Coal chemical industry fluidized bed dryer

Abstract

The application discloses a coal chemical industry boiling fluidized bed dryer and relates to the field of boiling fluidized bed dryers, which comprises a drying chamber, two rotating shafts are installed in the drying chamber and are parallel to each other and opposite in rotating direction, stirring rods are slidably connected to the rotating shafts along the directions parallel to the radial directions of the rotating shafts, tension springs are connected between the end pieces and the side walls of the rotating shafts, a sliding rod capable of being pushed by the stirring rods is obliquely and slidably arranged in a fixing box, gears are fixedly connected to the two ends of the sliding rod, and stirring pieces are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the sliding rod. The elasticity of the tension springs can keep the stirring rods in a sliding and telescopic state during the process of rotating and contacting the air distribution plate, ensures the continuous and effective contact between the end portions of the stirring rods and the air distribution plate, simultaneously reduces the cleaning difficulty and maintenance cost of the equipment, prevents the air distribution plate from being blocked by accumulated materials, guarantees the continuous and stable operation of the equipment, and meets the drying requirements of the high-viscosity and easy-caking materials in coal chemical industry.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fluidized bed dryers, specifically a fluidized bed dryer for coal chemical industry. Background Technology

[0002] In coal chemical production processes, a large amount of wet materials with high salt content, high viscosity, and easy agglomeration are generated, such as mixed salts obtained after evaporation and crystallization of coking wastewater, wet materials before drying of desulfurization waste liquid, and fine powder materials generated during coal gasification. These materials have the characteristics of uneven particle size, strong viscosity, and easy agglomeration, which puts extremely high requirements on the fluidization effect and mixing uniformity of drying equipment. With its advantages of continuous production, high drying efficiency, and large processing capacity, the fluidized bed dryer has become the mainstream equipment for drying wet materials in the coal chemical industry.

[0003] Existing fluidized bed dryers for coal chemical industry mostly adopt a horizontal planar air distribution structure. Their working principle is to introduce high-temperature dry hot air through the bottom air chamber, so that the material forms a fluidized boiling state on the air distribution plate. At the same time, the material is pushed from the feed end to the discharge end by the thrust of the hot air and the slight tilt angle of the bed to complete the drying process. In the existing technology, in order to solve the problem of material agglomeration, some equipment will add a rotating stirring shaft and blades in the bed. The blades will break up the agglomerated material and assist in the material conveying.

[0004] However, existing fluidized bed dryers for coal chemical industry still have significant technical shortcomings in practical applications, particularly in drying highly viscous and easily agglomerated materials. The most prominent issue is insufficient material mixing, resulting in obvious dead zones and restricted areas. Specifically, the air distribution plates of existing fluidized bed dryers are mostly planar, while the blades on the stirring shaft rotate in a columnar pattern. Gaps exist between the blades and the planar air distribution plates, and the blades' sweeping range is limited. Dead zones, inaccessible to the blades, are formed in the corners, near-wall areas, and gaps between the stirring shaft and the bed. Since coal chemical materials are inherently viscous and prone to agglomeration, these dead zones cannot be effectively dispersed, leading to accumulation and caking. This not only causes uneven drying but also allows some material to deteriorate due to prolonged retention in these dead zones, affecting the quality of the finished product. Furthermore, it increases the difficulty of cleaning and maintenance costs, and excessive material accumulation can even clog the air distribution plates, disrupting the fluidization process and preventing continuous and stable operation of the equipment.

[0005] In addition, to address the issue of dead zones in mixing, some existing technologies attempt to modify the bottom of the fluidized bed to a fully arc-shaped structure to conform to the cylindrical rotation trajectory of the impellers. However, this improvement severely disrupts the planar air distribution characteristics of the air distribution plate, resulting in uneven distribution of hot air within the bed and phenomena such as flow deviation and channeling. This, in turn, reduces the fluidization effect of the material and fails to meet the high-efficiency drying requirements of coal chemical materials. Another approach is to cover the blind zone by increasing the number of impellers or enlarging the impeller size. However, this leads to a more complex equipment structure, increased energy consumption, and the inability to completely eliminate the mixing blind zone in the angle-locked area. It may also interfere with the fluidization process of the material, resulting in increased fine powder entrainment and decreased product yield.

