A first piece inspection machine for a photovoltaic welding strip production automated workshop

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of inspection technology, specifically to a first-piece inspection machine for an automated photovoltaic ribbon production workshop. The machine includes a support frame, a product conveyor belt mounted on the support frame for transporting normal products, a suspension system slidably mounted on the top of the support frame for supporting and transporting the photovoltaic ribbon, a moving mechanism positioned above the suspension system for driving the suspension system to reciprocate along the extension direction of the product conveyor belt, a rotating mechanism including multiple positioning rods rotatably mounted on the suspension system for fixing and driving the photovoltaic ribbon to rotate around its own axis, a line-scan camera for circumferential scanning of the photovoltaic ribbon, a cooling mechanism including air outlets for blowing and cooling the surface of the photovoltaic ribbon, a resonance unit mounted on the positioning rods for generating centrifugal resonance when the positioning rods rotate and transmitting vibrations to the photovoltaic ribbon, and a heating unit including a rotatable heat-generating friction ring and friction bushing to work in conjunction with the cooling mechanism to create thermal stress on the photovoltaic ribbon.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of inspection technology, specifically to a first-piece inspection machine for an automated workshop in photovoltaic welding strip production. Background Technology

[0002] Photovoltaic solder ribbon (tinned copper ribbon) is a key connection material for photovoltaic modules, and its quality directly determines the module's photoelectric conversion efficiency, reliability, and lifespan. In the manufacturing chain from cell to module encapsulation, solder ribbon serves the dual functions of "current conduction" and "mechanical connection." As the industry accelerates its shift towards N-type cells, the precision requirements for solder ribbon have increased from ±100μm for traditional P-type cells to ±10μm. The thickness accuracy and surface tin layer uniformity of the solder ribbon have become critical parameters affecting module efficiency.

[0003] First article inspection is a mandatory quality control step in the production process. Its core value lies in verifying the stability of process parameters (such as solder pot temperature, tension, and speed) before mass production, so as to avoid the scrapping of the entire batch of products due to the first article being unqualified.

[0004] Currently, the industry generally adopts the following method for inspecting the first piece of photovoltaic welding strip: the operator manually cuts a section of welding strip or takes off the whole roll of the first product on the production line, transports it to a fixed inspection table, and the quality inspector uses tools such as calipers, microscopes, and peel force testers to conduct offline inspections of items such as size, appearance, and welding force. This approach has several inherent drawbacks: First, it relies on manual handling and transportation, which is inefficient and incompatible with the high-speed, continuous production cycle, impacting capacity. Second, manual handling and clamping may introduce secondary contamination or mechanical damage. Third, offline inspection is detached from the production line status, and the inspection data cannot be immediately correlated with real-time process parameters (such as temperature, tension, and speed) during production, making it difficult to accurately trace the root cause when defects are discovered. Finally, and most importantly, traditional inspection methods are limited to "post-hoc measurements" of the static, apparent properties of the solder strip, such as width, thickness, surface finish, and peel strength, and cannot provide any predictive assessment of the intrinsic quality of the solder strip roll, the interlayer bonding state, or its long-term reliability under simulated complex working conditions (such as day-night temperature differences and continuous vibration). For example, microscopic adhesion, uneven internal stress, or potential weak points in the bonding between the coating and the substrate that may occur during the winding process cannot be detected in static, room-temperature offline inspection, but may cause serious problems such as loosening, breakage, or conductivity degradation during subsequent transportation, storage, or outdoor operation of the components. Therefore, this application proposes a first-piece inspection machine for an automated workshop for photovoltaic welding strip production. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a first-piece inspection machine for an automated photovoltaic ribbon production workshop, in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a first-piece inspection machine for an automated photovoltaic welding strip production workshop, comprising a support frame, a product conveyor belt mounted on the support frame for conveying normal products, and further comprising: A suspension system, slidably mounted on top of the support frame, is used to support and transport photovoltaic welding strips; The moving mechanism, located above the suspension, is used to drive the suspension to reciprocate along the extension direction of the product conveyor belt; The rotating mechanism includes multiple positioning rods rotatably mounted on the suspension for fixing and driving the photovoltaic welding strip to rotate about its own axis. Linear array camera, used for circumferential scanning of photovoltaic solder ribbons; The cooling mechanism includes an exhaust nozzle that can blow and cool the surface of the photovoltaic ribbon; A resonant unit, disposed on the positioning rod, is used to generate centrifugal resonance when the positioning rod rotates and transmit the vibration to the photovoltaic ribbon; The heating unit includes a rotatable heat-generating friction collar and a friction bushing, used to generate frictional heat when the positioning rod rotates and conduct it to the inner wall of the photovoltaic ribbon, so as to cooperate with the cooling mechanism to form thermal stress on the photovoltaic ribbon.

