An aircraft maintenance activity failure mode severity assessment system and method
By constructing a multi-dimensional quantitative model and a weighted summation model, the problem of inaccurate assessment results in the existing failure mode assessment of aircraft maintenance activities is solved, and a comprehensive and accurate assessment of the impact of failure modes is achieved, improving the consistency and accuracy of the assessment.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- CHINESE FLIGHT TEST ESTAB
- Filing Date
- 2026-04-27
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-14
AI Technical Summary
Existing methods for assessing the severity of failure modes in aircraft maintenance activities fail to fully cover all potential associated risks, resulting in insufficient accuracy and consistency in assessment results. Furthermore, reliance on expert experience leads to strong subjectivity, making it difficult to accurately assess the severity of failure impacts.
A multi-dimensional quantitative model is constructed, which divides the impact of failure modes into four dimensions: damage to the repair object, impact on the repair process, injury to repair personnel, and damage to repair equipment. Standardized scoring rules are formulated, and a comprehensive severity score is calculated through a weighted summation model. Combining historical data and expert judgment, a severity score is output.
It enables a comprehensive and accurate assessment of failure modes in aircraft maintenance activities, improves the consistency and accuracy of assessment results, quantifies the combined severe consequences of different failure modes, and provides reliable data support for subsequent analysis.
Smart Images
Figure CN122390225A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of failure mode analysis technology for aircraft maintenance activities, and specifically relates to a system and method for assessing the severity of failure modes in aircraft maintenance activities. Background Technology
[0002] Aircraft maintenance is a crucial part of ensuring the safe operation of test aircraft. However, maintenance failures are inevitable. After a maintenance failure occurs, it is necessary to promptly determine the impact of the failure, assess the severity of the impact caused by the failure mode, and screen out the failure modes with high analytical necessity in order to carry out the next step of failure cause analysis.
[0003] Current failure mode severity assessment methods in aircraft maintenance are somewhat one-sided, focusing primarily on the damage to the maintenance object itself while neglecting external impacts, such as additional maintenance hours, personnel injuries, and equipment damage resulting from maintenance failures. A comprehensive assessment of maintenance activity failure mode severity requires considering multiple factors to arrive at a reasonable severity score, thus determining the severity of the failure mode's impact. Furthermore, existing assessments of the safety risks of maintenance activity failure modes often rely on expert experience to subjectively select the most risky failure modes. Limited by the differences in experts' technical backgrounds and professional experience, the scoring lacks objectivity and is prone to errors. It may also be influenced by human cognitive limitations or situational factors, failing to fully cover all associated risks of complex systems, thereby reducing the consistency and accuracy of the assessment results. Therefore, it is necessary to improve existing failure mode severity assessment methods for aircraft maintenance activities, enabling maintenance personnel to accurately assess the potential impact of maintenance activities and determine their severity when failures occur. Simultaneously, the subjective influence of expert scoring should be avoided to improve the consistency and accuracy of the assessment results.
[0004] Based on this, the present invention proposes a failure mode severity assessment system and method for aircraft maintenance activities to solve the problems existing in the prior art. Summary of the Invention
[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a failure mode severity assessment system and method for aircraft maintenance activities, thereby resolving the issues that existing methods struggle to comprehensively cover all potential associated risks, resulting in insufficient accuracy and difficulty in reusing assessment results.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: This invention provides a first solution: a method for assessing the severity of failure modes in aircraft maintenance activities, comprising the following steps: Step S1: Construct a rigorous quantitative model of failure modes for maintenance activities; The failure mode impact of maintenance activities is divided into four dimensions: the severity of damage to the maintenance object, the severity of the impact on the maintenance process, the severity of injury to maintenance personnel, and the severity of damage to maintenance equipment. Scoring rules are set for each dimension. Among them: the severity score of the impact of the maintenance process is calculated by measuring the increase in maintenance man-hours. W 1 Investigation time W 2 and the work increment complexity coefficient The formula is determined comprehensively as follows: ; Step S2: Conduct a rigorous quantitative assessment of the failure modes of maintenance activities; Import maintenance activity steps, analyze the failure modes of each maintenance activity step, determine the failure impact according to the classification, and combine the rigorous quantitative model of maintenance activity failure modes to score the failure impact of maintenance activities in four dimensions. Step S3: Calculate the overall severity score of the failure modes of maintenance activities; After normalizing the severity scores of the four dimensions obtained in step S2, the comprehensive severity score is calculated using a weighted summation model. Step S4: Develop a comprehensive severity rating standard and screen the main failure modes; Based on the severity of the failure modes of the maintenance activities, all possible severity scores are classified. Then, from the comprehensive severity scores obtained in step S3, scores with a comprehensive severity score H greater than or equal to the preset hazard impact scoring standard are selected. H 3 The failure mode is output.
