A method for preparing carbon-based ecological liquid fertilizer by rapidly degrading agricultural organic waste based on high-pressure instantaneous blasting and enzyme catalysis

Abstract

The application provides a method for preparing carbon-based ecological liquid fertilizer by rapidly degrading agricultural organic waste based on high-pressure instantaneous explosion and enzyme catalysis, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural organic waste resource utilization and ecological fertilizer preparation. The method comprises the following steps: after the organic waste is crushed or ground, a chemical compound biomimetic enzyme preparation is added, high-pressure instantaneous explosion and enzymolysis reaction are carried out, after the enzymolysis is completed, the pH is adjusted, a compound mineral salt solution is added, a mineral organic compound system is formed, cooling is carried out, a compound microbial agent is added, and fermentation is carried out to obtain the product. The application utilizes high-pressure instantaneous explosion to destroy the organic structure, realizes rapid cleavage of organic macromolecules through high-temperature and high-pressure compound enzyme catalysis, and is supplemented by mineral element organicization and microbial fermentation turbidity, so that the agricultural waste is converted into carbon-based liquid small-molecule ecological fertilizer within 2 hours, the soil micro-ecology can be rapidly repaired, the saline-alkali land and grassland ecological environment can be improved, and remarkable environmental and economic benefits are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of agricultural organic waste resource utilization and ecological fertilizer preparation technology, specifically involving a method for rapidly degrading agricultural organic waste based on high-pressure instantaneous explosion and enzyme catalysis to prepare carbon-based ecological liquid fertilizer. Background Technology

[0002] Agricultural production generates large amounts of straw, livestock manure, and traditional Chinese medicine waste. Improper handling of these wastes not only wastes resources but also poses serious challenges such as environmental pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. Traditional waste treatment methods, such as direct return to the field, composting, and anaerobic digestion, generally suffer from problems such as long fermentation cycles, difficulty in killing harmful bacteria, easy heavy metal residues, poor nutrient stability, easy generation of harmful substances (such as methane and hydrogen sulfide), large land area requirements, and low efficiency in treating recalcitrant components such as cellulose and lignin. Among existing rapid degradation technologies, physical methods (such as mechanical crushing) are energy-intensive and fail to alter the microstructure of the material; chemical methods (such as acid / alkali treatment) easily cause secondary pollution and damage the activity of organic matter; biological methods (such as microbial fermentation) are limited by the growth cycle of microorganisms and substrate specificity, making it difficult to achieve efficient and stable large-scale treatment, all of which have certain technical shortcomings.

[0003] In recent years, converting agricultural waste into high-value-added liquid fertilizers has become an important direction for resource utilization. However, traditional liquid fertilizer preparation processes often rely on strong chemical reagents or long-term reactions under high temperature and pressure, resulting in problems such as high energy consumption, severe damage to the organic matter structure, insufficient active small-molecule carbon and functional components in the product, and poor environmental friendliness. Therefore, the market urgently needs a highly efficient, clean, and controllable technology for the rapid degradation and conversion of waste to achieve high-value utilization of agricultural organic waste.

[0004] Biomimetic enzyme technology refers to the creation of artificial enzyme systems with highly efficient catalytic performance by mimicking the structure and function of natural enzymes through chemical design and engineering. It mainly includes a catalytic center responsible for carrying out the core chemical transformation of oxidation reactions, and synergistic factors that activate substrates, stabilize intermediates, and regulate reaction selectivity. This combination of "master catalyst + promoter" perfectly mimics the synergistic working mechanism of "active metal center + surrounding amino acid residues" in natural enzymes, offering wider applicability, tolerance to high temperatures, extreme pH levels, and organic solvents, and high designability. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention aims to provide a rapid degradation technology for organic waste that combines high-pressure instantaneous blasting, high-temperature and high-pressure enzyme catalysis, and microbial fermentation. This technology can degrade various agricultural wastes into small-molecule organic liquid fertilizers in a short time, thereby achieving the complete elimination of harmful bacteria and insect eggs, passivation of heavy metals, and organicification of inorganic minerals.

