An automatic loading sling for concrete finished slabs

Abstract

The application discloses an automatic loading hoist for concrete finished plate materials, which comprises a factory building frame, a trolley and a hoist body, the trolley can move longitudinally and transversely along the factory building frame, and the hoist body is fixed to the bottom of the trolley; the hoist body comprises a top frame, a main frame and a bracket from top to bottom, the top frame is provided with a vertical movement assembly for driving the main frame to lift, the main frame is a multi-stage nested telescopic square tube structure, the bottom of the main frame is rotationally connected with the bracket through a rotating part, the bracket is provided with an upper frame, a moving frame, a fork frame body and forks, the upper frame is provided with a bracket distance adjusting assembly, and the fork adjusting distance assemblies are arranged between adjacent forks. The application can realize the full-process automation of taking, transferring and stacking of concrete plate materials, is suitable for multiple specifications of plate materials, is accurate in positioning, stable in structure, greatly improves the loading efficiency and operation safety, and is suitable for the large-scale production of prefabricated plate materials.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an automatic loading hoist for finished concrete slabs. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of the steam-concrete industry, the level of automation in its production process is constantly improving. However, the loading and transportation of finished concrete panels remains a core bottleneck restricting the improvement of production efficiency. In existing technologies, the loading of finished concrete panels is mostly completed manually in conjunction with bridge cranes and simple lifting tools. During the operation, multiple steps such as hooking, alignment, stabilization, and unhooking need to be performed manually. This not only results in high labor intensity and low work efficiency, making it difficult to match the large-scale and continuous production rhythm of precast panels, but also poses significant safety hazards such as personnel working at heights and panels falling.

[0003] While existing lifting equipment can perform basic lifting operations, it cannot achieve flexible spacing adjustment and can only be adapted to a single specification of sheet material and matching pallet. When the size of the sheet material produced changes, it is necessary to stop the machine to replace the lifting equipment or manually adjust the lifting components. The changeover time is long and the versatility is poor, which seriously affects the continuity of production.

[0004] Furthermore, the existing equipment suffers from poor multi-dimensional motion coordination and insufficient precision in longitudinal, lateral, and vertical motion control, making it impossible to achieve precise alignment and stacking of the sheet metal. This easily leads to sheet metal collisions and edge damage, resulting in a higher scrap rate and increased production costs. Moreover, for factories with low ceilings, the existing hoisting equipment cannot effectively meet the usage requirements.

[0005] Currently, the industry urgently needs an automated loading hoist that can achieve full-process automation, adapt to multiple specifications of sheet metal, provide precise positioning, and have a stable structure to fill the gap in existing technology. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing concrete precast slab loading hoists, such as low automation, poor versatility, insufficient positioning accuracy, and weak structural stability, and to provide an automatic loading hoist for concrete precast slabs. This hoist can realize unmanned and automated operation of the entire process of concrete precast slab picking, transfer, stacking, and loading, while also having good multi-specification adaptability.

[0007] An automatic loading hoist for finished concrete slabs includes a factory frame, an overhead crane, and the hoist body.

[0008] The top of the factory building frame is equipped with a crane that can move in both longitudinal and transverse directions. The bottom of the crane is fixedly installed with a lifting device body. The lifting device body includes a top frame, a main frame and a bracket from top to bottom. The top frame is equipped with a vertical motion component for driving the main frame to move vertically. The main frame is a multi-level nested telescopic square tube structure.

[0009] The bottom of the main frame is rotatably connected to the bracket via a rotating component; the bracket includes an upper frame and at least one set of movable frames, the upper frame is provided with a bracket adjustment component for driving the lateral displacement of the movable frames, the movable frames are fixedly connected to the fork body, and several forks are laterally movable and installed at the bottom of the fork body, and a fork adjustment component for adjusting the fork spacing is provided between adjacent forks.

[0010] Furthermore, the vertical motion component includes a bidirectional winch, a fixed pulley, and a wire rope. The bidirectional winch is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the top frame, and the fixed pulley is fixedly installed at the end of the main frame. The wire rope is wound between the bidirectional winch and the fixed pulley. The bidirectional winch drives the main frame to complete the vertical lifting and lowering action by winding and releasing the wire rope. Through the transmission mechanism of the bidirectional winch, fixed pulley, and wire rope, the synchronous winding and releasing of the wire rope can be achieved, ensuring the smoothness of the lifting and lowering action.

