Sample liquid sedimentation treatment device for silkworm queen moth inspection and method for preparing sample liquid

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of silkworm egg moth inspection sample liquid sedimentation treatment device and the method for preparing sample liquid thereof, belong to silkworm egg moth quarantine equipment technical field.The device is for the problems of large deviation in manual operation, low efficiency and poor perpendicularity of sample stick placement, uneven oscillation dissolution effect of potassium hydroxide solution injection amount.By the water tank of liquid injection module, cooperate with the water pump drive to bring the quantitative nozzle of liquid injection head to the sample liquid cup Quantitative injection solution;Sample stick placement module's stick outlet device makes sample stick movablely inserted into cup and retains activity gap through stick outlet;Oscillation dissolution module's tray sets up anti-rollover slot to limit sample liquid cup, and vibration device drives tray to make sample stick synchronous agitate precipitate;Liquid injection module, sample stick placement module and oscillation dissolution module are connected in series by guide rail or chute to realize the sequential flow of sample liquid cup.The device is used for moth sample liquid sedimentation automatic liquid injection oscillation dissolution processing, improves sample liquid sedimentation processing efficiency and accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of sericulture quarantine technology, specifically a device for precipitating and treating test samples of silkworm mother moths and a method for preparing test samples of mother moths. Background Technology

[0002] The inspection of silkworm mother moths is a crucial step in ensuring the quality of silkworm eggs. In this inspection, the quality of the sample solution precipitation treatment directly affects the accuracy of subsequent microscopic examination and the assessment of silkworm egg quality. The standard sample solution precipitation treatment procedure typically includes: grinding, filtering, and centrifuging the mother moth tissue; removing the supernatant and retaining the precipitate containing the target substance at the bottom of the sample cup (or sample tube); adding a specific amount of potassium hydroxide solution to the precipitate; then shaking to dissolve the precipitate fully or uniformly suspend it in the solution; finally, using a sampling rod to pick up the well-mixed sample solution for spot testing.

[0003] Currently, the above-mentioned sample precipitation process, especially the core steps of adding potassium hydroxide solution, placing the sampling rod, and shaking to dissolve, mainly relies on manual operation, such as... Figure 8 The image shows a manual dissolution process using shaking. Figure 9 The image shows a manual spotting operation using a spotting stick. This method presents the following significant technical challenges in practical applications: 1. When manually adding potassium hydroxide solution to the sample cup, it is difficult to precisely control the amount added each time. Inconsistency in the amount added may cause the solution concentration to deviate from the required range, thus affecting the dissolution of precipitates and the final physicochemical properties of the sample solution (such as viscosity and ionic strength). This difference directly affects the uniformity of sample spotting and the accuracy and comparability of subsequent microscopic examination results. Achieving stable and accurate quantitative addition, especially maintaining consistency when processing multiple samples consecutively, is a bottleneck that is difficult to overcome in manual operation. The main reasons are the inherent variability of manual operation and the lack of a reliable real-time quantitative feedback mechanism.

[0004] 2. Placing the sampling sticks is a seemingly simple but crucial operation that affects subsequent steps. Manual placement is time-consuming and labor-intensive, reducing overall processing efficiency and making it difficult to guarantee fast and accurate placement when processing large numbers of samples.

[0005] 3. Agitation dissolution is a crucial step in ensuring the complete dissolution or uniform suspension of precipitates. Manual agitation (usually by hand or with a simple shaker) presents challenges in standardizing the force, frequency, amplitude, and duration. This leads to significant fluctuations in agitation results between different operators, and even between different batches by the same operator. Insufficient agitation may result in incomplete dissolution and uneven distribution of precipitates; excessive agitation may generate excessive foam or cause sample splashing. This instability directly threatens the uniformity and representativeness of the sample solution, thus affecting the reliability of spotting testing. Furthermore, manual agitation is inefficient, becoming one of the main bottlenecks restricting the speed of large-scale sample testing. Achieving stable, efficient, and controllable agitation, and ensuring that the spotting rod effectively impacts the cup wall during agitation to accelerate precipitate stripping and dissolution, are requirements that are difficult to meet using manual methods. More advanced dissolution equipment, such as ultrasonic equipment, may affect the accuracy of the sample solution, causing false negatives or false positives, and may not be compatible with the spotting rod, requiring an additional step after dissolution to change tools (such as using a specialized spotting rod) to pick up the sample solution for spotting, which not only increases operational complexity but also time.

[0006] In summary, existing methods for treating moth test samples by manual operation present significant technical challenges in terms of quantitative accuracy of liquid addition, efficiency and precision of sample stick placement, and stability and efficiency of agitation dissolution. Introducing advanced technologies such as ultrasonic oscillation may generate localized high temperatures or mechanical stress due to cavitation effects, potentially affecting the viability of biological samples. Furthermore, these methods typically require additional sample transfer steps, raising new issues such as potential compromise to sample accuracy and incompatibility with existing sample stick application procedures. These challenges stem from the inherent limitations of manual operation and the lack of standardized control, restricting the efficiency, stability, and accuracy of the testing process, and urgently requiring solutions through technological means. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This invention addresses the technical problems of insufficient accuracy in potassium hydroxide solution dosing during manual operation, low efficiency in sample stick placement, and poor stirring effect of precipitate during oscillation. It provides an integrated process that integrates quantitative solution dosing, automatic sample stick placement, and synchronous mechanical stirring during oscillation, and offers a precipitation treatment device for mother moth test samples.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a precipitation treatment device for test sample liquid from female moths, comprising: The liquid injection module has a water tank with a built-in stirrer and concentration sensor. The water tank is connected to an injection head with a metering nozzle via a water pump. It is used to quantitatively inject potassium hydroxide solution into the sample cup and then transfer it to the sample dispensing module. The sample dispensing module includes a dispensing device with a dispensing port for movably inserting the sample dispensing rod downward into the sample cup. A movable gap is maintained between the sample dispensing rod and the inner wall of the sample cup, and its top end is not rigidly clamped and fixed. The sample cup with the movable sample dispensing rod is transferred to the oscillation and dissolution module. The oscillation dissolution module is equipped with a tray with an anti-tipping slot, which is adapted to the sample cup to limit the sample cup carrying the sample rod. It is also equipped with a vibration device to drive the tray to oscillate the sample cup with the sample rod inserted, so that the sample rod can synchronously stir the precipitate to accelerate dissolution. The sample stick, after oscillation, is directly used as a sample dispensing tool to pick up the sample liquid for testing. The liquid dispensing module, sample stick dispensing module, and oscillation dissolution module are connected in series via guide rails or chutes to achieve sequential flow of the sample liquid cup.

[0009] Furthermore, since the sample solution is prone to deterioration at room temperature after shaking, a constant temperature protective environment needs to be established and automatic sealed transfer after shaking needs to be achieved. Preferably, the device of the present invention further includes a sample solution platform protection module, which includes: a refrigerated platform with a built-in temperature control device for maintaining a set temperature environment; a transparent protective cover covering the refrigerated platform, with an inlet and a sampling port respectively opened on the side wall; wherein, the transparent protective cover covers the sample solution cup, and the inlet is connected to a guide rail or slide, so that the sample solution cup can enter the refrigerated platform from the shaking and dissolving module.

