High-precision special-shaped refractory brick wood mold limiting tool and clamping positioning method

Abstract

The application discloses a high-precision special-shaped refractory brick wood mold limiting tool and clamping positioning method, and relates to the technical field of refractory brick wood mold processing positioning. The tool comprises a base, a reference bottom plate, an X-direction positioning assembly, an X-direction clamping assembly, a Y-direction positioning assembly, a Y-direction clamping assembly, a controller and two laser displacement sensors; the X-direction clamping assembly is provided with an elastic self-adaptive compensation structure, and the positioning assembly is driven by a motor lead screw. The method adopts the tool, and clamping is completed through positioning, clamping and pressing down; the laser displacement sensor detects the position in real time, and the elastic structure can compensate for the slight size error of the wood mold. The application is accurate in positioning, stable in clamping, suitable for special-shaped wood mold processing, solves the problems of low clamping precision and poor adaptability of traditional clamping, and improves processing efficiency and quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of refractory brick forming and processing tooling technology, and in particular to a high-precision wooden mold limiting tooling and clamping and positioning method for irregularly shaped refractory bricks. Background Technology

[0002] In the processing of irregular refractory brick wooden molds, the clamping and positioning accuracy of the wooden molds directly affects the subsequent processing quality. Its processing requirements are fundamentally different from those of irregular sheet metal parts, and existing positioning technologies and related tooling cannot meet the special requirements of wooden mold processing.

[0003] Patent CN222134698U discloses a positioning fixture for processing irregularly shaped sheet metal parts. This fixture is designed for irregularly shaped sheet metal parts and adopts a ring array positioning component. It can adapt to sheet metal parts with different configurations through detachable clamps. The driving part adopts cylinder drive. The core solution is to provide a variety of fixtures for sheet metal parts with different configurations. However, the tooling in this patent has significant limitations in meeting the processing requirements of irregularly shaped refractory brick wooden molds targeted in this application, and cannot be directly applied to wooden mold positioning: First, the tooling lacks a precise displacement detection and closed-loop adjustment mechanism, resulting in low positioning accuracy and failing to meet the high-precision processing requirements of wooden molds; Second, its detachable clamping plates can only adapt to sheet metal of different configurations, lacking an elastic adaptive compensation structure, and cannot cope with the small dimensional errors on the sides of the wooden mold and the easy deformation characteristics of the wooden mold, which can easily lead to loosening or damage of the wooden mold clamping; Third, its driving and control methods are simple, with low automation, and the clamping process requires manual intervention to adjust the clamping plates, making it difficult to adapt to the batch processing requirements of wooden molds; Fourth, the tooling does not have a vertical clamping structure, resulting in insufficient clamping stability and failing to cope with vibration and displacement during the processing of wooden molds.

