High-efficiency heat-absorbing solar vacuum tube

Abstract

The application relates to a high-efficiency heat-absorbing solar vacuum tube, and relates to the technical field of solar heat collection. The vacuum tube comprises a light-transmitting outer tube and a heat-absorbing inner tube, and an opening end is provided with a driving structure connected with a flow disturbing structure accommodated in the inner tube. The driving structure converts the rotating power of a motor or an impeller into the axial reciprocating motion of a sliding bar through a motion conversion assembly, and then converts the axial reciprocating motion into a rotating and axial reciprocating composite motion through a screw rod-supporting seat transmission pair to drive the flow disturbing rod to work. The flow disturbing rod is staggeredly provided with helical blades, brush pieces and through openings, so that circumferential shearing, axial pumping, tube wall self-cleaning and radial mixing are realized. The impeller can be driven by the fluid kinetic energy in the header tank to realize energy-saving operation. Through the cooperation of the composite motion flow disturbing, self-cleaning and kinetic energy recovery, the convection heat exchange in the tube is significantly strengthened, the heat collection efficiency is improved, and the energy consumption is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of solar thermal collection, and in particular to a high-efficiency heat-absorbing solar vacuum tube. Background Technology

[0002] Solar vacuum tubes are the core heat collection elements of solar thermal systems such as solar water heaters. They consist of a light-transmitting outer tube and a heat-absorbing inner tube coaxially fitted to form a vacuum jacket. The outer surface of the heat-absorbing inner tube is coated with a selective absorption coating to absorb solar radiation and heat the heat transfer fluid inside the tube. The fluid inside traditional vacuum tubes is mainly laminar, with a thick thermal boundary layer and a low convective heat transfer coefficient, which seriously restricts the further improvement of heat collection efficiency.

[0003] Currently, Chinese patent application CN201720586178.8 discloses a solar vacuum tube based on improving heat collection efficiency. It includes an outer glass tube and an inner glass tube, with a vacuum layer sandwiched between the inner layer of the outer glass tube and the outer layer of the inner glass tube. The outer wall of the inner glass tube is provided with a solar selective absorption coating, which includes a heat-absorbing film layer, a first convex film layer, a first anti-reflection film layer, a second convex film layer, and a second anti-reflection film layer. The heat-absorbing film layer has several evenly distributed protrusions, with the first convex film layer at the end of each protrusion and the first anti-reflection film layer on both sides of the protrusions. This increases the specific surface area of ​​the film layer, thereby improving the absorption ratio of sunlight. Simultaneously, the first and second anti-reflection film layers are parallel to each other and form a specific angle with the horizontal plane, causing interference between the emitted light from adjacent anti-reflection film layers and reducing the emissivity. Furthermore, the inner glass tube of this vacuum tube has a hemispherical rounded end with a spring clip on its outer wall to buffer thermal stress; the inner wall of the outer glass tube is provided with a getter film and a getter to maintain the vacuum level. It mainly improves heat collection efficiency in terms of optical absorption and structural reliability by optimizing the film structure of the selective absorption coating and adding a thermal expansion buffer structure.

[0004] However, the fluid inside the vacuum tubes of existing technologies mostly relies on natural convection, resulting in low heat exchange efficiency. Even with static turbulence elements, the intensity of the turbulence is difficult to actively adjust according to changes in operating conditions, and scale and deposits are easily generated on the inner wall of the tubes during long-term operation, affecting the long-term stability of heat transfer performance. In addition, the motion output of some active drive schemes is relatively simple, the axial fluid pumping and mixing effect is limited, the operating energy consumption is high, and the overall energy saving performance is poor. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a high-efficiency heat-absorbing solar vacuum tube to solve the problems in the prior art.