[0010] To reduce the impact of the sampling rod on the cup mouth during oscillation and ensure the rod vibrates freely and efficiently, this method solves the technical problem of poor performance of traditional oscillation methods. Preferably, the transparent protective cover of the device of the present invention also covers the tray of the oscillation dissolution module. The inner top surface of the transparent protective cover is provided with a guide receiving groove corresponding to the position of the sample cup. The guide receiving groove includes: a guide flared mouth, which is open in the material receiving direction of the sample dispensing module (i.e., its opening faces the direction in which the sample cup moves from the sample dispensing module to the oscillation dissolution module), with an opening angle of 40°~50° and a depth of 8~12mm, for guiding the tip of the sample dispensing rod into the oscillation dissolution module; a limiting cavity, which is 0.5-1.0mm larger than the sample dispensing rod to accommodate the tip of the sample dispensing rod, with a depth of 15~20mm; and an elastic liner, which is a medical silicone layer covering the inner wall of the guide receiving groove, with a thickness of 1.5~2.0mm. When the sample dispensing rod is inserted into the sample cup, its tip extends into the guide receiving groove. The guide flared mouth corrects the initial tilt angle of the sample dispensing rod to ≤3°. The limiting cavity allows the sample dispensing rod to produce a radial displacement of ≤2.5mm during vibration. The movable cavity allows the tip of the sample dispensing rod to produce radial movement during vibration, while preventing it from falling out of the sample cup.

[0011] Fixed-frequency oscillation leads to uneven dissolution of the precipitate, and to prevent tipping during oscillation, the oscillation intensity is adjustable and tipping-proof. Preferably, the oscillation dissolution module of the device of the present invention includes: a vibration motor, the base of which is directly fixed to the bottom of the tray, and an adjustable power controller for adjusting the oscillation intensity and frequency of the vibration motor; the tray is provided with several parallel anti-tipping slots, the depth of each slot being 1 / 2 to 2 / 3 of the height of the sample cup, and the slot width being clearance-fitted with the outer diameter of the sample cup to form an anti-tipping structure; a flexible pad is provided on the bottom surface of the slot, the bottom surface of the guide rail, or the bottom surface of the slide to buffer the impact of the sample rod; wherein, the vibration motor drives the tray to vibrate, causing the sample rod inserted into the sample cup to impact circumferentially along the cup wall during oscillation, simultaneously agitating the precipitate and accelerating dissolution.

[0012] Since splashing of liquid is unavoidable during oscillation, posing a risk of contamination, and the sample solution exhibits strong adhesion to the cup wall after centrifugation, making it difficult to peel off and dissolve, it is preferable that the bottom surface of the slot, guide rail, or chute of this device is provided with an inclined guide surface, and a leakage hole is opened at the lowest point of the inclined guide surface to connect to the collection chamber for collecting residual liquid splashed during oscillation. The bottom of the sampling rod is covered with an elastic impact head, the surface of which is distributed with raised textures to enhance the peeling effect on the cup wall sediment. A pressure sensor is embedded in the flexible pad, and the pressure sensor is connected to the adjustable power controller for real-time monitoring of the dynamic pressure generated by the sample cup on the tray during oscillation. The adjustable power controller is configured to automatically reduce the oscillation intensity of the vibration motor or stop oscillation when the signal characteristic value of the dynamic pressure exceeds a preset safety threshold, thereby achieving overload protection.

[0013] Because smooth rod tips are difficult to effectively remove viscous precipitates and carry small amounts of sample solution, they are not suitable for spotting. Sometimes, multiple dips are needed to spot a sufficient amount of sample, and the uniformity of sample release is poor. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the sample solution adsorption capacity and achieve efficient removal of precipitates. Preferably, the elastic impact head of this device is a silicone sleeve, which is tightly fitted to the bottom of the spotting rod. A spotting head is provided at the end of the silicone sleeve. The spotting head includes a microporous structure or capillary groove structure opened at the end of the silicone sleeve for adhering the sample solution; the raised texture is a spiral structure of raised ridges that surround the outer wall of the sleeve, with a pitch of 1~3mm and an inclination angle of 20°~30°, which is used to enhance stirring and scrape off the precipitate on the cup wall during oscillation.

[0014] Furthermore, insufficient deformation of the rigid sampling head leads to incomplete sample release, and the large contact angle of the hydrophobic surface easily causes the sample to spherically aggregate at the tip, hindering sample release or resulting in uneven release and sparse distribution of the target substance in the microscopic field of view. Therefore, it is necessary to trigger rapid release and enhance the uniformity of sampling through microstructural compression deformation. Preferably, the capillary grooves of the sampling head of this device are arranged radially, extending radially from the central elastic tip to the edge, with a depth of 80~120μm and a width of 100~150μm; the Shore A hardness of the elastic tip is Shore A 20~40, and a hemispherical protrusion is provided at the top of the elastic tip. When the hemispherical protrusion contacts the sampling plate, compression deformation occurs, and the deformation rate is ≥15%, triggering the release of sample from the capillary groove. The inner wall of the capillary groove is coated with a hydrophilic nano-silica coating, and the contact angle of the coating is ≤30°.

[0015] To address the challenges of time-consuming manual single-sample handling and the potential for cross-contamination during the liquid addition, rod insertion, and shaking separation processes, an automated production line is needed to seamlessly integrate these three steps. This invention provides a method for preparing a test sample solution from a female moth using the aforementioned device, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Place the sample cup on the cup holder. The cup holder moves to the position directly below the liquid injection module via the guide rail or slide. The potassium hydroxide solution in the water tank is quantitatively injected into the sample cup through the injection head by the water pump. At the same time, the concentration sensor monitors the concentration of potassium hydroxide solution in the water tank, and the stirrer maintains the homogeneity of the potassium hydroxide solution. Step 2: After the sample liquid cup is filled, it moves with the cup holder to the work position below the sample dispensing module. The sample dispensing rod is movably inserted into the sample liquid cup through the rod dispensing device, and a movable gap is maintained between the sample dispensing rod and the inner wall of the cup. Step 3: The sample cup with the inserted sampling rod moves to the tray of the oscillation dissolution module along with the cup holder. The anti-tipping groove of the sample cup and the tray forms an anti-tipping fit. The tray is driven to oscillate by the vibration motor, so that the sampling rod hits the cup wall synchronously to stir and dissolve the precipitate. Step 4: Remove the sample stick after oscillation and perform sample detection.

[0016] To further reduce the impact of the spotting rod on the cup opening when the guide receiving groove is not aligned, and to improve the uniformity of spotting, preferably, in the method of the present invention, step 3 is performed under a transparent protective cover. During the process of the sample cup with the inserted spotting rod moving with the cup holder to the tray of the oscillation dissolution module, the top of the spotting rod is constrained by the guide receiving groove on the inner top surface of the protective cover, the initial tilt angle is guided and corrected to ≤3° using the guide flare, and the radial offset of the oscillation is limited to ≤2.5mm by the limiting cavity; the inclined guide surface on the bottom surface of the tray slot, or the bottom surface of the guide rail, or the bottom surface of the slide collects the splashed residual liquid and guides it into the collection cavity through the leakage hole; the elastic impact head at the bottom of the spotting rod scrapes the cup wall with spiral convex ridges to remove sediment; when the pressure sensor detects that the impact force exceeds the threshold, the oscillation intensity is automatically reduced; In step 4, during sample application, the sample liquid adheres to the radial capillary grooves at the end of the silicone tip. The hydrophilic nano-silica coating promotes the sample liquid wetting of the sample application head. After the hemispherical protrusion of the elastic tip contacts the sample plate, the deformation rate is ≥15%, triggering the release of the sample liquid from the sample application head.

[0017] Preferably, after step 3, the sample cup is transferred to a refrigerated platform, which is maintained at a set temperature by a temperature control device.