[0007] Preferably, the moving mechanism includes a cross plate fixedly connected to the suspension, a rack fixedly connected inside the bracket, a stepper motor fixedly connected to the top of the cross plate, a gear meshing with the rack fixedly connected to the output end of the stepper motor, a slide bar fixedly connected inside the bracket, and a sliding shoe slidably connected to the slide bar fixedly connected to the bottom of the cross plate.

[0008] Preferably, a locator is fixedly connected to the top of the horizontal plate, and a position sensor adapted to the locator is fixedly connected inside the bracket.

[0009] Preferably, the rotating mechanism further includes a servo motor fixedly connected to the bottom of the suspension, a driven wheel rotatably connected to the internal part of the suspension and connected to the positioning rod, a driving wheel fixedly connected to the output end of the servo motor, the driving wheel and the driven wheel being connected by a synchronous belt drive, and a belt pressure wheel for tensioning the synchronous belt rotatably connected to the internal part of the suspension.

[0010] Preferably, the suspension is internally rotatably connected to a reciprocating screw, and the outer surface of the reciprocating screw is threadedly connected to a slider that is slidably connected to the suspension. The line scan camera is fixedly connected to the slider.

[0011] Preferably, the cooling mechanism further includes a bellows shroud fixedly connected to one side of the suspension. The bellows shroud has a one-way inlet valve at its air inlet and a one-way outlet valve at its air outlet. The outlet of the one-way outlet valve is connected to an outlet nozzle via an air pipe. The outlet nozzle is connected to one side of the line scan camera.

[0012] Preferably, the resonance unit includes a pawl disposed on the outer surface of the positioning rod, and two counterweight balls are slidably connected inside the pawl, the two counterweight balls being connected by a vibrating spring.

[0013] Preferably, the outer surface of the positioning rod is provided with a groove for sliding connection of the pawl, and a thrust spring fixedly connected to the pawl is fixedly connected in the groove.

[0014] Preferably, the heating unit further includes a copper rod connected inside the positioning rod, the friction collar is fixedly connected to the top of the suspension, the friction bushing is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the positioning rod, the copper rod and the friction bushing conduct heat, and one end of the copper rod is connected to the claw through a heat-conducting plate.

[0015] Preferably, a dust cover is fixedly connected to the top of the bracket.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. A mobile drive mechanism consisting of a stepper motor, gears, racks, sliding shoes, and sliders, combined with the coordination of a positioner and a position sensor, can automatically, quickly, and accurately transport the first piece of photovoltaic welding strip from any point on the production line to a fixed inspection station. It automatically stops and alarms upon arrival, greatly reducing manual intervention and waiting time, and ensuring that the inspection rhythm is synchronized with the production line. A servo motor drives the drive wheel, which in turn drives all positioning rods and driven wheels to rotate synchronously via a synchronous belt, ensuring the welding strip rotates at a uniform speed. Simultaneously, the servo motor drives a slider via a reciprocating screw, causing a linear array camera to perform a vertical reciprocating motion, thereby performing a spiral full-coverage scan of the rotating welding strip surface, ensuring no blind spots and high image acquisition efficiency. The design cleverly utilizes the mechanical energy of the slider's up-and-down movement to periodically compress the top and bottom bellows air hoods. This design makes it act like an air pump, drawing in air through a one-way inlet valve and then ejecting it at high speed from the outlet nozzle through a one-way outlet valve and air pipe. The blown-out cold air cools the surface of the welding strip on the one hand, and effectively blows away the attached dust on the other hand, which significantly improves the clarity and accuracy of the scanned images of the line scan camera. Moreover, it does not require an external air source, making it energy-saving and environmentally friendly.

