Tunnel anti-deformation emergency support device
By designing multiple single-unit movable support components and cross-distributed support point assemblies, the problems of inconvenient movement and insufficient adaptability of tunnel support devices are solved, achieving stable support and uniform load distribution, and improving the deformation resistance and stability of tunnel support devices.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Filing Date
- 2026-06-03
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-14
AI Technical Summary
Existing tunnel support devices are fixed structures that occupy a large space, are inconvenient to move and transport, cannot adapt to the uneven inner walls of the tunnel top, and are prone to support suspension and local stress concentration, resulting in insufficient support stability and deformation resistance.
Multiple single-unit movable support components are used, connected by sliding direction limiting components and sliding range limiting components. The support components can be adjusted to move closer to or further away. Combined with independently driven linear actuators and cross-distributed support point assemblies, it can adapt to uneven tunnel tops and achieve stable support and uniform load distribution.
The device reduces its footprint when not in use, making it easier to move and transport. When in use, it expands its support range to adapt to uneven tunnels, improving support stability and resistance to deformation, avoiding local stress concentration, and enhancing overall pressure-bearing stability.
Smart Images
Figure CN122383376A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel support device technology, specifically a tunnel deformation-resistant emergency support device. Background Technology
[0002] Tunnel support devices are specialized structural facilities used in tunnel engineering to provide temporary or permanent support for surrounding rock and tunnel bodies. They are mainly used in the entire process of excavation, tunneling, and lining construction of highway, railway, municipal, water conservancy, and mining tunnels. Tunnel support devices can be quickly erected to form a stable load-bearing system. Through their excellent deformation resistance, they continuously resist deformation caused by surrounding rock compression, ground settlement, and load impact, and always maintain the spatial shape and force balance of the tunnel body. They can effectively prevent further loosening, cracking, and collapse of the surrounding rock, avoid safety hazards such as collapses and encroachment, and ensure the operational safety of construction personnel and machinery.
[0003] Existing tunnel support devices are mostly fixed structures with no single support unit that can be folded or unfolded. They occupy a large space and are very inconvenient to move and transport for emergency use. Moreover, traditional support devices cannot be adapted to the unevenness of the tunnel roof and inner wall, which can lead to support suspension, resulting in local stress concentration and insufficient support stability and deformation resistance. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a tunnel deformation-resistant emergency support device to solve the problems mentioned in the background art. These existing tunnel support devices are mostly integral fixed structures, lacking both retractable and extended deformation states, occupying a large space, and are very inconvenient to move and transport in emergency situations. Moreover, traditional support devices cannot be specifically adapted to the uneven inner walls of tunnels, leading to support suspension problems, resulting in local stress concentration and insufficient support stability and deformation resistance.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a tunnel anti-deformation emergency support device, comprising multiple single-unit movable support components, which are connected by sliding direction limiting components. The multiple single-unit movable support components are arranged in two ways on the sliding direction limiting components: one where the single-unit movable support components are close together, and the other where they are far apart. Each single-unit movable support component includes a support frame and a top support frame mechanism. Two support frames are respectively disposed below both ends of the top support frame mechanism. The height of the top support frame mechanism of each single-unit movable support component is independently driven and adjusted by the support frame of that single-unit movable support component.
[0006] Preferably, the top support frame mechanism includes a crossbeam and support point assemblies. Multiple support point assemblies are arranged above the crossbeam, with each support point assembly arranged in sequence at different heights. The top of each support point assembly is connected in an arc shape, and the top of the support frame is fixedly connected to the lower end of the crossbeam.
[0007] Preferably, in the multiple support point components of the top support frame mechanism, there is a distance between two adjacent support point components, and the distribution positions of the support point components of adjacent top support frame mechanisms are staggered and intersecting in sequence.
[0008] Preferably, the support point assembly includes a vertical rod, a support base, a spring, and a support plate. The bottom of the vertical rod is fixedly connected to the crossbeam, the support base is fixedly connected to the top of the vertical rod, and the support base and the support plate are connected by a spring.