[0018] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention achieves low-error potassium hydroxide dosing through a quantitative nozzle, and the dispensing device ensures rapid insertion of the dispensing rod into the sample cup with minimal initial verticality deviation. A vibrating tray drives the dispensing rod to intermittently collide with the cup wall, improving precipitate removal efficiency. The three modules connected in series via guide rails shorten single-sample processing time and increase efficiency. A transparent protective cover reduces the risk of environmental contaminant adhesion, a temperature control device maintains a suitable temperature environment to minimize pathogen activity attenuation and ensure experimental accuracy, and the actuator automatically transfers the sample, avoiding manual contact.

[0019] 2. This invention uses a guide horn to converge the initial tilt angle of the spotting rod, reducing impact on the cup mouth. The elastic liner provides flexible restraint, allowing the rod to generate effective radial displacement during oscillation to improve the stirring effect. The adjustable power controller adapts to samples of different viscosities. The anti-tipping groove depth design reduces sample cup tipping. The flexible pad absorbs high-frequency impact energy, reducing the risk of spotting rod breakage or sample cup rupture.

[0020] 3. The inclined guide surface of this invention can collect splashed residual liquid, and the spiral convex structure improves the peeling force against sediment on the cup wall. The pressure sensor linkage control avoids impact overload damage to the cup body. The capillary groove structure increases the sample carrying capacity, enabling effective spotting in one go, avoiding the need for multiple spottings due to insufficient sample carrying capacity of the smooth rod head, thus improving efficiency. Moreover, the spiral convex ridge generates eddies during oscillation, enhancing mixing uniformity. The hydrophilic coating allows the sample liquid to quickly and uniformly wet the silicone sleeve spotting head, preventing the sample liquid from spherically agglomerating at the spotting head and causing uneven spotting. Furthermore, the effective deformation of the hemispherical protrusion can trigger the complete release of sample liquid in the capillary groove, further improving spotting uniformity.

[0021] 4. The method of this invention, based on the aforementioned device, employs a seamless three-step process, effectively improving efficiency, reducing cross-contamination rates, and standardizing operations to reduce manual intervention to only placing empty sample cups and retrieving finished products. The guide container and pressure sensor control work together to ensure zero damage during the oscillation process. Sample release deformation triggering not only improves sample uniformity but also avoids damage to the sample plate, extending consumable lifespan. After oscillation, the sample enters a temperature-controlled environment, reducing the risk of pathogen inactivation and minimizing the impact of temperature on test results. The closed-loop operation also ensures safety.

[0022] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will become apparent in part from the following description, and in part from those skilled in the art through study and practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a front structural schematic diagram of the mother moth test sample liquid precipitation treatment device of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a side view of the precipitation treatment device for the test sample liquid of the female moth of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the first structure of the oscillation dissolution module of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a second structure of the oscillation dissolution module of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the transparent protective cover of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the transparent protective cover and the oscillation dissolution module of the present invention. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the sampling rod of the present invention; Figure 8 Images of a manually operated sampling rod during vibration; Figure 9 Images of a manual spotting rod being used for spotting.

[0024] The components include: operating table 1, support 2, liquid dispensing module 10, water tank 101, stirrer 102, concentration sensor 103, water pump 104, nozzle 105, sample rod dispensing module 20, rod dispensing device 201, rod dispensing port 202, sample cup 301, sample rod 302, elastic impact head 303, raised texture 304, capillary groove 305, tip 306, protrusion 307, cup holder 3011, oscillation dissolution module 40, vibration motor 401, slot 402, and tray. Disc 403, driver 404, base 405, drive belt 4041, drive motor 4042, flexible pad 408, inclined guide surface 409, pressure sensor 412, sample liquid platform protection module 5, protective cover 501, refrigeration platform 502, temperature control device 503, sample inlet 504, sampling port 505, guide receiving groove 515, guide flare 516, limiting cavity 517, elastic liner 518, guide rail 601, guide rail motor 602, drive wheel 603. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to examples, so that those skilled in the art can implement it based on the description.

[0026] It should be understood that terms such as “having,” “comprising,” and “including” as used herein do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or combinations thereof.

[0027] As shown in Figures 1-7, an example of a sedimentation treatment device for test samples from female moths provided by the present invention includes: The dispensing module 10 includes a water tank 101, a stirrer 102, a concentration sensor 103, a water pump 104, and a metering nozzle 105. In the illustration, the dispensing module 10 is mounted on a bracket 2 of the operating table 1. The bracket 2 can be a box-type structure with open ends and closed sides, or it can be an open structure on all sides, as long as it can securely install the dispensing module 10 and the sample dispensing module 20. The water tank 101 can be a 5L (or other required volume) 316L stainless steel container or a food-grade plastic container. A conical bottom is preferred to facilitate solution drainage; the flat bottom shown in the illustration is merely an example. The stirrer 102 can be a stirring device with stirring blades, and the speed range can be set to 200-500 rpm to maintain the homogeneity of the potassium hydroxide solution. The concentration sensor 103 can be an immersion conductivity probe, installed in the lower part of the side wall of the water tank, to monitor in real time whether the solution concentration reaches the set range, such as 0.1-1.0 mol / L. The water pump 104 can be a miniature peristaltic pump, connected to the water tank outlet and the metering nozzle 105 via a silicone hose. The inner diameter of the metering nozzle 105 can be set to 1.5 mm. The metering nozzle can be fixed or lifting, such as being located at the movable end of a cylinder, driven by the cylinder to rise and fall 30 mm directly above the sample cup 301. During operation, after the sample cup enters the position below the dispensing module 10, the sample cup aligns with the dispensing head. The PLC can control the water pump to draw 3.0 ml of solution, and the PLC controls the cylinder to drive the nozzle to descend accurately to dispense the solution into the sample cup before rising back to its original position. This module can achieve a dispensing volume error of less than ±0.1 ml and a concentration fluctuation of no more than 0.05 mol / L.

[0028] The sample dispensing module 20 consists of a dispensing device 201 and a dispensing port 202. The dispensing device 201 can be a stepper motor-driven device, storing sample dispensing rods internally. The dispensing port 202 is located at the bottom of the storage device, and the rod is dispensed downwards from the port by the stepper motor drive, with the port coaxially aligned with the sample cup. Alternatively, the dispensing device 201 can dispense rods solely by gravity. In the example shown, the dispensing device 201 stores sample dispensing rods internally, with a dispensing port at the bottom, and is equipped with electric valves that open and close the port sequentially. When the electric valves are open, the sample dispensing rod falls vertically from the dispensing port into the sample cup directly below by gravity. The guide rail 601 can be a conveyor belt driven by the guide rail motor 602 or other linearly driven alternative devices. In one example, as shown in Figure 2, a guide rail, chute, or rail is provided on the top of the operating table, including but not limited to various commonly used structures such as rails, chutes, and rails. Several sample cups, along with their cup holders 3011, are placed on a guide rail or chute. A guide rail motor 602, a drive wheel 603, and a conveyor belt are mounted on the side of the guide rail or chute. The guide rail motor 602 coaxially drives the drive wheel 603 to rotate. The drive wheel 603, in conjunction with the conveyor belt, drives the conveyor belt to rotate. The conveyor belt contacts the side or bottom of the cup holder, thereby driving the cup holder and sample cups forward along the guide rail or chute. In one working process, the sample cups, after centrifugation, are placed one by one into the cup holder, which is then placed into the guide rail or chute and driven forward. When the sample cups flow through the guide rail or chute to the bar-feeding station, a position sensor detects that they are in position. At this point, the bar-feeding port of the bar-feeding device 201 corresponds to each sample cup, and the bar-feeding device 201 initiates bar feeding. The sample bar 302, under the influence of gravity, is vertically released from the bar-feeding port 202 and falls into the sample cup below. Due to release height, airflow, or slight contact with the cup rim, the sample dispensing rod 302 may tilt slightly when it falls to the bottom of the cup. A movable gap is designed between the sample dispensing rod 302 and the sample cup wall, and its top is not rigidly clamped, ensuring its mobility and providing space for subsequent oscillation. The sample cup carrying the dispensing rod then continues to flow to the oscillation station. The time required for the cup to flow to the oscillation station after placement is short, making it very fast and efficient.

