A flexible energy storage device and a flexible energy storage method with wide temperature range cold and heat co-storage

Abstract

The application provides a flexible energy storage device and a flexible energy storage method in a wide temperature range, and the device comprises a plurality of unit boxes, each of which is hollow and has a filler space, a medium fluid channel and a variable pipe are arranged through each filler space, and a conduction opening for adjusting the penetration of the variable medium and the filler space is further arranged on the variable pipe; the filler space is filled with energy storage material, and the medium fluid channel is arranged to flow cold / heat fluid. The flexible energy storage device and the flexible energy storage method utilize the cold / heat energy storage technologies such as sensible heat, latent heat and dissolution heat, and significantly improve the energy storage density. Under the action of the medium fluid channel and the variable pipe, the energy storage material in the filler space can form a plurality of forms of the energy storage material, the mixture of the energy storage material and the water / low-concentration salt water solution, expand the energy storage temperature range, and realize the cold / heat co-storage of-20 DEG C to 200 DEG C.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of heat exchange equipment technology, and in particular to a flexible energy storage device and method for wide-temperature-range co-storage of heat and cold. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, technologies for recovering industrial waste heat for use in public / civilian building heating / cooling mainly revolve around system integration of heat exchangers and absorption chillers / heat pumps, storing heat through water, thermal oil, molten salt, etc. These technologies are limited in their heat storage capacity by a narrow temperature range. For example, water pressure increases at higher temperatures; molten salt solidifies at lower temperatures; and there are economic and safety concerns throughout the life cycle, such as the high cost of thermal oil, its chemical instability at high temperatures, and the risk of combustion / explosion after air / water infiltration. Therefore, multi-material systems are typically required for heat storage over a wider temperature range, and the materials themselves do not possess significant cold storage performance.

[0003] For example, CN223179373U discloses a plate-type phase change energy storage heat exchange core. The core includes multiple energy storage heat exchange plates stacked from top to bottom. A first medium channel is formed between two adjacent energy storage heat exchange plates and two sealing strips. The energy storage heat exchange plates have spaced-apart second medium channels and phase change energy storage material cavities. Heat exchange is performed between the first medium and the second medium and the phase change energy storage material, resulting in a compact device structure and high heat exchange efficiency. However, this structure stores the thermal energy of a single phase change energy storage material during the heat storage process, which leads to a narrow energy storage temperature range.

[0004] For example, CN223154077U discloses a phase change energy storage plate with a single channel layer inside the plate, comprising multiple phase change energy storage material channels arranged side-by-side and sealed at both ends; or a plate with two channels from top to bottom, one channel being a phase change energy storage material channel and the other a medium channel open at both ends; or a plate with three channels from top to bottom, the middle layer being a phase change energy storage material channel and the upper and lower layers being medium channels open at both ends; or a plate with two channels from top to bottom, each layer having alternating medium channels and phase change energy storage material channels, with the medium channels in the upper and lower layers staggered. Through the staggered and multi-layered distribution of medium channels and phase change energy storage material channels, heat exchange / cooling and energy storage efficiency are effectively improved. Although this scheme designs various medium channels and phase change energy storage material channels, even with a multi-layered distribution, for a single-layer phase change energy storage material channel, its fundamental purpose is still thermal storage of the phase change energy storage material, and the problem of a narrow energy storage temperature range still exists. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: in order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a flexible energy storage device and flexible energy storage method with wide temperature range cold and heat co-storage. The properties of a single energy storage material are further broadened, so that the single energy storage material becomes a single material system. Its energy storage temperature range is broadened due to the broadening of properties, realizing low-cost, high-density and flexible storage of low temperature (-20℃~0℃), refrigeration (-5℃~RT room temperature), low-temperature heat (RT room temperature~90℃), and medium-temperature heat (100℃~200℃).

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is: a flexible energy storage device with wide temperature range for both cold and hot storage, comprising several unit boxes, each unit box being hollow inside and having a filling space, each filling space having a medium fluid channel and a deformable pipeline running through it, one end of the medium fluid channel being a medium fluid inlet and the other end being a medium fluid outlet, one end of the deformable pipeline having an inlet / outlet, and a connecting port on the deformable pipeline for adjustable connection between the deformable pipeline and the filling space; the filling space is filled with energy storage material, the amount of energy storage material being less than the volume of the filling space, the remaining volume in the filling space forming a reserved expansion space, and the medium fluid channel having cold / hot fluid flowing through it.

[0007] In the above scheme, for the energy storage material filled in the packing space, a modified pipeline is designed. The modified pipeline can serve as an inlet and outlet channel for the modified medium. When necessary, it can be introduced to form a mixture with the energy storage material, thereby widening the energy storage temperature range. During this process, the medium fluid channel introduces cold / hot fluid during hot and cold energy storage, allowing the energy storage material or mixture to exchange heat for energy storage and release operations. On the other hand, the medium fluid channel can provide a heat source for the mixture to be reduced back into the energy storage material. When the heat source flows through the medium fluid channel, it exchanges heat with the mixture, causing the mixture to flash evaporate and be reduced back into the energy storage material and the modified medium. The modified medium is then discharged through the modified pipeline.

[0008] Furthermore, the modified pipeline includes a liquid filling and venting pipe, which is equipped with several spray heads. The inlet / outlet is located on one side of the liquid filling and venting pipe, and the spray head is a guide port.

[0009] Preferably, the flexible energy storage device has multiple unit boxes, with the medium fluid channels of adjacent unit boxes connected in series or parallel, and the deformable pipelines of adjacent unit boxes connected in series or parallel. By adjusting the number of units in the device, the operating stage of each unit can be controlled, achieving flexible adaptation to the energy storage needs of application scenarios and flexible matching of energy storage capacity.

[0010] Furthermore, the flexible energy storage device also includes a main housing, with multiple unit housings stacked sequentially inside the main housing. Each unit housing has a support foot fixed at the top and bottom apex positions along its circumference. The support foot has mounting holes. When two adjacent unit housings are stacked, the support feet at the apex positions abut against each other and are fixed by bolt assemblies that mate with the mounting holes on the two support feet.

[0011] Furthermore, each unit is equipped with a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, and a liquid level sensor to detect the pressure, temperature, and liquid level information within the unit, respectively.

[0012] A flexible energy storage method for wide-temperature-range cold and heat co-storage involves filling an energy storage material into a sealed filling space. The filling space is equipped with a medium fluid channel and a deformable pipeline. The medium fluid channel is physically isolated from and exchanges with the energy storage material, while the deformable pipeline is tunably connected to the energy storage material.

[0013] Furthermore, the modified pipeline is closed, and the medium fluid is introduced into the medium fluid channel. When the medium fluid flows through the packing space, it exchanges heat with the energy storage material.

[0014] Furthermore, the modified pipeline is opened, and the modified medium is introduced into the energy storage material in the packing space. The modified medium and the energy storage material form a mixture. The medium fluid is introduced into the medium fluid channel. The temperature of the medium fluid is lower than the evaporation temperature of the modified material. When the medium fluid flows through the packing space, it exchanges heat with the mixture.

[0015] Furthermore, the modified pipeline is opened, and the modified medium is introduced into the energy storage material in the packing space. The modified medium and the energy storage material form a mixture. The medium fluid is introduced into the medium fluid channel. The temperature of the medium fluid is not lower than the evaporation temperature of the modified material. When the medium fluid flows through the packing space, it exchanges heat with the mixture. The modified medium in the mixture flashes and is discharged through the modified pipeline. The mixture is reduced to the energy storage material.

