A wind-solar-storage-charging-exchange intelligent integrated plateau green energy nest system

Abstract

This invention relates to an intelligent integrated high-altitude green energy drone docking system, comprising an intelligent cabin module, a contactless charging / swapping module, a green energy supply module, and an intelligent control module. The intelligent cabin module is used for docking drones. The green energy supply module, located on the periphery of the intelligent cabin module, collects green energy and converts it into electrical energy for storage. The contactless charging / swapping module, located inside the intelligent cabin module and electrically connected to the green energy supply module, is used for charging and swapping the drone's batteries. The intelligent control module, located inside the intelligent cabin module and electrically connected to the green energy supply module and the contactless charging / swapping module, monitors and controls the operational status of the green energy supply module, the contactless charging / swapping module, and the drone, and simultaneously communicates remotely with the operation and maintenance center. This invention enables drones to continuously and autonomously cruise in high-altitude and remote areas, significantly reducing operation and maintenance costs while improving operational efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of infrastructure technology for unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) inspection operations, and in particular relates to a smart integrated wind, solar, energy storage, charging and swapping system for high-altitude and harsh environments. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of the low-altitude economy, drones are increasingly being used in outdoor operations such as power line inspection, ecological monitoring, and photovoltaic operation and maintenance. The Green Energy Hive (an integrated facility combining photovoltaic / wind power, energy storage, charging / swapping, and intelligent control) is becoming an increasingly important core piece of equipment for enabling long-duration, unmanned, autonomous drone operations.

[0003] Taking the Sanjiangyuan region, located in the heart of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, as an example, the Sanjiangyuan region, as a crucial national ecological security barrier, places extremely high demands on unmanned operations due to its unique geographical environment and current state of protection. In particular, the Sanjiangyuan National Park covers a total area of ​​190,700 square kilometers, with an average altitude exceeding 4,000 meters, and its core area even reaching over 6,000 meters, earning it the title of "the world's third pole." In this vast and extreme region, traditional ecological patrol methods face extremely severe challenges. Specifically: (1) Extremely inconvenient transportation and low patrol efficiency. The Sanjiangyuan area has a complex topography with rugged mountain roads or even no roads at all. Traditional manual patrols rely solely on walking or riding horses. The average patrol range of ecological rangers is as high as 10 square kilometers. Moreover, each patrol into the core uninhabited area often requires advance deployment and several days. Not only is the physical exertion enormous, but the information monitoring and data collection cycle is also extremely long, which cannot meet the timeliness requirements of modern ecological protection.

[0004] (2) Personal safety is seriously threatened. Since the oxygen content in this area is only half that of the plains, patrol personnel are very likely to experience altitude sickness or even more serious health crises. At the same time, with the increase in the number of wild animals, human-wildlife conflicts occur frequently. Patrol personnel are very likely to be attacked by animals in the open wilderness, and their lives are seriously threatened.

[0005] (3) There is no grid power access and the infrastructure is severely lacking. Due to the remote location and sparse population, the large power grid is difficult to fully cover the area. Although microgrids have been extended in recent years, a large number of areas in the core protected areas (such as Suojia Township and Qumahe Township) still rely on unstable off-grid photovoltaic power supply or are completely without electricity, which makes it impossible for traditional automated equipment that relies on grid power to stand here.

[0006] In addition to ecological patrols, the installed capacity of new energy in the "wind and solar valleys" in plateau areas such as Golmud in Qinghai Province accounts for 91%. Although they have unique new energy resources, their extreme environments such as high altitude, strong winds and sandstorms, large temperature differences and salt spray corrosion, as well as the terrain features mainly consisting of salt lakes, deserts and Gobi, also put forward higher localization requirements for the environmental adaptability, energy utilization efficiency and operational reliability of green energy generators.

[0007] Existing drone nesting systems mostly employ a hybrid power supply mode of "mains power as the primary source and green energy as a supplement," coupled with functions such as contact charging or robotic arm battery swapping, cabin temperature control, and remote monitoring to enable drones to automatically return to base, dock, recharge, and transmit data. However, in high-altitude areas, due to insufficient power grid coverage and other deficiencies, existing drone nesting systems still have certain limitations, such as: (1) Energy supply defects, highly dependent on grid power, difficult to deploy in areas without grids such as salt lakes, deserts, and Gobi, and low integration and insufficient utilization efficiency of renewable energy sources such as wind and solar power, which cannot adapt to the local fluctuating resource characteristics, resulting in unstable power supply.

[0008] (2) The reliability of charging and swapping is low. The metal contacts of the contact charging of the drone are easily corroded by salt spray and sand, resulting in poor contact and charging failure. The mechanical battery swapping mechanism is prone to jamming and has a high failure rate in cold and sandy environments, and has poor compatibility with different models of drone batteries.

[0009] (3) Poor environmental adaptability. The protective structure of conventional aircraft housing is difficult to withstand strong winds and sand, salt spray corrosion and severe temperature differences, which makes the cabin prone to condensation and dust accumulation, resulting in shortened lifespan of electronic equipment and batteries and frequent failures.

[0010] (4) Insufficient intelligent collaboration: There is insufficient collaboration between conventional drone nests' energy management, battery management, equipment monitoring and other systems, resulting in delayed fault warning, weak remote operation and maintenance capabilities, and a lack of efficient multi-drone collaborative operation scheduling capabilities, making it difficult to meet the needs of large-area drone patrol operations.