[0029] The oscillation dissolution module 40 includes a vibration motor 401, an anti-tipping slot 402, and a tray 403. The tray 403 can be made of aluminum alloy sheet with surface-machined guide rails or grooves, including but not limited to various common structures such as guide rails or grooves. The size of the guide rail or groove matches the cup holder of the sample liquid, allowing the cup holder with the sample liquid to flow onto the tray via the guide rail or groove. A rectangular anti-tipping slot 402 with a depth of approximately 20mm (the actual depth can be set according to the height of the sample liquid cup) is fixedly installed on the tray. In the illustration, the slot is formed by two right-angled plates, and the width of the slot is 0.2mm larger than the outer diameter of the sample liquid cup. The vibration motor 401 can be an eccentric rotor type, vertically fixed to the center of the bottom of the tray with bolts. The tray is mounted on the base 405 by support springs, thus enabling vibration. The frequency adjustment range of the vibration motor 401 can be set as needed, for example, 10-50Hz. In one working process, the sample cup holder moves from the guide rail or chute onto the tray, the sample cup is inserted into the slot, and then the vibration motor 401 is started to drive the tray to oscillate back and forth. The amplitude is set to ±3mm, and the duration is 10~120 seconds. The sample rod 302 impacts the cup wall under inertia, causing the precipitate to detach from the cup wall and also stirring the precipitate evenly, while preventing the sample cup from tipping over.

[0030] Current technology involves manual, step-by-step operation. Operators use droppers or pipettes to inject potassium hydroxide solution into sample cups, relying on visual readings or experience to control the volume. A 302 sampling rod is inserted into the cup, without vertical calibration. The sample cup is then shaken horizontally or stirred with a hand-held stirrer to dissolve the solution. The entire process is time-consuming per sample, has large volume deviations, and leaves significant precipitate residue after shaking. Pathogens in the precipitate cannot be effectively released and are therefore undetectable.

[0031] This embodiment features a quantitative dispensing system. A concentration sensor 103 provides real-time data feedback to the PLC, which in turn activates a water pump 104 to dynamically adjust the flow rate. This, combined with a quantitative nozzle 105, ensures accurate liquid dispensing. The lifting mechanism reduces dripping and leakage, and closed-loop control effectively minimizes dispensing errors. A rod-dispensing device, working in conjunction with a precision rod-dispensing port 202, utilizes gravity for free-falling, enabling rapid and accurate insertion of the sampling rod 302, improving efficiency. The gap between the sampling rod 302 and the sample cup ensures effective impact of the rod against the cup wall during oscillation without splashing. An anti-tipping groove 402, with a depth of 1 / 2 to 2 / 3 of the cup height, prevents tipping. Mechanical oscillation causes the sampling rod 302 to impact the cup wall at a set frequency. A guide rail 601 connects the three modules in series, effectively improving flow rate and processing efficiency. Existing technologies, due to their step-by-step operation and manual intervention, cannot achieve this integration of efficiency and stability.

[0032] Therefore, this solution improves the stability of the injection concentration, enhances the vertical insertion accuracy of the 302 spotting rod, and significantly optimizes the uniformity of oscillation precipitation and dissolution. The fully automated process reduces human intervention, minimizes operational variability, and improves the reliability of test results.

[0033] In another embodiment, the sample platform protection module 5 includes a refrigerated platform 502, a transparent protective cover 501, and a driver 404. The refrigerated platform 502 can be one workstation of the operating platform or a separate independent workstation. A semiconductor cooling chip is embedded inside the refrigerated platform as a temperature control device 503, with a temperature setting range adjustable from 2-8°C to maintain a constant temperature on the platform surface. The transparent protective cover 501 can be made of 5mm thick polycarbonate plastic sheet, covering the refrigerated platform 502 to form a sealed space. In the illustration, sample inlets 504 and sampling ports 505 are opened on the front and rear side walls, and silicone sealing curtains can be installed at the openings.

[0034] In another embodiment, in order to push the sample cup into the refrigeration platform, the driver 404 can be a conveyor belt drive, the same as the guide rail or chute, including a drive belt 4041 and a drive motor 4042, mounted on the tray 403 of the oscillation dissolution module 40, which can drive the cup holder with the sample cup to flow from the tray to the refrigeration platform, and the moving speed can be set to 0.2m / s.

[0035] The driving direction of the actuator 404 is parallel to the conveying direction of the guide rail or chute 601. The sample inlet 504 of the transparent protective cover 501 is connected to the end of the guide rail or chute of the oscillation and dissolution module. In one operation, the sample cup 301, after oscillation, is driven by the actuator and enters the refrigeration platform 502 through the sample inlet 504. The temperature control device 503 stabilizes the platform surface temperature at 4℃±0.5℃. Operators wearing gloves handle samples through the sampling port 505 to reduce external contaminants.

[0036] Existing technologies do not employ refrigeration or store sample solutions in ordinary refrigerators. After shaking, the sample cup is manually removed and transferred to a 4°C freezer. Prolonged exposure to room temperature during the transfer process can easily introduce dust and other contaminants. This embodiment uses a driver 404 to directly push the sample cup 301 from the shaking station into the protective cover 501, reducing contact with outside air. The refrigeration platform 502 has a built-in semiconductor cooling chip that can adjust power in real time to provide a constant temperature environment. The transparent protective cover 501 has an independent sampling port 505, allowing for manual sampling. Therefore, this solution achieves a seamless transition from shaking to low-temperature storage, effectively maintaining the stability of pathogen activity. The fully enclosed environment significantly reduces the risk of contamination and improves the biosafety of the test results.

[0037] In another embodiment, a transparent protective cover 501 extends over the tray 403 of the oscillating dissolution module, and its inner top surface is machined with a guide receiving groove 515 coaxially aligned with the sample cup 301. The opening angle of the guide flare 516 can be set to 45°±5°, and the depth can be selected as 10mm±2mm. The beveled surface of the flare is polished to make it smoother. The diameter of the limiting cavity 517 can be 0.8mm±0.2mm larger than the diameter of the spotting rod 302, and the depth can be set to 18mm±2mm. The elastic liner 518 can be made of medical-grade silicone with a thickness of 1.8mm±0.2mm and a Shore hardness of A35±5, and is completely covered with the inner wall of the guide receiving groove by a food-grade adhesive.

[0038] When the sample cup 301 is transported to the oscillation station via the guide rail or chute 601, the top of the sampling rod 302 moves into the range of the guide bell mouth 516 along with the sample cup. If the sampling rod has an initial tilt due to placement, its top will first contact the inclined surface of the guide bell mouth 516, and as the sample cup continues to move forward, it will be guided by the inclined surface and slide into the central area of ​​the limiting cavity 517, thereby reducing the tilt angle of the sampling rod to ≤3°. After the vibration motor 401 is started, the sampling rod 302 will generate radial displacement during oscillation. The gap of the limiting cavity 517 allows its top to move within a certain range, while the elastic liner 518 absorbs high-frequency impact energy.