[0007] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when classifying the failure mode impact categories of maintenance activities in step S1, the failure mode impacts of aircraft maintenance activities are divided into the impact of maintenance object failure and the impact of factors other than the maintenance object; wherein: The impact of maintenance failure refers to the damage to the maintenance object during use caused by the incorrect or omitted execution of maintenance activities, or the direct damage to the maintenance object caused during maintenance activities, or the personal injury caused by aircraft damage due to maintenance failure. The objects of maintenance include the entire aircraft, systems, subsystems, and constituent units; The impact of factors other than the object being repaired includes the failure impact of the repair process, the failure impact of injury to repair personnel, and the failure impact of damage to repair equipment.
[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S1, the severity score of the damage to the repair object is an integer value, and the score increases as the degree of damage to the repair object increases; and it is determined based on whether the repair object can fly normally after the failure mode of the maintenance activity occurs, whether personnel injury occurs, whether the flight mission can be carried out normally, and whether unplanned maintenance occurs.
[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S1, the severity scoring rule for the impact of the maintenance process is determined based on the severity scoring method for the impact of the maintenance process, and the specific process includes: The maintenance activity is divided into multiple maintenance steps, and the maintenance man-hours for each maintenance step are defined. Analyze the location of maintenance activity failure, calculate the maintenance man-hours for all steps from the initial step to the failure step, and use this as the increment of maintenance man-hours that need to be re-completed after the maintenance activity failure. express; Based on the failure mode descriptions of maintenance activities, the investigation time for different types of failure modes is defined, and then... express; Define the incremental complexity coefficient for different maintenance activities. ; Wherein: the work increment complexity coefficient This includes installation-related, sealing / applying, and complex assembly types; Calculate the incremental maintenance work after the final assessment : The target formula includes: ; Increase maintenance work Severity rating of the impact of conversion into failure mode on the maintenance process Severity rating The target formula includes: ; in: The severity rating coefficient is used to indicate the impact of the repair process on the severity of the repair. These are the maximum and minimum values of the maintenance work increment within the same system, respectively. This is the floor function.
[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S1, the severity scoring rule for maintenance personnel injuries is determined based on the severity scoring method for maintenance personnel injuries, and the specific process includes: Define the inherent risk benchmark for maintenance activities, and use Benchmark values representing inherent risk; Define the environmental and object correction factors for maintenance activities, and utilize... Environmental and object correction factors characterizing maintenance activities; Define an empirical calibration factor for the historical dataset of maintenance activities, and utilize... An empirical calibration factor characterizing a historical dataset of maintenance activities; Calculate personnel injury scores Personnel injury score The target formula includes: ; Personal injury rating Converted into a severity rating for injuries to maintenance personnel The severity of injury to maintenance personnel was rated. The target formula includes: ; in: A severity rating coefficient for injuries to maintenance personnel. These are the minimum and maximum values of personnel injury scores for different maintenance activity failure modes within the same system. This is the floor function.
[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S1, the damage severity scoring rule for repair equipment is determined based on the damage severity scoring method for repair equipment, and the specific process includes: Define the damage severity score of maintenance equipment under maintenance activity failure modes, and utilize... A score characterizing the degree of damage to the repaired equipment.
[0012] Define the importance score of maintenance equipment under maintenance activity failure modes, and utilize... A score characterizing the importance of maintenance equipment.
[0013] Calculate the damage score of the repair equipment Equipment damage rating The target formula includes: ; Rate the damage to the repaired equipment Converted into a damage severity rating for repair equipment Severity rating of equipment damage during maintenance The target formula includes: ; in: The severity rating coefficient for equipment damage during maintenance. These are the minimum and maximum values of the equipment damage score within the same system. This is the floor function.
[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, step S3, which calculates the comprehensive severity score of the maintenance activity failure modes, includes: After obtaining severity scores for four dimensions—damage to the repaired object, impact on the repair process, injury to repair personnel, and damage to repaired equipment—different weights were assigned to each of the four dimensions based on the primary failure influencing factors of the repair activity's failure mode. express; in This indicates the weighting of the damage severity score for the object being repaired; The severity score is determined by the progress of the repair process. This indicates the severity of injury to maintenance personnel; This indicates the severity score of damage to the equipment being repaired; The overall severity score for failure modes of maintenance activities is calculated. The objective formula for the overall severity score of failure modes of maintenance activities includes: ; in: For the first The weights of each dimension, and .
[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, step S4, which involves developing a comprehensive severity rating standard, includes: After obtaining the comprehensive severity score of the failure modes of maintenance activities, the severity is sorted according to the score and the severity classification criteria are set. Three scoring standards were set respectively. , and ,when At that time, it was believed that the failure mode of the maintenance activity would only have a minor impact; when At that time, it was believed that the failure modes of maintenance activities would have a moderate impact; when At that time, it was believed that failure modes of maintenance activities would have a significant impact; when At that time, it was believed that the failure mode of maintenance activities would have dangerous effects.
