Mine construction dual-purpose method based on full-protection type compressed air self-rescue device and self-rescuer

Abstract

This invention discloses a dual-purpose method for mining and construction based on a fully protective compressed air self-rescue device and a self-rescuer, applicable to underground mining and building fire protection. In this method, the self-rescuer acts as a remote control for the fully protective compressed air self-rescue device. In the event of an accident, personnel activate the self-rescuer to escape. The device immediately sends a control signal, triggering the electronic lock of the fully protective compressed air self-rescue device to open, the door to open, and the compressed air valve to open. The airbag rolls out and is inflated by the air column, allowing personnel to enter the airbag for refuge. The fully protective compressed air self-rescue device is externally equipped with an automatic sprinkler system, which is a humanoid robot capable of both fire suppression and inspection. It can detect toxic and harmful gases, support reliability, and tunnel deformation underground, and detect dangerous gases inside buildings and water vegetables or flowers in the refuge compartment. Specifically, the robot employs distributed training and data integration, using consumers as trainers. The data trained by each consumer is aggregated and shared with all robots, making each robot both a data beneficiary and a data contributor, thereby continuously improving the robot's environmental adaptability and task execution intelligence. This invention enables rapid evacuation through the linkage of a self-rescue device and a fully protective compressed air self-rescue device, and significantly enhances fire-fighting, inspection, and assisted escape capabilities in mining and construction scenarios through a self-evolving robot.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of disaster escape, specifically relating to a dual-purpose mining and construction method based on a fully protective compressed air self-rescue device and a self-rescuer. Background Technology

[0002] Relevant patents include CN201320446252.8 "A Fully Protective Compressed Air Self-Rescue Device", CN202310641064.9 "A Fully Protective Compressed Air Self-Rescue Device with an Added Shell", and CN202211074748.7 "An Artificial Intelligence Self-Rescue Device". These patent applications aim to achieve rapid accident avoidance. A brief introduction to these patents will follow.

[0003] In the utility model patent CN201320446252.8, titled "A Fully Protective Compressed Air Self-Rescue Device," in addition to the function of providing fresh air to refugees after gas or coal dust explosions, a typical fully protective compressed air self-rescue device can also introduce compressed air from underground into a foldable, inflatable airbag. This airbag is made of flame-retardant, sealing, and heat-insulating materials, and has a personnel entrance / exit with a watertight zipper. It also includes an exhaust check valve, where the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet is much smaller than the pressure at which the airbag breaks down. Furthermore, it contains food and water sufficient for the refugees to survive for several days. In the event of a water inrush accident, personnel can take refuge inside the airbag, where the pressure of compressed air inside the airbag can balance the external water pressure. In the event of a fire, the airbag acts as a heat insulator. In the event of a gas explosion or coal dust explosion where the air is filled with toxic gases, personnel can enter the airbag filled with fresh air to take refuge. When personnel are trapped in a roof collapse at the working face, they can open the fully protective compressed air self-rescue device to retrieve food, water, and other necessities and wait for rescue. Therefore, the fully protective compressed air self-rescue device can provide full protection against the "five major disasters" in coal mines (water inrush, fire, gas explosion, coal dust explosion, and roof collapse).

[0004] CN202310641064.9 "A fully protective compressed air self-rescue device with an added outer shell" solves the problems of the aforementioned fully protective compressed air self-rescue devices, such as the lack of outer shell protection and the complicated opening process; it also realizes three opening methods for the fully protective compressed air self-rescue device—manual, automatic, and remote control—through the use of mechanical and electronic locks; it adds an air column that can quickly open the main body of the fully protective compressed air self-rescue device and provides three ways to supply air to the air column, ensuring both safety and rapid opening.

[0005] CN202211074748.7 "An artificial intelligence self-rescue device" can automatically send a distress message to an underground communication base station when the self-rescue device is activated; it can also determine the oxygen supply parameters of the self-rescue device through an intelligent module that judges the human body's movement status, making it possible for people to run while wearing the self-rescue device (existing self-rescue devices default to walking).

[0006] CN 212347480 U “A quick-opening self-rescue device” connects a gas cylinder opening device to the cylinder head valve of the gas cylinder and to the cap of the outer casing. When the cap is opened, the cylinder head valve is also opened, which effectively shortens the user's self-rescue reaction time.

[0007] However, due to the lack of organic connection between these patents and their inherent limitations, their effects are twofold: firstly, they cannot provide rapid evacuation, and the evacuation effect is significantly reduced; secondly, their functions are limited, applicable only to the relatively small field of underground mining. Specifically, the aforementioned patents have the following drawbacks (to avoid confusion between "self-rescue device" and "fully protected compressed air self-rescue device," the term "fully protected compressed air self-rescue device" will be used instead of "fully protected compressed air self-rescue device" below): ① The remote control for the fully protective compressed air self-rescue device is either separately configured or uses a miner's lamp. However, the separate configuration requires workers to carry additional equipment, causing inconvenience, while the miner's lamp, with its circuit constantly operating, is prone to false triggering. Moreover, in an emergency, workers may not think to use the miner's lamp alarm; ② The quick-opening device uses an air column, but the opening speed of the air column is limited; ③ The water tap only serves to supply drinking water, but if personnel inside the airbag need water to cool down during a fire, the water tap's spraying effect is poor; ④ In the event of an accident, the water supply pipeline may be damaged, or the water demand for rescue may surge, inevitably affecting the water supply for personnel hiding inside the airbag; ⑤ The compressed air used by the fully protective compressed air self-rescue device comes from the underground compressed air pipeline, but the underground compressed air pipeline normally serves the working face. If the air supply to the working face cannot be shut off in time after an accident, the compressed air supplied to the fully protective compressed air self-rescue device will be very insufficient to meet the survival needs of personnel; ⑥ The method of opening the gas cylinder using a spring-loaded fork-key-flywheel has the risk of the gas cylinder key getting caught too tightly. The problems include: ⑦ The increased size and weight of AI-powered self-rescue devices due to the addition of circuit components, which may affect work efficiency when worn by workers; Traditional self-rescue devices lack intelligent air supply mechanisms, and frequent pressing of the air supply lever while running may deplete oxygen before the worker escapes to the ground; ⑧ The following contradictions may arise during the factory assembly of fully protective compressed air self-rescue devices: If the pin is pushed out in advance, the movable cover cannot be closed; however, if the movable cover is closed before the pin is pushed out, the end of the pull ring cannot be connected and fixed to the lever after tightening, and the pin will retract after being pushed out, making it impossible to close the cover at all; ⑨ The airtight zipper has limited strength to withstand lateral tension, and if it is torn, it will be extremely dangerous; ⑩ The thinness of the airbag and the high performance of heat insulation are contradictory. Emphasizing lightness and thinness inevitably leads to poor heat insulation performance. If the airbag material is very thick, it will be very bulky. (11) The invention was originally designed for the safety of miners in underground mines, but the application scope underground is relatively small. How to maximize the market of the invention is also a problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In view of the above problems, the present invention proposes a series of solutions.

[0009] To address the problem mentioned in point ① above, the solution of this invention is to use the self-rescue device as a remote control. After an accident, the first thing escapees will think of is the self-rescue device, which can be activated while running. Once activated, the self-rescue device immediately sends a signal to activate the fully protective compressed air self-rescue device. By the time the person reaches the device, the airbag has already deployed, allowing immediate entry without additional waiting time, achieving a 1+1>2 effect with extremely fast escape speed. Prototype testing has reduced the time from starting to run to reaching the safe area from at least 5-15 minutes (to reaching the fully protective compressed air self-rescue device or refuge chamber) to only 30 seconds (to reaching the airbag). There are four main reasons for this: (1) Reduced distance: By placing lightweight, manually movable, fully protective compressed air self-rescue devices near the work surface, the escape distance has been reduced from 500-1000m to 15-100m; (2) Time reduction: a) The AI ​​self-rescue device adopts a quick opening method, which only takes 10 seconds to open and can be opened while running; while the existing self-rescue device requires stopping to operate, and it takes 30 seconds for skilled people to open and 1 minute for unskilled people; b) The self-rescue device remotely activates the nearby fully protective compressed air self-rescue device the moment it is opened, so that people can immediately enter the refuge after arriving, without wasting operation time. This can also save 25 seconds. (3) Increased speed: People move the fastest when running (average walking speed is 5.5 km / h, average running speed is 10 km / h), and the artificial intelligence self-rescue device makes it possible to run when evacuating from disasters; (4) Comprehensive protection: The full-protection compressed air self-rescue device provides full protection against the "five major disasters" that mainly affect safe production in mines. People do not need to make judgments or choices. No matter what disaster occurs, they can take refuge after opening the device.

[0010] (5) In addition, when the self-rescue device is activated, it also sends accident information to nearby communication base stations, allowing the ground dispatch center and higher-level safety production authorities to promptly organize rescue teams and carry out rescue operations, greatly reducing rescue time. In particular, it prevents the mine from concealing accidents.

[0011] (6) Another advantage of this invention is that the fully protective compressed air self-rescue device can also be activated via a communication base station. The process is as follows: an accident occurs at the work site → the worker activates the self-rescue device → the self-rescue device sends accident information to a nearby communication base station → the ground control room learns the location and type of the accident → based on the accident information, the fully protective compressed air self-rescue device in the area that may be affected by the accident is selectively activated.

[0012] The combination of the fully protective compressed air self-rescue device and the self-rescue device can also solve many problems in building fire protection, which will be introduced in detail later.

[0013] To address the problem mentioned in point ② above, the solution of this invention is to use a spring-loaded support or a combination of a spring-loaded support and an air column. Spring-loaded supports are frequently used in portable single-person tents, employing high-strength, high-toughness fiberglass poles as the frame. Their characteristic is that they can spring open instantly. Applying them to a fully protective compressed air self-rescue device significantly shortens the airbag deployment time and accelerates the escape speed.

