A quick heating and long-acting energy storage electric pole anti-freezing and deicing device and temperature control method

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of fast heating and long-acting energy storage's electric pole anti-freezing and deicing device and temperature control method, belong to electric power equipment operation and maintenance technical field, to solve the hidden danger of operation safety caused by electric pole icing in winter.The device includes control box, solar cell panel, hoop, battery and arc heating sheet, and the arc heating sheet is fixed to electric pole.Control method is through collecting electric pole temperature, weather, energy storage and power generation data, calling icing growth heat balance model to calculate theoretical heat load, generating dynamic heating strategy, using PWM to adjust driving heating sheet to heat quickly, switch fast deicing and insulation mode as needed, and through running data iteration optimization model.The application considers fast deicing and long-acting energy storage, improves operation safety and power supply reliability, reduces energy consumption and operation and maintenance cost, adapts to the actual demand of electric power industry anti-freezing and deicing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power equipment operation and maintenance technology, and in particular to a rapid heating and long-term energy storage antifreezing and de-icing device for power poles and a temperature control method. Background Technology

[0002] In low-temperature winter conditions, rain and snow easily condense into ice on the surface of utility poles, significantly reducing the friction on the pole's outer wall and posing a serious safety hazard to power workers climbing the poles. De-icing utility poles is a crucial task to ensure the safety of workers. Relevant industry regulations clearly require that ice on the pole surface be removed promptly and quickly to prevent accidents caused by slipping on ice during climbing.

[0003] Currently, traditional de-icing methods mostly rely on manual ice breaking, which suffers from low efficiency, high safety risks, and a tendency for secondary icing. This not only consumes significant manpower and resources but also prolongs power outages, causing economic losses such as industrial production halts and reduced commercial revenue, while also affecting power supply reliability. Existing de-icing devices also struggle to balance rapid heating and de-icing with long-term energy storage, and cannot dynamically adjust control strategies according to environmental changes, thus failing to meet the actual needs of winter power pole anti-freezing and de-icing.

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical challenges, ensure the safety of power workers, reduce power outage losses, improve power supply reliability, and meet the power industry's requirements for anti-icing and de-icing, developing a rapid-heating and long-lasting energy storage device for power poles, along with a temperature control method, has become an urgent technical issue to be resolved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the technical challenges of high safety risks for workers climbing icy utility poles in winter, low efficiency of traditional de-icing methods, and the difficulty of existing devices in balancing rapid heating and long-term energy storage. This invention provides a utility pole anti-freezing and de-icing device and temperature control method that provides rapid heating and long-term energy storage, achieving precise anti-freezing and de-icing, ensuring operational safety, reducing power outage losses, and improving power supply reliability.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A fast-heating and long-lasting energy storage anti-freezing and de-icing device for utility poles includes a control box. A solar panel is installed on the top of the control box, and a clamp for assembly with the utility pole is fixedly connected to one side. A storage battery is installed inside the control box, and two power supply wires are led out from the bottom. The ends of the two power supply wires are respectively connected to arc-shaped heating elements. The two arc-shaped heating elements are fixed to the outer wall of the utility pole by bolts through extension connecting plates at both ends.

[0008] Furthermore, a remote communication module and a temperature sensor are also installed on the top of the control box, with the detection probe of the temperature sensor facing the utility pole.

[0009] Furthermore, the arc-shaped heating element has a layered composite structure, consisting of a heat-conducting inner layer, a heating wire, and a heat-insulating outer layer from the inside out.

[0010] Furthermore, the solar panel, battery, arc heating element, remote communication module, and temperature sensor are all electrically connected to the control unit inside the control box, and the power supply and working status are uniformly controlled by the control box.

[0011] A temperature control method for a rapid heating and long-term energy storage anti-freezing and de-icing device for utility poles includes the following:

[0012] S1: Real-time temperature data of the outer wall of the utility pole is collected through a temperature sensor; local weather forecast data is obtained through a remote communication module; the current remaining power and real-time voltage of the battery are obtained through the power detection unit in the control box; and real-time power generation is obtained through the output terminal of the solar panel.

[0013] S2: Based on the data obtained in S1, the control unit in the control box calls the built-in icing growth heat balance model to calculate the theoretical heat load required to prevent the utility pole from icing or to melt the existing icing; and generates a dynamic heating strategy based on the theoretical heat load, the current remaining battery power, the real-time voltage, the real-time power generation of the solar panel, and the preset range requirements.

[0014] S3: Based on the dynamic heating strategy generated by S2, the control unit uses PWM regulation technology to drive the arc heating element to start / stop and power output, thereby achieving rapid heating response;

[0015] S4: When the temperature suddenly drops and ice forms, the estimated ice thickness exceeds the standard, or a manual de-icing command is received, the rapid de-icing mode is activated, the battery supplies power at the rated maximum power, and after the temperature reaches the standard and is maintained for a preset time, it switches to the heat preservation mode; the entire de-icing process operation data is recorded simultaneously, and the ice growth thermal balance model is iteratively optimized.