[0016] This invention provides a second solution: a failure mode severity assessment system for aircraft maintenance activities, comprising: The Maintenance Activity Import and Failure Effect Analysis module is used to import maintenance activity steps, associate failure modes of maintenance activities, conduct failure mode effect analysis, classify failure effects, and output failure effect analysis results to subsequent modules. The damage severity assessment module for maintenance objects is used to store the damage severity scoring rules for maintenance activity failure modes, receive the input maintenance activity failure modes and failure effects, and give the maintenance object damage severity score for the maintenance activity failure modes. The maintenance process impact severity assessment module is used to store the maintenance process impact severity scoring rules for maintenance activity failure modes, receive the input maintenance activity failure modes and failure impacts, and give the maintenance process impact severity score for the maintenance activity failure modes. The maintenance personnel injury severity assessment module is used to store the maintenance personnel injury severity scoring rules for maintenance activity failure modes, receive the input maintenance activity failure modes and failure effects, and give the maintenance personnel injury severity score for the maintenance activity failure modes. The equipment damage severity assessment module is used to store the equipment damage severity scoring rules for maintenance activity failure modes, receive the input maintenance activity failure modes and failure effects, and give the equipment damage severity score for the maintenance activity failure modes. The comprehensive severity score and failure mode screening module is used to store the comprehensive severity score rules for failure modes of maintenance activities. When the system inputs the four-dimensional severity scores of a failure mode of a maintenance activity into the module, the module can calculate the comprehensive severity score through a weighted summation model, classify the severity of failure modes according to the score, and output the failure mode results with severe and dangerous impacts.
[0017] The present invention provides a third solution: a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements a method for assessing the severity of failure modes in aircraft maintenance activities.
[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a failure mode severity assessment system and method for aircraft maintenance activities, which has the following beneficial effects: This invention constructs a multi-dimensional quantitative model of the impact of maintenance activity failures, decomposes the severity of failures into four core dimensions: damage to the maintenance object, increase in maintenance work, injury to maintenance personnel, and damage to maintenance equipment, and formulates standardized scoring rules. Through a weighted summation comprehensive scoring method, the severity scores of a single dimension are integrated into an overall impact assessment of the failure mode, quantifying the comprehensive and serious consequences that different maintenance activity failures may cause.
[0019] This invention standardizes the correspondence between failure modes and various influencing factors, and designs an evaluation method, system, and medium based on dataset matching and coefficient calibration, which improves the efficiency and accuracy of failure severity analysis in maintenance activities and provides reliable severity data support for subsequent failure cause analysis and safety risk management in maintenance activities.
[0020] This solves the problem that existing methods are unable to fully cover all potential associated risks, resulting in insufficient accuracy of assessment results and difficulty in reuse. Attached Figure Description
[0021] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the failure mode severity assessment method for aircraft maintenance activities according to the present invention. Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the maintenance activity failure impact classification method established by the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the failure mode severity assessment system for aircraft maintenance activities according to the present invention.
[0022] In the attached diagram: 1. Maintenance activity introduction and failure impact analysis module; 2. Maintenance object damage severity assessment module; 3. Maintenance process impact severity assessment module; 4. Maintenance personnel injury severity assessment module; 5. Maintenance equipment damage severity assessment module; 6. Comprehensive severity scoring and failure mode screening module. Detailed Implementation
[0023] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0024] To address the shortcomings of existing methods in comprehensively covering all potential associated risks, resulting in insufficient accuracy and difficulty in reusing assessment results, this invention provides a system and method for assessing the severity of failure modes in aircraft maintenance activities. This system evaluates the severity of failure impacts caused by failure modes from multiple dimensions, improving the consistency and accuracy of failure mode severity assessments in aircraft maintenance activities. It accurately determines the severity of failure mode impacts, providing a foundation for subsequent failure cause analysis and ensuring aircraft maintenance safety.
[0025] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this invention provides a method for assessing the severity of failure modes in aircraft maintenance activities, specifically including the following steps: Step S1: Construct a rigorous quantitative model of failure modes for maintenance activities; The failure modes of maintenance activities are categorized into impact types, and four dimensions are selected: severity of damage to the maintenance object, severity of impact on the maintenance process, severity of injury to maintenance personnel, and severity of damage to maintenance equipment. A scoring rule for the severity of maintenance activity failure modes is designed, and a quantitative assessment model for the severity of maintenance activity failure modes is constructed. Specifically, the following steps are included: Step S11: Classify the impact categories of maintenance activity failure modes. Divide the impact of aircraft maintenance activity failure modes into two perspectives: the impact of the maintenance object's failure and the impact of factors other than the maintenance object. For example... Figure 2 As shown.
[0026] Specifically, the impact of maintenance failure refers to damage to the maintenance object during use caused by incorrect or omitted maintenance activities, direct damage to the maintenance object during maintenance activities, or personnel injuries or fatalities resulting from aircraft damage caused by maintenance failure. For aircraft maintenance activities, maintenance objects include the entire aircraft, systems, subsystems, and constituent units. The impact of factors other than the object being repaired includes the impact of repair process failure, the impact of injury to repair personnel, and the impact of damage to repair equipment. Specifically, this refers to additional repair activities caused by errors or omissions in the execution of repair activities, injuries or deaths of repair personnel, or loss or damage to repair equipment.