[0006] This application provides a high-efficiency heat-absorbing solar vacuum tube, which adopts the following technical solution: it includes a light-transmitting outer tube and a heat-absorbing inner tube. The heat-absorbing inner tube is coaxially sleeved inside the light-transmitting outer tube, forming a sealed vacuum interlayer between the two. The outer surface of the heat-absorbing inner tube is provided with a solar selective absorption coating, and the heat-absorbing inner tube has an open end for communicating with a header and a closed end away from the open end. A driving structure is provided at the open end of the heat-absorbing inner tube, and a turbulence structure is connected to the output of the driving structure, and the turbulence structure is accommodated inside the heat-absorbing inner tube.

[0007] The drive structure includes a carrier installed at the open end of the heat-absorbing inner tube. A motion conversion component is installed through the right side of the carrier, and an impeller is connected to the front side of the motion conversion component. A bidirectional rack is engaged with the front of the inner side of the motion conversion component, and a slide is fixed to the front of the bidirectional rack. A support block is tightly fixed to the left end of the slide. A helical rod is rotatably connected to the bottom of the support block on the side away from the slide. A support seat is wrapped around the outer surface of the helical rod on the side away from the support block, and a disc is coaxially fixed to the left end of the helical rod. The support seat is locked and fixed to the left side of the front of the carrier. The side of the disc away from the helical rod is connected to a turbulence structure.

[0008] Preferably, the front right side of the carrier is provided with two slot frames, which are arranged symmetrically from top to bottom. Each of the two slot frames has a V-shaped groove on its opposite side. The length of the slide bar is greater than the length of the slot frame, and the upper and lower sides of the slide bar are slidably connected to the two V-shaped grooves respectively, thereby providing precise guidance for the reciprocating movement of the slide bar.

[0009] Preferably, the length of the bidirectional rack is half the length of the slide bar, and the right end of the bidirectional rack is flush with the right end of the slide bar to ensure full engagement stroke between the motion conversion component and the bidirectional rack.

[0010] Preferably, the support seat has a circular opening inside, and a protruding post is fixed inside the circular opening. The spiral rod is inserted through the inner side of the circular opening, and the protruding post is inserted into and slides in the spiral groove of the spiral rod. When the spiral rod is driven by the support block to move back and forth along the axial direction, the spiral rod is forced to generate rotational motion under the cooperation of the protruding post and the spiral groove, thereby converting the linear reciprocating motion into a composite motion of rotation and axial reciprocating motion.

[0011] Preferably, the motion conversion assembly includes a housing fastened to the middle rear of the carrier. A drive motor is locked inside the housing. The top output end of the drive motor is connected to a drive gear. The drive gear is rotatably connected inside the carrier, and a first driven gear and a second driven gear are respectively meshed on the front and rear sides of the drive gear. The shaft of the first driven gear rotates through the front side of the carrier, and a first sector-shaped tooth is coaxially fixed at the front end of the first driven gear. The shaft of the second driven gear rotates through the front side of the carrier, and a second sector-shaped tooth is coaxially fixed at the front end of the second driven gear. The first sector-shaped tooth and the second sector-shaped tooth have the same structure, size, and position. The inner sides of the first sector-shaped tooth and the second sector-shaped tooth are alternately meshed with a bidirectional rack. Thus, when the drive motor drives the drive gear to rotate, the first sector-shaped tooth and the second sector-shaped tooth rotate synchronously in the same direction and alternately mesh with the bidirectional rack, driving the bidirectional rack to produce continuous reciprocating linear motion.

[0012] Preferably, the impeller is coaxially fixed with the second sector-shaped toothed blade; the impeller is configured to rotate by the heat transfer fluid entering and exiting the header, and is used to replace the drive motor to drive the second sector-shaped toothed blade; when the system temperature difference forms a natural circulation or forced circulation, the flow of the fluid impacts the impeller, which can provide auxiliary power for the motion conversion component, or even replace the motor to achieve non-electric operation.