[0006] This invention provides a method for rapidly degrading agricultural organic waste using high-pressure instantaneous explosion and enzyme catalysis to prepare carbon-based ecological liquid fertilizer, comprising the following steps: (1) After crushing or grinding the organic waste, adjust the moisture content to 75-85%, add chemical composite biomimetic enzyme preparation, and carry out high pressure instantaneous explosion and high temperature and high pressure enzymatic hydrolysis. (2) After enzymatic hydrolysis, adjust the pH and add a complex mineral salt solution to form a mineral-organic complex system; (3) After cooling, add compound microbial agents to the mineral-organic composite system and ferment to obtain the product.

[0007] Preferably, the organic waste in step (1) is one or a combination of straw, poultry and livestock manure or traditional Chinese medicine residue; the mesh size of the crushed material is 200-250 mesh.

[0008] Preferably, in step (1), the high-pressure instantaneous blasting is: heating the organic waste to 140℃~200℃ and maintaining it for 25~30 minutes, with a high-pressure instantaneous blasting pressure of 8~12MPa, and then continuing enzymatic hydrolysis for 50~70 minutes at a temperature of 140℃~200℃ and a pressure of 8~12MPa.

[0009] Preferably, the chemical composite biomimetic enzyme preparation in step (1) includes an oxidant and an alkaline promoter; The oxidant is selected from one or a combination of hydrogen peroxide, persulfate, peracetic acid, or ozone. The alkaline accelerator is selected from alkaline substances, specifically potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, or potassium carbonate, or a combination thereof. The total amount of the chemical composite biomimetic enzyme preparation used accounts for 0.5% of the total dry matter weight.

[0010] Preferably, in step (2), the pH is adjusted to 6.5~7.5, and after adding the composite mineral salt solution, the reaction is carried out at a constant temperature of 50~75℃ for 30 minutes; The total amount of the composite mineral salt solution added is 0.5 to 3 wt.% of the dry weight of the raw materials; wherein the composite mineral salt solution contains 40 to 60 wt% rare earth elements. The rare earth elements include La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, and Y.

[0011] Preferably, in step (3), the temperature is cooled to 35~55°C; The amount of the compound microbial agent added is 3% to 8% (v / v) of the liquid to be fermented. The compound microbial agent includes Bacillus subtilis and yeast, with an effective viable count ratio of (1~3):(1), and the total effective viable count is ≥1×10⁻⁶.9 CFU / mL.

[0012] Preferably, the fermentation is carried out in a facultative aerobic manner at a temperature of 30~55℃, with a fermentation cycle of 48~72 hours, a material moisture content of 60%~80%, and regular aeration or stirring.

[0013] This application also provides a carbon-based ecological liquid fertilizer prepared using the above-described preparation method.

[0014] This invention discloses a method for rapidly degrading agricultural organic waste to prepare carbon-based ecological liquid fertilizer based on high-pressure instantaneous blasting and enzyme catalysis.

[0015] This invention utilizes a chemically biomimetic approach by adding a chemically compound enzyme preparation to react under high temperature and pressure, similar to the Fenton reaction. This allows for the controlled and effective retention and fixation of carbon that would otherwise be lost in the final carbon dioxide production into liquid products, greatly improving the recycling rate of organic carbon in waste. Furthermore, the small-molecule organic matter generated is a carbon source that is easily utilized by plants and soil microorganisms, exhibiting excellent water retention, fertilizer retention, micronutrient complexation, and soil improvement capabilities.

[0016] This invention utilizes high-pressure instantaneous blasting to destroy organic structures, achieving rapid cleavage of organic macromolecules through high-temperature, high-pressure complex enzyme catalysis. Supplemented by the organication of mineral elements and microbial fermentation and turbidification, agricultural waste can be transformed into carbon-based liquid small-molecule ecological fertilizer within 2 hours. The high-temperature, high-pressure process can kill all harmful substances in the organic waste, avoiding the problems of antibiotics, hormones, bacteria, and fungi present in organic waste.

