A multi-field coupling rock burst model test device and test method

Abstract

The application provides a multi-field coupling rock burst model test device and test method, the test device comprises a control system with a sampling frequency higher than 100Hz, which is composed of a PLC controller, a touch screen and a data acquisition module, the control system controls a true triaxial confining pressure system, a temperature control system and a hydraulic impact system, and then controls the loading of a rock sample in a test box system, the control system can also receive acoustic emission, temperature and pressure data collected by an acoustic emission monitoring system, a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor in the loading process of the rock sample, the test method comprises the following steps: rock sample preparation, rock sample installation, working condition setting, parameter loading, data acquisition and observation, test end and rock burst analysis, compared with the prior art, the confining pressure simulation is more accurate, the temperature control is more comprehensive, the disturbance simulation is more practical, the working condition adaptability is stronger, and the rock sample compatibility is better.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of geotechnical engineering testing equipment technology, specifically to a multi-field coupled rockburst model testing device and testing method. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of geotechnical engineering testing equipment technology, the development of testing equipment capable of accurately simulating rockburst occurrence conditions is crucial. Rockbursts, as a common sudden geological hazard in underground engineering, are characterized by their instantaneous and highly destructive nature, seriously threatening personnel safety, damaging equipment, and causing project delays and substantial economic losses. Through rockburst simulation tests, we can not only deeply reveal its occurrence mechanism, analyze influencing factors, and verify prevention and control measures, but also provide theoretical support for engineering design and optimize design schemes, thereby significantly improving the safety and efficiency of geotechnical engineering construction and playing a vital role in ensuring the construction of geotechnical projects.

[0003] However, existing rockburst testing equipment has the following shortcomings: First, existing rockburst testing equipment has significant limitations in simulating confining pressure, as most equipment can only achieve uniaxial or pseudo-triaxial loading, failing to accurately reproduce the natural three-dimensional stress field. Second, in terms of temperature control, existing rockburst model testing equipment generally lacks a stable and uniform high-temperature loading system, making it difficult to effectively simulate the impact of underground engineering geothermal environment (typically 30–150℃) or surface air temperature fluctuations on rockburst occurrence. Third, existing rockburst model testing equipment uses limited disturbance simulation methods, relying heavily on mechanical vibration tables for blasting disturbance simulation, making it difficult to reproduce the instantaneous high-pressure impact and confining pressure abrupt change effects during blasting. Fourth, existing rockburst model testing equipment has limited working condition combination capabilities, making it difficult to achieve flexible coupling of multiple factors such as stress, temperature, and disturbance, failing to meet the multi-variable collaborative testing requirements in complex engineering scenarios. Finally, existing rockburst test designs are mostly based on small-sized artificial specimens, making it difficult for rockburst testing equipment to be compatible with large-sized natural rock samples, resulting in deviations between test results and engineering realities. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a multi-field coupled rockburst model test device and test method. To achieve the above objective, this invention is implemented through the following technical solution: A multi-field coupled rockburst model test device includes a control system with a sampling frequency higher than 100Hz, consisting of a PLC controller, a touch screen, and a data acquisition module. The control system controls the loading of rock samples in the test chamber system by controlling a true triaxial confining pressure system, a temperature control system, and a hydraulic impact system that are electrically connected to it. The test chamber system includes a cuboid rockburst test chamber, an insulated chamber fitted outside the rockburst test chamber and made of thermal insulation material, and a base supporting the system components. The rockburst test chamber consists of a cubic chamber sealed on the left and a cubic chamber with an opening on the right. The rockburst test chamber, made of high-strength alloy material, has a compressive strength of over 50 MPa and a high-temperature resistance of over 200°C. Movable chamber walls that can be connected to a true triaxial confining pressure system are provided in the X, Y, and Z directions of the rockburst test chamber. The true triaxial confining pressure system includes three independent servo loading devices set on the X, Y, and Z axes of the rockburst test chamber. Each servo loading device includes a loading cylinder, a true triaxial pressure sensor with an accuracy of ±0.1MPa, and a true triaxial displacement sensor with a loading range of 0-100MPa and a loading rate of 0.01-1MPa / s. The temperature control system includes an electric heating module with a heating range of room temperature to 200°C, a temperature sensor with an accuracy of ±1°C, and a constant temperature controller with temperature uniformity controlled within ±2°C. The hydraulic impact system includes a high-pressure storage tank, a variable frequency high-pressure water pump, a pulse control valve, and a hydraulic impact system pressure sensor connected in series on the high-pressure pipeline. The high-pressure pipeline is connected to a rock sample connection joint installed on the side wall of the rockburst test chamber. The impact pressure range of the hydraulic impact system is 0-50MPa, and the pulse frequency is 0.1-10Hz. The control system is also able to receive acoustic emission, temperature and pressure data collected by the acoustic emission monitoring system, temperature sensor and pressure sensor during the rock sample loading process. The monitoring system is installed on the inner side of the rockburst test chamber wall.