[0006] In summary, existing fluidized bed dryers for coal chemical industry suffer from poor compatibility between the stirring structure and the bed structure, resulting in significant dead zones in the stirring. This leads to uneven drying of materials, easy agglomeration, and unstable product quality. Furthermore, the equipment has high maintenance costs and poor reliability in continuous operation, making it unsuitable for the drying needs of high-viscosity and easily agglomerated materials in the coal chemical industry. Therefore, developing a fluidized bed dryer for coal chemical industry that can effectively eliminate dead zones in the stirring, ensure uniform material mixing, and balance fluidization effect and drying efficiency has become an urgent technical problem to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0007] Based on this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a fluidized bed dryer for coal chemical industry, so as to solve the technical problem that the existing fluidized bed dryer has dead zones in stirring, resulting in uneven drying of materials.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a fluidized bed dryer for coal chemical industry, comprising a drying chamber, wherein two rotating shafts are installed in the drying chamber, which are parallel to each other and rotate in opposite directions. Each rotating shaft is slidably connected to a stirring rod in a direction parallel to its own radial direction. One end of each stirring rod is connected to a shovel for contacting a hot air distribution plate installed in the drying chamber, and the other end is connected to an end plate. A tension spring is connected between the end plate and the side wall of the rotating shaft. When the shovel is located at the junction of the side wall of the drying chamber and the hot air distribution plate, the tension spring is in an undeformed state. The dryer also includes a fixed box, within which a sliding rod capable of being pushed by the stirring rod is obliquely slidably arranged. Gears are fixedly connected to both ends of the sliding rod. During the process of the stirring rod pushing the sliding rod, the gears can mesh with a rack installed in the fixed box. During the process of the sliding rod sliding back to its original position under its own gravity, the rack and gears do not contact each other. Stirring blades are spaced apart along the axial direction of the sliding rod.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the elasticity of the tension spring allows the stirring rod to maintain a sliding and telescopic state during rotation and contact with the air distribution plate, ensuring continuous and effective contact between the end of the stirring rod and the air distribution plate. This enables comprehensive coverage of traditional stirring dead corners such as the corners and near-wall areas of the bed, fully dispersing and pushing the accumulated material in these dead corners, preventing the material from remaining stagnant and deteriorating for a long time. At the same time, it reduces the difficulty of equipment cleaning and maintenance costs, prevents material accumulation from clogging the air distribution plate, ensures continuous and stable operation of the equipment, and is suitable for the drying needs of high-viscosity and easily agglomerated materials in coal chemical industry.

[0010] The present invention is further configured such that lifting air caps are evenly spaced on the hot air distribution plate, the top of each lifting air cap is provided with an air outlet, and a limiting ring is fixedly connected to the bottom to limit its upward movement away from the hot air distribution plate. The bottom wall of the hot air distribution plate is provided with a limiting piece for each lifting air cap to limit its downward movement away from the hot air distribution plate. When the lifting air cap contacts the limiting piece, the top of the lifting air cap is flush with the top surface of the hot air distribution plate.

[0011] Preferably, the lifting hood can be lowered to be flush with the top surface of the hot air distribution plate by the push of the shovel bar, ensuring that the shovel bar can fully shovel the material on the surface of the hot air distribution plate.

[0012] The present invention is further configured such that the side wall of the rotating shaft is provided with a connecting lug in the radial direction, the stirring rods all pass through the connecting lug and are slidably connected to the connecting lug, the tension spring is coaxially arranged with the stirring rod, one end of which is connected to the end plate and the other end is connected to the connecting lug, and a corrugated cover is coaxially sleeved between the end plate and the connecting lug on the tension spring.

[0013] Preferably, a corrugated cover is used to protect the tension spring between the connecting lug and the end piece.

[0014] The present invention is further configured such that the stirring blades are provided between two adjacent stirring rods, and the width is the same as the distance between the two adjacent stirring rods. At least two stirring blades and no more than four stirring blades are provided at intervals along the circumferential direction of the sliding rod.

[0015] Preferably, while ensuring the mixing blades have a good ability to break up large pieces of material, the mixing blades also ensure that when the mixing rod pushes the sliding rod to the top of the first chute, the mixing blades do not interfere with the disengagement of the mixing rod and the sliding rod.

[0016] The invention is further configured such that the fixing box is arranged in a figure-eight shape at the end of the drying chamber, the bottoms of the two fixing boxes at the same end of the drying chamber are close to each other, and the tops are far apart from each other. The fixing box is provided with a first sliding groove along its own length direction. The width of the first sliding groove is greater than the diameter of the sliding rod. When the sliding rod contacts the upper surface of the first sliding groove, the gear and the rack mesh with each other. When the sliding rod contacts the lower surface of the first sliding groove, the sliding rod slides down and resets under its own gravity.

[0017] Preferably, the sliding rod is allowed to slide smoothly during the reset process, ensuring that the sliding rod can smoothly slide and reset under its own gravity.

[0018] The invention is further configured such that the fixing box is provided with a second sliding groove along its own length direction, the width of the second sliding groove is greater than that of the first sliding groove, and a reversing box is slidably disposed inside the reversing box. The reversing box is provided with a coaxial reversing mechanism, and the two ends of the coaxial reversing mechanism are respectively connected to a sliding rod and a gear. When the reversing box contacts the upper surface of the second sliding groove, the sliding rod contacts the upper surface of the first sliding groove. When the reversing box contacts the lower surface of the second sliding groove, the sliding rod contacts the lower surface of the first sliding groove.

[0019] Preferably, the stirring blades are made to rotate in a rotation mode opposite to that of the corresponding rotation axis, which further enhances the ability of the stirring blades to break up large pieces of material.