[0013] Preferably, the turbulence structure includes a shaft connected to the left output of the drive structure. A turbulence rod is coaxially fixed to the left end of the shaft. The shaft is inserted through the interior of a first bearing block. The end of the turbulence rod away from the shaft is inserted through the interior of a second bearing block. The left end of the turbulence rod is connected to a support assembly, which is installed on the left end of the inner side of the heat-absorbing inner tube. The second bearing block and the first bearing block are respectively disposed on the left and right sides inside the heat-absorbing inner tube to provide radial support for the turbulence rod and allow it to rotate freely and slide axially.

[0014] Preferably, the outer surface of the turbulence rod is provided with staggered spiral blades and brushes from right to left, and the interior of the turbulence rod has at least eight through-holes arranged radially, which are staggered with the spiral blades and brushes. The spiral blades violently agitate the fluid during rotation and axial reciprocating motion, thus disrupting the thermal boundary layer. The brushes make elastic contact with the inner wall of the heat-absorbing inner tube, scraping away deposits in real time. The through-holes further promote radial mixing of the fluid, enhancing turbulence.

[0015] Preferably, the support assembly includes a support plate rotatably connected to the left end of the baffle rod. A first guide rod and a second guide rod slide through the upper and lower sides of the support plate, respectively. The first and second guide rods are both fixed to the left end of the inner side of the heat-absorbing inner tube. A spring is connected to the middle of the left side of the support plate. The spring is disposed between the first and second guide rods, and the side of the spring away from the support plate abuts against the inner wall of the heat-absorbing inner tube. This support assembly not only provides elastic support for the left end of the baffle rod, compensating for axial extension and vibration, but also the rightward thrust of the spring helps to eliminate the clearance of the kinematic pair and ensure smooth movement.

[0016] This application also provides a solar thermal collector system, including a header and a plurality of the above-mentioned high-efficiency heat-absorbing solar vacuum tubes, wherein the open end of each high-efficiency heat-absorbing solar vacuum tube is connected to the manifold of the header, and the drive structure can be partially accommodated inside the header.

[0017] In summary, this application includes the following beneficial technical effects: 1. This application, through the cooperation of the motion conversion component and the screw rod-support transmission pair, transforms the single rotational input of the drive motor or impeller into a combined rotational and axial reciprocating motion of the turbulence rod inside the heat-absorbing inner tube. During rotation, the helical blades on the turbulence rod apply circumferential shear force to the heat transfer fluid inside the tube, which can strongly disrupt the thermal boundary layer near the inner wall of the heat-absorbing inner tube, allowing heat to be rapidly transferred to the mainstream fluid area. At the same time, the axial reciprocating motion causes the helical blades to push the fluid back and forth along the tube length, generating an axial pumping effect, promoting macroscopic mixing of the fluid along the tube length, and effectively eliminating local overheating dead zones. Multiple radial openings inside the turbulence rod repeatedly squeeze and suck up the surrounding fluid during movement, generating radial secondary flow, further enhancing the uniformity of fluid temperature and concentration on the tube cross-section, significantly improving the convective heat transfer coefficient inside the tube, and greatly improving the heat absorption efficiency of the solar vacuum tube.

[0018] 2. This application integrates an impeller into the motion conversion component and fixes it coaxially with the second sector-shaped toothed blade. The impeller is configured to face the flow direction of the heat transfer fluid from the header. During the operation of the solar thermal collector system, the natural circulation formed by the density difference between hot and cold water or the forced circulation driven by the water pump can cause the fluid to impact the impeller to rotate, thereby providing auxiliary driving power for the motion conversion component. This partially or completely replaces the work done by the drive motor and utilizes the system's own thermal cycle kinetic energy. Under conditions of sufficient sunlight and vigorous circulation, the impeller can independently maintain the operation of the turbulence bar, achieving passive turbulence without electricity. Under operating conditions that require active heat exchange enhancement, the power of the motor and the impeller is superimposed, effectively reducing the motor load and system energy consumption, thus meeting the dual requirements of efficient heat exchange and energy-saving operation.

