Connecting device for high-temperature wind tunnel fast temperature rise and strong impact environment structural vibration test
By designing an irregularly shaped multi-layer heat insulation cover and a multi-directional threaded connection device, the signal drift and loosening problems of vibration sensors in high-temperature wind tunnels were solved, and stable measurement under high-temperature environments was achieved.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- CHINA AERODYNAMICS RES AND DEV CENT ULTRA-HIGH SPEED AERODYNAMICS RES INST
- Filing Date
- 2026-06-02
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-14
AI Technical Summary
Existing vibration sensors are difficult to accurately measure structural vibrations in high-temperature wind tunnels due to rapid temperature changes and strong airflow impacts, which can lead to signal drift and device loosening.
A connection device was designed, comprising an irregularly shaped multi-layer heat insulation cover, a heat insulation wire plug, a base adapter block, and a heat insulation mounting base. It employs multi-layer heat insulation materials and multi-directional threaded connections to ensure that the vibration sensor is stably installed in a high-temperature environment, isolating it from thermal loads and impacts.
It effectively prevents the vibration sensor signal from drifting in high-temperature environments, ensures the accuracy and stability of measurement data, extends service life, and provides reliable vibration data support.
Smart Images
Figure CN122385126A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of high-temperature wind tunnel equipment operation technology, specifically relating to a connection device for structural vibration testing in high-temperature wind tunnels under rapid temperature rise and strong impact environments. Background Technology
[0002] The flow field established in a high-temperature wind tunnel can effectively simulate the real flight environment. During operation, high-temperature, high-speed airflow passes rapidly through the wind tunnel, exposing the structural surfaces of the aircraft model and equipment within the flow field to a complex environment of coupled loads from multiple fields, including forces, heat, and mechanical vibrations. This can easily induce a decline in the thermal insulation performance of local structures, as well as dynamic strength and acoustic-vibration fatigue failures. As the testing period accumulates, the aerodynamic and thermodynamic environment faced by the aircraft model and equipment becomes increasingly severe, increasing the risk of structural reliability issues such as high-temperature deformation and vibration, seriously threatening the normal operation of the equipment and the quality of mission completion. Therefore, monitoring the vibration signals of the high-temperature wind tunnel aircraft model and its various systems is extremely important for assessing its working status, trends, lifespan, and even the overall safety and reliability of the high-temperature wind tunnel operation.
[0003] During high-temperature wind tunnel operation, the internal flow field temperature changes instantaneously. When a vibration sensor installed in the flow field comes into contact with the high-temperature combustion gas, the transient temperature generates a temperature gradient within the piezoelectric vibration sensor's housing and base, causing thermal stress to be transferred to the piezoelectric element. This results in a sudden change in the thermoelectric output signal, specifically manifested as an oscillating signal from the vibration sensor. Once the flow field temperature stabilizes, the signal rapidly decreases and gradually returns to a stable vibration value. Currently, commercially available high-temperature resistant vibration sensors can be used at relatively constant temperatures (e.g., 160℃) and even higher temperatures (e.g., 482℃). However, due to the inherent characteristics of piezoelectric elements, signal drift is inevitable when faced with transient temperatures. This is especially true when measuring vibrations in a high-temperature wind tunnel flow field, where temperature changes are too rapid. Without protective isolation measures, the measured vibration signal cannot accurately reflect the true vibration situation.
[0004] Traditional vibration sensor installation methods include magnetic attachment, threaded connection, and adhesive bonding. In high-temperature wind tunnel operation, the large flow rate and high temperature and pressure within the combustion chamber frequently lead to combustion instability, resulting in significant transient impacts and rapid changes in incoming flow temperature. Magnetic attachment and adhesive bonding offer weak stability, easily causing vibration sensors to loosen, detach, or become damaged. Threaded connections are often chosen for fixing vibration sensors; however, due to the high temperature and velocity of the airflow in high-temperature wind tunnels, threaded connections inevitably expose the vibration sensors to temperature and airflow erosion, making it difficult to obtain high-precision and effective data, and also easily damaging the sensors. Therefore, traditional vibration sensor installation methods are no longer suitable for the operating environment of high-temperature wind tunnels.