[0020] The present invention is further configured such that a rotary feeder for feeding materials into the drying chamber is provided at one end of the drying chamber, and a rotary discharge valve for discharging materials is installed at the other end. A cold air distribution plate is provided at the end of the drying chamber near the rotary discharge valve on the hot air distribution plate, and a cold air supply source is provided on the bottom surface of the cold air distribution plate.

[0021] Preferably, the material about to leave the drying chamber is cooled to prevent the high-temperature material from becoming damp after being discharged.

[0022] The present invention is further configured such that the bottom ends of the hot air distribution plate and the cold air distribution plate are respectively provided with different air guide boxes, the air guide boxes corresponding to the hot air distribution plate are all connected to the hot air mixing pipe, the air guide boxes corresponding to the cold air distribution plate are connected to the cold air mixing pipe, the hot air mixing pipe is radially connected to the hot air conveying pipe, one end of the hot air conveying pipe is laterally connected to the cooling air supply pipe, the other end of the cooling air supply pipe is connected to the cold air mixing pipe, and the outer wall of the cooling air supply pipe is provided with fin rings at intervals along its own length to reduce the airflow temperature inside the cooling air supply pipe.

[0023] Preferably, no additional dry, cold air source is required; hot air is directly introduced for cooling, effectively reducing the overall system installation cost.

[0024] The invention is further configured such that the area of ​​the hot air distribution plate that each of the shovels can contact during the rotation of the stirring rod is more than half the area of ​​the hot air distribution plate itself, and the stirring rods connected to the two rotating shafts will not interfere with or collide with each other.

[0025] Preferably, the entire area of ​​the hot air distribution plate is thoroughly cleaned and mixed with the cooperation of the two sets of stirring rods to prevent material accumulation.

[0026] The present invention is further configured such that the side wall of the drying chamber is provided with an observation window for observing the internal conditions, and the side of the observation window near the inner wall of the drying chamber is flush with the side wall of the drying chamber.

[0027] Preferably, while observing the material condition inside the drying chamber through the observation window, material residue should be avoided in the gap between the observation window and the inner wall of the drying chamber.

[0028] In summary, the present invention has the following main beneficial effects: This invention features two parallel rotating shafts within a drying chamber. A stirring rod slides along these shafts, with a tension spring positioned between the stirring rod and the side wall of the rotating shaft. The elasticity of the spring allows the stirring rod to maintain a sliding, extending state as it rotates and contacts the air distribution plate. This ensures continuous and effective contact between the stirring rod end and the air distribution plate, comprehensively covering traditionally difficult-to-reach areas such as the corners and near-wall regions of the drying chamber. This effectively disperses and pushes away accumulated materials in these areas, preventing long-term material retention and deterioration. Simultaneously, it reduces equipment cleaning difficulty and maintenance costs, prevents material buildup from clogging the air distribution plate, and ensures continuous and stable equipment operation. This invention is suitable for drying high-viscosity, easily agglomerated materials in coal chemical processes.

[0029] This invention features a lifting hood on the air distribution plate. When the end of the stirring rod contacts the air distribution plate, the lifting hood can be pressed down simultaneously. This avoids interfering with the normal rotation of the stirring rod and ensures that there are no gaps or omissions between the end of the stirring rod and the air distribution plate, achieving all-round contact. At the same time, the end of the stirring rod is connected to a shovel, which further increases the contact area and efficiency with the air distribution plate, enhances the scraping and dispersing effect on the surface of the air distribution plate, effectively prevents the material from sticking or hardening on the surface of the air distribution plate, ensures that all materials in the bed can be uniformly stirred and fully fluidized, improves drying uniformity, and guarantees the consistency of the quality of the finished product.

[0030] This invention adds a sliding rod that is pushed by a stirring rod under stirring conditions. The two ends of the sliding rod are connected to gears and cooperate with a rack in a fixed box. During the rotation of the stirring rod, the sliding rod can be pushed to slide obliquely upward. At the same time, through the meshing of the rack and gears, the sliding rod is driven to rotate synchronously. This can break up and crush large clumps of material scooped up by the stirring rod, effectively solving the problem of easy agglomeration and clumping of coal chemical materials. This makes the material particle size more uniform, increases the contact area with high-temperature dry air, and improves drying efficiency and drying effect.

[0031] This invention selectively installs reversing boxes at both ends of the sliding rod. When the reversing boxes are installed, the rotation direction of the stirring rod is opposite to that of the sliding rod. Utilizing the relative motion of the opposite rotation, the stirring blades on the sliding rod more thoroughly squeeze and shear large clumps of material, resulting in a more significant dispersing effect. When the reversing boxes are not installed, the stirring blades and the stirring rod rotate in the same direction, making it suitable for materials with relatively uniform particle size and light clumping. This allows for flexible adaptation to different working conditions and materials, expanding the applicability of the equipment and better meeting the drying needs of various wet materials in the coal chemical industry.