[0016] Preferably, the denaturing medium is water or a low-concentration saline solution. When the denaturing pipeline is opened, the denaturing medium combines with the energy storage material to form a mixed solution. The denaturing pipeline can be opened and closed as needed according to energy storage requirements, expanding the single-material energy storage system into a mixture of single-material energy storage material and water / low-concentration saline solution, effectively broadening the energy storage temperature range. When it is necessary to reduce the energy storage material, a high-temperature medium fluid can be introduced to flash-evaporate the mixed solution. The water in the mixed solution is evaporated and discharged through the denaturing pipeline, thus reducing the energy storage material.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are that it provides a flexible energy storage device and method for wide-temperature-range co-storage of cold and heat. (1) By comprehensively utilizing sensible heat, latent heat and heat of solution, etc., cold / heat energy storage technology has been significantly improved. Under the action of medium fluid channel and modified pipeline, the energy storage material in the filling space can form various forms such as energy storage material and mixture of energy storage material + water / low concentration salt solution, thus expanding the energy storage temperature range and realizing cold and heat co-storage from -20℃ to 200℃. (2) The device adopts a modular design, and the capacity requirements of energy storage application scenarios can be more flexibly adapted by setting up several unit boxes; (3) Several unit boxes are stacked together in a compact integrated design, which simplifies system components, reduces equipment costs, and reduces unnecessary dead capacity and thermal inertia; (4) Adjust the medium passing through the medium fluid channel as needed, and control the opening and closing of the modified pipeline as needed to achieve multi-mode operation and be compatible with various energy storage needs. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the device in this invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a perspective view of the device in this invention (the main body is not shown).

[0021] Figure 3 This is a top view (including internal perspective) of the device in this invention.

[0022] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Sectional view of AA.

[0023] In the diagram: 1. Unit housing; 2. Modified pipeline; 3. Medium fluid channel; 4. Packing space; 5. Energy storage material; 6. Pressure sensor; 7. Temperature sensor; 8. Liquid level sensor; 9. Expansion space; 10. Spray head; 11. Main housing; 12. Support feet. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are simplified schematic diagrams, illustrating only the basic structure of the invention in a schematic manner. Therefore, they only show the components relevant to the invention, and the orientations and references (e.g., up, down, left, right, etc.) are only used to aid in the description of the features in the drawings. Therefore, the following specific embodiments are not intended to be limiting, and the scope of the claimed subject matter is defined solely by the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0025] like Figures 1 to 4The flexible energy storage device with wide temperature range for both cold and heat storage shown is an embodiment of the device of the present invention. The flexible energy storage device includes a main housing 11, within which multiple unit housings 1 are stacked sequentially from top to bottom. Each unit housing 1 has a support leg 12 fixed at its upper and lower apex positions along its circumference. The support leg 12 has mounting holes. When two adjacent unit housings 1 are stacked, the support legs 12 at their apex positions abut against each other and are fixed by bolt assemblies that mate with the mounting holes on the two support legs 12.

[0026] Each unit housing 1 is hollow inside and has a filling space 4. The filling space 4 is filled with energy storage material 5 and is equipped with a set of pressure sensors 6, a set of temperature sensors 7, and a set of liquid level sensors 8 to detect the pressure, temperature, and liquid level information inside the unit housing 1, respectively. Each unit housing 1 also has an expansion space 9. In actual filling, the amount of energy storage material is less than the volume of the filling space 4, and the remaining volume in the filling space 4 forms the reserved expansion space 9.

[0027] The volume occupied by the expansion space 9 can be designed according to the state and characteristics of the energy storage material to ensure that the energy storage material will not be squeezed and deformed in the filling space 4 when it is heated and expanded or when it comes into contact with the denatured medium. Sufficient space is reserved to avoid the change in filling volume caused by heating and denaturation from affecting the stability and reliability of the unit box 1.

[0028] When the energy storage material is powder or granules, 30-50% of the cavity volume needs to be reserved inside the filling space 4 of each unit box 1. For example, if the powder density is 0.6 g / cm³... 3 The volume is denoted as V; the solubility of the powder is 0.36 g / g; the volume of the water is approximately 1.67 V; at this point, the reserved space is 0.67 V, which occupies 40% of the cavity.

[0029] When the energy storage material is crystalline particles, 40-70% of the cavity volume needs to be reserved inside the filling space 4 of each unit box 1.

[0030] When the energy storage material is a solution, 3-10% of the cavity volume needs to be reserved inside the filling space 4 of each unit box 1. For example, if the solution density is 1.15 g / cm³... 3 When the temperature increases by 90℃, the density decreases by approximately 0.04 g / cm³. 3 The reserved space accounts for 3.3% of the cavity.

[0031] When the energy storage material is molten salt, 10-15% of the cavity volume needs to be reserved inside the filling space 4 of each unit box 1. For example, the solid density of molten salt is 1.45 g / cm³. 3 Melt density 1.28 g / cm³ 3 The reserved expansion space accounts for 11.7% of the cavity.

[0032] Each packing space 4 is equipped with a medium fluid channel 3 and a modified pipeline 2. One end of the medium fluid channel 3 is the medium fluid inlet, and the other end is the medium fluid outlet. The medium fluid inlet is connected to a storage tank for storing cold / hot fluid, and the medium fluid outlet is also connected to a storage tank for storing cold / hot fluid after heat exchange. Pumps to power the medium flow can be designed on the inlet and outlet pipelines as needed. One end of the modified pipeline 2 is an inlet / outlet, connected to a modified medium storage container. A pump to power the modified medium can be designed on this external pipeline according to the input requirements of the modified medium. A connecting port is also provided on the modified pipeline 2 to allow adjustable connection between the modified pipeline 2 and the packing space 4. The filling space 4 is filled with energy storage material 5. In this embodiment, the energy storage material 5 is a powder, granule, or block structure, and can preferably be a sugar alcohol, ammonium salt, or nitrate. The sugar alcohol can be erythritol or xylitol, the ammonium salt can be ammonium chloride or ammonium cyanide, and the nitrate can be ammonium nitrate or potassium nitrate. The medium fluid channel 3 is provided with cold / hot fluid.

[0033] In this embodiment, the denaturing pipeline 2 includes a liquid filling and venting pipe, on which several spray heads 10 are provided. The inlet / outlet is located at one end of the liquid filling and venting pipe. The spray heads 10 are conductive ports, which can be opened or closed according to actual needs to achieve the connection and isolation between the denaturing pipeline 2 and the packing space 4. When the denaturing medium enters the packing space 4, the spray heads 10 form a flow channel from the liquid filling and venting pipe to the packing space 4. During the regeneration stage (reduction stage), the spray head 10 forms a flow channel from the packing space 4 to the liquid filling and venting pipe. That is, the denaturing medium gas generated during the regeneration stage (reduction stage) returns to the liquid filling and venting pipe through the spray head 10 and then returns to the external denaturing medium storage container for storing the denaturing medium through the inlet / outlet.

[0034] The medium fluid channels 3 of adjacent unit boxes 1 are connected in series or parallel, and the modified pipelines 2 of adjacent unit boxes 1 are also connected in series or parallel. In actual design, each unit box 1 can be equipped with independently controlled on / off valves on its corresponding medium fluid channel 3 and modified pipeline 2. This allows for consistent or independent operation depending on actual needs, facilitating device maintenance, upgrades, and adjustments to the number of unit boxes 1. It also allows for easy control of the operating phase of each unit, achieving flexible adaptation to energy storage requirements in application scenarios and flexible matching of energy storage capacity.

