A ventilation and lighting integrated structure module

Abstract

The application discloses a ventilation and lighting integrated structure module, relates to the technical field of building structures, and solves the problems of high space occupation and high energy consumption of existing factory buildings independently provided with ventilation and lighting facilities. The structure module comprises Y-shaped bearing columns, vertical columns, a light-transmitting enclosure curtain wall and a roof lighting and ventilation device. The bottom of the Y-shaped bearing column is a bottom column, which is bifurcated upwards to form a first bifurcated column and a second bifurcated column; a plurality of vertical columns are fixed to the top ends of the bifurcated columns, and enclose a structure cavity penetrating through the inside, which constitutes a natural light transmission and ventilation channel; the light-transmitting enclosure curtain wall encloses the side walls of the structure cavity, glass curtain walls are arranged in the north-south direction, and sunlight plate curtain walls are arranged in the east-west direction to respond to solar radiation in different directions; and the roof lighting and ventilation device is arranged at the top of the structure cavity. The application utilizes the shape of the bearing column to construct a light and wind cooperative system, and passive ventilation cooling and homogeneous lighting can be realized without independent pipelines, roof space is released, and the operation energy consumption of the whole life cycle of the building is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building structure technology, and in particular to an integrated ventilation and lighting structural module suitable for tall, open-plan buildings such as industrial plants. Background Technology

[0002] Single-story industrial plants, logistics warehouses, transportation hubs, and stadiums are tall buildings with large interior depths and dense populations or equipment, which have a strong demand for natural lighting and air circulation (especially for removing waste heat and exhaust gases from equipment).

[0003] Currently, traditional ventilation and lighting designs for tall, open-plan buildings typically rely on systems installed independently on the building's exterior. On the one hand, lighting primarily depends on large skylights in the roof or side windows on the surrounding walls; on the other hand, ventilation relies on mechanical ventilators or roof fans installed on the roof. However, this traditional, independent approach has several significant drawbacks: First, numerous roof windows easily lead to the failure of the roof waterproofing system, increasing the risk of leaks; second, mechanical fans are highly dependent on motor drives, resulting in enormous annual power consumption per fan, and high-altitude maintenance is not only difficult but can also severely disrupt or even interrupt continuous production inside the factory; furthermore, because skylights and fans occupy a large amount of roof area, they severely limit the space available for installing distributed photovoltaic panels on the roof, hindering the building's low-carbon operation.

[0004] In order to solve the problem of space occupation by pipelines and equipment, some solutions have emerged in the prior art that integrate functional pipelines into the load-bearing columns of buildings. For example, Chinese patent document CN114525888A discloses a multifunctional structural column, which adopts the method of independently nesting air ducts and optical fiber tubes (optical cables) inside the structural column, attempting to concentrate mechanical ventilation and lighting functions in the column body. However, this solution is essentially a physical stack of skeleton and filling, and still has the following limitations: (1) Complex structure and construction: Since it is necessary to install metal air ducts and bundles of optical fiber tubes inside the column, it not only increases the material cost, but also occupies a large effective cross section inside the column, and fails to truly realize the space reuse of the building structure; (2) Poor passive energy saving effect: Its ventilation still belongs to the traditional mode of air supply and exhaust relying on air ducts, and fails to utilize the natural wind effect in building physics; its lighting relies on expensive optical fiber to conduct to a specific light outlet, which is a point light emission, and it is difficult to meet the large-area, uniform natural lighting needs of the factory.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need to propose a ventilation and lighting integrated structural module that can utilize its own morphological characteristics to achieve natural ventilation and cooling, homogeneous lighting, and reduce the operating cost throughout the entire life cycle. Summary of the Invention

[0006] (a) Technical problems to be solved

[0007] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides an integrated ventilation and lighting structural module, which solves the technical problems of complex structural column construction and high dependence on high-energy-consuming mechanical drive in the prior art.

[0008] (II) Technical Solution

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the main technical solutions adopted by the present invention include:

[0010] This invention provides an integrated ventilation and lighting structural module, comprising:

[0011] At least two Y-shaped load-bearing columns are spaced apart, each Y-shaped load-bearing column including a base column and a first branch column and a second branch column extending upward from the top of the base column;

[0012] Multiple vertical columns are fixedly connected to the top of the first and second branch columns and extend upwards. The multiple vertical columns on the at least two Y-shaped load-bearing columns together form a vertically connected structural cavity, which serves as a channel for air circulation and natural light transmission.