[0009] Preferably, the support frame includes a linear driver, a connector, and a support column. The bottom of the connector is fixedly connected to the support column, and the top of the connector is fixedly connected to the body of the linear driver. The output end of the linear driver is fixedly connected to the top support frame mechanism. All connectors of single movable support members located on the same side are connected to the same sliding direction limiting member.
[0010] Preferably, among the multiple connectors on the same side, the last connector is fixedly connected to the sliding direction limiting member, and the remaining connectors are slidably connected to the sliding direction limiting member.
[0011] Preferably, except for the last connecting member, all of them have horizontally opened connecting holes. The sliding direction limiting member passes through the connecting hole. The connecting hole is provided with pulleys at the top and bottom. The sliding direction limiting member is provided with sliding grooves at the top and bottom. The upper and lower pulleys are abutted and connected to the sliding grooves.
[0012] Preferably, the sliding direction limiting member includes a fixed end and a rotating end, one end of the fixed end is fixedly connected to the connecting member located at the far end, and the other end is rotatably connected to the rotating end.
[0013] Preferably, the fixed end has an inner groove hole near its interior, and a limiting frame is fixedly connected to the inner groove hole of the fixed end near its end position. A second rotating member is provided at the end of the rotating end near the fixed end. The second rotating member is rotatably connected to a first rotating member. The first rotating member is slidably connected inside the inner groove hole of the fixed end. The shape of the second rotating member matches the inner diameter of the limiting frame. A protruding edge is provided at the end of the first rotating member away from the second rotating member. The outer diameter of the protruding edge is larger than the inner diameter of the limiting frame.
[0014] Preferably, a sliding range limiting member is provided between every two adjacent connectors. The sliding range limiting member includes a crossbar and a positioning member. The crossbar has a through hole. One end of the crossbar is fixedly connected to the side of one of the connectors. The positioning member is fixedly connected to the side of the other connector. The positioning member slides back and forth laterally within the through hole of the crossbar.
[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. By setting up multiple single-unit movable support components, the present invention reduces the footprint of the entire device when the individual single-unit movable support components are closely close together in the non-use state, which facilitates positioning, movement and transportation during emergency use. When not in use, the individual single-unit movable support components are unfolded, which expands the support range and can support the areas of the tunnel that need to resist deformation over a larger area. 2. Through the setting of single-set movable support members and support point components, the linear actuators of different single-set movable support members can be driven independently, and the structural characteristics of support point component 22, this device can not only meet the needs of adapting and stabilizing support for uneven support positions of different single-set movable support members, but also adapt and stabilize support for uneven support points of various support point components at the same single-set movable support member support position. This allows the device to fit against the inner wall of the tunnel top, share the pressure of the tunnel surrounding rock, effectively avoid the problem of local stress concentration, and greatly improve the overall support stability and deformation resistance. 3. By configuring the distribution of support point components, the present invention combines the distribution of each support point component on each top support frame mechanism with the intersecting distribution of support point components on adjacent top support frame mechanisms. This ensures that when each individual movable support component of the device is in a distant state, all support point components are evenly distributed in the area to be supported. This can evenly distribute the tunnel surrounding rock load to each support point, avoid local overload, effectively reduce the risk of structural deformation and cracking, and fully conform to the contour of the tunnel perimeter wall, significantly improving the overall pressure-bearing stability and enhancing the deformation resistance of the device. Attached Figure Description
[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the approach state of each set of movable support components of the tunnel anti-deformation emergency support device of the present invention.
[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of each set of movable support components of the tunnel anti-deformation emergency support device of the present invention in the state of being far away.
[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of each individual movable support component of the present invention.
[0019] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the support frame and the sliding direction limiting member of the present invention.
[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the sliding direction limiting component of the present invention.