[0005] In order to accurately capture vibration data of aircraft models, equipment and structures in high temperature, high pressure, rapid temperature rise and high flow field, there is an urgent need to develop a connection device for structural vibration testing in high temperature wind tunnel rapid temperature rise and strong impact environment. Summary of the Invention
[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a connection device for structural vibration testing in high-temperature wind tunnels with rapid temperature rise and strong impact environments, so as to overcome the defects of the prior art.
[0007] This invention relates to a connection device for structural vibration testing in high-temperature wind tunnels under rapid temperature rise and strong impact environments. Through a specific assembly configuration of a multi-layered, irregularly shaped heat-insulating cover, a heat-insulating wiring plug, a base adapter, and a heat-insulating mounting base, it achieves heat-insulated assembly of the vibration sensor, effectively solving the problem of vibration signal drift and distortion interference under high-temperature environments. The entire measurement connection device includes a base adapter, a square gasket, a heat-insulating mounting base, a multi-layered, irregularly shaped heat-insulating cover, and a heat-insulating wiring plug. The multi-layered heat-insulating cover consists of two layers. The outer surface is coated with a zirconia coating to significantly block radiative heat transfer in the high-temperature flow field. A fiber sponge insulation layer and an aerogel insulation layer are stacked between the two layers, cyclically applied twice. The fiber sponge is made of zirconia fiber sponge to weaken and eliminate the thermal shock and shear force exerted by the high-temperature flow field on the vibration sensor surface. The aerogel is made of silica-based heat-insulating composite material to further reduce the thermal load, ensuring that the vibration sensor surface temperature does not exceed limits. The cyclical application significantly reduces temperature transfer. The heat-insulating cable guide is made of fiber sponge with slits on the side for the vibration sensor cable to pass through, and a through hole in the center for the cable to exit. The heat-insulating mounting base is a high-temperature resistant ceramic base with low thermal conductivity and high rigidity, ensuring slow heat conduction and no attenuation of vibration signal transmission. The circular and square perforated gaskets are made of PVC, further reducing temperature transfer. The base adapter is fixed to the outer wall of the device under test by welding. Furthermore, the entire heat insulation device employs multi-directional threaded connections; specifically, both the base adapter and the heat-insulating mounting base include four bolts distributed at the four corners, ensuring that the measuring device does not vibrate under strong impact, the vibration sensor does not loosen, and the measurement data accurately reflects the vibration characteristics of the tested component. The vibration sensor is installed with an M6 thread in the center of the heat-insulating mounting base, and the wind tunnel device under test and the base adapter are connected by welding.
[0008] The detailed technical solution of the connection device for structural vibration testing in high-temperature wind tunnels under rapid temperature rise and strong impact environments according to the present invention is as follows: The present invention provides a connection device for structural vibration testing in high-temperature wind tunnels under rapid temperature rise and strong impact environments. The device comprises, from bottom to top, a square base adapter block, a square perforated gasket, and a heat-insulating mounting base. The heat-insulating mounting base and the square perforated gasket are fixed to the base adapter block by heat-insulating mounting base bolts located at the four corners of the heat-insulating mounting base and passing through the heat-insulating mounting base and the square perforated gasket sequentially from top to bottom. The heat-insulating mounting base bolts are fitted with circular washers. A vibration sensor is installed at the center of the heat-insulating mounting base via a threaded connection. On the base adapter block, an irregularly shaped multi-layer heat insulation inner cover and an irregularly shaped multi-layer heat insulation outer cover are sequentially fitted from the inside to the outside. A matching irregularly shaped multi-layer heat insulation filling layer is provided between the irregularly shaped multi-layer heat insulation inner cover and the irregularly shaped multi-layer heat insulation outer cover. The irregularly shaped multi-layer heat insulation outer cover and the irregularly shaped multi-layer heat insulation inner cover are fixed to the base adapter block by heat insulation cover bolts located at the four corners of the base adapter block and passing through the irregularly shaped multi-layer heat insulation outer cover and the irregularly shaped multi-layer heat insulation inner cover from top to bottom. The irregularly shaped multi-layer heat insulation outer cover and the irregularly shaped multi-layer heat insulation inner cover are irregularly shaped square covers that match the square base adapter block and the heat insulation cover bolts. On the sides of the outer and inner covers of the irregularly shaped multi-layer heat insulation cover, heat insulation wire plugs are embedded. The heat insulation wire plugs are provided with through holes and cuts that communicate with the through holes. The vibration sensor cable passes through the cuts, enters the through holes, and then extends out of the vibration test connection device.