[0017] 2. When the positioning rod rotates, the two counterweight balls connected by a vibrating spring inside the jaws form a controlled resonance under centrifugal force. This vibration is transmitted through the jaws, which are pressed against the inner wall of the welding strip by a thrust spring. The resulting alternating shear force can effectively excite and expose latent defects such as interlayer adhesion and stress concentration. By analyzing the resonance modes, a linear array camera can create a vibration fingerprint, non-destructively diagnose the internal stress uniformity and shaft deformation of the roll. When the positioning rod rotates, the fixed friction ring and the rotating friction bushing generate heat through friction. The heat is efficiently conducted to the jaws and the inner wall of the welding strip through the copper rod and heat-conducting plate, heating them. At the same time, the outer surface of the welding strip is being swept by the cold air from the exhaust nozzle, thus forming a severe radial temperature gradient (internal heat and external cold) on the welding strip. This thermal stress due to temperature difference is coupled with the resonant mechanical shear force mentioned above, accurately simulating the harsh combined working conditions of outdoor day and night temperature difference and mechanical vibration. It can efficiently induce and expose long-term reliability problems that cannot be detected by single stress, such as interlayer adhesion failure, delamination or plastic deformation caused by the combined effect of thermal fatigue and mechanical fatigue. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure with the dust cover removed in this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the support structure in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the suspension structure in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the gear and rack structure in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the suspension structure in this invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the reciprocating screw in this invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the synchronous belt structure in this invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the positioning rod in this invention; Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 9 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle.

[0019] In the diagram: 100, bracket; 101, photovoltaic welding strip; 102, product conveyor belt; 103, dust cover; 200, suspension; 201, positioning rod; 202, cross plate; 203, position sensor; 204, positioner; 205, rack and pinion; 206, stepper motor; 207, gear; 208, sliding shoe; 209, sliding strip; 210, line array camera; 300, accordion air cover; 301, one-way exhaust valve; 302 303. One-way air inlet valve; 304. Air pipe; 305. Air outlet; 306. Reciprocating screw; 307. Slider; 308. Servo motor; 309. Drive wheel; 310. Driven wheel; 311. Synchronous belt; 312. Belt pressure roller; 400. Claw; 401. Counterweight ball; 402. Vibration spring; 403. Thrust spring; 404. Copper rod; 405. Heat conduction plate; 406. Friction collar; 407. Friction bushing. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Example 1: Please refer to Figure 1 - Figure 10 The present invention provides a technical solution: a first-piece inspection machine for an automated workshop for photovoltaic welding ribbon production, including a support 100 and a product conveyor belt 102 set on the support 100 for conveying normal products. A dust cover 103 is fixedly connected to the top of the support 100, and the product conveyor belt 102 can be protected from dust by setting the dust cover 103.

[0022] It also includes a suspension 200, which is slidably disposed on the top of the bracket 100 for carrying and conveying the photovoltaic welding strip 101. The suspension 200 is placed above the product conveyor belt 102, and the conveying direction of the suspension 200 is consistent with that of the product conveyor belt 102.

[0023] It also includes a moving mechanism, disposed above the suspension 200, for driving the suspension 200 to reciprocate along the extension direction of the product conveyor belt 102. The moving mechanism includes a cross plate 202 fixedly connected to the suspension 200, a rack 205 fixedly connected inside the support 100, a stepper motor 206 fixedly connected to the top of the cross plate 202, a gear 207 meshing with the rack 205 fixedly connected to the output end of the stepper motor 206, a slide bar 209 fixedly connected inside the support 100, and a sliding shoe 208 slidably connected to the slide bar 209 fixedly connected to the bottom of the cross plate 202. A locator 204 is fixedly connected to the top of the bracket 202, and a position sensor 203 adapted to the locator 204 is fixedly connected inside the bracket 100. The photovoltaic welding strip 101 of the first piece can be quickly conveyed by the moving mechanism. A stepper motor 206 drives the gear 207 to rotate and cooperate with the slipper 208 to drive the suspension 200. The cooperation between the slipper 208 and the slide bar 209 can improve the stability of the movement of the cross plate 202. The cooperation between the position sensor 203 and the locator 204 can locate the position of the suspension 200, thereby improving the accuracy of movement.

[0024] It also includes a rotating mechanism, comprising multiple positioning rods 201 rotatably mounted on the suspension 200 for fixing and driving the photovoltaic welding strip 101 to rotate around its own axis. The rotating mechanism also includes a servo motor 307 fixedly connected to the bottom of the suspension 200. A driven wheel 309 connected to the positioning rods 201 is rotatably connected inside the suspension 200. A driving wheel 308 is fixedly connected to the output end of the servo motor 307. The driving wheel 308 and the driven wheel 309 are connected by a synchronous belt 310. A belt pressure wheel 311 for tensioning the synchronous belt 310 is rotatably connected inside the suspension 200. By setting the driving wheel 308 to drive the synchronous belt 310 to move, the driven wheel 309 is driven to rotate. The driven wheel 309 is connected to the positioning rod 201 and driven to rotate, thereby rotating the photovoltaic welding strip 101.