[0027] Taking the maintenance of a certain type of aircraft landing gear as an example, this paper illustrates the method for classifying the failure mode effects of maintenance activities. Some potential failure modes that may occur during landing gear maintenance are selected and listed in a table. A failure effect analysis is then conducted, and the results are shown in Table 1. Table 1: Some Failure Modes and Failure Effects in Landing Gear Maintenance Activities
[0028] Step S12: Design the damage severity scoring rules for the repair object; The severity of damage to the maintenance object is scored based on whether the aircraft can fly normally after a maintenance activity failure mode occurs, whether there will be personnel injury, whether the flight mission can be carried out normally, and whether unplanned maintenance will occur. The severity of damage to the maintenance object is scored as an integer value, with higher scores indicating greater damage to the maintenance object.
[0029] Specifically, a higher severity score is assigned to situations where the maintenance object suffers severe damage, such as being unable to fly normally, or resulting in personnel casualties; a medium severity score is assigned to situations where the maintenance object cannot complete its scheduled flight mission; and a lower severity score is assigned to situations where the maintenance object undergoes unplanned maintenance. The specific severity score for the damage to the maintenance object is given with reference to the FMEA analysis results of the maintenance object.
[0030] Taking a severity rating of 5 levels as an example, Table 2 provides an example of the severity rating of damage to the repair object.
[0031] Table 2: Categories and Standards for Evaluating the Severity of Damage to Repair Objects
[0032] Step S13: Design the severity scoring rules for the impact of the maintenance process; The severity of the impact on maintenance progress is determined by comprehensively considering the additional maintenance workload and inspection volume required after the occurrence of a maintenance failure mode, as well as the complexity coefficient of the additional maintenance workload. The severity score for the impact on maintenance progress is an integer value; the larger the score, the greater the increase in maintenance workload.
[0033] The above-mentioned method for determining the severity score of the impact of the maintenance process includes the following steps: Step S131: Define the time required for each maintenance step; divide the maintenance activity into multiple maintenance steps and define the maintenance man-hours for each maintenance step.
[0034] Step S132: Locate the failure mode of the maintenance activity and calculate the maintenance work increment: Analyze the location where the maintenance activity failure occurs, calculate the maintenance man-hours for all steps from the initial step to the failure step, as the incremental maintenance man-hours that need to be re-completed after the maintenance activity failure, and use... express.
[0035] Step S133: Define the troubleshooting time for maintenance activity failure modes: Based on the failure mode descriptions of maintenance activities, define the troubleshooting time for different types of maintenance activities. The main reference criteria are whether separate troubleshooting is required, whether special tools are needed, etc., and define the troubleshooting time for each maintenance activity as follows: .
[0036] Step S134: Define the incremental complexity coefficient: Define a "incremental complexity coefficient" based on the characteristics of different maintenance activities. ; The work increment complexity coefficient α is determined based on the main process characteristics of the maintenance activity: if it mainly involves simple mechanical connections such as bolt tightening and plugging (installation type), α=1; if it involves leak prevention processes such as sealant application and gasket installation (sealing / applying type), α=2; if it includes assembly processes involving precision fitting of multiple parts, torque sequence control, or positioning of special tooling (complex assembly type), α=3; in other cases, the maintenance engineer shall assign a value within the range of 1-3 according to the process complexity and with reference to the above standards.
[0037] Step S135: Calculate the incremental maintenance work after the final assessment : The target formula includes: ; Step S136: Calculate the severity score of the impact on the maintenance process: Increment the maintenance work Severity rating of the impact of conversion into failure mode on the maintenance process Severity rating The target formula includes: ; in: The selection rules for the severity rating coefficient of the impact of the maintenance process can be set according to the actual situation, and this embodiment does not impose any restrictions on this. These are the maximum and minimum values of the maintenance work increment within the same system, respectively. This is the floor function.
[0038] Step S14: Design the severity scoring rules for maintenance personnel injuries; The severity of injuries to maintenance personnel is determined based on a comprehensive assessment of the energy forms involved in maintenance activities, the severity of the working environment, and historical data. The severity score is an integer value; the higher the score, the more severe the potential injury to personnel during the maintenance activity. The above-mentioned method for determining the severity of injuries to maintenance personnel specifically includes the following steps: Step S141: Define the inherent risk benchmark value for maintenance activities: Based on the energy form involved in the maintenance activity, define the inherent risk benchmark value for the maintenance activity. For maintenance activities involving low energy, such as manual operations, a lower inherent risk benchmark value is used; for maintenance activities involving medium energy, such as mechanical power or compressed springs, a medium-level inherent risk benchmark value is used; for maintenance activities involving high energy, such as high temperature and pressure, or explosions, a higher inherent risk benchmark value is used. A benchmark value representing inherent risk.