[0013] A translucent enclosure curtain wall, installed between adjacent vertical columns, to enclose the sidewalls of the structural cavity; and

[0014] A roof-mounted skylight and ventilator is installed at the top of the structural cavity and communicates with the structural cavity.

[0015] Optionally, the angle between the first bifurcation post and the second bifurcation post is 30°-120°;

[0016] A first ventilation opening is provided in the central area of ​​the bifurcation formed between the first bifurcation post and the second bifurcation post, and a mechanical exhaust device is provided at the first ventilation opening.

[0017] Optionally, at least two of the Y-shaped load-bearing columns are provided with V-shaped skylights in the bifurcation area formed between the first bifurcation column and the second bifurcation column.

[0018] Optionally, the plurality of vertical columns include a first vertical column disposed on the first branch column and a second vertical column disposed on the second branch column;

[0019] The translucent enclosure wall includes glass curtain walls and polycarbonate panel curtain walls;

[0020] The glass curtain wall is installed between the first vertical column and the second vertical column, which are located on the same Y-shaped load-bearing column;

[0021] The polycarbonate panel curtain wall is installed between the first vertical columns of the adjacent Y-shaped load-bearing columns and between the second vertical columns of the adjacent Y-shaped load-bearing columns.

[0022] Optionally, the glass curtain wall is a transparent insulated glass or a low-emissivity coated glass;

[0023] The polycarbonate panel curtain wall is made of milky white diffuse reflective polycarbonate panels or prism-type light-guiding polycarbonate panels, and its inner surface is provided with a microprism structure or diffuse reflective coating.

[0024] Optionally, a first ventilation louver is provided on part of the light-transmitting enclosure curtain wall;

[0025] The first ventilation louver is located in the lower part of the structural cavity, and the roof lighting ventilator is located at the top of the structural cavity to form a passive air-drawing channel with bottom air intake and top air exhaust.

[0026] Optionally, the roof lighting and ventilation device includes a box body, the bottom of which is connected to the structural cavity, and second ventilation louvers are provided on the left and right side walls and the rear side wall of the box body. The top wall and the front side wall of the box body are provided with glass skylights.

[0027] Optionally, the second ventilation louvers on the left and rear side walls of the housing are insulated louver structures, with blades made of insulated board, used to selectively open or close the air passages of the corresponding side walls.

[0028] Optionally, the integrated ventilation and lighting structural module is installed through the floor slabs of a multi-story building;

[0029] Multiple sets of roof beams are fixedly connected at intervals along the height direction to the outer side of the vertical column and the Y-shaped load-bearing column. Each set of roof beams includes longitudinal beams and transverse beams arranged in a cross pattern. The roof beams are used to support the floor slabs or roofs of multi-story buildings.

[0030] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0031] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The integrated ventilation and lighting structure module of this invention, by using Y-shaped load-bearing columns with bifurcated structures, vertical columns, and a light-transmitting enclosure curtain wall set between the columns to jointly construct an integrated main frame, can, compared with the prior art, break through the closed limitations of traditional solid load-bearing columns while meeting the stable load-bearing requirements of multi-story buildings. It utilizes the space between the column structures to construct a natural ventilation and lighting channel that runs through the building, achieving a high degree of integration of the three major functions of building structure load-bearing, ventilation, and lighting. This significantly improves the utilization rate of building space, improves the indoor physical environment, and achieves the beneficial effects of passive energy saving. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of Embodiment 1 of the integrated ventilation and lighting structure module of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a front view schematic diagram of Embodiment 1 of the integrated ventilation and lighting structure module of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a side view schematic diagram of Embodiment 1 of the integrated ventilation and lighting structure module of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the roof lighting and ventilation unit in the front-to-back direction of Embodiment 1 of the integrated ventilation and lighting structure module of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the roof ventilator in the left-right direction of Embodiment 1 of the integrated ventilation and lighting structure module of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a rooftop lighting and ventilation unit according to Embodiment 2 of the integrated ventilation and lighting structure module of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A cross-sectional view of the roof skylight and ventilation unit in the diagram;

[0039] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a rooftop lighting and ventilation unit, which is an embodiment 3 of the integrated ventilation and lighting structure module of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a rooftop lighting and ventilation unit, which is an embodiment 4 of the integrated ventilation and lighting structure module of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of Embodiment 5 of the integrated ventilation and lighting structure module of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 5 of the integrated ventilation and lighting structure module of the present invention when applied to a tall factory building.