[0011] In summary, there is an urgent need for a drone nesting system that can adapt to the extreme environment of high-altitude areas and has the functions of off-grid self-sufficiency in energy, reliable replenishment, and intelligent collaboration. Summary of the Invention

[0012] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the present invention aims to provide a smart integrated high-altitude green energy system for wind, solar, energy storage, charging, and power swapping. This system is specifically designed for high-altitude areas and can enable continuous drone patrol operations under off-grid conditions.

[0013] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A smart integrated high-altitude green energy drone docking system comprising: a smart cabin module for docking drones; a green energy supply module located on the periphery of the smart cabin module for collecting green energy and converting it into electrical energy for storage; a contactless charging / swapping module located inside the smart cabin module and electrically connected to the green energy supply module for charging and swapping the drone's batteries; and a smart control module located inside the smart cabin module and electrically connected to the green energy supply module and the contactless charging / swapping module for monitoring and controlling the operating status of the green energy supply module, the contactless charging / swapping module, and the drone, while simultaneously communicating remotely with the operation and maintenance center.

[0014] Furthermore, the green energy supply module includes a photovoltaic power generation unit, a wind power generation unit, an energy storage battery pack, a wind-solar hybrid controller, an intelligent energy management system, and an off-grid inverter. The photovoltaic power generation unit is located on the top of the intelligent cabin module, the wind power generation unit is located outside the intelligent cabin module, and the energy storage battery pack is located at the bottom of the intelligent cabin module. The output terminals of the photovoltaic power generation unit and the wind power generation unit are electrically connected to the energy storage battery pack via the wind-solar hybrid controller. The intelligent energy management system is electrically connected to the wind-solar hybrid controller, the off-grid inverter, and the contactless charging and swapping module, and dynamically schedules the status of the energy storage battery pack according to the local wind and solar resource characteristics. The off-grid inverter is electrically connected to the energy storage battery pack for outputting AC power.

[0015] Furthermore, the contactless charging and swapping module includes a wireless charging coil, a visual positioning system, and a supply control unit. The visual positioning system is located on the top of the inner periphery of the intelligent cabin module and is used to identify the drone's location and guide the drone to stop. The wireless charging coil is embedded in the landing pad inside the intelligent cabin module and is used to charge the drone's battery. The supply control unit is electrically connected to the wireless charging coil, the visual positioning system, and the green energy supply module, and is used to regulate the wireless charging coil for charging.

[0016] Furthermore, the contactless charging and swapping module also includes a battery swapping mechanism and a battery compartment for storing batteries. The battery compartment is located at the lower end of the smart cabin module and on the outer periphery of the landing pad. The battery swapping mechanism is located inside the smart cabin module and is slidably connected to the battery compartment and the landing pad for swapping batteries in the battery compartment or the drone. The supply control unit is electrically connected to the battery swapping mechanism for controlling the battery swapping mechanism to perform battery swapping.

[0017] Furthermore, the intelligent control module includes a battery management system, an edge computing module, a remote communication module, a fault diagnosis and alarm unit, and a multi-machine collaborative scheduling platform, all located within the intelligent cabin module. The battery management system is electrically connected to the energy storage battery pack and the contactless charging and swapping module. The edge computing module is electrically connected to the battery management system, the intelligent energy management system, the fault diagnosis and alarm unit, and the multi-machine collaborative scheduling platform. The edge computing module is wirelessly connected to the operation and maintenance center via the remote communication module.

[0018] Furthermore, the intelligent control module also includes a Beidou positioning module, which communicates wirelessly with the remote communication module for UAV navigation and positioning.

[0019] Furthermore, the intelligent cabin module also includes a cabin, a sealed door, an automatic propeller retraction sensor, an intelligent temperature and humidity control system, and a propeller anti-collision buffer structure. The sealed door is hinged to the front end of the cabin, the landing pad is located at the center of the cabin interior, the automatic propeller retraction sensor is located around the landing pad, the intelligent temperature and humidity control system is located on the side wall of the cabin, the propeller anti-collision buffer structure is located at the outer perimeter of the landing pad, and the intelligent control module is electrically connected to the intelligent temperature and humidity control system for regulating the temperature inside the cabin.

[0020] Furthermore, it also includes an ecological adaptation module, which includes a wildlife disturbance prevention net and a biodegradable fixing base. The wildlife disturbance prevention net is installed at the cabin ventilation openings and on the outer perimeter, and the biodegradable fixing base is installed at the bottom of the cabin.

[0021] Furthermore, the photovoltaic power generation unit includes a monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic panel and a self-moving support. The self-moving support is installed on the top of the cabin, and the monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic panel is installed on the self-moving support and is used to drive the monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic panel to move. The monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic panel is electrically connected to the wind-solar hybrid controller, and the wind power generation unit is a vertical axis wind turbine.

[0022] Furthermore, the intelligent temperature and humidity control system includes a heating element, a cooling fan, and a dehumidifier. The heating element and the cooling fan are distributed on the side wall of the cabin, and the dehumidifier is distributed around the perimeter of the cabin.