[0035] The core of the device's design lies in introducing a modifying medium into the energy storage material 5 inside the unit box 1, thereby changing the properties of the filling material inside the unit box 1. By using a mixture, a single material is expanded into a single material system, namely a mixture of a single material and water, thus realizing flexible co-storage of cold and heat in a wide temperature range for a single material system, flexibly matching demand and capacity.

[0036] In selecting the denaturing medium, water or a low-concentration salt solution can be used. Water is the optimal choice, as it dissolves the energy storage material 5 to form a mixed solution. This mixed solution can effectively reduce the energy storage material 5 during the reduction phase, while the water is flash-evaporated and returned to its original position. However, in practical applications, where high purity of pure water / distilled water is required, a low-concentration salt solution can be used. The salt in the low-concentration salt solution can be, but is not limited to, NaCl or KCl. The concentration of the low-concentration salt solution needs further clarification. When using a low-concentration salt solution as the denaturing medium, during the reduction process after the energy storage material 5 is introduced into the solution, the water is flash-evaporated back, leaving the salt in the packing space 4. Excessively high solution concentration or multiple cycles will result in excessive salt retention in the packing space 4, causing a change in the temperature range of the actual retained material in the packing space 4 relative to the original energy storage material 5. Therefore, when using a low-concentration salt solution as the denaturing medium, its concentration needs to be controlled to no more than 1 mmol / mol to ensure that the amount of residual salt after reduction is minimal within the effective number of cycles and will not affect the temperature zone. If the effective number of cycles is exceeded, the unit housing 1 will reach the end of its service life and needs to be maintained and replaced.

[0037] When using KCl as the salt in a low-concentration brine solution, considering impurities at a concentration of 1 mmol / mol water, and assuming an expansion space of 30% for expansion space 4, the effective cycle count for unit tank 1 is over 300 cycles. When using NaCl as the salt in a low-concentration brine solution, considering impurities at a concentration of 0.5 mmol / mol water, and assuming an expansion space of 35% for expansion space 4, the effective cycle count for unit tank 1 is over 500 cycles. When using a low-concentration brine solution as the denaturing medium, it is preferable to use a controlled impurity (salt) concentration below 0.2 mmol / mol water, resulting in an effective cycle count for unit tank 1 of 800 to 1000 cycles or more. This extends the service life / effective cycle count of unit tank 1 while reducing the purity requirements of the introduced denaturing medium.

[0038] In this embodiment, the filling space 4 is filled with energy storage material, and the unfilled volume of the filling space 4 serves as a reserved expansion space 9. In actual filling, the energy storage material is filled into the filling space 4, leaving space above the energy storage material to form the expansion space 9. The medium fluid channel 3 is positioned to penetrate the location filled with energy storage material, while the modified pipeline 2 is positioned above the expansion space 9 corresponding to the energy storage material.

[0039] For unit housing 1, the energy storage material 5 is filled in the filling space 4. Energy storage material 5 itself possesses an energy storage temperature range. During device operation, a denaturing medium (water or a low-concentration salt solution) is introduced through the denaturing pipe 2. The denaturing medium and energy storage material 5 form a mixed solution, which possesses another energy storage temperature range. Thus, the energy storage temperature range of unit housing 1 is expanded from the single energy storage temperature range of energy storage material 5 itself to a superposition of the energy storage temperature range of energy storage material 5 and the mixed solution energy storage temperature range, effectively expanding the energy storage temperature range and achieving wide-temperature-range energy storage. During the process of energy storage material 5 dissolving and mixing with the denaturing medium to form a mixed solution, energy storage material 5 is dissolved, releasing cold energy during the dissolution process. This not only expands the energy storage temperature range but also generates a cold release action during the expansion process.

[0040] Simultaneously, cold / hot fluids can be used in the flowing medium of the medium fluid channel 3. During cold / hot energy storage, the medium fluid channel 3 introduces cold / hot fluids to allow heat exchange between the energy storage material 5 or the mixture, enabling energy storage and release operations. On the other hand, the medium fluid channel 3 can provide a heat source for the mixture to be reduced to the energy storage material 5. As the heat source flows through the medium fluid channel 3, it exchanges heat with the mixture, causing flash evaporation and reduction to the energy storage material 5 and the modified medium. The modified medium is discharged through the modified pipe 2, thus completing the cold / hot co-storage and realizing the reduction operation from the mixed solution to the energy storage material 5.

[0041] This embodiment provides a flexible energy storage method for wide-temperature-range cold and heat co-storage. Its core is to fill the energy storage material 5 into a sealed filling space 4. The filling space 4 is provided with a medium fluid channel 3 and a deformable pipeline 2. The medium fluid channel 3 is physically isolated from the energy storage material 5 and exchanges with it, while the deformable pipeline 2 is tunably connected to the energy storage material 5.

[0042] When the modified pipeline 2 is closed, during energy storage / release, the medium fluid is introduced into the medium fluid channel 3. When the medium fluid flows through the packing space 4, it exchanges heat with the energy storage material 5.

[0043] When the modified pipeline 2 is opened, during energy storage / release, the modified medium is introduced into the energy storage material 5 in the packing space 4 through the modified pipeline 2. The modified medium and the energy storage material 5 form a mixture. The medium fluid is introduced into the medium fluid channel 3. The temperature of the medium fluid is lower than the evaporation temperature of the modified material. When the medium fluid flows through the packing space 4, it exchanges heat with the mixture.

[0044] When the modified pipeline 2 is opened, during reduction, the modified medium is introduced into the energy storage material 5 in the packing space 4 through the modified pipeline 2. The modified medium and the energy storage material 5 form a mixture. The medium fluid is introduced into the medium fluid channel 3. The temperature of the medium fluid is not lower than the evaporation temperature of the modified material. When the medium fluid flows through the packing space 4, it exchanges heat with the mixture. The modified medium in the mixture flashes and is discharged through the modified pipeline 2. The mixture is reduced to the energy storage material 5.

[0045] The denaturing medium is water. When denaturing pipe 2 is opened, the denaturing medium combines with the energy storage material 5 to form a mixed solution. Denaturing pipe 2 can be opened and closed as needed according to energy storage requirements, expanding the single-material energy storage material 5 into a single-material system (energy storage material 5 + water or low-concentration saline solution), effectively widening the energy storage temperature range. When it is necessary to reduce the energy storage material, a high-temperature medium fluid can be introduced to flash-evaporate the mixed solution. The water in the mixed solution is evaporated and discharged through denaturing pipe 2, and the energy storage material 5 is reduced.

[0046] Thus, the flexible energy storage device with wide-temperature-range cold and heat co-storage provided in this embodiment, under the design combined with the flexible energy storage device method, has the following workflow: (1) Cold storage stage 1 The filling space 4 is filled with energy storage material 5 in the form of powder, granules, or blocks; the modified pipeline 2 and the medium fluid channel 3 are closed; the temperature sensor 7 monitors the temperature of the filling space 4, which should be at room temperature. This stage mainly corresponds to the storage of cooling capacity (RT room temperature).

[0047] (2) Cold storage stage 2 The filling space 4 is filled with energy storage material 5, which has a powder, grain, or block structure; the modified pipeline 2 is closed; the medium fluid channel 3 is open, and the cold / hot fluid flowing in from the inlet of the medium fluid channel 3 is a cold fluid, such as water or an aqueous solution of ethylene glycol. After heat exchange with the energy storage material 5, the cold fluid flows out from the outlet of the medium fluid channel. During the process, the temperature sensor 7 monitors the temperature of the filling space 4, which should be below room temperature; if it approaches the temperature of the cold fluid at the inlet of the medium fluid channel 3, the cold storage stage is completely over; or if the temperature sensor 7 monitors it to be above the cold storage temperature, the cold storage stage ends. This stage mainly corresponds to low-temperature (-20℃~0℃) storage.

