An electric vehicle battery mass damping energy recovery control system and method

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of electric vehicle energy recovery, and discloses a battery mass-based damping energy recovery control system and method for electric vehicles. The application calculates the expected damping force of the vehicle body by collecting state data when the electric vehicle is running, and then calculates the expected adjustment damping coefficient, and then calculates the instantaneous recovery electric power. A multi-objective function including the instantaneous recovery electric power is constructed, and a constraint condition is set to obtain the optimal damping coefficient. The objective function allows the recovery of as much vibration energy as possible while suppressing vehicle body vibration, limiting the relative displacement of the battery pack and the vehicle body, reducing energy waste, and improving driving experience and comfort. The actual damping force opposite to the vehicle body is output based on the optimal damping coefficient, achieving the effect of suppressing vehicle body vibration.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of energy recovery technology for electric vehicles, specifically to an energy recovery control system and method based on the mass damping of electric vehicle batteries. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing popularity of electric vehicles, driving range has become one of the core indicators of concern for users. To improve energy efficiency, existing technologies have widely adopted regenerative braking systems to convert the kinetic energy generated during vehicle deceleration into electrical energy to recharge the battery. However, during normal driving, the vertical vibrations caused by uneven road surfaces also contain considerable mechanical energy. Traditional suspension systems dissipate this vibration energy as heat through shock absorbers, resulting in energy waste.

[0003] On the other hand, the battery packs in electric vehicles typically weigh hundreds of kilograms, and their mass as a percentage of the vehicle's curb weight is significantly higher than that of traditional gasoline vehicles. During vehicle vibration, this large battery pack generates considerable inertial forces. Existing suspension systems and energy recovery devices have not yet effectively utilized the mass characteristics of the battery pack: some technologies attempt to integrate linear generators into the suspension system to recover vibration energy, but the energy conversion unit is usually placed between the sprung and unsprung masses, and the recovered power is limited by the relative speed of the suspension and the unsprung mass, and the damping characteristics cannot be actively adjusted; other technologies propose using the battery pack as a movable mass block, but this is only used to adjust the vehicle's center of gravity or improve handling stability, without addressing the synergistic optimization of vibration energy recovery and active damping control.

[0004] Therefore, how to utilize the large mass inertia of electric vehicle battery packs to efficiently recover vibration energy while suppressing vehicle body vibration has become a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a control system and method for energy recovery based on the mass damping of electric vehicle batteries. This system features the ability to collect state data during electric vehicle operation, calculate the recoverable electrical power from the battery pack, establish a multi-objective optimization function with constraints, calculate the optimal damping coefficient, and control the battery pack to move in the opposite direction to the vehicle body based on this coefficient to suppress vehicle vibration. It also converts the mechanical energy generated during battery pack movement into electrical energy for storage, thus solving the aforementioned technical problems.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an energy recovery control system based on the mass damping of an electric vehicle battery, comprising an electric vehicle data acquisition module, a power estimation module, an optimization control module, and a control execution module;

[0007] The electric vehicle data acquisition module is used to collect the status data of the electric vehicle while it is in motion and send it to the optimization control module;

[0008] The power estimation module is used to calculate the recovered electrical power obtained by converting the mechanical power generated by the inertial vibration of the battery pack, and send it to the optimization control module;

[0009] The optimization control module calculates the optimal damping coefficient based on the collected battery pack status data and recovered power, and sends it to the control execution module.

[0010] The control execution module includes an oscillation suppression unit and a damping energy conversion unit. The oscillation suppression unit controls the battery pack to move in the opposite direction to the vehicle body based on the optimal damping coefficient. The damping energy conversion unit is used to recover and store electrical energy.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the state data of the electric vehicle during driving includes the real-time vertical displacement, velocity, and acceleration of the vehicle body, as well as the real-time vertical displacement, velocity, and acceleration of the battery pack.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the power estimation module is used to calculate the recovered electrical power obtained by converting the mechanical power generated by the inertial vibration of the battery pack, including the following steps:

[0013] Step A1: Calculate the desired damping force of the vehicle body, the expression of which is as follows:

[0014]

[0015] in, This represents the desired damping force of the vehicle body; Indicates the ceiling damping coefficient; Indicates the vertical velocity of the vehicle body;

[0016] Step A2: Calculate the desired adjustment damping coefficient, the expression of which is as follows:

[0017]

[0018] in, This indicates the desired adjustment of the damping coefficient; This represents the desired damping force of the vehicle body; Indicates the vertical velocity of the vehicle body; Indicates the vertical velocity of the battery pack;

[0019] Step A3: Calculate the instantaneous recovered power .

