A method and system for controlling and tracing the quality of castings based on MES

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of casting production quality control, and particularly relates to a casting production quality safety control tracing method and system based on MES. The method comprises the following steps: collecting the temperature values of the metal liquid and the inner wall of the mold during the casting smelting and pouring process, taking the mold-adhering interface of the metal liquid and the inner wall of the mold as the object, and calculating the interface heat exchange data according to the temperature difference at the instant of contact; calculating the local solidification rate of the mold-adhering interface according to the interface heat exchange data, and determining the gas discharge capacity in combination with the gas discharge path in the mold; correcting the degree of closure of the gas discharge path through the local solidification rate to obtain the interface closure degree value, and determining the casting solidification shrinkage trend value based on the interface closure degree value; the present application realizes precise defect tracing and process parameter closed-loop optimization control through casting production quality control, improves the accuracy and response efficiency of defect identification, and enhances the stability and consistency of the production process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of casting production quality control technology, and in particular to a casting production quality and safety control traceability method and system based on MES. Background Technology

[0002] In the casting production process, quality traceability mainly relies on manual recording of process parameters and final test results, which suffers from serious data silos and broken traceability chains. It is difficult to link the real-time status of specific process links. Although the existing MES system has achieved information management of production data, it lacks in-depth analysis of the physical mechanisms such as interface heat transfer, gas discharge, and shrinkage compensation during the casting solidification process. It cannot establish a quantitative correlation between raw data such as temperature and pressure and the defect formation mechanism. As a result, when quality anomalies occur, the cause can only be inferred from experience, resulting in low positioning accuracy and long investigation cycle. Existing technology does not consider the dynamic impact of the degree of interface closure on gas residue and shrinkage compensation, making it difficult to predict the defect expansion trend and achieve adaptive optimization of process parameters, which restricts the improvement of casting production quality stability. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a method and system for traceability of casting production quality and safety control based on MES to solve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, a method for traceability of casting production quality and safety control based on MES includes the following steps:

[0005] Step S1: During the casting melting and pouring process, collect the temperature values ​​of the molten metal and the inner wall of the mold. Taking the interface where the molten metal contacts the inner wall of the mold as the object, calculate the interface heat transfer data based on the temperature difference at the moment of contact.

[0006] Step S2: Calculate the local solidification rate of the mold interface based on the interface heat transfer data, and determine the gas discharge capacity in combination with the gas discharge path in the mold; correct the degree of sealing of the gas discharge path by the local solidification rate to obtain the interface sealing value, and determine the solidification shrinkage trend value of the casting based on the interface sealing value.

[0007] Step S3: Monitor the amount of residual gas based on the interface sealing degree value, and determine the surface shrinkage compensation capacity by combining the solidification shrinkage trend value of the casting. Determine the defect expansion degree value by matching the amount of residual gas with the surface shrinkage compensation capacity.

[0008] Step S4: Write the interface closure value and defect expansion value into the MES batch process record. When the casting quality inspection is abnormal, the corresponding process step is located in reverse according to the defect expansion value.

[0009] This invention also provides a MES-based casting production quality and safety control traceability system for executing the MES-based casting production quality and safety control traceability method described above. The MES-based casting production quality and safety control traceability system includes:

[0010] The interface heat transfer calculation module is used to collect the temperature values ​​of the molten metal and the inner wall of the mold during the casting melting and pouring process. Taking the interface where the molten metal contacts the inner wall of the mold as the object, it calculates the interface heat transfer data based on the temperature difference at the moment of contact.

[0011] The casting solidification shrinkage trend determination module is used to calculate the local solidification rate of the mold interface based on the interface heat transfer data, and determine the gas discharge capacity in combination with the gas discharge path in the mold; the degree of closure of the gas discharge path is corrected by the local solidification rate to obtain the interface closure value, and the casting solidification shrinkage trend value is determined based on the interface closure value.

[0012] The defect propagation determination module is used to monitor the amount of residual gas based on the interface sealing degree value, and determine the surface shrinkage compensation capacity by combining the solidification shrinkage trend value of the casting. The defect propagation degree value is determined by the matching relationship between the amount of residual gas and the surface shrinkage compensation capacity.