[0004] Besides the aforementioned disclosed patents, existing clamping methods for irregularly shaped refractory brick wooden molds mostly employ traditional manual positioning or simple tooling clamping, which also suffer from problems such as coarse positioning, poor adaptability, and low automation. This invention addresses the limitations of the disclosed patents and the shortcomings of traditional clamping methods by providing a high-precision, highly adaptable limiting tooling and clamping positioning method for irregularly shaped refractory brick wooden molds. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the limitations of existing irregular workpiece positioning fixtures in meeting the high-precision, damage-resistant, highly stable, and automated clamping requirements of irregular refractory brick wooden molds, this invention proposes a high-precision limiting fixture and clamping positioning method for irregular refractory brick wooden molds.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] The fixture includes a base, on which a reference base plate is fixedly connected; the reference base plate is provided with an X-axis positioning component and an X-axis clamping component at both ends along the X-axis, and with a Y-axis positioning component and a Y-axis clamping component on both sides along the Y-axis; the fixture also includes a controller, a first laser displacement sensor, and a second laser displacement sensor; the controller is electrically connected to the X-axis positioning component, the X-axis clamping component, the Y-axis positioning component, the Y-axis clamping component, the first laser displacement sensor, and the second laser displacement sensor; the X-axis clamping component is provided with an elastic adaptive compensation structure, and the X-axis positioning component and the Y-axis positioning component are driven by a motor and screw to achieve precise displacement adjustment.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the X-axis positioning assembly includes an X-axis drive motor, two X-axis positioning guide rails, an X-axis positioning screw, an X-axis positioning slider, an X-axis positioning coupling, an X-axis reference plate, a first longitudinal pressing cylinder, a first bearing seat, and a first pressing block. The X-axis drive motor, the first bearing seat, and the two X-axis positioning guide rails are all fixed to the upper part of the base. The two X-axis positioning guide rails are respectively located on both sides of the first end of the reference base plate. The X-axis positioning screw is mounted between the two X-axis positioning guide rails and one end is supported by the first bearing seat. The X-axis positioning slider is slidably connected to the two X-axis positioning guide rails and threadedly connected to the X-axis positioning screw. The output shaft of the X-axis drive motor is driven by the X-axis positioning screw through the X-axis positioning coupling. The X-axis reference plate is fixed to the upper part of the X-axis positioning slider. The first longitudinal pressing cylinder is vertically fixed to the upper part of the X-axis reference plate. The piston rod of the first longitudinal pressing cylinder is vertically downward and the end is fixed with a first pressing block.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the X-axis clamping assembly includes two X-axis clamping guide rails, an X-axis clamping slider, an X-axis clamping cylinder, an L-shaped elastic base, a parallel elastic pressure rod, an X-axis abutment block, a second longitudinal pressing cylinder, a compression spring, and a second pressing block. The two X-axis clamping guide rails are fixed parallel to each other on the upper part of the base and are respectively located on both sides of the second end of the reference base plate. The X-axis clamping slider is slidably connected to the X-axis clamping guide rails. The X-axis clamping cylinder is fixed to the side of the base and its piston rod is fixedly connected to the X-axis clamping slider. The L-shaped elastic base is fixed to the upper part of the X-axis clamping slider. The parallel elastic pressure rod is slidably assembled in the mounting hole of the L-shaped elastic base. The compression spring is located between the parallel elastic pressure rod and the bottom of the mounting hole to form an elastic adaptive compensation structure. The ends of the parallel elastic pressure rods on the same L-shaped elastic base are connected to the X-axis abutment block. The second longitudinal pressing cylinder is vertically fixed to the upper part of the X-axis abutment block. The piston rod of the second longitudinal pressing cylinder is vertically downward and its end is fixed with a second pressing block.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the Y-axis positioning assembly includes a Y-axis drive motor, two Y-axis positioning guide rails, a Y-axis positioning screw, a Y-axis positioning slider, a Y-axis reference seat, a Y-axis positioning coupling, and a second bearing seat. The Y-axis drive motor, the two Y-axis positioning guide rails, and the two second bearing seats are all fixed to the upper part of the base. The two Y-axis positioning guide rails are respectively located at both ends of the first side of the reference base plate. The Y-axis positioning screw is mounted between the two Y-axis positioning guide rails and is supported at both ends by the second bearing seats. The Y-axis positioning slider is slidably connected to the Y-axis positioning guide rails and threadedly connected to the Y-axis positioning screw. The output shaft of the Y-axis drive motor is connected to the Y-axis positioning screw through the Y-axis positioning coupling, and the Y-axis reference seat is fixed to the upper part of the Y-axis positioning slider.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the Y-axis clamping assembly includes two Y-axis clamping guide rails, a Y-axis clamping slider, a Y-axis clamping cylinder, and a Y-axis elastic pressure block; the two Y-axis clamping guide rails are fixed parallel to each other on the upper part of the base and are respectively located at both ends of the second side of the reference base plate; the Y-axis clamping slider is slidably connected to the Y-axis clamping guide rails; the Y-axis clamping cylinder is fixed to the side of the base and the piston rod is fixedly connected to the Y-axis clamping slider; and the Y-axis elastic pressure block is fixed to the upper part of the Y-axis clamping slider.

[0012] This invention also provides a high-precision method for clamping and positioning irregularly shaped refractory brick wooden molds. Using the aforementioned high-precision irregularly shaped refractory brick wooden mold limiting fixture, the method includes the following steps: S1. The controller drives the X-axis drive motor and the Y-axis drive motor to operate according to the preset size parameters of the irregularly shaped refractory brick wooden mold to be processed, moving the X-axis reference plate and the Y-axis reference seat to the preset positioning position; S2. The wooden mold to be processed is placed on the upper surface of the reference base plate, so that the adjacent two sides of the wooden mold are respectively in contact with the positioning surfaces of the X-axis reference plate and the Y-axis reference seat; S3. The controller controls the X-axis clamping cylinder to extend, driving the X-axis clamping slider to move along the X-axis clamping guide rail, so that the X-axis abutment block abuts against the corresponding side of the wooden mold; S4. The controller controls the Y-axis clamping cylinder to extend, driving the Y-axis clamping slider to move along the Y-axis clamping guide rail, so that the Y-axis elastic pressure block abuts against the other corresponding side of the wooden mold; S5. The controller simultaneously controls the first longitudinal pressing cylinder and the second longitudinal pressing cylinder to extend, pressing and fixing the wooden mold onto the upper surface of the reference base plate, completing the clamping and positioning.