[0017] The carbon-based ecological liquid fertilizer provided by this invention retains all the advantages of traditional organic and chemical fertilizers while overcoming their disadvantages, achieving a balance between high crop yield and quality, nutrition and resistance, and land use and soil conservation. Through years of trials, demonstrations, and large-scale application across multiple locations and crops, this invention has proven that the carbon-based ecological liquid fertilizer described in this invention has multiple functions, including ensuring high crop yields, improving crop quality, rapidly enriching the soil, reducing chemical fertilizer usage, improving saline-alkali land, improving degraded sandy land, and restoring degraded grasslands, demonstrating significant environmental and economic benefits. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 The results are the quality inspection results of the carbon-based ecological liquid fertilizer obtained in Example 1.

[0019] Figure 2 Example 2 (1) shows the growth of cotton fields before the improvement of saline-alkali fields.

[0020] Figure 3 Example 2 (1) shows the growth of cotton fields after the improvement of saline-alkali fields.

[0021] Figure 4 Comparison of sunflower growth in the control area (left figure) and the experimental area (right figure) of Example 2 (2).

[0022] Figure 5 Example 2 (2) Comparison of soil conditions before and after saline-alkali land improvement.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a comparison of pasture growth before (top) and after (bottom) the treatment of degraded grassland in Example 3.

[0024] Figure 7 The images show the original appearance of the sandy land in the Yarlung Tsangpo River Valley of Tibet (left) and the improved appearance (right) in Example 4 (1).

[0025] Figure 8 The image shows the effect of sandy land improvement in Wuhai City, Inner Mongolia before (left) and after (right) in Example 4 (2). Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions provided by the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] Example 1

[0028] Organic waste (400 kg of straw, 500 kg of poultry and livestock manure, and 100 kg of traditional Chinese medicine residue in this embodiment) was crushed and ground through a 200-mesh sieve. The moisture content was adjusted to 80%, and 0.5% (by dry matter) of a chemical composite biomimetic enzyme preparation (composed of hydrogen peroxide and sodium hydroxide in a 1:1 mass ratio) was added. The mixture was heated to 180°C in a reaction vessel and maintained for 30 minutes. A high-pressure instantaneous explosion pressure of 10 MPa was applied, followed by a reduction to atmospheric pressure for 60 minutes of enzymatic hydrolysis. After filtration, the pH was adjusted to 7.0, and 2 wt.% of a composite mineral salt solution (composition as shown in Table 1) was added. The mixture was reacted at a constant temperature of 65°C for 30 minutes. Afterward, the mixture was transferred to a fermentation chamber, cooled to 50°C, and 5% (by volume) of a composite microbial agent (composed of Bacillus subtilis and yeast in a 1:1 effective viable count ratio, with a total effective viable count of 1×10⁻⁶) was added. 9 Biochemical fermentation was carried out using CFU / mL, with the material moisture adjusted to 70%. Aerobic fermentation was performed at 45℃ for 48 hours, with regular stirring and aeration every 10-15 days to obtain a carbon-based ecological liquid fertilizer. Quality test results are as follows: Figure 1 As shown

[0029] Table 1 Composition of the composite mineral salt solution

[0030] Example 2: Saline-alkali land improvement experiment

[0031] (1) In 2025, a saline-alkali land improvement experiment will be carried out in the severe (medium) saline-alkali land improvement demonstration park in Jinta County, Jiuquan City, Gansu Province.

[0032] Land conditions: The terrain is flat, with square plots, level ground, uniform fertility, and convenient irrigation. The soil type is saline-alkali alluvial soil, and the previous crop was corn. Soil samples were collected and measured in the 0-20cm topsoil layer before sowing. The soil pH was 8.57, organic matter was 10.4 g / kg, cation exchange capacity was 5.49 cmol(+) / kg, and soil bulk density was 1.54 g / cm³. 3 Exchangeable Na 1.31 cmol (Na + ) / kg, total water-soluble salts 6.71g / kg, alkaline nitrogen 43.4mg / kg, available phosphorus 24.0mg / kg, available potassium 160mg / kg.