[0016] Furthermore, in S1, temperature sensors at different heights collect the temperature of the outer wall of the utility pole and take the average value to ensure data representativeness; a remote communication module obtains hourly weather forecast data such as ambient temperature, air humidity, wind speed, and solar radiation intensity for the next 24 hours to assist in icing judgment and heat load calculation; a power detection unit collects the remaining battery power and real-time voltage to monitor the working status of the energy storage system; a power sensor collects the real-time power generation of the solar panels to understand the availability of clean energy; after all collected data is converted into digital signals, the control unit performs preprocessing such as outlier removal and smoothing filtering to ensure data accuracy.

[0017] Furthermore, in S2, the control unit, based on the preprocessed data collected in S1, calls the built-in icing growth heat balance model. Using the core formula of heat provided by the heating system = convective heat transfer loss + radiative heat transfer loss + latent heat demand for melting / anti-icing - solar radiation heat gain, and combining the calculation formulas for each heat item, it calculates the theoretical heat load required for antifreeze or melting ice, and corrects it using the heating system's thermal efficiency. Subsequently, the control unit, combining the corrected theoretical heat load, remaining battery power, real-time voltage, real-time solar power generation, and preset range requirements, generates a dynamic heating strategy. Specifically, this includes: adjusting the heating power within the range of 30% to 100% of the rated power; rationally allocating heating periods based on meteorological data; utilizing solar energy to assist in antifreeze to reduce energy storage consumption; and formulating a battery charging and discharging management strategy based on the difference between solar power generation and heating power to ensure a balance between heating demand and energy storage range.

[0018] Furthermore, in S3, the control unit, based on the dynamic heating strategy generated in S2, employs high-frequency PWM regulation technology to achieve precise start-up and power drive of the arc-shaped heating element, resulting in rapid heating response. Specifically, the PWM modulation frequency is first set to 10kHz, with its duty cycle linearly related to the heating power. The duty cycle is calculated using a corresponding formula and adjusted in 1% increments to achieve refined control of the heating power. In terms of heating control, when heating is started or the power is increased, the duty cycle is quickly adjusted so that the heating element reaches the target power within 1-3 seconds. When the temperature of the outer wall of the utility pole approaches the preset insulation temperature, the duty cycle is gradually reduced to stabilize the temperature and avoid energy waste. Simultaneously, the operating current and temperature of the heating element are monitored in real time. If the current or temperature exceeds the limit, the duty cycle is immediately adjusted or heating is stopped, and a fault signal is sent to the backend to ensure the safe operation of the device.

[0019] Furthermore, in S4, the control unit monitors various parameters in real time. When any of the following conditions are met—the outer wall temperature of the utility pole remains below freezing, the estimated ice thickness exceeds the threshold, or a manual de-icing command is received—the rapid de-icing mode is immediately activated. The battery is controlled to supply power at its rated maximum power, and the heating elements operate at full power to prioritize de-icing needs. Once the pole temperature reaches the target and remains there for the preset duration, the system automatically switches to heat preservation mode, maintaining the temperature according to the dynamic heating strategy of S2 to prevent re-icing. If the battery power is too low during de-icing, the power will be automatically reduced and a warning will be sent to ensure basic anti-freezing functions. The system simultaneously records the environmental, operational, and de-icing-related parameters throughout the entire de-icing process and uploads them to the backend server via a remote communication module. The server uses the least squares method to correct the parameters of the ice growth heat balance model to iteratively optimize the model and improve the accuracy of subsequent heat load calculations and the adaptability of the control strategy.

[0020] Furthermore, in S2, the icing growth heat balance model includes:

[0021] The core formula for heat balance is: Heat provided by the heating system = Convective heat transfer loss + Radiation heat transfer loss + Latent heat demand for melting ice / preventing icing - Solar radiation heat gain, that is:

[0022]

[0023] The calculation formulas and parameter meanings for each heat item are as follows:

[0024] Convection heat transfer loss The convective heat loss between the surface of the utility pole and the ambient air is calculated using the following formula:

[0025]

[0026] in: The convective heat transfer coefficient is determined by the wind speed. The fitting formula is obtained by fitting. ; The heated area of ​​the utility pole is determined by its diameter. and the length of the heating element wrap calculate, ; The temperature of the outer wall of the utility pole. The ambient temperature;

[0027] Radiative heat transfer loss The formula for calculating the radiative heat loss between the pole surface and the surrounding environment is as follows:

[0028]

[0029] in: The emissivity of the utility pole surface is 0.8 to 0.9, adjusted according to the material of the utility pole surface. The value is the Stefan-Boltzmann constant. W / (m 2 ·K 4 ); , It needs to be converted to thermodynamic temperature; the conversion formula is as follows. ; The heated area of ​​the utility pole;

[0030] Latent heat requirements for de-icing / anti-icing :

[0031] Ice thickness Estimation formula:

[0032]

[0033] in, The icing growth factor, corrected for environmental conditions, has a range of values ​​of [value missing]. Under low temperature and high humidity conditions, the upper limit is taken; under dry and low temperature conditions, the lower limit is taken. : Icing duration, i.e., ambient temperature And air humidity The cumulative duration is timed and counted in real time by the control unit; when or At that time, it was determined that there was no ice accumulation. ;

[0034] Anti-icing state, i.e., when there is no existing icing: It is only necessary to keep the temperature of the utility pole above freezing point;

[0035] Melting state, i.e., when there is existing ice cover:

[0036]

[0037] in, The density of ice is taken as 900 kg / m³. The volume of the ice layer is determined by the ice thickness. calculate, ; The heat of fusion of ice is taken as 334,000 J / kg; The preset ice melting time is set according to the ice thickness, and is generally 300~1800s;

[0038] Solar radiation heat gain The formula for calculating the solar radiation heat absorbed by the surface of a utility pole is as follows:

[0039]

[0040] in: The solar radiation absorption coefficient of the utility pole surface is taken as 0.7~0.8; The heated area of ​​the utility pole; This represents the intensity of solar radiation.

