Underwater anti-dispersion quick-setting polymer two-component grouting material

Abstract

The application provides an underwater anti-dispersion quick-setting polymer two-component grouting material, a preparation method and application, and relates to the technical field of shield tunnel grouting materials. The material is composed of two components A and B; A is a cement-based slurry, and B is a high-molecular water solution; the B component is mixed in an amount of 5% to 8% of the mass of the A powder. A polyacrylamide, polyvinyl alcohol and hydroxyethyl cellulose ternary high-molecular compound synergistic system is constructed; the polyacrylamide and the polyvinyl alcohol are fixedly distributed in the B component; the hydroxyethyl cellulose can be in the A or B component; and the hydroxyethyl cellulose can be divided into type I conventional type and type II early strength type. The application realizes controllable quick setting, underwater anti-dispersion and stable strength, solves the problems of poor durability, easy pipe blockage and strength reduction of traditional cement-sodium silicate slurry, and is suitable for shield conventional grouting, high-water-pressure water gushing section emergency plugging and rescue reinforcement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of grouting materials for shield tunnels, and in particular to a two-component underwater anti-dispersion fast-setting polymer grouting material. Background Technology

[0002] During shield tunnel construction, synchronous grouting at the tail of the shield is a crucial step in filling the annular gap between the tunnel segments and the surrounding rock, controlling ground settlement, and preventing groundwater leakage. In complex geological conditions such as water-rich, flowing water, and underwater environments, the grouting environment experiences high water pressure and strong water scouring, placing stringent requirements on grouting materials, including resistance to water dispersion, rapid setting and early strength, pumpability, and ease of construction. Existing shield grouting materials are mainly divided into two categories: ordinary cement-based single-component grout and cement-water glass double-component grout. Ordinary cement-based single-component grout has a long setting time and is easily diluted, dispersed, and lost by water flow in flowing water and underwater environments, resulting in incomplete filling and insufficient later strength, which can easily lead to problems such as segment floating, ground settlement, and tunnel leakage. Although traditional cement-water glass double-component grout can achieve rapid setting, it is difficult to control the gelation time, is prone to pipe blockage, and has poor durability and resistance to water dispersion. Existing two-component grouting materials also struggle to simultaneously achieve underwater anti-dispersion, controllable rapid setting, stability, long-term storage, and ease of construction, resulting in insufficient adaptability.

[0003] Therefore, developing an underwater anti-dispersion and controllable rapid setting polymer two-component grouting material with underwater anti-dispersion and rapid setting properties is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in the field of underground tunnel engineering. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention aims to provide an underwater anti-dispersion fast-setting polymer two-component grouting material.

[0005] One objective of this invention is to provide an underwater anti-dispersion fast-setting polymer two-component grouting material, the grouting material comprising component A and component B; Component A is a cement-based slurry, which is obtained by mixing powder and water. Component B is a polymer aqueous solution; The amount of component B is 5% to 8% of the mass of the powder. The raw materials for the grouting material include polyacrylamide, polyvinyl alcohol, and hydroxyethyl cellulose; The polyacrylamide and the polyvinyl alcohol are provided by component B; The hydroxyethyl cellulose is provided by component A or component B.

[0006] Preferably, the powder of component A includes silicate cement, fly ash, fine sand, and mineral admixtures; The mineral admixtures include bentonite or cementitious materials; The raw materials for the cementitious material include special cement, hydroxyethyl cellulose, and retarder.

[0007] Preferably, the amount of the cementitious material added is 8% to 12% of the mass of component A.

[0008] Preferably, the mass ratio of the special cement, hydroxyethyl cellulose and retarder is (97~98):1:(1.4~1.6).

[0009] Preferably, component A comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-40 parts silicate cement, 10-25 parts fly ash, 40-50 parts fine sand, 5-10 parts mineral admixtures, and 37.5-75 parts water.

[0010] Preferably, when the hydroxyethyl cellulose is provided by component A, component B comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 26.4-30 parts of polyacrylamide, 3.6-6 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 8-12 parts of lithium chloride, and 152-162 parts of water.

[0011] Preferably, when the hydroxyethyl cellulose is provided by component B, component B comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8-12 parts hydroxyethyl cellulose, 26.4-44 parts polyacrylamide, 3.6-6 parts polyvinyl alcohol, and 152-352 parts water.

[0012] The second objective of this invention is to provide a method for preparing the underwater anti-dispersion fast-setting polymer two-component grouting material as described above, comprising the following steps: S1. Prepare the powder of component A according to the formula, add 50%~60% water of the total mass of the powder, stir evenly to obtain liquid A; S2. Add the raw materials of component B to water according to the ratio, and stir until completely dissolved to obtain solution B; S3. Liquid A and liquid B are respectively transported to the mixer at the grouting port through independent pipelines to obtain an underwater anti-dispersion fast-setting polymer two-component grouting material.

[0013] The third objective of this invention is to provide an application of the underwater anti-dispersion fast-setting polymer two-component grouting material as described above in shield tunnel construction.

[0014] Preferably, when the hydroxyethyl cellulose is provided by component B, the grouting material is suitable for underwater seepage prevention, ground reinforcement, and non-rushing underwater engineering construction.

[0015] Preferably, when the hydroxyethyl cellulose is provided by component A, the grouting material is suitable for underwater emergency leak sealing and reinforcement construction in high water pressure, gushing water and dynamic water environments.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are: This invention introduces polyacrylamide, polyvinyl alcohol, and hydroxyethyl cellulose into the grouting material to construct a ternary polymeric compound synergistic system of polyacrylamide-hydroxyethyl cellulose-polyvinyl alcohol. Polyacrylamide and polyvinyl alcohol are fixedly distributed in component B, while hydroxyethyl cellulose is distributed in either component A or component B. Polyacrylamide rapidly bridges cement and aggregate particles to form a gel network, achieving rapid grout setting; hydroxyethyl cellulose enhances the grout's viscosity and water retention properties; and polyvinyl alcohol strengthens the stability of the network structure. The synergistic effect of these three components effectively improves the underwater anti-dispersion ability of the grout, achieving the following results: Type I suspended solids content ≤140 mg / L, stone formation rate ≥98.5%, 28-day water-to-land strength ratio ≥68.0%, and bleeding rate ≤2.2%; Type II suspended solids content ≤135 mg / L, stone formation rate ≥98.0%, and 28-day water-to-land strength ratio ≥70.0%. With a bleeding rate of ≤1.5%, the gelation time is controllable within the range of 20-40 seconds, ensuring the stability of the stone body strength. Type I has a 4-hour compressive strength >0.8MPa, a 3-day compressive strength >2MPa, and a 28-day compressive strength >5MPa. Type II has a 4-hour compressive strength >2MPa, a 3-day compressive strength >4MPa, and a 28-day compressive strength >8MPa. This solves the problems of easy underwater dispersion, difficult control of setting time, and poor long-term strength stability of existing shield grouting materials, and meets the requirements of synchronous grouting construction of underground tunnel shields. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to embodiments. In the following description, certain specific details are included to provide a comprehensive understanding of the various disclosed embodiments. However, those skilled in the art will recognize that embodiments can be implemented without employing one or more of these specific details, but using other methods, components, materials, etc. Unless otherwise required by the present invention, the terms "comprising" and "including" should be interpreted in an open-ended, inclusive sense, meaning "including but not limited to". Throughout this specification, "an embodiment," "an embodiment," "a preferred embodiment," or "some embodiments" means that at least one embodiment includes a specific reference element, structure, or feature related to that embodiment. Therefore, the phrases "in an embodiment," "in an embodiment," "in a preferred embodiment," or "in some embodiments" appearing in different places throughout the specification do not necessarily all refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, specific elements, structures, or features may be combined in one or more embodiments in any suitable manner.