[0033] Test crop: Sunflower: variety French Dwarf Head 15.

[0034] The experiment included four treatments, employing a large-area comparative design without replication. Each plot had an area of ​​15m × 8.5m = 127.5m². 2 It is separated by a 50cm walkway.

[0035] Treatment 1: 30 kg / mu of carbon-based ecological liquid fertilizer + conventional fertilization; Treatment 2: 25 kg / mu of carbon-based ecological liquid fertilizer + conventional fertilization Treatment 3: 20 kg / mu of carbon-based ecological liquid fertilizer + conventional fertilization; Treatment 4: Conventional fertilization (CK): Apply 30 kg of diammonium phosphate (18-46) and 20 kg of compound fertilizer (17-17-17) per mu as basal fertilizer. Apply fertilizer three times during the growing season. The first application is 15 kg of urea per mu, and the second and third applications are 10 kg of compound fertilizer (24-8-8) per mu.

[0036] The experiment was conducted on April 18th with land preparation, and on April 20th, plots were marked out and ridges were added. During land preparation, each treatment received 5 kg / mu of carbon-based ecological liquid fertilizer via foliar spraying (diluted 50 times with water and sprayed evenly onto the soil surface); and diammonium phosphate and compound fertilizer were applied via furrow application. The remaining carbon-based ecological liquid fertilizer was applied once each during the sunflower emergence, budding, and flowering stages with irrigation: Treatment 1: 10 kg / mu at emergence, 8 kg / mu at budding, and 7 kg / mu at flowering; Treatment 2: 8 kg / mu at emergence, 7 kg / mu at budding, and 5 kg / mu at flowering; Treatment 3: 5 kg / mu at emergence, 5 kg / mu at budding, and 5 kg / mu at flowering. Aside from the type and amount of fertilizer applied, the control of pests, diseases, and weeds, as well as other field management measures, were consistent across all treatments.

[0037] During the peak flowering period of sunflowers, five plants of uniform growth were selected from each plot. The plant height was measured using a steel tape measure, and the stem diameter at 20cm above the ground was measured using a vernier caliper. When the sunflowers matured, ten flower heads were selected consecutively from each plot for seed evaluation and yield measurement.

[0038] Table 2. Records of sunflower growth period under different treatments (days / months)

[0039] As shown in Table 2, different treatments had different effects on the growth and development of sunflower. The emergence, budding, flowering and maturity stages of treatment 1 were 1-2 days, 2-5 days, 4-8 days and 5-8 days earlier than those of treatments 2, 3 and 4, respectively. Among them, the growth period of treatment 4, which did not receive carbon-based ecological fertilizer (amendment), was significantly delayed.

[0040] Table 3 Effects of different treatments on crop biological traits

[0041] Table 3 shows that the application rates of carbon-based ecological liquid fertilizer in different treatments significantly affected the individual growth and development of sunflowers. With increasing application rates of carbon-based ecological fertilizer, the average plant height of each treatment increased by 5.7, 3.4, and 2.5 cm compared to the control, respectively, with the highest overall plant height observed in the 30 kg / mu application rate. Furthermore, with increasing application rates of carbon-based ecological liquid fertilizer, stem diameter and flower head diameter increased, while the rate of empty flower heads decreased. Specifically, stem diameter increased by 0.17–0.24 cm, flower head diameter increased by 0.3–1.3 cm, and the rate of empty flower heads decreased by 1.7–3.6 percentage points. This indicates that the carbon-based ecological liquid fertilizer of this invention can improve the biological traits of sunflowers, increasing plant height, stem diameter, and flower head diameter, and reducing the rate of empty flower heads.