[0032] This invention connects a cold air supply pipe to the hot air inlet pipe, supplying cold air to the tail end of the drying chamber. The cold air is cooled by cooling fins on the cold air supply pipe, eliminating the need to introduce outside air with potentially high moisture content. It directly utilizes the cooled hot air from the drying process as the cooling air. This design can rapidly cool the high-temperature materials after drying, while avoiding moisture absorption caused by contact between high-humidity outside air and high-temperature dry materials. It effectively prevents clumping and moisture re-entry after material discharge, further ensuring the quality stability of the finished product, reducing quality losses during subsequent storage and packaging, and meeting the drying needs of highly hygroscopic materials in coal chemical industry. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a perspective view of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the drying chamber of the present invention; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged view of A in the middle; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the drying chamber from another perspective of the present invention; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged view of B in the middle; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the movement of a shovel bar on one side of the drying chamber of the present invention to one side of the hot air distribution plate, while the shovel bar on the other side of the drying chamber is moving towards the hot air distribution plate. Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 Enlarged view of C; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the state in which a shovel bar on one side of the drying chamber of the present invention contacts the inner wall of the drying chamber, and the stirring rod corresponding to the shovel bar is about to push the sliding rod, while the shovel bar on the other side of the drying chamber is moving towards the hot air distribution plate. Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 9 Enlarged view of D; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram showing the state in which the shovel bar on one side of the drying chamber of the present invention disengages from the sliding rod and continues to make circular motion, while the shovel bar on the other side of the drying chamber is contacting the hot air distribution plate and pressing down the lifting air cap. Figure 12 For the present invention Figure 11 Enlarged view of E in the middle; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the fixing box of the present invention; Figure 14 For the present invention Figure 13 Enlarged view of F in the middle; Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the fixing box from another perspective of the present invention; Figure 16 For the present invention Figure 15 Enlarged view of G in the middle; Figure 17 A perspective view of the reversing box configuration between the sliding rod and the gear in this invention; Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the commutator box of the present invention; Figure 19 For the present invention Figure 18 Enlarged view of H in the middle; Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the reversing box from another perspective of the present invention; Figure 21 For the present invention Figure 20 Enlarged view of I in the middle; Figure 22 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating shaft and stirring rod of the present invention, as well as the tension spring structure coaxially arranged on the stirring rod.

[0034] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Drying chamber; 101. Observation window; 102. Baffle strip; 2. Hot air distribution plate; 201. Receiving tank; 202. Limiting plate; 3. Lifting hood; 301. Air outlet; 302. Limiting ring; 4. Cold air distribution plate; 5. Rotating shaft; 501. Connecting lug; 6. Stirring rod; 601. End plate; 602. Shovel; 7. Tension spring; 8. Corrugated cover; 9. Fixing box; 901. Rack; 902. 1. Slide chute; 903. Second slide chute; 10. Gear; 11. Sliding rod; 1101. Stirring blade; 12. Reversing box; 13. Settling chamber; 14. Rotary feeder; 15. Rotary discharge valve; 16. Drive box; 17. Hot air inlet; 18. Hot air conveying pipe; 19. Cooling air supply pipe; 20. Hot air mixing pipe; 21. Cold air mixing pipe; 22. Exhaust gas outlet; 23. Control valve; 24. Air guide box. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0036] The embodiments of the present invention will now be described.

[0037] First embodiment: A fluidized bed dryer for coal chemical industry, please refer to [link / reference]. Figures 1-22 The system includes a drying chamber 1, with a rotary feeder 14 for feeding materials into the drying chamber 1 at one end and a rotary discharge valve 15 for discharging materials at the other end. A settling chamber 13 is installed above the drying chamber 1, and a waste gas outlet 22 is opened laterally at the top of the settling chamber 13. The waste gas discharged through the waste gas outlet 22 is discharged into the air after passing through a cyclone dust collector and a bag filter. Two rotating shafts 5 that are parallel to each other and rotate in opposite directions are installed inside the drying chamber 1. Specifically, a drive box 16 is installed at the end of the drying chamber 1 near the rotary feeder 14. The drive box 16 drives the two rotating shafts 5 to rotate synchronously through a drive motor and a transmission gear.

[0038] Furthermore, both rotating shafts 5 are slidably connected to stirring rods 6 in a direction parallel to their own radial direction. One end of the stirring rod 6 is connected to a spade 602 for contacting the hot air distribution plate 2 installed in the drying chamber 1, and the other end is connected to an end plate 601. A tension spring 7 is connected between the end plate 601 and the side wall of the rotating shaft 5. When the spade 602 is located at the junction of the side wall of the drying chamber 1 and the hot air distribution plate 2, the tension spring 7 is in an undeformed state, ensuring that the spade 602 can extend to the material accumulation point at the junction of the hot air distribution plate 2 and the inner wall of the drying chamber 1.