[0019] 3. This application features staggered spiral blades and brushes on the baffle rod. The ends of the brushes are in elastic contact with the inner wall of the heat-absorbing inner tube. During the rotational and axial reciprocating combined motion of the baffle rod, the brushes mechanically scrape along the tube wall, effectively removing scale, rust, and other deposits generated during long-term operation. This maintains the cleanliness and high thermal conductivity of the inner wall of the heat-absorbing inner tube, avoiding the problem of heat transfer efficiency reduction caused by scaling. At the same time, the spring in the support assembly continuously applies elastic thrust to the baffle rod, eliminating the transmission gap between the spiral rod and the support seat protrusion, preventing impact and noise during reversal, and buffering the inertial force of the baffle rod in reciprocating motion, ensuring the smooth operation and long-term reliability of the entire drive and baffle system. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the driving structure, the heat-absorbing inner tube, and the turbulence structure of this application; Figure 3 This application Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the front view of the central drive structure; Figure 4 This application Figure 3 Right view of the structure after removing the cover and drive motor; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the turbulence structure of this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the supporting components of this application.

[0021] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Transparent outer tube; 2. Heat-absorbing inner tube; 3. Vacuum jacket; 4. Solar selective absorption coating; 5. Drive structure; 6. Turbulence structure; 51. Carrier; 52. Motion conversion component; 53. Impeller; 54. Sliding bar; 55. Bidirectional rack; 56. Support block; 57. Helical rod; 58. Support base; 59. Disc; 511. Slot frame; 521. Chamber cover; 522. Drive motor; 523. 524. Driven gear; 525. Second driven gear; 526. First sector gear; 527. Second sector gear; 61. Shaft; 62. Baffle bar; 63. First bearing block; 64. Second bearing block; 65. Support assembly; 621. Spiral blade; 622. Brush; 623. Through port; 651. Support plate; 652. First guide rod; 653. Second guide rod; 654. Spring. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 6 This application will be described in further detail below.

[0023] Please see Figure 1 This application provides a high-efficiency heat-absorbing solar vacuum tube, including a light-transmitting outer tube 1 and a heat-absorbing inner tube 2. The heat-absorbing inner tube 2 is coaxially sleeved inside the light-transmitting outer tube 1, forming a sealed vacuum interlayer 3 between the two. The outer surface of the heat-absorbing inner tube 2 is provided with a solar selective absorption coating 4. The left end of the heat-absorbing inner tube 2 is a closed end, which is hemispherical. The right end is an open end, which is used to communicate with the manifold. A driving structure 5 is provided at the open end of the heat-absorbing inner tube 2. A turbulence structure 6 is connected to the output of the driving structure 5, and the turbulence structure 6 is axially accommodated inside the heat-absorbing inner tube 2.

[0024] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 The drive structure 5 includes a carrier 51, which is mounted on the open end of the heat-absorbing inner tube 2 via a flange. Two slotted frames 511 are arranged symmetrically on the front right side of the carrier 51, with V-grooves on their opposing sides. The slide bar 54 slides within these two V-grooves on its upper and lower sides respectively. The length of the slide bar 54 is greater than the length of the slotted frames 511, allowing it to slide stably left and right along the V-grooves. A bidirectional rack 55 is fixed to the rear right side of the slide bar 54. The length of the bidirectional rack 55 is half the length of the slide bar 54, and the right end of the bidirectional rack 55 is flush with the right end of the slide bar 54. A support block 56 is tightly fitted to the left end of the slide bar 54, and the support block 56 is shaped downwards. A rotating connection is formed, and the right end of the spiral rod 57 is rotatably connected to the side of the rotating connection away from the slide bar 54 via a rolling bearing. The outer surface of the spiral rod 57 has a spiral groove, and a support seat 58 is wrapped around the side of the outer surface of the spiral rod 57 away from the support block 56. The support seat 58 is locked and fixed to the left side of the front part of the carrier 51. The support seat 58 has a circular opening inside, and a protrusion is fixed inside the circular opening. The spiral rod 57 passes through the inner side of the circular opening, and the protrusion slides into the spiral groove of the spiral rod 57, forming a protrusion-spiral groove transmission pair. A disc 59 is coaxially fixed to the left end of the spiral rod 57, and the side of the disc 59 away from the spiral rod 57 is connected to the turbulence structure 6.