[0043] [Explanation of Labels in the Attached Image]

[0044] 1: Y-shaped load-bearing column; 101: base column; 102: first branch column; 103: second branch column; 2: first vertical column; 3: second vertical column; 4: roof beam; 5: roof skylight and ventilator; 501: box body; 502: second ventilation louver; 503: glass skylight; 504: extension section; 6: mechanical exhaust device; 7: first ventilation louver; 9: glass curtain wall; 10: polycarbonate sheet curtain wall; 11: V-shaped skylight; 12: roof; 13: reflector. Detailed Implementation

[0045] To better explain and facilitate understanding of the present invention, a detailed description of the invention is provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. In this document, directional terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," and "rear" are used interchangeably. Figure 1 The orientation is used as a reference. Among them, the front and back direction is north-south, and the left and right direction is east-west.

[0046] Example 1:

[0047] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 This embodiment provides an integrated ventilation and lighting structural module, including at least two spaced-apart Y-shaped load-bearing columns 1. These Y-shaped load-bearing columns 1 form the core support framework of the entire structure, including a base column 101 and a first branch column 102 and a second branch column 103 extending upwards from the top of the base column 101. Preferably, the angle between the first branch column 102 and the second branch column 103 is set to 30°-120°. This angle range ensures both the stability of the mechanical load-bearing capacity and provides sufficient span for the formation of the internal space.

[0048] Multiple vertical columns are connected to the top of the Y-shaped load-bearing column 1 and extend upwards. Specifically, the multiple vertical columns include a first vertical column 2 fixedly installed at the top of the first branch column 102, and a second vertical column 3 fixedly installed at the top of the second branch column 103. The multiple vertical columns on at least two Y-shaped load-bearing columns 1 together enclose a vertically connected structural cavity, which serves as a physical channel for air circulation and natural light transmission within the factory building.

[0049] Furthermore, the Y-shaped load-bearing column 1 and the vertical column can be prefabricated using steel molds or steel-concrete composite structures in a standardized manner.

[0050] To enclose the structural cavity and allow for natural lighting, a translucent enclosure curtain wall is installed between adjacent vertical columns. Furthermore, the translucent enclosure curtain wall includes a north-south oriented glass curtain wall 9 and an east-west oriented polycarbonate panel curtain wall 10. Because different building orientations respond differently to solar radiation, this embodiment employs a differentiated curtain wall configuration:

[0051] A glass curtain wall 9 is installed between the first vertical column 2 and the second vertical column 3 located on the same Y-shaped load-bearing column 1 (for example, corresponding to the north-south direction of the building). The glass curtain wall 9 is made of transparent insulated glass or low-emissivity coated glass, which allows short-wave solar radiation to enter the structural cavity and heat the internal air in winter, and controls the heat gain in summer through external shading or glass self-shading.

[0052] A polycarbonate panel curtain wall 10 is installed between the first vertical column 2 of the adjacent Y-shaped load-bearing column 1 and between the second vertical column 3 of the adjacent Y-shaped load-bearing column 1 (e.g., corresponding to the east-west direction of the building). The polycarbonate panel curtain wall 10 is made of milky white diffuse reflection polycarbonate panel or light guide polycarbonate panel with microprism structure on the inner surface. It can make the light entering the cavity propagate to the light outlet direction at the bottom of the Y-shaped load-bearing column after multiple reflections, thereby transmitting more light to the first floor and increasing the indoor lighting.

[0053] Preferably, the inner wall surface of the structural cavity is provided with a high reflectivity coating, the reflectivity of which is not less than 85%, to guide light to refract towards the lower part of the Y-shaped load-bearing column 1, thereby forming a uniform light-collecting cavity.

[0054] In addition, in order to make full use of the area of ​​the bifurcation region to increase the amount of light, at least two Y-shaped load-bearing columns 1 are also fitted with V-shaped light windows 11 in the bifurcation region formed between the first bifurcation column 102 and the second bifurcation column 103 to guide sunlight to the lowest part.