[0021] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the fixed end and the rotating end of the present invention.
[0022] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the top support frame mechanism of the present invention.
[0023] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the support point component structure of the present invention.
[0024] In the diagram: 1. Support frame; 11. Linear actuator; 12. Connector; 121. Connecting hole; 122. Pulley; 13. Support column; 131. Support column; 132. Sliding base; 2. Top support frame mechanism; 21. Crossbeam; 22. Support point assembly; 221. Vertical rod; 222. Support seat; 223. Spring; 224. Support plate; 3. Sliding direction limiting component; 301. Slide groove; 302. Inner groove hole; 303. Limiting frame; 31. Fixed end; 311. First rotating component; 3111. Protruding edge; 32. Rotating end; 321. Second rotating component; 4. Sliding range limiting component; 41. Crossbar; 411. Through hole; 42. Positioning component. Detailed Implementation
[0025] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0026] One embodiment of the present invention: a tunnel deformation-resistant emergency support device, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it includes multiple single-unit movable support components, sliding direction limiting component 3, and sliding range limiting component 4.
[0027] The single movable support unit includes a support frame 1 and a top support frame mechanism 2. Two support frames 1 are respectively located below the two ends of the top support frame mechanism 2. The support frames 1 symmetrically support the top support frame mechanism 2 from left to right.
[0028] like Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the support frame 1 includes a linear actuator 11, a connector 12, and a support frame 13. The top support mechanism 2 of each individual movable support is independently driven and its height adjusted by the support frame 1 of its respective individual movable support. The top of the connector 12 is fixedly connected to the body of the linear actuator 11, and the output end of the linear actuator 11 is fixedly connected to the crossbeam 21 of the top support mechanism 2. Two linear actuators 11 located on the same individual movable support are synchronously driven in operation, thereby smoothly raising or lowering the height of the top support mechanism 2. For different individual movable support units, their linear actuators 11 can be driven independently. Therefore, in the tunnel, each individual movable support unit can have its linear actuator 11 adjusted according to its height, ensuring that the device maintains good support even in emergency situations where various tunnel top unevenness may occur. This ensures that each support point works as effectively as possible, providing stable support for the tunnel top.
[0029] The bottom of the connector 12 is fixedly connected to the support frame 13. The support frame 13 includes a column 131 and a sliding base 132. The column 131 is fixedly connected above the sliding base 132. The support frame 13 serves as the main support. The sliding base 132 enables each single set of mobile support components to move and position quickly and smoothly in an emergency, meeting the needs of installation, use, disassembly, and transportation of the device in different areas of the tunnel under emergency conditions.
[0030] like Figure 4 As shown, multiple single-unit movable support components are connected by sliding direction limiting components 3. All connecting components 12 on the same side of the single-unit movable support components are connected to the same sliding direction limiting component 3. There are two arrangements of the multiple single-unit movable support components on the sliding direction limiting component 3: one where the individual single-unit movable support components are close together, and the other where they are far apart. In non-use situations, the close proximity of the individual single-unit movable support components reduces the overall footprint of the device, facilitating positioning, movement, and transportation during emergency use. In standby situations, the extended state of the individual single-unit movable support components expands the support range, enabling greater support for areas of the tunnel requiring deformation resistance.
[0031] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, among the multiple connectors 12 on the same side, the last connector 12 is fixedly connected to the sliding direction limiting member 3, while the remaining connectors 12 are slidably connected to the sliding direction limiting member 3. The last support frame 1 serves as a marker for the positioning position, and the remaining support frames 1 slide sequentially to unfold each individual movable support member. Except for the last connector 12, each connector 12 has a horizontally opening connecting hole 121. The sliding direction limiting member 3 passes through the connecting hole 121, and pulleys 122 are provided both above and below the connecting hole 121. The sliding direction limiting member 3 has upper and lower sliding grooves 301, and the upper and lower pulleys 122 abut against the sliding grooves 301. When the remaining connectors 12 slide relative to the sliding direction limiting member 3, the connection structure between the sliding groove 301 and the pulleys 122 forms upper and lower limits, keeping all connectors 12 moving at the same height. The sliding direction limiting member 3 not only connects each individual movable support member into a whole but also satisfies the requirement for a scalable connection structure for each individual movable support member of the device.