[0018] According to a first aspect of the present invention, an underwater anti-dispersion fast-setting polymer two-component grouting material is provided, the grouting material comprising component A and component B; Component A is a cement-based slurry, which is obtained by mixing powder and water. Component B is a polymer aqueous solution; The amount of component B is 5% to 8% of the mass of the powder. The raw materials for the grouting material include polyacrylamide, polyvinyl alcohol, and hydroxyethyl cellulose; The polyacrylamide and the polyvinyl alcohol are provided by component B; The hydroxyethyl cellulose is provided by component A or component B.

[0019] In this invention, the underwater anti-dispersion fast-setting polymer two-component grouting material is divided into Type I conventional type and Type II early-strength type, depending on the application scenario. In both Type I conventional type and Type II early-strength type, polyacrylamide and polyvinyl alcohol are fixedly added to component B and do not change with the working conditions. Only hydroxyethyl cellulose is selectively added to component A or component B depending on the working conditions. When hydroxyethyl cellulose is added to component B, the underwater anti-dispersion fast-setting polymer two-component grouting material is Type I conventional type. Type I conventional type is suitable for conventional shield tunneling synchronous grouting conditions, i.e., underwater seepage prevention, ground reinforcement, and non-inrush water underwater engineering construction. When hydroxyethyl cellulose is added to component A, the underwater anti-dispersion fast-setting polymer two-component grouting material is Type II early-strength type. Type II early-strength type is suitable for emergency conditions requiring ultra-early strength, such as high water pressure and inrush water sections.

[0020] In this invention, the dosage of component B is 5% to 8% of the mass of component A powder. This dosage range can control the gelation time of the slurry. If the dosage is too low, it will easily lead to insufficient fast setting effect and weak anti-dispersion performance. If the dosage is too high, it will cause pipeline blockage due to excessively fast gelation. This ratio takes into account both the pumpable construction time and the requirement for rapid setting.

[0021] Polyacrylamide is distributed in component B. As a high-molecular flocculant and bridging agent, its molecular chain contains a large number of active groups. After the mixture of components A and B, it can quickly adsorb solid particles such as cement particles and sand particles, forming a three-dimensional network flocculation structure between the particles. This promotes the instantaneous coagulation of the slurry into a whole, achieving rapid gelation. At the same time, it enhances the bonding strength between slurry particles, solving the problems of difficult control of gelation time and easy pipe blockage in traditional cement-water glass two-liquid slurry. Polyvinyl alcohol is also distributed in component B. It forms intermolecular interactions with polyacrylamide, strengthens the gel network skeleton, improves the stability of the network structure, avoids network collapse caused by underwater erosion, and ensures that the stone body is dense and has stable strength.

[0022] In Type I conventional grouting materials, hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) is present in component B. HEC is pre-dissolved in an aqueous solution and uniformly mixed with polyacrylamide and polyvinyl alcohol. After components A and B are mixed, HEC participates in the structural construction of the composite grout system. In this addition method, HEC primarily functions during the grout mixing and molding stage, regulating the rheological properties of the composite grout, inhibiting particle sedimentation and grout bleeding, maintaining the homogeneity and stability of the grout system, and giving the grouting material excellent underwater anti-dispersion capabilities.

[0023] Meanwhile, this system does not contain coagulation-promoting ions. The hydroxyl groups on the hydroxyethyl cellulose molecular chain form hydrogen bonds with the silanol groups on the surface of cement particles, forming a hydration protective film on the particle surface. This provides a stable reaction interface for polyacrylamide and polyvinyl alcohol, inhibiting rapid hydration. The amide groups in the polyacrylamide molecular chain hydrolyze to generate carboxyl groups, which coordinate with calcium ions to build a cross-linked framework on the stable interface of hydroxyethyl cellulose. The hydroxyl groups of polyvinyl alcohol form hydrogen bonds with cement hydration products, reinforcing the water-retaining structure of hydroxyethyl cellulose and improving the flexibility of the polyacrylamide cross-linked network. The three synergistically regulate the hydration and polymer cross-linking reaction rates, making the gelation cycle gradual and controllable, effectively extending the pumpable time. After curing, the hydrogen bond network and the coordination cross-linking structure are stably superimposed. Hydroxyethyl cellulose locks in water and stabilizes the structure, polyacrylamide enhances particle adhesion, and polyvinyl alcohol improves the toughness of the stone body. The structure is dense and has a low shrinkage rate, providing stable seepage prevention and stratum reinforcement capabilities, making it suitable for conventional shield tunneling construction scenarios with low water pressure and no concentrated water inrush.

[0024] In Type II early-strength grouting materials, hydroxyethyl cellulose (HFC) is present in component A. HFC is directly mixed and coexisted with inorganic cementitious powders such as cement and fly ash. This allows for early control of the dispersion state of inorganic powders during the preparation of component A, improving the uniformity of the base grout, preventing powder agglomeration and sedimentation, and reducing grout segregation and bleeding. After mixing components A and B, the hydroxyl groups of the HFC molecular chains form hydrogen bonds with cement hydration products, providing adsorption sites for lithium ions from lithium chloride dissociation. This promotes rapid penetration of lithium ions into the polyacrylamide molecular chains, weakening electrostatic repulsion and accelerating chain segment extension. Simultaneously, the long chains of HFC interweave within the polyacrylamide crosslinking network, bridging inorganic hydration particles and polymeric segments, synergistically promoting the coagulation of lithium chloride, and jointly participating in the system's crosslinking reaction. This, combined with the hydration and hardening process of the inorganic cementitious materials, shortens the gelation time and constructs a dense and stable polymer-inorganic composite crosslinking network structure. Therefore, this addition method can adapt to the construction requirements of early strength and rapid setting, allowing the grouting material to quickly complete gel formation and form a stable structure under conditions of abundant water, high water pressure and water inrush, thus meeting the construction requirements of rapid water sealing and structural load bearing under complex conditions.