[0039] The guide flare 516, with an inclination angle of 45°, reduces the resistance to the sliding of the sampling rod 302. The hardness of the medical-grade silicone elastic liner 518 is selected according to actual needs, ideally capable of absorbing vibration without inhibiting necessary rod displacement. The diameter gap of the limiting cavity 517 is set so that, at the set vibration frequency, the maximum offset of the sampling rod 302 does not contact the cavity wall.

[0040] The existing oscillation method is open-top, with the sample cup manually placed on the oscillation tray, and there is no top limiting structure. During oscillation, the initial tilt amplitude of the sampling rod 302 is large, which can easily cause the sampling rod 302 to hit the mouth of the cup and break. In addition, the unrestrained vibration offset can cause sample splashing. If the sampling rod 302 is held by hand, the oscillation amplitude is not large enough, resulting in insufficient mixing.

[0041] In this implementation scheme, the guide flare 516 actively corrects tilt during the feeding stage, and the limiting cavity 517 constrains the radial movement range during the oscillation stage. This dual-structure design works synergistically to reduce the initial tilt angle from >8° to ≤3°. The medical-grade silicone liner 518 combines cushioning and elasticity, absorbing impact energy to prevent breakage while allowing for a suitable amount of effective offset to ensure the rod head effectively impacts the cup wall. Extending the protective cover 501 to the oscillation station, the guide receiving groove 515 and the anti-tipping slot 402 form a three-dimensional constraint system, simultaneously achieving contamination protection and motion control. This scheme achieves precise control of the oscillation trajectory of the sample rod 302, effectively preventing cup collision damage. The elastic limiting design significantly reduces instrument wear while ensuring effective precipitation stripping. The expanded protective coverage further optimizes biosafety.

[0042] In another embodiment, the vibration motor 401 is vertically fixed to the center of the bottom of the tray 403 by bolts. An eccentric rotor type motor with a rated power of about 80W can be selected. The adjustable power controller can be a digital frequency converter with a frequency adjustment range of 10-50Hz and an amplitude adjustment range of ±1mm to ±5mm. The anti-tipping slot 402 is installed and fixed on the tray, corresponding to the top of the guide rail or slide. The bottom of the slot is the bottom of the guide rail or slide. The depth of the slot can be set to 60%±5% of the height of the sample cup 301 (for example, 21mm when the cup height is 35mm). The width of the slot is 0.3mm±0.1mm larger than the outer diameter of the cup, forming a clearance fit. As shown in Figure 3, the tray 403 is mounted on the base 405 by a support spring. The tray has a space for vibration and can therefore be driven to vibrate. When the tray is not vibrating initially, the guide rail or slide on the tray corresponds to the guide rail or slide section of the sample dispensing module 20, so the sample cup can flow to the tray.

[0043] A flexible pad is placed at the bottom of the slot, which is also the bottom of the guide rail. The flexible pad 408 can be a silicone plate with a thickness of 3.0mm ± 0.5mm and a Shore hardness of A40 ± 5, completely conforming to the inner bottom surface of the slot. When the sample cup is inserted into the slot, the cup seat of the sample cup contacts the flexible pad. After the vibration motor 401 is started, horizontal vibration is directly transmitted to the cup seat and sample cup through the tray. The sampling rod 302 impacts the cup wall at a frequency of approximately 2-4 times per second under inertia. The parameters of the adjustable power controller can be adjusted according to the different viscosities of the sample liquid. For example, 35Hz / ±2mm is used for low viscosity sample liquids (<100cP), and 50Hz / ±4mm is used for high viscosity sample liquids (>150cP).

[0044] As an optimization, the depth ratio of the anti-tipping groove 402 can be determined through overturning moment testing. The optimal overturning rate is zero under conditions where the groove depth is ≥ 50% of the cup height and the amplitude is ±5mm. The hardness of the flexible pad 408 can also be selected based on impact acceleration testing. For example, when the Shore hardness is A40, the optimal result is when the peak impact acceleration of the sampling rod 302 striking the cup wall is reduced to below 5g (15g for rigid contact). The vibration frequency parameter can be optimized through precipitation residue rate, with the optimal result being a precipitation residue on the cup wall of <0.1mg / cm² during 50Hz vibration.

[0045] Traditional shakers use a flat tray, with the sample cup placed directly on the tray for oscillation, lacking a depth-limiting structure. When the amplitude exceeds ±3mm, the sample cup risks displacement and slippage, and the sampling rod 302 impacts the bottom of the cup, generating noise. This implementation features an anti-tipping groove 402 with a depth approximately 60% of the cup height, forming a mechanical barrier on the sidewalls. This completely suppresses tipping at amplitudes of ±5mm, while the groove width ensures mobility without affecting oscillation and passage. A flexible pad 408 reduces impact acceleration, and the silicone material increases friction between the tray and the cup seat, preventing bouncing. An adjustable power controller allows for frequency and amplitude adjustment as needed; high-frequency, high-amplitude parameters are used for high-viscosity samples to ensure efficient precipitation removal. Therefore, this solution achieves zero tipping accidents during oscillation, effectively reducing instrument impact damage. The flexible buffer design significantly improves the noise level of the operating environment. The adjustable parameter mechanism adapts to samples of different properties, improving the uniformity of precipitation dissolution.

[0046] In another embodiment, the bottom surface of the slot 402, i.e., the bottom surface of the guide rail or the slide, is machined with an inclined guide surface 409, the inclination angle of which can be set to 12°±1°, and a 2mm diameter drain hole is opened at the lowest point. The drain hole connects to the liquid collection chamber, which can be a 200ml polyethylene container with a hydrophobic inner wall. The bottom of the sampling rod 302 is covered with an elastic impact head 303, which can be a silicone sleeve with a length of 15mm±1mm. The surface of the sleeve is machined with raised textures 304, which can be a spiral rib structure with a pitch of 2mm±0.2mm, an inclination angle of 25°±2°, and a rib height of 0.5mm±0.1mm.

[0047] The flexible pad 408 embeds a pressure sensor 412, which can be a thin-film sensor with a range of 0-5N and a sampling frequency of 100Hz. The signal detected by the pressure sensor 412 during oscillation is the combined dynamic pressure transmitted to the bottom of the sample cup 301, the liquid inside the cup, and the sampling rod 302 as a whole under the drive of the vibration motor 401, due to the inertial force and internal impact. The intensity of this signal is closely related to the oscillation intensity, the viscosity of the sample liquid, and the motion state of the sampling rod. The adjustable power controller has a preset dynamic pressure safety threshold (for example, corresponding to 70%-80% of the sensor's range). During oscillation, the controller analyzes the signal from pressure sensor 412 in real time. When the detected signal peak value continuously exceeds the safety threshold, it indicates that the system may be in an overload state (such as abnormal jamming of the sample spotting rod, or increased collision due to sample cup displacement). At this time, the controller will immediately execute protective actions: the first method is to reduce the frequency and amplitude of vibration motor 401 to a preset safety level; the second method is to directly stop the operation of vibration motor 401 and issue an alarm to prompt the operator to check. In addition, in order to distinguish between normal oscillation fluctuations and abnormal overload, the controller's judgment logic can be set to trigger the protective action only when the detected pressure peak value exceeds the threshold for several consecutive vibration cycles (e.g., 3-5 cycles), or when the single detected pressure peak value is much higher than the threshold (e.g., more than twice the threshold), so as to avoid accidental shutdown due to momentary interference. Through the above pressure sensing and feedback control mechanism, this device can effectively prevent equipment damage or sample spillage caused by mechanical failure or sample abnormality during unattended automated oscillation, thus improving the reliability and safety of the system.