[0009] Furthermore, the base adapter block is fixed to the outer wall of the device under test by welding.
[0010] Furthermore, the square perforated gasket and the round gasket are PVC gaskets.
[0011] Furthermore, the heat-insulating mounting base is a high-temperature resistant ceramic base.
[0012] Furthermore, the outer surface of the irregularly shaped multi-layer heat insulation cover is coated with a zirconium oxide coating with heat radiation protection function; the filling layer of the irregularly shaped multi-layer heat insulation cover has a structure of fiber sponge heat insulation layer and aerogel heat insulation layer stacked twice in a cycle.
[0013] The connection device for structural vibration testing in high-temperature wind tunnels under rapid temperature rise and strong impact environments of the present invention has the following characteristics: 1. By using a combination of various heat insulation materials in an alternating and full-coverage manner in the surrounding environment and equipment contact surface of the vibration sensor, the heat load is isolated from the vibration sensor body to the maximum extent, thereby improving the temperature margin of the vibration sensor. 2. The combination of a sandwich-type heat insulation cover and a new type of heat insulation material fiber sponge with irregularly shaped plugs allows for flexible installation, disassembly, and easy replacement. It effectively prevents high-temperature airflow from entering the shell and further weakens and eliminates the effect of high-temperature flow field on the surface of the vibration sensor. 3. The combination of multi-hole thread and heat shield connection effectively protects the vibration sensor, ensuring it is stably installed on the surface of the test piece under strong impact and does not loosen or fly off.
[0014] In summary, the present invention provides a connection device for structural vibration testing in high-temperature wind tunnels under rapid temperature rise and strong impact environments. Addressing the temperature interference problem in vibration measurement of high-temperature wind tunnel equipment, this device features a multi-layered, irregularly shaped heat insulation cover, heat-insulating wiring plugs, a base adapter block, and a multi-directional threaded connection to the heat-insulating mounting base. This design not only ensures the vibration sensor is securely mounted on the outer wall under strong impact environments but also ensures that the internal sensitive elements of the vibration sensor remain unaffected under rapid temperature rise flow fields. This ensures the safe and stable operation of the vibration sensor, improves the reliability of the measured data, and enhances the signal-to-noise ratio.
[0015] In summary, the connection device for structural vibration testing in high-temperature wind tunnels under rapid temperature rise and strong impact environments of the present invention comprehensively adopts heat-insulated full-coverage assembly and multi-directional threaded connection, effectively solving the problem of vibration signal drift and distortion interference in the complex environment of high-temperature wind tunnel equipment. It effectively protects the vibration sensor from high-temperature interference, and avoids the problem of vibration sensor loosening and flying out under strong impact during wind tunnel operation, thus extending the service life of the vibration sensor. It ensures that accurate vibration data is continuously provided to the wind tunnel data acquisition system during wind tunnel operation, providing data support for the structural performance evaluation and health status monitoring of wind tunnel equipment. Attached Figure Description
[0016] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this disclosure. It is obvious that the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of this disclosure, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any inventive effort. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings.