[0039] Specifically, when determining the inherent risk benchmark value for maintenance activities, values can be selected according to the specific explanation in Table 3. It should be noted that the parameter values in Table 3 are recommended values under preferred methods, used to illustrate the scoring rules and implementation methods of this invention, and do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention.
[0040] Table 3: Benchmark Scoring Table for Inherent Risks in Maintenance Activities
[0041] Step S142: Define the environmental and object correction factors for maintenance activities: Based on the accessibility of the maintenance object and the severity of the maintenance work environment, adjust the inherent risk benchmark value. Adjustments should be made. For maintenance activities conducted in open spaces such as dedicated hangars, lower environmental and object correction factors can be used; for maintenance activities involving high-altitude operations or harsh / restricted environments such as landing gear bays, the environmental and object correction factors should be adjusted upwards accordingly. Environmental and object correction coefficients characterizing maintenance activities.
[0042] Specifically, when determining the environmental and object correction coefficients for maintenance activities, the accessibility level of the maintenance object and the operational environment condition level of the maintenance activity can be determined by referring to the judgment criteria given in Table 4. Based on the determined scores of the two levels, these scores are substituted into Table 5 to determine the environmental and object correction coefficient scores for the maintenance activities. It should be noted that the parameter values in Table 5 are recommended values under the preferred method, used to illustrate the scoring rules and implementation methods of the present invention, and do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0043] Table 4: Classification of Maintenance Activities by Accessibility and Working Environment
[0044] Table 5: Scoring Table for Correction Coefficients of Maintenance Activity Environment and Object
[0045] Step S143: Define the empirical calibration factor for the historical dataset of maintenance activities: Collect historical data on personnel injuries caused by maintenance activities and determine the record status of maintenance activities in the historical dataset that needs to be evaluated. If no personnel injuries occurred during maintenance activities in the historical dataset, a lower empirical calibration factor is used; if historical data for maintenance activities is missing, an intermediate empirical calibration factor is used; if personnel injuries occurred during maintenance activities in the historical dataset, a higher empirical calibration factor is used, and the value should be positively correlated with the frequency and severity of personnel injuries in the dataset. Utilizing... An empirical calibration factor characterizing the historical dataset of maintenance activities.
[0046] Step S144: Calculate the personnel injury score Personnel Injury Score The target formula includes: ; Step S145: Calculate the severity score of injury to maintenance personnel: Calculate the personnel injury score... Converted into a severity rating for injuries to maintenance personnel The severity of injury to maintenance personnel was rated. The target formula includes: ; in: The selection rules for the severity rating coefficient of injury to maintenance personnel can be set according to the actual situation, and this embodiment does not impose any restrictions on this. These are the minimum and maximum values of personnel injury scores for different maintenance activities within the same system. This is the floor function.
[0047] Step S15: Design the damage severity scoring rules for the repair equipment; The severity of damage to repaired equipment is determined based on a combination of the extent of the damage and the importance of the equipment. The severity score is an integer value; the higher the score, the more severe the damage.
[0048] The above-mentioned method for determining the severity of damage to repaired equipment includes the following steps: Step S151: Define the equipment damage severity score under maintenance activity failure modes: For the equipment damage severity score, only damage causing functional impairment is considered, excluding damage that does not affect normal use, such as scratches, or the equipment damage severity score for damage that does not affect normal use is set to 0; for equipment damage that causes functional impairment, a higher equipment damage severity score should be given, and the score is positively correlated with the degree of equipment damage. Utilizing... A score characterizing the degree of damage to the repaired equipment.
[0049] Step S152: Define the importance score of maintenance equipment under maintenance activity failure modes: Classify the maintenance equipment involved in the maintenance activity according to function and criticality, such as disposable consumables, general hand tools, testing and calibration equipment, special tools, etc. Assign lower importance scores to maintenance equipment with low importance, such as disposable consumables and general hand tools; assign higher importance scores to higher-value or special equipment, and there is a positive correlation between equipment importance and maintenance equipment importance score. Utilizing... A score characterizing the importance of maintenance equipment.
[0050] Step S153: Calculate the damage score of the repair equipment. Equipment damage rating The target formula includes: ; Step S154: Calculate the severity of damage to the equipment being repaired: Rate the damage to the equipment being repaired. Converted into a damage severity rating for repair equipment Severity rating of equipment damage during maintenance The target formula includes: ; in: The selection rules for the severity rating coefficient of equipment damage can be set according to the actual situation, and this embodiment does not impose any restrictions on this. These are the minimum and maximum values of the equipment damage score within the same system. This is the floor function.
[0051] Step S2: Conduct a rigorous quantitative assessment of the failure modes of maintenance activities; Import maintenance activity steps, analyze the failure modes of each step, and determine the failure impact according to the classification. Based on the failure impact description, and combined with a rigorous quantitative model, score the failure impact of maintenance activities across four dimensions.