[0023] Because the present invention adopts the above technical solution, it has the following advantages and effects: This invention provides a smart integrated high-altitude green energy drone nest system that combines wind, solar, energy storage, charging, and swapping. This system fundamentally solves the problem of long-term deployment and operation of drones in high-altitude areas without power grids and with harsh environments. The system utilizes an external green energy supply module to achieve efficient collection and storage of solar and wind energy, ensuring complete energy self-sufficiency and off-grid operation. This eliminates dependence on unstable mains power or fuel replenishment. Furthermore, the contactless charging and swapping module integrated into the smart cabin module uses wireless charging and automatic battery swapping technology, achieving full automation and high reliability for drone resupply, significantly improving operational efficiency. Simultaneously, the intelligent control module not only coordinates energy, charging, and flight status but also achieves interconnection with a remote operation and maintenance center, completing the entire process of unmanned operation and maintenance from on-site work to remote monitoring.

[0024] This invention discloses a smart integrated wind, solar, energy storage, charging, and swapping system for high-altitude green energy, enabling drones to autonomously operate and replenish energy in remote high-altitude areas. While improving operational efficiency and reliability, it significantly reduces manpower and maintenance costs. The system is entirely driven by renewable energy, replacing traditional fuel-powered inspection methods. A single unit can reduce carbon emissions by approximately 1.38 tons per year, demonstrating outstanding environmental benefits and providing a reliable technical infrastructure for high-altitude applications such as ecological protection and facility inspection.

[0025] This invention discloses a smart integrated plateau green energy storage and charging / swapping system for wind, solar, energy storage, and battery swapping. It supports the on-demand construction of facilities for low-altitude vertical take-off and landing (VLTL) equipment, including facilities for take-off and landing support, security and fire protection, and ground connections. The smart VLTL system features a scientifically designed layout that integrates multiple functions such as charging and battery swapping, load replacement, communication relay, and fault diagnosis, and is highly versatile. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a system framework diagram of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a framework diagram of the green energy supply module of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 3 This is a framework diagram of the contactless charging and swapping module of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 4 This is a framework diagram of the intelligent control module of the present invention.

[0030] The attached diagram is labeled as follows: 1-Intelligent cabin module, 2-Green energy supply module, 3-Contactless charging and swapping module, 4-Intelligent control module, 201-Photovoltaic power generation unit, 202-Wind power generation unit, 203-Energy storage battery pack, 204-Wind-solar hybrid controller, 205-Intelligent energy management system, 206-Off-grid inverter, 301-Wireless charging coil, 302-Visual positioning system, 303-Supply control unit, 304-Battery swapping mechanism, 305-Battery compartment, 401-Battery management system, 402-Edge computing module, 403-Remote communication module, 404-Fault diagnosis and alarm unit, 405-Multi-machine collaborative scheduling platform, 101-Helipad, 407-BeiDou positioning module, 5-Operation and maintenance center. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings to provide a clearer understanding of the purpose, features, and advantages of the present invention. It should be understood that the embodiments shown in the drawings are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, but are merely illustrative of the essential spirit of the technical solution of the present invention.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, this invention provides a smart integrated plateau green energy drone docking system combining wind, solar, energy storage, charging, and battery swapping. The system includes a smart cabin module 1, a green energy supply module 2, a contactless charging / battery swapping module 3, a smart control module 4, and an ecological adaptation module. The green energy supply module 2, the contactless charging / battery swapping module 3, the smart control module 4, and the ecological adaptation module can be integrated with the smart cabin module 1. The smart cabin module 1 serves as the physical carrier for docking drones for battery swapping operations, providing a safe docking and battery swapping space for the drones.

[0033] Specifically, a green energy supply module 2 is integrated into the outer space of the intelligent cabin module 1. This module collects green energy and converts it into electrical energy for storage, achieving energy self-sufficiency. Green energy includes solar and wind power, which are simultaneously converted into electrical energy for storage. A contactless charging / swapping module 3 is installed inside the intelligent cabin module 1. This module is electrically connected to the green energy supply module 2 and uses the power provided by the green energy supply module 2 to wirelessly charge or automatically replace the batteries carried by the docked drones, enabling battery charging and swapping. The intelligent control module 4, acting as the brain of the entire system, is located within the intelligent cabin module 1. It is electrically connected to the green energy supply module 2 and the contactless charging / swapping module 3. The intelligent control module 4 monitors and coordinates the power generation and storage status of the green energy supply module 2, the refueling operations of the contactless charging / swapping module 3, and the flight and mission operation status of the drones themselves. Simultaneously, it communicates remotely with a remote operation and maintenance center 5 via a wireless network to achieve remote monitoring, scheduling, and fault management.

[0034] The drone nesting system provided by this invention enables year-round unmanned autonomous operation in remote, grid-free, and harsh environments, particularly in high-altitude regions. It effectively solves key challenges such as efficient self-sufficiency and stable power supply of green energy under off-grid conditions, reliable equipment replenishment in dusty and salt-spray environments, integrated and coordinated scheduling of high-frequency tasks, adaptability to extreme climates and complex terrains, and intelligent management in off-grid unmanned scenarios. This drone nesting system ultimately achieves long endurance, high reliability, wide adaptability, and easy deployment for drones in high-altitude environments, providing critical infrastructure support for low-altitude economy and clean energy applications in high-altitude regions.