[0013] In step S1, the first laser displacement sensor detects the position of the X-axis reference plate in real time, and the second laser displacement sensor detects the position of the Y-axis reference seat in real time. The detection signals are fed back to the controller. The controller adjusts the rotation of the X-axis drive motor and the Y-axis drive motor in a closed loop according to the position feedback signal, so that the positioning accuracy of the X-axis and Y-axis is controlled within ±0.02mm.

[0014] In step S3, after the X-direction contact block contacts the wooden mold, the parallel elastic pressure rod squeezes and compresses the spring to produce elastic deformation, automatically compensating for the small dimensional error of 0.5 to 2 mm on the side of the wooden mold.

[0015] After clamping and positioning are completed, the controller sends a start signal to the processing equipment. After processing is completed, the controller first controls the first longitudinal pressing cylinder and the second longitudinal pressing cylinder to retract. After an interval of 0.5 to 1 second, it controls the X-axis clamping cylinder and the Y-axis clamping cylinder to retract. After another interval of 0.5 to 1 second, it controls the X-axis drive motor and the Y-axis drive motor to reset and remove the processed wooden mold.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. Positioning accuracy is significantly improved. Through real-time detection by the laser displacement sensor and closed-loop adjustment by the controller, the positioning accuracy in the X and Y directions can be stably controlled within ±0.02mm, meeting the high-precision processing requirements of irregular refractory brick wooden molds. 2. Strong adaptability: The elastic adaptive compensation structure of the X-axis clamping component can automatically compensate for the minute dimensional error of 0.5 to 2 mm on the side of the wooden mold, avoiding loosening or damage to irregularly shaped wooden molds. 3. Good clamping stability: It adopts a combination of X-axis and Y-axis bidirectional clamping and vertical pressing to effectively prevent the wooden mold from shifting during processing and ensure processing quality; 4. High degree of automation: The controller realizes the timing control of positioning, clamping and resetting, reducing manual operation and improving clamping efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is the front view of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a top view of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a side view of the present invention; In the diagram: 1. Base; 2. X-axis positioning assembly; 3. X-axis clamping assembly; 4. Y-axis positioning assembly; 5. Y-axis clamping assembly; 6. Controller; 7. First laser displacement sensor; 8. Second laser displacement sensor; 11. Reference base plate; 21. X-axis drive motor; 22. X-axis positioning guide rail; 23. X-axis positioning screw; 24. X-axis positioning slider; 25. X-axis positioning coupling; 26. X-axis reference plate; 27. First longitudinal pressing cylinder; 28. First bearing seat; 29. ​​First pressing block; 31. X-axis clamping guide rail; 32. 33. X-axis clamping slider; 34. X-axis clamping cylinder; 35. L-shaped elastic base; 36. Parallel elastic pressure rod; 37. X-axis abutment block; 38. Second longitudinal downward pressure cylinder; 39. Compression spring; 40. Second downward pressure block; 41. Y-axis drive motor; 42. Y-axis positioning guide rail; 43. Y-axis positioning screw; 44. Y-axis positioning slider; 45. Y-axis reference seat; 46. Y-axis positioning coupling; 47. Second bearing seat; 51. Y-axis clamping guide rail; 52. Y-axis clamping slider; 53. Y-axis clamping cylinder; 54. Y-axis elastic pressure block. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0019] In the accompanying drawings, all identical reference numerals refer to the same components. In this invention, the length direction of the base plate is defined as the X-direction, and the width direction is defined as the Y-direction; the two ends of the X-direction are the first end and the second end, and the two sides of the Y-direction are the first side and the second side.

[0020] Example 1 like Figures 1-4 As shown, this embodiment provides a high-precision shaped refractory brick wooden mold limiting fixture and clamping positioning method, which is the basic embodiment of the present invention. It fully realizes all the technical features described in the claims, and focuses on demonstrating the beneficial effects of positioning accuracy, elastic compensation and clamping stability. The structure, connection relationship and function of each part are as follows: The base 1 serves as the installation foundation for the entire tooling. Made of rigid material, it supports all components, ensuring the stability of the overall tooling structure and preventing positioning deviations caused by vibrations during processing. It also provides fundamental support for subsequent high-precision positioning. The reference plate 11 is fixedly connected to the upper part of the base 1. Its surface has been precision-polished and serves as the reference surface for placing the irregularly shaped refractory brick wooden mold to be processed. This ensures the horizontality of the wooden mold after placement and further improves the accuracy of clamping and positioning.