[0025] It also includes a line array camera 210 for circumferential scanning of the photovoltaic ribbon 101. By setting the line array camera 210, the rotating photovoltaic ribbon 101 can be circumferentially scanned.

[0026] To enable the line scan camera 210 to perform full-height scanning of the rotating photovoltaic welding strip 101, a reciprocating screw 305 is vertically rotatably connected inside the suspension 200. This reciprocating screw 305 is coaxially and fixedly connected to the drive wheel 308, thus achieving synchronized rotation with the positioning rod 201. A slider 306 is threadedly connected to the outer surface of the reciprocating screw 305, and the slider 306 is slidably connected to the vertical guide rail on the inner wall of the suspension 200. The line scan camera 210 is fixedly mounted on the slider 306, with its lens horizontally pointing towards the photovoltaic welding strip 101 at the inspection station. While driving the positioning rod 201 to rotate, the servo motor 307 also drives the reciprocating screw 305 to rotate via the drive wheel 308. The rotational motion of the reciprocating screw 305 is converted into the reciprocating motion of the slider 306 in the vertical direction, thereby driving the line scan camera 210 to move up and down at a uniform speed, achieving a spiral-like full-scale scan of the side surface of the rotating photovoltaic welding strip 101.

[0027] It also includes a cooling mechanism, including an air outlet 304 that can blow and cool the surface of the photovoltaic ribbon 101. By setting the cooling mechanism, the photovoltaic ribbon 101 can be cooled by venting gas from the air outlet 304, so that the ribbon is cooled and the attached floating dust is blown away, thereby improving the scanning accuracy of the line scan camera 210.

[0028] Furthermore, the cooling mechanism also includes two bellows-shaped air hoods 300, which are fixedly installed on the top and bottom of the slider 306, respectively. Each bellows-shaped air hood 300 has a one-way inlet valve 302 that allows only external gas to enter, and a one-way outlet valve 301 that allows only internal gas to exit. The two one-way outlet valves 301 are connected to a common air pipe 303 via a tee. The end of the air pipe 303 is connected to an outlet nozzle 304 pointing towards the surface of the photovoltaic welding ribbon 101. The outlet nozzle 304 is fixed to the bracket of the linear array camera 210. Its operation is as follows: when the servo motor 307 drives the slider 306 to reciprocate up and down, the top and bottom of the slider 306 intermittently compress the bellows-shaped air hoods 300 located above and below it. When one of the bellows hoods 300 is compressed, its internal volume decreases and the air pressure increases, forcing the internal gas to open the one-way exhaust valve 301 and be ejected at high speed from the exhaust nozzle 304 through the air pipe 303. This blows and cools the surface of the rotating photovoltaic welding ribbon 101, effectively removing surface dust and improving the imaging clarity of the line array camera 210. While one bellows hood 300 is being compressed and vented, another bellows hood 300 is in a reset and expansion state, creating a negative pressure inside. Under atmospheric pressure, outside air forces open the one-way intake valve 302 and enters the hood, preparing for the next compression and venting. The reciprocating motion of the slider 306 enables automatic gas pumping and cooling purging.

[0029] Specifically, before mass production, the first photovoltaic welding ribbon 101 produced is placed on the positioning rod 201 at the top of the suspension 200. The stepper motor 206 is activated, driving the gear 207 to rotate and mesh with the rack 205. This, in turn, moves the suspension 200 via the horizontal plate 202, enabling rapid transport of the photovoltaic welding ribbon 101. Normally, the welding ribbon is transported within the product conveyor belt 102. The position sensor 203 and the positioner 204 are adapted to each other, allowing the horizontal plate 202 to position the photovoltaic welding ribbon 101 as it moves, with the positioner 204 and position sensor 203 working together. When the photovoltaic welding ribbon 101 is transported to the inspection station, it stops moving and triggers an audible and visual alarm, allowing inspectors to promptly identify and remove the first piece. The suspension 200 then returns to the next testing point, repeating the process. During the transport of the photovoltaic welding ribbon 101, the servo motor 307 is activated, driving the... The reciprocating screw 305 rotates, which in turn drives the slider 306 to reciprocate up and down, continuously changing the height of the line array camera 210, thereby achieving a comprehensive scan and detection of the photovoltaic welding ribbon 101. At the same time, when the reciprocating screw 305 rotates, it drives the drive wheel 308 to rotate along with it, which in turn drives multiple driven wheels 309 to rotate through the synchronous belt 310, causing the positioning rod 201 to rotate and drive the photovoltaic welding ribbon 101 to perform a circular motion. Meanwhile, when the line array camera 210 moves up and down, it drives the one-way exhaust valve 301 to intermittently squeeze the two bellows air hoods 300 located at its top and bottom. The bellows air hoods 300 are squeezed, causing the gas inside to be transported to the exhaust nozzle 304 through the one-way exhaust valve 301 and the air pipe 303. The gas is then discharged through the exhaust nozzle 304 and blown onto the surface of the photovoltaic welding ribbon 101 to achieve cooling. The bellows air hoods 300 are replenished with gas through the one-way intake valve 302.