[0011] Furthermore, the vertical motion component is a multi-stage hydraulic cylinder, with the cylinder body connected to the top frame and the push rod connected to the main frame. Using a multi-stage hydraulic cylinder as the vertical drive component allows for large-stroke lifting and lowering within a very small installation space, resulting in a more compact structure and significantly optimizing the spatial layout of the top of the lifting device.

[0012] Furthermore, the main frame includes a first square tube, a second square tube, and a third square tube nested sequentially from the inside out. The top of the third square tube is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the top frame, the bottom of the first square tube is fixedly connected to the upper end of the rotating component, and the lower end of the rotating component is fixedly connected to the upper frame of the bracket. The rotating component can drive the bracket to rotate around a vertical axis. Using a three-level nested square tube structure as the main load-bearing frame ensures the overall structural rigidity of the main frame during telescopic lifting and telescoping, effectively avoiding bending and radial swaying during lifting and heavy-load hoisting, and significantly improving the stability of hoisting operations.

[0013] Furthermore, a slide rail is fixedly laid on the side of the upper frame, and a slider is slidably fitted on the slide rail. The slider is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the moving frame through an L-shaped slide plate mounting bracket. The sliding fit structure of the slide rail and the slider provides high-precision full-range guidance for the lateral movement of the moving frame, ensuring that the moving frame will not experience radial offset or movement jamming during the adjustment process.

[0014] The bracket adjustment assembly includes a main cylinder. The cylinder body of the main cylinder is fixed to the upper frame via a fixing plate. The push rod of the main cylinder is fixedly connected to the moving frame. The main cylinder drives the moving frame to move laterally along the slide rail through the extension and retraction of the push rod. Using the main cylinder as the driving component of the bracket adjustment assembly results in a fast response speed, enabling rapid adjustment of the lateral displacement of the moving frame and achieving quick coarse adjustment of the hoisting width. This adapts to concrete slabs and matching pallets of different widths.

[0015] Furthermore, a mounting plate is fixedly installed at the base of the fork, and adjacent mounting plates are connected by a fork carriage adjustment assembly. The fork carriage adjustment assembly includes two racks arranged in opposite directions and a transmission gear meshing with both racks. A servo motor is connected to the rotating shaft of the transmission gear, driving the transmission gear to rotate and causing the two racks to move synchronously in opposite directions. The mounting plate at the base of the fork provides a stable mounting foundation for the fork, ensuring structural stability when the fork is lifting heavy loads, and also provides a reliable mounting point for the fork carriage adjustment assembly.

[0016] Furthermore, there are two movable frames, which are arranged symmetrically opposite to each other along the central axis of the upper frame. The two movable frames arranged symmetrically opposite to each other along the central axis of the upper frame can move synchronously in opposite directions or in the opposite direction under the drive of the bracket adjustment component, so as to ensure that the force on both sides of the bracket is completely symmetrical during the hoisting process and avoid problems such as deformation of the lifting equipment and tilting of the plate caused by uneven loading.

[0017] The two moving frames can move synchronously in opposite directions or in the opposite direction under the drive of the bracket adjustment assembly; a limit switch is fixedly installed on the side of the upper frame, and the limit switch is used to limit the maximum lateral displacement of the moving frame.

[0018] Furthermore, the movable frame is fixedly connected to the fork body via a guard plate. The upper half of the guard plate is fixedly connected to the side beam of the movable frame, and the lower half of the guard plate is fixedly connected to the side of the fork body. A triangular reinforcing frame is fixedly installed on the back of the fork body, and the two ends of the triangular reinforcing frame are fixedly connected to the top and bottom of the fork body, respectively.

[0019] As the intermediate connecting component between the moving frame and the fork body, the guard plate can achieve rigid force transmission between the two, ensuring that the lateral displacement of the moving frame can be synchronously transmitted to the fork body. At the same time, the guard plate can form a full-wrap protection for the sides of the fork body, avoiding collisions between the plates, pallets and transmission components of the fork body during hoisting, and effectively protecting the internal precision structure.

[0020] Beneficial effects:

[0021] Through the coordinated operation of longitudinal moving components, lateral moving components, vertical motion components and rotating parts, the lifting device can be adjusted in all dimensions and angles in three-dimensional space. It can automatically complete the entire unmanned operation of concrete finished slabs from the billet conveyor line to the stacking and loading on the transport vehicle without human intervention. This greatly reduces the labor intensity of the operators, effectively avoids the safety hazards of falls from heights and slabs falling caused by manual operation, and significantly improves the efficiency of loading operations.