[0020] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, step A3 instantaneously recovers electrical power. The expression is as follows:

[0021] in, This indicates the instantaneous recovery of electrical power; Indicates energy conversion efficiency; This indicates the desired adjustment of the damping coefficient; Indicates the vertical velocity of the vehicle body; This indicates the vertical velocity of the battery pack.

[0022] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the optimization control module calculates the optimal damping coefficient based on the collected battery pack state data and recovered power, including the following steps:

[0023] Step B1: Construct the objective function;

[0024] Step B2: Set constraints;

[0025] Step B3: Solve the objective function of step B1 to obtain the optimal damping coefficient. .

[0026] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the expression of the objective function in step B1 is as follows:

[0027] in, Represents the objective function value; This indicates taking the minimum value; This indicates the vertical acceleration of the vehicle body; Indicates the vertical velocity of the vehicle body; Indicates the vertical velocity of the battery pack; This indicates the instantaneous recovery of electrical power; , and Indicates the weighting coefficient. .

[0028] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the expression for the constraint condition in step B2 is as follows:

[0029] in, This indicates the vertical displacement of the battery pack; Indicates the vertical displacement of the vehicle body; This indicates the maximum permissible relative displacement between the battery pack and the vehicle body; This represents the desired damping force of the vehicle body; Indicates the maximum permissible damping force; This indicates the desired adjustment of the damping coefficient; and These represent the minimum and maximum allowable values ​​of the damping coefficient, respectively. It represents the absolute value.

[0030] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the oscillation suppression unit controls the battery pack and the vehicle body to move in opposite directions based on the optimal damping coefficient, specifically: based on the optimal damping coefficient... Generate a drive signal, and the oscillation suppression unit outputs the actual damping force. ,in, Indicates the optimal damping coefficient; and These represent the vertical velocities of the battery pack and the vehicle body, respectively.

[0031] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the damping energy conversion unit is used to recover and store electrical energy, specifically: converting the mechanical energy generated during the movement of the battery pack into electrical energy, and storing it after rectification and voltage conversion.

[0032] This invention also provides a method for controlling energy recovery based on the mass damping of an electric vehicle battery, comprising the following steps:

[0033] S1: Collect status data of the electric vehicle while it is in motion;

[0034] S2: The desired damping force of the vehicle body is calculated based on the state data collected in S1. ;

[0035] S3: Desired damping force of the vehicle body obtained based on S2 The desired adjustment damping coefficient is calculated. ;

[0036] S4: Desired adjustment damping coefficient based on the state data collected in S1 and the result obtained in S3 The instantaneous recovered power was calculated. ;

[0037] S5: Constructs a system based on the state data collected by S1, including instantaneous power recovery. The objective function is defined, and constraints are set.

[0038] S6: Solve the objective function constructed in S5 to obtain the optimal damping coefficient. ;

[0039] S7: Optimal damping coefficient obtained based on S6 Output actual damping force To control vehicle body vibration;

[0040] S8: Converts the mechanical energy generated during the movement of the battery pack into electrical energy and stores it.

