A fully automatic comprehensive protection check test device

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of automated testing, and more particularly to a fully automated integrated protection verification test device. The device comprises: a hardware integrated system and a software control system; the hardware integrated system includes: an integrated cabinet; an industrial control host housed within the integrated cabinet; a relay protection verification test module connected to the industrial control host, providing switch input and output interfaces; an AC power supply module connected to the industrial control host and the relay protection verification test module; a DC power supply module; and a human-machine interface module; the software control system runs on the industrial control host and includes: a communication management module; a setting management module; a verification control module; and a report generation module. This invention achieves full automation of the relay protection verification process, improving testing efficiency, accuracy, and traceability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of automated testing, and in particular to a fully automated integrated protection verification test device. Background Technology

[0002] In power systems, relay protection devices are key equipment for ensuring the safe and stable operation of the power grid, and their accuracy and reliability directly affect the safety of the entire system. To ensure that the performance of relay protection devices meets design requirements, regular calibration is an important maintenance task in substations, power plants, and other similar locations. Traditional calibration methods mainly rely on manual operation, involving manual wiring, inputting test signals item by item, observing the action response, and recording data. The entire process is cumbersome and time-consuming, usually requiring multiple technicians to work together. While some existing relay protection testers have certain automation functions, capable of outputting adjustable AC voltage and current and acquiring switching signals, most still require manual setting of the test procedure and judgment of results. They lack deep communication capabilities with the device under test, and cannot achieve automatic comparison of setpoints and closed-loop control throughout the entire process.

[0003] The aforementioned existing technologies have several drawbacks: First, the testing process relies heavily on manual intervention, resulting in low efficiency and susceptibility to incomplete testing or data errors due to operational mistakes. Second, the lack of an automatic verification mechanism for setting consistency makes it difficult to detect setting errors. Third, the absence of real-time status monitoring and safety protection during testing means that abnormal wiring or overloads may damage the equipment. Finally, manual report compilation is required after testing, leading to inconsistent formats and hindering data traceability and management. These problems severely impact the accuracy, security, and standardization of verification work, making it difficult to meet the needs of large-scale, high-frequency verification in modern smart substations. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a fully automatic integrated protection verification test device, which realizes full-process automation of relay protection verification and improves testing efficiency, accuracy and traceability.

[0005] This invention provides a fully automatic integrated protection verification test device, comprising: a hardware integrated system and a software control system; The hardware integration system includes: Integrated cabinet; The industrial control host, located within the integrated cabinet, is used to run the software control system and store data; The relay protection verification and testing module is connected to the industrial control host and provides a digital input interface and a digital output interface for signal interaction with the protection device under test, simulating faults and acquiring action signals. An AC power supply module is connected to the industrial control host and the relay protection verification and testing module, and is used to output high-precision, adjustable AC voltage and current signals according to software instructions; A DC power supply module is used to provide a stable DC power supply to the protection device under test and its internal components. The human-machine interface module is connected to the industrial control host and is used for parameter setting and process monitoring; The software control system runs on the industrial control host and includes: The communication management module is used to establish a two-way communication connection with the protection device under test to realize data reading and writing; The setting management module is used to import external setting files and automatically compare and verify them with the actual setting values ​​read from the protected device under test. The verification control module is used to automatically plan and control the execution of a complete test process, from sampling accuracy verification to verification of various protection functions, based on set values. The report generation module is used to automatically generate standardized verification reports that include verification data, results, and pass / fail criteria.

[0006] As a further technical solution, the hardware integration system also includes an intelligent security protection module, which includes: An overload protection unit, integrated inside the AC power supply module and the DC power supply module, is used to monitor the output voltage and current in real time and instantly cut off the output when the voltage and current exceed a preset safety threshold. The wiring status detection unit is coupled to the switch interface of the relay protection verification and testing module. It is used to automatically detect whether the external wiring circuit forms a valid closed path before the test starts, and to identify short circuit or open circuit abnormal states. The fault self-locking and alarm unit is used to lock the output state of the device when the overload protection unit or the wiring status detection unit triggers the protection action, and to issue an audible and visual alarm signal and a specific fault type prompt through the human-machine interaction module.

[0007] As a further technical solution, the AC power supply module includes a signal generation and processing unit, a current output unit, a voltage output unit, a frequency control unit, and a phase control unit; The signal generation and processing unit is used to generate waveform control signals according to the instructions of the software control system, and is connected to the current output unit, voltage output unit, frequency control unit and phase control unit respectively. The current output unit is used to output an adjustable AC current according to the waveform control signal; The voltage output unit is used to output an adjustable AC voltage according to the waveform control signal; The frequency control unit is used to adjust the frequency of the waveform control signal; The phase control unit is used to adjust the phase relationship between the multiple outputs in the waveform control signal.

[0008] As a further technical solution, the single-phase output range of the current output unit is 0~50A, and the three-phase parallel output range is 0~150A; The single-phase output range of the voltage output unit is 0~250V; The frequency control unit has an adjustment range of 0~1000Hz and an adjustment accuracy better than 0.001Hz; The phase control unit has an adjustment range of 0~360° and an adjustment accuracy better than 0.1°. The output accuracy of the current output unit is 0.2% ± 5mA, and the output accuracy of the voltage output unit is 0.2% ± 0.8V.

[0009] As a further technical solution, the switch input interface of the relay protection verification and testing module supports multiple signal access modes, including: Dry contact access mode, compatible with 1~20mA, 24V internal active output signals; The voltage reversal access mode is compatible with low-impedance short-circuit signals of passive contacts or 0~250VDC voltage signals of active contacts.