[0030] In summary, the mobile drive mechanism, composed of a stepper motor 206, gear 207, rack 205, slipper 208, and slide bar 209, combined with the coordination of the positioner 204 and the position sensor 203, can automatically, quickly, and accurately transport the first photovoltaic welding strip 101 from any point on the production line to a fixed inspection station. Upon arrival, it automatically stops and triggers an alarm, greatly reducing manual intervention and waiting time, ensuring that the inspection rhythm is synchronized with the production line. The servo motor 307 drives the drive wheel 308, which in turn drives all the positioning rods 201 and driven wheels 309 to rotate synchronously via the synchronous belt 310, causing the welding strip 101 to rotate at a uniform speed. Simultaneously, the servo motor 307 drives the slider 306 via the reciprocating screw 305, which in turn drives the line array camera 210 to perform vertical reciprocating motion, thereby performing a spiral full-coverage scan of the rotating welding strip surface, ensuring no blind spots and high image acquisition efficiency. The mechanical energy of the slider 306's up-and-down movement is cleverly utilized to periodically compress the top and bottom bellows hoods 300. This design makes it function like an air pump, drawing in air through a one-way inlet valve 302 and then ejecting it at high speed from the outlet 304 via a one-way outlet valve 301 and an air pipe 303. The blown-out cool air cools the surface of the welding strip and effectively removes adhering dust, significantly improving the clarity and accuracy of the scanned images from the line scan camera 210. Moreover, it requires no external air source, making it energy-saving and environmentally friendly.

[0031] Example 2: Please refer to Figure 1 - Figure 10 The present invention also provides a technical solution, which differs from the technical solution of Embodiment 1 as follows: a first-piece inspection machine for an automated workshop for photovoltaic welding strip production.

[0032] It also includes a resonance unit, which is set on the positioning rod 201, and is used to generate centrifugal resonance when the positioning rod 201 rotates and transmit the vibration to the photovoltaic welding ribbon 101. The resonance unit includes a claw 400 set on the outer surface of the positioning rod 201. Two counterweight balls 401 are slidably connected inside the claw 400. The two counterweight balls 401 are connected by a vibration spring 402. Under the action of centrifugal force, the counterweight balls 401 will move and generate resonance under the traction and reset force of the vibration spring 402. The magnitude of the resonance force can be controlled by adjusting the rotation speed of the positioning rod 201.

[0033] The alternating shear force generated by this resonant vibration can effectively overcome the weak electrostatic adsorption force between solder ribbon layers or the slight adhesion force of solder paste. Simultaneously, the high-speed linear array camera 210 captures the micro-displacement of the photovoltaic solder ribbon 101 surface under resonant conditions, and by combining this with scanning the resonant response at different frequencies, it can plot the vibration mode spectrum of the photovoltaic solder ribbon 101 and its entire roll. Abnormal vibration modes, such as excessive amplitude at specific locations or the appearance of asymmetric vibration modes, can directly and sensitively reflect deep-seated quality problems such as uneven internal stress of the roll, local bulges, or minute deformations of the rotating shaft itself. Completing this preliminary dynamic detection simultaneously during the inspection and transport process allows for the early detection of structural hazards, greatly reducing the complexity and uncertainty of subsequent manual inspections of similar issues.

[0034] Furthermore, the outer surface of the positioning rod 201 is provided with a groove for the sliding connection of the claws 400. A thrust spring 403, which is fixedly connected to the claws 400, is fixedly connected in the groove. By setting the cooperation between the thrust spring 403 and the groove, the claws 400 can be continuously provided with external tension, so that they are fixed against the inner wall of the photovoltaic welding ribbon 101. When the core of the photovoltaic welding ribbon 101 is inserted into the positioning rod 201, the claws 400 are pressed inward, and the thrust spring 403 is compressed. Under the action of the spring restoring force, the outer arc surfaces of the multiple claws 400 can be evenly and firmly attached to the inner wall of the photovoltaic welding ribbon 101, realizing automatic alignment and rigid fixation, and providing reliable physical contact for resonant energy transfer and subsequent heating.