[0035] like Figure 2 As shown, the green energy supply module 2 is an off-grid power supply module integrating wind, solar, and energy storage. The green energy supply module 2 includes a photovoltaic power generation unit 201, a wind power generation unit 202, an energy storage battery pack 203, a wind-solar hybrid controller 204, an intelligent energy management system 205, and an off-grid inverter 206. The photovoltaic power generation unit 201 is located on the top of the intelligent cabin module 1, the wind power generation unit 202 is located outside the intelligent cabin module 1, and the energy storage battery pack 203 is located at the bottom of the intelligent cabin module 1. The output terminals of the photovoltaic power generation unit 201 and the wind power generation unit 202 are electrically connected to the energy storage battery pack 203 via the wind-solar hybrid controller 204. The intelligent energy management system 205 is electrically connected to the wind-solar hybrid controller 204, the contactless charging and swapping module 3, and the off-grid inverter 206, and dynamically schedules the state of the energy storage battery pack 203 according to local wind and solar resource characteristics. The off-grid inverter 206 is electrically connected to the energy storage battery pack 203 for outputting AC power.

[0036] Specifically, the photovoltaic power generation unit 201 is installed on top of the intelligent cabin module 1 and can move automatically to maximize the capture of intense solar radiation at high altitudes. The wind power generation unit 202 is installed outside the intelligent cabin module 1 to adapt to the variable wind direction in Qinghai. The energy storage battery pack 203 uses a 10kWh lithium iron phosphate energy storage battery, which is built into a dedicated explosion-proof battery compartment at the bottom of the intelligent cabin module 1. The wind-solar hybrid controller 204, the intelligent energy management system 205, and the off-grid inverter 206 are all installed in the electrical control cabinet inside the intelligent cabin module 1. The output terminals of the photovoltaic power generation unit 201 and the wind power generation unit 202 are first connected to the wind-solar hybrid controller 204, which performs rectification, voltage stabilization, and maximum power point tracking optimization on the unstable wind and solar energy, and then efficiently stores the electrical energy in the energy storage battery pack 203. The intelligent energy management system 205 is electrically connected to the wind-solar hybrid controller 204, the energy storage battery pack 203, and the contactless charging and swapping module 3. The input of the off-grid inverter 206 is connected to the energy storage battery pack 203, and the output provides stable AC power to all electrical equipment in the grid system.

[0037] The photovoltaic power generation unit 201 and wind power generation unit 202 of this invention form a wind-solar complementary power generation system. Dispatched by the intelligent energy management system 205, it can significantly reduce dependence on grid power and achieve completely independent power supply in remote, grid-free areas. The intelligent energy management system 205 presets a dispatch strategy based on historical wind and solar resource data of the plateau region. During the day, photovoltaic power generation is the primary method, supplemented by wind turbines, with surplus power used to charge the batteries. At night or when there is no wind, the battery pack supplies power through the off-grid inverter 206. Through the large-capacity energy storage battery pack 203, when continuous rain is detected in the future, the system will pre-charge the energy storage battery pack 203 to a high level, ensuring at least 3 days of off-grid operation capability, achieving complete independence from grid power.

[0038] like Figure 3 As shown, the contactless charging and swapping module 3 further utilizes wireless charging to charge the drone's battery, thus enabling battery swapping. The contactless charging and swapping module 3 includes a wireless charging coil 301, a visual positioning system 302, and a supply control unit 303. The visual positioning system 302 is located on the top inner periphery of the intelligent cabin module 1, used to identify the drone's location and guide it to stop. The wireless charging coil 301 is embedded inside the intelligent cabin module 1 for charging the drone's battery. The supply control unit 303 is electrically connected to the wireless charging coil 301, the visual positioning system 302, and the green energy supply module 2, and is used to regulate the charging of the wireless charging coil 301.

[0039] Specifically, a landing pad 101 for the drone is set up on the ground inside the intelligent cabin module 1. A wireless charging coil 301 is embedded in the center of the landing pad 101. The wireless charging coil 301 is a magnetically coupled wireless charging coil. When the drone needs charging, the visual positioning system 302 identifies the drone's position and guides it to land precisely above the wireless charging coil 301. After receiving the drone's arrival signal, the supply control unit 303 controls the wireless charging coil 301 to start, performing contactless charging for the drone's battery, and intelligently adjusts the charging power based on the real-time status feedback from the battery management system 401. Contactless wireless charging fundamentally avoids the contact problems caused by salt spray and sand dust.

[0040] Furthermore, the contactless charging and swapping module 3 also has the function of automatically replacing batteries to swap batteries for the drone. In this case, the contactless charging and swapping module 3 also includes a battery swapping mechanism 304 and a battery compartment 305 for storing batteries. The battery compartment 305 is located inside the lower end of the intelligent cabin module 1 and on the outer periphery of the landing pad 101. The battery swapping mechanism 304 is located inside the intelligent cabin module 1 and is slidably connected to the battery compartment 305 and the landing pad 101 for exchanging batteries in the battery compartment 305 or inside the drone. The supply control unit 303 is electrically connected to the battery swapping mechanism 304 to control the battery swapping mechanism 304 to perform battery swapping.