[0042] Table 4 Sunflower yield for each treatment

[0043] Analysis of Table 4 shows that the application rates of carbon-based ecological liquid fertilizer in different treatments all showed a certain yield-increasing effect. When the application rate was 30 kg / mu, the total number of single trays, the number of trays, the weight of 100 grains, and the yield per mu were all relatively high, with a yield increase rate as high as 34.12%.

[0044] Table 5. Economic Benefit Analysis Table

[0045] As shown in Table 5, the highest net income per mu was 2067 yuan, which is 499.5 yuan more per mu than treatment 4, representing an increase of 31.87%; treatment 2 increased income by 449.5 yuan per mu compared to treatment 4, representing an increase of 28.68%; and treatment 3 increased income by 251 yuan per mu compared to treatment 4, representing an increase of 16.01%.

[0046] It is evident that the carbon-based ecological liquid fertilizer of this invention can advance the crop growth period, improve crop biological traits, and increase yield.

[0047] (2) An experiment was conducted in 2025 on contracted land in Youhao Village, Dingxin Town: the altitude was 1193m, the terrain was flat, the fields were square, the ground was level, the fertility was uniform, irrigation was convenient, the soil type was saline-alkali soil, and the previous crop was fennel. Experiments were conducted on severely, moderately, and slightly saline-alkali land, with conventional fertilization as a control. Test crops: cotton; Xinshi K35

[0048] The experiment included four treatments, using a large-area comparison design with no replication, and each plot was 10 mu in size.

[0049] Treatment 1 (slightly saline-alkali land): 100 kg / mu of carbon-based ecological liquid fertilizer (see Table 5 for fertilization plan) + conventional fertilization; Treatment 2 (moderately saline-alkali land): 200 kg / mu of carbon-based ecological liquid fertilizer + conventional fertilization; Treatment 3 (severely saline-alkali land): 300 kg / mu of carbon-based ecological liquid fertilizer + conventional fertilization; Conventional fertilization (CK): Total fertilizer application is 76 kg, including 30 kg of urea, 20 kg of water-soluble phosphate fertilizer, 15 kg of potassium fertilizer, 5 kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 3 kg of potassium humate, and 3 kg of micronutrient fertilizer.

[0050] The experiment was conducted with land preparation on April 10th and sowing on April 16th. A 2.05-meter wide plastic film was used for mulching, with each strip measuring 2.28 meters. Six rows were sown under one film layer, with row spacing of 66cm + 10cm + 66cm and plant spacing of 9.5cm, resulting in a designed density of 18,400 plants per mu (approximately 667 square meters). A total of 18 irrigations were performed per mu, with each irrigation providing 25-30 cubic meters of water. 3 Total irrigation volume: 350~450m³ 3 The control of diseases, pests, and weeds, as well as other field management measures, were consistent across all treatments.

[0051] Table 6 Application of Carbon-Based Ecological Liquid Fertilizer

[0052] Table 7 Records of cotton growth stages under different treatments

[0053] Table 7 shows that different treatments had different effects on cotton growth and development. In the mild and moderate treatment areas, the budding, flowering, and maturity stages were 1-2 days earlier than in the control area, while in the severe treatment area, these stages were 2-3 days earlier. The growth period was significantly delayed in the control area where the carbon-based ecological liquid fertilizer of this invention was not applied.

[0054] Table 8 Cotton Emergence Rate

[0055] Table 8 shows that the germination rate was best in slightly saline-alkali land, moderate in severely saline-alkali land, and poor in moderately saline-alkali land. The germination rate in the slightly saline experimental area was 0.38% higher than that in the control area, the germination rate in the moderately saline experimental area was 0.47% higher than that in the control area, and the germination rate in the severely saline experimental area was 1.93% higher than that in the control area.

[0056] Table 9. Cotton plant height in different treatment groups

[0057] Table 9 shows that the average plant height during the seedling stage in the mild experimental area was lower than that in the control area, while the average plant height during the mature stage was higher than that in the control area; the average plant height during both the seedling and mature stages in the moderate and severe experimental areas was higher than that in the control area.