[0048] For example, a thin-film pressure sensor (range 0-10N, sampling frequency 200Hz) is embedded in the tray 403 of the oscillation dissolution module 40, located within the flexible silicone pad 408 at the bottom of the anti-tipping slot 402. The sensor is positioned directly opposite the bottom center area of ​​the sample cup holder 3011 to ensure effective sensing of dynamic pressure. The dynamic pressure safety threshold is preset to 7.0N via the human-machine interface of the adjustable power controller. This threshold is determined based on extensive experiments: under standard operating parameters (vibration frequency 40Hz, amplitude ±3mm), when processing samples of typical viscosity, the peak pressure signal measured by the sensor usually fluctuates between 3.0N and 5.0N. Setting the threshold to 7.0N provides approximately a 40% safety margin for normal fluctuations, effectively capturing anomalies while preventing false triggering. The protection trigger condition is set to "the peak pressure detected within three consecutive vibration cycles exceeds 7.0N". At the same time, a higher emergency threshold of 12.0N (close to the upper limit of the sensor range) is set, and the trigger condition is "a single sample value exceeding 12.0N", in order to deal with sudden serious anomalies.

[0049] During operation, the operator places the sample cup 301, with the sampling rod 302 inserted, into the slot 402 of the tray 403 and starts the oscillation program. The adjustable power controller drives the vibration motor 401 to operate at preset parameters (e.g., 40Hz, ±3mm). During oscillation, the sampling rod 302 begins to swing regularly under inertia and intermittently impacts the cup wall. The signal acquired in real time by the pressure sensor 412 is a dynamic pressure waveform with small high-frequency spikes, based on the vibration motor frequency. These high-frequency spikes correspond to the impact events of the sampling rod. The controller continuously monitors the peak value of this signal; under normal operating conditions, the peak value remains around 5.0N, below the safety threshold.

[0050] When encountering continuous overload (such as slight jamming of the sampling rod), assuming that the movement of the sampling rod 302 is hindered for some reason (such as abnormally viscous precipitate), the force and frequency of its impact on the cup wall increase abnormally. The high-frequency peak amplitude of the pressure sensor signal increases significantly. The controller detects the first cycle peak: 7.5N (>7.0N). The second cycle peak: 7.8N (>7.0N). The third cycle peak: 8.1N (>7.0N). The condition of "three consecutive cycle peaks exceeding the threshold" is met. The adjustable power controller immediately lowers the operating parameters of the vibration motor 401 to "safe mode" (e.g., frequency reduced to 20Hz, amplitude reduced to ±1mm) and maintains it for 10 seconds. At the same time, the prompt "Oscillation overload, automatically adjusted" is displayed on the operation interface. After 10 seconds, the controller attempts to restore the parameters to 80% of the original set value (32Hz, ±2.4mm) and continue operation. If the overload signal disappears, operation continues; if an overload still occurs, the oscillation eventually stops and an audible and visual alarm is issued.

[0051] In the event of a sudden severe overload (such as an accidental tilt of the sample cup), assuming that the sample cup did not fully fall into the slot at the moment of oscillation startup, resulting in severe tilting and a violent collision between the sampling rod or cup body and the side wall of the slot, the pressure sensor will instantaneously detect an extremely high pressure value, such as 13.5N (>12.0N emergency threshold). This meets the condition of "single sampling value exceeding emergency threshold". The adjustable power controller will immediately and urgently stop the operation of the vibration motor 401 and display a prominent "Emergency Stop: Severe collision detected, please check sample position!" alarm on the operation interface. The oscillation program can only be manually restarted after the operator has inspected and rectified the fault on-site.

[0052] When a flat tray splashes liquid during oscillation, it directly contaminates the equipment surface. When a smooth bamboo stick is used for the sampling rod 302, the removal of sediment from the cup wall is ineffective, and some pathogens remain attached to the sediment, preventing release into the sample solution and thus affecting the test results. This invention uses an inclined guide surface 409 to guide the residual liquid to the leakage hole, where a hydrophobic collection chamber achieves splash recovery. The spiral ridges have two functions during oscillation: the sharp edges cut into the sediment layer, and the inclined angle guides the liquid flow to form a vortex that washes over the cup, effectively removing the attached sediment and releasing pathogens into the sample solution for detection. Furthermore, the pressure sensor 412 provides real-time feedback of the impact force, automatically reducing the frequency when the detected value is >1.0N to effectively prevent cup breakage. Therefore, this solution achieves efficient recovery of oscillation residual liquid, significantly reduces the risk of cross-contamination, the ridge structure significantly enhances the removal of stubborn sediment, and intelligent overload protection extends the equipment's service life.

[0053] In another embodiment, the bottom of the sampling rod 302 is fitted with an elastic impact head 303, which can be a medical silicone head with a Shore hardness of A30±2 and a length of 15mm±1mm. A sampling head is provided at the end of the head, and the sampling head is machined with radial capillary grooves 305. The groove depth can be set to 100μm±20μm, and the width to 120μm±30μm, extending from the central elastic tip 306 to the edge of the head. The top of the elastic tip 306 is molded with a hemispherical protrusion 307, with a protrusion diameter of 1.2mm±0.1mm. The raised texture 304 is machined into a spiral ridge on the outer wall of the head, which can be selected with a pitch of 2.0mm±0.2mm, an inclination angle of 25°±2°, and a ridge height of 0.5mm±0.1mm. Preferably, the inner wall of the capillary groove 305 is coated with a hydrophilic nano-silica coating 308, with a coating thickness of 500nm±50nm and a contact angle ≤30°.

[0054] In one working process, during the oscillation phase, the spiral ridges scrape the cup wall to remove precipitates, generating a swirling vortex to enhance mixing. During spotting, when the spotting rod 302 is removed, the viscous sample liquid fills the capillary groove 305 within 0.5 seconds under the action of the hydrophilic coating. When the spotting rod 302 is applied to the spotting plate, the hemispherical protrusion 307, upon contact with the plate, experiences a compression deformation ≥15%, reducing the groove volume and triggering sample release. In application, the depth of the capillary groove 305 (100 μm) was determined through sample carrying capacity testing. The diameter of the hemispherical protrusion 307 (1.2 mm) was optimized based on the deformation rate, achieving an optimal 18% compression deformation under a spotting pressure of 0.3 N. The hydrophilic coating contact angle is 28°; through spreading speed testing, the optimal spreading time of the sample liquid within the groove is <0.8 seconds.

[0055] Traditional spotting methods involve step-by-step operations. Conventional smooth rods for oscillation and stirring only carry away less than 1 μL of viscous precipitates. Dipping the sample rod into the spotting liquid results in a small release volume, often leading to multiple spotting attempts. Furthermore, the sample liquid tends to spherically aggregate at the spotting head, resulting in poor uniformity of release. This implementation scheme integrates a spiral-shaped convex ridge oscillation and peeling mechanism with capillary grooves 305 for spotting, avoiding sample loss and time delays caused by tool switching. The radial capillary grooves 305 reduce the liquid-solid interface energy through a hydrophilic coating, and the 100 μm deep grooves generate capillary adsorption, effectively carrying away sample liquids, especially high-viscosity samples (150 cP and above). The elastic tip 306, when compressed by ≥15%, reduces the groove volume, causing the internal sample liquid to be squeezed and overcome surface tension, achieving uniform and thorough release. Therefore, this scheme integrates the oscillation and stirring function of the spotting rod 302 with the spotting function, eliminating the risk of contamination during tool switching. Capillary adsorption and deformation release mechanisms significantly improve the carrying capacity and spotting uniformity of high-viscosity sample solutions, ensuring detection accuracy.