[0041] Specifically, on both sides of the helipad 101, there are universal battery compartments 305 that can accommodate multiple batteries. The universal battery compartments 305 have uniform charging contacts that can adapt to the battery specifications of various mainstream drones. Below the helipad 101, an electric sliding rail battery swapping mechanism 304 is installed. When the drone battery is low and needs to be swapped quickly, the visual positioning system 302 guides the drone to dock precisely. The replenishment control unit 303 first controls the battery swapping mechanism 304 to move under the drone. The robotic arm unlocks and removes the depleted battery, placing it back in an empty charging position in the battery compartment 305. Then, a fully charged battery is taken from the fully charged compartment of the battery compartment 305 and precisely installed on the drone, completing the entire battery swapping process. The entire battery swapping process is executed in coordination with the opening and closing of the intelligent cabin module 1. Furthermore, the universal battery compartments 305 and the battery swapping mechanism 304 improve the compatibility and reliability of batteries for different drone models. Combined with wireless charging, the single replenishment cycle is significantly shortened.

[0042] like Figure 4 As shown, the intelligent control module 4 further includes a battery management system 401, an edge computing module 402, a remote communication module 403, a fault diagnosis and alarm unit 404, and a multi-machine collaborative scheduling platform 405, all installed within the intelligent cabin module 1. The battery management system 401 is electrically connected to the energy storage battery pack 203 and the contactless charging and swapping module 3. The edge computing module 402 is electrically connected to the battery management system 401, the intelligent energy management system 205, the fault diagnosis and alarm unit 404, and the multi-machine collaborative scheduling platform 405. The remote communication module 403 is wirelessly connected to the edge computing module 402 and the operation and maintenance center 5.

[0043] Specifically, the intelligent management and control module 4 is the core of realizing intelligent and unmanned operation and maintenance of the system. A dedicated control cabin is located within the intelligent cabin module 1, integrating a battery management system 401, an edge computing module 402, a remote communication module 403, a fault diagnosis and alarm unit 404, and a multi-machine collaborative scheduling platform 405. The battery management system 401 directly connects to the energy storage battery pack 203 and the batteries in the contactless charging and swapping module 3, and is responsible for monitoring and protecting all batteries. The edge computing module 402 interacts with the battery management system 401, intelligent energy management system 205, fault diagnosis and alarm unit 404, multi-machine collaborative scheduling platform 405, and visual positioning system 302 via an internal bus, performing real-time data processing and decision-making. The remote communication module 403 connects to the edge computing module 402, pushing processed key data, status information, and alarms to the remote operation and maintenance center 5, and receiving instructions from the operation and maintenance center 5.

[0044] When the intelligent control module 4 is working, the intelligent energy management system 205 and the battery management system 401 work in deep collaboration to achieve refined battery management and safety early warning. The edge computing module 402 simultaneously preprocesses UAV operation data locally and transmits key data back to the Qinghai local operation and maintenance center 5 via the remote communication module 403, reducing data transmission latency. The fault diagnosis and alarm unit 404 monitors the status of each module in the UAV nest in real time. Upon detecting a fault, it pushes alarm information and work orders to the operation and maintenance center 5 via the remote communication module 403, supporting remote and simple fault diagnosis without the need for manual on-site handling. The multi-UAV collaborative scheduling platform 405 simultaneously supports scheduling 2 to 3 UAVs in a single UAV nest. Based on the task requirements of large-scale operations in Qinghai, it automatically plans and allocates flight routes, take-off and landing sequences, and energy replenishment plans, achieving efficient multi-UAV collaborative operations.

[0045] Furthermore, the intelligent control module 4 also includes a Beidou positioning module 407, which is wirelessly connected to the remote communication module 403 for UAV navigation and positioning. The Beidou positioning module 407 not only provides precise positioning for the UAV nest system itself, but also provides high-precision navigation and positioning services for UAVs operating within its control range through differential technology, enhancing flight reliability in complex terrain.

[0046] Furthermore, the intelligent cabin module 1 also includes a cabin, a sealed door, an automatic propeller retraction sensor, an intelligent temperature and humidity control system, and a propeller anti-collision buffer structure. The sealed door is located at the front of the cabin, the landing pad 101 is located at the center of the cabin interior, the automatic propeller retraction sensor is located around the landing pad 101, the intelligent temperature and humidity control system is located on the side wall of the cabin, and the propeller anti-collision buffer structure is located at the outer perimeter of the landing pad 101. The intelligent control module 4 is electrically connected to the intelligent temperature and humidity control system for regulating the temperature inside the cabin.

[0047] Specifically, the cabin is constructed using local high-altitude corrosion-resistant steel, with a surface coating that resists salt spray and sandstorms. A double-sealed door is hinged at the front of the cabin. An adaptive leveling, anti-slip landing pad 101 is located at the center of the cabin, with hydraulically adjustable outriggers underneath. This automatically levels the landing pad 101 during deployment, and its surface has anti-slip textures. Automatic propeller retraction sensors are installed around the landing pad 101; when the drone is detected landing, a signal is sent to automatically fold the propellers. An intelligent temperature and humidity control system is embedded in the side walls of the cabin, including evenly distributed heating elements, cooling fans, and dehumidifiers located in the corners. A flexible material propeller impact buffer structure is installed around the outer edge of the landing pad 101.