[0025] The above three polymer components constitute a ternary polymer compound synergistic system, which complements each other and enhances the synergistic effect. Combined with the control of the dosage of component B and the differentiated design of the two types of formulas, it can be adapted to conventional construction and emergency water plugging conditions respectively. It can solve the problems of insufficient durability and easy shrinkage of the later strength of traditional cement-water glass two-liquid grout, and make up for the defects of existing grouting materials that cannot simultaneously achieve underwater anti-dispersion, controllable rapid setting and long-term strength stability.

[0026] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the powder of component A includes silicate cement, fly ash, fine sand, and mineral admixtures; The mineral admixtures include bentonite or cementitious materials; The raw materials for the cementitious material include special cement, hydroxyethyl cellulose, and retarder.

[0027] In this invention, ordinary silicate cement serves as the main cementitious component. Upon contact with water, it undergoes a hydration reaction to generate strength, providing the foundation for the system's strength and ensuring the overall mechanical properties of the grouting material after hardening. Fly ash fills the gaps between particles, optimizing the workability of the grout, reducing the heat of hydration, and simultaneously improving the later-stage strength and durability of the hardened body. Fine sand, as aggregate, forms a skeletal support structure, increasing the density of the grout and reducing shrinkage cracking. Bentonite is used in the Type I conventional A component to optimize the cohesive properties and water retention capacity of the cement-based grout, reducing grout bleeding and segregation. Cementitious materials are used in the Type II early-strength A component to enhance the system's bonding performance and early-stage structural stability. The aforementioned inorganic components work together: ordinary silicate cement hydration provides the cementing foundation, fly ash optimizes the microstructure, fine sand provides skeletal support, and bentonite / cementing materials regulate slurry stability and hydration process; they can also form a synergistic effect with polyacrylamide and polyvinyl alcohol in component B: inorganic hydration products provide calcium ions and reaction interfaces, promoting the hydrolysis and cross-linking of polyacrylamide; the combination of bentonite colloidal network and hydroxyethyl cellulose hydrogen bond network enhances the toughening and stabilizing effect of polyvinyl alcohol, constructing an inorganic-polymer composite network, improving the overall working performance of the slurry, enhancing structural stability in underwater environments, and adapting to the engineering application requirements of shield tunneling synchronous grouting.

[0028] Special cement, as the main cementitious material, generates stable hydration products through hydration reaction, which can improve the early bonding strength and structural integrity of the cementitious system, while enhancing the system's impermeability and erosion resistance, providing long-term stable mechanical support for the grout body, and effectively solving the problems of insufficient early strength and easy structural collapse of traditional cementitious materials.

[0029] Hydroxyethyl cellulose, as a functional modifying component, has the triple effects of thickening, water retention and anti-dispersion. It can effectively improve the cohesiveness and water retention of the grout, inhibit the bleeding and segregation of the grout in the underwater environment, and avoid the loss of solid particles. At the same time, its molecular chain can form hydrogen bonds with cement hydration products, further strengthening the microstructure of the cementitious system, improving the integrity and density of the grout, and adapting to the special working conditions of underwater grouting.

[0030] As a construction compatibility control component, retarders can regulate the hydration rate and setting time of the cementitious system, avoiding problems such as pipeline blockage and construction delays caused by excessively rapid setting. At the same time, they can effectively extend the pumpable time of the grout, ensuring a uniform and continuous grouting process. In addition, retarders can optimize the microstructure of cement hydration products, reduce shrinkage cracks caused by concentrated hydration heat, and further improve the later-stage strength stability and durability of the cementitious system.

[0031] The synergistic effect of these three factors enables the cementitious material to possess early-stage bonding ability, underwater anti-dispersion properties, and pumpability during construction. This overcomes the shortcomings of traditional cementitious materials, such as easy underwater dispersion, slow strength development, and poor construction adaptability, ensuring the mechanical properties and long-term stability of the grout body after hardening and meeting the requirements of shield tunneling synchronous grouting projects.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the amount of the cementitious material added is 8% to 12% of the mass of component A. In this invention, the amount of cementitious material added is 8% to 12% of the mass of component A, for example, 8%, 9%, 10%, 11% or 12%. This range of values ​​allows the Type II early-strength component A to balance early strength, work stability and construction adaptability, ensuring that the overall performance of the grouting material is balanced and controllable.

[0033] When the amount of cementitious material added is less than 8%, the proportion of cementitious material is insufficient, and the early hydration products provided by special cement are too few, which cannot effectively improve the early strength and structural density of the system. This results in insufficient early bonding ability of the Type II early strength A component and a decrease in underwater anti-dispersion performance, making it difficult to meet the requirements of rapid water sealing and load bearing under high water pressure and water inrush conditions. At the same time, the proportion of hydroxyethyl cellulose and retarder is relatively low, which leads to poor slurry stability and easy occurrence of stratification, segregation, and bleeding. This shortens the pumping time and makes it difficult to ensure the continuity of construction.

[0034] When the amount of cementitious material added is higher than 12%, the cementitious material ratio is too high, the hardening rate of special cement is too fast, the early hardening heat is released in a concentrated manner, which can easily induce shrinkage cracks inside the grout, affecting the later strength stability and durability. At the same time, the grout consistency increases and the viscosity rises, the pumping resistance increases, which is not conducive to long-distance transportation and can easily cause pipeline blockage.

[0035] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mass ratio of the special cement, hydroxyethyl cellulose and retarder is (97~98):1:(1.4~1.6).

[0036] In this invention, the mass ratio of the special cement, hydroxyethyl cellulose, and retarder is, for example, 97:1:1.4, 97.5:1:1.5, or 98:1:1.6. This ratio range represents the optimized proportion of Component A in the Type II early-strength system. This ratio ensures that the special cement plays a major cementitious role, hydroxyethyl cellulose provides a stabilizing modification effect, and the retarder regulates the hydration process, resulting in optimal synergistic matching among the three. Within this range, the proportion of special cement is sufficient to ensure rapid early strength formation; the proportion of hydroxyethyl cellulose is moderate, balancing slurry thickening and stability with underwater anti-dispersion capabilities; and the amount of retarder is reasonable, both delaying initial setting and extending pumpable time without affecting early strength formation. The mutually compatible proportions of the three components enable the Type II early-strength system to simultaneously satisfy early strength, slurry stability, and construction compatibility, achieving a balance in overall performance.