[0041] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a control system and method for energy recovery based on the mass damping of electric vehicle batteries, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0042] This invention calculates the desired damping force of the electric vehicle body by collecting state data during the vehicle's operation, then calculates the desired adjustment damping coefficient, and then calculates the instantaneous recovered electric power. A multi-objective function including the instantaneous recovered electric power is constructed, and constraints are set to obtain the optimal damping coefficient. This objective function enables the recovery of vibration energy as much as possible while suppressing vehicle body vibration and limiting the relative displacement of the battery pack and the vehicle body, thereby reducing energy waste and improving the driving experience and comfort. Based on the optimal damping coefficient, the actual damping force is output in the opposite direction to the vehicle body, thus achieving the effect of suppressing vehicle body vibration. Attached Figure Description

[0043] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the system framework of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the process of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0045] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] Please see Figure 1 An energy recovery control system based on electric vehicle battery mass damping includes: an electric vehicle data acquisition module, a power estimation module, an optimization control module, and a control execution module;

[0047] The electric vehicle data acquisition module is used to collect the status data of the electric vehicle while it is in motion and send it to the optimization control module;

[0048] The status data of an electric vehicle during operation includes the real-time vertical displacement, velocity, and acceleration of the vehicle body, as well as the real-time vertical displacement, velocity, and acceleration of the battery pack.

[0049] The power estimation module is used to calculate the recovered electrical power obtained by converting the mechanical power generated by the inertial vibration of the battery pack, and sends it to the optimization control module;

[0050] The power estimation module is used to calculate the recovered electrical power obtained by converting the mechanical power generated by the inertial vibration of the battery pack, including the following steps:

[0051] Step A1: Calculate the desired damping force of the vehicle body, the expression of which is as follows:

[0052] in, This represents the desired damping force of the vehicle body; Indicates the ceiling damping coefficient; Represents the vertical velocity of the vehicle body; desired damping force of the vehicle body. Size and vertical velocity of the vehicle body Proportional to the direction of the vehicle's speed, and always opposite to the direction of the vehicle's speed. When the vehicle moves upward ( When ), the desired damping force Downward (negative value) inhibits the vehicle body from continuing to move upward; when the vehicle body moves downward ( When ), the desired damping force Upward (positive value) to prevent the car body from continuing to move downward;

[0053] Step A2: Calculate the desired adjustment damping coefficient, the expression of which is as follows:

[0054] in, This indicates the desired adjustment of the damping coefficient; This represents the desired damping force of the vehicle body; Indicates the vertical velocity of the vehicle body; Indicates the vertical velocity of the battery pack;

[0055] By dividing the desired damping force by the relative velocity at the current moment, the damping coefficient required to achieve that damping force can be calculated; when there is relative motion between the vehicle body and the battery pack ( When the relative velocity is zero, use this formula to calculate the target damping coefficient; if the relative velocity is zero, the damping coefficient remains the value of the previous moment.

[0056] Step A3: Calculate the instantaneous recovered power Its expression is as follows:

[0057] in, This indicates the instantaneous recovery of electrical power; Indicates energy conversion efficiency; This indicates the desired adjustment of the damping coefficient; Indicates the vertical velocity of the vehicle body; Indicates the vertical velocity of the battery pack; This represents the desired damping force of the vehicle body; This indicates the relative speed between the battery pack and the vehicle body. The recovered electrical power comes from the work done by the damping force on the relative motion, so the recovered power can be estimated based on this formula.

[0058] The optimization control module calculates the optimal damping coefficient based on the collected battery pack status data and recovered power, and sends it to the control execution module;

[0059] The optimization control module calculates the optimal damping coefficient based on the collected battery pack state data and recovered power, including the following steps:

[0060] Step B1: Construct the objective function, whose expression is as follows:

[0061] in, Represents the objective function value; This indicates taking the minimum value; This indicates the vertical acceleration of the vehicle body; Indicates the vertical velocity of the vehicle body; Indicates the vertical velocity of the battery pack; This indicates the instantaneous recovery of electrical power; , and Indicates the weighting coefficient. ;

[0062] This formula minimizes the sum of the weighted square of the vehicle body acceleration, the square of the relative velocity, and the negative value of the recovered power, thereby suppressing vehicle body vibration, limiting the relative displacement of the battery pack and the vehicle body, and recovering as much vibration energy as possible.