[0048] (3) Cold storage stage 3 The denaturing pipeline 2 is opened for a period of time to spray the denaturing medium, which is water, into the packing space 4. The pipeline is then closed. The packing space 4 contains a mixed solution of the energy storage material 5 and the denaturing medium. The medium fluid channel 3 is opened, and the cold / hot fluid flowing in from the inlet of the medium fluid channel 3 is a cold fluid, such as water or an aqueous solution of ethylene glycol. After heat exchange with the mixed solution, the cold fluid flows out from the outlet of the medium fluid channel 3. During this process, the temperature sensor 7 monitors the temperature of the packing space 4, which should be below room temperature. If the temperature approaches the temperature of the cold fluid at the inlet of the medium fluid channel 3, the cold storage stage is completely finished; or if the temperature sensor 7 detects that the temperature has risen above the cold storage temperature, the cold storage stage ends. This stage mainly corresponds to the storage of cold energy (-5℃ to room temperature).

[0049] (4) Cooling stage 1 The filling space 4 contains energy storage material 5 with a powder, granular, or block structure. The modifying pipe 2 is open, allowing the modified medium, such as water, to flow in / out. The modified medium enters the filling space 4 through the modified pipe 2 and the opening, where it dissolves the energy storage material 5, releasing cooling energy. At this time, the medium fluid channel 3 is opened, and a cold / hot fluid, such as water or an aqueous solution of ethylene glycol, flows in from the channel inlet. After heat exchange with the energy storage material 5 and a mixture of dissolved energy storage material 5, the refrigerant flows out from the outlet of the medium fluid channel 3 for cooling purposes. During this process, the temperature sensor 7 monitors the temperature of the filling space 4, which should be below room temperature. If the temperature returns to room temperature, the cooling release phase ends completely; or if the temperature sensor 7 monitors the temperature until it exceeds the restored cooling temperature, the cooling release phase ends; or if the liquid level sensor 8 monitors the liquid level until it reaches a set condition, the cooling release phase ends.

[0050] (5) Cooling stage 2 The packing space 4 contains a mixed solution of energy storage material 5 and a modified medium; the modified pipeline 2 is closed; the medium fluid channel 3 is open, and the cold / hot fluid flowing in from the inlet of the medium fluid channel 3 is a refrigerant, such as water or an aqueous solution of ethylene glycol. The refrigerant easily exchanges heat with the mixture and then flows out from the outlet of the medium fluid channel 3 for cooling purposes. During the process, the temperature sensor 7 monitors the temperature of the packing space 4, which should be below room temperature; if it returns to room temperature, the cooling release phase ends completely; or if the temperature sensor 7 monitors the temperature until it returns to above the cooling temperature, the cooling release phase ends.

[0051] (6) Cooling stage 3 The filling space 4 contains energy storage material 5 with a powder, grain, or block structure; the modified pipeline 2 is closed; the medium fluid channel 3 is open, and the cold / hot fluid flowing in from the inlet of the medium fluid channel 3 is a refrigerant, such as water or an aqueous solution of ethylene glycol. After heat exchange between the refrigerant and the energy storage material 5, it flows out from the outlet of the medium fluid channel 3 for cooling. During the process, the temperature sensor 7 monitors the temperature of the filling space 4, which should be below room temperature; if it returns to room temperature, the cooling release phase ends completely; or if the temperature sensor 7 monitors the temperature until it returns to above the cooling temperature, the cooling release phase ends.

[0052] (7) Heat storage stage 1 The packing space 4 contains energy storage material 5 with a powder, grain, or block structure; the modified pipeline 2 is closed; the medium fluid channel 3 is open, and the cold / hot fluid flowing in from the inlet of the medium fluid channel 3 is a hot fluid (e.g., water or heat transfer oil). After heat exchange with the energy storage material 5, the hot fluid flows out from the outlet of the medium fluid channel 3. During the process, the temperature sensor 7 monitors the temperature of the packing space 4, which should be higher than the ambient temperature. If the temperature approaches the temperature of the hot fluid at the inlet of the medium fluid channel 3, the heat storage stage ends completely; or if the temperature sensor 7 monitors the temperature to be above the heat storage temperature, the heat storage stage ends. This stage mainly corresponds to the storage of low-temperature heat (RT: room temperature ~ 90℃).

[0053] (8) Heat storage stage 2 The modified pipeline 2 is opened for a period of time to spray the modified medium, which is water, into the packing space 4. The modified pipeline 2 is then closed after a period of time. The packing space 4 contains a mixed solution of energy storage material 5 and the modified medium. The modified pipeline 2 is closed. The medium fluid channel 3 is opened, and the cold / hot fluid flowing in from the inlet of the medium fluid channel 3 is a hot fluid (e.g., water or heat transfer oil). After heat exchange with the mixed solution, the hot fluid flows out from the outlet of the medium fluid channel 3. During this process, the temperature sensor 7 monitors the temperature of the packing space 4, which should be higher than normal temperature. If the temperature approaches the temperature of the hot fluid at the inlet of the medium fluid channel 3, the heat storage stage ends completely; or if the temperature sensor 7 detects that the temperature exceeds the heat storage temperature, the heat storage stage ends; or if the pressure sensor 6 detects that the pressure reaches the set condition, the heat storage stage ends. This stage mainly corresponds to the storage of low-temperature heat (RT: room temperature ~ 90℃).

[0054] (9) Heat storage stage 3 The packing space 4 contains molten energy storage material 5; the modified pipeline 2 is closed; the medium fluid channel 3 is open, and the cold / hot fluid flowing in from the inlet of the medium fluid channel 3 is a hot fluid (e.g., water or heat transfer oil). After heat exchange with the molten energy storage material 5, the hot fluid flows out from the outlet of the medium fluid channel 3. During the process, the temperature sensor 7 monitors the temperature of the packing space 4, which should be higher than the ambient temperature. If the temperature approaches the temperature of the hot fluid at the inlet of the medium fluid channel 3, the heat storage stage ends completely; or if the temperature sensor 7 monitors the temperature to be above the heat storage temperature, the heat storage stage ends. This stage mainly corresponds to the storage of medium-temperature heat (100℃~200℃).

[0055] (10) Heat release stage 1 The packing space 4 contains an energy storage material 5 with a powder, grain, or block structure; the modified pipeline 2 is closed; the medium fluid channel 3 is open, and the cold / hot fluid flowing in from the inlet of the medium fluid channel 3 is a heat transfer agent (e.g., water or heat transfer oil) and flows out from the outlet of the medium fluid channel 3. During the process, the temperature sensor 7 monitors the temperature of the packing space 4, which should be higher than the ambient temperature; if it approaches the temperature of the heat transfer agent at the inlet of the medium fluid channel 3, the heat release stage ends completely; or if the temperature sensor 7 monitors it to be below the heating temperature, the heat release stage ends.