[0032] The sliding direction limiting member 3 includes a fixed end 31 and a rotating end 32. One end of the fixed end 31 is fixedly connected to the connector 12 located at the far end, and the other end is rotatably connected to the rotating end 32. The sliding direction limiting member 3 is divided into two sections. Through the folding function of the rotating end 32, it can accommodate two distribution scenarios of multiple single sets of movable support members. In the non-use state, the sliding direction limiting member 3 can also be folded accordingly, saving the overall footprint of the connectors 12 of all single sets of movable support members. In the use state, the fixed end 31 and the rotating end 32 form a structure in a horizontal direction, and the connectors 12 of all single sets of movable support members are evenly distributed on the sliding direction limiting member 3.
[0033] The fixed end 31 has an inner groove 302 near its interior. The inner groove 302 of the fixed end 31 is fixedly connected to the limiting frame 303 near its end. The rotating end 32 is provided with a second rotating member 321 near the end of the fixed end 31. The second rotating member 321 is rotatably connected to the first rotating member 311. The first rotating member 311 is slidably connected inside the inner groove 302 of the fixed end 31. The shape of the second rotating member 321 matches the inner diameter of the limiting frame 303. The end of the first rotating member 311 away from the second rotating member 321 is provided with a protruding edge 3111. The outer diameter of the protruding edge 3111 is larger than the inner diameter of the limiting frame 303. When the connection between the fixed end 31 and the rotating end 32 is folded, the rotating end 32 is first pulled outward. The first rotating member 311 and the rotating end 32 move together away from the fixed end 31. After the second rotating member 321 and the first rotating member 311 are exposed outside the fixed end 31, the first rotating member 311 can rotate relative to the first rotating member 311, thereby realizing the folding of the rotating end 32. When the connection between the fixed end 31 and the rotating end 32 is closed, the rotating end 32 is rotated to be parallel to the fixed end 31 and pushed towards the fixed end 31. Both the second rotating member 321 and the first rotating member 311 are inserted into the end of the fixed end 31. The protruding edge 3111 allows the second rotating member 321 to move inside the end of the fixed end 31 without detaching from the fixed end 31. The matching of the shape of the second rotating member 321 with the limiting frame 303 ensures that after the second rotating member 321 is inserted into the fixed end 31, the fixed end 31 and the rotating end 32 remain horizontal.
[0034] like Figure 4 As shown, a sliding range limiting member 4 is provided between every two adjacent connecting members 12. The sliding range limiting member 4 includes a crossbar 41 and a positioning member 42. The crossbar 41 has a through hole 411. One end of the crossbar 41 is fixedly connected to the side of one connecting member 12, and the positioning member 42 is fixedly connected to the side of the other connecting member 12. The positioning member 42 slides laterally back and forth within the through hole 411 of the crossbar 41. When the distance between each set of movable support members is adjusted, the crossbar 41 acts as a retainer for the maximum separation distance between each set of movable support members. When each set of movable support members is close together, the positioning member 42 is located at the front end of the through hole 411 of the crossbar 41. When each set of movable support members is far apart, the positioning member 42 is located at the rear end of the through hole 411 of the crossbar 41. This ensures that when one set of movable support members is pulled, each positioning member 42 reaches the rear end of the through hole 411 of the crossbar 41, and the remaining sets of movable support members can automatically disperse into evenly distributed positions.