[0039] It also includes a fixed box 9, in which a sliding rod 11 that can be pushed by a stirring rod 6 is obliquely slidably arranged. Gears 10 are coaxially fixedly connected to both ends of the sliding rod 11. During the process of the stirring rod 6 pushing the sliding rod 11 obliquely upward, the gears 10 can mesh with the rack 901 provided in the fixed box 9. During the process of the sliding rod 11 sliding back to its original position under its own gravity, the rack 901 and the gears 10 do not contact each other. Stirring blades 1101 are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the sliding rod 11.

[0040] Specifically, the fixed box 9 is arranged in a V-shape at the end of the drying chamber 1. Both ends of the drying chamber 1 are provided with fixed boxes 9 arranged in a V-shape. The bottoms of the two fixed boxes 9 at the same end of the drying chamber 1 are close to each other, while the tops are far apart. The fixed box 9 is provided with a first sliding groove 902 along its own length direction. The width of the first sliding groove 902 is greater than the diameter of the sliding rod 11. When the sliding rod 11 contacts the upper surface of the first sliding groove 902, the gear 10 and the rack 901 mesh with each other. When the sliding rod 11 contacts the lower surface of the first sliding groove 902, the sliding rod 11 slides down and resets under its own weight, so that the sliding rod 11 can slide smoothly during the reset process. This ensures that the sliding rod 11 can slide and reset smoothly by its own weight. Furthermore, a baffle 102 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the drying chamber 1 near the end of the rotary feeder 14 to prevent falling materials from accidentally entering the fixed box 9. The fixed box 9 is also provided with a channel for ash discharge to prevent ash accumulation inside from affecting the normal sliding of the sliding rod 11.

[0041] Specifically, because there is a continuous upward airflow in the drying chamber 1, if the gear 10 remains engaged with the rack 901 during the downward sliding of the sliding rod 11, the sliding rod 11 needs to rotate continuously to smoothly slide down and reset. When the sliding rod 11 rotates, the stirring plate 1101 will agitate the material in the drying chamber 1, and the resulting resistance will hinder the sliding rod 11 from sliding down. While blindly increasing the weight of the sliding rod 11 can help it slide down and reset, a heavier sliding rod 11 will be difficult to push by the stirring rod 6, and may even interfere with the normal rotation of the stirring rod 6. In order for the stirring rod 6 to be able to smoothly push the sliding rod 11 from the bottom of the fixed box 9 in the next cycle, a first groove 902 with a width greater than the diameter of the sliding rod 11 is designed.

[0042] For details regarding the above embodiments, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 11 and Figure 12The hot air cloth plate 2 is evenly spaced with lifting air caps 3. The top of the lifting air cap 3 is spaced with air outlets 301, and the bottom is fixedly connected with a limiting ring 302 to limit its upward movement away from the hot air cloth plate 2. The bottom wall of the hot air cloth plate 2 is provided with a limiting piece 202 for each lifting air cap 3 to limit the lifting air cap 3 from moving downward away from the hot air cloth plate 2. When the lifting air cap 3 contacts the limiting piece 202, the top of the lifting air cap 3 is flush with the top surface of the hot air cloth plate 2. The lifting air cap 3 can be pushed down by the scraper 602 to a state flush with the top surface of the hot air cloth plate 2 to ensure that the scraper 602 can fully scrape the material on the surface of the hot air cloth plate 2.

[0043] Furthermore, the hot air distribution plate 2 is also provided with a receiving groove 201 at the corresponding position of each lifting air cap 3. When the lifting air cap 3 is pressed down by the shovel 602, the air outlet 301 is located at the bottom of the receiving groove 201. At this time, the airflow blown out by the lifting air cap 3 can effectively clean and blow out the material in the receiving groove 201, preventing the material from accumulating in the receiving groove 201. The receiving groove 201 is designed to prevent the material from getting stuck in the gap between the lifting air cap 3 and the hot air distribution plate 2. When material enters the gap between the two, it will first fall into the receiving groove 201 and accumulate. However, since the lifting air cap 3 is pressed down regularly, and the airflow cleans the receiving groove 201 when it is pressed down, the stable lifting of the lifting air cap 3 can be well guaranteed.

[0044] For details regarding the above embodiments, please refer to [link / reference]. Figures 6-12 , Figure 22 The side wall of the rotating shaft 5 is provided with connecting ears 501 radially. All stirring rods 6 pass through the connecting ears 501 and are slidably connected to the connecting ears 501. The tension spring 7 is coaxially arranged with the stirring rod 6, with one end connected to the end plate 601 and the other end connected to the connecting ear 501. A corrugated cover 8 is coaxially sleeved between the end plate 601 and the connecting ear 501 and the tension spring 7. The corrugated cover 8 is used to protect the tension spring 7 between the connecting ear 501 and the end plate 601. Specifically, the tension spring 7 is not one-to-one with each stirring rod 6, but is spaced along the axis of the rotating shaft 5 to avoid affecting the normal rotation of the stirring rod 6 due to excessive elasticity of the tension spring 7.