[0005] Preferably, the wall of the rockburst test chamber is a double-layer structure composed of an outer layer of high-strength alloy material and an inner layer of high-temperature resistant soft elastic material; the front side of the insulated chamber is provided with an insulated chamber door.

[0006] Preferably, the left wall, front wall, and bottom wall of the rockburst test chamber are fixed, while the right wall, rear wall, and top wall are movable chamber walls and are respectively connected to the servo loading device of the true triaxial confining pressure system.

[0007] Preferably, one end of the rock sample connection joint of the hydraulic impact system is connected to a high-pressure pipeline, and the other end is used to connect to the water injection hole of the rock sample. The hydraulic impact system can output pulsed, stepped, or constant high-pressure water.

[0008] A multi-field coupled rockburst model test method includes the following steps: S1. Rock sample preparation: Select natural rock samples or similar materials to prepare large-sized rock samples, excavate a simulated tunnel in the middle, drill holes on the side to form water injection holes, one end of the water injection hole penetrates to the inner wall of the tunnel, and the other end is connected to the rock sample connection joint. S2. Rock sample installation: Open the insulation chamber switch door of the insulation chamber, control the movable chamber wall of the rockburst test chamber in the X, Y, and Z directions to open, put the rock sample through the test chamber opening into the rockburst test chamber, push the movable chamber wall in the X, Y, and Z directions to position the rock sample and seal it with the hydraulic impact system. S3. Operating Condition Setting: The control system allows for flexible selection of single-field, dual-field coupled, or triple-field coupled test modes. The single-field operating condition covers true triaxial confining pressure loading, independent temperature control, or individual hydraulic impact. The dual-field coupled operating condition includes three combinations: true triaxial confining pressure loading and temperature control, true triaxial confining pressure loading and hydraulic impact, and temperature control and hydraulic impact. The triple-field coupled operating condition achieves coordinated loading of all elements: true triaxial confining pressure loading, temperature control, and hydraulic impact. S4. Parameter loading: Load the corresponding parameters in sequence according to the set working conditions. The loading sequence for the three-field coupling working conditions is as follows: true triaxial confining pressure is loaded to the target value and stabilized for 30-60 minutes, temperature is controlled to the target temperature and kept constant for 20-30 minutes, hydraulic impact system is started and continues for the set duration until the rock sample is destroyed. S5. Data Acquisition and Observation: The control system acquires stress, displacement, temperature, and hydraulic impact pressure data in real time, while the monitoring system acquires acoustic emission, temperature, and pressure data simultaneously. By comparing and observing the stress-strain curves, temperature changes, and acoustic emission events of rock samples before and after the rockburst, the entire process of rockburst incubation, occurrence, and release can be accurately captured. S6. End of test: Unload all loading parameters. Under high temperature conditions, the rock sample needs to be removed after cooling. Clean the rockburst test chamber. S7. Rockburst Analysis: Combining rock sample failure morphology and experimental data, analyze the evolution law and control conditions of rockburst.