[0052] Specifically, taking the landing gear maintenance activities of a certain type of aircraft as an example, we will explain the scoring method for the failure impact of maintenance activities across four dimensions. Following the methods given in steps S12-S15, we score the failure modes of maintenance activities shown in Table 1, and the scoring results for each dimension are shown in Table 6.
[0053] Table 6: Severity ratings of various dimensions for some failure modes in landing gear maintenance activities
[0054] Step S3: Calculate the overall severity score of the failure modes of maintenance activities; After normalizing the severity scores of the four dimensions obtained in step S2, a weighted summation model is used to process the normalized scores to obtain the comprehensive severity score of the maintenance activity failure mode. The specific steps include: Step S31: Set the weights for the failure impact evaluation dimensions; After obtaining severity scores for four dimensions—damage to the repaired object, impact on the repair process, injury to repair personnel, and damage to repaired equipment—different weights were assigned to each of the four dimensions based on the primary failure influencing factors of the repair activity's failure mode. It indicates. Among them. This indicates the weighting of the damage severity score for the object being repaired; The severity score is determined by the progress of the repair process. This indicates the severity of injury to maintenance personnel; This indicates the severity of damage to the equipment being repaired.
[0055] Step S32: Calculate the overall severity score of the maintenance activity failure modes. The target formula for the overall severity score of the maintenance activity failure modes includes: ; in: For the first The weights of each dimension, and ,for The selection of [the appropriate device] can be flexibly chosen according to different systems or different models; this embodiment does not impose any restrictions.
[0056] It should be noted that weight ω iThe Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was used to determine the following: First, a judgment matrix was constructed, and domain experts compared the relative importance of each of the four dimensions pairwise; then, the weight vector was calculated and a consistency check was performed; the final result was... ω 1 , ω 2 , ω 3 , ω 4 Satisfy Σ ω i =1. For routine line maintenance, the recommended initial weight is... ω 1=0.5, ω 2 =0.2, ω3=0.2, ω4=0.1, which can be adjusted according to the safety requirements of specific models.
[0057] Step S4: Develop a comprehensive severity rating standard and screen the main failure modes; Based on the importance and score of the four dimensions of failure impact in maintenance activities, a comprehensive severity scoring rule is established, classifying failure modes into four levels of severity: mild, moderate, severe, and hazardous. Combining the comprehensive severity score of the failure modes obtained in the previous step, the scoring rule is used to determine the severity of each failure mode. Severe and hazardous failure modes are then selected and output for subsequent analysis, providing a theoretical basis for proposing subsequent control measures.
[0058] Specifically, after obtaining the comprehensive severity score of the failure modes of maintenance activities, the severity is ranked according to the score, and a severity classification standard is set. Three scoring standard lines are set respectively. , and ,when At that time, it was believed that the failure mode of the maintenance activity would only have a slight impact; when At that time, it was believed that the failure mode of maintenance activities would have a moderate impact; when At that time, it was believed that the failure mode of maintenance activities would have a severe impact; when At that time, it was considered that the failure mode of the maintenance activity would have a hazardous effect. Among them: H 1 , H 2 , H 3 The score is determined based on the comprehensive score distribution of historical maintenance failure data, such as the 25th, 50th, and 75th percentiles, or by the safety management department setting specific values based on risk tolerance.
[0059] It should be noted that the number of scoring criteria lines is only a reference and can be set according to the actual situation. This embodiment does not impose any restrictions.
[0060] Continuing with an example of some failure modes in the maintenance of a certain type of landing gear, this paper explains the comprehensive severity scoring method and the failure mode screening method. Four benchmarks are given below: ; ; The comprehensive severity score and impact rating of the failure modes for landing gear maintenance activities are given in Table 7.
[0061] Table 7: Comprehensive Severity Score and Impact Rating of Some Failure Modes in Landing Gear Maintenance Activities
[0062] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, this invention provides a failure mode severity assessment system for aircraft maintenance activities using the above-described method, specifically including the following modules: The Maintenance Activity Import and Failure Effect Analysis module is used to import maintenance activity steps, associate failure modes of maintenance activities, conduct failure mode effect analysis, classify failure effects, and output failure effect analysis results to subsequent modules. The damage severity assessment module for maintenance objects is used to store the damage severity scoring rules for maintenance activity failure modes, receive the input maintenance activity failure modes and failure effects, and give the maintenance object damage severity score for the maintenance activity failure modes. The maintenance process impact severity assessment module is used to store the maintenance process impact severity scoring rules for maintenance activity failure modes, receive the input maintenance activity failure modes and failure impacts, and give the maintenance process impact severity score for the maintenance activity failure modes. The maintenance personnel injury severity assessment module is used to store the maintenance personnel injury severity scoring rules for maintenance activity failure modes, receive the input maintenance activity failure modes and failure effects, and give the maintenance personnel injury severity score for the maintenance activity failure modes. The equipment damage severity assessment module is used to store the equipment damage severity scoring rules for maintenance activity failure modes, receive the input maintenance activity failure modes and failure effects, and give the equipment damage severity score for the maintenance activity failure modes. The comprehensive severity score and failure mode screening module is used to store the comprehensive severity score rules for failure modes of maintenance activities. When the system inputs the four-dimensional severity scores of a failure mode of a maintenance activity into the module, the module can calculate the comprehensive severity score through a weighted summation model, classify the severity of failure modes according to the score, and output the failure mode results with severe and dangerous impacts.