[0041] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0042] This invention effectively improves the safety of power workers climbing utility poles. By using arc-shaped heating elements that are fixed to the outer wall of the pole and combined with temperature control methods, it achieves precise anti-freezing and de-icing. This completely solves the problem of reduced friction on footholds and easy slipping and falling caused by ice covering utility poles in winter. At the same time, it avoids the safety hazards of manual de-icing, fundamentally ensuring the personal safety of workers and meeting the safety operation standards of the power industry.

[0043] This invention achieves a synergistic balance between rapid heating and long-term energy storage. The arc-shaped heating element can quickly respond to heating demands through PWM regulation technology. The solar panel and battery work together to provide clean energy power supply and energy storage. The dynamic heating strategy in the control method combines meteorological and energy storage data to rationally allocate power, ensuring both rapid de-icing and long-term battery life, reducing dependence on external power supply and lowering energy consumption.

[0044] This invention is easy to operate and highly intelligent. The device can be quickly assembled onto utility poles using clamps, eliminating the need for complex installation procedures. The temperature control method achieves full-process automation, automatically collecting multi-source data, generating heating strategies, and completing mode switching. It also supports manual command intervention, reducing manual operation, improving anti-freezing and de-icing efficiency, and lowering maintenance costs. Attached Figure Description

[0045] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of a power pole antifreeze and de-icing device that provides rapid heating and long-term energy storage, as proposed in this invention.

[0046] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the arc-shaped heating element of a power pole antifreeze and de-icing device that provides rapid heating and long-term energy storage, as proposed in this invention.

[0047] Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the internal structure of the arc-shaped heating element of a power pole antifreeze and de-icing device that provides rapid heating and long-term energy storage, as proposed in this invention.

[0048] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of a temperature control method for a power pole antifreeze and de-icing device that provides rapid heating and long-term energy storage, as proposed in this invention.

[0049] Legend:

[0050] 1. Solar panel; 2. Control box; 3. Hoop; 4. Remote communication module; 5. Temperature sensor; 6. Power supply wire; 7. Arc heating element; 701. Thermal conductive inner layer; 702. Heating wire; 703. Thermal insulation outer layer; 8. Extension connecting plate; 9. Bolt; 10. Storage battery; 11. Utility pole. Detailed Implementation

[0051] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0052] Example 1

[0053] A fast-heating and long-lasting energy storage anti-freezing and de-icing device for utility poles includes a control box 2. A solar panel 1 is installed on the top of the control box 2, and a clamp 3 for assembly with the utility pole is fixedly connected to one side. A storage battery 10 is installed inside the control box 2, and two power supply wires 6 are led out from the bottom. The ends of the two power supply wires 6 are respectively connected to arc-shaped heating elements 7. The two arc-shaped heating elements 7 are engaged with bolts 9 through extension connecting plates 8 set at both ends, and are clamped and fixed to the outer wall of the utility pole.

[0054] The top of the control box 2 is also equipped with a remote communication module 4 and a temperature sensor 5, with the detection probe of the temperature sensor 5 facing the utility pole.

[0055] The arc-shaped heating element 7 has a layered composite structure, consisting of a heat-conducting inner layer 701, a heating wire 702, and a heat-insulating outer layer 703, from the inside out.

[0056] Solar panel 1, battery 10, arc heating element 7, remote communication module 4, and temperature sensor 5 are all electrically connected to the control unit in control box 2, and the power supply and working status are uniformly controlled by control box 2.

[0057] Example 2

[0058] A temperature control method for a rapid heating and long-term energy storage anti-freezing and de-icing device for utility poles includes the following:

[0059] S1: Real-time temperature data of the outer wall of the utility pole is collected through a temperature sensor; local weather forecast data is obtained through a remote communication module; the current remaining power and real-time voltage of the battery are obtained through the power detection unit in the control box; and real-time power generation is obtained through the output terminal of the solar panel.

[0060] S2: Based on the data obtained in S1, the control unit in the control box calls the built-in icing growth heat balance model to calculate the theoretical heat load required to prevent the utility pole from icing or to melt the existing icing; and generates a dynamic heating strategy based on the theoretical heat load, the current remaining battery power, the real-time voltage, the real-time power generation of the solar panel, and the preset range requirements.

[0061] S3: Based on the dynamic heating strategy generated by S2, the control unit uses PWM regulation technology to drive the arc heating element to start / stop and power output, thereby achieving rapid heating response;

[0062] S4: When the temperature suddenly drops and ice forms, the estimated ice thickness exceeds the standard, or a manual de-icing command is received, the rapid de-icing mode is activated, the battery supplies power at the rated maximum power, and after the temperature reaches the standard and is maintained for a preset time, it switches to the heat preservation mode; the entire de-icing process operation data is recorded simultaneously, and the ice growth thermal balance model is iteratively optimized.