[0014] To address the problem mentioned in point ③ above, the solution of this invention is to add a sprinkler head. The sprinkler head is connected to the water supply line, and in the event of a fire, the sprinkler head is opened to spray water into the airbag, which can instantly cool the area.

[0015] To address the problems raised in points ④ above, the solution of this invention is to add a water storage tank. The water storage tank is generally placed above the airbag and can flow into the airbag by gravity. The inlet pipe of the water storage tank is connected to a float valve to ensure sufficient water storage and prevent overflow. The outlet pipe of the water tank is the water supply line for the fully protective compressed air self-rescue device, and the water supply line is connected to the airbag and the nozzle. If the water supply line is extended, it can also be used as a temporary fire hose in case of indoor fire.

[0016] To address the problems mentioned in point ⑤ above, the solution of this invention is to add a tee and a shut-off valve. The tee diverts the compressed air from the downhole compressed air pipeline to the fully protective compressed air self-rescue device and the working face, and the shut-off valve is installed on the tee side leading to the working face.

[0017] The shut-off valve must be both manual and automatic, capable of being remotely closed, and manually closed if the remote control fails. Alternatively, a three-way valve with both manual and automatic operation can be used instead of the shut-off valve and three-way combination. The term "manual and automatic" is not a formal name, but rather a general term encompassing both "manual-electric integration" and "manual-pneumatic integration," adding automatic control to manual operation. Automatic control actually includes two methods: one using electrical signals for control, and the other using compressed air for control.

[0018] In response to the problems mentioned in points 6 above, the solution of the present invention is to remove the "spring-fork-key-flywheel" mechanism and replace it with an external force to directly drive the valve core of the gas cylinder head valve to rotate. The device that applies the external force is either a pneumatic motor or a piston.

[0019] Regarding the problems raised in point ⑦ above, the present invention offers two solutions: First, appropriately reducing the weight of the oxygen and carbon dioxide absorbent in the AI-type self-rescue device, but at the cost of a shorter protection time; second, using a lighter chemical oxygen self-rescue device instead of a compressed oxygen self-rescue device, but the disadvantage of chemical oxygen self-rescue devices is that the oxygen coming out of the purification tank is extremely hot, making it difficult for the wearer to endure. Therefore, the preferred solution is to wear a lighter compressed oxygen or chemical oxygen self-rescue device during work, and then, as a compensatory measure, place another backup self-rescue device inside the fully protective compressed air self-rescue device, making it a self-rescue device relay station. If the refugee does not need to stay inside the fully protective compressed air self-rescue device, they can carry the backup self-rescue device out of the well. This solution balances the lightweight design of the self-rescue device with ensuring protection time, and also increases the redundancy of the self-rescue device's protection time.

[0020] To address the problems raised in point ⑧ above, the solution of this invention is to replace the pull ring with a long rack, and to mill a rectangular through hole in the middle of the rod. A pawl is then fitted onto the corresponding position of the rectangular through hole. After the movable cover is closed, the long rack passes through the reserved hole on the main housing. When the rack is tightened, it cannot spring back under the action of the pawl, thus the turntable can be fixed.

[0021] In response to the problems mentioned in point 9 above, the solution of the present invention is to add one or more reinforcing ribs at the zipper, or to add another layer of zipper.

[0022] In response to the problems raised in point 10 above, the solution of the present invention is to use a quick-forming heat insulation material to quickly form a heat insulation barrier on the surface of the airbag, which can ensure the isolation of external heat during a fire. The quick-forming heat insulation material may be a quick-setting heat insulation coating, a modular heat insulation wall, or a heat insulation fabric that can be quickly applied to the surface of the airbag.

[0023] In response to the problems raised in point 11 above, the solution of the present invention is to extend the application scenarios of the fully protective compressed air self-rescue device to building fire evacuation.

[0024] The following section will discuss this in detail at a considerable length: In recent years, high-rise fires have occurred frequently, creating an urgent need for practical high-rise fire escape equipment. Many people have made beneficial attempts in this regard, which can be roughly divided into four types: flying devices, descent devices, self-rescue devices, safety passage devices, and fully protective compressed air self-rescue devices. Each type has its own advantages and disadvantages. Flight and descent escape routes allow for rapid evacuation, but require evacuees to have good physical strength, dexterity, operational skills, and no fear of heights. These requirements are too difficult for the elderly and children who have never been trained and are even less dexterous.

[0025] Self-rescue devices can protect a person's respiratory system during a fire, but they cannot protect the body; a person cannot survive near intense flames.

[0026] Through the process of elimination described above, the fully protective compressed air self-rescue device becomes the most easily implemented and operational type. The basic structure of the building-wide fully protective compressed air self-rescue device is identical to that of the standard fully protective compressed air self-rescue device, and their application scenarios are also the same. For example, the former protects against "water, fire, gas, coal dust explosions, and roof collapses," while the latter protects against fires and earthquakes (corresponding to roof collapses in the former). Therefore, the structure of the former can be completely replicated in the building-wide fully protective compressed air self-rescue device. If compressed biscuits are placed inside the fully protective compressed air self-rescue device, then the drinking water and food needed by people trapped in buildings after an earthquake will be provided.

[0027] For ease of explanation, the combination of the fully protective compressed air self-rescue device and the self-rescuer will be referred to as the fully protective compressed air self-rescue device when applied in mines, and as the home refuge cabin when applied in buildings.

[0028] The main difference between a fully protective compressed air self-rescue device and a home refuge cabin lies in the air supply method during refuge. The fully protective compressed air self-rescue device has a dedicated ground air compressor for air supply, while a home refuge cabin requires two air supply systems: one for fire refuge and the other for a hyperbaric oxygen chamber.

[0029] Fire Escape System: During a fire, the outside air contains a large amount of toxic gases, and the combustion consumes oxygen, leading to oxygen deficiency. Therefore, outside air cannot be used; a built-in oxygen source must be used, and the carbon dioxide exhaled by people needs to be filtered out. There are three solutions: a. Centralized oxygen supply + centralized carbon dioxide filter: Oxygen cylinders release oxygen directly into the airbag, and people inhale oxygen from the air inside the airbag, while exhaled carbon dioxide is filtered out by a centralized carbon dioxide filter; b. Distributed oxygen supply + centralized carbon dioxide filter: Oxygen cylinders are connected to several hoses, each hose connected to a breathing mask. Each person wears a mask, and exhaled carbon dioxide is released into the air inside the airbag, where carbon dioxide is filtered out by a centralized carbon dioxide filter; c. Distributed oxygen supply + distributed carbon dioxide filter: This method essentially equips each person with an isolation self-rescue device. Isolation self-rescue devices have a significant advantage: if the smoke in the stairwell is not dense, one can wear the self-rescue device to escape outdoors; otherwise, one can wear the self-rescue device and take refuge inside the airbag of a fully protective compressed air self-rescue device to await rescue.

[0030] The so-called isolation self-rescue device is in contrast to the filtering type. Isolation devices have their own oxygen and do not require external oxygen supply. There are mainly two types: chemical oxygen self-rescue devices and compressed oxygen self-rescue devices. Filtering devices, on the other hand, need to filter out harmless air from toxic and harmful gases in the outside world.

[0031] Currently, the most commonly used fire safety device in buildings is the "filter-type fire self-rescue breathing apparatus (referred to as filter-type self-rescue device)," which only provides protection for 30 minutes and is not suitable for use in oxygen-deficient environments. It is only applicable for escaping along a fixed route in the early stages of a fire. If trapped in a fire, the oxygen in the surrounding air is largely consumed, and the trapped person cannot use the filter-type self-rescue device. If forced to use it, it will only be effective for the first ten minutes or so of being trapped. While this invention does not reject the use of filter-type self-rescue devices, it does not recommend it.

[0032] The specific technical solution of this invention is as follows: To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: Based on the dual-use method of mine construction and mining of the full-protection compressed air self-rescue device and self-rescuer, it is applied to the fire protection of underground mines and buildings. The full-protection compressed air self-rescue device includes a remote controller, a communication module, a microcontroller, an electronic lock (16), and a door (3). The remote controller is wirelessly connected to the communication module, the communication module and the electronic lock are electrically connected to the microcontroller, and the electronic lock is mechanically connected to the door and controls its opening. In particular, the remote controller is a self-rescuer (1). In the mine, the self-rescuer (1) is carried by the worker. In the building, the self-rescuer (1) is placed in or near the full-protection compressed air self-rescue device. When an accident occurs, the person first opens the self-rescuer (1) to escape. At the same time as the self-rescuer (1) is opened, the self-rescuer (1) immediately sends a control signal to open the full-protection compressed air self-rescue device. After the communication module (63) of the fully protective compressed air self-rescue device receives the signal, the microcontroller (61) activates the electronic lock (16) to open the door (3). At the same time as the door (3) is opened, the compressed air valve (28) is opened, the airbag (50) rolls out and is pushed open by the air column (30), and the personnel enter the airbag (50) for refuge. Furthermore, the fully protective compressed air self-rescue device is equipped with an automatic water spray device on its exterior.

[0033] Furthermore, the automatic water spraying device is a humanoid robot.

[0034] Furthermore, it also includes a water supply pipeline, which allows people to cool down by using water in the pipeline when they take refuge inside the fully protective compressed air self-rescue device during a fire. The fully protective compressed air self-rescue device is divided into two types: hardware and software. The hardware fully protective compressed air self-rescue device is a closed container with an airtight door, or it can utilize the wall of a building or other non-combustible, high-strength components as part of it.