[0048] When the drone returns, the cabin door automatically opens, and the landing pad 101 is leveled. After landing, the propeller retraction sensor triggers, the propellers retract, and the cabin door closes to form a seal. Subsequently, the intelligent temperature and humidity control system automatically operates based on data from sensors inside the cabin: activating the heating element at night when temperatures are low; activating the cooling fan when the cabin temperature is too high in the afternoon; and activating the dehumidifier when humidity is high during the rainy season, always maintaining the cabin environment within the suitable operating range for electronic equipment. The intelligent cabin module 1, through its cabin structure designed for high-altitude environments, sealing scheme, and intelligent temperature control system, can effectively resist wind, sand, salt spray, condensation, and extreme temperatures, significantly reducing equipment failure rates.

[0049] Furthermore, for areas with sensitive plateau ecosystems, the in-house nest system is equipped with an ecological adaptation module, which includes a wildlife protection net and a biodegradable fixing base. The wildlife protection net is installed at the cabin ventilation openings and around the cabin exterior, while the biodegradable fixing base is installed at the bottom of the cabin.

[0050] Specifically, fine protective netting is installed at all ventilation openings and gaps between the cabin and the outside to prevent small animals from entering or getting injured. The entire nest system is not secured with traditional concrete, but rather connected to the ground via a biodegradable base. After the nest system is relocated or scrapped, the base can degrade in the natural environment, minimizing permanent damage to the ground.

[0051] Meanwhile, low-noise optimizations were made to moving parts such as the battery swapping mechanism 304 and the wind power generation unit. When the cabin doors open and close and the battery swapping mechanism 304 moves, a dust-free operation process can be initiated. By setting a micro-positive pressure airflow, dust is suppressed and dust pollution is avoided in the dry plateau environment.

[0052] Furthermore, the photovoltaic power generation unit 201 includes a 3.2 kWp monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic panel and a self-moving support. The self-moving support is installed on the top of the hull, and the monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic panel is mounted on the support, which also drives the panel's movement. The monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic panel is electrically connected to a wind-solar hybrid controller 204, which stores electrical energy in the energy storage battery pack 203. The wind power generation unit 202 is a vertical axis wind turbine. The wind power generation unit 202 is installed on a column on the outside of the hull to adapt to the variable wind direction in Qinghai.

[0053] Specifically, the monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic panels are moved using self-moving supports that follow a solar tracking algorithm to maximize the capture of intense solar radiation at high altitudes. These supports can track solar altitude and azimuth angles using single or dual axes and automatically adjust to a wind-resistant posture during periods of high wind and sand. The photovoltaic panels themselves employ high-altitude constant-temperature encapsulation technology to reduce hot spot effects and power attenuation caused by extreme day-night temperature differences. The wind power generation unit 202 uses a vertical-axis wind turbine, which is particularly suitable for utilizing the frequent but unpredictable wind energy in high-altitude regions due to its lack of wind resistance, low starting wind speed, and low operating noise. It is also relatively bird-friendly and meets ecological protection requirements.

[0054] Furthermore, the intelligent temperature and humidity control system includes heating elements, cooling fans, and dehumidifiers. The heating elements and cooling fans are distributed on the side walls of the cabin, while the dehumidifiers are distributed around the perimeter of the cabin.

[0055] Specifically, heating elements are evenly attached to the inner wall of the cabin section, providing uniform heat radiation. Dustproof cooling fans are distributed on the upper and lower parts of the cabin side walls to promote air circulation. Small rotary or condenser dehumidifiers are installed in the corners of the cabin to reduce humidity. The intelligent temperature and humidity control system is directly controlled by the edge computing module 402 in the intelligent control module 4. The control strategy is based on preset typical climate data of Qinghai: during extreme low temperatures in winter, insulation is prioritized with intermittent heating; during strong summer sunlight, the cabin may become a "greenhouse," so ventilation and heat dissipation are prioritized; during the rainy season or when there are large temperature differences between day and night that easily lead to condensation, dehumidification is activated to prevent short circuits and battery moisture.

[0056] The green energy drone nest system of this invention operates as follows in the high-altitude region of Qinghai: a wind-solar hybrid power generation system continuously collects renewable energy and stores it in batteries; an intelligent energy management system intelligently dispatches energy based on task load and weather forecasts. When a drone receives a task command, the hatch opens, and the drone flies out to perform tasks such as ecological monitoring. Upon return, a vision system guides it to land precisely. Subsequently, the system automatically selects wireless charging or fast battery swapping mode to replenish the drone's energy based on battery status and task urgency. Simultaneously, an edge computing module processes task data and transmits it back via remote communication. An intelligent control module 4 coordinates the orderly operation of multiple drones and monitors the overall health status of the nest. All processes are automatically completed inside and outside a robust, terrain-adaptive, and ecologically protected nest, achieving unmanned, sustainable, and low-interference operation in extreme environments and ecologically sensitive areas.

[0057] Example 1

[0058] The nesting system of Example 1 was used in the inspection of power transmission lines in Hainan Prefecture, Qinghai Province.

