A ship member hoisting anti-slipping clamping device

Abstract

The application discloses a ship component hoisting anti-sliding clamping equipment and relates to the technical field of hoisting structures. The equipment comprises a hoisting beam, a hoisting module for providing hoisting tension and maintaining hoisting balance is assembled above the hoisting beam, and a composite clamping mechanism is arranged below the hoisting beam. The composite clamping mechanism comprises a lateral clamping assembly and a bottom supporting assembly. The bottom supporting assembly comprises a rack ring and a sliding surface roller shaft, which is rolled and attached to the lower outer wall of the ship workpiece through the sliding surface roller shaft of the inner wall, and is used for lifting and supporting the bottom of the ship workpiece. The two form a wrapped composite clamping structure of bilateral holding and bottom lifting, and cooperatively form a wrapped structure of bilateral holding and bottom lifting. The workpiece is firmly limited in the clamping area. The structure design can uniformly disperse the dead weight of the ship workpiece, avoid the circumferential rolling, axial movement or slipping of the workpiece during hoisting, and significantly improve the safety and stability of the hoisting operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of hoisting structure technology, specifically to an anti-slip clamping device for hoisting ship components. Background Technology

[0002] At present, with the rapid development of the shipbuilding and marine engineering equipment industry, the hoisting and transfer of ship shafts, circular tube components and other circular shaft-type ship workpieces have put forward higher requirements for the clamping stability, anti-slip safety and ease of operation of hoisting equipment. Ship circular shaft components, such as stern shafts, rudder shafts and circular tube columns, are core components of the ship's power system and structural system. Their hoisting and transfer is a key process in the ship's final assembly and construction. The performance of hoisting equipment directly determines the shaft installation accuracy, construction safety and construction efficiency.

[0003] However, the lifting clamps used in the current shipbuilding industry for round shaft components still have significant shortcomings in terms of structural design and functional integration, making it difficult to adapt to the lifting characteristics of ship round shaft components. How to achieve reliable clamping on both sides, effective bottom support, and composite anti-slip and anti-detachment has become a key issue restricting the improvement of safety and efficiency in lifting operations of ship round shaft components.

[0004] In the current production process of hoisting and assembling ship cylindrical components, conventional double-sided clamping clamps or sling binding hoisting schemes are mostly used. The equipment mainly relies on the clamping force of the jaws on both sides to fix the workpiece, which has many prominent problems in actual operation: 1. Traditional clamps only apply clamping force to both sides of round shaft workpieces, leaving the bottom of the workpiece completely suspended in the air. Without effective support, the workpiece is prone to circumferential rolling and axial movement due to its own weight during hoisting, or even slipping out of the clamp, posing a serious safety hazard. At the same time, relying solely on clamping force from both sides for fixation can easily cause surface damage and stress concentration on the workpiece if the clamping force is too large, while insufficient clamping force cannot guarantee clamping reliability, making it difficult to balance the need for clamping force and workpiece protection.

[0005] 2. Existing clamps cannot provide synchronous support for the bottom of the workpiece while clamping on both sides. It is difficult to form a wrap-around composite clamping structure that combines clamping on both sides with bottom support. It cannot distribute the weight of the workpiece and cannot fundamentally solve the rolling and slippage problems during the lifting process. It cannot meet the lifting requirements of large-tonnage, long-shaft ship workpieces.

[0006] 3. Even some clamps with bottom supports have rigid sliding contact surfaces, which not only cannot be adapted to large-area contact support, but also easily scratch the workpiece surface. Furthermore, due to the workpiece's own weight and lifting impact, locking occurs, making it impossible to achieve smooth clamping and loosening. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a ship component hoisting anti-slip clamping device to solve the technical problems mentioned in the background section.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a ship component hoisting anti-slip clamping device for hoisting and clamping ship workpieces, comprising a hoisting beam, a hoisting module for providing hoisting tension and maintaining hoisting balance mounted above the hoisting beam, and a composite clamping mechanism below the hoisting beam, the composite clamping mechanism comprising a lateral clamping component and a bottom support component; the lateral clamping component comprises curved plate claws mounted on both sides of the ship workpiece, which are driven by the hoisting tension to synchronously retract in opposite directions, for applying lateral clamping to both sides of the ship workpiece; the bottom support component comprises a rack ring and a sliding roller shaft, the rack ring being movable to the bottom of the ship workpiece, and rolling against the lower outer wall of the ship workpiece through the sliding roller shaft on the inner wall, for supporting the bottom of the ship workpiece; the lateral clamping component and the bottom support component cooperate to form a wrap-around composite clamping structure of double-sided clamping and bottom lifting.