[0025] The right side of the carrier 51 is provided with a motion conversion component 52, which is used to convert the rotational power into the axial reciprocating motion of the slide bar 54. Specifically, the motion conversion component 52 includes a housing 521 fastened to the middle of the rear of the carrier 51. A drive motor 522 is locked inside the housing 521. The top output end of the drive motor 522 is connected to a drive gear 523. The drive gear 523 is rotatably connected to the inside of the carrier 51. The front and rear sides of the drive gear 523 are respectively meshed with a first driven gear 524 and a second driven gear 525. The shafts of the two driven gears pass through and are rotatably supported on the front side of the carrier 51. The first driven gear 524 has a first sector-shaped toothed plate 526 coaxially fixed at its front end, and the second driven gear 525 has a second sector-shaped toothed plate 527 coaxially fixed at its front end. The first sector-shaped toothed plate 526 and the second sector-shaped toothed plate 527 have the same structure, size, and installation phase. The inner sides of the first sector-shaped toothed plate 526 and the second sector-shaped toothed plate 527 are interleaved with the bidirectional rack 55 for transmission. In one motion cycle, when the first sector-shaped toothed plate 526 is engaged with the bidirectional rack 55, the second sector-shaped toothed plate 527 is disengaged, and vice versa. Thus, the drive motor 522 drives the drive gear 523 to rotate, and the two driven gears drive the two sector-shaped toothed plates to rotate synchronously in the same direction, alternately pushing the bidirectional rack 55 and the slide bar 54 to move continuously in a reciprocating linear motion. The motion frequency can be flexibly controlled by adjusting the motor speed.

[0026] The impeller 53 is coaxially fixed at the front of the second sector-shaped toothed blade 527, located on the front side of the carrier 51. The blades of the impeller 53 are configured to face the flow direction of the heat transfer fluid from the header. When the solar thermal system is running, the density difference between hot and cold water or the pump drives the fluid to enter and exit the header, the fluid impacts the impeller 53 to make it rotate. This rotation is directly transmitted to the second sector-shaped toothed blade 527, which can partially or completely replace the power of the drive motor 522, achieving a significant energy-saving effect. Under conditions of sufficient sunlight and vigorous system circulation, the impeller 53 can even completely drive the turbulence structure 6 without the need for motor intervention.

[0027] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 The turbulence-inducing structure 6 includes a shaft 61, the right end of which is connected to the disk 59 of the drive structure 5 via a coupling, and a turbulence-inducing rod 62 coaxially fixed to the left end of the shaft 61. The shaft 61 is inserted through the inner hole of the first bearing block 63, which is fixed to the inner wall of the heat-absorbing inner tube 2 near the open end. The left end of the turbulence-inducing rod 62 is inserted through the inner hole of the second bearing block 64, which is fixed to the inner wall of the heat-absorbing inner tube 2 near the closed end. Both the first bearing block 63 and the second bearing block 64 are made of high-temperature resistant self-lubricating material, specifically a copper-based powder metallurgy bearing impregnated with graphite or a ceramic sliding bearing. The baffle rod 62 is fitted with a clearance fit with the shaft section, allowing it to slide freely along the axial direction while rotating, without the need for additional lubrication, thus adapting to the immersion environment of the heat transfer fluid inside the pipe. The outer surface of the baffle rod 62 has spiral blades 621 and brushes 622 arranged alternately from right to left. The brushes 622 are made of high-temperature resistant elastic metal wire or heat-resistant polymer bristles, and their ends form elastic contact with the inner wall of the heat-absorbing inner tube 2. The baffle rod 62 also has multiple through-holes 623 radially opened inside, which are arranged alternately with the spiral blades 621 and brushes 622, with no less than eight in number, so that the fluid is continuously guided and mixed radially during axial flow.