[0035] Furthermore, the fully protective compressed air self-rescue device also includes a compressed air pipeline (21), a compressed air valve (28), a main shell (2), an airbag (50), and an air column (30); The air column (30) is connected to an air column pressure relief valve (32), the airbag (50) is connected to an airtight zipper (40) and an airbag pressure relief valve (33), and the compressed air pipeline (21) is connected to the air column (30) through a valve (28); The door (3) is unlocked by the linkage between the electronic lock (16) and the mechanical lock (86). The electronic lock and the mechanical lock are connected by a linkage mechanism, and any action can unlock the door. After the door (3) is opened, the airbag (50) rolls out of the main shell (2) by gravity. The valve (28) is opened under the control of the microcontroller (61). Compressed air enters the air column (30) through the compressed air pipe (21) and the valve (28). The airbag (50) is opened by the air column (30), and personnel enter for refuge. The compressed air then enters the airbag (50) through the air column pressure relief valve (32). The airbag pressure relief valve (33) maintains a constant positive pressure inside the airbag relative to the outside. When personnel are sheltering in an airbag (50) underground, the oxygen they breathe comes from the ground compressed air pipeline (19); when personnel are sheltering in a building, they always wear a self-rescue device (1) as their oxygen source.

[0036] Furthermore, it also includes at least one of the following technical features: (1) The valve core of the compressed air valve is connected to the sector rope pulley. The compressed air valve is opened when the sector rope pulley rotates. (2) A gas cylinder is provided for rapidly filling the air column, which is opened by compressed air; (3) It is equipped with a rack and pawl to prevent the rope from slackening; (4) The ground compressed air main pipe is connected to a tee and a shut-off valve. When the self-rescue device sends a control signal, the shut-off valve cuts off the production air supply, ensuring the compressed air pressure and flow rate to the fully protective compressed air self-rescue device. (5) A backup self-rescue device is provided, making it a self-rescue device relay station. When escapees do not need to enter the airbag for refuge and choose to escape directly, they can carry both the backup self-rescue device and the one they are already wearing to escape, thereby increasing the safety factor. The backup self-rescue device can be a traditional self-rescue device or a sound and light self-rescue device. The so-called sound and light self-rescue device is a self-rescue device with an added strong light and / or distress call device, which is conducive to better identification of direction in dense smoke and dust environments and to being found by rescue teams.

[0037] Furthermore, the robot also functions as an inspection humanoid robot: underground, it inspects the concentration of toxic and harmful gases, the reliability of support, and the deformation of the tunnel; inside buildings, it detects the concentration of dangerous gases and waters vegetables or flowers located in the fully protective compressed air self-rescue device.

[0038] Furthermore, inside the building, the aforementioned fully protective compressed air self-rescue device is also equipped with an oxygen generator or oxygen cylinder, which normally serves as a micro-hyperbaric oxygen chamber.

[0039] Furthermore, it also includes at least one of the following (1) to (3): (1) A sprinkler head is provided, and the water supply pipeline is directly or indirectly connected to the sprinkler head; the indirect connection means that a water storage tank is also connected between the water supply pipeline and the sprinkler head; when the temperature inside the airbag is too high during a fire, people can use the sprinkler head to spray water onto their bodies to achieve rapid cooling. (2) The airtight zipper is equipped with a reinforcing rib or another zipper at its opening to withstand the lateral tension inside the airbag; the reinforcing rib is provided in one or more ways, each rib is divided into two ribs, left and right, which are sewn or glued to the airbags on the left and right sides of the zipper respectively, and the left and right ribs are connected by at least one of the following methods: hook, Velcro, knot; the other zipper is arranged in a double layer with the original zipper. (3) The main shell is equipped with rapid-forming heat insulation material. During evacuation, a heat insulation barrier is quickly formed on the surface of the airbag to ensure that external heat is isolated during a fire. The rapid-forming heat insulation material may be a quick-setting heat insulation coating, a modular heat insulation wall, or a heat insulation fabric that can be quickly applied to the surface of the airbag.

[0040] The compressed air pipeline (19) is connected to a tee (20) and a shut-off valve (39). When the self-rescue device (1) sends a control signal, the shut-off valve (39) cuts off the production air, ensuring the compressed air pressure and flow rate that flow through the tee (20) to the fully protective compressed air self-rescue device.

[0041] Furthermore, the robots employ distributed training and data integration, with consumers acting as trainers. The data trained by each consumer is aggregated and shared with all robots, meaning that each robot is both a data beneficiary and a data contributor.

[0042] The beneficial effects of this invention compared to the prior art are as follows: ① Linked Trigger for Rapid Escape: The self-rescue device acts as a remote control; activating it automatically triggers the fully protective compressed air self-rescue device to open doors, inflate, and deploy airbags, achieving a seamless transition from "activating the self-rescue device to entering the evacuation area." It also automatically reports the disaster situation, significantly improving escape speed. ② Humanoid Robot Integrating Firefighting and Inspection: The robot can not only automatically spray water to extinguish fires but also inspect for harmful gases and support deformation underground, and detect hazardous gases and maintain greenery inside buildings. Its multi-functionality enhances its intelligence. ③ Distributed Robot Training and Data Sharing: Consumers act as trainers for the robots. Data from each user's training is aggregated and shared with all robots. Each robot is both a data beneficiary and a contributor, enabling continuous evolution of the group. Overcoming the limitations of traditional single-scenario training, significantly improving environmental adaptability and decision-making ability; ④ Positive pressure protection with reliable oxygen supply: the air column expands the airbag and maintains constant positive pressure to prevent toxic smoke from seeping in; oxygen is supplied underground by compressed air pipelines, and oxygen is supplied in buildings by self-rescue devices, with hardware and software adapting to different scenarios; ⑤ Spray cooling and airbag reinforcement: water supply pipelines and nozzles achieve active cooling at high temperatures; zipper is equipped with reinforcing ribs or double-layer zippers, and is equipped with rapid-molding heat insulation materials to improve pressure resistance and heat insulation capabilities; ⑥ Backup self-rescue device and home multi-purpose cabin: the device can serve as a self-rescue device relay station, providing backup sound and light self-rescue devices (high-intensity lights / call devices) for easy escape and location in dense smoke; it can be used as a micro hyperbaric oxygen chamber or entertainment facility in buildings, increasing its daily use value.

[0043] In summary, this invention significantly improves the escape speed, safety, and intelligence level of mine and building fire protection through innovations such as linkage triggering, intelligent robots and their distributed evolution, positive pressure protection, sprinkler cooling, backup self-rescue, and multi-purpose cabins. Attached Figure Description

[0044] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of Example 1, showing a worker opening a self-rescue device while running and remotely activating the fully protective compressed air self-rescue device.

[0045] Figure 2 This is a front perspective view of Example 1.

[0046] Figure 3 This is a perspective view of the rear cross-section of Example 1.

[0047] Figure 4 This is a perspective view of the movable cover in Embodiment 1.

[0048] Figure 5 This is the second perspective view of the movable cover in Example 1.

[0049] Figure 6 Yes, yes Figure 5 Exploded view.

[0050] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of personnel taking shelter from a fire using an airbag, as shown in Example 1.

[0051] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the zipper and reinforcing rib in Example 1.

[0052] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the gas cylinder being opened using a piston in Example 1.

[0053] Figure 10 This is the control circuit schematic diagram of Example 1.

[0054] Figure 11 This is the front view of the double doors in Example 2 when they are closed.

[0055] Figure 12 This is the front view of the double doors after they are opened in Example 2.

[0056] Figure 13 This is a perspective view of Example 2 as a micro hyperbaric oxygen chamber or recreational facility.

[0057] Figure 14 This is a three-dimensional view of fire evacuation in Example 2.

[0058] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the storage space at the top of the cabinet in Example 2.

[0059] Figure 16 This is an external view of the self-rescue device in Embodiment 2.

[0060] Figure 17 This is the circuit diagram of the self-rescue device in Example 2.

[0061] Figure 18 This is the circuit schematic diagram of Example 2.

[0062] Figure 19 This is a perspective view of Example 3.

[0063] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the robot's learning process through a consumer demonstration in Example 5.

[0064] Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of Example 5, showing people taking refuge in a home-based refuge cabin while a robot extinguishes the fire from the outside.

[0065] Figure 22 This is the circuit schematic diagram of Example 5.

[0066] exist Figure 1 In the diagram, 1 represents a self-rescue device, 50 represents an airbag, and 68 represents a communication base station.

[0067] exist Figure 2 , Figure 3In the diagram, 2 is the main outer casing, 3 is the door, 4 is the hinge, 5 is the turntable, 6 is the pin, 7 is the lock lug, 8 is the pin hole, 18 is the water supply pipe, 19 is the main compressed air pipe, 20 is the tee, 21 is the compressed air branch pipe, 22 is the self-rescue device, 38 is the physical button, 39 is the shut-off valve (hand and electric integrated), 46 is the handwheel, 62 is the touch screen, 85 is the anchor handle, and 101 is the spare self-rescue device.

[0068] exist Figures 4-6 In the diagram, 6 is the pin, 7 is the locking lug, and 9 is the square shaft. Figure 8 ), 10 is a fan-shaped rope pulley, 11 is a spring, 12 is a long arm, 13 is a flexible rack, 14 is a lever, 15 is a pawl, 16 is a motor shaft, 17 is a coupling, 21 is a compressed air branch pipe, 23 is a pneumatic motor, 24 is a small roller, 25 is a rope, 26 is a gas cylinder, 27 is a cylinder head valve roller, 28 is a valve, 29 is a one-way valve, 35 is a limit switch, 81 is a rectangular through hole, and 85 is an anchor handle.

[0069] exist Figure 7 In the diagram, 50 is the airbag, 30 is the air column, 31 is the pop-out bracket, 32 is the air column pressure relief valve, 33 is the airbag pressure relief valve, 32 is the air column pressure relief valve, and 34 is the nozzle.

[0070] exist Figure 8 In the middle, 50 is the airbag, 40 is the zipper, and 41 is the reinforcing rib.

[0071] exist Figure 9 In the diagram, 25 is the rope, 26 is the gas cylinder, 27 is the cylinder head valve roller, 42 is the cylinder inlet, 43 is the piston, 44 is the cylinder outlet, and 45 is the cylinder body.