[0010] As a further technical solution, the setpoint management module includes: The intelligent setpoint mapping unit is used to parse the imported external setpoint file and perform functional mapping and parameter association with the internal setpoint model read from the protection device under test; The difference visualization unit is used to present the comparison results in the display interface by distinguishing them by color or by special markers.

[0011] As a further technical solution, the verification control module includes an adaptive test logic engine, which is used for: Analyze protection settings and automatically identify the types of protection functions that have been activated in the current protected device under test; Based on the identified protection function type, a customized verification task sequence is automatically selected and combined from the preset test process library. For protection functions that are not implemented, they are automatically skipped in the verification task sequence.

[0012] As a further technical solution, the report generation module includes: The traceable reporting unit is used to automatically embed and record the following information in the standardized verification report: the precise timestamp of the verification execution, the operator's identification, the unique code of the tested protection device, and the version number of the currently running software control system; The multi-format output unit is used to output the generated verification report as electronic files in WORD, RTF and XML formats simultaneously or separately, according to preset or user-selected templates, to meet different needs for archiving, auditing and data exchange.

[0013] As a further technical solution, the software control system also includes: The real-time visualization monitoring module is connected to the verification control module and is used to synchronously display the output waveform of the test signal and the feedback signal of the key action node of the protection device under test in the form of a timing diagram during the execution of the verification process, and to provide dynamic numerical display of key parameters.

[0014] This invention provides a verification method based on the aforementioned fully automatic integrated protection verification test device, comprising the following steps: Step S1: Establish a two-way communication connection with the relay protection device under test through the communication management module of the software control system, and read the actual protection settings, control words and sampling data of the relay protection device; Step S2: Import external standard setting files through the setting management module of the software control system, and automatically compare and verify the imported standard setting values ​​with the actual setting values ​​read from the relay protection device, marking the differences; Step S3: The software control system's verification control module automatically plans the verification type and parameters based on the verified set values, and executes the following automated verifications in sequence: By controlling the AC power supply module to output standard voltage and current signals to the relay protection device, and collecting its sampling data, the error between the sampled value and the standard signal is calculated to determine whether the sampling accuracy is qualified. The verification control module automatically determines the type of protection function to be activated based on the set value. By controlling the AC power supply module and the relay protection verification test module, it sequentially simulates at least one fault type among overload, overcurrent, distance, differential, and frequency protection. It also collects the action signal and action time of the relay protection device, compares the action characteristics with the set value, and determines whether each protection function is qualified. Step S4: The software control system's report generation module automatically integrates the equipment information, setpoint list, verification parameters, error data, and action results from steps S1 to S3 to generate and output a standardized verification report.

[0015] Compared with existing technologies, the fully automated integrated protection verification test device of this invention, by integrating an industrial control host, a power supply module, a multi-modal signal interaction module, and a fully automated software system, achieves bidirectional communication with the protection device under test, automatic comparison of setpoints, intelligent planning of the test process, accurate simulation of fault signals, and acquisition of action feedback. Simultaneously, by adopting an integrated hardware and software architecture, it avoids operational errors caused by manual intervention, solving the problems of low efficiency and error-proneness in traditional verification methods. Through automatic comparison of setpoints and adaptive test logic, it only executes tests of functions already in use, improving the targeting and efficiency of testing. Real-time security protection and visual monitoring enhance the safety and controllability of the testing process. Finally, by automatically generating multi-format, traceable standardized reports, it achieves standardized management of verification results and meets long-term auditing requirements, significantly improving the automation, intelligence, and standardization level of relay protection verification. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This diagram shows a fully automated integrated protection verification test device. In the diagram, 1-integrated cabinet; 2-industrial control host; 3-relay protection verification and testing module; 4-AC power supply module; 5-DC power supply module; 6-human-machine interaction module; 7-relay protection device; 8-switch; 9-power socket. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To further understand the present invention, embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with examples. However, it should be understood that these descriptions are only for further illustrating the features and advantages of the present invention, and not for limiting the present invention.

[0018] An embodiment of the present invention discloses a fully automatic integrated protection verification test device, comprising: a hardware integration system and a software control system; The hardware integration system includes: Integrated cabinet 1; The industrial control host 2 is installed in the integrated cabinet 1 and is used to run the software control system and store data; The relay protection verification and testing module 3 is connected to the industrial control host 2 and provides a switch input interface and a switch output interface for signal interaction with the relay protection device 7 under test, simulating faults and collecting action signals. The AC power supply module 4 is connected to the industrial control host 2 and the relay protection verification and testing module 3, and is used to output high-precision, adjustable AC voltage and current signals according to the instructions of the software control system. DC power supply module 5 is used to provide a stable DC power supply to the relay protection device 7 under test and its internal components; The human-machine interaction module 6 is connected to the industrial control host 2 and is used for parameter setting and process monitoring. The software control system runs on the industrial control host 2 and includes: The communication management module is used to establish a two-way communication connection with the relay protection device 7 under test to realize data reading and writing; The setting management module is used to import external setting files and automatically compare and verify them with the actual setting values ​​read from the relay protection device 7 under test. The verification control module is used to automatically plan and control the execution of a complete test process, from sampling accuracy verification to verification of various protection functions, based on set values. The report generation module is used to automatically generate standardized verification reports that include verification data, results, and pass / fail criteria.

[0019] The hardware integration system provides physical support and signal interaction capabilities for the entire verification process, while the software control system is responsible for task scheduling, data processing, and intelligent decision-making. The two work together to form an integrated hardware and software testing platform.