[0056] Preferably, a manufacturing method of the sampling rod 302 of the present invention includes the molding and processing of the elastic impact head 303: the silicone sleeve (i.e., the elastic impact head 303) is injection molded using liquid silicone (LSR). A precision concave-convex structure corresponding to the shape of the raised texture 304 (spiral ridges) and radial capillary grooves 305 is machined on the mold cavity for manufacturing the sleeve. Through injection molding, a silicone sleeve with external spiral ridges and terminal capillary grooves is integrally molded. After molding and curing, the silicone sleeve is cleaned and surface activated, and then coated with a hydrophilic coating using an immersion-lift method. Specifically, the sleeve is immersed in nano-silica sol, and then lifted out at a constant speed, so that the sol forms a uniform liquid film on the inner wall of the capillary grooves 305 and the surface of the sleeve. Afterwards, heat treatment is performed at a set temperature (e.g., 120℃-150℃) to gel the sol and firmly adhere it, forming the hydrophilic nano-silica coating 308. The prepared silicone sleeve is tightly fitted onto the end of the spotting rod (which can be made of glass, plastic or metal) to form a complete spotting rod 302. Example

[0057] A method for preparing a test moth using the device described in this invention includes the following steps: Step 1: Place the sample cup (containing the precipitate) that has undergone centrifugation and sedimentation on the cup holder. The cup holder is driven by a guide rail motor and moves precisely along the guide rail to the filling position directly below the filling module 10. In the filling module 10, the potassium hydroxide solution in the water tank 101 is monitored online in real time by an immersion concentration sensor 103. When the concentration deviation exceeds the set value (e.g., >0.05 mol / L), the PLC control system automatically triggers the stirrer 102 to start, stirring at 200-300 rpm for 30-60 seconds to ensure the solution is uniform. During filling, the micro peristaltic pump (water pump 104) draws 3.0 ml of solution according to a preset program (error controlled within ±0.1 ml). At the same time, the quantitative nozzle 105 installed on the linear module automatically descends, positioning its end at the optimal height of 20 mm above the sample cup opening for filling, greatly reducing droplet splashing and wall adhesion. After the injection is completed, nozzle 105 rises and resets, and the sample cup automatically flows to the next station along with the cup holder. This step, through closed-loop control of sensor monitoring, automatic stirring, precision pumping, and positioning injection, completely solves the core problems of inaccurate manual liquid addition and uneven concentration.

[0058] Step 2: After the sample cup reaches the dispensing station below the sample dispensing module 20, the position sensor sends a signal. The solenoid valve of the vertical dispensing device 201 opens, and a sample dispensing rod 302 is released vertically from the dispensing port 202 under gravity, falling into the sample cup. Considering the release dynamics and possible airflow interference, the sample dispensing rod may be in a non-ideal vertical state when it falls to the bottom of the cup (the initial tilt angle may be >5°). The key to this design is that there is an approximately 0.5-1.0 mm gap between the sample dispensing rod and the cup wall, allowing it to move and preparing for subsequent oscillation impact. After dispensing, the sample cup carrying the rod is immediately moved towards the oscillation station. This step achieves rapid and automatic dispensing of the sample dispensing rod, eliminating inefficient manual operation.

[0059] Step 3: The sample cup with the inserted sampling rod enters the tray 403 of the oscillation and dissolution module 40. The tray has an anti-tipping groove 402 with a depth of approximately 2 / 3 of the sample cup's height, forming a stable fit after the sample cup is inserted, preventing tipping. Simultaneously, the tip of the sampling rod moves with the cup and naturally enters the guide receiving groove 515 on the top surface of the transparent protective cover 501. If the sampling rod has an initial tilt, its tip first contacts the inclined surface of the guide flare 516 and is automatically guided and centered during movement, entering the upper active cavity 517, rapidly converging the tilt angle to ≤3°. This process is completed silently during flow, laying the foundation for efficient oscillation.

[0060] The vibration motor 401 starts, driving the tray to perform horizontal reciprocating oscillations at set parameters (e.g., 50 Hz frequency and ±3 mm amplitude for typical viscosity samples), with the duration adjustable between 30 and 120 seconds. Under the action of oscillation inertia, the bottom of the spotting rod 302 (covered with a silicone sleeve with spiral ridges) begins to periodically impact and scrape the cup wall, while the movable cavity 517 at its top allows for a radial offset of ≤2.5 mm, ensuring effective impact peeling while preventing it from detaching or damaging the cup rim due to excessive oscillation.

[0061] The core innovation of this step lies in the fact that the guide container corrects the posture of the sample rod before oscillation, a feature not found in traditional oscillation devices. A pressure sensor 412 embedded in the flexible pad 408 monitors the dynamic pressure on the tray in real time. When the system detects an abnormal signal (such as a dramatic increase in impact force due to abnormally viscous sediment, manifested as dynamic pressure peaks continuously exceeding the preset 7.0N safety threshold), the adjustable power controller immediately reduces the vibration parameters (e.g., frequency drops to 30Hz) or suspends vibration to prevent equipment damage and sample loss. Any small amount of splashed liquid that may be generated during oscillation is collected by the inclined guide surface 409 at the bottom of the tray and guided into the collection chamber through the leakage hole, maintaining a clean working environment.

[0062] Step 4: After shaking and dissolving, the operator can directly remove the spotting rod 302 from the sample cup, which itself becomes a spotting tool carrying a uniform sample solution. During spotting, the operator gently touches the spotting head at the end of the spotting rod to the spotting plate with a force of approximately 0.3 N. The working mechanism of the spotting head is as follows: the hydrophilic nano-silica coating in the radial capillary grooves 305 on its surface ensures that the sample solution can quickly and uniformly fill the grooves. When the hemispherical elastic protrusion 307 in the center of the spotting head contacts the spotting plate, it undergoes elastic deformation under pressure (deformation rate ≥15%). This deformation directly leads to a reduction in the volume of the capillary grooves and a change in internal pressure, thereby actively squeezing out the sample solution attached to the grooves and spreading it evenly on the spotting plate. This deformation-triggered release mechanism overcomes the shortcomings of uneven sample solution adhesion and incomplete release of traditional smooth rod heads, ensuring the uniformity of the spotting amount and the accuracy of the detection.

[0063] A further preferred embodiment includes step 5, in which, to maintain sample viability, after step 3 is completed, the actuator 404 automatically pushes the sample cup into the refrigeration platform 502 of the sample platform protection module 5. The platform is maintained at a low temperature of 4℃±0.5℃ by a semiconductor cooling chip (temperature control device 503). The sealed space formed by the transparent protective cover 501 is controllably connected to the outside world through the sample inlet 504 and the sampling port 505, further reducing sample contamination and temperature fluctuations.

[0064] The present invention automates and standardizes the entire process of preparing mother moth sample solution, significantly reducing operational variability. The integrated design of shaking and spotting eliminates intermediate sources of contamination, and low-temperature immediate preservation ensures the activity of biological samples, thereby improving the overall reliability of test results.