[0021] The X-axis positioning component 2 is located at the first end of the base plate 11 along the X-axis. Its core function is to achieve precise positioning of the wooden mold in the X-axis. The specific structural connection is as follows: Two X-axis positioning guide rails 22 are fixed parallel to each other on the upper part of the base 1 and symmetrically distributed on both sides of the first end of the base plate 11. They provide guidance for the sliding of the X-axis positioning slider 24 and ensure the straightness of the X-axis positioning slider 24 during movement. The X-axis positioning screw 23 is mounted between the two X-axis positioning guide rails 22. One end of the screw is supported by a first bearing seat 28, which is fixed to the upper part of the base 1. The first bearing seat 28 supports the X-axis positioning screw 23 and ensures its smooth rotation, reducing friction loss during rotation. The X-axis positioning slider 24 is slidably connected to the two X-axis positioning guide rails 22 and threadedly connected to the X-axis positioning screw 23 to achieve screw-nut transmission. When the X-axis positioning screw 23 rotates, it can drive the X-axis positioning slider 24 to move linearly along the X-axis positioning guide rails 22. The X-axis drive motor 21 is fixed on the upper part of the base 1. Its output shaft is connected to the X-axis positioning screw 23 through the X-axis positioning coupling 25. The X-axis positioning coupling 25 is used to compensate for the coaxiality deviation between the output shaft of the X-axis drive motor 21 and the X-axis positioning screw 23, ensuring the stability and accuracy of power transmission. The X-axis drive motor 21 provides power to drive the X-axis positioning screw 23 to rotate, thereby driving the X-axis positioning slider 24 to move. The X-axis reference plate 26 is fixed on the upper part of the X-axis positioning slider 24 and moves synchronously with the X-axis positioning slider 24. One side of the plate serves as the positioning reference surface of the wooden mold in the X direction, which is used to fit against the side of the wooden mold to achieve the initial positioning of the wooden mold in the X direction. The first longitudinal pressing cylinder 27 is vertically fixed on the upper part of the X-direction reference plate 26. Its piston rod is vertically downward and the end is fixed with a first pressing block 29. After the wooden mold is positioned, the first longitudinal pressing cylinder 27 extends and drives the first pressing block 29 to move downward, pressing the X-direction end of the wooden mold onto the reference base plate 11, thereby achieving vertical fixation of the wooden mold in the X direction and improving clamping stability.

[0022] The X-axis clamping assembly 3 is located at the second end of the base plate 11 along the X-axis, corresponding to the X-axis positioning assembly 2. It is used to clamp the wooden mold in the X-axis and compensate for minor dimensional errors of the wooden mold through an elastic adaptive compensation structure. The specific structural connection is as follows: Two X-axis clamping guide rails 31 are fixed parallel to each other on the upper part of the base 1 and are respectively located on both sides of the second end of the base plate 11, arranged parallel to the X-axis positioning guide rail 22, providing guidance for the sliding of the X-axis clamping slider 32. The X-axis clamping slider 32 is slidably connected to the X-axis clamping guide rail 31 and can move linearly along the X-axis clamping guide rail 31. The X-axis clamping cylinder 33 is fixed on the side of the base 1, and its piston rod is arranged along the X-axis and fixedly connected to the X-axis clamping slider 32. The X-axis clamping cylinder 33 provides clamping power, pushing the X-axis clamping slider 32 to move towards the wooden mold, thereby realizing the clamping action. The L-shaped elastic base 34 is fixed to the upper part of the X-direction clamping slider 32 and moves synchronously with the X-direction clamping slider 32. It has a mounting hole on its side, in which the parallel elastic pressure rod 35 is slidably fitted and can move axially along the mounting hole. A compression spring 38 is disposed between the parallel elastic pressure rod 35 and the bottom of the mounting hole, with its two ends abutting against the ends of the parallel elastic pressure rod 35 and the bottom of the mounting hole, respectively, forming an elastic adaptive compensation structure. When the parallel elastic pressure rod 35 is subjected to external force, the compression spring 38 can generate elastic deformation, thereby driving the parallel elastic pressure rod 35 to axially extend and retract. The parallel elastic pressure rods 35 on the same L-shaped elastic base 34 are connected at their ends to an X-direction abutment block 36. The X-direction abutment block 36 is used to abut against the side of the wooden mold. When the X-direction clamping slider 32 moves the X-direction abutment block 36 toward the wooden mold and contacts it, the parallel elastic pressure rods 35 are subjected to the reaction force of the wooden mold, which compresses the spring 38 to produce elastic deformation, automatically compensating for the small dimensional error of 0.5 to 2 mm on the side of the wooden mold, avoiding damage from excessive clamping or loosening of the wooden mold, demonstrating the beneficial effect of the strong adaptability of the present invention. The second longitudinal pressing cylinder 37 is vertically fixed on the upper part of the X-direction abutment block 36, with its piston rod pointing vertically downward and a second pressing block 39 fixed at its end. The second pressing block 39 cooperates with the first longitudinal pressing cylinder 27 to achieve vertical clamping at the other end of the wooden mold in the X direction, further improving the clamping stability.