[0037] When the proportion of special cement is less than 97%, the type II early-strength cementitious matrix is ​​insufficient, the early hydration products are insufficient, the early strength of the system is low, and the structural density decreases. When the proportion is higher than 98%, the retarder is relatively insufficient, the hydration rate is too fast, which can shorten the pumpable time and increase the risk of pipeline blockage.

[0038] When the relative proportion of retarder is less than 1.4, the retarding effect of Type II early strength retarder is weak, the slurry setting time is shortened, and the construction operation window is insufficient; when the proportion is higher than 1.6, the retarding is excessive, the early strength formation is delayed, which is not conducive to emergency water sealing and rapid load-bearing conditions.

[0039] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, component A comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-40 parts silicate cement, 10-25 parts fly ash, 40-50 parts fine sand, 5-10 parts mineral admixtures, and 37.5-75 parts water.

[0040] In this invention, component A comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: for example, 20 parts silicate cement, 10 parts fly ash, 40 parts fine sand, 5 parts mineral admixture, and 37.5 parts water; 30 parts silicate cement, 18 parts fly ash, 45 parts fine sand, 8 parts mineral admixture, and 55 parts water; 40 parts silicate cement, 25 parts fly ash, 50 parts fine sand, 10 parts mineral admixture, and 75 parts water; 25 parts silicate cement, 15 parts fly ash, 42 parts fine sand, 6 parts mineral admixture, and 45 parts water; 35 parts silicate cement, 22 parts fly ash, 48 parts fine sand, 9 parts mineral admixture, and 65 parts water. Portland cement, in a dosage range of 20–40 parts, serves as the main cementitious component, continuously generating hydration products through hydration reactions to provide basic strength for the system. Fly ash, in a dosage range of 10–25 parts, fills the voids between cement particles through particle gradation, optimizing the internal particle packing structure of the paste and reducing porosity; it also participates in secondary hydration reactions using its own activity. Fine sand, in a dosage range of 40–50 parts, constructs a rigid support framework, which can disperse the stress generated during the hardening stage and constrain the shrinkage and deformation of the cementitious matrix. Mineral admixtures, in a dosage range of 5–10 parts, inhibit particle agglomeration and sedimentation by regulating the interparticle interface, thereby improving the suspension stability of the paste. Water, added in a dosage range of 37.5–75 parts, participates in cement hardening and disperses various solid particles, regulating the fluidity of the paste and the cement hardening rate.

[0041] When the amount of silicate cement is less than 20 parts, the cementitious component is insufficient, and the overall strength of the grout is low in the early and later stages; when the amount is more than 40 parts, the heat of hydration is large, the hardening shrinkage is large, and shrinkage cracks are easily generated.

[0042] When the amount of fly ash is less than 10 parts, the particle filling effect is poor, the porosity of the slurry is high, and the later strength improvement is limited; when the amount is more than 25 parts, the proportion of active components is too high, which will dilute the cementitious system and lead to slow early strength development.

[0043] When the amount of fine sand is less than 40 parts, the rigid skeleton is not sufficiently supported, and the shrinkage deformation after hardening is too large; when the amount is more than 50 parts, the cohesiveness of the slurry decreases, and segregation and bleeding are prone to occur, resulting in poor stability.

[0044] When the amount of mineral admixture is less than 5 parts, the slurry particles are prone to agglomeration and sedimentation, resulting in insufficient uniformity; when the amount is more than 10 parts, the cementitious system is excessively diluted, and the overall mechanical properties of the stone body decrease.

[0045] When the water content is less than 37.5 parts, the slurry consistency is too high and the pumpability is poor; when the water content is higher than 75 parts, the slurry is too thin, and after hardening, the porosity increases and the strength decreases.

[0046] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the hydroxyethyl cellulose is provided by component A, component B comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 26.4-30 parts of polyacrylamide, 3.6-6 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 8-12 parts of lithium chloride, and 152-162 parts of water.

[0047] In this invention, when the hydroxyethyl cellulose is provided by component A, component B comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: for example, 26.4 parts polyacrylamide, 3.6 parts polyvinyl alcohol, 8 parts lithium chloride, and 152 parts water; 27.2 parts polyacrylamide, 4.2 parts polyvinyl alcohol, 9 parts lithium chloride, and 155 parts water; 28.0 parts polyacrylamide, 5.0 parts polyvinyl alcohol, 10 parts lithium chloride, and 158 parts water; 29.0 parts polyacrylamide, 5.5 parts polyvinyl alcohol, 11 parts lithium chloride, and 160 parts water; or 30.0 parts polyacrylamide, 6.0 parts polyvinyl alcohol, 12 parts lithium chloride, and 162 parts water. Polyacrylamide, in the dosage range of 26.4–30 parts, plays a flocculating and thickening role, increasing the viscosity of the system through molecular chain cross-linking and adsorption, and improving the gel-forming ability of the mixture of component B and component A. Polyvinyl alcohol, in the dosage range of 3.6–6 parts, can enhance the hydrogen bonding between polymer chain segments, improve the film-forming properties and toughness of the system, and optimize the crack resistance of the cured body. Lithium chloride, in the dosage range of 8–12 parts, dissociates into lithium ions and chloride ions. Lithium ions can compress the polymer double layer, reduce the electrostatic repulsion between polyacrylamide and polyvinyl alcohol molecules, promote the approach of molecular chains and accelerate cross-linking and association, shorten the gel curing time of the system, and enhance the stability of the polymer network structure through ionic bonding, thereby improving the early strength of the cured body. Chloride ions can regulate the ionic strength of the system, reduce polymer agglomeration, and improve the homogeneity of the slurry. Water, in the dosage range of 152–162 parts, dissolves each component, regulates the polymer dissolution rate and the rheological properties of the system, and ensures that each component is fully dispersed and reacted.

[0048] If the amount of polyacrylamide is less than 26.4 parts, the polymer content is insufficient, the degree of cross-linking is low, the viscosity of the slurry is low, and the gel forming ability is poor; if the amount is more than 30 parts, the molecular chains are excessively entangled, the viscosity of the slurry is too high, and the pumpability decreases.

[0049] If the amount of polyvinyl alcohol is less than 3.6 parts, the toughening component of the polymer is insufficient, and the cured body is prone to cracking; if the amount is more than 6 parts, the flexible component is too much, which will weaken the rigid network and reduce the early strength.

[0050] If the amount of lithium chloride is less than 8 parts, there will be insufficient dissociated lithium ions, resulting in a weak polymer crosslinking promotion effect, slow gel solidification speed, and low early strength. If the amount is more than 12 parts, the ionic strength will be too high, which will lead to excessive shrinkage of polymer chains, local flocculation, uneven structure, and a decrease in strength.