[0009] Preferably, in step S1, the simulated tunnel is circular or gate-shaped, and the water injection holes are evenly arranged along the side of the rock sample and the number is not less than 3.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: 1. More accurate confining pressure simulation: The true triaxial independent loading design can realize the simulation of anisotropic geostress field, solving the defect of existing pseudo triaxial equipment that cannot reproduce three-dimensional geostress; 2. More comprehensive temperature control: The high-temperature system covers the range of ground temperature and air temperature changes, with high temperature uniformity, filling the gap in temperature simulation of existing equipment; 3. More realistic disturbance simulation: Hydraulic impact is used instead of traditional mechanical vibration, which can accurately simulate the high pressure disturbance and sudden change of confining pressure generated by blasting, and the disturbance parameters have a wide adjustable range; 4. Enhanced adaptability to working conditions: Supports random combinations of multiple working conditions, enabling systematic research on the impact of single or multiple coupled factors on rockburst; 5. Excellent rock sample compatibility: It is compatible with large-sized natural rock samples, avoiding the deviation between small-sized artificial rock samples and actual engineering conditions; Attached Figure Description

[0011] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a multi-field coupled rockburst model test device according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the rockburst test chamber of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the movement of the right side wall of the rockburst test chamber in the X direction according to the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the movable sidewalls in the X, Y, and Z directions of the rockburst test chamber of the present invention when no rock sample is loaded. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the movable sidewalls in the X, Y, and Z directions of the rockburst test chamber of the present invention when rock samples are loaded. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the heat insulation chamber of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the temperature control system of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic impact system of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the rock sample connection joint and the rockburst test chamber of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the rock sample excavation structure used in this invention to simulate a circular tunnel; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the rock sample excavation structure used in this invention to simulate a city gate-shaped tunnel; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the monitoring system of the present invention; Reference numerals: 1. Test chamber system; 101. Rockburst test chamber; 1011. Left wall of the test chamber; 1012. Right wall of the test chamber; 1013. Front wall of the test chamber; 1014. Rear wall of the test chamber; 1015. Top wall of the test chamber; 1016. Bottom wall of the test chamber; 1017. Opening of the test chamber; 102. Insulated chamber; 1021. Door of the insulated chamber; 103. Base; 2. True triaxial confining pressure system; 201. True triaxial pressure sensor; 202. True triaxial displacement sensor; 3. Temperature control system; 301. Electric heating module; 302. Temperature sensor of the temperature system; 303. Thermostat; 4. Hydraulic impact system; 401. High-pressure storage tank; 402. Variable frequency high-pressure water pump; 403. Pulse control valve; 404. High-pressure pipeline; 405. Pressure sensor for hydraulic impact system; 406. Rock sample connection joint; 5. Monitoring system; 501. Acoustic emission monitoring system; 502. Temperature sensor; 503. Pressure sensor; 6. Control system; 7. Rock sample; 701. Simulated tunnel; 702. Water injection hole. Detailed Implementation

[0012] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-12 The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below.

[0013] like Figure 1 As shown, a multi-field coupled rockburst model test device of the present invention includes a control system 6. The control system 6 consists of a PLC controller, a touch screen and a data acquisition module, and the sampling frequency is higher than 100Hz. The control system 6 controls the loading of rock sample 7 in the test chamber system 1 by controlling the true triaxial confining pressure system 2, the temperature control system 3 and the hydraulic impact system 4 which are electrically connected to it, and receives acoustic emission, temperature and pressure data collected by the monitoring system 5 which is electrically connected to it during the loading process of rock sample 7. The test chamber system 1 includes a rockburst test chamber 101 which is a cuboid chamber, a heat insulation chamber 102 which is sleeved on the outside of the rockburst test chamber 101 and made of heat insulation material, and a base 103 that supports the system components.