[0017] Figure 1a This is a schematic diagram (cross-sectional view) of the connection device for structural vibration testing in a high-temperature wind tunnel under rapid temperature rise and strong impact environment according to the present invention. Figure 1b This is a schematic diagram (three-dimensional view) of the connection device for structural vibration testing in a high-temperature wind tunnel under rapid temperature rise and strong impact environment according to the present invention. Figure 2a This is a schematic diagram (top view) of the base adapter block structure in the connection device for structural vibration testing in a high-temperature wind tunnel with rapid temperature rise and strong impact environment according to the present invention. Figure 2b This is a schematic diagram (side view) of the base adapter block structure in the connection device for structural vibration testing in a high-temperature wind tunnel with rapid temperature rise and strong impact environment according to the present invention. Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the square perforated gasket structure in the connection device for structural vibration testing in a high-temperature wind tunnel with rapid temperature rise and strong impact environment according to the present invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the heat-insulating mounting base structure in the connection device for structural vibration testing in a high-temperature wind tunnel with rapid temperature rise and strong impact environment according to the present invention. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram (cross-sectional view) of the irregular multi-layer heat insulation cover filling layer structure in the connection device for structural vibration testing in high-temperature wind tunnel rapid temperature rise and strong impact environment of the present invention. Figure 6a This is a schematic diagram (top view) of the irregularly shaped multi-layer heat insulation cover structure in the connection device for structural vibration testing in a high-temperature wind tunnel with rapid temperature rise and strong impact environment according to the present invention. Figure 6b This is a side view of the irregularly shaped multi-layer heat insulation cover structure in the connection device for structural vibration testing in a high-temperature wind tunnel with rapid temperature rise and strong impact environment according to the present invention. Figure 6c This is a schematic diagram (cross-sectional view) of the irregularly shaped multi-layer heat insulation cover structure in the connection device for structural vibration testing in a high-temperature wind tunnel with rapid temperature rise and strong impact environment according to the present invention. Figure 7a This is a top view of the inner structure of the irregularly shaped multi-layer heat insulation cover in the connection device for structural vibration testing in a high-temperature wind tunnel with rapid temperature rise and strong impact environment according to the present invention. Figure 7b This is a side view of the inner structure of the irregularly shaped multi-layer heat insulation cover in the connection device for structural vibration testing in a high-temperature wind tunnel with rapid temperature rise and strong impact environment according to the present invention. Figure 7c This is a schematic diagram (cross-sectional view) of the inner cover structure of the irregular multi-layer heat insulation cover in the connection device for structural vibration testing in a high-temperature wind tunnel with rapid temperature rise and strong impact environment according to the present invention. Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the heat-insulating wire-threading plug structure in the connection device for structural vibration testing in a high-temperature wind tunnel with rapid temperature rise and strong impact environment according to the present invention. Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the circular gasket structure in the connection device for structural vibration testing in a high-temperature wind tunnel under rapid temperature rise and strong impact environment according to the present invention.
[0018] In the diagram: 1. Base adapter block; 2. Square perforated gasket; 3. Thermal insulation mounting base; 4. Irregularly shaped multi-layer thermal insulation cover filling layer; 5. Irregularly shaped multi-layer thermal insulation cover outer cover; 6. Irregularly shaped multi-layer thermal insulation cover inner cover; 7. Thermal insulation wiring plug; 8. Circular gasket; 9. Vibration sensor. Detailed Implementation
[0019] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