[0028] The left end of the baffle rod 62 is connected to the support assembly 65, which is installed on the left side of the inner heat-absorbing tube 2 (near the closed end). The support assembly 65 includes a support plate 651 rotatably connected to the left end of the baffle rod 62. A first guide rod 652 and a second guide rod 653 slide through the upper and lower sides of the support plate 651, respectively. The first guide rod 652 and the second guide rod 653 are both fixed parallel to each other along the axial direction on the left side of the inner heat-absorbing tube 2. A spring 654 is connected to the middle of the left side of the support plate 651. The spring 654 is located on the first guide rod 652. Between the second guide rod 653 and the spring 654, the side of the spring 654 away from the support plate 651 abuts against the inner wall of the closed end of the heat-absorbing inner tube 2. The spring 654 is always in a compressed state, applying a rightward elastic thrust to the support plate 651 and the baffle rod 62. The function of this elastic thrust is: on the one hand, to eliminate the transmission gap between the spiral groove on the spiral rod 57 and the protrusion of the support seat 58, preventing impact and noise during the reversal of movement; on the other hand, to buffer the inertial force of the baffle rod 62 during the reciprocating motion, ensuring smooth and stable movement.

[0029] This application also provides a solar thermal collection system, including a header and several of the above-mentioned high-efficiency heat-absorbing solar vacuum tubes, the open end of each high-efficiency heat-absorbing solar vacuum tube being connected to the manifold of the header; the drive structure 5 can be accommodated in the internal space of the header; a temperature sensor and controller are provided in the header to adjust the start, stop and speed of the drive motor 522 in real time according to the water temperature, so as to realize intelligent thermal collection management.

[0030] The working process for this application is as follows: First, when sunlight shines on the vacuum tube, solar radiation passes through the light-transmitting outer tube 1 and the vacuum interlayer 3, and is efficiently absorbed by the solar selective absorption coating 4 on the outer surface of the heat-absorbing inner tube 2 and converted into heat energy. The heat is conducted through the tube wall to the heat transfer fluid inside the heat-absorbing inner tube 2. As the temperature of the fluid inside the tube rises, a density difference is formed between it and the fluid in the header, driving the system to generate natural circulation. The hot fluid rises from the open end into the header manifold, while the cold fluid is replenished into the heat-absorbing inner tube 2. At this time, the fluid flowing through the open end impacts the impeller 53, and the impeller 53 begins to rotate, providing initial auxiliary driving power for the motion conversion component 52.

[0031] Second, when active heat exchange is required, the control system starts the drive motor 522. The output shaft of the drive motor 522 drives the drive gear 523 to rotate. The drive gear 523 synchronously drives the first driven gear 524 and the second driven gear 525 to rotate at the same speed and in the same direction, thereby driving the first sector tooth 526 and the second sector tooth 527 to rotate synchronously in the same direction. During the rotation, the two sector tooth 526 alternately meshes with the upper and lower tooth surfaces of the bidirectional rack 55: when the teeth of the first sector tooth 526 enter the meshing area, they push the bidirectional rack 526... 5 and slide bar 54 move to the left; when the first sector tooth 526 disengages, the second sector tooth 527 just enters the meshing area, pushing the bidirectional rack 55 and slide bar 54 to move to the right; this cycle repeats, and the combined rotational power of the motor and impeller is converted into the stable, continuous axial reciprocating linear motion of slide bar 54 along the slot frame 511; during this process, the continuous rotation of impeller 53 can be superimposed with the motor power, effectively reducing the motor load. When the system circulation flow is sufficient, the motor can run at a reduced speed or even stop for a short time, relying solely on fluid kinetic energy to maintain turbulence.