[0013] The quality inspection module is used to write the interface closure degree value and the defect expansion degree value into the MES batch process record. When the casting quality inspection is abnormal, the corresponding process step is located in reverse according to the defect expansion degree value.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: By simultaneously collecting the temperature values ​​of the molten metal and the inner wall of the mold at the pouring station, and taking the mold interface as the analysis object, the traditional overall temperature monitoring is refined to the interface level. This transforms the acquisition of temperature difference from a macroscopic state to a transient response under the actual contact state of the interface, thus directly reflecting the actual heat exchange conditions between the molten metal and the mold. Furthermore, by combining the instantaneous temperature difference at contact to calculate the interface heat exchange data, the heat exchange process no longer relies on empirical parameters or overall thermal balance estimation, but rather forms a spatially targeted heat exchange characterization based on the mold contact behavior. The interface heat exchange data obtained thereby can accurately characterize local cooling differences and potential abnormal heat exchange areas, providing highly reliable basic data for subsequent solidification rate calculation and exhaust path closure analysis. At the same time, it enhances the ability to identify the formation mechanism of early defects in castings and improves the data effectiveness and positioning accuracy when performing quality traceability based on MES. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps of a MES-based traceability method for quality and safety control in casting production.

[0016] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of a casting production quality and safety control traceability system based on MES.

[0017] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of a casting production mold;

[0018] The realization of the objective, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical method of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Furthermore, the accompanying drawings are merely illustrative of the invention and are not necessarily drawn to scale. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar parts, and therefore repeated descriptions of them will be omitted. Some block diagrams shown in the drawings are functional entities and do not necessarily correspond to physically or logically independent entities. These functional entities can be implemented in software, in one or more hardware modules or integrated circuits, or in different network and / or processor methods and / or microcontroller methods.

[0021] It should be understood that although the terms "first," "second," etc., may be used herein to describe various units, these units should not be limited by these terms. These terms are used merely to distinguish one unit from another. For example, without departing from the scope of the exemplary embodiments, a first unit may be referred to as a second unit, and similarly, a second unit may be referred to as a first unit. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0022] To achieve the above objectives, please refer to Figures 1 to 3 A method for traceability of casting production quality and safety control based on MES includes the following steps:

[0023] All specific values ​​involved in this embodiment are exemplary parameters used to clearly illustrate the technical operation process and are not the only limitation of the present invention.

[0024] Step S1: During the casting melting and pouring process, collect the temperature values ​​of the molten metal and the inner wall of the mold. Taking the interface where the molten metal contacts the inner wall of the mold as the object, calculate the interface heat transfer data based on the temperature difference at the moment of contact.

[0025] Step S2: Calculate the local solidification rate of the mold interface based on the interface heat transfer data, and determine the gas discharge capacity in combination with the gas discharge path in the mold; correct the degree of sealing of the gas discharge path by the local solidification rate to obtain the interface sealing value, and determine the solidification shrinkage trend value of the casting based on the interface sealing value.

[0026] Step S3: Monitor the amount of residual gas based on the interface sealing degree value, and determine the surface shrinkage compensation capacity by combining the solidification shrinkage trend value of the casting. Determine the defect expansion degree value by matching the amount of residual gas with the surface shrinkage compensation capacity.

[0027] Step S4: Write the interface closure value and defect expansion value into the MES batch process record. When the casting quality inspection is abnormal, the corresponding process step is located in reverse according to the defect expansion value.

[0028] In one embodiment, a molten metal temperature acquisition unit is set at the pouring station, and a temperature acquisition unit is embedded in the inner wall of the mold to simultaneously acquire the molten metal temperature value and the inner wall temperature value of the mold. Based on the mold cavity structure, the mold interface is divided into multiple discrete units, and the actual contact position of each discrete unit is determined according to the molten metal filling process. The corresponding molten metal temperature value and inner wall temperature value of the mold are extracted at each discrete unit, and the difference between the two is calculated to form an initial temperature difference. The initial temperature difference is corrected based on the tightness of the mold contact to obtain interface heat transfer data.