[0056] (11) Heat release stage 2 The packing space 4 contains molten energy storage material 5; the modified pipeline 2 is closed; the medium fluid channel 3 is open, and the cold / hot fluid flowing in from the inlet of the medium fluid channel 3 is a heat transfer agent (e.g., water or heat transfer oil). After heat exchange with the molten energy storage material 5, the heat transfer agent flows out from the outlet of the medium fluid channel 3. During the process, the temperature sensor 7 monitors the temperature of the packing space 4, which should be higher than the ambient temperature; if it approaches the temperature of the heat transfer agent at the inlet of the medium fluid channel 3, the heat release stage ends completely; or if the temperature sensor 7 monitors it and it falls below the heating temperature, the heat release stage ends.

[0057] (12) Heat release stage 3 The packing space 4 contains a mixed solution of energy storage material 5 and a modified medium; the modified pipeline 2 is closed; the medium fluid channel 3 is open, and the cold / hot fluid flowing in from the inlet of the medium fluid channel 3 is a heat transfer agent (e.g., water or heat transfer oil). After heat exchange with the mixed solution, the heat transfer agent flows out from the outlet of the medium fluid channel 3. During the process, the temperature sensor 7 monitors the temperature of the packing space 4, which should be higher than the ambient temperature; if it approaches the temperature of the heat transfer agent at the inlet of the medium fluid channel 3, the heat release stage ends completely; or if the temperature sensor 7 monitors it and it falls below the heating temperature, the heat release stage ends.

[0058] (13) Regeneration stage (reduction stage) The packing space 4 contains a mixed solution of energy storage material 5 and modified medium; the modified pipeline 2 is open; the medium fluid channel 3 is open, and the cold / hot fluid flowing in from the inlet of the medium fluid channel 3 is the regeneration fluid (e.g., water or heat transfer oil). After heat exchange with the mixed solution, the regeneration fluid flows out from the outlet of the medium fluid channel 3. During the process, the temperature sensor 7 monitors the temperature of the packing space 4, which should be higher than the ambient temperature; if it approaches the temperature of the regeneration fluid at the inlet of the medium fluid channel 3, the regeneration stage ends completely; or if the liquid level is monitored by the level sensor 8 to the set condition, the regeneration stage ends; or if the pressure is monitored by the pressure sensor 6 to the set condition, the regeneration stage ends. The required regeneration fluid temperature is low temperature (50℃~90℃), medium temperature (100℃~120℃), or high temperature (120℃~150℃). The temperature of the regeneration fluid is determined by the temperature at which the mixed solution is reduced / separated into energy storage material 5 + water or a low-concentration salt solution. If flash evaporation is used, the corresponding temperature is high temperature (120℃~150℃). In process 13, the denatured medium vapor formed by flash evaporation in the regeneration stage can return to the denatured pipeline 2 through the conduit and be discharged outward from the denatured pipeline 2. When the denatured pipeline 2 is a liquid filling and exhaust pipe and the conduit is a spray head 10, the spray head 10 is in the open state. The denatured medium vapor can return to the liquid filling and exhaust pipe through the passage of the spray head 10 and be discharged outward from the liquid filling and exhaust pipe.

[0059] Based on the above workflow, the following explanation uses different energy storage materials as examples.

[0060] Example 1: Xylitol is used as the energy storage material; ethylene glycol aqueous solution is used as the coolant / cold fluid / regeneration fluid; and water is used as the denaturing medium.

[0061] In the cold storage stage, process 1 is adopted, and the filling space 4 is filled with energy storage material 5 with powder, grain or block structure; the modified pipeline 2 and the medium fluid channel 3 are closed; the temperature sensor 7 monitors the temperature of the filling space 4 and maintains room temperature.

[0062] The cooling release stage employs process 4. The filling space 4 contains energy storage material 5 with a powder, granular, or block structure. The modifying pipeline 2 is opened, and a modifying medium (e.g., water) is introduced through it. The medium flows through the pipeline 2, passes through the spray head 10, and enters the filling space 4, where it dissolves the energy storage material 5, releasing cooling energy. At this time, the medium fluid channel 3 is opened, allowing refrigerant to flow in through its inlet and out through its outlet for use in cooling scenarios. During this process, the temperature sensor 7 monitors the temperature of the filling space 4, ensuring it remains below room temperature. The cooling release stage ends when the temperature returns to room temperature; or when the temperature sensor 7 monitors the temperature to above the restored cooling temperature; or when the liquid level sensor 8 monitors the liquid level to a set condition, the cooling release stage ends.

[0063] Using process 13, the regeneration fluid temperature is selected as low (50℃~90℃); the packing space 4 contains a mixed solution of energy storage material 5 and modified medium; the modified pipeline 2 is opened; the medium fluid channel 3 is opened, and the regeneration fluid flows into the medium fluid channel 3. After heat exchange with the mixed solution, the regeneration fluid flows out from the medium fluid channel 3. During the process, the temperature sensor 7 monitors the temperature of the packing space 4, which should be higher than the ambient temperature; when the temperature reaches close to the regeneration fluid temperature of the medium fluid channel 3, the regeneration stage is completely ended; or when the liquid level is monitored by the level sensor 8 and reaches the set condition, the regeneration stage ends; or when the pressure is monitored by the pressure sensor 6 and reaches the set condition, the regeneration stage ends.

[0064] During this process, the device is only used for cold storage and cold release; the device operates periodically through the alternation of regeneration, cold storage and cold release stages.

[0065] Example 2: Ammonium nitrate is used as the energy storage material; ethylene glycol aqueous solution is used as the coolant / cold fluid.

[0066] The cold storage stage adopts process 3. The filling space 4 contains a mixed solution of energy storage material 5 and modified medium; the modified pipeline 2 is closed; the medium fluid channel 3 is open, and cold fluid flows in from the inlet of the medium fluid channel 3 and flows out from the outlet of the medium fluid channel 3. During the process, the temperature sensor 7 monitors the temperature of the filling space 4, which should be below room temperature; when the temperature reaches close to the temperature of the cold fluid at the inlet of the medium fluid channel 3, the cold storage stage is completely ended; or when the temperature sensor 7 monitors the temperature to be above the cold storage temperature, the cold storage stage ends.

[0067] The cooling release stage employs process 5. The filling space 4 contains a mixed solution of energy storage material 5 and a modified medium; the modified pipeline 2 is closed; the medium fluid channel 3 is opened, with the refrigerant flowing in from the inlet and out from the outlet, for use in cooling scenarios. During the process, the temperature sensor 7 monitors the temperature of the filling space 4, which should be below room temperature; the cooling release stage ends completely when the temperature returns to room temperature; or the cooling release stage ends when the temperature sensor 7 monitors the temperature to above the restored cooling temperature.

[0068] During this process, the device is used only for cold storage and cold release; the device operates periodically by alternating between the cold storage and cold release phases.

[0069] Example 3: Erythritol is used as the energy storage material; water is used as the coolant / cooling fluid.

[0070] The cold storage stage follows process 2. The filling space 4 is filled with energy storage material 5 in the form of powder, granules, or blocks. The modified pipeline 2 is closed. The medium fluid channel 3 is open, with cold fluid flowing in from the inlet and out from the outlet. During the process, the temperature sensor 7 monitors the temperature of the filling space 4, which should be below room temperature. The cold storage stage ends when the temperature reaches near the temperature of the cold fluid at the inlet of the medium fluid channel 3; or when the temperature sensor 7 monitors the temperature above the cold storage temperature, the cold storage stage ends.

