the material cavity provides sufficient operating space for loading and unloading. Before starting the equipment, it is necessary to check whether the telescopic part of the dust cover 6 is normal, and ensure that it will not jam when it moves with the longitudinal slide 5. After loading is completed, the preset CNC program is started, and each slide moves under the drive of the corresponding drive component, adjusting its position according to the workpiece processing requirements, and cooperating to complete the three-axis linkage machining of the workpiece. During the processing, the chips and coolant generated by cutting will flow directly into the discharge trough 21 along the outer wall of the dust cover 6. After the waste in the discharge trough 21 reaches a certain height, it is cleaned by the staff. When the equipment is running, the cable in the tank chain 14 is perfectly protected, neither corroded by coolant nor contaminated by cutting chips, effectively extending the service life of the cable. If tool replacement is required during processing, it can be fully automated via the chain-type tool magazine 2. The waterproof curtain 3 inside the material-holding chamber 4 effectively protects the tool heads on the chain-type tool magazine 2 from contamination by coolant and other contaminants, extending tool head life and reducing costs. After processing, each slide returns to its original position, the fixed seat releases the workpiece, and the operator quickly unloads the workpiece, achieving continuous and efficient processing. Throughout the entire processing process, all protective components work together to effectively protect the cables and the chain-type tool magazine 2, ensuring stable equipment operation and successful precision machining of the workpiece. The material chamber design expands the operating space of the robotic arm, making workpiece loading and unloading operations more convenient and improving the overall operating efficiency and processing production efficiency of the equipment.

[0037] Example 2 Referring to Figure 5, the difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that two sliding cavities 37 are formed on the base 7, and the two sliding cavities 37 are arranged along the length of the base 7. Two sliding openings 36 are formed between the two sliding cavities 37 and the two discharge grooves 21, and the sliding openings 36 are used to connect the sliding cavities 37 and the discharge grooves 21. Two first screws 32 are rotatably connected inside the two sliding cavities 37. The ends of the two first screws 32 near the protective seat 27 pass through the base 7 and are each equipped with a first drive motor 31, which drives the first screws 32 to rotate. Two sliding blocks 33 are slidably connected to the two first screws 32. The sliding blocks 33 pass through the sliding openings 36 and are set in the discharge grooves 21. Two first push plates 34 are hinged to the two sliding blocks 33, and the first push plates 34 are used to push out production debris and cooling liquid generated during processing. During the pushing process, the rotation of the first screws 32 drives the sliding blocks 33 to slide, and the sliding blocks 33 synchronously drive the first push plates 34 to move. When too much debris accumulates in front, the side of the first pusher plate 34 closest to the discharge trough 21 is blocked by resistance, causing the first pusher plate 34 to tilt in the direction of the resistance. The side of the first pusher plate 34 away from the discharge trough 21 exerts downward pressure on the waste, thereby pushing the waste out of the discharge trough 21.

[0038] Reference Figure 6 A pusher seat 38 is slidably connected inside the discharge trough 21, and a pusher plate cavity 39 is formed on the inner side of the pusher seat 38. A rectangular insert block 40 is integrally formed at one end of the first pusher plate 34 near the discharge trough 21, and the insert block 40 is inserted into the pusher plate cavity 39. A telescopic spring 25 is installed between the pusher plate cavity 39 and the insert block 40, limiting the distance between the pusher seat 38 and the first pusher plate 34. During the pushing operation, the pusher seat 38 can slide flexibly along the discharge trough 21, always maintaining a tight fit with the discharge trough 21, preventing waste material from overflowing from the bottom of the first pusher plate 34, eliminating waste residue, and ensuring thorough cleaning with each pushing operation. Meanwhile, under the elastic limiting action of the extension spring 25, the distance between the pusher seat 38 and the first pusher plate 34 can be stabilized, preventing the plug block 40 from being dislodged from the pusher plate cavity 39 due to the resistance of the waste material, thus ensuring the stable and reliable operation of the pusher structure.

[0039] Reference Figure 7A second pusher plate 26 is mounted on the longitudinal slide 5. The second pusher plate 26 is a rectangular plate and is arranged along the length of the longitudinal slide 5. Multiple pusher blocks 28 are hinged to the second pusher plate 26. The pusher blocks 28 are T-shaped. Multiple T-shaped grooves 35 are evenly spaced on the longitudinal slide 5. The multiple T-shaped grooves 35 are slidably connected to the multiple pusher blocks 28. The pusher blocks 28 are used to discharge machining debris and coolant from the T-shaped grooves. Multiple limiting grooves 30 are provided on the longitudinal slide 5. The multiple limiting grooves 30 are connected to the multiple T-shaped grooves. The limiting grooves 30 are used to limit the maximum pushing stroke of the pusher blocks 28 and prevent the pusher blocks 28 from slipping off. The second pusher plate 26 cleans and scrapes away machining debris and coolant from the surface of the longitudinal slide 5, and the pusher blocks 28 clean and scrape away machining debris and coolant from the T-shaped grooves 35, effectively preventing debris accumulation. When the pusher block 28 moves to its limit stroke position, the second pusher plate 26 can rotate through the hinge to ensure that the processing procedure is stable and smooth.