[0020] Specifically: The integrated cabinet 1, serving as the overall structural carrier, is made of metal and possesses excellent electromagnetic shielding performance and mechanical strength. It houses all core components and enables a modular layout. The industrial control host 2, installed inside the integrated cabinet 1, utilizes industrial-grade computer equipment, characterized by strong anti-interference capabilities and stable operation. It is equipped with automatic verification and control software, acting as the system control center, responsible for coordinating the operation of various modules, processing communication data, executing test logic, and storing historical records. This industrial control host 2 can establish a connection with the relay protection device under test 7 via Ethernet, RS485, or IEC 61850 protocol, supporting multiple communication protocols such as Modbus and IEC 60870-5-103 to ensure compatibility with equipment from different manufacturers.

[0021] The relay protection verification and testing module 3 is a key component for realizing the interaction between digital and switch signals. It is equipped with multiple switch input and output interfaces to send trip commands, start signals, and other control instructions to the relay protection device under test 7, while simultaneously receiving feedback information such as action output signals and alarm signals from the device. This module can identify millisecond-level action pulses and features electrical isolation design to prevent high-voltage backflow from affecting system safety. For example, in differential protection testing, this module can trigger fault signals inside and outside the simulation zone through the output interface and capture in real time whether the relay protection device under test 7 correctly issues a trip signal, thereby verifying its logical correctness.

[0022] The AC power supply module 4 generates precise and controllable AC voltage and current signals to simulate electrical inputs under normal grid operation and various fault conditions. This module receives control commands from the industrial control host 2 and dynamically adjusts the output amplitude, frequency, and phase to meet the testing requirements of various protection functions such as overcurrent, distance, and low-frequency load shedding. Its output signal has high stability and low distortion, accurately reproducing the on-site electrical environment. For example, during sampling accuracy verification, this module can output a standard 220V / 50Hz voltage signal for sampling by the relay protection device 7 under test. The relay verification control module 3 then analyzes the deviation between the sampled value and the theoretical value.

[0023] The DC power supply module 5 operates independently of the AC system, providing a stable DC output of +24V, +110V, or +220V to power the relay protection device under test 7 itself, as well as the internal electronic components such as relays and optocouplers. This module features voltage regulation, filtering, and short-circuit protection functions, ensuring that the device under test remains in normal working order throughout the testing period.

[0024] The human-machine interface module 6 typically consists of a touchscreen display and an operation panel, located on the front of the integrated cabinet 1. It facilitates user operations such as parameter configuration, mode selection, and starting or stopping tests. The touchscreen display shows the current test progress, real-time signal waveforms, alarm information, and other content, enhancing the intuitiveness and convenience of operation. Users can import external setting templates, view setting comparison results, monitor the test process execution status, and directly access or export the verification report after the test is completed.

[0025] At the software level, the communication management module serves as the foundation for data interaction, supporting multiple communication interfaces and protocol parsing functions. It can automatically identify the model of the relay protection device under test and match the corresponding communication parameters, enabling rapid networking and data reading and writing. The setting management module supports importing external setting files in SCD, CID, Excel, or text formats, and performs field-level comparisons with the actual setting values ​​read from the relay protection device under test. This identifies differences in setting values, control words, soft pressure plate status, etc., avoiding the risk of malfunction or failure to operate due to setting errors.

[0026] The verification control module is the core of achieving "fully automatic" operation. Its built-in test logic engine can automatically determine the sequence of test items to be executed based on the type and settings of the device under test. For example, if a line protection device is detected to have "three-stage overcurrent protection" and "reclosing function" activated, the module will sequentially perform the overcurrent stage I action time test, stage II setting verification, stage III load-bearing interlocking verification, and reclosing time interval test, without manual intervention. Furthermore, this module can adjust the test step size, delay time, and fault duration according to preset strategies to adapt to different test scenario requirements.

[0027] The report generation module automatically integrates all process data after the test and generates a structured, standardized verification report. The report covers basic equipment information, communication status, setpoint comparison results, input conditions for each test item, measured data, error analysis, and pass / fail conclusions. It supports electronic signatures and anti-tampering mechanisms, meeting the power industry's requirements for traceability of test records.

[0028] The aforementioned components achieve efficient communication and coordinated control through an internal bus or network protocol. For example, when the user initiates one-click verification in the human-machine interaction module 6, the communication management module first establishes a connection and obtains the device settings. The settings management module then completes the comparison, and the verification control module generates a test plan accordingly. Subsequently, it directs the AC power supply module 4 and the relay protection verification test module 3 to collaboratively output excitation signals and collect responses. Finally, the report generation module summarizes and outputs the results. The entire process eliminates the need for manual intervention in key judgment stages, significantly improving testing efficiency and consistency.

[0029] In summary, this invention, through the cooperation of the relay protection verification and testing module 3 and the AC power supply module 4, can accurately simulate various fault conditions and collect key action signals. By utilizing the setting management and verification control functions in the software control system, it avoids the risk of misjudgment caused by traditional manual verification and significantly shortens the testing cycle. The report generation module further enhances the standardization and audit compliance of the test results. Overall, this device effectively solves the problems of manual labor, low efficiency, and error-proneness in the verification process of existing technologies, and is suitable for applications such as substations, power plants, and railway traction substations that require high-frequency, large-scale relay protection verification.