[0023] The Y-axis positioning component 4 is located on the first side of the base plate 11 along the Y direction, used to achieve precise positioning of the wooden mold in the Y direction. Its structure is consistent with the transmission principle of the X-axis positioning component 2, and the specific structural connection is as follows: Two Y-axis positioning guide rails 42 are fixed parallel to each other on the upper part of the base 1, respectively located at both ends of the first side of the base plate 11, providing guidance for the sliding of the Y-axis positioning slider 44. The Y-axis positioning screw 43 is mounted between the two Y-axis positioning guide rails 42, and its two ends are supported by second bearing seats 47 respectively. The second bearing seats 47 are fixed on the upper part of the base 1 to ensure the smooth rotation of the Y-axis positioning screw 43. The Y-axis positioning slider 44 is slidably connected to the Y-axis positioning guide rail 42 and threadedly connected to the Y-axis positioning screw 43 to realize screw-nut transmission. The Y-axis drive motor 41 is fixed on the upper part of the base 1. Its output shaft is connected to the Y-axis positioning screw 43 through the Y-axis positioning coupling 46. The Y-axis positioning coupling 46 compensates for coaxiality deviation. The Y-axis drive motor 41 drives the Y-axis positioning screw 43 to rotate, which in turn moves the Y-axis positioning slider 44 along the Y-axis positioning guide rail 42. The Y-axis reference seat 45 is fixed on the upper part of the Y-axis positioning slider 44. One side of the Y-axis reference seat 45 serves as the Y-axis positioning reference surface of the wooden mold and fits against the other side of the wooden mold to achieve the initial Y-axis positioning of the wooden mold.

[0024] The Y-axis clamping assembly 5 is located on the second side of the base plate 11 along the Y direction, corresponding to the Y-axis positioning assembly 4, and is used to clamp the wooden mold in the Y direction. The specific structural connection is as follows: Two Y-axis clamping guide rails 51 are fixed parallel to each other on the upper part of the base 1, respectively located at both ends of the second side of the base plate 11, and arranged parallel to the Y-axis positioning guide rail 42, providing guidance for the sliding of the Y-axis clamping slider 52. The Y-axis clamping slider 52 is slidably connected to the Y-axis clamping guide rails 51. The Y-axis clamping cylinder 53 is fixed on the side of the base 1, and its piston rod is set along the Y direction and fixedly connected to the Y-axis clamping slider 52. The Y-axis clamping cylinder 53 pushes the Y-axis clamping slider 52 to move towards the wooden mold. The Y-axis elastic pressure block 54 is fixed on the upper part of the Y-axis clamping slider 52. It is made of elastic material and can produce slight elastic deformation when it comes into contact with the side of the wooden mold, avoiding damage to the wooden mold, while further improving the clamping fit and ensuring the stability of the Y-axis clamping.

[0025] The controller 6 is electrically connected to the X-axis drive motor 21, the Y-axis drive motor 41, the X-axis clamping cylinder 33, the Y-axis clamping cylinder 53, the first longitudinal pressing cylinder 27, the second longitudinal pressing cylinder 37, the first laser displacement sensor 7, and the second laser displacement sensor 8, respectively. As the control core of the entire tooling, it achieves fully automated control of the positioning, clamping, pressing, and resetting processes, demonstrating the high degree of automation of this invention. The first laser displacement sensor 7 is used to detect the position of the X-axis reference plate 26 in real time, and the second laser displacement sensor 8 is used to detect the position of the Y-axis reference seat 45 in real time. The detection signals are fed back to the controller 6 in real time. The controller 6 adjusts the rotation of the X-axis drive motor 21 and the Y-axis drive motor 41 in a closed loop according to the difference between the preset size parameters and the feedback signal, stabilizing the X-axis and Y-axis positioning accuracy within ±0.02mm, demonstrating the high positioning accuracy of this invention.