[0022] Meanwhile, the dual-stage adjustment structure composed of the bracket adjustment component and the fork adjustment component enables coarse adjustment and precise fine adjustment of the lifting width. It can flexibly adapt to concrete finished slabs and matching pallets of different sizes and specifications, and can complete the loading of products of different specifications without stopping the machine to change the lifting tools.

[0023] Finally, the multi-level nested telescopic square tube structure serves as the main load-bearing frame, combined with the triangular reinforcement frame design on the back of the forklift body, significantly improving the overall structural strength and heavy-load stability of the lifting equipment. It is less prone to deformation and cracking under long-term heavy-load operation, effectively extending the equipment's service life and reducing equipment maintenance costs during production. Furthermore, it is suitable for use in factories with low ceilings, reducing construction requirements. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an automatic loading hoist for finished concrete slabs;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting device when lifting two blanks;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting device when it extends downwards;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the bracket assembly at the bottom of the lifting device;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the top structure of the bracket assembly;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the extension part in the lifting device;

[0030] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of the spacing adjustment part in the bracket assembly;

[0031] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the bracket assembly;

[0032] In the diagram: 1. Ground, 2. Factory frame, 3. Transport vehicle, 4. Billet, 5. Longitudinal moving assembly, 6. Chassis, 7. Electrical cabinet, 8. Fixed pulley, 9. First square tube, 10. Second square tube, 11. Third square tube, 12. Bidirectional winch, 13. Fork, 14. Pallet, 15. Mounting plate, 16. Fork carriage adjustment assembly, 17. Slide bar, 18. Rotating component, 19. Slide plate mounting bracket, 20. Slide rail, 21. Bracket adjustment assembly, 22. Upper frame, 23. Guard plate, 24. Limit switch, 25. Side moving beam, 26. Fixed plate, 27. Middle moving beam, 28. Lateral moving assembly, 29. Billet conveyor line, 30. Triangular reinforcing frame. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To enhance understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments and accompanying drawings. These embodiments are only used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] Example 1: As Figure 1-8 As shown, this embodiment discloses an automatic loading hoist for precast concrete slabs. The hoist is installed inside the factory frame 2 of the precast slab production workshop. The factory frame 2 is fixedly installed on the ground 1. A longitudinal moving component 5 is provided on the top of the factory frame 2. The longitudinal moving component 5 includes two parallel longitudinal guide rails laid along the length of the factory, as well as a longitudinal drive motor and a transmission rack. A frame 6 is slidably installed on the longitudinal guide rails. The longitudinal drive motor can drive the frame 6 to complete longitudinal displacement along the longitudinal guide rails.

[0035] The frame 6 is equipped with a lateral movement component 28, which includes two parallel lateral guide rails laid along the width of the factory, as well as a lateral drive motor and a transmission rack. A crane is slidably installed on the lateral guide rails. The lateral drive motor can drive the crane to complete lateral displacement along the lateral guide rails. The longitudinal movement component 5 and the lateral movement component 28 work together to drive the crane to complete the full range of position adjustment in the plane, fully covering the material picking station and loading station in the workshop.

[0036] The bottom of the overhead crane is fixedly equipped with a lifting device body. The lifting device body includes a top frame, a main frame, and a bracket from top to bottom. The upper surface of the top frame is fixedly equipped with an electrical cabinet 7 and a vertical motion component. In this embodiment, the vertical motion component adopts a wire rope drive structure, specifically including a bidirectional winch 12, a fixed pulley 8, and a high-strength wire rope (not shown in the figure). The bidirectional winch 12 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the top frame, and the fixed pulley 8 is fixedly installed at the end of the main frame. The wire rope is wound between the bidirectional winch 12 and the fixed pulley 8. The bidirectional winch 12 is electrically connected to the control module in the electrical cabinet 7. It can drive the main frame to complete the vertical lifting action by winding and unwinding the wire rope. It can adapt to material picking and loading positions at different heights and meet the loading needs of different types of freight vehicles.

[0037] The main frame is a three-level nested telescopic square tube structure, specifically including a first square tube 9, a second square tube 10, and a third square tube 11 nested sequentially from the inside out. The top of the third square tube 11 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the top frame, the bottom of the first square tube 9 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the rotating component 18, and the lower end of the rotating component 18 is fixedly connected to the upper frame 22 of the bracket. In this embodiment, the rotating component 18 adopts a servo-driven slewing bearing structure, which can drive the bracket to complete any angle adjustment within a 360° range around the vertical axis.