[0058] Additionally, during the cotton boll-opening period, five points were sampled diagonally in each plot to investigate the number of plants per unit area, fruit branch height, number of fruit branches, number of bolls per plant, number of bolls per mu, and weight of a single boll.

[0059] Table 10. Statistical data on economic traits of cotton in different treatment groups.

[0060] Table 10 shows that the application rate of carbon-based ecological liquid fertilizer under different treatments had a significant impact on the individual growth and development of cotton plants. In the mild treatment area, the number of harvested plants increased by 71 compared to the control, an increase of 0.49%; in the moderate treatment area, the number of harvested plants increased by 86 compared to the control, an increase of 0.73%; and in the severe treatment area, the number of harvested plants increased by 356 compared to the control, an increase of 2.65%. The number of bolls per plant increased by 0.1 to 0.2 compared to the control area in the mild, moderate, and severe treatment areas, and the weight of a single boll increased by 0.06 to 0.07 g. This indicates that carbon-based ecological fertilizer can improve the biological traits of cotton and increase the number of harvested plants, the number of bolls per plant, and the weight of a single boll.

[0061] To accurately determine cotton yield, a five-point diagonal sampling method was used. For each treatment, seed cotton was manually harvested (each sampling point had an area of ​​6.77 m²). 2 (A total of 5 sampling points were set up), and the seed cotton yield at each sampling point was measured separately.

[0062] Table 11 Cotton Production

[0063] Table 11 shows that the yield per mu in the mild experimental area increased by 6.2 kg compared with the control area, an increase of 1.52%; the yield per mu in the moderate experimental area increased by 13.8 kg compared with the control area, an increase of 3.36%; and the yield per mu in the severe experimental area increased by 23 kg compared with the control area, an increase of 5.63%.

[0064] In summary, the carbon-based ecological liquid fertilizer of this invention can advance the growth period of cotton, increase the emergence rate, plant height, number of harvested plants, number of bolls per plant, weight per boll, and final yield, thereby improving the biological traits of cotton.

[0065] (3) In 2025, a saline-alkali land improvement experiment was conducted in severely saline-alkali land in Dunhuang (pH 8.26, conductivity 4840 μs / cm, water-soluble salt 31.2 g / kg before improvement). The experimental crop was cotton. The fertilizer prepared in Example 1 of this application was used to improve the saline-alkali land. The fertilization method was as follows: the carbon-based ecological fertilizer was diluted 50 times and applied, left empty for 2 days, and then the fertilizer and soil were rotary tilled. After 15-20 days of rotary tillage, conventional sowing was carried out. The amount of chemical fertilizer was reduced by 30%, and the subsequent management and conventional operation were the same. The base fertilizer application rate for severely saline-alkali land was 200 kg / mu, and the subsequent topdressing was done (drip irrigation, irrigation water volume 15-25 m³). 3 Apply fertilizer 10 times per mu (667 square meters), according to the cotton growth cycle, 10-30 kg each time, and the total amount of topdressing fertilizer during the entire growth period is 200 kg / mu.

[0066] The severely affected experimental area was saline-alkali land improved with carbon-based ecological liquid fertilizer. Before improvement, cotton could not grow normally in this area, but after improvement, it could grow normally. The severely affected control area was saline-alkali land where cotton could barely grow normally. The results of the comparative analysis of the average cotton growth and yield indicators between the two areas are as follows: In terms of core yield indicators, the average yield of seed cotton per mu (a Chinese unit of area, approximately 0.067 hectares) in the severely affected experimental area was 435.52 kg, while the average yield per mu in the severely affected control area was 364.48 kg. Compared with the control area, the experimental area saw an average increase of 71.04 kg of seed cotton per mu, representing a yield increase of 19.49%, demonstrating a highly significant yield increase. This result directly reflects the yield-increasing potential of carbon-based ecological liquid fertilizer in cotton cultivation on saline-alkali land, proving that it can not only enable cotton that would otherwise be unable to grow to grow normally, but also significantly increase the yield per unit area.