[0026] The clamping and positioning method of this embodiment is as follows: S1, the controller 6 sends a control signal according to the preset size parameters of the irregular refractory brick wooden mold to be processed, driving the X-axis drive motor 21 and the Y-axis drive motor 41 to operate. The X-axis drive motor 21 drives the X-axis positioning screw 23 to rotate through the X-axis positioning coupling 25, thereby driving the X-axis positioning slider 24 and the X-axis reference plate 26 to move to the preset X-axis positioning position; the Y-axis drive motor 41 drives the Y-axis positioning screw 43 to rotate through the Y-axis positioning coupling 46, thereby driving the Y-axis positioning slider 44 and the Y-axis reference seat 45 to move to the preset Y-axis positioning position; during this process, the first laser displacement sensor 7 and the second laser displacement sensor 8 detect the actual position of the X-axis reference plate 26 and the Y-axis reference seat 45 in real time and feed back the signal to the controller 6. The controller 6 performs closed-loop adjustment to ensure that the positioning accuracy meets the standard. S2. Place the wooden mold to be processed on the upper surface of the base plate 11, and adjust the position of the wooden mold so that the adjacent two sides of the wooden mold are tightly fitted with the positioning surfaces of the X-direction base plate 26 and the Y-direction base 45, respectively, to complete the initial positioning of the wooden mold. S3. The controller 6 controls the X-direction clamping cylinder 33 to extend, pushing the X-direction clamping slider 32 to move along the X-direction clamping guide rail 31 towards the wooden mold, causing the X-direction abutment block 36 to abut against the corresponding side of the wooden mold. During the continued movement, the parallel elastic pressure rod 35 compresses the compression spring 38 to produce elastic deformation, automatically compensating for the small dimensional errors of the wooden mold side, and realizing the elastic clamping of the wooden mold in the X direction. S4. The controller 6 controls the Y-direction clamping cylinder 53 to extend, pushing the Y-direction clamping slider 52 to move along the Y-direction clamping guide rail 51 towards the wooden mold, causing the Y-direction elastic pressure block 54 to abut against the other corresponding side of the wooden mold, realizing the clamping of the wooden mold in the Y direction. S5 and controller 6 synchronously control the first longitudinal pressing cylinder 27 and the second longitudinal pressing cylinder 37 to extend, driving the first pressing block 29 and the second pressing block 39 to move downwards, pressing and fixing the wooden mold onto the upper surface of the reference base plate 11, completing the entire clamping and positioning process. After processing, controller 6 controls each component to reset according to a preset timing sequence, facilitating the removal of the processed wooden mold.

[0027] Example 2 Based on Example 1, this embodiment optimizes the structure of the X-axis clamping assembly 3 to further improve the elastic compensation effect and clamping stability. No new part numbers are added; only the connection method of some parts is adjusted, as follows: In this embodiment, two L-shaped elastic bases 34 are symmetrically fixed to the upper part of the X-direction clamping slider 32. Each L-shaped elastic base 34 has two mounting holes on its side, and a parallel elastic pressure rod 35 is slidably fitted into each mounting hole. A compression spring 38 is provided between each parallel elastic pressure rod 35 and the bottom of the corresponding mounting hole. The ends of the parallel elastic pressure rods 35 on the two L-shaped elastic bases 34 are connected to the X-direction abutment block 36. This structural design makes the elastic force on the X-direction abutment block 36 more uniform, and the fit with the side of the wooden mold is higher. It can simultaneously compensate for small dimensional errors at different positions on the side of the wooden mold, avoid the wooden mold clamping offset due to uneven force, and further improve the adaptability and clamping stability. Compared with embodiment 1, the range of elastic compensation is more comprehensive, and the clamped wooden mold is less likely to shift during processing, further ensuring processing quality and echoing the good clamping stability feature of the beneficial effects.

[0028] The structure, connection relationship and function of the remaining parts are completely consistent with those of Embodiment 1. The clamping and positioning method is also the same as that of Embodiment 1. Only during the clamping process in the X direction, the parallel elastic pressure rods 35 on the two L-shaped elastic bases 34 simultaneously squeeze and compress the spring 38 to achieve multi-point elastic compensation, thereby further improving the positioning accuracy and clamping stability.

[0029] Example 3 This embodiment optimizes the control logic based on embodiment 1, further improving the degree of automation and the stability of positioning accuracy. Only the control method of controller 6 is adjusted, as follows: In this embodiment, the controller 6 can store preset positioning parameters for various sizes of irregularly shaped refractory brick wooden molds. When switching to process wooden molds of different sizes, there is no need to re-enter the parameters. The controller 6 can directly call the corresponding preset parameters to drive the X-axis positioning component 2 and the Y-axis positioning component 4 to move quickly to the preset position, which greatly shortens the positioning time and improves the batch processing efficiency.

[0030] Meanwhile, the detection frequency of the first laser displacement sensor 7 and the second laser displacement sensor 8 is increased to detect the position changes of the X-axis reference plate 26 and the Y-axis reference seat 45 in real time. When the detected position deviation exceeds ±0.01mm, the controller 6 immediately sends an adjustment signal to adjust the rotation of the X-axis drive motor 21 and the Y-axis drive motor 41 in a closed loop, so that the positioning accuracy is always stable within ±0.02mm, avoiding positioning deviation caused by vibration during the processing, further improving the stability of positioning accuracy and ensuring processing quality.