[0014] like Figures 1 to 5As shown, the rockburst test chamber 101 of the present invention is a rectangular chamber composed of a cubic chamber sealed on the left and a cubic chamber with a test chamber opening 1017 on the right. The rockburst test chamber 101 is made of high-strength alloy material, which has a compressive strength of over 50 MPa and a high-temperature resistance of over 200°C. The chamber wall of the rockburst test chamber 101 has a double-layer structure composed of an outer layer of high-strength alloy material and an inner layer of high-temperature resistant soft elastic material, which can make close contact with the rock sample 7 under pressure to ensure a leak-proof seal. The left wall 101 of the rockburst test chamber 101... 11. The front wall 1013 and bottom wall 1016 of the test chamber are fixed, while the right wall 1012, rear wall 1014, and top wall 1015 of the test chamber are movable chamber walls and are independently connected to the servo loading devices in the X, Y, and Z directions of the true triaxial confining pressure system 2, respectively. Each set of servo loading devices in the true triaxial confining pressure system 2 includes a loading cylinder, a true triaxial pressure sensor 201 with an accuracy of ±0.1MPa, and a true triaxial displacement sensor 202 with a loading range of 0-100MPa and a loading rate of 0.01-1MPa / s, so as to realize the simulation of anisotropic stress field.

[0015] like Figure 1 and Figure 6 As shown, the outer side of the heat insulation chamber 102 of the present invention is equipped with a heat insulation chamber opening and closing door 1021. When the heat insulation chamber opening and closing door 1021 is closed, the heat insulation chamber 102 is sealed.

[0016] like Figure 1 and Figure 7 As shown, the temperature control system 3 of the present invention includes an electric heating module 301 arranged around the rockburst test chamber 101 with a heating range from room temperature to 200°C, a temperature sensor 302 with an accuracy of ±1°C, and a constant temperature controller 303 with temperature uniformity controlled within ±2°C. The temperature control system 3 can simulate the constant temperature or periodic fluctuation of the air temperature inside the rockburst test chamber 101.

[0017] like Figure 1 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 As shown, the hydraulic impact system 4 of the present invention includes a high-pressure storage tank 401. A high-pressure pipeline 404 is connected to the right side of the high-pressure storage tank 401. A variable frequency high-pressure water pump 402, a pulse control valve 403, and a hydraulic impact system pressure sensor 405 are connected in series on the high-pressure pipeline 404. The rightmost side of the high-pressure pipeline 404 is connected to the water injection hole 702 of the rock sample 7 through a rock sample connection joint 406 located on the left wall 1011 of the test chamber. The hydraulic impact system 4 has an impact pressure range of 0-50MPa and a pulse frequency of 0.1-10Hz, and can output pulsed, stepped, or constant high-pressure water.

[0018] like Figure 10 and Figure 11As shown, the simulated tunnel 701 located in rock sample 7 of this invention has two types: circular and gate-shaped.

[0019] like Figure 1 and Figure 12 As shown, the monitoring system 5 of the present invention is installed on the inner side of the wall of the rockburst test chamber 101. The monitoring system 5 consists of an acoustic emission monitoring system 501, a temperature sensor 502 and a pressure sensor 503. The monitoring system 5 is used to collect acoustic emission, temperature and pressure data during the loading process of the rock sample 7. The monitoring system 5 is electrically connected to the control system 6 and transmits the data to the control system 6 in real time during the monitoring process.

[0020] Example 1: Three-field coupled rockburst simulation test (true triaxial confining pressure + hydraulic impact + high temperature) S1. Rock Sample Preparation A natural granite sample with dimensions of 1200mm×1200mm×1200mm was selected from a deep-buried tunnel engineering area. Using precision machining equipment, a circular simulated tunnel 701 and a city gate-shaped simulated tunnel 701 with a diameter of 600mm were excavated in the middle of the rock sample 7. The rock sample 7 with the circular simulated tunnel 701 and the rock sample 7 with the city gate-shaped simulated tunnel 701 were loaded for comparative tests. A water injection hole 702 was formed by drilling along the side of the rock sample 7. One end of the water injection hole 702 penetrates into the inner wall of the simulated tunnel 701, and the other end is fitted with a rock sample connection joint 406. The rock sample connection joint 406 is to be connected to the hydraulic impact system 4 to arrange 12 water injection holes 702 with a spacing of 100mm. Each water injection hole 702 is connected to the hydraulic impact system 4 to simulate hydraulic impact.