[0063] In S1, temperature sensors at different heights collect the temperature of the outer wall of the utility pole and take the average value to ensure data representativeness; a remote communication module obtains hourly weather forecast data such as ambient temperature, air humidity, wind speed, and solar radiation intensity for the next 24 hours to assist in icing judgment and heat load calculation; a power detection unit collects the remaining battery power and real-time voltage to monitor the working status of the energy storage system; a power sensor collects the real-time power generation of the solar panels to understand the availability of clean energy; after all collected data is converted into digital signals, the control unit performs preprocessing such as outlier removal and smoothing filtering to ensure data accuracy.

[0064] In S2, the control unit, based on the preprocessed data collected in S1, calls the built-in icing growth heat balance model. Using the core formula of heat provided by the heating system = convective heat transfer loss + radiative heat transfer loss + latent heat demand for melting / anti-icing - solar radiation heat gain, and combining the calculation formulas for each heat item, it calculates the theoretical heat load required for antifreeze or melting ice, and corrects it using the heating system's thermal efficiency. Subsequently, the control unit, combining the corrected theoretical heat load, remaining battery power, real-time voltage, real-time solar power generation, and preset range requirements, generates a dynamic heating strategy. Specifically, this includes: adjusting the heating power within the range of 30% to 100% of rated power; rationally allocating heating periods based on meteorological data; utilizing solar energy to assist in antifreeze to reduce energy storage consumption; and formulating a battery charging and discharging management strategy based on the difference between solar power generation and heating power to ensure a balance between heating demand and energy storage range.

[0065] In S3, the control unit, based on the dynamic heating strategy generated in S2, employs high-frequency PWM regulation technology to achieve precise start-up and power drive of the arc-shaped heating element, resulting in rapid heating response. Specifically, the PWM modulation frequency is first set to 10kHz, with its duty cycle linearly related to the heating power. The duty cycle is calculated using a corresponding formula and adjusted in 1% increments to achieve refined control of the heating power. In terms of heating control, when heating is started or the power is increased, the duty cycle is quickly adjusted so that the heating element reaches the target power within 1-3 seconds. When the temperature of the outer wall of the utility pole approaches the preset insulation temperature, the duty cycle is gradually reduced to stabilize the temperature and avoid energy waste. Simultaneously, the operating current and temperature of the heating element are monitored in real time. If the current or temperature exceeds the limit, the duty cycle is immediately adjusted or heating is stopped, and a fault signal is sent to the backend to ensure the safe operation of the device.

[0066] In S4, the control unit monitors various parameters in real time. When any of the following conditions are met—the outer wall temperature of the utility pole remains below freezing, the estimated ice thickness exceeds the threshold, or a manual de-icing command is received—the rapid de-icing mode is immediately activated. The battery is controlled to supply power at its rated maximum power, and the heating elements operate at full power to prioritize de-icing needs. Once the pole temperature reaches the target and remains there for the preset duration, the system automatically switches to heat preservation mode, maintaining the temperature according to the dynamic heating strategy of S2 to prevent re-icing. If the battery power is too low during de-icing, the power will be automatically reduced and a warning will be sent to ensure basic anti-freezing functions. The system simultaneously records the environmental, operational, and de-icing-related parameters throughout the entire de-icing process and uploads them to the backend server via a remote communication module. The server uses the least squares method to correct the parameters of the ice growth heat balance model to iteratively optimize the model and improve the accuracy of subsequent heat load calculations and the adaptability of the control strategy.

[0067] In S2, the icing growth heat balance model includes:

[0068] The core formula for heat balance is: Heat provided by the heating system = Convective heat transfer loss + Radiation heat transfer loss + Latent heat demand for melting ice / preventing icing - Solar radiation heat gain, that is:

[0069]

[0070] The calculation formulas and parameter meanings for each heat item are as follows:

[0071] Convection heat transfer loss The convective heat loss between the surface of the utility pole and the ambient air is calculated using the following formula:

[0072]

[0073] in: The convective heat transfer coefficient is determined by the wind speed. The fitting formula is obtained by fitting. ; The heated area of ​​the utility pole is determined by its diameter. and the length of the heating element wrap calculate, ; The temperature of the outer wall of the utility pole. The ambient temperature;

[0074] Radiative heat transfer loss The formula for calculating the radiative heat loss between the pole surface and the surrounding environment is as follows:

[0075]

[0076] in: The emissivity of the utility pole surface is 0.8 to 0.9, adjusted according to the material of the utility pole surface. The value is the Stefan-Boltzmann constant. W / (m 2 ·K 4 ); , It needs to be converted to thermodynamic temperature; the conversion formula is as follows. ; The heated area of ​​the utility pole;

[0077] Latent heat requirements for de-icing / anti-icing :

[0078] Ice thickness Estimation formula:

[0079]