[0029] The heat transfer intensity distribution of the mold interface is constructed based on the interfacial heat transfer data, and the solidification initiation boundary is determined by the location of abrupt changes in heat transfer intensity. The solidification region is formed by expanding along the solidification initiation boundary, and the local solidification rate is calculated based on the heat release. At the same time, a gas discharge path model is established based on the mold exhaust structure, and the gas flow resistance is calculated to obtain the initial gas discharge capacity. The local solidification rate is mapped to the solidification front advancement process. Based on the shielding of the gas discharge path by the solidification front, the gas discharge capacity is compressed and corrected to obtain the interface closure value. The volume shrinkage change is calculated in combination with the solidification region distribution, and the solidification shrinkage trend value is determined under the interface closure constraint.

[0030] The location of the gas discharge path is determined based on the interface sealing degree value, and the gas retention amount is calculated in combination with the remaining flow capacity to obtain the gas residue amount; the shrinkage demand distribution of the molding interface is determined based on the solidification shrinkage trend value, and the compensation capacity of the surface molten metal to the shrinkage area is calculated in combination with the molten metal flow capacity to obtain the surface shrinkage compensation capacity; the gas residue amount is converted into the gas-occupied volume component, and the surface shrinkage compensation capacity is converted into the metal shrinkage volume component, and a volume occupation comparison relationship is established at the molding interface; the degree of shrinkage restriction is determined based on the compression relationship between the two, and the defect expansion degree value is determined based on the local volume difference value.

[0031] The interface closure degree value and defect expansion degree value are written into the MES batch process record and associated with the corresponding casting parameters and mold number. After the casting completes quality inspection, if a defect is detected, the corresponding batch record is retrieved, the interface closure state is located according to the defect expansion degree value, and further associated with the heat exchange and exhaust process links to realize the defect source location.

[0032] In another embodiment, the metal liquid temperature acquisition frequency is set to 50Hz, and 32 temperature acquisition points are arranged on the inner wall of the mold. The mold interface is divided into 100 discrete units, the metal liquid temperature range is 1450℃~1520℃, and the mold inner wall temperature range is 200℃~350℃. The calculated interface temperature difference range is 1100℃~1250℃. A correction coefficient of 0.6 is introduced in the local incomplete bonding area to form the interface heat transfer data distribution.

[0033] The heat transfer intensity distribution was divided into 100 units, and 15 units with abrupt changes in heat transfer intensity were identified as solidification initiation boundaries. The local solidification rate ranged from 0.8 mm / s to 2.5 mm / s. There were 6 venting paths in the mold, with an initial gas venting capacity of 0.02 m³ / s. After the solidification front advanced, the effective flow cross section was reduced by 40%, and the corrected gas venting capacity was 0.012 m³ / s, corresponding to an interface closure value of 0.65. The calculated volume shrinkage change ranged from 1.5% to 3.2%, forming a solidification shrinkage trend value distribution.

[0034] The residual gas content ranges from 0.5 cm³ to 2.0 cm³, and the surface shrinkage compensation capacity corresponds to a shrinkage volume of 0.8 cm³ to 1.5 cm³. In some areas, the gas accounts for 80% of the shrinkage volume, resulting in significant shrinkage limitation. The calculated shrinkage limitation area accounts for 25%, corresponding to a defect expansion degree value of 0.7. Porosity or shrinkage defects are easily formed in this area.

[0035] The interface sealing degree value (0.3~0.8) and defect expansion degree value (0.2~0.9) of each batch of castings are stored in the MES system. When the defect rate of a certain batch is found to reach 12%, the corresponding records are retrieved and the defect expansion degree value is found to be concentrated above 0.75. Further, the problem is located to the area of ​​blocked exhaust path and abnormal local heat exchange intensity, thus determining that the problem comes from the abnormal exhaust structure of the mold.

[0036] Please refer to [link / reference needed] for further information. Figure 3 It presents the interface state between molten metal and the inner wall of the mold. Molten metal fills the mold cavity and clearly shows the contact state of the interface, the local solidification process and the mold gas discharge path. It can be used to demonstrate the effect of local solidification rate on the sealing correction of the venting path and the effect of interface sealing degree on the amount of residual gas.

[0037] Of particular importance, step S1 includes:

[0038] The initial temperature difference distribution at each position of the mold interface is determined based on the temperature values ​​of the molten metal and the inner wall of the mold, and the actual contact section and delayed contact section formed during the molten metal spreading process are identified to form the interface contact state distribution.