[0059] The total length of ultra-high voltage transmission lines in Hainan Prefecture exceeds 300 kilometers, mostly traversing remote areas such as mountains and grasslands. Traditional transmission lines rely on manual tower climbing or traditional drones. Manual inspection takes about 1 hour per kilometer and poses safety hazards for high-altitude operations. Traditional drones are limited by their flight range, with a single inspection distance of only 15 kilometers.

[0060] To address the aforementioned issues, two green energy drone-based power transmission line inspection pilot projects were deployed in Gonghe County, Hainan Prefecture, for a period of four months.

[0061] The drone-based solar panel system deploys one unit every 50 kilometers along the transmission line, equipped with a 15kWh smart energy storage battery pack. The photovoltaic power generation units are adapted to the large temperature differences between day and night at high altitudes, employing constant-temperature packaging to ensure stable photoelectric conversion efficiency. Through a multi-drone collaborative scheduling platform, transmission line inspection routes are preset. The drones, equipped with infrared thermometers, automatically detect temperature anomalies in key components such as transmission line joints and insulators, transmitting data back to the power operation and maintenance center in real time. The solar panel system enables fully unmanned operation of the drones, from autonomous take-off and landing to charging and data uploading. In actual operation, a single solar cell system in Example 1 can achieve a transmission line inspection mileage of 20-50 kilometers per day, which is 2-4 times higher than traditional manual inspection and 5 times higher than traditional drone inspection. The overall inspection cycle for 300 kilometers of transmission lines has been shortened from 3 months to 15 days, significantly improving inspection efficiency. Furthermore, during the pilot period, the solar cell system operated without failure for 18 days despite multiple sandstorms. The photovoltaic conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic modules remained above 17% under sandstorm conditions, and the charge-discharge stability of the energy storage battery pack reached 88%.

[0062] Example 2

[0063] The machine nest system in Example 2 was used in the inspection scenario of the Haixi Photovoltaic Power Station in Qinghai.

[0064] Haixi Prefecture is the core area of ​​Qinghai's photovoltaic industry, boasting 7.59GW of photovoltaic power plants. Traditional photovoltaic panel inspections rely on manual inspections on foot or using traditional drones. Manual inspection of a single panel takes approximately 3 minutes, while traditional drone inspections cost over 200 yuan per hour. Furthermore, many photovoltaic power plants are located in the Gobi Desert, with limited grid coverage and difficult refueling. To address this, three green energy drone systems have been deployed at the Golmud photovoltaic power plant in Haixi Prefecture as a pilot project for routine inspections of photovoltaic panel cleanliness and damage, with a pilot period of 6 months.

[0065] The drone-based solar power plant system is deployed according to the photovoltaic power plant area, with each system covering a 1GW photovoltaic area. The photovoltaic modules are adapted to the high-altitude, high-sunlight environment, and the photovoltaic power generation units can achieve real-time tracking of the solar azimuth angle, improving solar energy collection efficiency. A multi-drone collaborative scheduling platform works in conjunction with the photovoltaic power plant operation and maintenance system to plan the optimal inspection route based on the photovoltaic panel layout. The drones are equipped with high-definition thermal imaging cameras to automatically identify problems such as photovoltaic panel damage and dust accumulation, and abnormal data is immediately pushed to the power plant operation and maintenance terminal. The intelligent control module precisely regulates charging and discharging based on the photovoltaic power plant inspection workload (3 inspections per day), ensuring all-weather operation of the drones. The batteries have undergone over 300 charge-discharge cycles without degradation.

[0066] The single-unit solar panel inspection system in Example 2 can achieve a photovoltaic panel inspection speed of 1,000 panels per hour, which is 6 times faster than manual inspection and 3 times faster than traditional drones. The overall inspection cycle of the power station is shortened from once a month to twice a week, improving inspection efficiency. The annual operating cost of a single solar panel inspection system is approximately RMB 35,000, which is 80.6% lower than the annual inspection cost of traditional drones (RMB 180,000 per unit). During the pilot period, the annual carbon emissions of a single inspection route of 3 solar panel inspection systems decreased by 72%, and more than 200 photovoltaic panel fault points were identified with a fault identification accuracy rate of 98.9%. This proactively avoids power generation losses caused by photovoltaic panel faults, and the average monthly power generation of the pilot power station increased by 1.8% compared to before.

[0067] Therefore, this invention effectively solves the problems of energy, supply, protection, intelligent collaboration and ecological compatibility for continuous operation of UAVs in extreme plateau environments, and has high practical value and promotion prospects.

Claims

1. A smart integrated high-altitude green energy system combining wind, solar, energy storage, charging, and power swapping, characterized in that: include: Intelligent cabin module (1) for docking drones; The green energy supply module (2) is located around the smart cabin module (1) and is used to collect green energy and convert it into electrical energy for storage. A non-contact charging and swapping module (3) is installed inside the intelligent cabin module (1) and electrically connected to the green energy supply module (2) for charging and swapping the battery of the UAV. The intelligent control module (4) is installed inside the intelligent cabin module (1) and is electrically connected to the green energy supply module (2) and the non-contact charging and swapping module (3). It is used to monitor and control the operation status of the green energy supply module (2), the non-contact charging and swapping module (3) and the UAV, and at the same time communicates remotely with the operation and maintenance center (5).