[0080] in, The icing growth factor, corrected for environmental conditions, has a range of values ​​of [value missing]. Under low temperature and high humidity conditions, the upper limit is taken; under dry and low temperature conditions, the lower limit is taken. : Icing duration, i.e., ambient temperature And air humidity The cumulative duration is timed and counted in real time by the control unit; when or At that time, it was determined that there was no ice accumulation. ;

[0081] Anti-icing state, i.e., when there is no existing icing: It is only necessary to keep the temperature of the utility pole above freezing point;

[0082] Melting state, i.e., when there is existing ice cover:

[0083]

[0084] in, The density of ice is taken as 900 kg / m³. The volume of the ice layer is determined by the ice thickness. calculate, ; The heat of fusion of ice is taken as 334,000 J / kg; The preset ice melting time is set according to the ice thickness, and is generally 300~1800s;

[0085] Solar radiation heat gain The formula for calculating the solar radiation heat absorbed by the surface of a utility pole is as follows:

[0086]

[0087] in: The solar radiation absorption coefficient of the utility pole surface is taken as 0.7~0.8; The heated area of ​​the utility pole; This represents the intensity of solar radiation.

[0088] Example 3

[0089] A temperature control method for a rapid heating and long-term energy storage anti-freezing and de-icing device for utility poles, comprising the following specific steps:

[0090] S1: Real-time acquisition of multi-source data

[0091] Multi-dimensional data is collected synchronously by each detection unit of the device to provide data support for the generation of subsequent control strategies. The collection frequency is set to 10 seconds / time, and the specific collection content and parameters are as follows:

[0092] Temperature data of the outer wall of the utility pole: collected by temperature sensors fixed at different heights on the utility pole (2m, 4m, and 6m from the ground), and recorded as follows. (Unit: °C), the average value of the three sensor readings is taken as the final outer wall temperature of the utility pole to ensure data representativeness;

[0093] Local weather forecast data: acquired from the meteorological platform via a remote communication module, collecting hourly meteorological parameters for the next 24 hours. Key parameters include:

[0094] Ambient temperature (Unit: °C): Real-time ambient temperature forecast for the future period;

[0095] air humidity (Unit: %): Ambient relative humidity, used to help determine the probability of icing;

[0096] wind speed (Unit: m / s): Ambient wind speed, which affects the calculation of convective heat transfer loss;

[0097] Solar radiation intensity (Unit: W / m) 2 ): Solar radiation flux, used to calculate the heat gain from solar radiation.

[0098] Energy storage system parameters: Battery operating parameters are collected by the power detection unit inside the control box, including:

[0099] Current remaining battery power (Unit: %): The percentage of the battery's remaining charge relative to its rated capacity, ranging from 0% to 100%;

[0100] Real-time voltage (Unit: V): Real-time voltage across the battery terminals, used to determine the battery's operating status.

[0101] Power generation system parameters: Real-time power generation is collected by power sensors at the output terminals of the solar panels. (Unit: W) is used to determine the available clean energy power.

[0102] All collected data is converted into digital signals by the A / D conversion module and then transmitted to the control unit (MCU) in the control box for data preprocessing (outlier removal and smoothing filtering) to ensure data accuracy.

[0103] S2: Dynamic heating strategy generation

[0104] Based on the preprocessed data collected by S1, the control unit calls the built-in icing growth heat balance model to comprehensively evaluate various heat exchange quantities, calculate the theoretical heat load, and generate a dynamic heating strategy by combining the energy storage and power generation status. The specific process is as follows:

[0105] 2.1 Establishment of the heat balance model for icing growth

[0106] The core formula for heat balance is: Heat provided by the heating system = Convective heat transfer loss + Radiation heat transfer loss + Latent heat demand for melting ice / preventing icing - Solar radiation heat gain, that is:

[0107]

[0108] The calculation formulas and parameter meanings for each heat item are as follows:

[0109] Convection heat transfer loss (Unit: W): Convective heat loss between the surface of the utility pole and the ambient air, calculated using the following formula:

[0110]

[0111] in: The convective heat transfer coefficient (unit: W / (m²·℃)) is determined by wind speed. The fitting formula is obtained by fitting. ; The heated area of ​​the utility pole (unit: m²) is determined based on the pole diameter. (Unit: m) and length of heating element wrapping (Unit: m) Calculation, ; The temperature of the outer wall of the utility pole. The ambient temperature.

[0112] Radiative heat transfer loss (Unit: W): Radiative heat loss between the pole surface and the surrounding environment, calculated using the following formula:

[0113]

[0114] in: The emissivity of the utility pole surface is 0.8 to 0.9 (adjusted according to the material of the utility pole surface). The value is the Stefan-Boltzmann constant. W / (m 2 ·K 4 ); , It needs to be converted to thermodynamic temperature (unit: K), conversion formula ; This represents the heated area of ​​the utility pole.

[0115] Latent heat requirements for de-icing / anti-icing (Unit: W):

[0116] Ice thickness (Unit: m) Estimation formula:

[0117]

[0118] in, The icing growth factor, corrected for environmental conditions, has a range of values ​​of [value missing]. Under low temperature and high humidity conditions, the upper limit is taken; under dry and low temperature conditions, the lower limit is taken. : Icing duration (unit: seconds), i.e., ambient temperature And air humidity The cumulative duration is timed and counted in real time by the control unit; when or At that time, it was determined that there was no ice accumulation. ;

[0119] Anti-icing status (no existing icing): It is only necessary to maintain the temperature of the utility pole above the freezing point (0°C).