[0009] Furthermore, the hoisting module includes a main hook, balance slings, and lifting lugs. The lifting lugs are symmetrically and fixedly connected to both ends of the hoisting beam. The main hook is located directly above the hoisting beam and is assembled with the lifting lugs at both ends by two symmetrically arranged balance slings to balance the forces on both ends of the hoisting beam during the hoisting process.

[0010] Furthermore, the lateral clamping assembly also includes a sling and a hinge group. The upper end of the sling is movably connected to the lifting lug, and the lower end is hinged to the upper end of the hinge group. When the sling is pulled upward by the lifting force, it will drive the hinge group to move in conjunction, and the traction curved plate claws will simultaneously retract towards the center to automatically clamp the ship workpiece.

[0011] Furthermore, the hinge assembly is a scissor-type hinge structure, consisting of two cross-hinged connecting rods. The curved plate gripper is hinged to the hinge assembly via a connecting shaft. The inner clamping surface of the curved plate gripper is an arc-shaped surface adapted to the outer wall of the ship workpiece.

[0012] Furthermore, the rack ring is an incompletely annular structure, with two sets symmetrically arranged, and the rack ring is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the curved plate gripper.

[0013] Furthermore, the driving component includes gears and a driving shaft. Two sets of gears are provided corresponding to the rack rings, and the two sets of gears mesh with the two sets of rack rings respectively. The driving shaft is fixedly connected to the gears.

[0014] Furthermore, a limiting frame plate is fixedly connected to the side wall of the curved plate gripper. The limiting frame plate has a U-shaped groove structure, and the drive shaft is rotatably connected to the groove position of the limiting frame plate to limit the rotation of the drive shaft.

[0015] Furthermore, the inner wall of the rack ring is fixedly connected with a sandwich pad, the sliding roller shaft is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the sandwich pad, and the sliding roller shaft is distributed in a spiral shape along the bottom to the side of the ship workpiece, and its end forms a rolling contact with the surface of the ship workpiece.

[0016] Furthermore, the interlayer pad is a high-damping wear-resistant rubber pad, the thickness of which is adapted to the radius of the sliding roller shaft, so that the surface of the sliding roller shaft is slightly higher than the surface of the interlayer pad.

[0017] Furthermore, the inner wall of the sandwich pad is rotatably connected to a rigid roller shaft and a flexible roller shaft. The rigid roller shaft and the flexible roller shaft are arranged in an array along the same plane. The surface of the rigid roller shaft is provided with a groove. The axes of the rigid roller shaft and the flexible roller shaft are parallel to the axis of the ship workpiece. The two alternately adhere to the outer wall of the ship workpiece to form a rolling support structure with alternating hard and soft materials.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: (1) This device achieves all-round enveloping clamping of round shaft-shaped ship workpieces by setting up a composite clamping structure in which the lateral clamping component and the bottom support component work together, effectively solving the problem of unstable clamping caused by traditional hoisting equipment that only clamps on one or both sides and the bottom is suspended. The curved plate jaws in the lateral clamping assembly apply clamping force to both sides of the ship workpiece, while the rack ring of the bottom support assembly moves to the bottom of the workpiece to form a lifting support. The two work together to form a wrap-around structure of double-sided clamping and bottom lifting, which firmly confines the workpiece within the clamping area and achieves all-round fixation of the workpiece. This structural design can evenly distribute the self-weight of the ship workpiece, avoiding circumferential rolling, axial movement or slippage of the workpiece during hoisting, significantly improving the safety and stability of hoisting operations. At the same time, it is compatible with ship components of different sizes of round shafts, without the need for additional auxiliary fixing structures, simplifying the hoisting operation process and improving the versatility and practicality of the equipment.