[0055] In terms of ventilation, this embodiment adopts a collaborative working mechanism with passive draft as the main method and mechanical exhaust as a supplement. First, first ventilation louvers 7 are installed in the lower or lower middle part of a portion of the translucent curtain wall. At the same time, a roof-mounted skylight ventilator 5 is installed at the top of the structural cavity, which is connected to the structural cavity. Specifically, the roof-mounted skylight ventilator 5 includes a housing 501, the bottom opening of which is connected to the structural cavity. Second ventilation louvers 502 are provided on the left, right, and rear side walls of the housing 501, and glass skylights 503 are provided on its top and front side walls to introduce top light sources. In the normal passive operation mode, the hot air and equipment exhaust gas in the room expand upwards due to heat and enter the structural cavity, and are discharged outdoors through the second ventilation louvers 502 at the top. At the same time, the relatively cool air in the room enters the cavity through the first ventilation louvers 7 below to replenish it, thereby spontaneously forming a natural draft (chimney effect) airflow organization with downward air intake and upward exhaust within the structural cavity, achieving zero-energy natural ventilation and cooling.

[0056] In extreme hot weather or when the equipment inside the factory generates concentrated heat, a first ventilation opening is provided in the central area of ​​the bifurcation formed between the first bifurcation column 102 and the second bifurcation column 103 to enhance the ventilation effect. A mechanical exhaust device 6 is installed at the first ventilation opening, preferably a ventilation fan. When the mechanical exhaust device 6 is turned on, the stagnant hot air in the room can be forcibly and quickly drawn into the structural cavity and discharged to the top, thereby meeting the requirement of a large air exchange volume.

[0057] Furthermore, the second ventilation louvers 502, located on the left side wall (facing east) and rear side wall (facing north) of the enclosure 501, have blades made of thermal insulation material. The second ventilation louvers 502 are adjustable to controllably open and thermally close the ventilation channels on the left and rear sides of the enclosure 501. In summer or when ventilation and cooling are needed, the second ventilation louvers 502 on the left and rear sides of the enclosure 501 are opened to allow airflow between the indoor and outdoor spaces for heat dissipation. In winter or when insulation is needed, the second ventilation louvers 502 on both sides are closed, utilizing the thermal insulation properties of the insulation material to block the convection exchange of hot and cold air between the indoor and outdoor spaces, thereby effectively preventing heat loss from the indoor space to the outdoors.

[0058] In this embodiment, the integrated ventilation and lighting structural module is installed throughout the floor slab of a two-story building. Two sets of beams 4 are fixedly connected at intervals along the height direction to the outer sides of the first vertical column 2, the second vertical column 3, and the Y-shaped load-bearing column 1. Each set of beams 4 includes longitudinal and transverse beams arranged in a cross pattern. The beams 4 not only serve to connect and fix the vertical columns and the Y-shaped load-bearing column 1, but more importantly, they directly support the floor slabs or the roof 12 of the multi-story building. Through this structural design, the integrated structural module not only retains the ventilation and lighting shafts that run through the entire multi-story building internally, but its external frame also directly bears the load-bearing task of the building's main floor slabs, greatly freeing up the effective space inside the building that was originally occupied by independent equipment pipes.

[0059] Furthermore, the roof 12 of the multi-story building using the integrated ventilation and lighting structural module of this embodiment is equipped with greenery, which serves as a rooftop landscape while improving the thermal environment inside the factory. Alternatively, a photovoltaic power generation system can be installed on the roof 12 to generate electricity, realizing the utilization of secondary renewable energy.

[0060] In summary, the integrated ventilation and lighting structure module of this embodiment achieves the following beneficial effects:

[0061] First, the structural load-bearing capacity and environmental regulation functions are highly integrated. Compared with the traditional building model where the load-bearing system and ventilation and lighting facilities are independent, this embodiment uses a structural cavity formed by a Y-shaped load-bearing column 1 and vertical columns as a functional carrier. This design cleverly utilizes the geometry of the structural components themselves to construct an environmental regulation channel that runs through the building from top to bottom, without occupying additional factory floor space or adding additional support frames. This fundamentally achieves the organic integration of ventilation paths, lighting channels, and the building's structural load-bearing system.

[0062] Secondly, it significantly improves the space utilization rate of the building's exterior surface. Since ventilation and smoke extraction functions are integrated into the structural modules, the roof area originally used for independent ventilation shafts and roof smoke extraction skylights is freed up, thus reserving a relatively complete and continuous usable area on the roof. This facilitates the subsequent installation of distributed photovoltaic power generation systems or roof greening, realizing the secondary utilization of building space.