[0072] exist Figure 10 In the diagram, 1 is a self-rescue device, 35 is a limit switch, 36 is a motor, 38 is a physical button, 39 is a shut-off valve, 48 is a relay, 60 is a positioning module, 61 is a microcontroller, 62 is a touch screen, 63 is a communication module, 64 is a water level sensor, 65 is a temperature sensor, 66 is a toxic and harmful gas sensor, 67 is an intelligent voice human-machine interaction module, 68 is an underground communication base station, and 69 is a battery.

[0073] exist Figure 11 In the middle, 2 is the main outer shell, 3 is the door, 204 is the compressed biscuit, 205 is the water tank, 225 is the water inlet pipe, 62 is the touch screen, and 85 is the anchor handle.

[0074] exist Figure 12In the diagram, 1 is a self-rescue device, 18 is a water supply pipe, 19 is a compressed air main pipe, 28 is a valve (manual / flash unit), 47 is a carbon dioxide valve, 48 is a carbon dioxide pipe, 49 is a carbon dioxide pressure reducing valve, 50 is an airbag, 335 is a carbon dioxide cylinder, 62 is a touchscreen, 85 is an anchor handle, 204 is a compressed biscuit, 205 is a water tank, 211 is an air conditioner, 212 is a filter, 213 is an oxygen generator, 214 is an air compressor, 215 is a gas storage tank, 218 is a descent device, 219 is a hydrogen generator, 225 is a water inlet pipe, 230 is a comprehensive piping system, 231 is an air conditioning supply duct, and 233 is an oxygen pipe. exist Figure 13 , Figure 14 In the diagram, 2 is the main outer shell, 3 is the door, 1 is the self-rescue device, 4 is the spring hinge, 6 is the pin, 8 is the pin hole, 16 is the door lock motor, 18 is the water supply pipe, 19 is the main compressed air pipe, 21 is the branch compressed air pipe, 28 is the valve (manual and electric integrated), 30 is the air column, 32 is the air column pressure relief valve, 33 is the airbag pressure relief valve, 34 is the nozzle, 35 is the limit switch, 40 is the zipper, 46 is the handle, 47 is the carbon dioxide valve, 48 is the carbon dioxide pipe, 49 is the carbon dioxide pressure reducing valve, 50 is the airbag, 85 is the anchor handle, 204 is the compressed biscuit, 205 is the water tank, 213 is the oxygen generator, 214 is the air compressor, 215 is the air storage tank, 220 is the hydrogen pipe, 230 is the integrated piping, 233 is the oxygen pipe, and 245 is the transmission rope. 252 is a lamp, 254 is a lighting lamp, 265 is a button, 313 is an electric three-way valve, 323 is a tablet computer, and 335 is a carbon dioxide cylinder.

[0075] exist Figure 15 In the middle, 2 is the main outer shell, 3 is the door, 1 is the self-rescue device, 204 is the compressed biscuit, 217 is the float valve, 218 is the slow descent device, and 226 is the self-spraying can for quick-setting heat insulation coating.

[0076] exist Figure 16 In the middle, 208 is the outer shell, 206 is the high-intensity light, 207 is the speaker, and 209 is the cover.

[0077] exist Figure 17 In the diagram, 261 is a magnet, 262 is a magnetic switch, 258 is an MCU, 263 is a signal transmission module, 206 is a high-intensity lamp, and 207 is a speaker.

[0078] exist Figure 18In the diagram, 1 is a self-rescue device, 211 is an air conditioner, 213 is an oxygen generator, 219 is a hydrogen generator, 62 is a touchscreen, 28 is a valve, 16 is a door lock motor, 61 is a microcontroller, 35 is a limit switch, 303 is an oxygen sensor, 304 is a carbon monoxide sensor, 305 is a carbon dioxide sensor robot, 307 is a smoke sensor, 308 is an internal temperature sensor, 309 is an external temperature sensor, 33 is an airbag pressure relief valve, 312 is a pressure sensor, 313 is an electric three-way valve, 314 is a human vital signs measuring instrument, 63 is a communication module, 316 is an intelligent voice human-computer interaction module, 317 is a communication base station, 318 is a hydrogen sensor, 319 is an air compressor motor, 322 is a projector, 323 is a tablet computer, and 336 is a camera.

[0079] exist Figure 19 In the middle, 2 is the main outer shell, 3 is the door, 19 is the main compressed air pipe, 21 is the compressed air branch pipe, 28 is the valve, 46 is the knob, 50 is the airbag, 230 is the integrated pipeline, 265 is the button, and 226 is the self-spraying can of quick-setting heat insulation coating.

[0080] exist Figure 20 In the diagram, 666 represents a robot, 358 represents a planting rack, and 669 represents an optical motion capture suit (black with white reflective sheets) worn by consumers.

[0081] exist Figure 21 In the diagram, 666 represents a robot, 668 represents a home-based refugee pod, 670 represents a self-rescue device worn by refugees, and 671 represents a lightweight water hose.

[0082] exist Figure 22 In this configuration, 369 is the core processing unit of the miniature vegetable greenhouse; 308 is a temperature sensor; 309 is a humidity sensor; 412 is a light sensor; 311 is an EC sensor; 312 is a heater; 221 is a circulating water pump; 314 is an exhaust fan; 236 is a booster pump; 318 is a display; 526 is a carbon dioxide sensor; 525 is a carbon dioxide solenoid valve; 421 is a communication module; 501 is the core processing unit of the robot end; 502 is a visible light camera; and 503 is an infrared thermal imager. 504 is a depth camera, 506 is a quadruped actuator, 680 is a foot pressure sensor array, 508 is a lidar, 523 is a temperature sensor, 520 is a smoke sensor, 339 is a multispectral camera, 360 is a wireless communication module, 505 is a battery, 626 is a 4D millimeter-wave radar, 627 is a UWB navigation beacon, 533 is a temperature sensor, 530 is a smoke sensor, 521 is a gas leak sensor, 648 is a dexterous hand pressure sensor array, and 649 is a palm heating element. Detailed Implementation

[0083] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. In the description of the present invention, the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. It should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrated connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can also be a connection within two components. For those skilled in the art, these terms can be easily understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0084] Example 1 This example demonstrates an underground escape.

[0085] like Figure 1 As shown, after the accident occurs, the person runs while simultaneously activating the self-rescue device 1 with one hand. The self-rescue device 1 immediately sends a control signal to activate the fully protective compressed air self-rescue device; at the same time, it also sends accident information to the communication base station 68. Before the person reaches the fully protective compressed air self-rescue device, the airbag 50 of the device has already been deployed, allowing the person to enter directly without waiting. Entering the airbag means that the person has escaped danger.

[0086] like Figure 2 , 3 As shown, compressed air from the ground-based compressed air compressor room enters the inlet 20a of the tee 20 and then flows into the two outlets 20b and 20c. The air from 20b enters the compressed air branch pipe 21 and then the fully protective compressed air self-rescue device. The air from 20c enters the hand-operated and electric shut-off valve 39 and then enters the working face. If personnel do not need to take refuge inside the fully protective compressed air self-rescue device, they can carry the spare self-rescue device 101 out of the well.

[0087] The water in the water supply pipeline 18 is also introduced into the fully protective compressed air self-rescue device.

[0088] The airbag 50 and the self-rescue device 1 are placed in the space consisting of the main shell 2 and the movable cover 3. The main shell 2 and the movable cover 3 are connected and locked by a lock and hinge 4.

[0089] like Figure 4 , 5 As shown in Figures 6 and 7, the lock includes a turntable 5 ( Figure 6 Three pins 6 are hinged to the turntable 5. The ends of the pins 6 pass through the lock lugs 7 on the movable cover 3 and are inserted into the pin holes 8 on the main housing. Figure 2 This connects the main outer shell 2 to the movable cover 3. The turntable 5 is connected via a square shaft 9 ( Figure 6 The lever 14 is connected to and linked with the fan-shaped rope wheel 10. A rope is wound around the fan-shaped rope wheel 10, and the rope is connected to a spring 11, causing the fan-shaped rope wheel 10 to rotate around the square axis 9, serving as the opening torque of the lock. In addition, a constraint mechanism is provided to normally prevent the lock from opening: the fan-shaped rope wheel 10 has a long arm 12, on which a flexible rack 13 is fixed. During installation, the rack 13 passes through the pawl 15 of the lever 14 and the rectangular through hole 81, then exits through the pre-drilled hole in the main housing 2. The rack 13 is then tightened, and any excess rack 13 is cut off after tightening. The two ends of the lever 14 are fixed by a mechanical lock key and an electronic lock key, respectively. The mechanical lock key is the anchor-shaped handle and its extension rod 85. Figure 2 and Figure 6 (Partial enlarged view) The electronic lock key is the motor shaft 16. Under the combined action of the mechanical lock key 85 and the electronic lock key 16, the lever 14 is jammed. However, if the anchor handle 85 is pulled out or the motor is powered on, causing the motor shaft 16 to rotate counterclockwise, the lever 14 immediately loses its balance, similar to an "OR gate" in electronic circuitry. Figure 6 (A magnified view of a portion of the image).

[0090] The action of pulling out the "anchor handle" is performed when the escapee discovers a malfunction in the electrical control system; while the action of "powering on the motor" is performed by the microcontroller 61 controlling the relay 48 to connect the circuit of the motor 36, or by manually forcibly connecting the circuit. The microcontroller 61 receives information from five sources: A. Remote Control: Remote control is divided into self-rescue device remote control and underground communication base station remote control. The self-rescue device remote control process is as follows: the moment the escapee activates self-rescue device 1, self-rescue device 1 immediately sends a message through communication module 63 to activate the fully protective compressed air self-rescue device. Microcontroller 61 receives this message, controls relay 48 to engage, and the circuit from battery 69 to motor 36 is connected, causing motor 36 to rotate. The underground communication base station remote control process is as follows: when the ground dispatch room learns of an underground accident, it uses positioning module 60 to determine the location of the accident and uses underground communication base station 68 to remotely activate the fully protective compressed air self-rescue device at the nearby mining face. Figure 10 ).