[0035] like Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, the top support frame mechanism 2 includes a crossbeam 21 and support point assemblies 22. Multiple support point assemblies 22 are arranged along the longitudinal direction of the crossbeam 21 above it. The heights of the support point assemblies 22 are sequentially arranged, and the tops of the support point assemblies 22 are connected in an arc shape. The top of the support frame 1 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the crossbeam 21. Each support point assembly 22 includes a vertical rod 221, a support base 222, a spring 223, and a support plate 224. The bottom of the vertical rod 221 is fixedly connected to the crossbeam 21, and the support base 222 is fixedly connected to the top of the vertical rod 221. The support base 222 and the support plate 224 are connected by springs 223. Multiple springs 223 are evenly distributed between the support base 222 and the support plate 224, and the outer diameters of the support base 222 and the support plate 224 are matched. The top support frame mechanism 2 and multiple support point components 22 of each individual movable support member increase the number of support points between the device and the tunnel roof, improving the support effect compared to traditional methods. Simultaneously, based on the ability of each individual movable support member to independently adjust the support height of its top support frame mechanism 2, the support plates 224 of each support point component 22, under the action of springs 223, can adaptively adjust their support according to the height of the corresponding support point component 22 on the tunnel roof. This allows the device to adaptably and stably support uneven surfaces in the tunnel's deformation-resistant area, not only for different individual movable support members but also for the uneven surfaces of the support point components 22 at the same location. This enables the device to conform to the inner wall of the tunnel roof, share the pressure of the surrounding rock, effectively avoid local stress concentration, and significantly improve overall support stability and deformation resistance.
[0036] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, in the top support frame mechanism 2, there is a distance between adjacent support point components 22, and the support point components 22 of adjacent top support frame mechanisms 2 are staggered and intersecting in sequence. The top support frame mechanism 2 has two types of support point component arrangement, and these two types of top support frame mechanisms 2 are distributed alternately in sequence. When each individual set of movable supports is close together, the support point components 22 of adjacent top support frame mechanisms 2 intersect each other; when each individual set of movable supports is far apart, the support point components 22 of adjacent top support frame mechanisms 2 are separated from each other, leaving gaps between them. The distribution of each support point component 22 on each top support frame mechanism 2, combined with the intersecting distribution of the support point components 22 of adjacent top support frame mechanisms 2, ensures that all support point components 22 are evenly distributed in the area to be supported when each single set of movable support members of the device is in a distant state. This can evenly distribute the tunnel surrounding rock load to each support point, avoid local overload, effectively reduce the risk of structural deformation and cracking, conform to the contour of the tunnel perimeter wall in all directions, greatly improve the overall pressure bearing stability, and enhance the deformation resistance of the device.
[0037] Working process: When the device is needed in an emergency, the device is moved and positioned as a whole to the area to be supported, with each individual movable support member in a close position. The rotating end 32 is rotated and adjusted to be horizontal with the fixed end 31, keeping the position of the last movable support member unchanged. The movable support member furthest from the last movable support member is pulled, which can slide and disperse each movable support member along the sliding direction limiting member 3. Under the limiting action of the sliding range limiting member 4, the distance between each movable support member reaches the maximum and is the same. The two linear actuators 11 of each movable support member drive synchronously in the working state. The linear actuators 11 of different movable support members can be driven independently, so that the top support frame mechanism 2 of each movable support member is adjusted upward to the corresponding height and supported on the inner wall of the tunnel top. Each support point component 22 on the same top support frame mechanism 2 supports the corresponding point, and its support plate 224 is attached to and stably supports the inner wall of the tunnel top in the corresponding area.
[0038] The above are merely embodiments of the present invention, and common knowledge regarding specific structures and characteristics in the solutions has not been described in detail here. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Therefore, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.
Claims
1. A tunnel deformation-resistant emergency support device, characterized in that: It includes multiple single-group movable support components, which are connected by sliding direction limiting components (3). There are two ways in which the multiple single-group movable support components are arranged on the sliding direction limiting components (3): one is that the single-group movable support components are close to each other, and the other is that the single-group movable support components are far apart. Each single-group movable support component includes a support frame (1) and a top support frame mechanism (2). The support frame (1) is provided with two components respectively located below the two ends of the top support frame mechanism (2). The top support frame mechanism (2) of each single-group movable support component is independently driven and its height is adjusted by the support frame (1) of the single-group movable support component.