[0019] (2) In actual use, this device drives the gear to rotate through the drive shaft, which in turn drives the two sets of incomplete ring rack rings arranged symmetrically to rotate and close synchronously. It can adapt to round shaft workpieces of different diameters, flexibly adjust the lifting position, and ensure the full lifting of the bottom of the workpiece. At the same time, the limiting frame plate effectively limits the rotation trajectory of the drive shaft, ensuring stable meshing between the gear and the rack ring, avoiding problems such as deviation and shaking during the drive process, and ensuring that the rack ring moves smoothly into place to form a reliable ring support structure. The interlayer pad of the inner wall of the rack ring is made of high damping wear-resistant rubber material, which can absorb the impact load during the hoisting process, reduce the rigid collision between the workpiece and the support structure, and take into account both the support strength and the workpiece protection requirements.

[0020] (3) Most importantly, this device achieves better adaptability, anti-locking effect and rolling support performance by distributing the sliding roller shafts in a spiral shape along the bottom to the side of the ship workpiece and rotating them to the sandwich pad on the inner wall of the rack ring. The spiral distribution structure can adapt to the arc outer wall of the round shaft workpiece, so that the sliding roller shaft and the workpiece surface can achieve full and uniform rolling contact, effectively disperse the support force, and avoid damage to the workpiece surface caused by excessive local force. At the same time, the spiral distribution can effectively counteract the axial movement and circumferential rolling tendency of the workpiece during the hoisting process. Combined with the rolling contact characteristics of the sliding roller shaft, it can prevent the workpiece from locking due to sliding friction between the workpiece and the support structure, and ensure the smoothness of the hoisting and transfer process. The surface of the sliding roller shaft is slightly higher than the surface of the sandwich pad, which can ensure effective contact between the roller and the workpiece, and absorb the hoisting impact through the buffering effect of the sandwich pad, further improving the stability of the support and the protection effect of the workpiece, and adapting to the hoisting needs of large tonnage and long-size ship components.

[0021] (4) This device achieves safe and non-destructive hoisting of high-precision, high-surface-quality ship workpieces by arranging the rigid and flexible roller shafts in an array along the same plane and opening grooves on the surface of the rigid roller shafts. The two alternately adhere to the outer wall of the ship workpiece to form a rolling support structure with alternating hard and soft surfaces. The array distribution in the same plane ensures that the rigid and flexible roller shafts are evenly attached to the outer wall of the workpiece, ensuring the uniform distribution of support force. At the same time, the axes of the two are parallel to the axis of the workpiece, which can effectively suppress the circumferential rolling and axial movement of the workpiece and ensure the stability of the workpiece posture during hoisting. The rigid roller shaft provides rigid support to ensure the lifting strength, while the flexible roller shaft provides elastic buffer to avoid scratches on the surface of the workpiece caused by rigid impact. The grooves on the surface of the rigid roller shaft increase the frictional damping with the outer wall of the workpiece, significantly improving the anti-slip ability under complex working conditions such as wetness and oil. It achieves non-destructive clamping and stable transfer of precision-machined ship workpieces, meeting the stringent requirements of surface protection and anti-slip stability for high-precision ship component hoisting. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the axial three-dimensional structure of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a frontal planar structural diagram of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the lateral clamping component in use according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the bottom clamping component in its initial state according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 5 This is a side view of the side clamping assembly in use according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the bottom clamping component in use according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the sliding roller shaft in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 8 This is a side view of the bottom clamping assembly in use according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 9 This is a top view of the sliding roller shaft structure in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the bottom clamping component in use in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 11 This is a planar schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the rigid shaft and the flexible shaft of the circular roller in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0033] Reference numerals: 1. Lifting beam; 11. Ship workpiece; 2. Lifting module; 21. Main hook; 22. Balance sling; 23. Lifting lug; 3. Composite clamping mechanism; 31. Lateral clamping assembly; 311. Hanging sling; 312. Hinge assembly; 313. Curved plate gripper; 314. Connecting shaft; 32. Bottom support assembly; 321. Rack ring; 322. Gear; 323. Drive shaft; 324. Limiting frame plate; 325. Interlayer pad; 326. Sliding roller shaft; 327. Hardened round roller shaft; 328. Groove; 329. Flexible round roller shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0034] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention; It should be noted that the lifting module 2 in this device has the function of providing lifting force transmission and horizontal balance of the lifting crossbeam 1, and realizes the force transmission and balance through the combined structure of the main hook 21, balance sling 22 and lifting lug 23 supporting the existing lifting equipment: the main hook 21 is directly connected to the lifting end of the existing crane and is used to receive the lifting force output by the crane; two balance slings 22 are symmetrically arranged, the upper ends of which are respectively hinged to both sides of the main hook 21, and the lower ends are respectively hinged to the lifting lugs 23 fixed at both ends of the lifting crossbeam 1 in a one-to-one correspondence, and are used to evenly distribute the lifting force received by the main hook 21 to both ends of the lifting crossbeam 1, ensuring that the lifting crossbeam 1 always maintains horizontal force balance during the lifting and transfer process and preventing the lifting crossbeam 1 from tilting; the working principles of the above components, such as the lifting load-bearing principle of the main hook 21, the force transmission and balance principle of the balance sling 22, and the load-bearing connection principle of the lifting lug 23, and the specific structures, such as the rated lifting capacity of the main hook 21, the material specifications and length of the balance sling 22, and the installation position and load-bearing strength of the lifting lug 23, are all prior arts. In view of the generality of these structures, the specific principles will not be described in detail hereinafter.