[0091] B. Physical button: The person escaping presses the physical button 38 on the movable cover 3. Figure 2 ), motor 36 is powered on.

[0092] C. Virtual Buttons: Users press virtual buttons on touchscreen 62 ( Figure 2The touchscreen 62 sends signals to the microcontroller 61, which then controls the motor 36 to operate via the relay 48. The touchscreen 62 is essentially a human-machine interface that can display the air pressure of the main compressed air pipe, the water pressure of the underground water supply pipe, the voltage of the electrical system, the communication system, and whether the operating parameters of various sensors are normal, etc.

[0093] D. Voice control: (Parts D and E below are all in...) Figure 10 (In the circuit diagram) Personnel send commands to the microcontroller 61 via voice through the intelligent voice human-computer interaction module 67, and the microcontroller 61 controls the motor 36 to run through the relay 48.

[0094] E. Sensors: Water level sensor 64, temperature sensor 65, and toxic / hazardous gas sensor 66 constantly detect various parameters of the surrounding environment. Microcontroller 61, by receiving information from water level sensor 64, can detect whether water seepage has occurred at the working face; by receiving information from temperature sensor 65, it can detect whether a fire has occurred at the working face; and by receiving information from toxic / hazardous gas sensor 66, it can detect whether a gas or coal dust explosion has occurred at the working face. If abnormal information is received, it automatically controls motor 36 to operate via relay 48. Figure 4 , 5 6. After lever 14 loses its balance, the sector pulley 10 rotates 100° counterclockwise under the tension of spring 11, resulting in three outcomes: A. It drives turntable 5 to rotate; B. It drives the valve core of valve 28 to rotate, opening valve 28; C. The limit switch 35 is triggered. The reason for the first two outcomes is that the center hole of sector pulley 10 is a square hole, and square shaft 9 passes through its center hole. The top end of square shaft 9 is connected to the valve core of valve 28 through coupling 17, and the bottom end is connected to turntable 5. Therefore, turntable 5 and valve core of valve 28 are simultaneously driven to rotate by sector pulley, opening valve 28. The reason for the third outcome is that the long arm 12 of sector pulley 10 touches limit switch 35, causing microcontroller 61 to trigger an interrupt program.

[0095] After the turntable 5 rotates, it causes the three pins 6 to be pulled out of the pin holes 8. The movable cover 3 loses its restraint and rotates 180° around the axis of the hinge 4, opening the movable cover 3 and causing the airbag 50 to roll out of the main housing 2. At the same time, the microcontroller 61 controls the three-way valve 20 to operate according to the interrupt program, directing the compressed air towards the pneumatic motor 23. Simultaneously, the compressed air entering the working face is cut off to ensure stable compressed air pressure. If the electrical control system malfunctions, personnel can manually reverse it by rotating the handwheel 46 on the shut-off valve 39. After valve 28 is opened, the compressed air in the main compressed air pipe 19 enters the pneumatic motor 23 through the tee 20 and then through the compressed air branch pipe 21. The compressed air drives the pneumatic motor 23 to rotate. Since the small roller 24 on the pneumatic motor 23 is wrapped with a rope 25, and the other end of the rope 25 is wrapped around the cylinder head valve roller 27 of the gas cylinder 26, when the pneumatic motor 23 rotates, the power is transmitted to the cylinder head valve roller 27 through the rope 25. The cylinder head valve roller 27 drives the valve core of the cylinder head valve to rotate, so the cylinder head valve opens and high-pressure gas is instantly ejected from the gas cylinder 26. Due to the action of the one-way valve 29, the high-pressure gas cannot flow back and can only enter the air column 30. The air column 30 is connected to the spring-loaded bracket 31 to form an opening device. After the air column 30 is filled with air, it and the spring-loaded bracket 31 together open the air bag 50.

[0096] The aforementioned valve 28, rotary table 5, and square shaft 9 are all fixed to the movable cover 3 by support components and bearings. However, to avoid obstructing the view, not all details of the support components and bearings are shown in the figure, and some parts are even hidden. But for those skilled in this field, these fixing structures are easy to implement, and the specific details are easy to imagine, so it does not affect the technical integrity of this solution.

[0097] The turntable 5 and the fan-shaped rope wheel 10 are two separate components. The spring 11 indirectly drives the turntable 5. If the turntable 5 and the fan-shaped rope wheel 10 are combined into one, the spring 11 will directly drive the turntable 5. Similarly, the function of the long arm 12 of the fan-shaped rope wheel 10 is also integrated into the turntable 5. Its advantage is its simple structure.

[0098] After the compressed air in the gas cylinder 26 is completely released, the compressed air from the compressed air main pipe 19 on the ground can enter the air column 30 through the compressed air branch pipe 21, valve 28, one-way valve 29, and pneumatic motor 23.

[0099] like Figure 7 Personnel enter the airbag 50, zip up the zipper 40, and tie the reinforcing rib 41 ( Figure 8 This helps to distribute the tension borne by zipper 40, allowing for safe evacuation. In the event of a fire, personnel can also use sprinkler head 34 to spray water for cooling.

[0100] like Figure 9The pneumatic motor 23 mentioned above can also be replaced by a piston. The rope 25 is connected to the piston 43. Compressed air enters the cylinder 45 through the cylinder inlet 42, pushing the piston 43 to move to the left. The bottle head valve roller 27 rotates. When the piston 43 passes the cylinder outlet 44, the compressed air in the cylinder is depressurized from the cylinder outlet 44. The piston loses the pressure at 42 and stops moving. At this time, the bottle head valve has been opened.

[0101] like Figure 7 When the air column 30 is fully inflated and reaches a pressure of 0.02~0.05MPa, the air column pressure relief valve 32 opens, allowing compressed air to enter the airbag 50. When the pressure inside the airbag 50 reaches 0.01~0.02MPa, the airbag pressure relief valve 33 opens, releasing the exhausted air from the airbag 50 into the tunnel. In case of fire, personnel can also turn on the sprinkler head 34 to cool down with water.

[0102] Example 2 This embodiment is a home-use refuge cabin, whose main outer shell 2 is a cabinet structure. For example... Figure 11 , 12 The cabinet is divided into three sections: the upper section is open, while the middle and lower sections have double doors (3, consisting of a left door and a right door). The upper section is a storage space containing a self-rescue device 1 and a descent device 218. Figure 15 The door 3 contains compressed biscuits 204, a water tank 205, and a touch screen 62. An airbag 50 is placed in the middle area, while an air conditioner 211, filter 212, oxygen generator 213, air compressor 214, and air tank 215 are placed in the lower area. The integrated piping system 230 integrates the air conditioning duct 231, water supply pipe 18, oxygen pipe 233, compressed air main pipe 19, hydrogen pipe 220, and cables (not shown in the diagram). The compressed air main pipe 19 connects directly from the air compressor 214 into the integrated piping system 230, while the compressed air branch pipe 21 connects from the air tank 215 through valve 28 into the integrated piping system 230, finally entering the air column 30. The right door of door 3 is overlapped by the left door, and the lock is located on the left door. When the lock on the left door is opened, the right door also opens without restraint. The hinges of door 3 are spring-loaded hinges 4 that are inclined to open. The lock includes an anchor handle 85, a turntable 5 with a rope groove, a pin 6, and a pin hole 8. Normally, the pin 6 is inserted into the pin hole 8, securing the left door. The lock has two types of keys: a mechanical key and an electronic key. The mechanical key is the anchor handle 85, while the electronic key is the door lock motor 16. The shaft of the door lock motor 16 is also connected to a pulley with a drive rope 245 wound around it. The other end of the drive rope 245 is wound into the rope groove of the turntable 5. If the anchor handle 85 is rotated or the door lock motor 16 is activated, the turntable 5 will rotate, causing the pin 6 to be pulled out of the pin hole 8. The left door opens under the action of the spring hinge 4, and the right door also opens. A limit switch 35 is installed inside the main housing 2. When the left door is opened, the limit switch 35 is triggered, sending a signal back to the microcontroller 61.

[0103] like Figure 16 , Figure 17 The self-rescue device 1 has a high-intensity light 206 and a high-power speaker 207 on its outer casing 208. A magnet 261 is connected to a cover 209 via a rope. Normally, the magnetic control switch 262 is attracted by the magnet and is in an open circuit state. In the event of a fire or earthquake, when people open the cover 209, the magnet 261 is removed, the magnetic control switch 262 is activated, the MCU and the entire circuit are powered on, and the system begins operation. The signal transmission module 263 sends signals to open the fully protective compressed air self-rescue device and to the communication base station 317 to send a fire signal. The high-intensity light 206 can assist people in escaping, and the speaker 207 can emit a distress signal.

[0104] The applications in four scenarios—hyperbaric oxygen chamber, recreation, fire, and earthquake—are described below.

[0105] 1. Micro-hyperbaric oxygen chamber There are three ways to open a hyperbaric oxygen chamber: ① Rotary anchor handle: The pin 6 is pulled out from the pin hole 8, the door 3 is opened under the action of the spring hinge 4, the limit switch 35 is activated, and the information is fed back to the microcontroller 61. The microcontroller 61 turns on the air compressor motor 319. ② Voice control: When personnel send a command to the intelligent voice human-machine interaction module 316 to open the micro hyperbaric oxygen chamber, the microcontroller 61 controls the door lock motor 16 to start rotating, the turntable 5 will rotate, driving the pin 6 to be pulled out from the pin hole 8, the left door opens under the action of the spring hinge 4, the right door also opens, and then the microcontroller 61 turns on the air compressor motor 319. ③ Touch screen operation: The operator operates the opening option of the micro hyperbaric oxygen chamber on the touch screen 62. The microcontroller 61 controls the door lock motor 16 to start and rotate, the door 3 opens, and the microcontroller 61 turns on the air compressor motor 319.