[0071] The cooling release stage employs process 4. The filling space 4 contains energy storage material 5 with a powder, granular, or block structure. The modifying pipeline 2 is opened, allowing a modifying medium (e.g., water) to flow in through its inlet. This medium then passes through the spray head 10 into the filling space 4, where it dissolves the energy storage material 5, releasing cooling energy. Simultaneously, the medium fluid channel 3 is opened, allowing a refrigerant to flow in through its inlet and out through its outlet for use in cooling scenarios. During this process, the temperature sensor 7 monitors the temperature of the filling space 4, ensuring it remains below room temperature. The cooling release stage ends when the temperature returns to room temperature; or when the temperature sensor 7 monitors the temperature to above the restored cooling temperature; or when the liquid level sensor 8 monitors the liquid level to a set condition, the cooling release stage ends.

[0072] During this process, the device is used only for cold storage and cold release; the device operates periodically by alternating between the cold storage and cold release phases.

[0073] Example 4: Erythritol was used as the energy storage material; ethylene glycol aqueous solution was used as the heat transfer agent / thermal fluid.

[0074] The heat storage stage adopts process 7. The filling space 4 is filled with energy storage material 5 with a powder, grain, or block structure; the modified pipeline 2 is closed; the medium fluid channel 3 is opened, and hot fluid flows in from the inlet of the medium fluid channel 3 and flows out from the outlet of the medium fluid channel 3. During the process, the temperature sensor 7 monitors the temperature of the filling space 4, which should be higher than the ambient temperature; when it reaches close to the temperature of the hot fluid at the inlet of the medium fluid channel 3, the heat storage stage is completely ended; or when the temperature sensor 7 monitors it to be above the heat storage temperature, the heat storage stage ends.

[0075] The heat release stage employs process 10. The filling space 4 contains energy storage material 5 with a powder, granular, or block structure; the modified pipeline 2 is closed; the medium fluid channel 3 is open, with the heat transfer fluid flowing in from the inlet and out from the outlet. During the process, the temperature sensor 7 monitors the temperature of the filling space 4, which should be higher than normal temperature; when the temperature reaches near the temperature of the heat transfer fluid at the inlet of the medium fluid channel 3, the heat release stage ends completely; or when the temperature sensor 7 monitors the temperature and it drops below the heating temperature, the heat release stage ends.

[0076] During this process, the device is only used for heat storage and heat release; the device operates periodically by alternating between the heat storage and heat release phases.

[0077] Example 5: Ammonium chloride is used as the energy storage material; heat transfer oil is used as the heat transfer medium / thermal fluid.

[0078] The heat storage stage adopts process 9. The filling space 4 contains a mixed solution of energy storage material 5 and modified medium; the modified pipeline 2 is closed; the medium fluid channel 3 is open, and hot fluid flows in from the inlet of the medium fluid channel 3 and flows out from the outlet of the medium fluid channel 3. During the process, the temperature sensor 7 monitors the temperature of the filling space 4, which should be higher than the ambient temperature; when the temperature reaches close to the temperature of the hot fluid at the inlet of the medium fluid channel 3, the heat storage stage ends completely; or when the temperature sensor 7 monitors the temperature above the heat storage temperature, the heat storage stage ends; or when the pressure sensor 6 monitors the pressure to the set condition, the heat storage stage ends.

[0079] The heat release stage adopts process 12. The interior of the packing space 4 is a mixed solution of energy storage material 5 and modified medium; the modified pipeline 2 is closed; the medium fluid channel 3 is opened, and the heat transfer agent flows in from the inlet of the medium fluid channel 3 and flows out from the outlet of the medium fluid channel 3. During the process, the temperature sensor 7 monitors the temperature of the packing space 4, which should be higher than the ambient temperature; when it reaches close to the temperature of the heat transfer agent at the inlet of the medium fluid channel 3, the heat release stage ends completely; or when it falls below the heating temperature monitored by the temperature sensor 7, the heat release stage ends.

[0080] During this process, the device is only used for heat storage and heat release; the device operates periodically by alternating between the heat storage and heat release phases.

[0081] Example 6: Erythritol was used as the energy storage material; water was used as the heat transfer medium / thermal fluid.

[0082] The heat storage stage adopts process 9. The packing space 4 contains molten energy storage material 5; the modified pipeline 2 is closed; the medium fluid channel 3 is open, and hot fluid flows in from the inlet of the medium fluid channel 3 and flows out from the outlet of the medium fluid channel 3. During the process, the temperature sensor 7 monitors the temperature of the packing space 4, which should be higher than the ambient temperature; when the temperature reaches close to the temperature of the hot fluid at the inlet of the medium fluid channel 3, the heat storage stage is completely ended; or when the temperature sensor 7 monitors the temperature to be above the heat storage temperature, the heat storage stage ends.

[0083] The heat release stage adopts process 11. The packing space 4 contains molten energy storage material 5; the modified pipeline 2 is closed; the medium fluid channel 3 is opened, and the heat transfer agent flows in from the inlet of the medium fluid channel 3 and flows out from the outlet of the medium fluid channel 3. During the process, the temperature sensor 7 monitors the temperature of the packing space 4, which should be higher than the ambient temperature; when it reaches close to the temperature of the heat transfer agent at the inlet of the medium fluid channel 3, the heat release stage ends completely; or when it falls below the heating temperature monitored by the temperature sensor 7, the heat release stage ends.

[0084] During this process, the device is only used for heat storage and heat release; the device operates periodically by alternating between the heat storage and heat release phases.

[0085] Example 7: A mixture of erythritol and xylitol is used as the energy storage material; water is used as the heat transfer medium / hot fluid; ethylene glycol aqueous solution is used as the coolant / cold fluid / regeneration fluid; and water is used as the denaturing medium.

[0086] The cold storage stage follows process 2. The filling space 4 is filled with energy storage material 5 in the form of powder, granules, or blocks. The modified pipeline 2 is closed. The medium fluid channel 3 is open, with cold fluid flowing in from the inlet and out from the outlet. During the process, the temperature sensor 7 monitors the temperature of the filling space 4, which should be below room temperature. The cold storage stage ends when the temperature reaches near the temperature of the cold fluid at the inlet of the medium fluid channel 3; or when the temperature sensor 7 monitors the temperature above the cold storage temperature, the cold storage stage ends.

[0087] The cooling release stage employs process 4. The filling space 4 contains energy storage material 5 with a powder, granular, or block structure. The modifying pipeline 2 is opened, and a modifying medium (e.g., water) enters through its inlet / outlet. After flowing through the modifying pipeline 2, it is sprayed into the filling space 4 via the spray head 10, where it dissolves with the energy storage material 5, releasing cooling energy. At this time, the medium fluid channel 3 is opened, allowing the refrigerant to flow in from its inlet and out from its outlet for use in cooling scenarios. During this process, the temperature sensor 7 monitors the temperature of the filling space 4, which should be below room temperature. The cooling release stage ends when the temperature returns to room temperature; or when the temperature sensor 7 monitors the temperature to above the restored cooling temperature; or when the liquid level sensor 8 monitors the liquid level to a set condition, the cooling release stage ends.

[0088] The heat storage stage adopts process 8. The filling space 4 contains a mixed solution of energy storage material 5 and modified medium; the modified pipeline 2 is closed; the medium fluid channel 3 is open, and hot fluid flows in from the inlet of the medium fluid channel 3 and flows out from the outlet of the medium fluid channel 3. During the process, the temperature sensor 7 monitors the temperature of the filling space 4, which should be higher than the ambient temperature; when the temperature reaches close to the temperature of the hot fluid at the inlet of the medium fluid channel 3, the heat storage stage ends completely; or when the temperature sensor 7 monitors the temperature above the heat storage temperature, the heat storage stage ends; or when the pressure sensor 6 monitors the pressure to the set condition, the heat storage stage ends.