[0038] The bracket includes an upper frame 22, two movable frames, two sets of fork bodies, and four forks 13. The two movable frames are symmetrically arranged opposite each other along the central axis of the upper frame 22. A slide rail 20 is fixedly laid on the side of the upper frame 22, and a slider is slidably fitted on the slide rail 20. The slider is fixedly connected to an L-shaped slide plate mounting bracket 19, and the bottom of the slide plate mounting bracket 19 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the corresponding movable frame. Two sets of bracket adjustment components 21 are provided on the upper frame 22. The bracket adjustment component 21 is a main cylinder. The cylinder body of the main cylinder is fixed to the end of the upper frame 22 by a fixing plate 26. The push rod of the main cylinder is fixedly connected to the side moving beam 25 of the corresponding movable frame. The two sets of main cylinders can synchronously drive the two movable frames to move in opposite directions along the slide rail 20, realizing coarse adjustment of the lifting width. It can be adapted to most specifications of finished concrete slabs and matching pallets 14 on the market.

[0039] A limit switch 24 is also fixedly installed on the side of the upper frame 22. The limit switch 24 is electrically connected to the control module in the electrical cabinet 7 to limit the maximum lateral displacement of the moving frame and prevent equipment collision failure caused by overtravel.

[0040] The movable frame includes a side movable beam 25 and a middle movable beam 27. A guard plate 23 is fixedly connected to the side of the side movable beam 25. The upper half of the guard plate 23 is fixedly connected to the side movable beam 25, and the lower half of the guard plate 23 is fixedly connected to the side of the fork body. The movable frame can drive the fork body to move laterally synchronously via the guard plate 23. A triangular reinforcing frame 30 is fixedly installed on the back of the fork body.

[0041] The fork 13 is divided into two groups, which are installed at the bottom of the two fork bodies in a laterally movable manner. The fork 13 is made of high-strength alloy steel plate, and an installation plate 15 is fixedly installed at the base. A slide rod 17 is fixedly laid on the fork body, and the installation plate 15 is slidably sleeved on the slide rod 17. A fork adjustment assembly 16 is provided between two adjacent installation plates 15.

[0042] The fork spacing adjustment assembly 16 includes two racks arranged in opposite directions and a transmission gear that meshes with the two racks simultaneously. The rotating shaft of the transmission gear is connected to a servo motor, which is electrically connected to the control module in the electrical cabinet 7. The servo motor drives the transmission gear to rotate, causing the two racks to move synchronously in opposite directions, thereby achieving precise adjustment of the spacing between adjacent forks 13. This allows the forks 13 to be smoothly inserted into the gap at the bottom of the pallet 14, completing the stable lifting and hoisting of the pallet 14 and the concrete finished slab blank 4.

[0043] In this embodiment, the finished concrete slab blank 4 is installed on the pallet 14, and the pallet 14 is arranged sequentially on the blank conveying line 29. The blank conveying line 29 is set inside the factory frame 2, which can realize continuous automated feeding of the blank 4. The transport vehicle 3 is a freight flatbed truck that can drive directly into the loading station inside the factory frame 2 to undertake the loading operation of the slab.

[0044] The operation process in this embodiment is as follows:

[0045] S1. Before operation, the transport vehicle 3 drives into the preset loading station inside the factory frame 2. The billet conveying line 29 transports the pallet 14 loaded with concrete finished slab billets 4 to the preset material picking station. The control module has preset slab stacking logic and equipment operating parameters.

[0046] S2. During operation, the longitudinal moving component 5 and the transverse moving component 28 work together to drive the overhead crane to move, moving the main body of the lifting device to directly above the material picking station. The bidirectional winch 12 of the vertical moving component releases the wire rope, driving the main frame to extend downwards and causing the bracket to descend to the preset material picking height.

[0047] S3. Subsequently, the main cylinder of the bracket spacing adjustment assembly 21 is activated, driving the two moving frames to move in opposite directions, moving the fork carriage body and forks 13 to both sides of the pallet 14. The servo motor of the fork carriage spacing adjustment assembly 16 is activated, precisely adjusting the spacing of the forks 13 so that the gap between the forks 13 and the bottom of the pallet 14 is precisely aligned.

[0048] S4. The bidirectional winch 12 winds up the wire rope, driving the bracket and billet 4 to rise to the preset transfer height. The longitudinal moving component 5 and the transverse moving component 28 work together to drive the overhead crane to move directly above the transport vehicle 3. The rotating component 18 drives the bracket to rotate to the corresponding angle according to the preset stacking logic. The bidirectional winch 12 releases the wire rope, accurately stacking the billet 4 into the carriage of the transport vehicle 3. The fork 13 is pulled out from the bottom of the pallet 14, completing one loading operation. By repeating the above steps, the fully automated continuous loading operation can be completed.