[0039] Based on the interface contact state distribution, the initial temperature difference distribution is corrected by contact correction. The initial temperature difference is retained in the actual contact section, and the contact hysteresis effect is introduced in the delayed contact section to attenuate the temperature difference, thus obtaining the corrected temperature difference distribution.

[0040] By combining the corrected temperature difference distribution with the contact tightness of the mold interface, the interface heat transfer capacity is decomposed into a corresponding interface heat transfer intensity distribution.

[0041] The heat transfer process at the bonding interface is integrated and calculated based on the interface heat transfer intensity distribution to obtain interface heat transfer data.

[0042] In one embodiment, after acquiring the temperature values ​​of the molten metal and the inner wall of the mold, an initial temperature difference distribution is established based on the discrete units of the mold interface. Combined with the spreading trajectory of the molten metal within the cavity, areas that preferentially fill and form continuous adhesion are identified as actual contact sections, while areas with gas retention or molten metal backfilling are identified as delayed contact sections, forming an interface contact state distribution. Based on this, the initial temperature difference distribution is corrected by maintaining the initial temperature difference in the actual contact sections and introducing contact hysteresis in the delayed contact sections. Temperature difference attenuation is achieved by reducing the effective temperature transfer ratio, resulting in a corrected temperature difference distribution. Furthermore, considering the contact tightness of the mold interface, the corrected temperature difference distribution is mapped to the interface heat transfer capacity, distinguishing the heat transfer paths under different contact states and forming corresponding interface heat transfer intensity distributions. Finally, the interface heat transfer intensity distributions are integrated as a whole, and the heat exchange level of the mold interface is calculated to obtain interface heat transfer data.

[0043] In another embodiment, the molding interface is divided into 120 discrete units, with the molten metal temperature ranging from 1480℃ to 1510℃, the mold inner wall temperature ranging from 220℃ to 320℃, and the initial temperature difference distribution ranging from 1160℃ to 1290℃. Based on the filling sequence, 70 actual contact sections and 50 delayed contact sections are identified. A temperature difference attenuation coefficient of 0.5 to 0.7 is introduced into the delayed contact sections to obtain a corrected temperature difference distribution of 600℃ to 1200℃. The heat transfer capacity is decomposed using a contact tightness coefficient (0.6 to 1.0) to form an interface heat transfer intensity distribution, the range of which is... Integrated calculations were performed on all discrete units, yielding interface heat transfer data of 1.2 × 10⁻⁶. 6 ~2.8×10 6 .

[0044] Preferably, step S2 includes:

[0045] Based on the interfacial heat transfer data, the differences in interfacial heat transfer intensity distribution at the bonding interface are extracted, the spatial distribution of the solidification region is determined, and the local solidification rate is calculated.

[0046] Collect the structural parameters and connectivity of the gas discharge path in the mold, and calculate the flow resistance of the gas in the discharge path to obtain the initial gas discharge capacity;

[0047] The gas discharge capacity is compressed and corrected by the local solidification rate to determine the shielding range of the solidification front of the casting on the discharge path, and the interface sealing value is obtained.

[0048] Based on the local solidification rate and spatial distribution, the volume shrinkage change of the casting at the mold interface is calculated, and the solidification shrinkage trend value of the casting is determined in combination with the degree of interface closure.

[0049] In one embodiment, after obtaining the interfacial heat transfer data, the heat transfer intensity of each discrete unit of the mold interface is compared and analyzed to extract the differences in heat transfer intensity distribution. Based on the heat transfer intensity gradient, the preferential cooling region is determined as the solidification initiation region, which expands along the direction of decreasing heat transfer intensity to form the spatial distribution of the solidification region. The local solidification rate is calculated based on the heat release rate within the solidification region. Simultaneously, the structural parameters and connectivity of the gas discharge path in the mold are collected to establish a flow channel model of the discharge path. The gas flow resistance is calculated based on the channel cross-sectional change and path length to obtain the initial gas discharge capacity. Furthermore, the local solidification rate is mapped to the solidification front advancement behavior. Based on the coverage of the solidification front on the discharge path, the initial gas discharge capacity is compressed and corrected to determine the effective flow range of the discharge path and obtain the interface closure value. On this basis, the volume shrinkage change of the mold interface is calculated in combination with the spatial distribution of the solidification region, and the shrinkage release path is restricted under the interface closure constraint to determine the solidification shrinkage trend value of the casting.