[0020] Example: Figures 1a-1b , Figures 2a-2b , Figures 3-5 , Figures 6a-6c , Figures 7a-7c , Figures 8-9 As shown, the connection device for structural vibration testing in a high-temperature wind tunnel under rapid temperature rise and strong impact environments in this embodiment includes a square base adapter block 1, a square perforated gasket 2, and a heat insulation mounting base 3 stacked sequentially from bottom to top. The heat insulation mounting base 3 and the square perforated gasket 2 are fixed to the base adapter block 1 by heat insulation mounting base bolts located at the four corners of the heat insulation mounting base 3 and passing through the heat insulation mounting base 3 and the square perforated gasket 2 sequentially from top to bottom. The heat insulation mounting base bolts are matched with circular washers 8. A vibration sensor 9 is installed in the center of the heat insulation mounting base 3 by threaded connection. On the base adapter block 1, an irregularly shaped multi-layer heat insulation cover inner cover 6 and an irregularly shaped multi-layer heat insulation cover outer cover 5 are sequentially fitted from the inside to the outside. A matching irregularly shaped multi-layer heat insulation cover filling layer 4 is provided between the irregularly shaped multi-layer heat insulation cover inner cover 6 and the irregularly shaped multi-layer heat insulation cover outer cover 5 and the irregularly shaped multi-layer heat insulation cover inner cover 6. The irregularly shaped multi-layer heat insulation cover outer cover 5 and the irregularly shaped multi-layer heat insulation cover inner cover 6 are fixed to the base adapter block 1 by heat insulation cover bolts located at the four corners of the base adapter block 1 and passing through the irregularly shaped multi-layer heat insulation cover outer cover 5 and the irregularly shaped multi-layer heat insulation cover inner cover 6 sequentially from top to bottom. The irregularly shaped multi-layer heat insulation cover outer cover 5 and the irregularly shaped multi-layer heat insulation cover inner cover 6 are irregularly shaped square covers that match the square base adapter block 1 and the heat insulation cover bolts. On the sides of the outer cover 5 and the inner cover 6 of the irregular multi-layer heat insulation cover, heat insulation wire plugs 7 are embedded. The heat insulation wire plugs 7 are provided with through holes and cuts that communicate with the through holes. The vibration sensor 9 cable passes through the cuts, enters the through holes, and extends out of the vibration test connection device.
[0021] Furthermore, the base adapter block 1 is fixed to the outer wall of the device under test by welding.
[0022] Furthermore, the square perforated gasket 2 and the circular gasket 8 are PVC gaskets.
[0023] Furthermore, the heat-insulating mounting base 3 is a high-temperature resistant ceramic base.
[0024] Furthermore, the outer cover 5 of the irregularly shaped multi-layer heat insulation cover is coated with a zirconium oxide coating with heat radiation protection function; the filling layer 4 of the irregularly shaped multi-layer heat insulation cover is composed of a fiber sponge heat insulation layer and an aerogel heat insulation layer stacked twice in a cycle.
[0025] The installation process of the connection device for structural vibration testing in a high-temperature wind tunnel with rapid temperature rise and strong impact environment, as described in this embodiment, is as follows: First, weld the base adapter block 1 to the surface of the object being tested. Then, stack a square perforated gasket 2 and a heat insulation mounting base 3 in the middle of the base adapter block 1, aligning the threaded mounting holes of the square perforated gasket 2 and the heat insulation mounting base 3. First, glue them together with high-temperature adhesive, then tighten them with bolts. The vibration sensor 9 with a cable is then threaded onto the heat insulation mounting base 3. Two layers of fiber sponge insulation and aerogel insulation are stacked, each about 2 mm thick. The layers are then inserted into the shaped multi-layer heat insulation cover filling layer 4 and sealed tightly. The distance between the outer cover 5 and the inner cover 6 of the shaped multi-layer heat insulation cover is about 8 mm. After the insulation material is installed, the outer cover 5 and the inner cover 6 of the shaped multi-layer heat insulation cover are bolted to the four corners of the base adapter block 1. The cable of the vibration sensor 9 passes through the lead wire pre-drilled holes on the side of the inner cover 6 and the outer cover 5 of the shaped multi-layer heat insulation cover. The heat insulation wire plug 7 is made of fiber sponge, and the thickness of the fiber sponge is slightly thicker than the thickness of the shaped multi-layer heat insulation cover filling layer 4. The main purpose is to facilitate the sealing of the heat insulation wire plug and prevent hot air from entering the cover body, which would cause the sensor surface temperature to rise too high. The sensor cable passes through the side cut of the heat insulation wire plug and is fixed at the through hole. The heat insulation wire plug 7 with the cable is inserted into the shaped multi-layer heat insulation cover filling layer 4. Finally, the vibration sensor 9 cable was connected to the data acquisition system of the high-temperature wind tunnel to provide data parameters for the high-temperature operation and long-term thermal testing of various equipment.