[0051] If the amount of water is less than 152 parts, the polymer components will not dissolve sufficiently and the slurry will be unevenly dispersed; if the amount is more than 162 parts, the system will be over-diluted, the concentration of cross-linking products will decrease, and the gel strength will decrease.

[0052] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the hydroxyethyl cellulose is provided by component B, component B comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8-12 parts of hydroxyethyl cellulose, 26.4-44 parts of polyacrylamide, 3.6-6 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, and 152-352 parts of water.

[0053] In this invention, when the hydroxyethyl cellulose is provided by component B, component B comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: for example, 8 parts hydroxyethyl cellulose, 26.4 parts polyacrylamide, 3.6 parts polyvinyl alcohol, and 152 parts water; 9 parts hydroxyethyl cellulose, 30 parts polyacrylamide, 4 parts polyvinyl alcohol, and 200 parts water; 10 parts hydroxyethyl cellulose, 35 parts polyacrylamide, 5 parts polyvinyl alcohol, and 250 parts water; 11 parts hydroxyethyl cellulose, 40 parts polyacrylamide, 5.5 parts polyvinyl alcohol, and 300 parts water; or 12 parts hydroxyethyl cellulose, 44 parts polyacrylamide, 6 parts polyvinyl alcohol, and 352 parts water. Hydroxyethyl cellulose, in the range of 8–12 parts, relies on the hydrophilic groups on its molecular chain to adsorb water molecules, thus playing a water-retaining and thickening role, effectively inhibiting slurry bleeding and particle sedimentation, while building a polymer network structure to improve the suspension stability of the slurry; polyacrylamide, in the range of 26.4–44 parts, increases the viscosity of the system through molecular chain entanglement and cross-linking, and when combined with hydroxyethyl cellulose, it enhances the gel forming ability and regulates the slurry setting rate; polyvinyl alcohol, in the range of 3.6–6 parts, enhances the toughness of the polymer network through intermolecular hydrogen bonds, improving the shrinkage and crack resistance of the cured body; water, in the range of 152–352 parts, serves as a dissolving and dispersing medium, allowing each polymer component to fully swell and disperse, adjusting the rheological properties of the slurry, ensuring good pumpability after mixing component B and component A, and smoothly undergoing the gel reaction.

[0054] When the amount of hydroxyethyl cellulose is less than 8 parts, the water retention and thickening effect is insufficient, the slurry is prone to bleeding and particle sedimentation; when the amount is more than 12 parts, the viscosity of the slurry is too high, the pumpability decreases, and the raw material cost increases.

[0055] When the amount of polyacrylamide is less than 26.4 parts, the crosslinking components are insufficient, the gel formation is slow, and the early strength of the cured body is low; when the amount is more than 44 parts, the molecular chains are excessively associated, the viscosity of the slurry increases sharply, and the construction fluidity becomes poor.

[0056] When the amount of polyvinyl alcohol is less than 3.6 parts, the system has insufficient toughness and the cured body is prone to shrinkage cracks; when the amount is more than 6 parts, the proportion of flexible components is too high, which weakens the rigidity of the crosslinking network and leads to low early strength.

[0057] When the amount of water used is less than 152 parts, the polymer components do not dissolve and swell sufficiently, and the components are not evenly dispersed; when the amount used is more than 352 parts, the system is over-diluted, the effective concentration of polymer is insufficient, and the overall strength of the gel is reduced.

[0058] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a method for preparing an underwater anti-dispersion fast-setting polymer two-component grouting material as described above is provided, comprising the following steps: S1. Prepare the powder of component A according to the formula, add 50%~60% water of the total mass of the powder, stir evenly to obtain liquid A; S2. Add the raw materials of component B to water according to the ratio, and stir until completely dissolved to obtain solution B; S3. Liquid A and liquid B are respectively transported to the mixer at the grouting port through independent pipelines to obtain an underwater anti-dispersion fast-setting polymer two-component grouting material.

[0059] In this invention, during the preparation of Type I conventional grouting material, step S1 involves adding silicate cement, fly ash, fine sand, and bentonite according to the specified proportions, along with 50%–60% water by weight of the total powder and stirring. Silicate cement serves as the main cementitious component, fly ash optimizes the particle size distribution, fine sand forms a rigid framework, and bentonite regulates the rheological properties of the grout. All components are fully impregnated and dispersed, forming a homogeneous, stable, and non-bleeding / sedimenting liquid (A-liquid). During the preparation of Type II early-strength grouting material, step S1 involves adding silicate cement, fly ash, fine sand, and cementitious materials, along with 50%–60% water by weight of the total powder and stirring. The cementitious material consists of special cement, hydroxyethyl cellulose, and a retarder. The special cement rapidly hydrates to generate early-strength products, hydroxyethyl cellulose enhances grout stability, and the retarder regulates the hydration rate, forming liquid A that combines early strength with long-term pumpability.

[0060] In step S2, for Type I (conventional type), hydroxyethyl cellulose, polyacrylamide, and polyvinyl alcohol are added to water and stirred to dissolve. Hydroxyethyl cellulose regulates the rheological properties of the system and inhibits particle sedimentation; polyacrylamide constructs a flocculation bridging network; and polyvinyl alcohol enhances the toughness of the system. All polymer components fully swell and expand, forming a highly stable, anti-bleeding solution B. For Type II (early-strength type), polyacrylamide, polyvinyl alcohol, and lithium chloride are added to water and stirred to dissolve. Lithium chloride dissociates lithium ions, accelerating the polymer cross-linking reaction; polyacrylamide rapidly forms a gel network; and polyvinyl alcohol improves the toughness of the solidified body, forming a coagulating, early-strength solution B. Stepwise addition of materials avoids localized over-concentration of polymers and uneven swelling, while thorough stirring ensures that the solution B is uniform, stable, and has controllable performance.

[0061] In step S3, both Type I and Type II use independent pipelines to transport liquid A and liquid B respectively, which can avoid the two liquids coming into contact prematurely and causing a pre-gel reaction, thus fundamentally eliminating the risk of pipeline blockage. The grouting port is mixed immediately. Type I conventional type quickly forms a stable gel with excellent anti-bleeding and anti-settlement performance, and is suitable for construction in conventional sections of shield tunnels and low water pressure environments. Type II early strength type rapidly cross-links and promotes coagulation, with rapid early strength development and strong underwater anti-dispersion ability, and is suitable for high water pressure, water inrush sections and key nodes for rapid water sealing and load-bearing construction requirements.