[0030] In addition, a switch 8 and a power socket 9 are provided on the side of the integrated cabinet 1. The switch 8, as the main power control element of the device, is connected in series to the power supply circuit of the integrated cabinet 1 and is used to manually connect or disconnect the AC power supply of the entire verification device. The power socket 9 is installed on the side or rear panel of the integrated cabinet 1, providing a standard AC power access point for the industrial control host 2, various functional modules and external auxiliary equipment, and distributing it to each power consumption unit through the internal power distribution unit to ensure the stable operation of the entire system. A relay protection device 7 is installed on the top of the integrated cabinet 1. It is the test object of this verification device. It is connected to the output terminal of the AC power supply module 4 through a voltage / current cable to receive voltage and current signals simulating faults; it is connected to the input / output interface of the relay protection verification test module 3 through a switch wire to realize the acquisition of action signals and the reception of control commands; at the same time, it is provided with working power by the DC power supply module 5, and finally establishes bidirectional data interaction with the communication management module of the industrial control host 2 through a communication link to read set values, control words and feedback sampling / action data. Meanwhile, the integrated cabinet 1 is equipped with sturdy handles for easy gripping on its sides or front, and its bottom is fitted with steerable wheels, which together constitute the device's mobility system. This design gives the entire calibration device excellent mobility, allowing operators to easily move it between laboratories or different substation sites, thus adapting to the batch calibration needs of large-scale, multi-location protection, and greatly improving the equipment's deployment flexibility and on-site work efficiency.

[0031] For example, the hardware integration system further includes an intelligent security protection module, which includes: An overload protection unit is integrated inside the AC power supply module 4 and the DC power supply module 5. It is used to monitor the output voltage and current in real time and cut off the output instantly when the preset safety threshold is exceeded. The wiring status detection unit is coupled to the switch interface of the relay protection verification and testing module 3. It is used to automatically detect whether the external wiring circuit forms a valid closed path before the test starts, and to identify short circuit or open circuit abnormal states. The fault self-locking and alarm unit is used to lock the output state of the device when the overload protection unit or the wiring status detection unit triggers the protection action, and to issue an audible and visual alarm signal and a specific fault type prompt through the human-machine interaction module 6.

[0032] The overload protection unit, acting as a built-in safety barrier in the power supply system, functions to monitor the output terminals of AC power supply module 4 and DC power supply module 5 in real time. This unit continuously collects output voltage and current signals through a high-precision sampling circuit and compares their real-time values ​​with preset safety thresholds. Once any parameter is detected to exceed the set range, such as a sudden increase in current or an abnormal rise in voltage, a rapid circuit-breaking mechanism is immediately triggered, cutting off the output channel within milliseconds to prevent continuous energy injection that could cause overheating or insulation breakdown. Because this protection unit is integrated within both AC power supply module 4 and DC power supply module 5, each module has its own independent overload protection unit, avoiding the drawbacks of external fuses such as long response delays and frequent replacements, thus achieving closed-loop dynamic protection.

[0033] The wiring status detection unit focuses on the physical connection verification stage before testing. It establishes electrical coupling with the switch input interface of the relay protection verification and testing module 3, applying a low-level probe signal, such as 5V / 1mA, to the external wiring circuit to detect the existence of a valid conductive path. This unit can identify three typical states: normal closed circuit, open circuit, and short circuit. By completing the wiring integrity judgment before the formal test begins, the risk of misjudgment caused by loose wiring, incorrect connections, or multiple grounding points can be effectively avoided.

[0034] The fault self-locking and alarm unit assumes the responsibility of system-level safety response. When any condition of the overload protection unit or the wiring status detection unit is triggered, this unit immediately performs an output lockout operation, forcing all power outputs and signal generation modules into a safe shutdown state to prevent the fault from escalating. Simultaneously, through the audible and visual alarm devices in the human-machine interface module 6, such as a buzzer and LED indicator array, a warning is issued, and a specific fault type prompt appears on the display screen, such as "AC output overcurrent" or "switch input open circuit," helping operators quickly locate the source of the problem. This alarm information can include a timestamp and a snapshot of contextual parameters for easy subsequent traceability and analysis.

[0035] Preferably, the AC power supply module 4 includes a signal generation and processing unit, a current output unit, a voltage output unit, a frequency control unit, and a phase control unit; The signal generation and processing unit is used to generate waveform control signals according to the instructions of the software control system, and is respectively connected to the current output unit, voltage output unit, frequency control unit and phase control unit; the current output unit is used to output adjustable AC current according to the waveform control signals; The voltage output unit is used to output an adjustable AC voltage according to the waveform control signal; The frequency control unit is used to adjust the frequency of the waveform control signal; The phase control unit is used to adjust the phase relationship between the multiple outputs in the waveform control signal.

[0036] The AC power supply module 4, through functional decoupling design, breaks down the overall power supply task into multiple collaborative sub-units, thereby achieving refined control of the AC output signal. The signal generation and processing unit, as the core control hub of the entire module, receives test commands from the control module for verification, analyzes the required electrical parameters for output, such as RMS voltage, peak current, frequency, and initial phase angle, and generates a high-resolution waveform control signal based on digital signal processing technology. This waveform control signal is a digitized standard sine wave template containing complete amplitude, frequency, and phase information, and is distributed to each execution unit through a high-speed communication interface, ensuring that all output channels maintain strict synchronization on the time base. This unit can be implemented using an FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array) or a high-performance DSP (Digital Signal Processor), possessing advantages such as strong real-time performance and fast response speed.