[0035] It also includes a heating unit, including a rotatable heat-generating friction collar 406 and a friction bushing 407, which are used to generate frictional heat when the positioning rod 201 rotates and conduct it to the inner wall of the photovoltaic welding ribbon 101. This works in conjunction with the cooling mechanism to create thermal stress on the photovoltaic welding ribbon 101. The heat generation principle is that when the positioning rod 201 rotates at high speed, the fixed friction collar 406 and the friction bushing 407 that rotates with the shaft generate intense relative sliding friction, thereby converting mechanical energy into heat energy. By accurately reproducing the real working conditions of the photovoltaic welding ribbon in the outdoor environment with large day-night temperature differences, while being subjected to the vibration of the fan or support, the temperature difference causes the material to expand and contract, while the resonant shear force continuously shakes. The two work together to efficiently expose the adhesion failure, delamination or plastic deformation caused by the combined effects of thermal fatigue and mechanical fatigue between the welding ribbon and the shaft core, and between the welding ribbon layers. This is a composite failure mode that is difficult to detect with a single stress.

[0036] Furthermore, the heating unit also includes a copper rod 404 connected inside the positioning rod 201, a friction collar 406 fixedly connected to the top of the suspension 200, and a friction bushing 407 fixedly connected to the outer surface of the positioning rod 201. The copper rod 404 and the friction bushing 407 conduct heat, and one end of the copper rod 404 is connected to the claw 400 through a heat-conducting plate 405. By setting the heat conduction path formed by the copper rod 404 and the heat-conducting plate 405, the heat generated by friction in the friction bushing 407 can be quickly and with low loss transferred to the claw 400, and then the inner wall of the photovoltaic welding ribbon 101 in close contact with it can be directly heated through the outer surface of the claw 400.

[0037] Specifically, when the photovoltaic solder ribbon 101 is fitted onto the surface of the positioning rod 201, the inner wall of the photovoltaic solder ribbon 101 will abut against the outer arc surface of multiple claws 400, squeezing the claws 400 to slide inward, thereby compressing the thrust spring 403. The reverse elastic force generated by the thrust spring 403 pushes the claws 400 back to their original position, forming a strong and stable contact force between them and the inner wall of the photovoltaic solder ribbon 101, achieving automatic clamping. When the servo motor 307 drives the positioning rod 201 to rotate, the counterweight ball 401 located in the cavity of the claw 400 begins to move under the influence of centrifugal force, and generates controlled resonance under the coupling of the jitter spring 402. This vibration is directly transmitted to the inside of the photovoltaic solder ribbon 101 core through the claw 400. The alternating shear force generated by the resonant jitter can effectively overcome the weak electrostatic adsorption force between solder ribbon layers or the slight adhesion force of solder paste. If slight interlayer adhesion occurs in the solder ribbon during winding due to improper temperature or tension, it will be undetectable under normal uniform rotation. However, under resonant vibration at a specific frequency, the adhesion points may suddenly loosen locally or experience micron-level abnormal displacement. These micro-dynamics will be captured and analyzed in real time by a high-precision linear array camera 210. Simultaneously, during the rotation of the positioning rod 201, continuous sliding friction occurs between the fixed friction ring 406 and the rotating friction bushing 407, converting mechanical energy into heat energy. The generated heat is efficiently transferred to the inside of the chuck 400 through the well-thermally connected copper rod 404 and heat-conducting plate 405, thus concentrating the heating of the inner wall of the photovoltaic solder ribbon 101 in contact with the outer surface of the chuck 400. At the same time, the outside of the photovoltaic solder ribbon 101 is being purged by cold air from the vent 304. This creates a significant radial temperature gradient in the photovoltaic solder ribbon 101, resulting in "internal heat and external cold." This temperature difference causes uneven expansion and contraction of the material, generating internal thermal stress.