[0035] Embodiment 1: Please refer to Figure 1 - Figure 3 and Figure 7 shown, a ship component lifting anti-slip clamping device for performing lifting and clamping operations on a ship workpiece 11, including a lifting crossbeam 1, a lifting module 2 for providing lifting force and maintaining lifting balance is assembled above the lifting crossbeam 1, and a composite clamping mechanism 3 is arranged below the lifting crossbeam 1. The composite clamping mechanism 3 includes a lateral clamping component 31 and a bottom support component 32; the lateral clamping component 31 includes curved plate jaws 313 assembled on both sides of the ship workpiece 11, and the curved plate jaws 313 are driven by the lifting force to synchronously close towards each other for applying lateral clamping to both sides of the ship workpiece 11; the bottom support component 32 includes a rack ring 321 and a smooth surface roller shaft 326. The rack ring 321 can move to the bottom of the ship workpiece 11 and is in rolling contact with the lower outer wall of the ship workpiece 11 through the smooth surface roller shaft 326 on the inner wall for lifting and supporting the bottom of the ship workpiece 11; the lateral clamping component 31 and the bottom support component 32 cooperate with each other to jointly form a wrapped composite clamping structure of bilateral clamping and bottom lifting.

[0036] It should be noted that the hoisting module 2 includes a main hook 21, a balance sling 22, and a lifting lug 23. The lifting lug 23 is symmetrically fixedly connected to both ends of the hoisting beam 1. The main hook 21 is located directly above the hoisting beam 1. It is assembled with the lifting lug 23 at both ends by two symmetrically arranged balance slings 22, which are used to balance the force on both ends of the hoisting beam 1 during the hoisting process.

[0037] It should be added that the ship workpiece 11 targeted by this equipment is specifically a cylindrical steel structure component, mainly including long shaft or ring-shaped core ship components such as ship stern shaft, rudder shaft, cylindrical column and shaft system connectors, and the cross-sectional shape of the ship workpiece 11 is roughly circular, and its outer wall is an arc surface structure.

[0038] Please refer to Figure 2 - Figure 5 As shown, the lateral clamping assembly 31 also includes a hanging cable 311 and a hinge group 312. The upper end of the hanging cable 311 is movably connected to the lifting lug 23, and the lower end is hinged to the upper end of the hinge group 312. When the hanging cable 311 is pulled upward by the lifting force, it will drive the hinge group 312 to move in conjunction, and the traction curved plate jaw 313 will simultaneously retract towards the middle to automatically clamp the ship workpiece 11. The hinge group 312 is a scissor-type hinge structure, consisting of two cross-hinged connecting rods. The curved plate jaw 313 is hinged to the hinge group 312 through the connecting shaft 314. The inner clamping surface of the curved plate jaw 313 is an arc-shaped surface adapted to the outer wall of the ship workpiece 11.

[0039] Please refer to Figure 6 - Figure 9 As shown, the rack ring 321 is an incompletely annular structure with two sets symmetrically arranged. The rack ring 321 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the curved plate gripper 313. The driving component includes a gear 322 and a driving shaft 323. Two sets of gears 322 are arranged corresponding to the rack ring 321. The two sets of gears 322 mesh with the two sets of rack rings 321 respectively. The driving shaft 323 is fixedly connected to the gear 322. The side wall of the curved plate gripper 313 is fixedly connected to a limiting frame plate 324. The limiting frame plate 324 is a U-shaped groove structure. The driving shaft 323 is rotatably connected to the groove position of the limiting frame plate 324 to limit the rotation of the driving shaft 323.

