A test device and method for simulating a vehicle-bridge pier collision

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of test equipment, in particular to a test device and method for simulating vehicle-ship impact on bridge piers; comprising a rigid base, embedded bolts, a bridge pier model, an accelerometer, a laser displacement meter, a bearing trolley, ground anchor guide rails, a triaxial force sensor, an impact detection assembly, a power supply assembly and a mounting assembly; the bearing trolley is accelerated along the ground anchor guide rails by the power supply assembly, and the triaxial force sensor mounted on one side of the bearing trolley and the impact detection assembly are triggered synchronously, and the impact response is recorded synchronously by the accelerometer above the bridge pier model and the laser displacement meter on one side, so that a scale model is used to replace full-scale testing, the cost is greatly reduced, the danger of real vehicle-ship impact is avoided, and each test can be accurately repeated by replacing the bridge pier model or adjusting the power parameters, thereby solving the technical problems of non-repeatability and obtaining accurate test data to affect test judgment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of testing equipment technology, and in particular to a testing device and method for simulating vehicle and ship collisions with bridge piers. Background Technology

[0002] Bridge structures may be subjected to accidental collisions with vehicles (such as trucks and buses) or ships during their service life, leading to pier damage and collapse, causing significant economic losses and casualties. Therefore, studying the dynamic response and failure mechanism of bridge piers under vehicle and ship collisions is of great significance.

[0003] Currently, common impact testing methods include: full-scale impact tests using real vehicles or ships, impact tests using pendulums or drop hammers, and finite element numerical simulations.

[0004] However, the aforementioned existing technologies are extremely costly, dangerous, difficult to replicate, and cannot obtain accurate experimental data, which affects the judgment of the experiment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a test device and method for simulating vehicle and ship collisions with bridge piers, aiming to solve the technical problems in the prior art, such as high cost, high risk, difficulty in repeating and obtaining accurate test data, which affect the judgment of the test.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention employs a test device simulating vehicle-ship collision with a bridge pier, comprising a rigid base, pre-embedded bolts, a bridge pier model, an accelerometer, a laser displacement meter, a load-bearing trolley, a ground anchor rail, a triaxial force sensor, an impact detection component, a power supply component, and an installation component. The pre-embedded bolts are fixedly connected to the rigid base and located above it. The bridge pier model is positioned above the rigid base and is detachably connected to the pre-embedded bolts. The accelerometer is installed above the bridge pier model. The laser displacement meter is installed on one side of the bridge pier model. The ground anchor rail is positioned above the rigid base. The installation component is connected to both the ground anchor rail and the rigid base. The load-bearing trolley is slidably connected to the ground anchor rail and located above it. The triaxial force sensor is installed on one side of the load-bearing trolley. The impact detection component is connected to both the triaxial force sensor and the load-bearing trolley. The power supply component is connected to both the load-bearing trolley and the rigid base.

[0007] The impact detection component includes a rigid housing and a frame. The rigid housing is fixedly connected to the carrier trolley and located on one side of the carrier trolley. The rigid housing is in contact with the triaxial force sensor. The frame is fixedly connected to the rigid housing and located on the inner wall of the rigid housing.

[0008] The impact detection component also includes an acceleration sensor, which is mounted above the carrier trolley.

[0009] The power supply assembly includes a rigid reaction wall, a high-pressure air tank, an air supply valve pipe, a pressure acceleration cylinder, a piston rod, and an electromagnetic chuck. The rigid reaction wall is installed above the rigid base, the pressure acceleration cylinder is installed on one side of the rigid reaction wall, the high-pressure air tank is installed above the rigid base, the air supply valve pipe is connected to the high-pressure air tank and the pressure acceleration cylinder respectively, the piston rod is slidably connected to the pressure acceleration cylinder and located on the inner side wall of the pressure acceleration cylinder, the electromagnetic chuck is fixedly connected to the piston rod and located at one end of the piston rod, and the electromagnetic chuck is adapted to the carrying trolley.

[0010] The power supply assembly also includes a PLC control box, which is located above the rigid base and is electrically connected to the accelerometer, the laser displacement meter, the triaxial force sensor, the acceleration sensor, the high-pressure air tank, the air supply valve pipe, and the electromagnetic chuck.