[0038] In summary, when the positioning rod 201 rotates, the two counterweight balls 401 connected by the vibrating spring 402 inside the claw 400 form a controlled resonance under centrifugal force. This vibration is transmitted through the claw 400, which is pressed against the inner wall of the welding strip by the thrust spring 403. The resulting alternating shear force can effectively excite and expose latent defects such as interlayer adhesion and stress concentration. The linear array camera 210 can draw a vibration fingerprint by analyzing the resonance mode, and non-destructively diagnose the internal stress uniformity and shaft deformation of the roll. When the positioning rod 201 rotates, the fixed friction collar 406 and the rotating friction bushing 407 generate heat through friction. The heat is efficiently conducted to the claw 400 and the inner wall of the welding strip through the copper rod 404 and the heat-conducting plate 405, heating them. At the same time, the outer surface of the welding strip is being swept by the cold air from the vent 304, thus forming a severe radial temperature gradient on the welding strip, with the inside hot and the outside cold. This thermal stress due to temperature difference is coupled with the resonant mechanical shear force mentioned above, accurately simulating the harsh combined working conditions of outdoor day and night temperature difference and mechanical vibration. It can efficiently induce and expose long-term reliability problems that cannot be detected by single stress, such as interlayer adhesion failure, delamination or plastic deformation caused by the combined effect of thermal fatigue and mechanical fatigue.

[0039] Working principle: Before mass production, the first photovoltaic welding ribbon 101 produced is placed on the positioning rod 201 at the top of the suspension 200. The stepper motor 206 can be turned to drive the gear 207 to rotate and mesh with the rack 205. Then, the suspension 200 is moved by the cross plate 202 to realize the rapid transport of the photovoltaic welding ribbon 101. Normal welding ribbon is transported in the product conveyor belt 102. The position sensor 203 is adapted to the positioner 204, which allows the positioner 204 and the position sensor 203 to position the photovoltaic welding strip 101 when the horizontal plate 202 moves. When the photovoltaic welding strip 101 is delivered to the inspection station, it stops moving and is accompanied by an alarm sound and light reminder, so that the inspection personnel can know in time and take out the first piece. Then the suspension 200 returns to the next test point, and repeats. When conveying the photovoltaic welding ribbon 101, the servo motor 307 is activated, driving the reciprocating screw 305 to rotate, which in turn drives the slider 306 to move up and down, continuously changing the height of the line scan camera 210, thereby achieving comprehensive scanning and detection of the photovoltaic welding ribbon 101. Simultaneously, when the reciprocating screw 305 rotates, it drives the drive wheel 308 to rotate as well, which in turn drives multiple driven wheels 309 to rotate via the synchronous belt 310, causing the positioning rod 201 to rotate and thus moving the photovoltaic welding ribbon. 101 performs circular motion, and when the line array camera 210 moves up and down, it will cause the one-way exhaust valve 301 to intermittently squeeze the two bellows air hoods 300 located at its top and bottom. When the bellows air hoods 300 are squeezed, the gas inside them will be transported to the exhaust nozzle 304 through the one-way exhaust valve 301 and the air pipe 303. Then the gas will be discharged through the exhaust nozzle 304 and blown onto the surface of the photovoltaic welding ribbon 101 to achieve cooling. The bellows air hoods 300 will be replenished with gas through the one-way intake valve 302. When the photovoltaic solder ribbon 101 is fitted onto the surface of the positioning rod 201, the inner wall of the photovoltaic solder ribbon 101 will abut against multiple claws 400, squeezing the push spring 403 and causing it to push the claws 400 back to their original position, thus strengthening the contact force between the photovoltaic solder ribbon 101 and the spring. Simultaneously, when the positioning rod 201 rotates, the counterweight ball 401 will be affected by centrifugal force, causing resonance, which is then transmitted within the photovoltaic solder ribbon 101. The alternating shear force generated by the resonant vibration can effectively overcome the weak electrostatic adsorption force between the solder ribbon layers or the slight adhesion force of the solder paste. If slight adhesion occurs between the layers of the solder ribbon due to improper temperature or tension during winding, it will not be noticeable during normal rotation, but vibration at a specific frequency will... If the photovoltaic ribbon suddenly becomes loose or undergoes abnormal displacement, it will be immediately captured by the line array camera 210. At the same time, when the line array camera 210 rotates, it will cause friction between the friction bushing 407 and the friction ring 406. The friction will generate heat, which will be transferred to the claw 400 through the copper rod 404 and the heat conduction plate 405, thereby heating the inner wall of the photovoltaic ribbon 101. This causes the outside of the photovoltaic ribbon 101 to be blown by cold air while the inside is heated. This temperature difference causes the material to expand and contract, and the resonant shear force continues. The two work together to effectively expose adhesion failure, delamination or plastic deformation caused by the combined effects of thermal fatigue and mechanical fatigue between the ribbon and the core, and between the ribbon layers.