[0040] It should be noted that the inner wall of the rack ring 321 is fixedly connected with a sandwich pad 325, and the sliding roller shaft 326 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the sandwich pad 325. The sliding roller shaft 326 is distributed in a spiral shape along the bottom to the side of the ship workpiece 11, and its end forms a rolling contact with the surface of the ship workpiece 11. The sandwich pad 325 is a high-damping wear-resistant rubber pad, and its thickness is adapted to the radius of the sliding roller shaft 326, so that the surface of the sliding roller shaft 326 is slightly higher than the surface of the sandwich pad 325.

[0041] Specifically, during the hoisting preparation stage, the entire equipment is first hoisted to the location of the ship workpiece 11 to be clamped. The external crane lowers the main hook 21 through the lifting end. The main hook 21 transmits the tension evenly to the lifting lugs 23 at both ends of the hoisting beam 1 through two symmetrically arranged balance slings 22, so that the hoisting beam 1 is kept in a horizontal position and falls steadily. During this process, the balance slings 22 and the lifting lugs 23 are always in a state of uniform force to avoid the hoisting beam 1 from tilting, and to provide a stable positioning foundation for the subsequent clamping operation.

[0042] like Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, after the equipment is lowered to a suitable height, the curved plate grippers 313 on both sides naturally surround the outside of the cylindrical ship workpiece 11. Then, the crane applies a lifting force upward, and the hanging cable 311 is pulled upward and gradually tensioned under the action of the force. The upper end of the hanging cable 311 is movably connected to the lifting lug 23, and the lower end pulls the hinge assembly 312, causing the two cross connecting rods of the scissor hinge structure to rotate relative to each other. Then, through the connecting shaft 314, the curved plate grippers 313 on both sides are synchronously driven to retract towards the center of the ship workpiece 11. The inner arc-shaped clamping surface of the curved plate grippers 313 gradually fits into the arc-shaped outer wall of the ship workpiece 11, and finally achieves a tight clamping of both sides of the ship workpiece 11, providing an initial fixing effect for the overall hoisting.

[0043] like Figure 4 As shown, after lateral clamping is completed, the rack ring 321 remains retracted inside the curved plate jaw 313. At this time, the operator applies rotational force to the drive shaft 323, such as... Figure 5 As shown, the symmetrically distributed drive shafts 323 on both sides need to be subjected to opposite rotational forces. Taking the drive shaft 323 on the right side of the ship workpiece 11 as an example, a counterclockwise rotational force is applied to the drive shaft 323 at this location, which in turn drives the rack ring 321 meshing with the gear 322 at this location to rotate clockwise. Conversely, a clockwise rotational force is applied to the drive shaft 323 on the left side of the ship workpiece 11, which drives the rack ring 321 meshing with the gear 322 at the corresponding location to rotate counterclockwise. During the entire rotation process, the drive shaft 323 rotates stably in the U-shaped groove of the limiting frame plate 324 without radial swaying or offset. The drive shaft 323 drives the two sets of gears 322 to rotate in opposite directions in sequence, which in turn drives the two sets of incompletely annular rack rings 321 to rotate and close synchronously towards the bottom of the ship workpiece 11 with the inner wall of the curved plate clamp 313 as support. Finally, an annular support structure is formed under the ship workpiece 11, providing bottom support space for the ship workpiece 11.

[0044] like Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, after the rack ring 321 is in place, the interlayer pad 325 fixed to its inner wall, along with the rack ring 321, adheres to the outer wall of the ship workpiece 11, and the sliding roller shaft 326 rotatably connected to the interlayer pad 325 forms rolling contact with the surface of the ship workpiece 11; as Figure 9 As shown, the sliding roller shaft 326 is spirally distributed along the bottom and side of the ship workpiece 11, which can adaptively conform to the arc surface and avoid clamping and locking. At the same time, it is slightly higher than the surface of the sandwich pad 325, which not only ensures smooth rolling support, but also absorbs the lifting impact through the sandwich pad 325 made of high damping wear-resistant rubber material.

[0045] During the overall lifting and transfer phase, the lateral clamping assembly 31 continuously applies a clamping force to the ship workpiece 11, and the bottom support assembly 32 forms a stable support through the rack ring 321 and the sliding roller shaft 326. The two work together to form a wrap-around composite clamping structure. The weight of the ship workpiece 11 is relatively evenly distributed to the clamping parts on both sides and the bottom support parts, effectively suppressing its circumferential rolling and axial movement. The rolling cooperation of the sliding roller shaft 326 can avoid scratches on the surface of the workpiece, ultimately achieving safe, stable and damage-free lifting and transfer operations for ship shaft components.