[0063] The aforementioned modules for assessing the severity of damage to the repaired object, assessing the severity of damage to the repaired object, assessing the severity of the impact of the repair process on the repaired object, assessing the severity of injury to the repaired personnel, assessing the severity of damage to the repaired equipment, and the comprehensive severity scoring and failure mode screening are all implemented based on the severity assessment method described in Example 1.
[0064] This invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a program or instructions. When the program or instructions are executed by a processor, they implement the steps in the above-mentioned method for assessing the severity of failure modes in aircraft maintenance activities and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, the details will not be repeated here.
[0065] This invention provides a computer program product, including computer instructions. When executed by a processor, the computer instructions implement the steps in the above-mentioned method for assessing the severity of failure modes in aircraft maintenance activities, and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, the details will not be repeated here.
[0066] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A method for assessing the severity of failure modes in aircraft maintenance activities, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S1: Construct a rigorous quantitative model of failure modes for maintenance activities; The failure mode impact of maintenance activities is divided into four dimensions: the severity of damage to the maintenance object, the severity of the impact on the maintenance process, the severity of injury to maintenance personnel, and the severity of damage to maintenance equipment. Scoring rules are set for each dimension. Among them: the severity score of the impact of the maintenance process is calculated by measuring the increase in maintenance man-hours. W 1 Investigation time W 2 and the work increment complexity coefficient Determined comprehensively; Step S2: Conduct a rigorous quantitative assessment of the failure modes of maintenance activities; Import maintenance activity steps, analyze the failure modes of each maintenance activity step, determine the failure impact according to the classification, and combine the rigorous quantitative model of maintenance activity failure modes to score the failure impact of maintenance activities in four dimensions. Step S3: Calculate the overall severity score of the failure modes of maintenance activities; After normalizing the severity scores of the four dimensions obtained in step S2, the comprehensive severity score is calculated using a weighted summation model. Step S4: Develop a comprehensive severity rating standard and screen the main failure modes; Based on the severity of the failure modes of the maintenance activities, all possible severity scores are classified. Then, from the comprehensive severity scores obtained in step S3, scores with a comprehensive severity score H greater than or equal to the preset hazard impact scoring standard are selected. H 3 The failure modes are output.
2. The method for assessing the severity of failure modes in aircraft maintenance activities as described in claim 1, characterized in that, When classifying the failure modes of maintenance activities in step S1, the failure modes of aircraft maintenance activities are divided into the failure effects of the maintenance object and the effects of factors other than the maintenance object. in: The impact of maintenance failure refers to the damage to the maintenance object during use caused by the incorrect or omitted execution of maintenance activities, or the direct damage to the maintenance object caused during maintenance activities, or the personal injury caused by aircraft damage due to maintenance failure. The objects of maintenance include the entire aircraft, systems, subsystems, and constituent units; The impact of factors other than the object being repaired includes the failure impact of the repair process, the failure impact of injury to repair personnel, and the failure impact of damage to repair equipment.
3. The method for assessing the severity of failure modes in aircraft maintenance activities as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the severity score of the damage to the object being repaired is an integer value, and the score increases as the degree of damage to the object being repaired increases; and it is determined based on whether the object being repaired can fly normally after the failure mode of the maintenance activity occurs, whether personnel injury occurs, whether the flight mission can be carried out normally, and whether unplanned maintenance occurs.
4. The method for assessing the severity of failure modes in aircraft maintenance activities as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the severity scoring rule for the impact of maintenance process is determined based on the severity scoring method for the impact of maintenance process, and the specific process includes: The maintenance activity is divided into multiple maintenance steps, and the maintenance man-hours for each maintenance step are defined. Analyze the location of maintenance activity failure, calculate the maintenance man-hours for all steps from the initial step to the failure step, and use this as the increment of maintenance man-hours that need to be re-completed after the maintenance activity failure. express; Based on the failure mode descriptions of maintenance activities, the investigation time for different types of failure modes is defined, and then... express; Define the incremental complexity coefficient for different maintenance activities. ; Wherein: the work increment complexity coefficient This includes installation-related, sealing / applying, and complex assembly types; Calculate the incremental maintenance work after the final assessment : The target formula includes: ； Increase maintenance work Severity rating of the impact of conversion into failure mode on the maintenance process Severity rating The target formula includes: ； in: The severity rating coefficient is used to indicate the impact of the repair process on the severity of the repair. These are the maximum and minimum values of the maintenance work increment within the same system, respectively. This is the floor function.