2. The tunnel deformation-resistant emergency support device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top support frame mechanism (2) includes a crossbeam (21) and support point components (22). Multiple support point components (22) are arranged above the crossbeam (21). The heights of each support point component (22) are arranged sequentially. The top of each support point component (22) is connected in an arc shape. The top of the support frame body (1) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the end of the crossbeam (21).
3. The tunnel deformation-resistant emergency support device according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the multiple support point components (22) of the top support frame mechanism (2), there is a distance between two adjacent support point components (22), and the support point components (22) of adjacent top support frame mechanisms (2) are distributed in a staggered and intersecting manner.
4. The tunnel deformation-resistant emergency support device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The support point assembly (22) includes a vertical rod (221), a support base (222), a spring (223), and a support plate (224). The bottom of the vertical rod (221) is fixedly connected to the crossbeam (21), and the support base (222) is fixedly connected to the top of the vertical rod (221). The support base (222) and the support plate (224) are connected by the spring (223).
5. The tunnel deformation-resistant emergency support device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support frame (1) includes a linear driver (11), a connector (12), and a support column (13). The bottom of the connector (12) is fixedly connected to the support column (13), and the top of the connector (12) is fixedly connected to the body of the linear driver (11). The output end of the linear driver (11) is fixedly connected to the top support frame mechanism (2). All the connectors (12) of the single set of moving support members located on the same side are connected to the same sliding direction limiting member (3).
6. The tunnel deformation-resistant emergency support device according to claim 5, characterized in that: Among the multiple connectors (12) on the same side, the last connector (12) is fixedly connected to the sliding direction limiting member (3), and the remaining connectors (12) are slidably connected to the sliding direction limiting member (3).
7. The tunnel deformation-resistant emergency support device according to claim 6, characterized in that: Except for the last connecting piece (12), all of them have horizontally opened connecting holes (121). The sliding direction limiting piece (3) passes through the connecting hole (121). The connecting hole (121) is provided with pulleys (122) at the top and bottom. The sliding direction limiting piece (3) is provided with sliding grooves (301) at the top and bottom. The upper and lower pulleys (122) are both connected to the sliding grooves (301).
8. The tunnel deformation-resistant emergency support device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The sliding direction limiting member (3) includes a fixed end (31) and a rotating end (32). One end of the fixed end (31) is fixedly connected to the connector (12) located at the far end, and the other end is rotatably connected to the rotating end (32).
9. The tunnel deformation-resistant emergency support device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The fixed end (31) has an inner groove (302) near its interior. The inner groove (302) of the fixed end (31) is fixedly connected to the limiting frame (303) near its end position. The rotating end (32) is provided with a second rotating member (321) near the end of the fixed end (31). The second rotating member (321) is rotatably connected to a first rotating member (311). The first rotating member (311) is slidably connected inside the inner groove (302) of the fixed end (31). The shape of the second rotating member (321) matches the inner diameter of the limiting frame (303). The end of the first rotating member (311) away from the second rotating member (321) is provided with a protruding edge (3111). The outer diameter of the protruding edge (3111) is larger than the inner diameter of the limiting frame (303).
10. A tunnel deformation-resistant emergency support device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A sliding range limiting member (4) is provided between every two adjacent connectors (12). The sliding range limiting member (4) includes a crossbar (41) and a positioning member (42). The crossbar (41) has a through hole (411). One end of the crossbar (41) is fixedly connected to the side of one of its connectors (12). The positioning member (42) is fixedly connected to the side of the other connector (12). The positioning member (42) slides back and forth laterally in the through hole (411) of the crossbar (41).