[0106] After the air compressor motor 319 is turned on, compressed air enters the integrated pipeline 230 directly through the compressed air main pipe 19 and then enters the air column 30. When the air column 30 is full of air and reaches an air pressure of 0.02~0.05MPa, the air column pressure relief valve 32 opens, and compressed air enters the airbag 2. At this time, the person can enter the airbag 2, zip up the zipper 40, open the air bed 251, lie on it for physiotherapy, and turn on the light fixture 252 for space lighting. When the air pressure inside the airbag 2 reaches 0.01~0.02MPa, the airbag pressure relief valve 33 opens, expelling the exhausted air from the person's breathing inside the airbag 2. At the same time, the oxygen generator 213 (and / or hydrogen generator 219) also starts, delivering gas to the airbag 2 through the oxygen pipe 233 (and / or hydrogen pipe 220).

[0107] like Figure 18After the physiotherapy begins, oxygen sensor 303, hydrogen sensor 318, carbon dioxide sensor 305, pressure sensor 312, and internal temperature sensor 308 continuously monitor the oxygen concentration, hydrogen concentration, carbon dioxide concentration, pressure, and temperature within the airbag 50. By controlling the oxygen generator 213, hydrogen generator 219, air compressor 214, air conditioner 320, and fan 221, they promptly adjust the concentration, uniformity, internal pressure, temperature, and pressurization rate of various gases within the airbag. Consumers can use tablet computer 323 to monitor and set various physiotherapy parameters in real time, such as oxygen concentration, physiotherapy time, micro-high pressure, and temperature. Simultaneously, the human vital signs measuring instrument 314 continuously monitors various physiological signs of the body, such as blood pressure, pulse, respiratory rate, body temperature, electrocardiogram, and blood oxygen saturation, uploading these data in real time to the microcontroller 61. The microcontroller 61 can then dynamically adjust the physiotherapy parameters based on this data. If any abnormalities are detected, rapid action can be taken. The tablet computer 323 can also function as an audio-visual device, allowing for entertainment while receiving physiotherapy. Personnel can even turn on the projector 322 (preferably a miniature dome projector) and use the airbag 50 as a miniature dome to create various natural-like environments within a small space: a sky full of stars, birdsong and fragrant flowers, a vast expanse of blue water, or a bright moon in the sky, achieving the effect of combining physical therapy with entertainment. To avoid discomfort at the end of the health care session, the rate of decompression should be strictly controlled. The microcontroller 61 uses the pressure sensor 312 to detect the pressure inside the airbag in real time and controls the airbag decompression valve 33 to perform a series of opening and closing actions to achieve the purpose of slow decompression.

[0108] 2. Entertainment The entertainment program is a simplified version of the hyperbaric oxygen chamber program. The opening, storage, and entertainment procedures are the same as those of the hyperbaric oxygen chamber, but there is no need to inflate the airbags with oxygen, nor are there complicated procedures for increasing and decreasing pressure and monitoring human vital signs.

[0109] 3. Fire safety In case of fire, the airbag 50 needs to be deployed quickly, so the system procedure will be significantly different. In case of fire, the self-rescue device 1 should be used to activate the system first. The words "Caution: In case of fire, the self-rescue device should be activated first!" should be prominently displayed on the main casing 2. People will frequently see this instruction unintentionally in daily life, so they will know to activate the self-rescue device immediately in case of fire.

[0110] When a fire breaks out in a building, people should first activate the self-rescue device 1 to escape. The self-rescue device 1 is equipped with a high-intensity light 206, which can help people identify directions in thick smoke.

[0111] like Figure 15The fire evacuation procedure is as follows: First, turn on the self-rescue device 1, put on the self-rescue device and escape to the stairwell. If the stairwell is also filled with smoke and high-temperature gas and escape is not possible, you should go back and check which window is not covered by flames and thick smoke. If there is one, use the descent device 218 to escape. If not, put on the self-rescue device 1 and enter the airbag 50 for shelter and wait for rescue.

[0112] After the cover 209 of the self-rescue device 1 is opened, it will automatically send a message to the communication module 63. Upon receiving the message, the microcontroller 61 will immediately activate the fire evacuation procedure. The procedure for activating the self-rescue device 1 is as follows: After receiving the activation message from the self-rescue device 1, the microcontroller 61 can determine that a fire has occurred based on the sending device of the message. First, it controls the door lock motor 16 to rotate, causing the turntable 5 to rotate and pull the pin 6 out of the pin hole 8, opening the door 3. The airbag 50 rolls out, the valve 28 opens, and the compressed air stored in the air tank 215 enters the air column 30 through the compressed air branch pipe 21 and the valve 28, quickly filling the air column 30. This allows the airbag 50 to open several times faster than usual. At the same time as the self-rescue device 1 opens, it also sends a distress message to the nearby mobile communication base station 317, which includes 119 fire alarm information. During evacuation, if the temperature is too high, evacuees can also turn on the sprinkler head 34 to cool down. The intelligent voice human-machine interaction module 316 will frequently play distress messages, making it easy for rescuers to find evacuees.

[0113] In the event of a fire, the system can automatically activate. Carbon monoxide sensor 304, smoke sensor 307, and external temperature sensor 309 continuously monitor the building's environment. If carbon monoxide concentration, smoke concentration, or temperature exceeds the limits, the system automatically activates. The process is the same as described above.

[0114] 4. Earthquake safety precautions Earthquake safety measures are similar to fire safety measures. The most important needs when trapped during an earthquake are food, water, breathing apparatus, a distress signal, and a powerful flashlight. All of these are provided in this embodiment, and their usage is very simple and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0115] In this embodiment, the main outer shell (2) is a cabinet. In different application scenarios, it can also be made into a sofa, bed, ceiling, wall embedded etc.

[0116] Example 3 This embodiment is a simplified version of Embodiment 2, retaining only the most basic, purely mechanical fire escape function. It can still be used for escape when a fire causes a power outage. In the event of a fire, personnel open door 3, rotate handle 46 to open valve 28, and compressed air from gas tank 215 enters valve 28 via compressed air branch pipe 21, then enters integrated pipeline 230, and finally enters air column 30. Air column 30 inflates airbag 50, allowing personnel to enter and take refuge. Self-rescue device 1 is activated for respiratory protection. During refuge, sprinkler head 34 can be used to spray water for cooling, and a layer of fast-setting heat-insulating coating 226 can be sprayed onto the inner surface of airbag 50. Figure 19 For example, aerogel or "a kind of fire emergency escape flame-retardant and heat-insulating foam spray" in CN201910451129.7 can also be sprayed onto the surface of clothing to help isolate external high-temperature flames.

[0117] Example 4 In the event of a fire, personnel open door 3, press switch 265 to turn on air compressor 214, and compressed air enters the integrated pipeline 230 directly through the compressed air main pipe 19, and then enters the air column 30; the air column 30 inflates the airbag 50, allowing personnel to enter the airbag 50 for refuge. The self-rescue device 1 is activated for respiratory protection. During refuge, an additional heat insulation barrier can be added inside the airbag 50 using heat-insulating fabric, or a heat-insulating wall can be quickly constructed around the person using heat-insulating building blocks. The aforementioned heat-insulating fabric can be connected to the airbag 50 using Velcro, zippers, buttons, etc.

[0118] Example 5 This embodiment of the invention uses a hard-mounted, fully protective compressed air self-rescue device in the home refuge cabin. However, this structure wastes a lot of space. Therefore, this space can be used as a miniature vegetable greenhouse for growing vegetables, and the harvested fruits and vegetables can be used for cooking. This monotonous and highly technical work is best done by a robot. When not in use, the robot can perform safety inspections and cleaning, and in the event of a fire, it can extinguish fires and protect people taking refuge in the miniature vegetable greenhouse.

[0119] I. Miniature Vegetable Greenhouse End: exist Figure 22 In the system, the electronic control system is divided into a miniature vegetable greenhouse end and a robot end, which communicate with each other through a wireless communication module.

[0120] First, it should be noted that in the micro-vegetable greenhouse, ① except for a few sensors that can be directly driven by the core processing unit 369, the others need to be driven by relays connected to high voltage. The core processing unit 369 only provides the drive for the corresponding relays, but the relays are omitted for the sake of simplifying the circuit diagram; ② this diagram is only a circuit principle framework diagram and does not include non-electrical components in the micro-vegetable greenhouse, such as water tanks, pipes, planting racks, etc., but these are obvious to professionals in this field.

[0121] Temperature sensor 308 continuously monitors the greenhouse temperature. When it falls below a set threshold (e.g., low temperatures in winter), it instructs the heater to start. Humidity sensor 309 monitors moisture; when humidity is too high, it instructs exhaust fan 314 to open windows for dehumidification. EC sensor (conductivity sensor) detects nutrient concentration in the water in real time. If the concentration is too low, feed valve 337 opens to replenish the system with nutrient solution; if it is too high, circulating water pump 221 opens to introduce clean water for dilution. Light sensor 33 monitors natural light intensity. During strong daylight, it instructs the supplemental lighting 338 to turn off; at night or in dim light, it turns on. Multispectral camera 339 is a "high-precision eye." It not only observes light but also photographs vegetables using specific spectra to analyze chlorophyll content, pest and disease risks, and growth status, providing AI with in-depth data to judge growth status. Heater 312 is a "mini heater," raising the room temperature through hot air or heat radiation during cold seasons. Exhaust fan is a "breathing system," responsible for ventilation and heat dissipation, ensuring fresh air and balanced temperature and humidity inside the greenhouse. The circulating water pump 211 draws nutrient solution from the water tank, flows through the planting trough, and then returns, ensuring that each vegetable can absorb nutrients while maintaining a consistent root environment temperature. The booster pump 236 is the "high-pressure heart," primarily responsible for spraying external water or prepared nutrient solution at appropriate pressure onto the crop roots (such as through drip irrigation or misting), ensuring thorough water penetration. The display 318 visualizes the operational results of all equipment and serves as a control terminal. Parameters can be manually intervened directly through the display (such as adjusting heating time or EC concentration standards), or an automatic mode can be set to allow the system to operate fully automatically according to a preset program.