[0040] Reference Figure 8 and Figure 9 A second driving cavity 45 is formed on the inner wall of the T-shaped groove 35 near the support base 13. The second driving cavity 45 is connected to the T-shaped groove 35, and a second driving component 44 is installed in the second driving cavity 45. The second driving component 44 is used to drive the pusher block 28 to reciprocate sliding along the width direction of the longitudinal slide block 5. The pusher block 28 is directly driven by the second driving component 44. The transmission structure is simple and compact, the response is more sensitive, the pusher block 28 slides smoothly and has high guiding accuracy, which can stably complete the cleaning operation, effectively improve the overall chip removal effect, and enhance the reliability of equipment operation.

[0041] The implementation principle of Example 2 is as follows: During the workpiece processing, the equipment continuously generates processing debris and cooling waste liquid. Some debris will fall onto the T-slot 35 and the upper surface of the longitudinal slide block 5. When debris and waste liquid accumulate in the discharge trough 21, the first drive motor 31 drives the first screw 32 to rotate, thereby driving the sliding block 33 and the first pusher plate 34 to slide and push the material along the length of the discharge trough 21. During the pushing operation, the pusher seat 38 can slide flexibly along the discharge trough 21, always keeping it in close contact with the discharge trough 21 to prevent waste from overflowing from the bottom of the first pusher plate 34, eliminating waste residue and ensuring thorough cleaning of each push. When debris and waste liquid remain on the surface of the longitudinal slide block 5 and in the T-slot 35, the second drive component 44 drives the pusher block 28 to slide back and forth along the T-slot 35 to clean the debris and coolant in the trough. At the same time, the second pusher plate 26 scrapes off and discharges the waste material and waste liquid from the surface of the longitudinal slide block 5. When the pusher block 28 reaches its limit stroke, the second pusher plate 26 can rotate along the hinge to avoid it, ensuring smooth operation of the machining process. The entire machining center can simultaneously complete automated chip removal and contamination removal during the machining process, effectively preventing waste accumulation and maintaining long-term stable operation of the equipment.

[0042] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A semi-open three-axis machining center, characterized in that: Includes a base (7), on which a support seat (13) is provided, and a transverse slide (10) is slidably connected to the support seat (13). The transverse slide (10) is provided with a transverse drive structure for driving the transverse slide (10) to slide. The transverse slide (10) slides laterally along the X-axis direction. A vertical slide (9) is slidably connected to the transverse slide (10) and slides along the Z-axis direction. The vertical slide (9) is provided with a vertical drive structure for driving the vertical slide (9) to slide. A turning drill is installed at the bottom of the vertical slide (9), and the turning drill is used to perform turning operations on the workpiece to be processed. The support seat (13) and the base (7) are connected to the support seat (13). 7) A machining cavity (15) for machining the workpiece to be machined is formed between the two sides. A longitudinal slide (5) for clamping the workpiece to be machined is installed in the machining cavity (15). The longitudinal slide (5) slides along the Y-axis. A longitudinal drive structure for driving the longitudinal slide (5) to slide is provided on the base (7). A loading cavity (8) for loading is opened at one end of the base (7) away from the support (13). A unloading cavity (16) for unloading is opened between the base (7) and the support (13). A tool changing cavity is opened on the side of the base (7) away from the unloading cavity (16). A chain tool magazine (2) is provided in the tool changing cavity. The chain tool magazine (2) is used to change tools.

2. The semi-open three-axis machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: A protective seat (27) is installed on the side of the support base (13) away from the longitudinal slide (5). A protective cavity (29) is opened in the protective seat (27). A tank chain (14) is installed in the protective cavity (29). The protective cavity (29) is connected to the processing cavity (15). One end of the tank chain (14) is fixedly connected to the longitudinal slide (5), and the other end is installed in the protective cavity (29).

3. A semi-open three-axis machining center according to claim 2, characterized in that: A baffle plate (1) is provided on the base (7), and a baffle cavity (4) is provided on the baffle plate (1). A waterproof curtain (3) is provided inside the baffle cavity (4), and the chain-type tool magazine (2) is provided through the baffle cavity (4).

4. A semi-open three-axis machining center according to claim 3, characterized in that: The chain tool magazine (2) is equipped with a tool magazine base at its bottom. The tool magazine base is slidably connected to the chain tool magazine (2). Two tool holder slide rods (42) are provided on the tool magazine base. The two tool holder slide rods (42) are arranged along the length direction of the chain tool magazine (2). Multiple tool holder sliders (43) are provided at the bottom of the chain tool magazine (2). The tool holder sliders (43) are slidably engaged with the tool holder slide rods (42). A drive cylinder (41) is installed on the tool magazine base. The drive cylinder (41) is used to drive the chain tool magazine (2) to slide along the length direction of the tool holder slide rods (42).