[0120] Melting state (with existing ice cover):

[0121]

[0122] in, The density of ice (unit: kg / m³) is taken as 900 kg / m³. The volume of ice (unit: m³) is determined by the ice thickness. (Unit: m) Calculation, ; The heat of fusion of ice (unit: J / kg) is taken as 334000 J / kg; The preset ice melting time (unit: s) is set according to the ice thickness, and is generally 300~1800s.

[0123] Solar radiation heat gain (Unit: W): Solar radiation heat absorbed by the surface of the utility pole, calculated using the following formula:

[0124]

[0125] in: The solar radiation absorption coefficient of the utility pole surface is taken as 0.7~0.8; The heated area of ​​the utility pole; This represents the intensity of solar radiation.

[0126] 2.2 Calculation of Theoretical Heat Load

[0127] Based on the above heat balance formula, calculate the theoretical heat load required to prevent utility poles from icing or to melt existing ice. (Unit: W), considering the thermal efficiency of the heating system (Value range: 0.85~0.95, determined by the material of the arc-shaped heating element). The actual required heating power needs to be adjusted using the following formula:

[0128]

[0129] 2.3 Generation of Dynamic Heating Strategy

[0130] The control unit combines theoretical heat load Remaining battery power Real-time voltage Real-time solar power generation Based on preset range requirements (generally requiring the battery to have at least 20% remaining charge), a dynamic heating strategy is generated, which specifically includes:

[0131] Heating power adjustment: Set the heating power The adjustment range is 30% to 100% of the rated power. The adjustment formula is:

[0132]

[0133] The maximum output power of the battery (unit: W) is determined by the real-time voltage of the battery. and internal resistance (Unit: Ω) Calculate, ;when At that time, restrictions The rated power is 30% to 50%, prioritizing the energy storage's continuous operation.

[0134] Heating period distribution: Based on meteorological forecast data, under ambient temperature... air humidity During certain periods, heating is activated; when solar radiation intensity is high... and During certain periods, reduce heating power or suspend heating to utilize solar energy for antifreeze and reduce energy storage consumption.

[0135] Energy storage management strategy: When At this time, excess power is used to charge the battery, and the charging current is... (Unit: A) Control Formula: ,in This is the maximum charging current of the battery; when At this time, the battery provides supplemental power, and the discharge current... (Unit: A) Control Formula: And ensure (Maximum discharge current of the battery).

[0136] S3: Rapid Heating and Precise Driving

[0137] Based on the dynamic heating strategy generated by S2, the control unit uses high-frequency PWM (pulse width modulation) adjustment technology to drive the arc-shaped heating element to start / stop and control power output, achieving rapid heating response. The specific operation is as follows:

[0138] PWM adjustment parameter settings: PWM modulation frequency set to 10kHz, duty cycle... (Unit: %) and heating power The relationship is linear, and the adjustment formula is as follows:

[0139]

[0140] Rated power (in W) of the arc-shaped heating element; duty cycle The adjustment step size is 1%, enabling precise adjustment of heating power.

[0141] Rapid heating control: When heating needs to be started or the heating power needs to be increased, the control unit quickly adjusts the PWM duty cycle so that the heating element reaches the target power within 1-3 seconds, achieving rapid heating; when the temperature of the outer wall of the utility pole is detected... When the temperature approaches the preset insulation temperature (generally set at 3~5℃), gradually reduce the duty cycle to maintain temperature stability and avoid energy waste.

[0142] Abnormal protection: Real-time monitoring of the heating element's operating current. (Unit: A) and temperature (Unit: °C), when (Maximum allowable current for heating element) or If the fault occurs, immediately reduce the PWM duty cycle or stop heating, and send a fault signal to the backend server to ensure the safe operation of the device.

[0143] S4: Mode Switching and Model Iteration Optimization

[0144] The control unit monitors various parameters in real time, triggers the conditions for starting the rapid de-icing mode, completes the mode switch, and records the running data for model iteration. The specific steps are as follows:

[0145] 4.1 Conditions for Activating Quick De-icing Mode

[0146] The rapid de-icing mode will be activated immediately when any of the following conditions are met:

[0147] Temperature of the outer wall of the utility pole And the duration exceeds the set duration. (Generally set to 5~10 minutes);

[0148] Estimated ice thickness (Set a threshold);

[0149] The system receives manual de-icing commands from the backend or on-site via a remote communication module.

[0150] 4.2 Mode Switching Control

[0151] Quick De-icing Mode: Upon activation, controls the battery to operate at its rated maximum power. Power is supplied to the arc-shaped heating element, at which point the PWM duty cycle... The heating element operates at full power, quickly generating heat to melt the ice; at the same time, the energy storage and charging function is turned off to prioritize the power demand for de-icing.

[0152] Insulation mode switching: When the temperature of the outer wall of the utility pole is detected... (The insulation setting threshold is generally set at 2~3℃), and the duration exceeds... (Generally set to 10~15min) After confirming that the ice has completely melted, it will automatically exit the rapid de-icing mode and switch to the heat preservation mode. It will maintain the temperature according to the dynamic heating strategy generated by S2 to prevent re-icing.