[0011] The mounting assembly includes a right-angle plate and a reinforcing rib. The right-angle plate is fixedly connected to the ground anchor rail and is located on one side of the ground anchor rail. The right-angle plate is detachably connected to the rigid base. The reinforcing rib is fixedly connected to the right-angle plate and is located above the right-angle plate.

[0012] in, The present invention also provides a test method for simulating the impact of a vehicle or ship on a bridge pier, comprising the following steps: The bridge pier model is fixed to the rigid base by the pre-embedded bolts, and the accelerometer is installed on the top of the bridge pier model and the laser displacement meter is installed on the side. The ground anchor rail is connected to the rigid base using the mounting assembly, and the carrying trolley is placed on the ground anchor rail; The triaxial force sensor is installed on one side of the carrier trolley and connected to the impact detection assembly; The power supply component drives the carrying trolley to accelerate along the ground anchor guide rail to a preset speed; The impact detection component triggers the triaxial force sensor, the accelerometer, and the laser displacement meter to simultaneously collect force, acceleration, and displacement data during the impact process; Replace the bridge pier model, adjust the power supply component parameters, and repeat the above steps to complete the multi-condition test.

[0013] This invention provides a test apparatus and method for simulating vehicle-ship collisions with bridge piers. The bridge pier model is securely fixed using a rigid base and pre-embedded bolts. A power supply component drives a carrying trolley to accelerate along the ground anchor guide rail. A triaxial force sensor installed on one side of the carrying trolley, in conjunction with an impact detection component, triggers the impact. Simultaneously, an accelerometer above the bridge pier model and a laser displacement meter on one side synchronously record the impact response. This allows for the use of a scaled-down model instead of a full-scale test, significantly reducing costs and avoiding the dangers of real vehicle-ship collisions. Furthermore, each test can be precisely repeated by changing the bridge pier model or adjusting the power parameters, solving the technical problem in existing technologies where the inability to repeat and obtain accurate test data affects test judgment. Attached Figure Description

[0014] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a top view of the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 3 This is the invention Figure 2 A sectional view along line AA.

[0018] Figure 4 This is the invention Figure 3 Enlarged view of the local structure at point B.

[0019] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of the test method for simulating vehicle and ship collisions with bridge piers according to the present invention.

[0020] In the diagram: 101-Rigid base, 102-Embedded bolt, 103-Pier model, 104-Accelerometer, 105-Laser displacement meter, 106-Bearing trolley, 107-Ground anchor rail, 108-Triaxial force sensor, 109-Rigid shell, 110-Frame, 111-Accelerometer, 112-Rigid reaction wall, 113-High-pressure gas tank, 114-Gas valve pipe, 115-Pressure accelerator cylinder, 116-Piston rod, 117-Electromagnetic chuck, 118-PLC control box, 119-Right angle plate, 120-Reinforcing rib, 121-Fixing rod, 122-Slip ring frame. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, but should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0022] Please see Figures 1-4 ,in Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a top view of the first embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 This is the invention Figure 2 AA-line sectional view, Figure 4 This is the invention Figure 3 Enlarged view of the local structure at point B.

[0023] This invention provides a test device for simulating vehicle-ship collisions with bridge piers, comprising a rigid base 101, pre-embedded bolts 102, a bridge pier model 103, an accelerometer 104, a laser displacement meter 105, a carrying trolley 106, a ground anchor rail 107, a triaxial force sensor 108, an impact detection component, a power supply component, and an installation component. The impact detection component includes a rigid shell 109, a frame 110, and an accelerometer 111. The power supply component includes a rigid reaction wall 112, a high-pressure air tank 113, an air supply valve pipe 114, a pressure acceleration cylinder 115, a piston rod 116, an electromagnetic chuck 117, and a PLC control box 118. The installation component includes a right-angle plate 119 and reinforcing ribs 120. The test device for simulating vehicle-ship collisions with bridge piers also includes auxiliary components, which include a fixing rod 121 and a slip ring frame 122.