5. A semi-open three-axis machining center according to claim 4, characterized in that: The transverse drive structure includes a row of transverse stators (12) disposed on the support base (13), and a row of transverse movers (11) disposed on the side of the transverse slide (10) near the transverse stators (12). The transverse movers (11) are electromagnetically coupled with the transverse stators (12) to realize the sliding movement of the transverse slide (10). The vertical drive structure includes a vertical drive cavity opened on the transverse slide (10), and the vertical drive cavity is provided with... A vertical drive screw (23) is provided at one end away from the base (7), and a vertical drive motor (22) is provided at the end of the vertical drive screw (23) to drive the vertical drive screw (23) to rotate. A screw sleeve (24) is provided on the vertical drive screw (23), and the screw sleeve (24) is fixedly installed on the vertical slide (9). The screw sleeve (24) is used to drive the vertical slide (9) to perform vertical reciprocating sliding motion. The longitudinal drive structure includes a longitudinal slider (18) mounted on the bottom of the longitudinal slide block (5), and a longitudinal sliding cavity (17) provided on the base (7) to slide and cooperate with the longitudinal slider (18). Two rows of longitudinal stators (20) are installed in the longitudinal sliding cavity (17). Two rows of longitudinal movers (19) are provided on both ends of the longitudinal slider (18) near the two rows of longitudinal stators (20). The longitudinal movers (19) are electromagnetically cooperated with the longitudinal stators (20) to realize the sliding of the longitudinal slide block (5).

6. A semi-open three-axis machining center according to claim 5, characterized in that: Two dustproof covers (6) are slidably connected to the base (7). The two ends of the longitudinal slide (5) are fixedly connected to the two dustproof covers (6) respectively. The two dustproof covers (6) cover the longitudinal slide cavity (17). Two discharge grooves (21) are opened on the base (7). The two discharge grooves (21) are located on both sides of the longitudinal slide cavity (17). The two discharge grooves (21) extend along the length of the base (7). The end of the two discharge grooves (21) near the protective seat (27) passes through the base (7).

7. A semi-open three-axis machining center according to claim 6, characterized in that: Two sliding cavities (37) are provided on the base (7), and the two sliding cavities (37) are arranged along the length direction of the base (7). Two sliding openings (36) are formed between the two sliding cavities (37) and the two discharge grooves (21). The sliding openings (36) are used to connect the sliding cavities (37) and the discharge grooves (21). Two first screws (32) are rotatably connected inside the two sliding cavities (37). The two first screws (32) are set through the base (7) at one end near the protective seat (27). Each of the two first screws (32) is provided with a first drive motor (31) at its end. The first drive motor (31) is used to drive the first screw (32) to rotate. Two sliding blocks (33) are slidably connected to the two first screws (32). The sliding blocks (33) are disposed in the discharge groove (21) through the sliding port (36). Two first push plates (34) are hinged to the two sliding blocks (33). The first push plates (34) are used to push out the production debris and cooling liquid generated during the processing.

8. A semi-open three-axis machining center according to claim 7, characterized in that: A pusher seat (38) is slidably connected inside the discharge groove (21), and a pusher plate cavity (39) is opened inside the pusher seat (38); a plug-in block (40) is integrally formed at one end of the first pusher plate (34) near the discharge groove (21), the plug-in block (40) is plugged into the pusher plate cavity (39), and a telescopic spring (25) is assembled between the pusher plate cavity (39) and the plug-in block (40), the telescopic spring (25) is used to limit the distance between the pusher seat (38) and the first pusher plate (34).

9. A semi-open three-axis machining center according to claim 8, characterized in that: A second pusher plate (26) is installed on the longitudinal slide (5). The second pusher plate (26) is arranged along the length direction of the longitudinal slide (5). A plurality of pusher blocks (28) are hinged to the second pusher plate (26). A plurality of T-shaped grooves (35) are evenly spaced on the longitudinal slide (5). The plurality of T-shaped grooves (35) are slidably connected to the plurality of pusher blocks (28). The pusher blocks (28) are used to push out the machining debris and coolant in the T-shaped grooves (35). A plurality of limiting grooves (30) are opened on the longitudinal slide (5). The plurality of limiting grooves (30) are connected to the plurality of T-shaped grooves (35). The limiting grooves (30) are used to limit the maximum pushing stroke of the pusher blocks (28).

10. A semi-open three-axis machining center according to claim 9, characterized in that: A second driving cavity (45) is provided on the inner wall of the T-shaped groove (35) near the support base (13). The second driving cavity (45) is connected to the T-shaped groove (35). A second driving member (44) is installed in the second driving cavity (45). The second driving member (44) is used to drive the pusher block (28) to reciprocate along the width direction of the longitudinal slide (5).

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