[0063] Step B2: Set the constraints, the expressions of which are as follows:

[0064] in, This indicates the vertical displacement of the battery pack; Indicates the vertical displacement of the vehicle body; This indicates the maximum permissible relative displacement between the battery pack and the vehicle body; This represents the desired damping force of the vehicle body; Indicates the maximum permissible damping force; This indicates the desired adjustment of the damping coefficient; and These represent the minimum and maximum allowable values ​​of the damping coefficient, respectively. Represents absolute value;

[0065] Of the above constraints, the first constraint is used to prevent the relative displacement between the battery pack and the vehicle body from exceeding the travel limit of the oscillation suppression unit, thus ensuring mechanical safety; the second constraint is used to prevent the desired damping force from exceeding the maximum output capacity of the oscillation suppression unit; and the third constraint is used to ensure that the damping coefficient is within the adjustable range, thus ensuring the executability of the control commands.

[0066] Step B3: Solve the objective function of step B1 to obtain the optimal damping coefficient. ;

[0067] The control execution module includes an oscillation suppression unit and a damping energy conversion unit. The oscillation suppression unit controls the battery pack to move in the opposite direction to the vehicle body based on the optimal damping coefficient. The damping energy conversion unit is used to recover and store electrical energy.

[0068] The oscillation suppression unit controls the battery pack and vehicle body to move in opposite directions based on the optimal damping coefficient. Specifically, it controls the battery pack to move in the opposite direction to the vehicle body based on the optimal damping coefficient. Generate a drive signal, and the oscillation suppression unit outputs the actual damping force. ,in, Indicates the optimal damping coefficient; and These represent the vertical velocities of the battery pack and the vehicle body, respectively. The direction of this force is opposite to the direction of the vehicle body's motion, causing the battery pack and the vehicle body to move in opposite phases.

[0069] The damping energy conversion unit is used to recover and store electrical energy. Specifically, it converts the mechanical energy generated during the movement of the battery pack into electrical energy, which is then rectified and voltage-converted before being stored.

[0070] Please see Figure 2 The present invention also provides a method for energy recovery control based on the mass damping of electric vehicle batteries, comprising the following steps:

[0071] S1: Collect status data of the electric vehicle while it is in motion;

[0072] S2: The desired damping force of the vehicle body is calculated based on the state data collected in S1. ;

[0073] S3: Desired damping force of the vehicle body obtained based on S2 The desired adjustment damping coefficient is calculated. ;

[0074] S4: Desired adjustment damping coefficient based on the state data collected in S1 and the result obtained in S3 The instantaneous recovered power was calculated. ;

[0075] S5: Constructs a system based on the state data collected by S1, including instantaneous power recovery. The objective function is defined, and constraints are set.

[0076] S6: Solve the objective function constructed in S5 to obtain the optimal damping coefficient. ;

[0077] S7: Optimal damping coefficient obtained based on S6 Output actual damping force To control vehicle body vibration;

[0078] S8: Converts the mechanical energy generated during the movement of the battery pack into electrical energy and stores it.

[0079] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A mass damping energy recovery control system based on electric vehicle batteries, characterized in that: It includes an electric vehicle data acquisition module, a power estimation module, an optimization control module, and a control execution module; The electric vehicle data acquisition module is used to collect the status data of the electric vehicle while it is in motion and send it to the optimization control module; The power estimation module is used to calculate the recovered electrical power obtained by converting the mechanical power generated by the inertial vibration of the battery pack, and send it to the optimization control module; The optimization control module calculates the optimal damping coefficient based on the collected battery pack status data and recovered power, and sends it to the control execution module. The control execution module includes an oscillation suppression unit and a damping energy conversion unit. The oscillation suppression unit controls the battery pack to move in the opposite direction to the vehicle body based on the optimal damping coefficient. The damping energy conversion unit is used to recover and store electrical energy.

2. The energy recovery control system based on the mass damping of an electric vehicle battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The status data of the electric vehicle during operation includes the real-time vertical displacement, velocity, and acceleration of the vehicle body, as well as the real-time vertical displacement, velocity, and acceleration of the battery pack.