[0063] Third, optimize the uniformity of indoor airflow and lighting environment. In practical applications, multiple integrated ventilation and lighting structural modules can be arranged in an array according to the needs of the factory. Each structural module constitutes an independent micro-ventilation shaft and lighting channel, introducing fresh air and natural light from the top of the column and gently diffusing them along the cavity to the indoor floor and surrounding work surfaces. This array layout creates a multi-point evenly distributed natural ventilation and diffused lighting effect, significantly improving the spatial uniformity of comfort in large spaces.

[0064] Fourth, it effectively reduces building operation energy consumption and maintenance costs. On the one hand, the structural cavity utilizes the thermal pressure difference created by the heat dissipation of equipment inside the factory and solar radiation from the top to drive natural airflow, achieving passive ventilation and heat dissipation. On the other hand, daytime production in the factory mainly relies on natural diffused light introduced by the structural modules. This passive design greatly reduces reliance on mechanical ventilation equipment and artificial lighting, reducing energy consumption and equipment maintenance costs throughout the building's entire life cycle from the design stage.

[0065] Fifth, it facilitates modular prefabrication and rapid assembly construction. The Y-shaped load-bearing column 1 and the vertical columns have a regular shape and can be prefabricated using steel structures or steel-concrete composite structures. Their components are uniform in form and standardized in specifications, conforming to the design principle of "fewer specifications, more combinations" in prefabricated industrial buildings. This reduces mold costs in the component production stage and allows the installation of the environmental control system's foundation channels to be completed simultaneously with the on-site hoisting and placement of the structural modules, significantly reducing on-site construction work and shortening the construction cycle.

[0066] Example 2:

[0067] See Figure 6 and Figure 7 This embodiment provides another integrated ventilation and lighting structure module. Compared with Embodiment 1, the main difference is that the top wall of the box 501 of the roof lighting and ventilation device 5 in this embodiment is a flat roof structure. This flat roof structure design eliminates the need for complex roof drainage design and is particularly suitable for dry and hot climate regions with little rainfall.

[0068] Furthermore, to improve lighting efficiency, the roof lighting ventilator 5 of this embodiment also includes multiple reflectors 13 and a drive mechanism. The multiple reflectors 13 are spaced apart below the top wall of the housing 501, and the pivots at both ends of the reflectors 13 are hinged to the left and right side walls of the housing 501, respectively. The drive mechanism is mounted on the housing 501 (e.g., on the side wall) and is connected to the multiple reflectors 13 for driving the multiple reflectors 13 to rotate in the same direction in the vertical plane to dynamically adjust the reflection angle. Preferably, the drive mechanism can be automatically adjusted by the control system according to changes in the solar altitude angle, so that sunlight can be reflected into the interior of the housing 501 at a near-vertical angle. This structure not only shortens the effective path of light entering the housing 501, but also significantly reduces light energy loss during transmission compared to the disordered refraction of light within the four walls of the housing in Embodiment 1.

[0069] Furthermore, to enhance the airflow capacity, the side wall of the housing 501 extends outward from the outer side of the second ventilation louver 502, with an extension section 504. The opening cross-sectional area of ​​the extension section 504 gradually expands in a trumpet shape from the inside out. This extension section 504, together with the interior of the housing, forms an airflow channel model similar to a "Venturi tube". When external airflow passes through this variable cross-section structure, the airflow velocity at the narrowing section of the channel increases, the dynamic pressure increases, and the static pressure decreases, thereby forming a significant negative pressure zone at the housing 501, further enhancing the passive airflow effect from bottom to top within the structural module.

[0070] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the roof-mounted skylight ventilator 5 is also covered with a dustproof screen on the outside of the second ventilation louver 502 to effectively prevent external fallen leaves, sand, and large dust particles from entering the cavity of the integrated structural module. In addition, the inner wall of the structural cavity in this embodiment is coated with a nano-titanium dioxide coating. Under the excitation of natural light (especially ultraviolet light) introduced from the top, this nano-titanium dioxide coating can exert a photocatalytic effect to decompose the attached fine organic dust. The decomposed products are then discharged outdoors under the influence of the upward airflow, thereby achieving a self-cleaning function for the air passage inside the structural cavity and greatly reducing subsequent maintenance costs.

[0071] The remaining parts that are the same as in Example 1 will not be repeated here.