[0024] The pre-embedded bolt 102 is fixedly connected to the rigid base 101 and located above the rigid base 101. The pier model 103 is located above the rigid base 101 and is detachably connected to the pre-embedded bolt 102. The accelerometer 104 is installed above the pier model 103. The laser displacement meter 105 is installed on one side of the pier model 103. The ground anchor rail 107 is located above the rigid base 101. The mounting assembly is connected to the ground anchor rail 107 and the rigid base 101 respectively. The carrying trolley 106 is slidably connected to the ground anchor rail 107 and located above the ground anchor rail 107. The triaxial force sensor 108 is installed on one side of the carrying trolley 106. The impact detection assembly is connected to the triaxial force sensor 108 and the carrying trolley 106 respectively. The power supply assembly is connected to the carrying trolley 106 and the rigid base 101 respectively.

[0025] In this embodiment, the pier model 103 is firmly fixed by the rigid base 101 and the pre-embedded bolts 102. The power supply component drives the carrying trolley 106 to accelerate along the ground anchor guide rail 107, and the triaxial force sensor 108 installed on one side of the carrying trolley 106 and the impact detection component are triggered in coordination. At the same time, the accelerometer 104 above the pier model 103 and the laser displacement meter 105 on one side synchronously record the impact response. Thus, a scaled-down model replaces the full-scale test, which greatly reduces costs and avoids the dangers of real vehicle and ship collisions. Moreover, each test can be accurately repeated by changing the pier model 103 or adjusting the power parameters, which solves the technical problem of the inability to repeat and obtain accurate test data in the prior art, which affects the test judgment.

[0026] Furthermore, the rigid housing 109 is fixedly connected to the carrying trolley 106 and located on one side of the carrying trolley 106, and the rigid housing 109 is in contact with the triaxial force sensor 108. The frame 110 is fixedly connected to the rigid housing 109 and located on the inner sidewall of the rigid housing 109.

[0027] In this embodiment, the rigid shell 109 is used to directly transmit the load at the moment of impact to the triaxial force sensor 108 and serve as the outer contour of the simulated impact head; the skeleton 110 is used to enhance the structural stiffness and deformation resistance of the rigid shell 109, while simulating the equivalent stiffness distribution of the front of a real vehicle or ship, thereby ensuring that the force transmission during the impact process is real and the deformation characteristics are accurate.

[0028] Furthermore, the acceleration sensor 111 is mounted above the carrier trolley 106.

[0029] In this embodiment, the acceleration sensor 111 is used to measure the instantaneous acceleration of the carrier trolley 106 during the impact process, so as to compensate for the inertial force of the simulated impact head by combining the measurement value of the triaxial force sensor 108, thereby obtaining the real impact contact force.

[0030] Furthermore, the rigid reaction wall 112 is installed above the rigid base 101, the pressure acceleration cylinder 115 is installed on one side of the rigid reaction wall 112, the high-pressure gas storage tank 113 is installed above the rigid base 101, the gas supply valve pipe 114 is connected to the high-pressure gas storage tank 113 and the pressure acceleration cylinder 115 respectively, the piston rod 116 is slidably connected to the pressure acceleration cylinder 115 and is located on the inner side wall of the pressure acceleration cylinder 115, the electromagnetic chuck 117 is fixedly connected to the piston rod 116 and is located at one end of the piston rod 116, and the electromagnetic chuck 117 is adapted to the carrying trolley 106.

[0031] In this embodiment, the rigid reaction wall 112 is used to withstand the reaction force generated when the pressure acceleration cylinder 115 is working, providing a stable mechanical reference for the entire catapult system; the pressure acceleration cylinder 115 is used to convert the pressure energy of the high-pressure gas into the linear motion kinetic energy of the piston rod 116; the high-pressure gas storage tank 113 is used to store compressed gas, providing an energy source for catapult launch; the gas supply valve pipe 114 is used to control the release speed and on / off timing of the high-pressure gas from the high-pressure gas storage tank 113 to the pressure acceleration cylinder 115; the piston rod 116 is used to slide at high speed along the inner wall of the pressure acceleration cylinder 115 under the drive of gas pressure, thereby pushing the carrier trolley 106; the electromagnetic chuck 117 is used to engage with the carrier trolley 106 during acceleration, and quickly de-energize and release when a preset speed is reached, realizing the instantaneous separation of the trolley from the power source.

[0032] Furthermore, the PLC control box 118 is disposed above the rigid base 101, and the PLC control box 118 is electrically connected to the accelerometer 104, the laser displacement meter 105, the triaxial force sensor 108, the acceleration sensor 111, the high-pressure gas storage tank 113, the gas supply valve pipe 114 and the electromagnetic chuck 117 respectively.