[0046] Example 1 is more suitable for the hoisting and transportation of large-tonnage, long-dimension round shaft components such as stern shafts, rudder shafts, long cylindrical columns, and heavy shafting forgings for medium and large-sized ships. It is especially suitable for complex open or semi-open construction scenarios such as ship assembly workshops, slipways, and docks. These components are usually heavy and their surfaces are mostly unpolished or heat-treated surfaces, requiring higher anti-locking, self-adaptive fitting, and anti-eccentric load capabilities of the support structure. The spiral distribution of the sliding roller shaft 326 along the bottom and side of the component can effectively counteract axial movement and circumferential rolling tendencies during the hoisting of long shafts. At the same time, it can accommodate the slight ellipticity of the component surface, balancing high-strength lifting and smooth rolling. It is suitable for batch hoisting operations of heavy ship shaft components where structural reliability, motion stability, and anti-interference capabilities are given priority, while the surface protection precision requirements are relatively moderate.

[0047] Example 2: Based on Example 1, please refer to... Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, a rigid roller shaft 327 and a flexible roller shaft 329 are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the interlayer pad 325. The rigid roller shaft 327 and the flexible roller shaft 329 are arranged in an array along the same plane. A groove 328 is provided on the surface of the rigid roller shaft 327. The axes of the rigid roller shaft 327 and the flexible roller shaft 329 are parallel to the axis of the ship workpiece 11. The two alternately adhere to the outer wall of the ship workpiece 11 to form a rolling support structure with alternating hard and soft materials.

[0048] Specifically, the motion flow of the hoisting preparation, lateral clamping assembly 31 and rack ring 321 positioning stage in Embodiment 2 is the same as that in Embodiment 1: the equipment is lowered into position by the crane, and after the hanging cable 311 is tensioned, the curved plate claw 313 is driven to complete the lateral clamping of the ship workpiece 11; the operator rotates the drive shaft 323 in the opposite direction, so that the two sets of rack rings 321 synchronously close to the bottom of the ship workpiece 11 to form a ring-shaped bottom support frame.

[0049] When the rack ring 321 is in place, the inner wall fixed sandwich pad 325 is attached to the outer wall of the ship workpiece 11, and the rigid roller shaft 327 and the flexible roller shaft 329 rotatably connected to the sandwich pad 325 form rolling contact with the workpiece surface; such as Figure 11 As shown, the rigid roller shaft 327 and the flexible roller shaft 329 are arranged in an array and staggered along the same plane. The axes of both are parallel to the axis of the ship workpiece 11. The groove 328 opened on the surface of the rigid roller shaft 327 can increase the frictional damping with the outer wall of the workpiece, while the flexible roller shaft 329 provides elastic buffer contact. The two alternately fit against the outer wall of the workpiece and rotate synchronously with the hoisting process to achieve stable rolling support for the workpiece.

[0050] During the overall lifting and transfer phase, the lateral clamping assembly 31 and the bottom support assembly 32 work together to form a wrap-around composite clamping structure; the alternating hard and soft structure of the rigid roller shaft 327 and the flexible roller shaft 329 ensures the lifting strength through rigid support and absorbs the lifting impact through soft buffer. At the same time, the friction damping of the groove 328 can suppress the circumferential rolling and axial movement of the workpiece, avoid hard contact that scratches the surface of the workpiece, and realize the safe and stable lifting and transfer operation of ship shaft components.

[0051] Example 2 is more suitable for hoisting operations of high-precision, high-surface-quality ship parts 11, such as precision bushings, hydraulic piston rods, precision-machined stern shafts, mirror-finish round shaft components, and thin-walled round tubes. It is especially suitable for indoor pre-assembly stations, shaft processing workshops, and post-painting transfer scenarios with stringent requirements for workpiece surface protection, anti-slip stability, and shock absorption. These workpieces typically have high surface finish and are prone to indentations and scratches, and some components have oil films, water stains, and other slippery conditions. The alternating hard and soft structure of the round roller hard shaft 327 and the round roller soft shaft 329 can provide sufficient rigid support while avoiding rigid impacts. Combined with the groove 328 to increase friction damping, it significantly improves the anti-slip ability under wet and oily conditions. The layout of the same plane array is also more conducive to ensuring the coaxiality and posture stability of precision components. It is suitable for the safe transfer of precision-machined ship round shaft components with higher requirements for surface non-destruction, reliable anti-slip, and shock absorption.