[0153] Emergency protection switchover: During rapid de-icing, the remaining battery power... When the device is in use, it automatically reduces the heating power to 50% of the rated power and sends a low battery warning to the backend server to ensure the device's basic anti-freeze function.

[0154] 4.3 Data Recording and Model Iteration

[0155] Data recording: Key parameters of the entire de-icing process were recorded synchronously, including: ambient temperature. air humidity Wind speed Solar radiation intensity Environmental parameters; heating power Battery charging and discharging current, actual power consumption Operating parameters such as (unit: Wh); temperature change curve of the outer wall of the utility pole, estimated ice thickness, and ice melting time. (Unit: s) and other de-icing parameters.

[0156] Model Iterative Optimization: The recorded data of the entire process is uploaded to the backend server via a remote communication module. Based on historical data, the server uses the least squares method to correct the convective heat transfer coefficient in the icing growth heat balance model. Radiative emissivity Key parameters, formula correction:

[0157]

[0158] in: These are the corrected parameter values. These are the parameter values ​​before correction. The iteration step size (values ​​range from 0.01 to 0.05). Let be the gradient of the objective function, and let be the objective function. This is the sum of squared errors between the theoretical heat load and the actual heat load, thereby improving the accuracy of subsequent heat load calculations and the adaptability of control strategies.

[0159] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rapid heating and long-term energy storage anti-freezing and de-icing device for utility poles, comprising a control box (2), characterized in that: The control box (2) is equipped with a solar panel (1) at the top and a clamp (3) for assembling with the utility pole is fixedly connected to one side; the control box (2) is equipped with a storage battery (10) and two power supply wires (6) are led out from the bottom; the ends of the two power supply wires (6) are respectively connected to arc-shaped heating elements (7), and the two arc-shaped heating elements (7) are engaged with bolts (9) through extension connecting plates (8) set at both ends, and are fixed to the outer wall of the utility pole.

2. The anti-freezing and de-icing device for utility poles with rapid heating and long-term energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the control box (2) is also equipped with a remote communication module (4) and a temperature sensor (5), with the detection probe of the temperature sensor (5) facing the utility pole.

3. The anti-freezing and de-icing device for utility poles with rapid heating and long-term energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arc-shaped heating element (7) has a layered composite structure, consisting of a heat-conducting inner layer (701), a heating wire (702), and a heat-insulating outer layer (703) from the inside out.

4. The anti-freezing and de-icing device for utility poles with rapid heating and long-term energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solar panel (1), battery (10), arc heating element (7), remote communication module (4), and temperature sensor (5) are all electrically connected to the control unit in the control box (2), and the power supply and working status are uniformly controlled by the control box (2).

5. A temperature control method for a rapid heating and long-term energy storage anti-freezing and de-icing device for utility poles, characterized in that: Includes the following: S1: Real-time temperature data of the outer wall of the utility pole is collected through a temperature sensor; local weather forecast data is obtained through a remote communication module; the current remaining power and real-time voltage of the battery are obtained through the power detection unit in the control box; and real-time power generation is obtained through the output terminal of the solar panel. S2: Based on the data obtained in S1, the control unit in the control box calls the built-in icing growth heat balance model to calculate the theoretical heat load required to prevent the utility pole from icing or to melt the existing icing; and generates a dynamic heating strategy based on the theoretical heat load, the current remaining battery power, the real-time voltage, the real-time power generation of the solar panel, and the preset range requirements. S3: Based on the dynamic heating strategy generated by S2, the control unit uses PWM regulation technology to drive the arc heating element to start / stop and power output, thereby achieving rapid heating response; S4: When the temperature suddenly drops and ice forms, the estimated ice thickness exceeds the standard, or a manual de-icing command is received, the fast de-icing mode is activated, the battery supplies power at the rated maximum power, and after the temperature reaches the standard and is maintained for a preset time, it switches to the heat preservation mode. The entire de-icing process data is recorded synchronously, and the heat balance model for ice growth is iteratively optimized.

6. The temperature control method for a rapid heating and long-term energy storage anti-freezing and de-icing device for utility poles according to claim 5, characterized in that: In S1, temperature sensors at different heights collect the temperature of the outer wall of the utility pole and take the average value to ensure data representativeness; a remote communication module obtains hourly weather forecast data such as ambient temperature, air humidity, wind speed, and solar radiation intensity for the next 24 hours to assist in icing judgment and heat load calculation; a power detection unit collects the remaining battery power and real-time voltage to monitor the working status of the energy storage system; a power sensor collects the real-time power generation of the solar panels to understand the availability of clean energy; after all collected data is converted into digital signals, the control unit performs preprocessing such as outlier removal and smoothing filtering to ensure data accuracy.