[0032] Third, the slider 54 drives the support block 56 to move synchronously back and forth. The support block 56 then pushes and pulls the spiral rod 57 to move axially within the circular opening of the support seat 58. Since the protrusion in the support seat 58 is always engaged in the spiral groove of the spiral rod 57, when the spiral rod 57 is forced to move axially, the constraint force of the protrusion on the spiral groove forces the spiral rod 57 to generate a rotational motion around its own axis at the same time. Thus, the simple linear reciprocating motion is transformed into a composite motion of rotation and axial reciprocating motion of the spiral rod 57. This composite motion is completely transmitted to the turbulence rod 62 through the disc 59 and the shaft 61. Under the joint support of the first bearing block 63 and the second bearing block 64, the turbulence rod 62 performs synchronous rotation and axial reciprocating motion inside the heat absorption inner tube 2. During this process, the spring 654 continuously provides an elastic thrust to the right, eliminating all axial gaps in the motion chain and ensuring smooth and shock-free motion transmission.

[0033] Fourth, when the baffle rod 62 performs a compound motion, the spiral blades 621 on its outer surface apply circumferential shear force to the heat transfer fluid inside the pipe during rotation, strongly disrupting the thermal boundary layer near the inner wall of the heat-absorbing inner pipe 2, allowing heat to be rapidly transferred to the mainstream area; at the same time, the axial reciprocating motion causes the spiral blades 621 to push the fluid back and forth along the pipe length direction, generating an axial pumping effect, promoting macroscopic mixing of the fluid along the pipe length direction, and eliminating local overheating dead zones; the brush 622 moves together with the baffle rod 62, and under the compound trajectory of rotation and axial reciprocating motion, it mechanically scrapes the inner wall of the heat-absorbing inner pipe 2, effectively removing scale, rust and other deposits, maintaining the cleanliness of the pipe wall and efficient heat conduction; the opening 623 inside the baffle rod 62 repeatedly squeezes and draws in the surrounding fluid during the motion, generating radial secondary flow, further enhancing the temperature and concentration uniformity on the pipe cross section.

[0034] The embodiments described in this specific implementation are preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Identical components are represented by the same reference numerals. Therefore, all equivalent changes made to the structure, shape, and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency heat-absorbing solar vacuum tube, comprising a light-transmitting outer tube (1) and a heat-absorbing inner tube (2), wherein the heat-absorbing inner tube (2) is coaxially sleeved inside the light-transmitting outer tube (1), and a sealed vacuum interlayer (3) is formed between the two, wherein the outer surface of the heat-absorbing inner tube (2) is provided with a solar selective absorption coating (4), and the heat-absorbing inner tube (2) has an open end for communicating with a header and a closed end away from the open end; Its features are: A drive structure (5) is provided at the open end of the heat-absorbing inner tube (2). A turbulence structure (6) is connected to the output of the drive structure (5), and the turbulence structure (6) is housed inside the heat-absorbing inner tube (2). The drive structure (5) includes a carrier (51) installed at the open end of the heat-absorbing inner tube (2). A motion conversion component (52) is provided through the right side of the inside of the carrier (51), and an impeller (53) is connected to the front side of the motion conversion component (52). A bidirectional rack (55) is engaged with the front side of the inner side of the motion conversion component (52), and the bidirectional... A slide bar (54) is fixed to the front of the rack (55). A support block (56) is tightly fixed to the left end of the slide bar (54). A screw rod (57) is rotatably connected to the bottom of the support block (56) away from the slide bar (54). A support seat (58) is wrapped around the outer surface of the screw rod (57) away from the support block (56). A disc (59) is coaxially fixed to the left end of the screw rod (57). The support seat (58) is locked and fixed to the left side of the front of the carrier (51). The side of the disc (59) away from the screw rod (57) is connected to the turbulence structure (6).

2. The high-efficiency heat-absorbing solar vacuum tube according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two slots (511) are provided on the right side of the front part of the carrier (51). The two slots (511) are arranged symmetrically up and down, and V-shaped grooves are opened on their opposite sides. The length of the slide bar (54) is greater than the length of the slot (511), and the upper and lower sides of the slide bar (54) are slidably connected to the two V-shaped grooves respectively.