[0045] Specifically, stirring blades 1101 are provided between two adjacent stirring rods 6, and their width is the same as the spacing between the two adjacent stirring rods 6. At least two stirring blades 1101 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the sliding rod 11, and no more than four. This ensures that the stirring blades 1101 have a good ability to disperse large pieces of material, while also ensuring that when the stirring rod 6 pushes the sliding rod 11 to the top of the first chute 902, the stirring blades 1101 will not interfere with the separation of the stirring rod 6 and the sliding rod 11. When the number of stirring blades 1101 arranged along the circumference is one, it is difficult to maintain a good dispersion efficiency of the material during the rotation of the sliding rod 11. When the number of stirring blades 1101 exceeds four, the spade 602 at the end of the stirring rod 6 contacts and pushes the sliding rod 11, and the spade 602 gets stuck when the two are about to separate, making it impossible for the two to separate smoothly. Therefore, in this embodiment, the stirring blades 1101 are preferably arranged at equal intervals along the circumference in three pieces.

[0046] Furthermore, each shovel 602 can contact more than half the area of ​​the hot air distribution plate 2 during the rotation of the stirring rod 6. The stirring rods 6 connected to the two rotating shafts 5 will not interfere with or collide with each other, so that the entire area of ​​the hot air distribution plate 2 can be fully cleaned and stirred with the cooperation of the two sets of stirring rods 6 to prevent material accumulation. The side wall of the drying chamber 1 is provided with an observation window 101 for observing the internal situation. The side of the observation window 101 near the inner wall of the drying chamber 1 is flush with the side wall of the drying chamber 1. While observing the material situation in the drying chamber 1 through the observation window 101, it is possible to avoid material residue in the gap between the observation window 101 and the inner wall of the drying chamber 1.

[0047] Second embodiment: A fluidized bed dryer for coal chemical industry, please refer to [link / reference]. Figures 1-22 Based on the first embodiment, the difference from the first embodiment is that a cold air distribution plate 4 is provided at one end of the hot air distribution plate 2 near the rotary discharge valve 15 in the drying chamber 1. The cold air distribution plate 4 does not adopt the lifting air cap 3 scheme, but uses the mature air distribution plate in the prior art. The bottom surface of the cold air distribution plate 4 is provided with a cold air supply source to cool the material that is about to leave the drying chamber 1 and prevent the high temperature material from becoming damp after being discharged.

[0048] Specifically, the bottom ends of the hot air distribution plate 2 and the cold air distribution plate 4 are respectively provided with different air guide boxes 24. The bottom end of the air guide box 24 is connected to a control valve 23, which is used to control the flow of air through the air guide box 24. The air guide boxes 24 corresponding to the hot air distribution plate 2 are all connected to the hot air mixing pipe 20, and the air guide box 24 corresponding to the cold air distribution plate 4 is connected to the cold air mixing pipe 21. The hot air mixing pipe 20 is connected to the hot air delivery pipe 18 in the radial direction. The end of the hot air delivery pipe 18 is provided with a hot air inlet 17, which is connected to a dry hot air source.

[0049] Furthermore, the hot air delivery pipe 18 is laterally connected to one end of the cooling air supply pipe 19, and the other end of the cooling air supply pipe 19 is connected to the cold air mixing pipe 21. The outer wall of the cooling air supply pipe 19 is provided with finned rings at intervals along its own length to reduce the temperature of the airflow inside the cooling air supply pipe 19. No additional dry cold air source is required; hot air is directly introduced for cooling, effectively reducing the installation cost of the entire system.

[0050] Third embodiment: A fluidized bed dryer for coal chemical industry, please refer to [link / reference]. Figures 1-22 Based on the second embodiment, the difference from the second embodiment is that the fixed box 9 is also provided with a second slide groove 903 along its own length direction. The width of the second slide groove 903 is greater than that of the first slide groove 902, and a reversing box 12 is slidably arranged inside it. The reversing box 12 is provided with a coaxial reversing mechanism, and the two ends of the coaxial reversing mechanism are respectively connected to the sliding rod 11 and the gear 10. When the reversing box 12 contacts the upper surface of the second slide groove 903, the sliding rod 11 contacts the upper surface of the first slide groove 902. When the reversing box 12 contacts the lower surface of the second slide groove 903, the sliding rod 11 contacts the lower surface of the first slide groove 902, so that the stirring plate 1101 can rotate in a rotation mode opposite to the corresponding rotating shaft 5, further improving the ability of the stirring plate 1101 to break up large pieces of material.

[0051] Specifically, the coaxial reversing mechanism is a helical gear reversing structure. Gear 10 is coaxially connected to a helical gear, and sliding rod 11 is also coaxially connected to a helical gear. These two helical gears mesh with a third helical gear located in reversing box 12. Gear 10 and sliding rod 11 are coaxial, and the axis of the third helical gear is orthogonal to the axis of sliding rod 11. During the sliding of sliding rod 11, since reversing box 12 also needs to maintain contact with the second slide groove 903 and cannot rotate, it can ensure that sliding rod 11 can rotate in the opposite direction to the rotation direction of the corresponding rotating shaft 5, so that the stirring blade 1101 on sliding rod 11 can more fully squeeze and shear large clumps of material, and the dispersing effect is more significant.