[0062] The above preparation process precisely matches the differentiated raw material systems and performance requirements of Type I and Type II. The process is simple, the parameters are controllable, and the operation is convenient. It can stably prepare grouting materials with excellent working performance, mechanical properties, and underwater anti-dispersion properties, meeting the engineering application requirements of different working conditions of shield tunneling synchronous grouting.

[0063] According to a third aspect of the present invention, an underwater anti-dispersion fast-setting polymer two-component grouting material as described above is provided for use in shield tunnel construction. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the hydroxyethyl cellulose is provided by component B, the grouting material is suitable for underwater seepage prevention, stratum reinforcement and non-rushing underwater engineering construction.

[0064] In this invention, the Type I conventional grouting material relies on the hydroxyethyl cellulose in component B to regulate the rheological properties of the system and inhibit particle sedimentation. Combined with polyacrylamide and polyvinyl alcohol, it forms a stable and controllable polymer gel system with a moderate gelation time, a long pumping window, and overall stable grout condition. The hardening and cross-linking reaction rates within the system are gradual, resulting in low shrinkage after curing and excellent seepage prevention. It can form a uniform and dense reinforced sealing layer for the surrounding rock and shield tail gap. In conventional shield tunnel construction sections, under conditions of low groundwater pressure and no risk of concentrated water inrush, it can achieve long-term seepage prevention, surrounding rock consolidation and gap filling, block groundwater seepage, and improve the overall stability of the strata. It is suitable for synchronous grouting in conventional shield tunnel sections, reinforcement of non-inrush underwater strata, and seepage prevention and sealing projects.

[0065] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the hydroxyethyl cellulose is provided by component A, the grouting material is suitable for underwater emergency leak sealing and reinforcement construction in environments with high water pressure, gushing water, and dynamic water.

[0066] In this invention, hydroxyethyl cellulose in the Type II early-strength grouting material is pre-dispersed within the inorganic cementitious system in component A, which improves grout uniformity and reduces particle settling. After mixing with component B, the cross-linking process is accelerated under the action of lithium chloride, resulting in a rapid hardening and cross-linking reaction rate within the system. This allows for quick gel solidification, rapidly forming a continuous sealing structure. The solidified structure exhibits good overall integrity, resisting water flow disturbances and water pressure impacts, enabling rapid sealing of leakage channels. It is suitable for emergency leak sealing and reinforcement scenarios in high-water-pressure sections of shield tunnels, concentrated water inrushes, and dynamic water environments, ensuring construction safety.

[0067] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, after the mixture of liquid A and liquid B is gelled for 20-40 seconds, it is injected into the shield tail gap or a designated grouting location through the grouting pipe; after grouting is completed, the equipment and pipelines can be directly rinsed with clean water.

[0068] In this invention, the gelation time after mixing liquid A and liquid B is, for example, 20s, 25s, 30s, 35s, or 40s. Type I hydroxyethyl cellulose is distributed in component B, and its molecular chain hydroxyl groups form a hydrogen-bonded protective film with the cement particles in component A, slowing down the cement hydration and polymer crosslinking rate. Polyacrylamide hydrolyzes to generate carboxyl groups, which slowly coordinate and crosslink with calcium ions released during cement hydration. Polyvinyl alcohol softens the crosslinking network through hydrogen bonding, adapting to the pumping window under conventional operating conditions and the requirements for underwater anti-dispersion.

[0069] In Type II, hydroxyethyl cellulose is distributed in component A, and lithium chloride is introduced into component B. The dissociated lithium ions compress the double layer of polyacrylamide and accelerate the stretching and cross-linking of molecular chains. Hydroxyethyl cellulose provides adsorption sites for lithium ions, further enhancing the coagulation effect and making the gel time within the range of 20~40s, which matches the requirements of rapid coagulation and leak plugging under high water pressure and water inrush conditions.

[0070] Residual slurry that has not fully contacted calcium ions in the pipeline cannot form a stable cross-linked network. It can be redispersed when it comes into contact with clean water. Therefore, the equipment and pipeline can be directly rinsed with clean water to avoid solidification and blockage, ensuring continuous and efficient construction.

[0071] Example 1 S1. Add 20 parts silicate cement, 10 parts fly ash, 40 parts fine sand, and 5 parts bentonite to a mixer, add water accounting for 50% of the total mass of the powder, and mix evenly to obtain liquid A. S2. Add 8 parts hydroxyethyl cellulose, 26.4 parts polyacrylamide, and 3.6 parts polyvinyl alcohol to 152 parts water and stir until completely dissolved to obtain solution B. S3. Liquid A and liquid B are transported to the grouting port through independent pipelines and mixed to obtain Type I conventional underwater anti-dispersion fast-setting polymer two-component grouting material.

[0072] Example 2 S1. Add 40 parts silicate cement, 25 parts fly ash, 50 parts fine sand, and 10 parts bentonite to a mixer, add water accounting for 60% of the total mass of the powder, and mix evenly to obtain liquid A. S2. Add 12 parts hydroxyethyl cellulose, 44 parts polyacrylamide, and 6 parts polyvinyl alcohol to 352 parts water and stir until completely dissolved to obtain solution B. S3. Liquid A and liquid B are transported to the grouting port through independent pipelines and mixed to obtain Type I conventional underwater anti-dispersion fast-setting polymer two-component grouting material.

[0073] Example 3 S1. Add 30 parts silicate cement, 18 parts fly ash, 45 parts fine sand, and 8 parts bentonite to a mixer, add water accounting for 55% of the total mass of the powder, and mix evenly to obtain liquid A. S2. Add 10 parts hydroxyethyl cellulose, 35 parts polyacrylamide, and 5 parts polyvinyl alcohol to 250 parts water and stir until completely dissolved to obtain solution B. S3. Liquid A and liquid B are transported to the grouting port through independent pipelines and mixed to obtain Type I conventional underwater anti-dispersion fast-setting polymer two-component grouting material.

[0074] Example 4 S1. First, mix 97 parts of special cement, 1 part of hydroxyethyl cellulose, and 1.4 parts of retarder evenly to obtain a cementitious material; then, put 20 parts of silicate cement, 10 parts of fly ash, 40 parts of fine sand, and 8 parts of the above cementitious material into a mixer, add water accounting for 50% of the total mass of the powder, and stir evenly to obtain liquid A. S2. Add 26.4 parts of polyacrylamide, 3.6 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, and 8 parts of lithium chloride to 152 parts of water and stir until completely dissolved to obtain solution B. S3. Liquid A and liquid B are transported to the grouting port through independent pipelines and mixed to obtain Type II early-strength underwater anti-dispersion fast-setting polymer two-component grouting material.