3. The energy recovery control system based on the mass damping of an electric vehicle battery according to claim 2, characterized in that: The power estimation module is used to calculate the recovered electrical power obtained by converting the mechanical power generated by the inertial vibration of the battery pack, including the following steps: Step A1: Calculate the desired damping force of the vehicle body, the expression of which is as follows: in, This indicates the desired damping force of the vehicle body; Indicates the ceiling damping coefficient; Indicates the vertical velocity of the vehicle body; Step A2: Calculate the desired adjustment damping coefficient, the expression of which is as follows: in, This indicates the desired adjustment of the damping coefficient; This indicates the desired damping force of the vehicle body; Indicates the vertical velocity of the vehicle body; Indicates the vertical velocity of the battery pack; Step A3: Calculate the instantaneous recovered power .

4. The energy recovery control system based on the mass damping of an electric vehicle battery according to claim 3, characterized in that: Step A3 instantaneously recovers electrical power The expression is as follows: in, This indicates the instantaneous recovery of electrical power; Indicates energy conversion efficiency; This indicates the desired adjustment of the damping coefficient; Indicates the vertical velocity of the vehicle body; This indicates the vertical velocity of the battery pack.

5. The energy recovery control system based on the mass damping of an electric vehicle battery according to claim 3, characterized in that: The optimization control module calculates the optimal damping coefficient based on the collected battery pack state data and recovered power, including the following steps: Step B1: Construct the objective function; Step B2: Set constraints; Step B3: Solve the objective function of step B1 to obtain the optimal damping coefficient. .

6. The energy recovery control system based on the mass damping of an electric vehicle battery according to claim 5, characterized in that: The expression for the objective function in step B1 is as follows: in, Represents the objective function value; This indicates taking the minimum value; This indicates the vertical acceleration of the vehicle body; Indicates the vertical velocity of the vehicle body; Indicates the vertical velocity of the battery pack; This indicates the instantaneous recovery of electrical power; , and Indicates the weighting coefficient. .

7. The energy recovery control system based on the mass damping of an electric vehicle battery according to claim 5, characterized in that: The expression for the constraint condition in step B2 is as follows: in, Indicates the vertical displacement of the battery pack; Indicates the vertical displacement of the vehicle body; This indicates the maximum permissible relative displacement between the battery pack and the vehicle body; This indicates the desired damping force of the vehicle body; Indicates the maximum permissible damping force; This indicates the desired adjustment of the damping coefficient; and These represent the minimum and maximum allowable values ​​of the damping coefficient, respectively. It represents the absolute value.

8. The energy recovery control system based on the mass damping of an electric vehicle battery according to claim 5, characterized in that: The oscillation suppression unit controls the battery pack to move in the opposite direction to the vehicle body based on the optimal damping coefficient. Specifically, it controls the battery pack to move in the opposite direction to the vehicle body based on the optimal damping coefficient. Generate a drive signal, and the oscillation suppression unit outputs the actual damping force. ,in, Indicates the optimal damping coefficient; and These represent the vertical velocities of the battery pack and the vehicle body, respectively.

9. A mass damping energy recovery control system for electric vehicle batteries according to claim 8, characterized in that: The damping energy conversion unit is used to recover and store electrical energy. Specifically, it converts the mechanical energy generated during the movement of the battery pack into electrical energy, which is then rectified and voltage-converted before being stored.

10. A method for controlling energy recovery based on the mass damping of an electric vehicle battery, based on the energy recovery control system based on the mass damping of an electric vehicle battery as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1: Collect status data of the electric vehicle while it is in motion; S2: The desired damping force of the vehicle body is calculated based on the state data collected in S1. ; S3: Desired damping force of the vehicle body obtained based on S2 The desired adjustment damping coefficient is calculated. ; S4: Desired adjustment damping coefficient based on the state data collected in S1 and the result obtained in S3 The instantaneous recovered power was calculated. ; S5: Constructs a system based on the state data collected by S1, including instantaneous power recovery. The objective function is defined, and constraints are set. S6: Solve the objective function constructed in S5 to obtain the optimal damping coefficient. ; S7: Optimal damping coefficient obtained based on S6 Output actual damping force To control vehicle body vibration; S8: Converts the mechanical energy generated during the movement of the battery pack into electrical energy and stores it.

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