[0072] Example 3:

[0073] See Figure 8 This embodiment provides another integrated ventilation and lighting structure module. The main difference from the above embodiment 2 is that the top wall of the box 501 of the roof lighting and ventilation device 5 in this embodiment is an arc-shaped top structure.

[0074] The arched top structure of the enclosure 501 possesses excellent optical focusing and guiding properties, enabling it to converge and guide sunlight from different incident angles into the structural cavity and interior space. Simultaneously, it effectively softens the light, preventing glare from localized high-intensity light on the interior work surface. Furthermore, this arched surface design allows light entering the enclosure 501 to undergo multiple total internal reflections, preventing it from easily scattering outwards. This creates a "light trap" effect at the top of the enclosure, significantly improving the capture and utilization rate of natural light sources.

[0075] It should be noted that, based on the aforementioned optical characteristics, the integrated ventilation and lighting structure module of this embodiment is extremely well-suited for capturing solar radiation incident at low angles, and is therefore particularly suitable for high-latitude regions in the north with relatively small solar altitude angles.

[0076] The remaining structure and working principle are the same as those in Embodiment 2 above, and will not be described again here.

[0077] Example 4:

[0078] See Figure 9 This embodiment provides another integrated ventilation and lighting structure module. Compared with the above embodiment 2, the main difference is that the top wall of the box 501 of the roof lighting and ventilation device 5 in this embodiment is a double-sloped roof structure. Specifically, the top wall of the box 501 has a first sloping roof that slopes towards the front (south) and a second sloping roof that slopes towards the rear (north).

[0079] Compared to the flat roof structure of Example 2, this gable roof structure utilizes its own gravity slope to give the roof ventilator 5 excellent self-drainage and skid-off resistance. In extreme weather conditions, it can effectively prevent water leakage from the roof walls and prevent obstruction of lighting or structural overload caused by heavy snow cover. Therefore, it is extremely suitable for hot-summer and cold-winter regions or mid-to-high latitude regions with abundant precipitation, where summers are rainy and winters are prone to icing and snow accumulation.

[0080] The remaining structure and working principle are the same as those in the above embodiments, and will not be described again here.

[0081] Example 5:

[0082] See Figure 10 and Figure 11 This embodiment is basically the same as Embodiment 1 in terms of structure and working principle. The main difference between the two lies in the applicable scenarios and size parameters. Specifically, this embodiment takes a tall factory building with three floors as an example. The overall height of the integrated ventilation and lighting structure module is set to 43 meters, of which the height of the first and second floors is 16 meters, the height of the third floor is 8 meters, and the height of the roof lighting and ventilation device 5 is 3 meters.

[0083] It should be noted that this embodiment is not limited to the specific number of floors and height mentioned above. The structural module is also applicable to tall, spacious buildings with four, five, six, or more floors, and the column height can be adaptively adjusted according to the actual floor height of the building. The integrated ventilation and lighting structural module is not only suitable for tall, spacious buildings such as single-story or multi-story industrial plants, logistics warehouses, and transportation hubs, but also for building types with complex requirements for indoor light and heat environment, such as stadiums, exhibition centers, and agricultural facilities.

[0084] The remaining parts that are the same as in Example 1 will not be repeated here.

[0085] Example 6:

[0086] Based on Example 1, this example provides another integrated ventilation and lighting structural module. This example further optimizes the thermodynamic heat transfer path and optical transmission path within the structural cavity, specifically including the following improvements:

[0087] First, to enhance the efficiency of waste heat removal in the lower zones, one or more sets of gravity-type thermosiphons (not shown in the figure) are laid along the height direction on the inner wall of the structural cavity. The bottom end (evaporation section) of the gravity-type thermosiphon extends to the middle and lower zones of the structural module, and the top end (condensation section) extends to the exhaust area near the roof ventilator 5. Utilizing the physical cycle of the phase change working fluid inside the pipe absorbing heat, vaporizing and rising, releasing heat and condensing, and then flowing back under gravity, the waste heat accumulated below the structural module is efficiently transported to the top of the column for discharge without power consumption, effectively improving the response speed of passive ventilation and cooling.