[0122] The core processing unit 369 in the miniature vegetable greenhouse is based on the RK3588 + STM32 microcontroller, a typical distributed architecture of "host computer + slave computer." In the miniature vegetable greenhouse, each component acts as the "brain" and "hands / feet," ensuring both complex computational intelligence and real-time, secure on-site control. The following is the specific collaborative logic between the two components in the miniature vegetable greenhouse: Level 1: RK3588 (Decision Center) Positioning: Responsible for complex computations, AI decision-making, visual analysis, and human-computer interaction. It is a high-performance SoC capable of running large models, encompassing the following three aspects: ① Visual Analysis: Connecting to the multispectral camera 339, the RK3588 possesses powerful AI computing capabilities, enabling it to process images transmitted from the camera in real time and analyze the chlorophyll content, pest and disease status, and growth height of vegetables. It can determine whether vegetables are "fat, thin, or diseased," and formulate the next water and fertilizer strategy accordingly.

[0123] ② Environmental Management: It aggregates data from temperature, humidity, light, and EC sensors. It's not just a simple "over-limit switch," but can combine historical data, weather forecasts, and plant growth models to perform predictive control. It can even predict that "the temperature difference will increase after sunset tomorrow" and turn on the heater half an hour in advance to keep the temperature warm.

[0124] ③ Intelligent scheduling (“cloud brain”): Suitable for running large models or complex algorithm logic, and handling high-load task requests brought about by embodied intelligent robots.

[0125] Level 2: STM32 (Field Execution Layer), responsible for high-speed I / O control, device driving, safety interlocks, and real-time feedback. Because it is a microcontroller, its response speed is extremely fast and its stability is exceptionally high. ①Millisecond-level control: Directly controls heater 312, exhaust fan 314, booster pump 236, and circulating water pump 221. When RK3588 commands "The temperature is too low, turn on the heater", STM32 will activate the relay to execute the action within milliseconds.

[0126] ② Precise peripheral drive: Control the EC sensor 311 and feed valve 337 to precisely adjust the speed of booster pump 236 to control the flow rate, and precisely open and close feed valve 337 to ensure accurate fine-tuning of nutrient solution EC value.

[0127] ③ Safety Backup: While the RK3588 is powerful, in the event of a system crash or program freeze (due to excessive AI computational load or software bugs), the STM32, as an independent microcontroller, remains unaffected. It can independently monitor critical parameters (such as temperature and water level). In the event of a fire risk or an emergency such as the water tank running dry, the STM32 can immediately and forcibly cut off the power supply before the RK3588 can react, protecting the greenhouse equipment. The two chips communicate via a serial port (UART).

[0128] II. Robot End: This invention uses RK3588+STM32 to process real-time, relatively simple tasks locally, such as obstacle avoidance, object grasping, fire detection, navigation planning, and motor control; more complex tasks, such as planting vegetables and cooking, require cloud-edge collaboration, which can communicate with large cloud-edge models via 5G.

[0129] Figure 20 This is a scene where robots are trained to operate in a consumer's miniature vegetable greenhouse.

[0130] The biggest problem with robots entering daily life and production is that they don't understand the physical world. It's impossible for robots to be pre-installed and trained for all possible scenarios when they leave the factory. This invention uses consumers as trainers, who can train their own robots to perform specific skills, and then upload and share the training data. After countless consumers upload their training data, each robot can achieve training for almost all scenarios. Figure 20 In the video, consumers wearing black optical motion capture suits covered with white reflective patches demonstrate their movements to the robot. The robot records and analyzes the motion data, and finally completes a specific skill (planting vegetables in this picture) and uploads and shares it.

[0131] Figure 20 This depicts a scene where people are taking refuge in a miniature vegetable greenhouse, while robots are extinguishing fires on the outside and protecting the safety of the refugees.

[0132] This embodiment only describes the application of the robot in a miniature vegetable greenhouse scenario. If the fully protective compressed air self-rescue device uses a soft airbag, its functions are the same as above, except that it cannot grow vegetables or cook.

[0133] Example 6 Liushengyu Coal Mine is a high-gas mine. In pursuit of increased production, the mine management illegally added two illegal longwall mining faces (commonly known as "black faces," mining No. 9 coal beyond its boundaries, numbered 1901 and 1902) and three illegal tunneling faces (numbered: East Wing Exploration Tunnel, West Wing Exploration Tunnel, and Central Connecting Tunnel). On the day of the accident, the total number of people working underground in the mine was 245. Previously, in accordance with the requirements of this invention, the mine management had deployed a total of 150 sets of fully protective compressed air self-rescue devices throughout the entire mine (including legal and illegal areas). Each device is designed for only one person to take refuge, but it also contains two additional backup self-rescue devices (101) (one of which is a traditional compressed oxygen self-rescue device, and the other is a sound and light self-rescue device with a high-intensity light 206 and a distress call device 207). Each device is equipped with a complete electronic lock (16), airbag (50), air column (30), compressed air valve (28), air cylinder (26), microcontroller (61), communication module (63), and is connected to the downhole compressed air main (19) and water supply pipeline (18).

[0134] On the morning shift of the accident, a gas buildup occurred at the 1901 working face due to a malfunction in the ventilation system. The accumulated gas passed through a faulty junction box, where a spark ignited a gas explosion. The blast wave destroyed the support structure within a 20-meter radius of the working face exit, and the resulting high-temperature flames and large amounts of carbon monoxide spread along the return airway; the explosion also triggered a localized fire. Of the 28 workers in the working face, 3 located in the blast's epicenter died instantly. The remaining 25 workers sustained varying degrees of shockwave injuries but remained conscious and able to move.

[0135] After the explosion, the compressed air pipelines, water supply pipelines and power supply lines of the entire mine were damaged near the 1901 working face, but other areas were basically intact. The microcontrollers (61) of the fully protective compressed air self-rescue devices distributed at 150 locations are independently powered by batteries (69) and are not affected by power outages.

[0136] All 242 survivors underground activated their self-rescue devices immediately after the explosion (1). The moment each person activated their self-rescue device, its signal transmission module (263) sent an "emergency activation" command to all fully protective compressed air self-rescue devices within a 150m radius. Since 150 devices covered the main roadways, each device received activation signals from at least 3 to 5 workers.

[0137] The microcontroller (61) of each device executes the command within 5 seconds of receiving it: - Activate the electronic lock (16), and the door (3) pops open; - The compressed air valve (28) is opened, and the gas cylinder (26) quickly fills the gas column (30); - The shut-off valve (39) automatically cuts off the production air supply to each working face, giving priority to ensuring the compressed air pressure of the fully protective compressed air self-rescue device; - The airbag (50) fully deploys within 8 to 12 seconds, and the airtight zipper (40) opens.

[0138] All 242 self-rescue devices worn by the workers, except those worn by the deceased, were activated. Some of these devices sent accident signals to the underground communication base station (68). The ground commander immediately activated the emergency plan, notified the mine rescue team to go down into the mine, and determined the evacuation plan based on the personnel distribution map. A total of 150 people went into the compressed air self-rescue chamber underground to take refuge. They entered the airbag (50) of a fully protective compressed air self-rescue device that had been deployed, and pulled the airtight zipper (40) and reinforcing rib (41). Fresh air was continuously supplied to the airbag by the ground compressed air pipeline (19) through the air column pressure relief valve (32). The airbag pressure relief valve (33) maintained the internal positive pressure (0.01~0.02MPa), preventing external toxic fumes from entering. The water supply pipeline (18) and nozzles (34) could spray water to cool the area when needed. These 150 people waited in the airbag for 2~3 hours until the rescue team arrived and guided them to the surface. All of them survived. The remaining 92 survivors were distributed in areas close to the secondary shaft opening (≤1000m), such as the main transport roadway, auxiliary transport roadway, bottom yard, and electromechanical chamber, where the concentration of toxic gas in the roadways was relatively low. They also activated their personal self-rescue devices, and the full-protection compressed air self-rescue devices had automatically deployed. However, they did not enter the airbags but directly took out the spare self-rescue devices (101) from the device (each set of devices had 2 spares). Each person took one spare self-rescue device, wore it on their body, and used it together with the original self-rescue device (1). Then they ran along the main roadway toward the secondary shaft opening to evacuate. The spare self-rescue device was a sound and light self-rescue device, equipped with a high-intensity light (206) and a distress call device (207). After the explosion, the roadway was filled with dust, and the visibility was less than 2 meters. The high-intensity light helped the workers see the route. The distress call device emitted a periodic sound (90dB, 1Hz pulse), which enabled the workers to call out to each other in the dark and avoid getting separated or accidentally entering the harmful area. The AI-powered self-rescue device has a motion status detection function and can automatically adjust oxygen supply parameters, enabling personnel to run quickly while wearing it. All 92 workers evacuated using a combination of running and brisk walking, and all were safely brought to the surface without anyone collapsing due to oxygen deficiency or poisoning.

[0139] A total of 15 humanoid robots were deployed throughout the mine. After the explosion, one robot located near the 1901 working face was damaged by the shockwave, while the remaining 14 operated normally. They performed the following tasks: - Automatic sprinkler fire suppression: The local fire caused by the explosion at the 1901 working face was completely extinguished within 20 minutes by three nearby robots that continuously sprayed water through a water supply pipeline (18) connected to a lightweight water hose (671), preventing the fire from spreading to the airbag refuge area.

[0140] - Toxic and hazardous gas inspection: The robot is equipped with gas sensors (66) to detect the concentrations of carbon monoxide, methane, and hydrogen sulfide in real time, and uploads the data to the ground control room via a communication module. The control room uses this data to determine which areas have excessive levels of toxic gases and notifies evacuees not to go outside.