[0026] The connection device for structural vibration testing in a high-temperature wind tunnel under rapid temperature rise and strong impact environment in this embodiment achieves thermal insulation installation between the outer wall of the tested equipment in the high-temperature wind tunnel and the vibration sensor 9, significantly blocking radiative heat transfer in the high-temperature flow field, weakening and eliminating the thermal shock and shear force exerted by the high-temperature flow field on the sensor surface, while ensuring that the measuring device does not shake and the vibration sensor 9 does not loosen under strong impact, and that the measurement data can truly reflect the vibration characteristics of the tested component.
[0027] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and embodiments. For those skilled in the art, all features disclosed in the present invention, or all steps in all methods or processes disclosed, except for mutually exclusive features and / or steps, can be combined in any way without departing from the principles of the present invention. The present invention is not limited to the specific details and illustrations shown and described herein.
Claims
1. A connection device for structural vibration testing in high-temperature wind tunnels under rapid temperature rise and strong impact environments, characterized in that, The vibration test connection device includes a square base adapter block (1), a square perforated gasket (2), and a heat insulation mounting base (3) stacked from bottom to top. The heat insulation mounting base (3) and the square perforated gasket (2) are fixed to the base adapter block (1) by heat insulation mounting base bolts located at the four corners of the heat insulation mounting base (3) and passing through the heat insulation mounting base (3) and the square perforated gasket (2) from top to bottom. The heat insulation mounting base bolts are matched with round gaskets (8). A vibration sensor (9) is installed in the center of the heat insulation mounting base (3) by threaded connection. On the base adapter block (1), an irregularly shaped multi-layer heat insulation cover inner cover (6) and an irregularly shaped multi-layer heat insulation cover outer cover (5) are sequentially fitted from the inside to the outside. A matching irregularly shaped multi-layer heat insulation cover filling layer (4) is provided between the irregularly shaped multi-layer heat insulation cover inner cover (6) and the irregularly shaped multi-layer heat insulation cover outer cover (5). The irregularly shaped multi-layer heat insulation cover outer cover (5) and the irregularly shaped multi-layer heat insulation cover inner cover (6) are fixed to the base adapter block (1) by heat insulation cover bolts located at the four corners of the base adapter block (1) and passing through the irregularly shaped multi-layer heat insulation cover outer cover (5) and the irregularly shaped multi-layer heat insulation cover inner cover (6) sequentially from top to bottom. The irregularly shaped multi-layer heat insulation cover outer cover (5) and the irregularly shaped multi-layer heat insulation cover inner cover (6) are irregularly shaped square covers that match the square base adapter block (1) and the heat insulation cover bolts. On the sides of the outer cover (5) and inner cover (6) of the irregular multi-layer heat insulation cover, heat insulation wire plugs (7) are embedded. The heat insulation wire plugs (7) are provided with through holes and cuts that communicate with the through holes. The vibration sensor (9) cable passes through the cuts and enters the through holes before extending out to the vibration test connection device.
2. The connection device for structural vibration testing in high-temperature wind tunnels under rapid temperature rise and strong impact environments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base adapter block (1) is fixed to the outer wall of the device under test by welding.
3. The connection device for structural vibration testing in high-temperature wind tunnels under rapid temperature rise and strong impact environments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The square perforated gasket (2) and the round gasket (8) are PVC gaskets.
4. The connection device for structural vibration testing in high-temperature wind tunnels under rapid temperature rise and strong impact environments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat-insulating mounting base (3) is a high-temperature resistant ceramic base.
5. The connection device for structural vibration testing in high-temperature wind tunnels under rapid temperature rise and strong impact environments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer cover (5) of the irregular multi-layer heat insulation cover is coated with a zirconium oxide coating with heat radiation protection function; the filling layer (4) of the irregular multi-layer heat insulation cover is composed of fiber sponge heat insulation layer and aerogel heat insulation layer stacked twice.