[0031] In addition, when the X-axis clamping cylinder 33, the Y-axis clamping cylinder 53, or each longitudinal pressing cylinder exhibits abnormal extension or retraction, or when the laser displacement sensor detects an abnormal signal, the controller 6 immediately issues an alarm signal and stops the tooling operation, thus preventing damage to the wooden mold or substandard processing accuracy due to component failure, and improving the safety and reliability of the tooling.

[0032] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-precision, irregularly shaped refractory brick wooden mold limiting fixture, comprising a base (1), characterized in that, The base (1) is fixedly connected to a reference base plate (11); the reference base plate (11) is provided with an X-direction positioning component (2) and an X-direction clamping component (3) at both ends along the X direction, and a Y-direction positioning component (4) and a Y-direction clamping component (5) are provided on both sides along the Y direction; the tooling also includes a controller (6), a first laser displacement sensor (7), and a second laser displacement sensor (8); the controller (6) is electrically connected to the X-direction positioning component (2), the X-direction clamping component (3), the Y-direction positioning component (4), the Y-direction clamping component (5), the first laser displacement sensor (7), and the second laser displacement sensor (8); the X-direction clamping component (3) is provided with an elastic adaptive compensation structure, and the X-direction positioning component (2) and the Y-direction positioning component (4) are driven by a motor screw to achieve precise displacement adjustment; the first laser displacement sensor (7) is used to detect the position of the X-direction positioning component (2), and the second laser displacement sensor (8) is used to detect the position of the Y-direction positioning component (4).

2. The high-precision shaped refractory brick wooden mold limiting fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The X-axis positioning assembly (2) includes an X-axis drive motor (21), two X-axis positioning guide rails (22), an X-axis positioning screw (23), an X-axis positioning slider (24), an X-axis positioning coupling (25), an X-axis reference plate (26), a first longitudinal pressing cylinder (27), a first bearing seat (28), and a first pressing block (29). The X-axis drive motor (21), the first bearing seat (28), and the two X-axis positioning guide rails (22) are all fixed to the upper part of the base (1). The two X-axis positioning guide rails (22) are respectively located on both sides of the first end of the reference base plate (11). The X-axis positioning screw (23) is mounted between the two X-axis positioning guide rails (22) and one end is supported by the first bearing seat (28). The X-axis positioning slider (24) is slidably connected to the two X-axis positioning guide rails (22) and threadedly connected to the X-axis positioning screw (23). The output shaft of the drive motor (21) is connected to the X-axis positioning screw (23) via the X-axis positioning coupling (25); the X-axis reference plate (26) is fixed on the upper part of the X-axis positioning slider (24), the first longitudinal pressing cylinder (27) is vertically fixed on the upper part of the X-axis reference plate (26), and the piston rod of the first longitudinal pressing cylinder (27) is vertically downward and the end is fixed with a first pressing block (29).

3. The high-precision shaped refractory brick wooden mold limiting fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The X-axis clamping assembly (3) includes two X-axis clamping guide rails (31), an X-axis clamping slider (32), an X-axis clamping cylinder (33), an L-shaped elastic base (34), a parallel elastic pressure rod (35), an X-axis abutment block (36), a second longitudinal downward pressure cylinder (37), a compression spring (38), and a second downward pressure block (39). The two X-axis clamping guide rails (31) are fixed parallel to each other on the upper part of the base (1) and are respectively located on both sides of the second end of the reference base plate (11). The X-axis clamping slider (32) is slidably connected to the X-axis clamping guide rails (31). The X-axis clamping cylinder (33) is fixed to the side of the base (1) and the piston rod is fixedly connected to the X-axis clamping slider (32). The L-shaped elastic base (34) is fixed to the upper part of the X-axis clamping slider (32), and the parallel elastic pressure rod (35) is slidably assembled on the L-shaped elastic base (34). Inside the mounting hole of the L-shaped elastic base (34), the compression spring (38) is disposed between the parallel elastic pressure rod (35) and the bottom of the mounting hole to form an elastic adaptive compensation structure; the ends of the parallel elastic pressure rods (35) on the same L-shaped elastic base (34) are connected to the X-direction abutment block (36), and the second longitudinal pressing cylinder (37) is vertically fixed to the upper part of the X-direction abutment block (36). The piston rod of the second longitudinal pressing cylinder (37) is vertically downward and the end is fixed with a second pressing block (39).