[0075] Example 5 S1. First, mix 98 parts of special cement, 1 part of hydroxyethyl cellulose, and 1.6 parts of retarder evenly to obtain a cementitious material; then, put 40 parts of silicate cement, 25 parts of fly ash, 50 parts of fine sand, and 12 parts of the above cementitious material into a mixer, add water accounting for 60% of the total mass of the powder, and stir evenly to obtain liquid A. S2. Add 30 parts polyacrylamide, 6 parts polyvinyl alcohol, and 12 parts lithium chloride to 162 parts water and stir until completely dissolved to obtain solution B. S3. Liquid A and liquid B are transported to the grouting port through independent pipelines and mixed to obtain Type II early-strength underwater anti-dispersion fast-setting polymer two-component grouting material.

[0076] Example 6 S1. First, mix 97.5 parts of special cement, 1 part of hydroxyethyl cellulose, and 1.5 parts of retarder evenly to obtain a cementitious material; then, put 30 parts of silicate cement, 18 parts of fly ash, 45 parts of fine sand, and 10 parts of the above cementitious material into a mixer, add water accounting for 55% of the total mass of the powder, and stir evenly to obtain liquid A. S2. Add 28 parts of polyacrylamide, 5 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, and 10 parts of lithium chloride to 158 parts of water and stir until completely dissolved to obtain solution B. S3. Liquid A and liquid B are transported to the grouting port through independent pipelines and mixed to obtain Type II early-strength underwater anti-dispersion fast-setting polymer two-component grouting material.

[0077] Example 7 S1. Add 30 parts silicate cement, 18 parts fly ash, and 45 parts fine sand to a mixer, add water accounting for 55% of the total mass of the powder, and mix evenly to obtain liquid A. S2. Add 10 parts hydroxyethyl cellulose, 35 parts polyacrylamide, and 5 parts polyvinyl alcohol to 250 parts water and stir until completely dissolved to obtain solution B. S3. Liquid A and liquid B are transported to the grouting port through independent pipelines and mixed to obtain Type I conventional underwater anti-dispersion fast-setting polymer two-component grouting material.

[0078] Comparative Example 1 S1. Add 30 parts silicate cement, 18 parts fly ash, 45 parts fine sand, and 8 parts bentonite to a mixer, add water accounting for 55% of the total mass of the powder, and mix evenly to obtain liquid A. S2. Add 35 parts of polyacrylamide and 5 parts of polyvinyl alcohol to 250 parts of water and stir until completely dissolved to obtain solution B. S3. Liquid A and liquid B are transported to the grouting port through independent pipelines and mixed to obtain the control sample grouting material.

[0079] Comparative Example 2 S1. Add 30 parts silicate cement, 18 parts fly ash, 45 parts fine sand, and 8 parts bentonite to a mixer, add water accounting for 55% of the total mass of the powder, and mix evenly to obtain liquid A. S2. Add 10 parts hydroxyethyl cellulose and 5 parts polyvinyl alcohol to 250 parts water and stir until completely dissolved to obtain solution B. S3. Liquid A and liquid B are transported to the grouting port through independent pipelines and mixed to obtain the control sample grouting material.

[0080] Comparative Example 3 S1. Add 30 parts silicate cement, 18 parts fly ash, 45 parts fine sand, and 8 parts bentonite to a mixer, add water accounting for 55% of the total mass of the powder, and mix evenly to obtain liquid A. S2. Add 10 parts of hydroxyethyl cellulose and 35 parts of polyacrylamide to 250 parts of water in sequence, and stir until completely dissolved to obtain solution B. S3. Liquid A and liquid B are transported to the grouting port through independent pipelines and mixed to obtain the control sample grouting material.

[0081] Comparative Example 4 S1. Add 30 parts silicate cement, 18 parts fly ash, 45 parts fine sand, and 8 parts bentonite to a mixer, add water accounting for 55% of the total mass of the powder, and mix evenly to obtain liquid A. S2. Add 10 parts hydroxyethyl cellulose, 35 parts polyacrylamide, and 5 parts polyvinyl alcohol to 250 parts water and stir until completely dissolved to obtain solution B. S3. Liquid A and liquid B are transported separately through independent pipelines and mixed at the grouting port at a dosage of 2% of the powder mass of component B to obtain the control sample grouting material.

[0082] Comparative Example 5 S1. Add 30 parts silicate cement, 18 parts fly ash, 45 parts fine sand, and 8 parts bentonite to a mixer, add water accounting for 55% of the total mass of the powder, and mix evenly to obtain liquid A. S2. Add 10 parts hydroxyethyl cellulose, 35 parts polyacrylamide, and 5 parts polyvinyl alcohol to 250 parts water and stir until completely dissolved to obtain solution B. S3. Liquid A and liquid B are transported separately through independent pipelines and mixed at the grouting port at a dosage of 10% of the powder mass of component B to obtain the control sample grouting material.

[0083] Performance testing The grouting materials prepared in the above examples and comparative examples were tested for performance according to DL / T5100-2014 "Technical Specification for Admixtures of Hydraulic Concrete". The main test indicators included setting time, anti-dispersion properties, 4-hour compressive strength, 3-day compressive strength, and 28-day compressive strength. Among them, the 4-hour compressive strength is a commonly used early strength evaluation indicator in engineering. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0084] The grouting materials prepared in the above embodiments and comparative examples were further tested for suspended solids content, stone rate, water-to-land strength ratio (28 days), and bleeding rate. The test methods are as follows: Suspended solids content test: Take 500 mL of Type I conventional grouting material and Type II early-strength grouting material respectively, add 500 mL of water, and let stand for 30 min; take 200 mL of the supernatant, filter it through a 0.45 µm filter membrane, dry the filter membrane at 105±5℃ to constant weight, and weigh the filter membrane before and after drying. Calculation formula: Suspended solids content (mg / L) = (mass of filter membrane after drying) (Metal weight of filter membrane before drying) × 5.

[0085] Stone settling rate test: Take 500 mL of Type I conventional grouting material and Type II early-strength grouting material respectively, add 500 mL of clean water, and let stand for 24 hours; discard the supernatant, dry the stone body at the bottom of the cup at 105±5℃ to constant weight, and weigh the dry weight of the stone body. Calculation formula: Stone settling rate (%) = (dry weight of stone body ÷ total mass of solids in grouting material) × 100%.

[0086] Land-water strength ratio (28d) test: Type I conventional grouting material and Type II early-strength grouting material were used to form land-based and underwater test blocks, respectively; the land-based test blocks were cured under standard curing conditions for 28 days, and the compressive strength f was measured. 陆 The underwater specimen was formed and cured underwater for 28 days, and the compressive strength f was measured. 水Calculation formula: Water-to-land intensity ratio (%) = (f 水 ÷f 陆 ) × 100%.