7. The temperature control method for a rapid heating and long-term energy storage anti-freezing and de-icing device for utility poles according to claim 5, characterized in that: In S2, the control unit, based on the preprocessed data collected in S1, calls the built-in icing growth heat balance model. Using the core formula of heat provided by the heating system = convective heat transfer loss + radiative heat transfer loss + latent heat demand for melting / anti-icing - solar radiation heat gain, and combining the calculation formulas for each heat item, it calculates the theoretical heat load required for antifreeze or melting ice, and corrects it using the heating system's thermal efficiency. Subsequently, the control unit, combining the corrected theoretical heat load, remaining battery power, real-time voltage, real-time solar power generation, and preset range requirements, generates a dynamic heating strategy. Specifically, this includes: adjusting the heating power within the range of 30% to 100% of rated power; rationally allocating heating periods based on meteorological data; utilizing solar energy to assist in antifreeze to reduce energy storage consumption; and formulating a battery charging and discharging management strategy based on the difference between solar power generation and heating power to ensure a balance between heating demand and energy storage range.

8. The temperature control method for a rapid heating and long-term energy storage anti-freezing and de-icing device for utility poles according to claim 5, characterized in that: In S3, the control unit, based on the dynamic heating strategy generated in S2, employs high-frequency PWM regulation technology to achieve precise start-up and power drive of the arc-shaped heating element, resulting in rapid heating response. Specifically, the PWM modulation frequency is first set to 10kHz, with its duty cycle linearly related to the heating power. The duty cycle is calculated using a corresponding formula and adjusted in 1% increments to achieve refined control of the heating power. In terms of heating control, when heating is started or the power is increased, the duty cycle is quickly adjusted so that the heating element reaches the target power within 1-3 seconds. When the temperature of the outer wall of the utility pole approaches the preset insulation temperature, the duty cycle is gradually reduced to stabilize the temperature and avoid energy waste. Simultaneously, the operating current and temperature of the heating element are monitored in real time. If the current or temperature exceeds the limit, the duty cycle is immediately adjusted or heating is stopped, and a fault signal is sent to the backend to ensure the safe operation of the device.

9. The temperature control method for a rapid heating and long-term energy storage anti-freezing and de-icing device for utility poles according to claim 5, characterized in that: In S4, the control unit monitors various parameters in real time. When any of the following conditions are met—the outer wall temperature of the utility pole remains below freezing, the estimated ice thickness exceeds the threshold, or a manual de-icing command is received—the rapid de-icing mode is immediately activated. The battery is controlled to supply power at its rated maximum power, and the heating elements operate at full power to prioritize de-icing needs. Once the pole temperature reaches the target and remains there for the preset duration, the system automatically switches to heat preservation mode, maintaining the temperature according to the dynamic heating strategy of S2 to prevent re-icing. If the battery power is too low during de-icing, the power will be automatically reduced and a warning will be sent to ensure basic anti-freezing functions. The system simultaneously records the environmental, operational, and de-icing-related parameters throughout the entire de-icing process and uploads them to the backend server via a remote communication module. The server uses the least squares method to correct the parameters of the ice growth heat balance model to iteratively optimize the model and improve the accuracy of subsequent heat load calculations and the adaptability of the control strategy.

10. The temperature control method for a rapid heating and long-term energy storage anti-freezing and de-icing device for utility poles according to claim 5, characterized in that: In S2, the icing growth heat balance model includes: The core formula for heat balance is: Heat provided by the heating system = Convective heat transfer loss + Radiation heat transfer loss + Latent heat demand for melting ice / preventing icing - Solar radiation heat gain, that is: The calculation formulas and parameter meanings for each heat item are as follows: Convection heat transfer loss The convective heat loss between the surface of the utility pole and the ambient air is calculated using the following formula: in: The convective heat transfer coefficient is determined by the wind speed. The fitting formula is obtained by fitting. ; The heated area of ​​the utility pole is determined by its diameter. and the length of the heating element wrap calculate, ; The temperature of the outer wall of the utility pole. The ambient temperature; Radiative heat transfer loss The formula for calculating the radiative heat loss between the pole surface and the surrounding environment is as follows: in: The emissivity of the utility pole surface is 0.8 to 0.9, adjusted according to the material of the utility pole surface. The value is the Stefan-Boltzmann constant, which takes the following values. W / (m 2 ·K 4 ); , It needs to be converted to thermodynamic temperature; the conversion formula is as follows. ; The heated area of ​​the utility pole; Latent heat requirements for de-icing / anti-icing : Ice thickness Estimation formula: in, The icing growth factor, corrected for environmental conditions, has a range of values ​​of [value missing]. Under low temperature and high humidity conditions, the upper limit is taken; under dry and low temperature conditions, the lower limit is taken. : Icing duration, i.e., ambient temperature And air humidity The cumulative duration is timed and counted in real time by the control unit; when or At that time, it was determined that there was no ice accumulation. ; Anti-icing state, i.e., when there is no existing icing: It is only necessary to keep the temperature of the utility pole above freezing point; Melting state, i.e., when there is existing ice cover: in, The density of ice is taken as 900 kg / m³. The volume of the ice layer is determined by the ice thickness. calculate, ; The heat of fusion of ice is taken as 334,000 J / kg; The preset ice melting time is set according to the ice thickness, and is generally 300~1800s; Solar radiation heat gain The formula for calculating the solar radiation heat absorbed by the surface of a utility pole is as follows: in: The solar radiation absorption coefficient of the utility pole surface is taken as 0.7~0.8; The heated area of ​​the utility pole; This represents the intensity of solar radiation.

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