[0037] The current output unit drives the power amplifier circuit to convert the digital signal into an actual AC current output based on the received waveform control signal. Internally, it includes a D / A converter, preamplifier, power amplifier, and filter network, capable of amplifying low-power control signals step-by-step to a high-current output that meets testing requirements. This unit supports independent single-phase output and can also expand its output capacity through three-phase parallel connection, suitable for the excitation needs of devices under test with different capacities. In practical implementation, different specifications of power modules can be used to adapt to applications with higher current levels, such as increasing the maximum single-phase output from 50A to 60A, or employing a water-cooling structure to improve the stability of long-term high-current output.

[0038] The voltage output unit is structurally similar to the current output unit, but its impedance matching and load adaptability are optimized for voltage output characteristics. Its output terminal features overvoltage suppression and transient response compensation, maintaining voltage stability during sudden load increases / decreases and preventing waveform distortion caused by load changes. This unit also operates based on waveform control signals, ensuring phase and frequency coordination with the current output to accurately simulate the voltage-current phasor relationship in the power grid.

[0039] The frequency control unit is responsible for adjusting the overall frequency parameters of the waveform control signal, allowing the output signal to be continuously adjustable over a wide range. This unit achieves precise frequency setting from near-zero frequency to high frequencies (such as 1000Hz) by changing the sampling period of the digital waveform generator or using Direct Digital Synthesis (DDS) technology. This function is particularly suitable for testing functions such as frequency protection and slip-locking, allowing the simulation of abnormal frequency rises or falls in the system to verify the accuracy of the operating criteria of the relay protection device 7 under test.

[0040] The phase control unit focuses on adjusting the relative phase relationship between multiple output signals. By applying independent phase offsets to the waveform control signals of each channel, it achieves the setting of the phase difference between any two or more signals. For example, when simulating a short-circuit fault between phases A and B, a 120° phase difference can be set between the voltages of phase A and phase B; when testing directional overcurrent protection, the phase angle of the current relative to the reference voltage can be precisely controlled to verify the sensitivity angle characteristics of the directional element. The adjustment accuracy of this unit can reach within 0.1°, significantly improving the reliability of directional criterion-based protection tests.

[0041] In addition, the single-phase output range of the current output unit is 0~50A, and the three-phase parallel output range is 0~150A; The single-phase output range of the voltage output unit is 0~250V; The frequency control unit has an adjustment range of 0~1000Hz and an adjustment accuracy better than 0.001Hz; The phase control unit has an adjustment range of 0~360° and an adjustment accuracy better than 0.1°. The output accuracy of the current output unit is 0.2% ± 5mA, and the output accuracy of the voltage output unit is 0.2% ± 0.8V.

[0042] As a technical solution, the digital input interface of the relay protection verification and testing module 3 supports multiple signal access modes, including: Dry contact access mode, compatible with 1~20mA, 24V internal active output signals; The voltage reversal access mode is compatible with low-impedance short-circuit signals of passive contacts or 0~250VDC voltage signals of active contacts.

[0043] The open contact access mode means that the input channel can recognize external dry contacts, that is, passive contacts, in the closed or open state, and complete the loop conduction detection through the built-in excitation power supply. Specifically, in this mode, the input interface internally integrates a 24V DC active output circuit, and the output current range is controlled between 1 and 20 mA, which can not only reliably drive the open contacts of most relays or protection devices to act, but also prevent contact erosion or interference with sensitive electronic components due to excessive current.

[0044] The potential flip access mode is used to be compatible with more complex level input signals, especially suitable for the potential change type of input methods commonly found in modern microcomputer protection devices. This mode supports two subtypes: one is to receive the low-resistance short-circuit signal of the passive contact, that is, when the external contact is closed, an approximate zero-resistance path is formed, and the system judges it as an effective action accordingly; the other is to directly access the DC voltage signal output by the active contact, and the voltage range covers 0 to 250 VDC, which can recognize the high / low level state changes under different voltage levels.

[0045] As a technical solution, the setting management module includes: The intelligent setting mapping unit is used to parse the imported external setting file and perform function mapping and parameter association with the internal setting model read from the protected device under test; The difference visualization unit is used to present the comparison results in the display interface in a way of color differentiation or special marking.

[0046] The intelligent setting mapping unit is used to perform semantic parsing and structured processing on the received external setting file. This unit supports the input of setting file formats under multiple industrial communication protocols, such as SSD / SCD / SCL files in the IEC 61850 standard, register configuration tables defined by the Modbus protocol, and general text formats such as CSV or Excel tables. Through the syntax analysis and field extraction of these heterogeneous files, the intelligent setting mapping unit can automatically identify the function categories and numerical parameters of each protection function item, such as the setting value of the first-stage overcurrent, reclosing time, differential threshold current, etc., and convert them into a unified internal data model. Subsequently, it calls the communication management module to read the actual setting set currently stored in the protected device under test in real time and constructs the corresponding device-side setting model. On this basis, the intelligent setting mapping unit performs a cross-source mapping operation and achieves function-level alignment according to the preset rule library - for example, regarding "Phase Overcurrent Stage 1" and the Chinese-named "Phase Overcurrent Stage 1" as the same protection logic, or normalizing and associating register variables with different address offsets but the same physical meaning. This process can be realized through various algorithms such as keyword matching, function code comparison table, or machine learning-driven similarity calculation, ensuring high-accuracy parameter pairing without user intervention.

[0047] The difference visualization unit is responsible for presenting the mapped value comparison results in an intuitive way on the display interface of the human-computer interaction module 6. When there is a deviation between a certain value in the external standard file and the measured value of the device, the system automatically triggers the marking logic and uses visual enhancement to highlight the abnormal item. Specifically, all the value items listed on the interface can be marked with different colors according to their consistency status: consistent items are displayed in green, differing items are marked in red, and items without a corresponding item or missing data are marked in yellow warning color; at the same time, symbols can also be used to mark the data, such as checkmarks to indicate matching, crosses to indicate discrepancies, and question marks to indicate that the data cannot be recognized. In addition, the system also provides a click-to-expand details function, allowing operators to view specific numerical comparisons, unit information, and source paths by scrolling down, which facilitates quick location of the root cause of the problem.