[0021] S2. Rock sample installation First, open the insulation chamber switch door 1021 of the insulation chamber 102. Control the true triaxial confining pressure system 2 through the control system 6 to move the right wall 1012 of the test chamber in the X direction to the right to the maximum position, and slightly open the rear wall 1014 and the top wall 1015 of the test chamber in the Y and Z directions. Place the prepared rock sample 7 through the test chamber opening 1017 on the bottom wall 1016 of the rockburst test chamber 101. Control the right wall 1012 of the test chamber in the X direction to the left through the control system 6 to push the rock sample 7 into the interior of the rockburst test chamber 101, ensuring that the water injection hole 702 of the rock sample 7 is sealed to the rock sample connection joint 406. Then adjust the rear wall 1014 and the top wall 1015 of the test chamber in the Y and Z directions to make the rockburst test chamber 101 in a sealed state.

[0022] S3. Operating Condition Settings The control system 6 is configured to perform a full-element coordinated loading condition involving true triaxial confining pressure loading, temperature control, and hydraulic impact. The specific parameter settings are as follows: True triaxial confining pressure loading targets: 15MPa in the X direction, 12MPa in the Y direction, and 10MPa in the Z direction, with adjustable ranges of 0-100MPa for the X, Y, and Z directions respectively; High temperature control target: 45℃, temperature adjustable range is room temperature - 200℃; Hydraulic impact loading targets: water pressure loading target is 8MPa, frequency loading target is 5Hz, where the adjustable range of water pressure loading target is 0-50MPa, and the adjustable range of frequency loading target is 0.1-10Hz.

[0023] S4. Parameter Loading Stress loading: Start the true triaxial confining pressure system 2 and apply X, Y, and Z axis stresses at a rate of 0.5 MPa / s to the target values. Stabilize for 45 minutes after the true triaxial confining pressure system 2 has been loaded to the target values. Temperature loading: Start the temperature control system 3 to raise the temperature inside the rockburst test chamber 101 to 45℃ and keep it constant for 25 minutes; Hydraulic impact loading: Start hydraulic impact system 4 and output high-pressure water to simulate tunnel 701 at a set pressure of 8MPa and a frequency of 5Hz for 20 minutes. Failure loading: Based on the aforementioned working conditions, the stress on the X, Y, and Z axes is gradually increased through the control system 6 until the rock sample 7 fails.

[0024] S5. Data Acquisition and Observation During the experiment, the control system 6 collected data on stress, displacement, temperature, and hydraulic impact pressure in real time, while the monitoring system 5 recorded acoustic emission phenomena, temperature and pressure changes in real time. By comparing and observing the stress-strain curves, temperature changes and acoustic emission events of rock sample 7 before and after the rockburst, the entire process of rockburst incubation, occurrence and release of rock sample 7 was accurately captured.

[0025] S6. End of Experiment After the test, the loading conditions were turned off by the control system 6. Due to the high temperature conditions applied, the temperature inside the rockburst test chamber 101 was first reduced to room temperature. Then, the insulation chamber door 1021 of the insulation chamber 102 was opened. The true triaxial confining pressure system 2 was controlled by the control system 6 to move the right wall 1012 of the test chamber in the X direction to the maximum position, and the rock sample 7 was taken out.

[0026] S7. Rockburst Analysis After taking out rock sample 7, the failure mode of simulated tunnel 701 was observed, and the characteristics such as the location, range, and mode of rockburst occurrence were recorded. Combined with the test data recorded by control system 6, the correlation between rockburst occurrence and true triaxial stress, high temperature, and hydraulic impact was analyzed to clarify the control conditions for rockburst occurrence. For example, by comparing the rockburst characteristics of circular tunnels and portal-shaped tunnels, the influence of tunnel shape on rockburst was analyzed. By comparing the test results of three-field coupling and single-factor conditions, the intensification effect of multi-factor coupling on rockburst was analyzed.