[0087] Water bleeding rate test: Take 500mL of Type I conventional grouting material and Type II early strength grouting material respectively, inject them into a graduated measuring cylinder, let stand for 2 hours, and read the volume V of the clear water that precipitates from the top layer. 泌 Calculation formula: Bleeding rate (%) = (V 泌 (÷500) × 100%.

[0088] The results of suspended solids content test, stone rate test, water-land intensity ratio test (28d) test and water seepage rate test are shown in Table 2.

[0089] Table 1. Test results of setting time, 4-hour compressive strength, 3-day compressive strength, and 28-day compressive strength.

[0090] Table 2 Results of Anti-dispersion Test

[0091] As shown in Tables 1 and 2, Type I conventional type includes Examples 1, 2, 3, and 7; Type II early-strength type includes Examples 4, 5, and 6. Example 3 is the optimal solution for Type I conventional type, and Example 6 is the optimal solution for Type II early-strength type. The setting time of each group of samples falls within the design range of 20-40s. As shown in Table 1, the setting time of Type I samples is 28-32s, which meets the requirements of conventional construction operations; the special cement of Type II, compounded with lithium chloride, reduces the setting time to 22-24s, enabling rapid consolidation.

[0092] Comparing the performance data in Tables 1 and 2, the overall performance of Type II samples is superior to that of Type I. The optimal solution for Type I, Example 3, has a setting time of 30 seconds, a compressive strength of 1.2 MPa at 4 hours, 3.4 MPa at 3 days, and 7.7 MPa at 28 days; suspended solids content is 140 mg / L, stone formation rate is 98.5%, the 28-day water-to-land strength ratio is 68.0%, and the bleeding rate is 2.2%. In this group, Examples 1 and 2 did not achieve the optimal synergistic ratio of cementitious materials and polymeric additives, resulting in weaker compressive strength and anti-dispersion performance compared to Example 3; Example 7, lacking bentonite, exhibited reduced water retention and stabilization capacity of the slurry, leading to weaker overall performance. Example 6, the optimal scheme for Type II, has a setting time of 23 seconds, a compressive strength of 2.2 MPa at 4 hours, 4.5 MPa at 3 days, and 8.4 MPa at 28 days; a suspended solids content of 135 mg / L, a stone formation rate of 98.0%, a water-to-land strength ratio of 70.0% at 28 days, and a bleeding rate of 1.5%. Examples 4 and 5 excessively enhance the single anti-dispersion performance, resulting in a slight decrease in mechanical strength reserve and insufficient overall performance synergy and balance. Comparing the data of Type I and Type II samples, it can be seen that Type II has higher compressive strength, while also possessing lower suspended solids content and bleeding rate, higher stone formation rate and water-to-land strength ratio, and better underwater stability.

[0093] The performance of each comparative example showed a decline. Comparative Examples 1, 2, and 3, without the addition of hydroxyethyl cellulose, polyacrylamide, and polyvinyl alcohol as individual components, respectively, exhibited a significant decrease in slurry mechanical strength and underwater anti-dispersion ability. Comparative Examples 4 and 5 showed a simultaneous decline in all slurry properties due to the deviation of component B's dosage from the reasonable range. The experimental results indicate that the combination of hydroxyethyl cellulose, polyacrylamide, and polyvinyl alcohol can produce a good synergistic effect, and the dosage of each component must be controlled within a reasonable range. This formulation, relying on this ternary polymer compound system, achieves a synergistic balance in setting time, mechanical strength, and underwater anti-dispersion performance of the grouting material, meeting the grouting construction requirements under dynamic water conditions.

[0094] The applicant declares that the present invention is illustrated by the above embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the above process steps, that is, it does not mean that the present invention must rely on the above process steps to be implemented. Those skilled in the art should understand that any improvements to the present invention, equivalent substitutions of the raw materials used in the present invention, addition of auxiliary components, selection of specific methods, etc., all fall within the protection scope and disclosure scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An underwater anti-dispersion quick-setting polymer two-component grouting material, characterized in that, The grouting material includes component A and component B; Component A is a cement-based slurry, which is obtained by mixing powder and water. Component B is a polymer aqueous solution; The amount of component B is 5% to 8% of the mass of the powder. The raw materials for the grouting material include polyacrylamide, polyvinyl alcohol, and hydroxyethyl cellulose; The polyacrylamide and the polyvinyl alcohol are provided by component B; The hydroxyethyl cellulose is provided by component A or component B; The hydroxyethyl cellulose is provided by component A, which is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-40 parts silicate cement, 10-25 parts fly ash, 40-50 parts fine sand, 5-10 parts cementitious material, and 37.5-75 parts water; the cementitious material is composed of special cement, hydroxyethyl cellulose, and a retarder; the amount of cementitious material added is 8%-12% of the mass of component A; component B is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 26.4-30 parts polyacrylamide, 3.6-6 parts polyvinyl alcohol, 8-12 parts lithium chloride, and 152-162 parts water; or, The hydroxyethyl cellulose is provided by component B. Component A consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-40 parts silicate cement, 10-25 parts fly ash, 40-50 parts fine sand, 5-10 parts bentonite, and 37.5-75 parts water; Component B consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8-12 parts hydroxyethyl cellulose, 26.4-44 parts polyacrylamide, 3.6-6 parts polyvinyl alcohol, and 152-352 parts water. The gelation time of the grouting material is 20~40s.

2. The underwater anti-dispersion quick-setting polymer two-component grouting material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the special cement, hydroxyethyl cellulose and retarder is (97~98):1:(1.4~1.6).

3. A method for preparing the underwater anti-dispersion quick-setting polymer two-component grouting material according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Prepare the powder of component A according to the formula, add 50%~60% water of the total mass of the powder, stir evenly to obtain liquid A; S2. Add the raw materials of component B to water according to the ratio, and stir until completely dissolved to obtain solution B; S3. Liquid A and liquid B are respectively transported to the mixer at the grouting port through independent pipelines to obtain an underwater anti-dispersion fast-setting polymer two-component grouting material.

4. The use of the underwater anti-dispersion quick-setting polymer two-component grouting material according to any one of claims 1-2 in shield tunnel construction, characterized in that, When the hydroxyethyl cellulose is provided by component B, the grouting material is suitable for underwater seepage prevention, ground reinforcement, and non-rushing underwater engineering construction.

5. The application according to claim 4, characterized in that, When the hydroxyethyl cellulose is provided by component A, the grouting material is suitable for underwater emergency leak sealing and reinforcement construction in high water pressure, gushing water and dynamic water environments.

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