[0049] Example 2

[0050] This embodiment discloses an automatic loading hoist for finished concrete slabs. Its main structure is basically the same as that of Embodiment 1, the difference being the drive structure of the vertical motion component. In this embodiment, the vertical motion component adopts a hydraulic drive structure. The hydraulic drive structure has a stronger load-bearing capacity and better stability during the lifting process, making it suitable for hoisting large-sized concrete billets.

[0051] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic loading device for finished concrete slabs, characterized in that, This includes the factory building frame, overhead crane, and main lifting equipment. The top of the factory building frame is equipped with a crane that can move in both longitudinal and transverse directions. The bottom of the crane is fixedly installed with a lifting device body. The lifting device body includes a top frame, a main frame and a bracket from top to bottom. The top frame is equipped with a vertical motion component for driving the main frame to move vertically. The main frame is a multi-level nested telescopic square tube structure. The bottom of the main frame is rotatably connected to the bracket via a rotating component; the bracket includes an upper frame and at least one set of movable frames, the upper frame is provided with a bracket adjustment component for driving the lateral displacement of the movable frames, the movable frames are fixedly connected to the fork body, and several forks are laterally movable and installed at the bottom of the fork body, and a fork adjustment component for adjusting the fork spacing is provided between adjacent forks.

2. The automatic loading hoist for finished concrete slabs according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vertical motion assembly includes a bidirectional winch, a fixed pulley, and a wire rope. The bidirectional winch is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the top frame, the fixed pulley is fixedly installed at the end of the main frame, and the wire rope is wound between the bidirectional winch and the fixed pulley. The bidirectional winch drives the main frame to complete the vertical lifting action by winding and unwinding the wire rope.

3. The automatic loading hoist for finished concrete slabs according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vertical motion component is a multi-stage hydraulic cylinder, with the cylinder body connected to the top frame and the push rod of the hydraulic cylinder connected to the main frame.

4. An automatic loading hoist for finished concrete slabs according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The main frame includes a first square tube, a second square tube, and a third square tube arranged sequentially from the inside out. The top of the third square tube is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the top frame, the bottom of the first square tube is fixedly connected to the upper end of the rotating component, and the lower end of the rotating component is fixedly connected to the upper frame of the bracket. The rotating component can drive the bracket to rotate around the vertical axis.

5. An automatic loading hoist for finished concrete slabs according to claim 4, characterized in that, The upper frame is fixedly provided with a slide rail, and a slider is slidably fitted on the slide rail. The slider is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the movable frame through an L-shaped slide plate mounting bracket. The bracket adjustment assembly includes a main cylinder. The cylinder body of the main cylinder is fixed to the upper frame by a fixing plate. The push rod of the main cylinder is fixedly connected to the moving frame. The main cylinder drives the moving frame to move laterally along the slide rail by extending and retracting the push rod.

6. An automatic loading hoist for finished concrete slabs according to claim 4, characterized in that, A mounting plate is fixedly installed at the base of the fork, and two adjacent mounting plates are connected by a fork carriage adjustment assembly. The fork carriage adjustment assembly includes two racks arranged in opposite directions and a transmission gear that meshes with the two racks simultaneously. The rotation shaft of the transmission gear is connected to a servo motor, which drives the transmission gear to rotate, thereby causing the two racks to move synchronously in opposite directions.

7. An automatic loading hoist for finished concrete slabs according to claim 6, characterized in that, The number of the movable frames is two, and the two movable frames are arranged symmetrically opposite each other along the central axis of the upper frame. The two moving frames can move synchronously in opposite directions or in the opposite direction under the drive of the bracket adjustment assembly; a limit switch is fixedly installed on the side of the upper frame, and the limit switch is used to limit the maximum lateral displacement of the moving frame.

8. An automatic loading hoist for finished concrete slabs according to claim 7, characterized in that, The movable frame is fixedly connected to the fork body via a guard plate. The upper half of the guard plate is fixedly connected to the side beam of the movable frame, and the lower half of the guard plate is fixedly connected to the side of the fork body. A triangular reinforcing frame is fixedly installed on the back of the fork body, and the two ends of the triangular reinforcing frame are fixedly connected to the top and bottom of the fork body, respectively.

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