[0088] Secondly, to meet the stringent requirements for high-intensity uniformity of illumination in functional rooms or precision workstations within the factory building, a concentrating light-collecting dome (not shown in the figure) was added to the top of the roof-mounted lighting and ventilation unit 5. The concentrating light-collecting dome integrates an optical coupling lens assembly to efficiently couple high-intensity natural light into the optical fiber bundle. The optical fiber bundle is concealed downwards along the inner wall of the structural cavity from the top, utilizing the flexible bending and total internal reflection characteristics of optical fibers to avoid structural obstacles within the building, transmitting natural light with low loss across floors to any designated workstation for precise illumination. This structure complements the homogeneous background lighting of the translucent enclosure curtain wall, constructing an optical synergy system of background diffuse reflection plus localized precise fiber optic light guidance, achieving zero-carbon lighting while perfectly meeting the stringent lighting requirements of complex industrial scenarios.

[0089] The remaining parts that are the same as in Example 1 will not be repeated here.

[0090] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0091] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0092] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that they are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," or "on top" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," or "beneath" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0093] In the description of this specification, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0094] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make modifications, alterations, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ventilation and lighting integrated structural module, characterized in that, include: At least two Y-shaped load-bearing columns (1) are arranged at intervals. The Y-shaped load-bearing column (1) includes a base column (101) and a first branch column (102) and a second branch column (103) extending upward from the top of the base column (101). Multiple vertical columns are fixedly connected to the top of the first branch column (102) and the second branch column (103) and extend upward. The multiple vertical columns on the at least two Y-shaped load-bearing columns (1) together form a vertically connected structural cavity, which serves as a channel for air circulation and natural light transmission. A translucent enclosure curtain wall is installed between adjacent vertical columns to enclose the sidewalls of the structural cavity; as well as A rooftop skylight ventilator (5) is installed at the top of the structural cavity and is connected to the structural cavity.

2. The integrated ventilation and lighting structure module as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The included angle between the first branch post (102) and the second branch post (103) is 30°-120°; A first ventilation opening is provided in the bifurcation center area formed between the first bifurcation post (102) and the second bifurcation post (103), and a mechanical exhaust device (6) is provided at the first ventilation opening.

3. The integrated ventilation and lighting structure module as described in claim 1, characterized in that, At least two of the Y-shaped load-bearing columns (1) are provided with V-shaped light-transmitting windows (11) in the bifurcation area formed between the first bifurcation column (102) and the second bifurcation column (103).

4. The integrated ventilation and lighting structure module as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The plurality of vertical columns include a first vertical column (2) disposed on the first branch column (102) and a second vertical column (3) disposed on the second branch column (103); The light-transmitting enclosure includes a glass curtain wall (9) and a polycarbonate sheet curtain wall (10). The glass curtain wall (9) is provided between the first vertical column (2) and the second vertical column (3) located on the same Y-shaped load-bearing column (1); The polycarbonate panel curtain wall (10) is provided between the first vertical column (2) of the adjacent Y-shaped load-bearing column (1) and between the second vertical column (3) of the adjacent Y-shaped load-bearing column (1).

5. The integrated ventilation and lighting structure module as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The glass curtain wall (9) is a transparent insulated glass or a low-emissivity coated glass; The polycarbonate panel curtain wall (10) is a milky white diffuse reflective polycarbonate panel or a prism-type light guide polycarbonate panel, and its inner surface is provided with a microprism structure or a diffuse reflective coating.

6. The integrated ventilation and lighting structure module as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The light-transmitting enclosure wall is provided with a first ventilation louver (7); The first ventilation louver (7) is located in the lower part of the structural cavity, and the roof lighting ventilator (5) is located at the top of the structural cavity to construct a passive air-drawing channel with bottom air intake and top air exhaust.

7. The integrated ventilation and lighting structure module as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The roof lighting and ventilation device (5) includes a box (501), the bottom of which is connected to the structural cavity, and second ventilation louvers (502) are provided on the left and right side walls and the rear side wall of the box (501). The top wall and the front side wall of the box (501) are provided with glass skylights (503).

8. The integrated ventilation and lighting structure module as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The second ventilation louvers (502) on the left and rear side walls of the housing (501) adopt an insulated louver structure, and their blades are made of insulated board, which are used to selectively open or close the air passage of the corresponding side wall.

9. The integrated ventilation and lighting structural module as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The integrated ventilation and lighting structural module is installed throughout the floor slabs of multi-story buildings; Multiple sets of roof beams (4) are fixedly connected at intervals along the height direction to the outside of the vertical column and the Y-shaped load-bearing column (1). Each set of roof beams (4) includes longitudinal beams and transverse beams arranged in a cross pattern. The roof beams (4) are used to support the floor slabs or roof (12) of a multi-story building.

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