[0089] The heat release stage adopts process 12. The interior of the packing space 4 is a mixed solution of energy storage material 5 and modified medium; the modified pipeline 2 is closed; the medium fluid channel 3 is opened, and the heat transfer agent flows in from the inlet of the medium fluid channel 3 and flows out from the outlet of the medium fluid channel 3. During the process, the temperature sensor 7 monitors the temperature of the packing space 4, which should be higher than the ambient temperature; when it reaches close to the temperature of the heat transfer agent at the inlet of the medium fluid channel 3, the heat release stage ends completely; or when it falls below the heating temperature monitored by the temperature sensor 7, the heat release stage ends.

[0090] The regeneration stage uses process 13, with the regeneration fluid temperature selected as low (50℃~90℃). The packing space 4 contains a mixed solution of energy storage material 5 and the modified medium. The modified pipeline 2 is opened. The medium fluid channel 3 is opened, with the regeneration fluid flowing in from the inlet and out from the outlet. During the process, the temperature sensor 7 monitors the temperature of the packing space 4, which should be higher than normal temperature. The regeneration stage ends when the temperature of the regeneration fluid approaches the inlet temperature of the medium fluid channel 3. Alternatively, the regeneration stage ends when the liquid level, monitored by the level sensor 8, reaches the set condition, or when the pressure, monitored by the pressure sensor 6, reaches the set condition.

[0091] In this process, the device is used for cold storage and release, and heat storage and release; through the alternation of cold storage, cold release, heat storage, heat release and regeneration stages, the device can operate periodically.

[0092] Example 8: Ammonium chloride is used as the energy storage material; water is used as the heat transfer medium / hot fluid; and ethylene glycol aqueous solution is used as the coolant / cold fluid.

[0093] In the cold storage stage, process 1 is adopted, and the filling space 4 is filled with energy storage material 5 with powder, grain or block structure; the modified pipeline 2 and the medium fluid channel 3 are closed; the temperature sensor 7 monitors the temperature of the filling space 4 and maintains room temperature.

[0094] The cooling release stage employs process 6. The filling space 4 contains energy storage material 5 with a powder, granular, or block structure; the modified pipeline 2 is closed; the medium fluid channel 3 is opened, with the refrigerant flowing in from the inlet and out from the outlet, for use in cooling scenarios. During the process, the temperature sensor 7 monitors the temperature of the filling space 4, which should be below room temperature; the cooling release stage ends completely when the temperature returns to room temperature; or the cooling release stage ends when the temperature sensor 7 monitors the temperature to above the restored cooling temperature.

[0095] The heat storage stage adopts process 7. The filling space 4 is filled with energy storage material 5 with a powder, grain, or block structure; the modified pipeline 2 is closed; the medium fluid channel 3 is opened, and hot fluid flows in from the inlet of the medium fluid channel 3 and flows out from the outlet of the medium fluid channel 3. During the process, the temperature sensor 7 monitors the temperature of the filling space 4, which should be higher than the ambient temperature; when it reaches close to the temperature of the hot fluid at the inlet of the medium fluid channel 3, the heat storage stage is completely ended; or when the temperature sensor 7 monitors it to be above the heat storage temperature, the heat storage stage ends.

[0096] The heat release stage employs process 10. The filling space 4 contains energy storage material 5 with a powder, granular, or block structure; the modified pipeline 2 is closed; the medium fluid channel 3 is open, with the heat transfer fluid flowing in from the inlet and out from the outlet. During the process, the temperature sensor 7 monitors the temperature of the filling space 4, which should be higher than normal temperature; when the temperature reaches near the temperature of the heat transfer fluid at the inlet of the medium fluid channel 3, the heat release stage ends completely; or when the temperature sensor 7 monitors the temperature and it drops below the heating temperature, the heat release stage ends.

[0097] In this process, the device is used for cold storage and release, and heat storage and release; through the alternation of cold storage, cold release, heat storage and heat release stages, the device can operate periodically.

[0098] Example 9: Erythritol is used as the energy storage material; water is used as the heat transfer medium / hot fluid; ethylene glycol aqueous solution is used as the coolant / cold fluid / regeneration fluid; and water is used as the denaturing medium.

[0099] The cold storage stage follows process 2. The filling space 4 is filled with energy storage material 5 in the form of powder, granules, or blocks. The modified pipeline 2 is closed. The medium fluid channel 3 is open, with cold fluid flowing in from the inlet and out from the outlet. During the process, the temperature sensor 7 monitors the temperature of the filling space 4, which should be below room temperature. The cold storage stage ends when the temperature reaches near the temperature of the cold fluid at the inlet of the medium fluid channel 3; or when the temperature sensor 7 monitors the temperature above the cold storage temperature, the cold storage stage ends.

[0100] The cooling release stage employs process 4. The filling space 4 contains energy storage material 5 with a powder, granular, or block structure. The modifying pipeline 2 is opened, allowing the modified medium (e.g., water) to flow through its inlet / outlet and be sprayed into the filling space 4 via the spray head 10. This medium dissolves the energy storage material 5 within the filling space 4, releasing cooling energy. Simultaneously, the medium fluid channel 3 is opened, allowing the refrigerant to flow in from its inlet and out from its outlet for use in cooling scenarios. During this process, the temperature sensor 7 monitors the temperature of the filling space 4, ensuring it remains below room temperature. The cooling release stage ends when the temperature returns to room temperature; or when the temperature sensor 7 monitors the temperature to above the restored cooling temperature; or when the liquid level sensor 8 monitors the liquid level to a set condition, the cooling release stage ends.

[0101] The regeneration stage uses process 13, with the regeneration fluid temperature selected as low (50℃~90℃). The packing space 4 contains a mixed solution of energy storage material 5 and the modified medium. The modified pipeline 2 is opened. The medium fluid channel 3 is opened, with the regeneration fluid flowing in from the inlet and out from the outlet. During the process, the temperature sensor 7 monitors the temperature of the packing space 4, which should be higher than normal temperature. The regeneration stage ends when the temperature of the regeneration fluid approaches the inlet temperature of the medium fluid channel 3. Alternatively, the regeneration stage ends when the liquid level, monitored by the level sensor 8, reaches the set condition, or when the pressure, monitored by the pressure sensor 6, reaches the set condition.

[0102] The heat storage stage adopts process 9. The packing space 4 contains molten energy storage material 5; the modified pipeline 2 is closed; the medium fluid channel 3 is open, and hot fluid flows in from the inlet of the medium fluid channel 3 and flows out from the outlet of the medium fluid channel 3. During the process, the temperature sensor 7 monitors the temperature of the packing space 4, which should be higher than the ambient temperature; when the temperature reaches close to the temperature of the hot fluid at the inlet of the medium fluid channel 3, the heat storage stage is completely ended; or when the temperature sensor 7 monitors the temperature to be above the heat storage temperature, the heat storage stage ends.

[0103] The heat release stage adopts process 11. The packing space 4 contains molten energy storage material 5; the modified pipeline 2 is closed; the medium fluid channel 3 is opened, and the heat transfer agent flows in from the inlet of the medium fluid channel 3 and flows out from the outlet of the medium fluid channel 3. During the process, the temperature sensor 7 monitors the temperature of the packing space 4, which should be higher than the ambient temperature; when it reaches close to the temperature of the heat transfer agent at the inlet of the medium fluid channel 3, the heat release stage ends completely; or when it falls below the heating temperature monitored by the temperature sensor 7, the heat release stage ends.