[0033] In this embodiment, the PLC control box 118 is used to collect the detection signals of the accelerometer 104, the laser displacement meter 105, the triaxial force sensor 108 and the accelerometer 111 in real time, and automatically control the inflation pressure of the high-pressure gas tank 113, the opening and closing of the gas supply valve pipe 114 and the attraction and release of the electromagnetic chuck 117 according to a preset timing sequence, thereby realizing precise adjustment of impact speed, synchronous triggering of multiple sensors and automated coordinated control of power supply and release.

[0034] Furthermore, the right-angle plate 119 is fixedly connected to the ground anchor rail 107 and is located on one side of the ground anchor rail 107. The right-angle plate 119 is detachably connected to the rigid base 101. The reinforcing rib 120 is fixedly connected to the right-angle plate 119 and is located above the right-angle plate 119.

[0035] In this embodiment, the right-angle plate 119 is used to fix the ground anchor rail 107 to the rigid base 101 and achieve a detachable fit, so as to facilitate the installation, maintenance or position adjustment of the ground anchor rail 107; the reinforcing rib 120 is used to enhance the structural rigidity of the right-angle plate 119 and prevent it from bending or deforming under the reaction force generated by the high-speed impact of the carrying trolley 106, thereby ensuring the long-term alignment accuracy of the rail.

[0036] Furthermore, the test device for simulating vehicle-ship collision with bridge piers also includes auxiliary components, which include a fixed rod 121 and a sliding ring frame 122. The fixed rod 121 is fixedly connected to the ground anchor guide rail 107 and is located on the inner side wall of the ground anchor guide rail 107. The sliding ring frame 122 is fixedly connected to the carrying trolley 106 and is located below the carrying trolley 106. The sliding ring frame 122 and the fixed rod 121 are in sliding engagement.

[0037] In this embodiment, the fixed rod 121 is used to provide an auxiliary guide track for the carrier trolley 106, and the sliding ring frame 122 is used to move synchronously with the carrier trolley 106 and slide along the fixed rod 121. The two slide together to constrain the linear motion of the carrier trolley 106 in the impact direction, prevent it from lateral deviation or pitch swing, thereby ensuring the accuracy and repeatability of the impact angle. Corresponding to the aforementioned test apparatus for simulating vehicle and ship collisions with bridge piers, this application also provides a test method for simulating vehicle and ship collisions with bridge piers.

[0038] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps of the experimental method for simulating vehicle-ship collisions with bridge piers according to the present invention. (Refer to...) Figure 5 It includes the following steps: S1 fixes the pier model 103 to the rigid base 101 using the pre-embedded bolts 102, and installs the accelerometer 104 on the top of the pier model 103 and the laser displacement meter 105 on the side.

[0039] S2 uses the mounting assembly to connect the ground anchor rail 107 to the rigid base 101, and places the carrying trolley 106 on the ground anchor rail 107.

[0040] S3 installs the triaxial force sensor 108 on one side of the carrier trolley 106 and connects it to the impact detection component.

[0041] The power supply component described in S4 drives the carrier trolley 106 to accelerate along the ground anchor rail 107 to a preset speed.

[0042] The impact detection component in S5 triggers the triaxial force sensor 108, the accelerometer 111, and the laser displacement meter 105 to synchronously collect force, acceleration, and displacement data during the impact process.

[0043] S6 Replace the bridge pier model 103, adjust the power supply component parameters, and repeat the above steps to complete the multi-condition test.

[0044] In this embodiment, the pier model 103 is fixed to the rigid base 101 by the pre-embedded bolts 102, and the accelerometer 104 is installed on the top of the pier model 103 and the laser displacement meter 105 is installed on the side. The ground anchor rail 107 is connected to the rigid base 101 by the installation assembly, and the carrying trolley 106 is placed on the ground anchor rail 107. The triaxial force sensor 108 is installed on one side of the carrying trolley 106 and connected to the impact detection assembly. The power supply assembly drives the carrying trolley 106 to accelerate to a preset speed along the ground anchor rail 107. The impact detection assembly triggers the triaxial force sensor 108, the accelerometer 111, and the laser displacement meter 105 to synchronously collect force, acceleration, and displacement data during the impact process. The pier model 103 is replaced, the parameters of the power supply assembly are adjusted, and the above steps are repeated to complete the multi-condition test. This solves the technical problems of high cost, high risk, difficulty in repeating and obtaining accurate test data in the prior art, which affects the judgment of the test.