2. The intelligent integrated plateau green energy generator system for wind, solar, energy storage, charging, and power swapping as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The green energy supply module (2) includes a photovoltaic power generation unit (201), a wind power generation unit (202), an energy storage battery pack (203), a wind-solar hybrid controller (204), an intelligent energy management system (205), and an off-grid inverter (206). The photovoltaic power generation unit (201) is located on the top of the intelligent cabin module (1), the wind power generation unit (202) is located outside the intelligent cabin module (1), and the energy storage battery pack (203) is located at the bottom of the intelligent cabin module (1). The output terminals of the photovoltaic power generation unit (201) and the wind power generation unit (202) are electrically connected to the energy storage battery pack (203) via the wind-solar hybrid controller (204). The intelligent energy management system (205) is electrically connected to the wind-solar hybrid controller (204), the off-grid inverter (206), and the contactless charging and swapping module (3), and dynamically schedules the state of the energy storage battery pack (203) according to the local wind and solar resource characteristics. The off-grid inverter (206) is electrically connected to the energy storage battery pack (203) for outputting AC power.

3. A smart integrated plateau green energy generator system for wind, solar, energy storage, charging, and power swapping as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The non-contact charging and swapping module (3) includes a wireless charging coil (301), a visual positioning system (302), and a supply control unit (303). The visual positioning system (302) is located on the top of the inner periphery of the intelligent cabin module (1) and is used to identify the location of the drone and guide the drone to stop. The wireless charging coil (301) is embedded in the landing pad (101) inside the intelligent cabin module (1) and is used to charge the drone's battery. The supply control unit (303) is electrically connected to the wireless charging coil (301), the visual positioning system (302), and the green energy supply module (2), and is used to regulate the wireless charging coil (301) for charging.

4. The intelligent integrated plateau green energy generator system for wind, solar, energy storage, charging, and power swapping as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The non-contact charging and swapping module (3) further includes a swapping mechanism (304) and a battery compartment (305) for storing batteries. The battery compartment (305) is located at the lower end of the smart cabin module (1) and on the outer periphery of the landing pad (101). The swapping mechanism (304) is located inside the smart cabin module (1) and is slidably connected to the battery compartment (305) and the landing pad (101) for swapping batteries in the battery compartment (305) or the UAV. The supply control unit (303) is electrically connected to the swapping mechanism (304) for controlling the swapping mechanism (304) to perform battery swapping.

5. The intelligent integrated plateau green energy generator system for wind, solar, energy storage, charging, and power swapping according to claim 2, characterized in that, The intelligent control module (4) includes a battery management system (401), an edge computing module (402), a remote communication module (403), a fault diagnosis and alarm unit (404), and a multi-machine collaborative scheduling platform (405) installed in the intelligent cabin module (1). The battery management system (401) is electrically connected to the energy storage battery pack (203) and the contactless charging and swapping module (3). The edge computing module (402) is electrically connected to the battery management system (401), the intelligent energy management system (205), the fault diagnosis and alarm unit (404), and the multi-machine collaborative scheduling platform (405). The edge computing module (402) is wirelessly connected to the operation and maintenance center (5) through the remote communication module (403).

6. The intelligent integrated plateau green energy generator system for wind, solar, energy storage, charging, and power swapping according to claim 5, characterized in that, The intelligent control module (4) also includes a Beidou positioning module (407), which communicates wirelessly with the remote communication module (403) for UAV navigation and positioning.

7. A smart integrated plateau green energy generator system for wind, solar, energy storage, charging, and power swapping as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The intelligent cabin module (1) also includes a cabin, a sealed door, an automatic propeller retraction sensor, an intelligent temperature and humidity control system, and a propeller anti-collision buffer structure. The sealed door is hinged to the front end of the cabin. The landing pad (101) is located in the center of the cabin. The automatic propeller retraction sensor is located around the landing pad (101). The intelligent temperature and humidity control system is located on the side wall of the cabin. The propeller anti-collision buffer structure is located on the outer periphery of the landing pad (101). The intelligent control module (4) is electrically connected to the intelligent temperature and humidity control system for controlling the temperature inside the cabin.

8. The intelligent integrated plateau green energy generator system for wind, solar, energy storage, charging, and power swapping as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an ecological adaptation module, which includes a wildlife disturbance prevention net and a biodegradable fixing base. The wildlife disturbance prevention net is installed at the cabin ventilation opening and on the outer perimeter, and the biodegradable fixing base is installed at the bottom of the cabin.

9. A smart integrated plateau green energy generator system for wind, solar, energy storage, charging, and power swapping according to claim 2, characterized in that, The photovoltaic power generation unit (201) includes a monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic panel and a self-moving bracket. The self-moving bracket is set on the top of the cabin. The monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic panel is set on the self-moving bracket and is used to drive the monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic panel to move. The monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic panel is electrically connected to the wind-solar hybrid controller (204). The wind power generation unit (202) is a vertical axis wind turbine.

10. A smart integrated plateau green energy generator system for wind, solar, energy storage, charging, and power swapping according to claim 7, characterized in that, The intelligent temperature and humidity control system includes a heating element, a cooling fan, and a dehumidifier. The heating element and the cooling fan are distributed on the side wall of the cabin, and the dehumidifier is distributed around the perimeter of the cabin.

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