4. The high-precision shaped refractory brick wooden mold limiting fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The Y-axis positioning assembly (4) includes a Y-axis drive motor (41), two Y-axis positioning guide rails (42), a Y-axis positioning screw (43), a Y-axis positioning slider (44), a Y-axis reference seat (45), a Y-axis positioning coupling (46), and a second bearing seat (47). The Y-axis drive motor (41), two Y-axis positioning guide rails (42), and two second bearing seats (47) are all fixed on the upper part of the base (1). The two Y-axis positioning guide rails (42) are respectively located at both ends of the first side of the reference base plate (11). The Y-axis positioning screw (43) is mounted between the two Y-axis positioning guide rails (42) and is supported by the second bearing seats (47) at both ends. The Y-axis positioning slider (44) is slidably connected to the Y-axis positioning guide rails (42) and threadedly connected to the Y-axis positioning screw (43). The output shaft of the Y-axis drive motor (41) is connected to the Y-axis positioning screw (43) through the Y-axis positioning coupling (46). The Y-axis reference seat (45) is fixed to the upper part of the Y-axis positioning slider (44) and connected to the positioning screw (43).

5. The high-precision shaped refractory brick wooden mold limiting fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The Y-axis clamping assembly (5) includes two Y-axis clamping guide rails (51), a Y-axis clamping slider (52), a Y-axis clamping cylinder (53), and a Y-axis elastic block (54). The two Y-axis clamping guide rails (51) are fixed parallel to the upper part of the base (1) and are respectively located at both ends of the second side of the reference base plate (11). The Y-axis clamping slider (52) is slidably connected to the Y-axis clamping guide rails (51). The Y-axis clamping cylinder (53) is fixed to the side of the base (1) and the piston rod is fixedly connected to the Y-axis clamping slider (52). The Y-axis elastic block (54) is fixed to the upper part of the Y-axis clamping slider (52).

6. A high-precision method for clamping and positioning irregularly shaped refractory brick wooden molds, characterized in that, The high-precision shaped refractory brick wooden mold limiting fixture according to any one of claims 1 to 5 includes the following steps: S1, the controller (6) drives the X-axis drive motor (21) and the Y-axis drive motor (41) to operate according to the preset size parameters of the shaped refractory brick wooden mold to be processed, thereby moving the X-axis reference plate (26) and the Y-axis reference seat (45) to the preset positioning position; S2, the wooden mold to be processed is placed on the upper surface of the reference base plate (11), so that the two adjacent sides of the wooden mold are respectively in contact with the positioning surfaces of the X-axis reference plate (26) and the Y-axis reference seat (45); S3, the controller (6) controls the X-axis drive motor (21) to operate according to the preset size parameters of the shaped refractory brick wooden mold to be processed. The clamping cylinder (33) extends, driving the X-axis clamping slider (32) to move along the X-axis clamping guide rail (31), so that the X-axis abutment block (36) abuts against the corresponding side of the wooden mold; S4, the controller (6) controls the Y-axis clamping cylinder (53) to extend, driving the Y-axis clamping slider (52) to move along the Y-axis clamping guide rail (51), so that the Y-axis elastic pressure block (54) abuts against the other corresponding side of the wooden mold; S5, the controller (6) synchronously controls the first longitudinal pressing cylinder (27) and the second longitudinal pressing cylinder (37) to extend, pressing and fixing the wooden mold on the upper surface of the reference base plate (11), completing the clamping and positioning.

7. The high-precision clamping and positioning method for irregularly shaped refractory brick wooden molds according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S1, the first laser displacement sensor (7) detects the position of the X-axis reference plate (26) in real time, and the second laser displacement sensor (8) detects the position of the Y-axis reference seat (45) in real time. The detection signal is fed back to the controller (6). The controller (6) adjusts the rotation of the X-axis drive motor (21) and the Y-axis drive motor (41) in a closed loop according to the position feedback signal, so that the positioning accuracy of the X-axis and Y-axis is controlled within ±0.02mm.

8. The high-precision method for clamping and positioning irregularly shaped refractory brick wooden molds according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S3, after the X-direction abutment block (36) contacts the wooden mold, the parallel elastic pressure rod (35) squeezes and compresses the spring (38) to produce elastic deformation, automatically compensating for the small dimensional error of 0.5 to 2 mm on the side of the wooden mold.

9. The high-precision method for clamping and positioning irregularly shaped refractory brick wooden molds according to claim 6, characterized in that, After the clamping and positioning are completed, the controller (6) sends a start signal to the processing equipment. After the processing is completed, the controller (6) first controls the first longitudinal pressing cylinder (27) and the second longitudinal pressing cylinder (37) to retract. After an interval of 0.5 to 1 second, it controls the X-axis clamping cylinder (33) and the Y-axis clamping cylinder (53) to retract. After an interval of 0.5 to 1 second, it controls the X-axis drive motor (21) and the Y-axis drive motor (41) to reset and take out the processed wooden mold.

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