[0052] In practical operation, this invention: The material to be dried is fed into the drying chamber 1 through the rotary feeder 14 and falls onto the hot air distribution plate 2. The air guide box 24 corresponding to the hot air distribution plate 2 is introduced into the chamber through the hot air mixing pipe 20 and the hot air conveying pipe 18. The hot air passes through the lifting air cap 3 on the hot air distribution plate 2 and is discharged from the air outlet 301, so that the material forms a fluidized boiling state on the hot air distribution plate 2, and the material is initially dried by contact with the high temperature hot air. Two parallel rotating shafts 5 rotate synchronously in opposite directions, causing the stirring rod 6, which is slidably connected to them, to make a circular motion. The stirring rod 6 slides with the rotating shaft 5 through the connecting ear 501. The tension spring 7 between the end plate 601 and the connecting ear 501 provides elastic tension, ensuring that the spatula 602 at the end of the stirring rod 6 can be in close contact with the hot air distribution plate 2. The corrugated cover 8 can prevent dust from entering the tension spring 7 and affecting its elastic performance. When the spade 602 contacts the surface of the hot air distribution plate 2, the stirring rod 6 will slide as the rotating shaft 5 continues to rotate, the end plate 601 will move away from the connecting ear 501, and the tension spring 7 will be stretched. This ensures that the spade 602 maintains stable contact with the surface of the hot air distribution plate during the rotation of the rotating shaft 5. When the spade 602 contacts the lifting cap 3, it can be pressed down to ensure that the spade 602 and the hot air distribution plate 2 have no gaps in contact. The lifting cap 3 is limited in height by the limiting ring 302 and the limiting piece 202, which does not affect the flow of hot air and also prevents it from falling off. When the rotating shaft 5 rotates to the state where the stirring rod 6 is perpendicular to the hot air distribution plate 2, the tension spring 7 is at its maximum deformation. As the rotating shaft 5 continues to rotate, the tension spring 7 will continue to contract and recover. When the shovel 602 moves to the junction of the side wall of the drying chamber 1 and the hot air distribution plate 2, the tension spring 7 is in an undeformed state. As the rotating shaft 5 continues to rotate, the shovel 602 will contact the side wall of the drying chamber 1, and the tension spring 7 will be pulled. During this rotation, the stirring rod 6 agitates the material on the hot air distribution plate 2 in the drying chamber 1 and also shovels up large pieces of material. When the stirring rod 6 rotates to contact the sliding rod 11 located at the bottom of the fixed box 9, as the stirring rod 6 continues to rotate, it can push the sliding rod 11 to adhere to the upper surface of the first slide groove 902, so that the gear 10 and the rack 901 can engage. During the continued rotation of the stirring rod 6, the sliding rod 11 can slide obliquely upward by the stirring rod 6, and at the same time rotate around its own axis, further dispersing large pieces of material. When the sliding rod 11 slides to the top of the first slide groove 902, the stirring plate 1101 does not contact the stirring rod 6, and the end of the stirring rod 6 will pass the sliding rod 11 at this time, and can no longer push the sliding rod 11. After the stirring rod 6 disengages, the sliding rod 11 will adhere to the lower surface of the second slide groove 903 under its own gravity and slide downward to reset. In this way, one stirring cycle of the stirring rod 6 is completed. The stirring rod 6 on the other side of the drying chamber 1 is the same. The two sets of stirring rods 6 do not interfere with each other and can fully disperse and stir the material in the drying chamber 1.

[0053] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, these specific embodiments are merely explanations of the invention and are not intended to limit it. The specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art may make modifications, substitutions, and variations to the embodiments as needed without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, but such modifications, substitutions, and variations are protected by patent law as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fluidized bed dryer for coal chemical industry, characterized in that, include: The drying chamber (1) is equipped with two rotating shafts (5) that are parallel to each other and rotate in opposite directions. Each rotating shaft (5) is slidably connected to a stirring rod (6) in a direction parallel to its own radial direction. One end of the stirring rod (6) is connected to a shovel (602) for contacting the hot air distribution plate (2) set in the drying chamber (1), and the other end is connected to an end piece (601). A tension spring (7) is connected between the end piece (601) and the side wall of the rotating shaft (5). When the shovel (602) is located at the junction of the side wall of the drying chamber (1) and the hot air distribution plate (2), the tension spring (7) is in an undeformed state. A fixed box (9) is provided with a sliding rod (11) that can be pushed by a stirring rod (6) inside the fixed box (9). Gears (10) are fixedly connected to both ends of the sliding rod (11). During the process of the stirring rod (6) pushing the sliding rod (11), the gear (10) can mesh with the rack (901) provided in the fixed box (9). During the process of the sliding rod (11) sliding and resetting under its own gravity, the rack (901) does not contact the gear (10). The sliding rod (11) is provided with stirring blades (1101) at intervals along its own axial direction.

