A test method for simulating the behavior of rail friction fatigue under real operating conditions

By using a multi-parameter test method that simulates real operating conditions, the wear and fatigue damage of bainitic and pearlitic rails are evaluated. This addresses the lack of research on the coupling effect of materials and multiple parameters in existing technologies, provides scientific material selection and maintenance strategies, and optimizes rail life prediction and maintenance.

CN122385391APending Publication Date: 2026-07-14BAOTOU IRON & STEEL (GROUP) CO LTD
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Patent Information

Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Applications(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
BAOTOU IRON & STEEL (GROUP) CO LTD
Filing Date
2026-04-07
Publication Date
2026-07-14

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

Existing research lacks systematic studies on the frictional fatigue behavior of rails under simulated real operating conditions, considering the coupling effect of material type and multiple operating parameters. In particular, there is a sharp increase in wear rate of bainitic rails under high slip conditions, and existing methods are difficult to provide scientific material selection and maintenance strategies.

Method used

Using a wheel-rail simulation device, multi-parameter tests were conducted on bainitic and pearlitic rails by adjusting parameters such as running speed, axle load, and curve radius. The tests simulated real operating conditions, evaluated their wear and fatigue damage characteristics, and collected and analyzed data using tools such as electronic balances and scanning electron microscopes.

Benefits of technology

This study enables a systematic evaluation of the wear and fatigue damage patterns of rail materials under different working conditions, providing a scientific basis for rail material selection and track maintenance, and optimizing rail life prediction and maintenance strategies. In particular, bainitic rails exhibit better fatigue resistance under low speed, high axle load, and small curve radius conditions.

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Abstract

The application discloses a test method for simulating the friction fatigue behavior of a steel rail under real running conditions, and comprises the following steps: preparing a rolling sample; installing the steel rail sample in a wheel-rail simulation device and rolling contact with a commonly used wheel steel wheel sample; the running parameters are as follows: the curve radius is a small curve radius, a medium curve radius or a straight line, the running speed is a low speed level, a medium speed level or a high speed level, and the axle load is a low axle load, a medium axle load or a high axle load; a large number of cyclic rolling contact tests are carried out under the condition of 1% slip, and the wear rate, surface morphology, plastic deformation layer depth and fatigue crack data are collected; statistical analysis is carried out on the test results, and the friction wear and contact fatigue performance of different steel rail materials are evaluated. Through the multi-parameter regulation, the wear and fatigue damage characteristics of the bainite and pearlite steel rails under different running speeds, axle loads and curve radii are evaluated, so that data support is provided for the selection of railway steel rails and maintenance strategies.
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