[0027] Example 2: Dual-field coupled rockburst simulation test (true triaxial confining pressure + hydraulic impact) Based on Example 1, the operating conditions were adjusted to retain only true triaxial confining pressure and hydraulic impact, without applying high-temperature conditions. Specific parameter settings: True triaxial confining pressure loading targets: X-direction loading target is 20MPa, Y-direction loading target is 15MPa, and Z-direction loading target is 12MPa; Hydraulic impact loading targets: water pressure loading target is 10MPa, frequency loading target is 8Hz; The experiment was conducted using the same steps, and the characteristics of rockburst occurrence were recorded. The results were compared and analyzed with those of Example 1 to verify the promoting effect of high temperature on rockburst.

[0028] Example 3: Single-factor rockburst simulation test (true triaxial confining pressure only) Based on Examples 1 and 2, the operating conditions were adjusted to apply only true triaxial confining pressure, without applying high temperature or hydraulic impact. Specific parameter settings are as follows: True triaxial confining pressure loading targets: X-direction loading target is 25MPa, Y-direction loading target is 20MPa, and Z-direction loading target is 15MPa; The experiment was conducted using the same steps, and the characteristics of rockburst occurrence were recorded. The results were compared and analyzed with those of Examples 1 and 2 to verify the dominant role of true triaxial confining pressure in rockburst.

[0029] Through comparative experiments of the above three embodiments, the independent and coupled effects of true triaxial confining pressure, high temperature environment and hydraulic impact on rockburst can be systematically analyzed, providing a scientific basis for the prediction and prevention of rockburst in deep underground engineering.

[0030] This invention, through multi-field coupled simulation, more accurately simulates the real environment of rockburst occurrence, providing a scientific basis for rockburst prediction and prevention, and is of great significance for the safe construction of deep underground engineering projects. Experimental results show that this invention can effectively simulate the entire rockburst process, accurately capture key parameters of rockburst occurrence, and provide strong support for rockburst mechanism research and engineering practice.

[0031] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and modifications without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-field coupled rockburst model test device, characterized in that: The system includes a control system (6) with a sampling frequency higher than 100Hz, consisting of a PLC controller, a touch screen and a data acquisition module. The control system (6) controls the loading of the rock sample (7) in the test chamber system (1) by controlling the true triaxial confining pressure system (2), the temperature control system (3) and the hydraulic impact system (4) which are electrically connected to it. The test chamber system (1) includes a cuboid rockburst test chamber (101), an insulated chamber (102) fitted on the outside of the rockburst test chamber (101) and made of thermal insulation material, and a base (103) for supporting system components. The rockburst test chamber (101) consists of a cubic chamber sealed on the left and a cubic chamber with a test chamber opening (1017) on the right. The rockburst test chamber (101) made of high-strength alloy material has a compressive strength of over 50 MPa and a high temperature resistance of over 200°C. Movable chamber walls that can be connected to the true triaxial confining pressure system (2) are provided in the X, Y, and Z directions of the rockburst test chamber (101). The true triaxial confining pressure system (2) includes three independent servo loading devices set on the X, Y, and Z axes of the rockburst test chamber (101). Each servo loading device includes a loading cylinder, a true triaxial pressure sensor (201) with an accuracy of ±0.1MPa, and a true triaxial displacement sensor (202) with a loading range of 0-100MPa and a loading rate of 0.01-1MPa / s. The temperature control system (3) includes an electric heating module (301) with a heating range of room temperature to 200°C, a temperature sensor (302) with an accuracy of ±1°C, and a constant temperature controller (303) with temperature uniformity controlled within ±2°C. The hydraulic impact system (4) includes a high-pressure storage tank (401), a variable frequency high-pressure water pump (402), a pulse control valve (403), and a hydraulic impact system pressure sensor (405) connected in series on the high-pressure pipeline (404). The high-pressure pipeline (404) is connected to a rock sample connection joint (406) installed on the side wall of the rockburst test chamber (101). The impact pressure range of the hydraulic impact system (4) is 0-50MPa, and the pulse frequency is 0.1-10Hz. The control system (6) can also receive acoustic emission, temperature and pressure data collected by the acoustic emission monitoring system (501), temperature sensor (502) and pressure sensor (503) during the loading of the rock sample (7) by the monitoring system (5). The monitoring system (5) is installed on the inner side of the wall of the rockburst test chamber (101).