[0141] - Assisted evacuation guidance: In areas such as main transport tunnels and auxiliary transport tunnels, the robot guides evacuees to the nearest backup self-rescue device pick-up point or directly to the wellhead through sound and light alarms (speaker 207 + high-intensity light 206).

[0142] - Location of personnel in illegal areas: Since there is no formal communication base station coverage in the illegal work area (black area), the robot connects to the base station in the legal area through the self-organizing network function to transmit the location and status of the workers in the black area back in real time, so that the ground can accurately grasp the distribution of all 245 people.

[0143] In the post-accident summary, the underground emergency refuge system established based on the "dual-purpose mining construction method of fully protective compressed air self-rescue device and self-rescuer" played a decisive role in this gas explosion accident. 1. Self-rescue devices as remote controls: All 242 workers instinctively activated their self-rescue devices after the explosion, which simultaneously triggered the automatic activation of 150 sets of fully protective compressed air self-rescue devices, reducing the evacuation preparation time from several minutes to 10-15 seconds, thus winning golden time for large-scale evacuation.

[0144] 2. Backup self-rescue relay station function: Each set of equipment has a built-in backup self-rescue device, which enables 92 workers who are close to the wellhead to directly use it and then go up to the well without occupying airbag resources, thus greatly improving evacuation efficiency.

[0145] 3. Single-person airbag precise refuge: Each device can only accommodate one person, avoiding the problems of airtightness failure and insufficient oxygen caused by multiple people sharing the same airbag.

[0146] 4. Positive pressure oxygen supply and compressed air protection: The shut-off valve (39) cuts off the production air supply of all working surfaces (including the black surface) to ensure that all compressed air is supplied to the safety device, and the airbag is under continuous positive pressure so that toxic smoke cannot penetrate.

[0147] 5. Humanoid robot firefighting and inspection: The robot automatically sprays water to extinguish fires and monitors gas concentrations in real time, providing accurate decision-making basis for ground rescue.

[0148] Final conclusion: Despite the serious illegal mining activities at Liushengyu Coal Mine, the technical solution of this invention successfully protected the lives of 242 workers, with only 3 fatalities. Compared to similar gas explosion accidents (average mortality rate of 20%~50%), this invention controlled the mortality rate to 1.22%, fully demonstrating its irreplaceable value in the field of mine emergency response and disaster prevention. It also serves as a reminder that only by combining legal and compliant mining with advanced safety technologies can true "zero fatalities" be achieved.

[0149] The above description is a further detailed explanation of the present invention in conjunction with specific preferred embodiments. It should not be considered that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. For those skilled in the art, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and all such deductions or substitutions should be considered to fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dual-purpose method for mine and building fire protection based on a fully protective compressed air self-rescue device and self-rescuer, applied to underground mining and building fire protection, wherein the fully protective compressed air self-rescue device includes a remote controller, a communication module, a microcontroller, an electronic lock (16), and a door (3), wherein the remote controller and the communication module are wirelessly connected, the communication module and the electronic lock are electrically connected to the microcontroller, and the electronic lock is mechanically connected to the door and controls its opening, characterized in that, The remote control is a self-rescue device (1). In the well, the self-rescue device (1) is carried by the worker. In the building, the self-rescue device (1) is placed in or near the fully protective compressed air self-rescue device. When an accident occurs, the person first opens the self-rescue device (1) to escape. At the same time as the self-rescue device (1) is opened, the self-rescue device (1) immediately sends a control signal to open the fully protective compressed air self-rescue device. After the communication module (63) of the fully protective compressed air self-rescue device receives the signal, the microcontroller (61) activates the electronic lock (16) to open the door (3). At the same time as the door (3) is opened, the compressed air valve (28) is opened, the airbag (50) rolls out and is pushed open by the air column (30), and the personnel enter the airbag (50) to take refuge. Alternatively, the self-rescue device (1) may send the control signal and send accident information to the communication base station (68) at the same time.

2. The dual-purpose mining construction method based on a fully protective compressed air self-rescue device and a self-rescuer as described in claim 1. Its features are, The fully protective compressed air self-rescue device is equipped with an automatic water spray device on the outside.

3. The dual-purpose mining construction method based on a fully protective compressed air self-rescue device and a self-rescuer as described in claim 2. Its features are, The automatic water spraying device is a humanoid robot.

4. The dual-purpose mining construction method based on a fully protective compressed air self-rescue device and a self-rescuer as described in claim 1. Its features are, It also includes a water supply pipeline (18), which allows people to cool down by using water in the water supply pipeline (18) when they take refuge in the fully protected compressed air self-rescue device during a fire. The aforementioned fully protective compressed air self-rescue device is divided into two types: hardware and software. The hardware fully protective compressed air self-rescue device is a closed container with an airtight door, or it can utilize the wall of a building or other non-combustible, high-strength components as part of it.

5. The dual-purpose mining construction method based on a fully protective compressed air self-rescue device and a self-rescuer as described in claim 1. Its features are, The fully protective compressed air self-rescue device also includes a compressed air pipeline (21), a compressed air valve (28), a main shell (2), an airbag (50), and an air column (30); The air column (30) is connected to an air column pressure relief valve (32), the airbag (50) is connected to an airtight zipper (40) and an airbag pressure relief valve (33), and the compressed air pipeline (21) is connected to the air column (30) through a valve (28); The door (3) is unlocked by the linkage between the electronic lock (16) and the mechanical lock (86). The electronic lock and the mechanical lock are connected by a linkage mechanism, and any action can unlock the door. After the door (3) is opened, the airbag (50) rolls out of the main shell (2) by gravity. The valve (28) is opened under the control of the microcontroller (61). Compressed air enters the air column (30) through the compressed air pipe (21) and the valve (28). The airbag (50) is opened by the air column (30), and personnel enter for refuge. The compressed air then enters the airbag (50) through the air column pressure relief valve (32). The airbag pressure relief valve (33) maintains a constant positive pressure inside the airbag relative to the outside. When personnel are sheltering in an airbag (50) underground, the oxygen they breathe comes from the ground compressed air pipeline (19); when personnel are sheltering in a building, they always wear a self-rescue device (1) as their oxygen source.

6. The dual-purpose mining construction method based on the fully protective compressed air self-rescue device and self-rescuer as described in claim 5. Its features are, It also includes one or more combinations of the following technical features: (1) The valve core of the compressed air valve (28) is connected to the fan-shaped rope wheel (10), and the compressed air valve is opened when the fan-shaped rope wheel rotates; (2) A gas cylinder (26) is provided for rapidly inflating the gas column (30), which is opened by compressed air; (3) A rack (13) is provided to engage with a pawl (15) to prevent the rope from slackening; ⑷ The compressed air pipeline (19) is connected to a tee (20) and a shut-off valve (39). When the self-rescue device (1) sends a control signal, the shut-off valve (39) cuts off the production air, ensuring the compressed air pressure and flow rate that flow through the tee (20) to the fully protective compressed air self-rescue device.

7. The dual-purpose mining construction method based on a fully protective compressed air self-rescue device and a self-rescuer as described in claim 3. Its features are, The robot also functions as an inspection humanoid robot: underground, it inspects the concentration of toxic and harmful gases, the reliability of support, and the deformation of the tunnel; inside buildings, it detects the concentration of dangerous gases and performs daily maintenance on vegetables or flowers located in the fully protective compressed air self-rescue device.

8. The dual-purpose mining construction method based on a fully protective compressed air self-rescue device and a self-rescuer as described in claim 1. Its features are, Inside the building, the fully protective compressed air self-rescue device is called a "home refuge cabin". The home refuge cabin is also equipped with an oxygen generator or oxygen cylinder and is used as a micro hyperbaric oxygen chamber or entertainment facility in normal times. In the mine, the fully protective compressed air self-rescue device is a self-rescue relay station. When the escapee does not need to enter the airbag (50) for refuge and chooses to escape directly, he / she can carry the spare self-rescue device (101) and the self-rescue device (1) already worn on his / her body to escape, so as to increase the safety factor. The spare self-rescue device (101) is a traditional self-rescue device or a sound and light self-rescue device. The so-called sound and light self-rescue device is to add a strong light (206) and / or a distress call device (207) to the self-rescue device, which is conducive to better identifying the direction in the dense smoke and dust environment and is conducive to being found by the rescue team.

9. The dual-purpose mining construction method based on a fully protective compressed air self-rescue device and self-rescuer as described in claim 4 or claim 5. Its features are, It also includes at least one of the following (1) to (3): (1) A nozzle (34) is provided, and the water supply pipeline (18) is directly or indirectly connected to the nozzle (34); the indirect connection is that a water storage tank (205) is also connected between the water supply pipeline (18) and the nozzle (34); when the temperature inside the fire airbag (50) is too high, people can use the nozzle (34) to spray the body to achieve rapid cooling. (2) The airtight zipper (40) is also provided with a reinforcing rib (41) or another zipper at its opening to withstand the lateral tension inside the airbag (50); the reinforcing rib (41) is provided with one or more, each rib is divided into two ribs, left and right, which are sewn or glued to the airbags (50) on the left and right sides of the zipper respectively, and the left and right ribs are connected by at least one of the following methods: hook, Velcro, knot; the other zipper is arranged in a double layer with the original zipper; (3) The main shell (2) is equipped with a rapid-forming heat insulation material. When evacuating, a heat insulation barrier is quickly formed on the surface of the airbag (50) to ensure that external heat is isolated during a fire. The rapid-forming heat insulation material is either a quick-setting heat insulation coating (226), a modular heat insulation wall, or a heat insulation fabric that can be quickly applied to the surface of the airbag.

10. The dual-purpose mining construction method based on a fully protective compressed air self-rescue device and self-rescuer according to claim 7, characterized in that, The robots employ distributed training and data integration, with consumers acting as trainers. The data trained by each consumer is aggregated and shared with all robots, meaning each robot is both a data beneficiary and a data contributor.

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