[0067] From the perspective of key indicators of yield composition, the improving effect of carbon-based fertilizer is reflected in multiple dimensions: First, in terms of the number of plants per mu (unit of land area), the average number in the experimental area was 14,445 plants, while that in the control area was 13,890 plants, an increase of 4.00% compared to the control area, ensuring the planting density of cotton and laying the foundation for high yield; Second, in terms of boll-setting related indicators, the average number of bolls per plant in the experimental area was 5.9, an increase of 6.61% compared to 5.6 in the control area, and the average total number of bolls per mu was 85,881, an increase of 10.87% compared to 77,460 in the control area, indicating that carbon-based fertilizer effectively promoted cotton flower bud differentiation and boll-setting ability, increasing the number of bolls per unit area; Third, in terms of boll weight, the average weight of a single boll in the experimental area was 5.97 grams, an increase of 7.77% compared to 5.54 grams in the control area, indicating that carbon-based fertilizer simultaneously optimized the development quality of cotton bolls and increased the weight of individual cotton bolls, jointly promoting yield improvement from both the "quantity" and "quality" levels.

[0068] In summary, carbon-based ecological liquid fertilizer significantly improves the salt tolerance and growth vitality of cotton by improving the soil environment of saline-alkali land. It not only solves the problem of cotton's inability to grow normally in saline-alkali land, but also achieves a substantial increase in seed cotton yield of 19.49% by comprehensively optimizing core yield components such as the number of plants per mu, the number of bolls per plant, and the weight of a single boll. This fully demonstrates its core advantages and application value in the high-yield and stable-yield cultivation of cotton in saline-alkali land.

[0069] Table 12 Record of Yield Measurement from Carbon-Based Fertilizer Application Effect Test in Saline-Alkali Cotton Fields of Dunhuang City

[0070] (4) In 2018-2019, a strict supervision and improvement experiment was conducted on severely saline-alkali land in Wuyuan County. The experimental crop was sunflower. Control area: Improved using traditional improvement methods (phosphogypsum + organic fertilizer + borax + drainage method), covering an area of ​​20 mu; Experimental group: Improved using carbon-based ecological liquid fertilizer prepared in Example 1 of this application, covering an area of ​​20 mu. The fertilization method can be referred to the previous experiment (3).

[0071] Crop growth status as follows Figure 4 As shown, statistics show that the yield in the control area was 0 kg / mu, while the yield of sunflowers in the experimental area was 162.69 kg / mu. The effect of saline-alkali land improvement is as follows: Figure 5 As shown in the test results, the present invention can reduce soil pH, increase soil organic matter content, and significantly reduce soil salinity.

[0072] Example 3: Degraded Grassland Restoration Experiment

[0073] In July 2018, a degraded grassland restoration experiment was conducted in a degraded grassland in Inner Mongolia. The carbon-based ecological liquid fertilizer prepared in Example 1 of this application was used for improvement. The application method was as follows: the base fertilizer was first rotary tilled and then diluted with water and broadcast, diluted 50 times, then rotary tilled and sown. The top dressing was diluted 500 times and sprayed, with a total application rate of 200 kg / mu.

[0074] One year later, the growth of pasture before and after land improvement is as follows: Figure 6 As shown. Before the improvement, no pasture grew in the experimental plot. After applying the carbon-based ecological liquid fertilizer of this invention, the pasture resumed growth and its growth was better than that of the surrounding pasture. The restoration of degraded grassland can be achieved in one year.

[0075] Example 4: Sandy Land Management and Restoration Experiment

[0076] (1) In 2018, a sand control experiment was conducted in the Yarlung Tsangpo River Valley sandy land in Tibet. The carbon-based ecological liquid fertilizer prepared in Example 1 of this application was applied. The application method was the same as in Example 3. The experimental crop was Sudan grass, and the planting method was broadcasting.