2. The multi-field coupled rockburst model test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wall of the rockburst test chamber (101) is a double-layer structure consisting of an outer layer of high-strength alloy material and an inner layer of high-temperature resistant soft elastic material; the front side of the heat insulation chamber (102) is provided with a heat insulation chamber opening and closing door (1021).

3. The multi-field coupled rockburst model test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left wall (1011), front wall (1013), and bottom wall (1016) of the rockburst test chamber (101) are fixed, while the right wall (1012), rear wall (1014), and top wall (1015) are movable chamber walls and are respectively connected to the servo loading device of the true triaxial confining pressure system (2).

4. The multi-field coupled rockburst model test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rock sample connection joint (406) of the hydraulic impact system (4) is connected to a high-pressure pipeline (404) at one end and to a water injection hole (702) of the rock sample (7) at the other end. The hydraulic impact system (4) can output pulsed, stepped or constant high-pressure water.

5. A multi-field coupled rockburst model test method, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Rock sample preparation: Select natural rock samples or similar materials to prepare large-size rock samples (7), excavate a simulated tunnel in the middle (701), drill holes on the side to form water injection holes (702), one end of the water injection hole (702) penetrates to the inner wall of the tunnel, and the other end is connected to the rock sample connection joint (406). S2. Rock sample installation: Open the insulation chamber switch door (1021) of the insulation chamber (102), control the movable chamber wall of the rockburst test chamber (101) in the X, Y, and Z directions to open, put the rock sample (7) through the test chamber opening (1017) into the rockburst test chamber (101), push the movable chamber wall in the X, Y, and Z directions to make the rock sample (7) in place and seal it with the hydraulic impact system (4); S3. Working condition setting: The test mode of single-field working condition, dual-field coupled working condition or triple-field coupled working condition can be flexibly selected by the control system (6); among them, the single-field working condition covers true triaxial confining pressure loading, independent temperature control or single hydraulic impact; the dual-field coupled working condition includes three combinations of true triaxial confining pressure loading and temperature control, true triaxial confining pressure loading and hydraulic impact, and temperature control and hydraulic impact; the triple-field coupled working condition realizes the full-element coordinated loading of true triaxial confining pressure loading, temperature control and hydraulic impact; S4. Parameter loading: Load the corresponding parameters in sequence according to the set working conditions. The loading sequence of the three-field coupling working conditions is: true triaxial confining pressure is loaded to the target value and stabilized for 30-60 minutes, temperature is controlled to the target temperature and kept constant for 20-30 minutes, hydraulic impact system is started and continues until the set duration is reached, until the rock sample (7) is destroyed. S5. Data Acquisition and Observation: The control system (6) collects stress, displacement, temperature and hydraulic impact pressure data in real time, and the monitoring system (5) collects acoustic emission, temperature and pressure data simultaneously. The stress-strain curve, temperature change and acoustic emission events of the rock sample (7) before and after the rock burst are compared and observed to accurately capture the whole process of rock burst incubation, occurrence and release of the rock sample (7). S6. End of test: Unload all loading parameters. Under high temperature conditions, the rock sample needs to be cooled before taking out (7) and the rockburst test chamber (101) is cleaned. S7. Rockburst analysis: Combining the failure morphology of rock sample (7) with experimental data, analyze the evolution law and control conditions of rockburst.

6. The multi-field coupled rockburst model test method according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S1, the simulated tunnel (701) is circular or gate-shaped, and the water injection holes (702) are evenly arranged along the side of the rock sample (7) with a number of no less than 3.

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