Claims

1. A ship component hoisting anti-slip clamping device for hoisting and clamping ship components, comprising a hoisting beam, wherein a hoisting module for providing hoisting tension and maintaining hoisting balance is mounted above the hoisting beam, characterized in that: A composite clamping mechanism is provided below the lifting beam. The composite clamping mechanism includes a lateral clamping component and a bottom support component. The lateral clamping component includes curved plate jaws mounted on both sides of the ship workpiece. The curved plate jaws are driven to retract synchronously in opposite directions by the lifting pulling force to apply lateral clamping to both sides of the ship workpiece. The bottom support component includes a rack ring and a sliding roller shaft. The rack ring can be moved to the bottom of the ship workpiece and rolls against the lower outer wall of the ship workpiece through the sliding roller shaft on the inner wall to support the bottom of the ship workpiece. The lateral clamping component and the bottom support component work together to form a wrap-around composite clamping structure that clamps on both sides and lifts the bottom.

2. The anti-slip clamping device for hoisting ship components according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hoisting module includes a main hook, balance slings, and lifting lugs. The lifting lugs are symmetrically fixedly connected to both ends of the hoisting beam. The main hook is located directly above the hoisting beam and is assembled with the lifting lugs at both ends by two symmetrically arranged balance slings to balance the force on both ends of the hoisting beam during the hoisting process.

3. The anti-slip clamping device for hoisting ship components according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lateral clamping assembly also includes a sling and a hinge assembly. The upper end of the sling is movably connected to the lifting lug, and the lower end is hinged to the upper end of the hinge assembly. When the sling is pulled upward by the lifting force, it will drive the hinge assembly to move in tandem, and the traction plate jaws will simultaneously retract towards the center, automatically clamping the ship workpiece.

4. The anti-slip clamping device for hoisting ship components according to claim 3, characterized in that: The hinge assembly is a scissor-type hinge structure, consisting of two cross-hinged connecting rods. The curved plate gripper is hinged to the hinge assembly via a connecting shaft. The inner clamping surface of the curved plate gripper is an arc-shaped surface adapted to the outer wall of the ship workpiece.

5. The anti-slip clamping device for hoisting ship components according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rack ring is an incompletely annular structure, with two sets arranged symmetrically, and the rack ring is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the curved plate gripper.

6. The anti-slip clamping device for hoisting ship components according to claim 5, characterized in that: The driving component includes gears and a driving shaft. Two sets of gears are provided corresponding to the rack rings, and the two sets of gears mesh with the two sets of rack rings respectively. The driving shaft is fixedly connected to the gears.

7. The anti-slip clamping device for hoisting ship components according to claim 6, characterized in that: The side wall of the curved plate gripper is fixedly connected to a limiting frame plate, which is a U-shaped groove structure. The drive shaft is rotatably connected to the groove of the limiting frame plate to limit the rotation of the drive shaft.

8. The anti-slip clamping device for hoisting ship components according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of each rack ring is fixedly connected with a sandwich pad, and the sliding roller shaft is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the sandwich pad. The sliding roller shaft is distributed in a spiral shape along the bottom to the side of the ship workpiece, and its end forms a rolling contact with the surface of the ship workpiece.

9. The anti-slip clamping device for hoisting ship components according to claim 8, characterized in that: The interlayer pad is a high-damping wear-resistant rubber pad, the thickness of which is adapted to the radius of the sliding roller shaft, so that the surface of the sliding roller shaft is slightly higher than the surface of the interlayer pad.

10. The anti-slip clamping device for hoisting ship components according to claim 8, characterized in that: The inner wall of the sandwich pad is rotatably connected to a rigid circular roller shaft and a flexible circular roller shaft. The rigid circular roller shaft and the flexible circular roller shaft are arranged in an array along the same plane. The surface of the rigid circular roller shaft is provided with a groove. The axes of the rigid circular roller shaft and the flexible circular roller shaft are parallel to the axis of the ship workpiece. The two alternately adhere to the outer wall of the ship workpiece to form a rolling support structure with alternating hard and soft materials.

Images