[0104] In this process, the device is used for cold storage and release, and heat storage and release; through the alternation of cold storage, cold release, regeneration, heat storage and heat release stages, the device can operate periodically.

[0105] Example 10: A mixture of erythritol and xylitol is used as the energy storage material; water is used as the heat transfer medium / hot fluid; ethylene glycol aqueous solution is used as the coolant / cold fluid / regeneration fluid; and water is used as the denaturing medium.

[0106] The cold storage stage follows process 2. The filling space 4 is filled with energy storage material 5 in the form of powder, granules, or blocks. The modified pipeline 2 is closed. The medium fluid channel 3 is open, with cold fluid flowing in from the inlet and out from the outlet. During the process, the temperature sensor 7 monitors the temperature of the filling space 4, which should be below room temperature. The cold storage stage ends when the temperature reaches near the temperature of the cold fluid at the inlet of the medium fluid channel 3; or when the temperature sensor 7 monitors the temperature above the cold storage temperature, the cold storage stage ends.

[0107] The cooling release stage employs process 4. The filling space 4 contains energy storage material 5 with a powder, granular, or block structure. The modifying pipeline 2 is opened, allowing the modified medium (e.g., water) to flow through its inlet / outlet and be sprayed into the filling space 4 via the spray head 10. This medium dissolves the energy storage material 5 within the filling space 4, releasing cooling energy. Simultaneously, the medium fluid channel 3 is opened, allowing the refrigerant to flow in from its inlet and out from its outlet for use in cooling scenarios. During this process, the temperature sensor 7 monitors the temperature of the filling space 4, ensuring it remains below room temperature. The cooling release stage ends when the temperature returns to room temperature; or when the temperature sensor 7 monitors the temperature to above the restored cooling temperature; or when the liquid level sensor 8 monitors the liquid level to a set condition, the cooling release stage ends.

[0108] The regeneration stage uses process 13, with the regeneration fluid temperature selected as low (50℃~90℃). The packing space 4 contains a mixed solution of energy storage material 5 and the modified medium. The modified pipeline 2 is opened. The medium fluid channel 3 is opened, with the regeneration fluid flowing in from the inlet and out from the outlet. During the process, the temperature sensor 7 monitors the temperature of the packing space 4, which should be higher than normal temperature. The regeneration stage ends when the temperature of the regeneration fluid approaches the inlet temperature of the medium fluid channel 3. Alternatively, the regeneration stage ends when the liquid level, monitored by the level sensor 8, reaches the set condition, or when the pressure, monitored by the pressure sensor 6, reaches the set condition.

[0109] The heat storage stage adopts process 7. The filling space 4 is filled with energy storage material 5 with a powder, grain, or block structure; the modified pipeline 2 is closed; the medium fluid channel 3 is opened, and hot fluid flows in from the inlet of the medium fluid channel 3 and flows out from the outlet of the medium fluid channel 3. During the process, the temperature sensor 7 monitors the temperature of the filling space 4, which should be higher than the ambient temperature; when it reaches close to the temperature of the hot fluid at the inlet of the medium fluid channel 3, the heat storage stage is completely ended; or when the temperature sensor 7 monitors it to be above the heat storage temperature, the heat storage stage ends.

[0110] The heat release stage employs process 10. The filling space 4 contains energy storage material 5 with a powder, granular, or block structure; the modified pipeline 2 is closed; the medium fluid channel 3 is open, with the heat transfer fluid flowing in from the inlet and out from the outlet. During the process, the temperature sensor 7 monitors the temperature of the filling space 4, which should be higher than normal temperature; when the temperature reaches near the temperature of the heat transfer fluid at the inlet of the medium fluid channel 3, the heat release stage ends completely; or when the temperature sensor 7 monitors the temperature and it drops below the heating temperature, the heat release stage ends.

[0111] In this process, the device is used for cold storage and release, and heat storage and release; through the alternation of cold storage, cold release, regeneration, heat storage and heat release stages, the device can operate periodically.

[0112] Based on the above-described preferred embodiments of the present invention, and through the foregoing description, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the inventive concept. The technical scope of this invention is not limited to the contents of the specification, but must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A flexible energy storage device with wide temperature range for both cold and heat storage, characterized in that: It includes several unit boxes, each unit box is hollow inside and has a filling space. Each filling space is provided with a medium fluid channel and a modified pipeline. One end of the medium fluid channel is a medium fluid inlet and the other end is a medium fluid outlet. One end of the modified pipeline has an inlet / outlet. The modified pipeline is also provided with a connecting port that can adjustably connect the modified pipeline and the filling space. The filling space is filled with energy storage material, and the amount of energy storage material is less than the volume of the filling space. The remaining volume in the filling space forms a reserved expansion space. The medium fluid channel is provided with cold / hot fluid.

2. The flexible energy storage device with wide temperature range for both cold and heat storage as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The modified pipeline includes a liquid filling and venting pipe, which is equipped with several spray heads. The inlet / outlet is located on one side of the liquid filling and venting pipe, and the spray head is a guide port.

3. The flexible energy storage device with wide temperature range for both cold and heat storage as described in claim 2, characterized in that: It has multiple unit boxes, with the medium fluid channels of adjacent unit boxes connected in series or in parallel, and the modified pipelines of adjacent unit boxes connected in series or in parallel.

4. The flexible energy storage device with wide temperature range for both cold and heat storage as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The unit includes a main housing, and multiple unit housings are stacked sequentially inside the main housing. Each unit housing has a support foot fixed at the top and bottom apex positions of its circumference. The support foot has a mounting hole. When two adjacent unit housings are stacked, the support feet at the apex positions abut against each other and are fixed by bolt assemblies that cooperate with the mounting holes on the two support feet.

5. A flexible energy storage device with wide temperature range for both cold and heat storage as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Each unit is equipped with a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, and a liquid level sensor.

6. A flexible energy storage method for wide-temperature-range co-storage of cold and heat, characterized in that: The energy storage material is filled and placed in a sealed filling space. The filling space is equipped with a medium fluid channel and a deformable pipeline. The medium fluid channel is physically isolated from the energy storage material and exchanges fluids with it, while the deformable pipeline is tunably connected to the energy storage material.

7. The flexible energy storage method for wide-temperature-range cold and heat co-storage as described in claim 6, characterized in that: When the modified pipeline is closed, the medium fluid is introduced into the medium fluid channel, and the medium fluid exchanges heat with the energy storage material as it flows through the packing space.

8. The flexible energy storage method for wide-temperature-range cold and heat co-storage as described in claim 6, characterized in that: When the modified pipeline is opened, the modified medium is introduced into the energy storage material in the packing space. The modified medium and the energy storage material form a mixture. The medium fluid is introduced into the medium fluid channel. The temperature of the medium fluid is lower than the evaporation temperature of the modified material. When the medium fluid flows through the packing space, it exchanges heat with the mixture.

9. A flexible energy storage method for wide-temperature-range cold and heat co-storage as described in claim 6, characterized in that: When the modified pipeline is opened, the modified medium is introduced into the energy storage material in the packing space. The modified medium and the energy storage material form a mixture. The medium fluid is introduced into the medium fluid channel. The temperature of the medium fluid is not lower than the evaporation temperature of the modified material. When the medium fluid flows through the packing space, it exchanges heat with the mixture. The modified medium in the mixture flashes and is discharged through the modified pipeline. The mixture is reduced to the energy storage material.

10. A flexible energy storage method for wide-temperature-range cold and heat co-storage as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The denaturing medium is water or a low-concentration salt solution.

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