[0048] As a technical solution, the verification control module includes an adaptive test logic engine, which is used for: Analyze protection settings and automatically identify the types of protection functions that have been activated in the current protected device under test; Based on the identified protection function type, a customized verification task sequence is automatically selected and combined from the preset test process library. For protection functions that are not implemented, they are automatically skipped in the verification task sequence.

[0049] The adaptive test logic engine takes protection setting data as input and performs semantic parsing on the function enable bits in the setting, such as control words, soft pressure plate status, and function enable / disable flags, to determine which protection functions in the current protection device under test are in operation.

[0050] The pre-built test process library stores standard test case templates for different types of protection functions, including independently callable functional modules such as sampling accuracy verification, overcurrent protection action characteristic testing, distance protection impedance characteristic scanning, and differential protection braking characteristic verification. Each test case includes test condition settings, signal output parameters, expected response logic, and pass / fail judgment rules. After the engine completes the identification of the protection functions that have been put into operation, it retrieves the corresponding functional test modules from the process library and combines them in series according to preset priority or logical order to form a complete customized verification task sequence.

[0051] As a technical solution, the report generation module includes: The traceable reporting unit is used to automatically embed and record the following information in the standardized verification report: the precise timestamp of the verification execution, the operator's identification, the unique code of the tested protection device, and the version number of the currently running software control system; The multi-format output unit is used to output the generated verification report as electronic files in WORD, RTF and XML formats simultaneously or separately, according to preset or user-selected templates, to meet different needs for archiving, auditing and data exchange.

[0052] The traceable reporting unit can obtain and embed precise timestamps of verification execution in real time from the software control system (all software systems are in industrial control computer 2), accurate to the millisecond level, to ensure the time traceability of each test action; at the same time, it automatically collects the identity identifier of the operator currently logged into the system, such as username or employee number, to achieve clear attribution of responsibility; in addition, the unit will also read the unique code of the tested protection device, such as serial number or asset number, to establish a unique correspondence between the report and the specific physical device; at the same time, it automatically records the version number of the currently running software control system, including detailed information such as major version, minor version and build number, to facilitate subsequent software status backtracking and consistency verification.

[0053] The multi-format output unit is responsible for converting and exporting the generated report content in different electronic formats. It supports at least three mainstream file formats: WORD, RTF, and XML, and can determine the output method based on preset strategies or real-time user selection. The WORD format is suitable for manual reading, printing and archiving, and leadership review, preserving complete layout styles and text-image integration effects. The RTF format has good cross-platform compatibility, maintaining consistent display across different operating systems and word processing software, making it suitable for long-term static archiving. The XML format focuses on structured data expression, using tag-based syntax to describe various contents in the report, such as setpoint lists, error data, and action sequences, facilitating automated data import and integrated analysis with other power management systems.

[0054] As a technical solution, the software control system further includes: The real-time visualization monitoring module is connected to the verification control module and is used to synchronously display the output waveform of the test signal and the feedback signal of the key action node of the protection device under test in the form of a timing diagram during the execution of the verification process, and to provide dynamic numerical display of key parameters.

[0055] The real-time visualization monitoring module is a software functional unit deployed on the industrial control host 2. Its core components include a data acquisition engine, a waveform rendering component, and a parameter update service. This module establishes a real-time data subscription relationship with the verification control module through an internal communication interface, continuously receiving output commands and feedback sampling results from each stage of the test task. The data acquisition engine is responsible for parsing the raw signal frames, extracting time-series data of analog output waveforms such as voltage and current, and the occurrence times of discrete events such as trip outputs, alarm outputs, and reset signals recorded by the switch input ports. The waveform rendering component transforms this data into a timing diagram that can be displayed on the human-machine interface module 6 screen. The horizontal axis represents time, and the vertical axis corresponds to the electrical quantity amplitude or signal state, forming a multi-channel superimposed dynamic waveform trajectory. For example, when performing an overcurrent protection test, the system can simultaneously plot the process curve of the A-phase current gradually rising from the normal value to the fault level, and mark the precise time point when the device under test issues a "trip" signal on the same graph, thus intuitively reflecting the action delay characteristics. The parameter update service runs a separate refresh thread that periodically reads key indicators in the current test step, such as real-time current RMS value, voltage peak value, frequency deviation, action timer reading, etc., and displays them on the user interface in the form of a digital dashboard or floating labels.

[0056] The circuit connection relationship in this invention is as follows: the industrial control host 2 establishes a control and data communication link with the relay protection verification and testing module 3, the AC power supply module 4, and the human-machine interaction module 6 through an internal bus, such as PCIe or Ethernet; the voltage / current output terminal of the AC power supply module 4 is directly connected to the voltage and current input terminals of the protection device under test through a multi-core test cable after passing through a high-precision power amplifier circuit and an isolation transformer; the switch input / output interface of the relay protection verification and testing module 3 is connected to the trip output, signal contacts, and controlled output circuit of the protection device under test through an opto-isolation circuit and a relay array, forming a closed-loop signal acquisition and control path; the DC power supply module 5 independently outputs stable DC, one path to power the protection device under test, and the other path to provide working power for the internal relays and interface circuits of the device; the power supply of all modules is uniformly distributed by the power distribution unit in the integrated cabinet 1 and connected to the monitoring network of the intelligent safety protection module to realize rapid linkage of overload protection and fault self-locking.