2. The fluidized bed dryer for coal chemical industry according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hot air distribution plate (2) is evenly spaced with lifting air caps (3). The top of each lifting air cap (3) is spaced with an air outlet (301), and a limiting ring (302) is fixedly connected to the bottom to restrict itself from moving upward away from the hot air distribution plate (2). The bottom wall of the hot air distribution plate (2) is provided with a limiting piece (202) for each lifting air cap (3) to restrict the lifting air cap (3) from moving downward away from the hot air distribution plate (2). When the lifting air cap (3) contacts the limiting piece (202), the top of the lifting air cap (3) is flush with the top surface of the hot air distribution plate (2).

3. The fluidized bed dryer for coal chemical industry according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side wall of the rotating shaft (5) is provided with a connecting ear (501) in the radial direction. The stirring rods (6) all pass through the connecting ear (501) and are slidably connected to the connecting ear (501). The tension spring (7) is coaxially arranged with the stirring rod (6), and one end of it is connected to the end piece (601), while the other end is connected to the connecting ear (501). A corrugated cover (8) is coaxially sleeved between the end piece (601) and the connecting ear (501) on the tension spring (7).

4. The fluidized bed dryer for coal chemical industry according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stirring blades (1101) are provided between two adjacent stirring rods (6), and the width is the same as the distance between the two adjacent stirring rods (6). There are at least two stirring blades (1101) and no more than four stirring blades (1101) arranged circumferentially along the sliding rod (11).

5. The fluidized bed dryer for coal chemical industry according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fixing box (9) is arranged in a figure-eight shape at the end of the drying chamber (1). The bottoms of the two fixing boxes (9) at the same end of the drying chamber (1) are close to each other, and the tops are far apart. The fixing box (9) is provided with a first sliding groove (902) along its own length direction. The width of the first sliding groove (902) is greater than the diameter of the sliding rod (11). When the sliding rod (11) contacts the upper surface of the first sliding groove (902), the gear (10) and the rack (901) mesh with each other. When the sliding rod (11) contacts the lower surface of the first sliding groove (902), the sliding rod (11) slides down and resets under its own gravity.

6. The fluidized bed dryer for coal chemical industry according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fixed box (9) is also provided with a second slide groove (903) along its own length direction. The width of the second slide groove (903) is greater than that of the first slide groove (902), and a reversing box (12) is slidably arranged inside it. A coaxial reversing mechanism is provided inside the reversing box (12), and the two ends of the coaxial reversing mechanism are respectively connected to a sliding rod (11) and a gear (10). When the reversing box (12) contacts the upper surface of the second slide groove (903), the sliding rod (11) contacts the upper surface of the first slide groove (902). When the reversing box (12) contacts the lower surface of the second slide groove (903), the sliding rod (11) contacts the lower surface of the first slide groove (902).

7. The fluidized bed dryer for coal chemical industry according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the drying chamber (1) is provided with a rotary feeder (14) for feeding materials into the drying chamber (1), and a rotary discharge valve (15) for discharging materials is installed at the other end. A cold air distribution plate (4) is provided at the end of the hot air distribution plate (2) near the rotary discharge valve (15) of the drying chamber (1). A cold air supply source is provided on the bottom surface of the cold air distribution plate (4).

8. The fluidized bed dryer for coal chemical industry according to claim 7, characterized in that: The bottom ends of the hot air distribution plate (2) and the cold air distribution plate (4) are respectively provided with different air guide boxes (24). The air guide boxes (24) corresponding to the hot air distribution plate (2) are all connected to the hot air mixing pipe (20). The air guide boxes (24) corresponding to the cold air distribution plate (4) are connected to the cold air mixing pipe (21). The hot air mixing pipe (20) is connected to the hot air conveying pipe (18) in the radial direction. The hot air conveying pipe (18) is connected to one end of the cooling air supply pipe (19) in the side. The other end of the cooling air supply pipe (19) is connected to the cold air mixing pipe (21). The outer wall of the cooling air supply pipe (19) is provided with fin rings at intervals along its own length direction to reduce the airflow temperature inside the cooling air supply pipe (19).

9. The fluidized bed dryer for coal chemical industry according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the shovels (602) can contact the hot air distribution plate (2) during the rotation of the stirring rod (6) with an area exceeding half of the area of ​​the hot air distribution plate (2) itself, and the stirring rods (6) connected by the two rotating shafts (5) will not interfere with or collide with each other.

10. The fluidized bed dryer for coal chemical industry according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drying chamber (1) has an observation window (101) on its side wall for observing the internal conditions. The side of the observation window (101) near the inner wall of the drying chamber (1) is flush with the side wall of the drying chamber (1).

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