[0077] Crop growth before and after sandy land improvement: Figure 7 As shown, no crops grew in the experimental plot before the improvement, but the plants grew well after the application of the carbon-based ecological liquid fertilizer of this invention.

[0078] (2) In 2018, a desertification control experiment was conducted in the desertified land of Alashan Ecosystem Research Center in Wuhai City, Inner Mongolia. The carbon-based ecological liquid fertilizer prepared in Example 1 of this application was applied. The experimental crops were Sudan grass and alfalfa. The crop planting method was broadcasting, covering an area of ​​10 mu. The application method was to dilute the base fertilizer with water 50 times and then broadcast it. Two days later, the soil was rotary tilled, and the seeds were sown on schedule. Topdressing was applied on schedule, and the total amount of fertilizer used was 200 kg / mu.

[0079] Plant growth before and after sandy land improvement: Figure 8 As shown. Before the improvement, no crops grew in the experimental plot. After applying the carbon-based ecological liquid fertilizer of this invention, the plants grew well.

[0080] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for rapidly degrading agricultural organic waste using high-pressure instantaneous explosion and enzyme catalysis to prepare carbon-based ecological liquid fertilizer, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) After crushing or grinding organic waste, adjust the moisture content to 75-85%, add chemical composite biomimetic enzyme preparation, and carry out high-pressure instantaneous explosion and enzymatic hydrolysis reaction; (2) After enzymatic hydrolysis, adjust the pH and add a complex mineral salt solution to form a mineral-organic complex system; (3) After cooling, add compound microbial agents to the mineral-organic composite system and ferment to obtain the product.

2. The method for preparing carbon-based ecological liquid fertilizer as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The organic waste mentioned in step (1) is one or a combination of straw, poultry and livestock manure or traditional Chinese medicine residue; the mesh size of the crushing is 200-250 mesh.

3. The method for preparing carbon-based ecological liquid fertilizer as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step (1), the high-pressure instantaneous blasting is: heating the organic waste to 140℃~200℃ and maintaining it for 25~30 minutes, with a high-pressure instantaneous blasting pressure of 8~12MPa, and then continuing enzymatic hydrolysis for 50~70 minutes at a temperature of 140℃~200℃ and a pressure of 8~12MPa.

4. The method for preparing carbon-based ecological liquid fertilizer as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The chemical composite biomimetic enzyme preparation in step (1) includes an oxidant and an alkaline promoter; The oxidant is selected from one or a combination of hydrogen peroxide, persulfate, peracetic acid, or ozone. The alkaline accelerator is selected from alkaline substances, specifically potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, or potassium carbonate, or a combination thereof. The total amount of the chemical composite biomimetic enzyme preparation used accounts for 0.5% of the total dry matter weight.

5. The method for preparing carbon-based ecological liquid fertilizer as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step (2), the pH is adjusted to 6.5~7.5, and after adding the composite mineral salt solution, the reaction is carried out at a constant temperature of 50℃~75℃ for 30 minutes. The total amount of the composite mineral salt solution added is 0.5 to 3 wt.% of the dry weight of the raw materials; wherein the composite mineral salt solution contains 40 to 60 wt% rare earth elements. The rare earth elements include La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, and Y.

6. The method for preparing carbon-based ecological liquid fertilizer as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step (3), cool to 35~55℃; The amount of the compound microbial agent added is 3-8% (v / v) of the liquid to be fermented. The compound microbial agent includes Bacillus subtilis and yeast, with an effective viable count ratio of (1~3):(1), and the total effective viable count is ≥1×10⁻⁶. 9 CFU / mL.

7. The method for preparing carbon-based ecological liquid fertilizer as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The fermentation is carried out using a facultative aerobic method at a temperature of 30~55℃, with a fermentation cycle of 48~72 hours and a material moisture content of 60%~80%.

8. The carbon-based ecological liquid fertilizer prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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