[0045] The above-disclosed embodiments are merely one or more preferred embodiments of this application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this application. Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes for implementing the above embodiments and equivalent variations made in accordance with the claims of this application are still within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A test device for simulating vehicle / ship collision with bridge pier, characterized in that, The system includes a rigid base, embedded bolts, a pier model, an accelerometer, a laser displacement meter, a load-bearing trolley, a ground anchor rail, a triaxial force sensor, an impact detection component, a power supply component, and an installation component. The embedded bolts are fixedly connected to the rigid base and located above it. The pier model is positioned above the rigid base and is detachably connected to the embedded bolts. The accelerometer is installed above the pier model. The laser displacement meter is installed on one side of the pier model. The ground anchor rail is located above the rigid base. The installation component is connected to both the ground anchor rail and the rigid base. The load-bearing trolley is slidably connected to the ground anchor rail and located above it. The triaxial force sensor is installed on one side of the load-bearing trolley. The impact detection component is connected to both the triaxial force sensor and the load-bearing trolley. The power supply component is connected to both the load-bearing trolley and the rigid base.

2. The test apparatus for simulating vehicle-ship collision with bridge piers as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The impact detection assembly includes a rigid housing and a frame. The rigid housing is fixedly connected to the carrier trolley and located on one side of the carrier trolley. The rigid housing is in contact with the triaxial force sensor. The frame is fixedly connected to the rigid housing and located on the inner sidewall of the rigid housing.

3. The test apparatus for simulating vehicle-ship collisions with bridge piers as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The impact detection assembly also includes an acceleration sensor, which is mounted above the carrier trolley.

4. The test apparatus for simulating vehicle-ship collision with bridge piers as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The power supply assembly includes a rigid reaction wall, a high-pressure air tank, an air supply valve pipe, a pressure acceleration cylinder, a piston rod, and an electromagnetic chuck. The rigid reaction wall is installed above the rigid base, the pressure acceleration cylinder is installed on one side of the rigid reaction wall, the high-pressure air tank is installed above the rigid base, the air supply valve pipe is connected to the high-pressure air tank and the pressure acceleration cylinder respectively, the piston rod is slidably connected to the pressure acceleration cylinder and located on the inner side wall of the pressure acceleration cylinder, the electromagnetic chuck is fixedly connected to the piston rod and located at one end of the piston rod, and the electromagnetic chuck is adapted to the carrying trolley.

5. The test apparatus for simulating vehicle-ship collision with bridge piers as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The power supply assembly also includes a PLC control box, which is located above the rigid base and is electrically connected to the accelerometer, the laser displacement meter, the triaxial force sensor, the acceleration sensor, the high-pressure gas storage tank, the gas delivery valve pipe, and the electromagnetic chuck.

6. The test apparatus for simulating vehicle-ship collision with bridge piers as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The mounting assembly includes a right-angle plate and a reinforcing rib. The right-angle plate is fixedly connected to the ground anchor rail and is located on one side of the ground anchor rail. The right-angle plate is detachably connected to the rigid base. The reinforcing rib is fixedly connected to the right-angle plate and is located above the right-angle plate.

7. A test method for simulating vehicle-ship impact with bridge piers, applied to the test apparatus for simulating vehicle-ship impact with bridge piers as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The bridge pier model is fixed to the rigid base by the pre-embedded bolts, and the accelerometer is installed on the top of the bridge pier model and the laser displacement meter is installed on the side. The ground anchor rail is connected to the rigid base using the mounting assembly, and the carrying trolley is placed on the ground anchor rail; The triaxial force sensor is installed on one side of the carrier trolley and connected to the impact detection assembly; The power supply component drives the carrying trolley to accelerate along the ground anchor guide rail to a preset speed; The impact detection component triggers the triaxial force sensor, the accelerometer, and the laser displacement meter to simultaneously collect force, acceleration, and displacement data during the impact process; Replace the bridge pier model, adjust the power supply component parameters, and repeat the above steps to complete the multi-condition test.

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