[0057] An embodiment of the present invention also discloses a fully automated integrated protection verification test method, comprising the following steps: Step S1: Establish a two-way communication connection with the relay protection device 7 under test through the communication management module of the software control system, and read the actual protection setting value, control word and sampling data of the relay protection device 7; The communication management module is a functional unit running in the industrial control host 2, used to realize standardized communication protocol interaction with the relay protection device under test 7. This module supports multiple mainstream communication protocols, such as IEC 60870-5-103, IEC 61850 MMS, Modbus TCP, etc., and can automatically identify the communication parameters of the device under test, such as IP address, ASDU type, access point name, etc., and establish a stable data link. Bidirectional communication connection means that not only can information be read from the device under test, but test commands can also be written to it or configuration parameters can be temporarily changed to cooperate with the verification process. Actual protection settings include setting parameters such as current, voltage, and time delay; control words are used to indicate whether each protection function is in operation; sampled data consists of the real-time collected voltage and current RMS values ​​and their phase information, used for subsequent error analysis.

[0058] Step S2: Import external standard setting files through the setting management module of the software control system, and automatically compare and verify the imported standard setting values ​​with the actual setting values ​​read from the relay protection device 7, marking the differences; The setpoint management module is a core functional component integrated into the software control system. It possesses the ability to parse setpoint files in various formats, such as XML, CID, SCD, and TXT, making it particularly suitable for importing configuration files from IED devices in intelligent substation environments. This module incorporates an intelligent setpoint mapping unit that automatically matches internal parameter templates based on the model and version of the device under test, completing field-level mapping and achieving accurate alignment even if setpoint naming differs between different manufacturers. The comparison process employs an item-by-item scanning algorithm, performing numerical comparisons on each setpoint parameter. When the deviation exceeds a preset tolerance threshold, inconsistency is identified and highlighted on the human-machine interface using color coding and symbol markings through the difference visualization unit.

[0059] Step S3: The software control system's verification control module automatically plans the verification type and parameters based on the verified set values, and executes the following automated verifications in sequence: By controlling the AC power supply module 4 to output standard voltage and current signals to the relay protection device under test 7, and collecting its sampling data, the error between the sampled value and the standard signal is calculated to determine whether the sampling accuracy is qualified. The verification control module automatically determines the type of protection function to be activated based on the set value. By controlling the AC power supply module 4 and the relay protection verification test module 3, it simulates at least one fault type among overload, overcurrent, distance, differential, and frequency protection in sequence, and collects the action signal and action time of the relay protection device 7 under test. The action characteristics are compared with the set value to determine whether each protection function is qualified. The verification control module, acting as the brain of the entire system, integrates an adaptive test logic engine capable of dynamically generating the optimal test path based on the current setpoint configuration. First, in the sampling accuracy verification phase, this module sends a command to the AC power supply module 4, outputting a set of steady-state sinusoidal signals with known amplitude and phase. Simultaneously, it receives local sampled values ​​from the device under test via the switch input interface of the relay protection verification test module 3. It calculates the relative error using the least squares method or FFT algorithm. If the error is less than a set limit (e.g., ±0.5%), the sampling circuit is deemed normal. Next, in the protection function verification phase, the module identifies the set of functions to be tested based on flags such as "overcurrent protection enabled = TRUE" in the settings and calls the corresponding subroutines from the preset test process library. For example, for overcurrent protection, the output current is gradually increased until a trip is triggered, the action time is recorded, and compared with the inverse time curve; for distance protection, short-circuit faults under different impedance trajectories are simulated to verify the action boundary; for differential protection, the current on both sides is output synchronously through multiple channels to verify the correctness of the differential current criterion.

[0060] S4. Through the report generation module of the software control system, automatically integrate the equipment information, setpoint list, verification parameters, error data and action results from steps S1 to S3, generate a standardized verification report and output it.

[0061] The report generation module is responsible for aggregating scattered test data into a structured document. It includes a traceable report unit that can embed key metadata into the final report, such as the start and end timestamps of verification, operator login accounts or IC card numbers, the serial number or MAC address of the device under test, and the version number of the currently running software control system. This meets the power industry's requirements for auditable and traceable work processes. The report content includes a cover page, a basic equipment information table, a setting comparison result table, a sampling error summary chart, test records of various protection actions, and an overall conclusion column, supporting user-defined template selection.

[0062] Because this method employs a hardware-software co-architecture, test tasks can be flexibly adjusted according to actual set values, avoiding the execution of invalid test items. Furthermore, the introduction of a high-precision signal source and intelligent criterion algorithm ensures high accuracy of test results. In addition, the automatic recording of data throughout the process and multi-format output mechanism solve the problem of inconsistent management and long-term storage of results in traditional verification work. Therefore, this method is particularly suitable for industrial scenarios such as power plants, substations, and rail transit traction substations that require periodic verification of a large number of relay protection devices, effectively improving the intelligence level and overall efficiency of operation and maintenance work.