3. The high-efficiency heat-absorbing solar vacuum tube according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the bidirectional rack (55) is half the length of the slide bar (54), and the right end of the bidirectional rack (55) is flush with the right end of the slide bar (54).

4. The high-efficiency heat-absorbing solar vacuum tube according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support base (58) has a circular opening inside, and a protruding post is fixed inside the circular opening. The spiral rod (57) is inserted through the inner side of the circular opening, and the protruding post is inserted into and slides in the spiral groove of the spiral rod (57).

5. The high-efficiency heat-absorbing solar vacuum tube according to claim 1, characterized in that: The motion conversion assembly (52) includes a housing (521) fastened to the middle rear of the carrier (51). A drive motor (522) is locked inside the housing (521). A drive gear (523) is connected to the top output end of the drive motor (522). The drive gear (523) is rotatably connected inside the carrier (51), and a first driven gear (524) and a second driven gear (525) are respectively meshed on the front and rear sides of the drive gear (523). The shaft of the first driven gear (524) passes through and rotates through the carrier. (51) On the front side, and the first driven gear (524) is coaxially fixed with a first sector tooth (526), ​​the shaft of the second driven gear (525) passes through and rotates on the front side of the carrier (51), and the front end of the second driven gear (525) is coaxially fixed with a second sector tooth (527). The first sector tooth (526) and the second sector tooth (527) have the same structure and size, and their position is the same. The inner sides of the first sector tooth (526) and the second sector tooth (527) are interleaved with the bidirectional rack (55) for transmission.

6. The high-efficiency heat-absorbing solar vacuum tube according to claim 5, characterized in that: The impeller (53) is coaxially fixed with the second sector toothed blade (527). The impeller (53) is configured to rotate by the heat transfer fluid entering and exiting the manifold, in place of the drive motor (522) to drive the second sector toothed blade (527) to move.

7. The high-efficiency heat-absorbing solar vacuum tube according to claim 1, characterized in that: The turbulence structure (6) includes a shaft (61) connected to the output on the left side of the drive structure (5). A turbulence rod (62) is coaxially fixed at the left end of the shaft (61). The shaft (61) is inserted through the inside of the first bearing block (63). The end of the turbulence rod (62) away from the shaft (61) is inserted through the inside of the second bearing block (64). The left end of the turbulence rod (62) is connected to the support assembly (65). The support assembly (65) is installed on the left end of the inner side of the heat-absorbing inner tube (2). The second bearing block (64) and the first bearing block (63) are respectively located on the left and right sides inside the heat-absorbing inner tube (2).

8. The high-efficiency heat-absorbing solar vacuum tube according to claim 7, characterized in that: The outer surface of the spoiler (62) is provided with staggered spiral blades (621) and brushes (622) from right to left. The spoiler (62) has at least eight through-holes (623) radially opened inside, and the through-holes (623) are staggered with the spiral blades (621) and brushes (622).

9. The high-efficiency heat-absorbing solar vacuum tube according to claim 7, characterized in that: The support assembly (65) includes a support plate (651) rotatably connected to the left end of the baffle rod (62). A first guide rod (652) and a second guide rod (653) slide through the upper and lower sides of the support plate (651) respectively. The first guide rod (652) and the second guide rod (653) are both fixed to the left end of the heat-absorbing inner tube (2). A spring (654) is connected to the middle left side of the support plate (651). The spring (654) is located between the first guide rod (652) and the second guide rod (653), and the side of the spring (654) away from the support plate (651) abuts against the inner wall of the heat-absorbing inner tube (2).

10. A solar thermal collector system, comprising a header and a plurality of solar vacuum tubes, characterized in that, The solar vacuum tube is a high-efficiency heat-absorbing solar vacuum tube according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and the open end of each solar vacuum tube is connected to the manifold of the header.

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