5. The method for assessing the severity of failure modes in aircraft maintenance activities as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the severity scoring rules for maintenance personnel injuries are determined based on the maintenance personnel injury severity scoring method, and the specific process includes: Define the inherent risk benchmark for maintenance activities, and use Benchmark values representing inherent risk; Define the environmental and object correction factors for maintenance activities, and utilize... Environmental and object correction factors characterizing maintenance activities; Define an empirical calibration factor for the historical dataset of maintenance activities, and utilize... An empirical calibration factor characterizing a historical dataset of maintenance activities; Calculate personnel injury scores Personnel injury score The target formula includes: ； Personal injury rating Converted into a severity rating for injuries to maintenance personnel The severity of injury to maintenance personnel was rated. The target formula includes: ； in: A severity rating coefficient for injuries to maintenance personnel. These are the minimum and maximum values of personnel injury scores for different maintenance activity failure modes within the same system. This is the floor function.
6. The method for assessing the severity of failure modes in aircraft maintenance activities as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the damage severity scoring rules for repaired equipment are determined based on the damage severity scoring method for repaired equipment. The specific process includes: Define the damage severity score of maintenance equipment under maintenance activity failure modes, and utilize... A score characterizing the degree of damage to the repaired equipment. Define the importance score of maintenance equipment under maintenance activity failure modes, and utilize... A score characterizing the importance of maintenance equipment. Calculate the damage score of the repair equipment Equipment damage rating The target formula includes: ； Rate the damage to the repaired equipment Converted into a damage severity rating for repair equipment Severity rating of equipment damage during maintenance The target formula includes: ； in: The severity rating coefficient for equipment damage during maintenance. These are the minimum and maximum values of the equipment damage score within the same system. This is the floor function.
7. The method for assessing the severity of failure modes in aircraft maintenance activities as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Step S3, which calculates the overall severity score of the failure modes of maintenance activities, includes: After obtaining severity scores for four dimensions—damage to the repaired object, impact on the repair process, injury to repair personnel, and damage to repaired equipment—different weights were assigned to each of the four dimensions based on the primary failure influencing factors of the repair activity's failure mode. express; in: This indicates the weighting of the damage severity score for the object being repaired; The severity score is determined by the progress of the repair process. This indicates the severity of injury to maintenance personnel; This indicates the severity of damage to the equipment being repaired. The overall severity score for failure modes of maintenance activities is calculated. The objective formula for the overall severity score of failure modes of maintenance activities includes: ； in: For the first The weights of each dimension, and .
8. The method for assessing the severity of failure modes in aircraft maintenance activities as described in claim 7, characterized in that, Step S4, the process of developing a comprehensive severity rating standard, includes: After obtaining the comprehensive severity score of the failure modes of maintenance activities, the severity is sorted according to the score and the severity classification criteria are set. Three scoring standards were set respectively. , and ,when At that time, it was believed that the failure mode of the maintenance activity would only have a minor impact; when At that time, it was believed that the failure modes of maintenance activities would have a moderate impact; when At that time, it was believed that failure modes of maintenance activities would have a significant impact; when At that time, it was believed that the failure mode of maintenance activities would have dangerous effects.
9. A system utilizing the failure mode severity assessment method for aircraft maintenance activities according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, include: The Maintenance Activity Import and Failure Effect Analysis module is used to import maintenance activity steps, associate failure modes of maintenance activities, conduct failure mode effect analysis, classify failure effects, and output failure effect analysis results to subsequent modules. The damage severity assessment module for maintenance objects is used to store the damage severity scoring rules for maintenance activity failure modes, receive the input maintenance activity failure modes and failure effects, and give the maintenance object damage severity score for the maintenance activity failure modes. The maintenance process impact severity assessment module is used to store the maintenance process impact severity scoring rules for maintenance activity failure modes, receive the input maintenance activity failure modes and failure impacts, and give the maintenance process impact severity score for the maintenance activity failure modes. The maintenance personnel injury severity assessment module is used to store the maintenance personnel injury severity scoring rules for maintenance activity failure modes, receive the input maintenance activity failure modes and failure effects, and give the maintenance personnel injury severity score for the maintenance activity failure modes. The equipment damage severity assessment module is used to store the equipment damage severity scoring rules for maintenance activity failure modes, receive the input maintenance activity failure modes and failure effects, and give the equipment damage severity score for the maintenance activity failure modes. The comprehensive severity score and failure mode screening module is used to store the comprehensive severity score rules for failure modes of maintenance activities. When the system inputs the four-dimensional severity scores of a failure mode of a maintenance activity into the module, the module can calculate the comprehensive severity score through a weighted summation model, classify the severity of failure modes according to the score, and output the failure mode results with severe and dangerous impacts.
10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When executed by the processor, the program implements the method for assessing the severity of failure modes in aircraft maintenance activities as described in any one of claims 1-8.