[0063] The above description of the embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

[0064] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A fully automatic integrated protection verification and testing device, characterized in that, include: Hardware integration system and software control system; The hardware integration system includes: Integrated cabinet; The industrial control host, located within the integrated cabinet, is used to run the software control system and store data; The relay protection verification and testing module is connected to the industrial control host and provides a digital input interface and a digital output interface for signal interaction with the protection device under test, simulating faults and acquiring action signals. An AC power supply module is connected to the industrial control host and the relay protection verification and testing module, and is used to output high-precision, adjustable AC voltage and current signals according to software instructions; A DC power supply module is used to provide a stable DC power supply to the protection device under test and its internal components. The human-machine interface module is connected to the industrial control host and is used for parameter setting and process monitoring; The software control system runs on the industrial control host and includes: The communication management module is used to establish a two-way communication connection with the protection device under test to realize data reading and writing; The setting management module is used to import external setting files and automatically compare and verify them with the actual setting values ​​read from the protected device under test. The verification control module is used to automatically plan and control the execution of a complete test process, from sampling accuracy verification to verification of various protection functions, based on set values. The report generation module is used to automatically generate standardized verification reports that include verification data, results, and pass / fail criteria.

2. The fully automatic integrated protection verification and testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hardware integration system also includes an intelligent security protection module, which includes: An overload protection unit, integrated inside the AC power supply module and the DC power supply module, is used to monitor the output voltage and current in real time and instantly cut off the output when the voltage and current exceed a preset safety threshold. The wiring status detection unit is coupled to the switch interface of the relay protection verification and testing module. It is used to automatically detect whether the external wiring circuit forms a valid closed path before the test starts, and to identify short circuit or open circuit abnormal states. The fault self-locking and alarm unit is used to lock the output state of the device when the overload protection unit or the wiring status detection unit triggers the protection action, and to issue an audible and visual alarm signal and a specific fault type prompt through the human-machine interaction module.

3. The fully automatic integrated protection verification and testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The AC power supply module includes a signal generation and processing unit, a current output unit, a voltage output unit, a frequency control unit, and a phase control unit. The signal generation and processing unit is used to generate waveform control signals according to the instructions of the software control system, and is connected to the current output unit, voltage output unit, frequency control unit and phase control unit respectively. The current output unit is used to output an adjustable AC current according to the waveform control signal; The voltage output unit is used to output an adjustable AC voltage according to the waveform control signal; The frequency control unit is used to adjust the frequency of the waveform control signal; The phase control unit is used to adjust the phase relationship between the multiple outputs in the waveform control signal.

4. The fully automatic integrated protection verification and testing device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The single-phase output range of the current output unit is 0~50A, and the three-phase parallel output range is 0~150A; The single-phase output range of the voltage output unit is 0~250V; The frequency control unit has an adjustment range of 0~1000Hz and an adjustment accuracy better than 0.001Hz; The phase control unit has an adjustment range of 0~360° and an adjustment accuracy better than 0.1°. The output accuracy of the current output unit is 0.2% ± 5mA, and the output accuracy of the voltage output unit is 0.2% ± 0.8V.

5. The fully automatic integrated protection verification and testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The relay protection verification and testing module's digital input interface supports multiple signal access modes, including: Dry contact access mode, compatible with 1~20mA, 24V internal active output signals; The voltage reversal access mode is compatible with low-impedance short-circuit signals of passive contacts or 0~250VDC voltage signals of active contacts.

6. The fully automatic integrated protection verification and testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The setpoint management module includes: The intelligent setpoint mapping unit is used to parse the imported external setpoint file and perform functional mapping and parameter association with the internal setpoint model read from the protection device under test; The difference visualization unit is used to present the comparison results in the display interface by distinguishing them by color or by special markers.

7. The fully automatic integrated protection verification and testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The verification control module includes an adaptive test logic engine, which is used for: Analyze protection settings and automatically identify the types of protection functions that have been activated in the current protected device under test; Based on the identified protection function type, a customized verification task sequence is automatically selected and combined from the preset test process library. For protection functions that are not implemented, they are automatically skipped in the verification task sequence.

8. The fully automatic integrated protection verification and testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The report generation module includes: The traceable reporting unit is used to automatically embed and record the following information in the standardized verification report: the precise timestamp of the verification execution, the operator's identification, the unique code of the tested protection device, and the version number of the currently running software control system; The multi-format output unit is used to output the generated verification report as electronic files in WORD, RTF and XML formats simultaneously or separately, according to preset or user-selected templates, to meet different needs for archiving, auditing and data exchange.

9. The fully automatic integrated protection verification and testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The software control system also includes: The real-time visualization monitoring module is connected to the verification control module and is used to synchronously display the output waveform of the test signal and the feedback signal of the key action node of the protection device under test in the form of a timing diagram during the execution of the verification process, and to provide dynamic numerical display of key parameters.

10. A verification method based on the fully automatic integrated protection verification test device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S1: Establish a two-way communication connection with the relay protection device under test through the communication management module of the software control system, and read the actual protection settings, control words and sampling data of the relay protection device; Step S2: Import external standard setting files through the setting management module of the software control system, and automatically compare and verify the imported standard setting values ​​with the actual setting values ​​read from the relay protection device, marking the differences; Step S3: The software control system's verification control module automatically plans the verification type and parameters based on the verified set values, and executes the following automated verifications in sequence: By controlling the AC power supply module to output standard voltage and current signals to the relay protection device, and collecting its sampling data, the error between the sampled value and the standard signal is calculated to determine whether the sampling accuracy is qualified. The verification control module automatically determines the type of protection function to be activated based on the set value. By controlling the AC power supply module and the relay protection verification test module, it sequentially simulates at least one fault type among overload, overcurrent, distance, differential, and frequency protection. It also collects the action signal and action time of the relay protection device, compares the action characteristics with the set value, and determines whether each protection function is qualified. Step S4: The software control system's report generation module automatically integrates the equipment information, setpoint list, verification parameters, error data, and action results from steps S1 to S3 to generate and output a standardized verification report.

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