[0040] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0041] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A first-piece inspection machine for an automated photovoltaic welding strip production workshop, comprising a support frame (100) and a product conveyor belt (102) mounted on the support frame (100) for conveying normal products, characterized in that, Also includes: The suspension (200) is slidably disposed on the top of the bracket (100) for carrying and conveying the photovoltaic welding strip (101). A moving mechanism, located above the suspension (200), is used to drive the suspension (200) to reciprocate along the extension direction of the product conveyor belt (102); The rotating mechanism includes a plurality of positioning rods (201) rotatably mounted on the suspension (200) for fixing and driving the photovoltaic welding strip (101) to rotate about its own axis; A linear array camera (210) is used to perform circumferential scanning of the photovoltaic ribbon (101); The cooling mechanism includes an exhaust nozzle (304) for blowing and cooling the surface of the photovoltaic ribbon (101). A resonance unit is disposed on the positioning rod (201) and is used to generate centrifugal resonance when the positioning rod (201) rotates and transmit the vibration to the photovoltaic welding strip (101). The heating unit includes a rotatable heat-generating friction collar (406) and a friction bushing (407) for generating frictional heat when the positioning rod (201) rotates and conducting it to the inner wall of the photovoltaic ribbon (101) to form thermal stress on the photovoltaic ribbon (101) in cooperation with the cooling mechanism.

2. The first-piece inspection machine for an automated photovoltaic welding strip production workshop according to claim 1, characterized in that: The moving mechanism includes a cross plate (202) fixedly connected to the suspension (200), a rack (205) fixedly connected inside the bracket (100), a stepper motor (206) fixedly connected to the top of the cross plate (202), a gear (207) meshing with the rack (205) fixedly connected to the output end of the stepper motor (206), a slide bar (209) fixedly connected inside the bracket (100), and a sliding shoe (208) slidably connected to the slide bar (209) fixedly connected to the bottom of the cross plate (202).

3. The first-piece inspection machine for an automated photovoltaic welding strip production workshop according to claim 2, characterized in that: A locator (204) is fixedly connected to the top of the horizontal plate (202), and a position sensor (203) adapted to the locator (204) is fixedly connected inside the bracket (100).

4. The first-piece inspection machine for an automated photovoltaic welding strip production workshop according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating mechanism also includes a servo motor (307) fixedly connected to the bottom of the suspension (200). The suspension (200) is rotatably connected to a driven wheel (309) connected to a positioning rod (201). The output end of the servo motor (307) is fixedly connected to a driving wheel (308). The driving wheel (308) and the driven wheel (309) are connected by a synchronous belt (310). The suspension (200) is rotatably connected to a belt pressure wheel (311) for tensioning the synchronous belt (310).

5. The first-piece inspection machine for an automated photovoltaic ribbon production workshop according to claim 4, characterized in that: The suspension (200) is internally rotatably connected to a reciprocating screw (305), and the outer surface of the reciprocating screw (305) is threadedly connected to a slider (306) that is slidably connected to the suspension (200). The line array camera (210) is fixedly connected to the slider (306).

6. The first-piece inspection machine for an automated photovoltaic welding strip production workshop according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cooling mechanism also includes a bellows hood (300) fixedly connected to one side of the suspension (200). The bellows hood (300) has a one-way air inlet valve (302) at its air inlet and a one-way air outlet valve (301) at its air outlet. The air outlet of the one-way air outlet valve (301) is connected to the air outlet nozzle (304) via an air pipe (303). The air outlet nozzle (304) is connected to one side of the line array camera (210).

7. The first-piece inspection machine for an automated photovoltaic welding strip production workshop according to claim 1, characterized in that: The resonance unit includes a claw (400) disposed on the outer surface of the positioning rod (201), and two counterweight balls (401) are slidably connected inside the claw (400). The two counterweight balls (401) are connected by a shaking spring (402).

8. The first-piece inspection machine for an automated photovoltaic ribbon production workshop according to claim 7, characterized in that: The outer surface of the positioning rod (201) is provided with a groove for sliding connection of the pawl (400), and a thrust spring (403) fixedly connected to the pawl (400) is fixedly connected in the groove.

9. The first-piece inspection machine for an automated photovoltaic ribbon production workshop according to claim 7, characterized in that: The heating unit also includes a copper rod (404) connected inside the positioning rod (201), the friction collar (406) is fixedly connected to the top of the suspension (200), the friction bushing (407) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the positioning rod (201), the copper rod (404) and the friction bushing (407) conduct heat, and one end of the copper rod (404) is connected to the claw (400) through a heat-conducting plate (405).

10. The first-piece inspection machine for an automated photovoltaic welding strip production workshop according to claim 1, characterized in that: A dust cover (103) is fixedly connected to the top of the bracket (100).

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