[0065] Although embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and embodiments. It can be applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. Further modifications can be readily implemented by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A device for precipitating and treating test samples from silkworm mother moths, characterized in that, include: The liquid injection module has a water tank with a built-in stirrer and concentration sensor. The water tank is connected to an injection head with a metering nozzle via a water pump. It is used to quantitatively inject potassium hydroxide solution into the sample cup and then transfer it to the sample dispensing module. The sample dispensing module includes a dispensing device with a dispensing port for movably inserting the sample dispensing rod downward into the sample cup, with a movable gap maintained between the sample dispensing rod and the inner wall of the sample cup, and the sample cup with the movable sample dispensing rod is transferred to the oscillation and dissolution module. The oscillation dissolution module is equipped with a tray with an anti-tipping slot, which is adapted to the sample cup to limit the sample cup carrying the sample rod. It is also equipped with a vibration device to drive the tray to oscillate the sample cup with the sample rod inserted, so that the sample rod can synchronously stir the precipitate to accelerate dissolution. The sample stick, after oscillation, is directly used as a sample dispensing tool to pick up the sample liquid for testing. The liquid dispensing module, sample stick dispensing module, and oscillation dissolution module are connected in series via guide rails or chutes to achieve sequential flow of the sample liquid cup.

2. The precipitation treatment device for the test sample solution of the female moth as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a sample platform protection module, which includes: The refrigerated platform has a built-in temperature control device to maintain the set temperature environment; A transparent protective cover is provided above the refrigeration platform, with sample inlets and sampling outlets on the side walls. The transparent protective cover covers the sample cup, and the sample inlet is connected to the guide rail or slide, so that the sample cup can enter the refrigeration platform from the shaking dissolution module.

3. The precipitation treatment device for the test sample liquid of the female moth as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The transparent protective cover also extends over the tray of the oscillation dissolution module. The inner top surface of the transparent protective cover has a guide receiving groove corresponding to the position of the sample cup. The guide receiving groove includes: The guide horn opening faces the material feeding direction of the sample dispensing module, with an opening angle of 40°~50° and a depth of 8~12mm, and is used to guide the top of the sample dispensing rod into the module. The limiting cavity is 0.5-1.0 mm larger than the spotting rod to accommodate the tip of the spotting rod, with a depth of 15-20 mm. An elastic liner, which is a medical silicone layer covering the inner wall of the guide receiving groove, with a thickness of 1.5~2.0mm; When the sampling rod is inserted into the sample cup, its top extends into the guide receiving groove. The guide flare corrects the initial tilt angle of the sampling rod to ≤3°, and the limiting cavity allows the sampling rod to produce a radial displacement of ≤2.5mm during vibration.

4. The precipitation treatment device for the test sample solution of the female moth as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The oscillation dissolution module includes: The vibratory motor has its base directly fixed to the bottom of the tray and is equipped with an adjustable power controller to adjust the oscillation intensity and frequency of the vibratory motor. The tray has several parallel anti-tipping slots, each with a depth of 1 / 2 to 2 / 3 of the sample cup height. The slot width is fitted with a clearance to the outer diameter of the sample cup to form an anti-tipping structure. The bottom surface of the slot, the bottom surface of the guide rail, or the bottom surface of the slide groove is equipped with a flexible pad to buffer the impact of the sample rod. The vibration motor drives the tray to vibrate, causing the spotting rod inserted into the sample cup to impact the cup wall circumferentially during the oscillation, simultaneously agitating the precipitate and accelerating its dissolution.

5. The precipitation treatment device for the test sample solution of the female moth as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The bottom surface of the slot, guide rail, or slide is provided with an inclined guide surface. A leakage hole is opened at the lowest point of the inclined guide surface to connect to the collection chamber for collecting residual liquid splashed during oscillation. The bottom of the sampling rod is covered with an elastic impact head, and the surface of the elastic impact head is distributed with raised textures to enhance the peeling effect on the sediment on the cup wall. A pressure sensor is embedded in the flexible pad, and the pressure sensor is connected to an adjustable power controller to monitor the dynamic pressure generated by the sample cup on the tray during oscillation in real time. The adjustable power controller is configured to automatically reduce the oscillation intensity of the vibration motor or stop the vibration when the signal characteristic value of the dynamic pressure exceeds a preset safety threshold to achieve overload protection.

6. The precipitation treatment device for the test sample solution of the female moth as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The elastic impact head is a silicone sleeve that fits tightly around the bottom of the spotting rod. A spotting head is located at the end of the silicone sleeve. The spotting head includes a microporous structure or capillary groove structure at the end of the silicone sleeve for adhering the sample liquid. The raised texture is a spiral structure with raised ridges that surround the outer wall of the sleeve. The pitch is 1~3mm and the tilt angle is 20°~30°. It is used to enhance stirring and scrape off the precipitate from the cup wall during oscillation.

7. The precipitation treatment device for the test sample solution of the female moth as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The capillary grooves of the sampling head are arranged radially, extending from the central elastic tip to the edge, with a depth of 80~120μm and a width of 100~150μm. The Shore A hardness of the elastic tip is Shore A 20~40. The top of the elastic tip is provided with a hemispherical protrusion. When the hemispherical protrusion contacts the sampling plate, it undergoes compression deformation. The deformation rate is ≥15%, which triggers the release of sample liquid in the capillary groove. The inner wall of the capillary groove is coated with a hydrophilic nano silica coating with a contact angle ≤30°.

8. A method for preparing a test sample solution for female moths using the apparatus of claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Place the sample cup on the cup holder. The cup holder moves to the position directly below the liquid injection module via the guide rail or slide. The potassium hydroxide solution in the water tank is quantitatively injected into the sample cup through the injection head by the water pump. At the same time, the concentration sensor monitors the concentration of potassium hydroxide solution in the water tank, and the stirrer maintains the homogeneity of the potassium hydroxide solution. Step 2: After the sample liquid is filled, the sample cup moves with the cup holder to the work position below the sample dispensing module. The sample dispensing rod is movably inserted into the sample liquid cup through the rod dispensing device. The sample dispensing rod and the inner wall of the cup are kept in a movable gap, and its top is not rigidly clamped and fixed. Step 3: The sample cup with the inserted sampling rod moves to the tray of the oscillation dissolution module along with the cup holder. The anti-tipping groove of the sample cup and the tray forms an anti-tipping fit. The tray is driven to oscillate by the vibration motor, so that the sampling rod hits the cup wall synchronously to stir and dissolve the precipitate. Step 4: Remove the sample stick after oscillation and perform sample detection.

9. The method as described in claim 8, characterized in that, Step 3 is performed under a transparent protective cover. As the sample cup with the inserted sampling rod moves to the tray of the oscillation and dissolution module, the top of the sampling rod is constrained by the guide receiving groove on the top surface of the protective cover. The initial tilt angle is corrected to ≤3° by the guide flare, and the radial displacement of the oscillation is limited to ≤2.5mm by the limiting cavity. The inclined guide surface on the bottom surface of the tray slot, or the bottom surface of the guide rail or the bottom surface of the slide groove collects the splashed residual liquid and guides it into the collection chamber through the leakage hole. The elastic impact head at the bottom of the sampling rod scrapes the cup wall with spiral convex ridges to remove the precipitate. When the pressure sensor detects that the impact force exceeds the threshold, the oscillation intensity is automatically reduced. In step 4, during sample application, the sample liquid adheres to the radial capillary grooves at the end of the silicone tip. The hydrophilic nano-silica coating promotes the sample liquid wetting of the sample application head. After the hemispherical protrusion of the elastic tip contacts the sample plate, the deformation rate is ≥15%, triggering the release of the sample liquid from the sample application head.

10. The method as described in claim 9, characterized in that, Step 3 is followed by transferring the sample cup to a refrigerated platform, which is maintained at a set temperature by a temperature control device.

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