[0050] In another embodiment, the interfacial heat transfer data is divided into 120 discrete units, with heat transfer intensity ranging from 8 × 10³ to 2.5 × 10³. 4W / m², of which 20 high-strength units were identified as the solidification initiation region, and expanded to form a solidification region accounting for approximately 35%; the calculated local solidification rate was 0.9 mm / s to 2.8 mm / s; the mold exhaust path was set to 5, with a path length of 80 mm to 150 mm and a channel cross-section of 3 mm² to 10 mm², and the calculated gas flow resistance was 120 Pa to 350 Pa, corresponding to an initial gas exhaust capacity of 0.015 m³ / s to 0.028 m³ / s; during the advancement of the solidification front, the effective flow cross-section decreased by 30% to 60%, and after compression correction, the gas exhaust capacity decreased to 0.006 m³ / s to 0.018 m³ / s, corresponding to an interface closure degree of 0.55 to 0.78; further calculations showed that the volume shrinkage change at the mold interface was 1.8% to 3.5%, and a solidification shrinkage trend value distribution was formed under the constraint of the interface closure degree, with the area with a higher closure degree showing a shrinkage concentration trend.

[0051] Preferably, the process of extracting the differences in interfacial heat transfer intensity distribution at the bonding interface based on interfacial heat transfer data, determining the spatial distribution of the solidification region, and calculating the local solidification rate includes:

[0052] Extract the interface heat transfer intensity value of the bonding interface from the interface heat transfer data, and perform discrete mapping according to spatial location to form the heat transfer intensity distribution data of the bonding interface.

[0053] Gradient calculations are performed on the heat transfer intensity distribution data to determine the locations of abrupt changes in heat transfer intensity, and these locations are used as the solidification initiation boundaries.

[0054] The spatial coverage of the solidification region is determined by extending the analysis along the solidification initiation boundary to the surrounding area.

[0055] The heat release value is calculated based on the interfacial heat transfer intensity value within the spatial coverage area, and the local solidification rate is determined based on the heat release value within the spatial coverage area.

[0056] In one embodiment, after obtaining the interface heat transfer data, the interface heat transfer intensity values ​​of each discrete unit of the template interface are extracted and discretely mapped according to the spatial positional relationship of the template interface to form heat transfer intensity distribution data with spatial correspondence. On this basis, gradient calculation is performed on the heat transfer intensity distribution data, and the location of heat transfer intensity abrupt change is determined by identifying the heat transfer intensity variation amplitude between adjacent discrete units, and the location of heat transfer intensity abrupt change is used as the solidification initiation boundary. Based on the solidification initiation boundary, the surrounding area is expanded along the heat transfer intensity decreasing direction, and the areas that continuously meet the heat transfer intensity decay characteristics are merged to determine the spatial coverage of the solidification area. The interface heat transfer intensity value is further extracted within the spatial coverage area, and the corresponding heat release value is calculated in combination with the heat-receiving area of ​​each discrete unit. The heat release value within the spatial coverage area is summarized and distributed, and the local solidification rate is determined based on the heat release rate.

[0057] In another embodiment, the bonding interface is divided into 100 discrete units, with the interfacial heat transfer intensity ranging from 9 × 10³ to 2.3 × 10³. 4 W / m²; the heat transfer intensity gradient was calculated by the difference between adjacent elements. When the gradient exceeded 5×10³ W / m², it was identified as an abrupt change location. A total of 18 abrupt changes in heat transfer intensity were identified, forming the solidification initiation boundary. The solidification region, consisting of approximately 40 discrete elements, expanded outwards along the boundary, covering about 33% of the molded interface. Within this spatial coverage area, the heated area of ​​each element was 10mm² to 25mm², and the calculated heat release value per element was 90J to 520J, with a total heat release value of approximately 1.8×10³ W / m². 4 J; Based on the heat release rate distribution, the local solidification rate was calculated to be 1.1 mm / s to 2.6 mm / s, with the area with higher heat transfer intensity corresponding to a larger solidification rate.

[0058] Preferably, performing gradient calculations on the heat transfer intensity distribution data to determine the locations of abrupt changes in heat transfer intensity, and using these locations as the solidification initiation boundaries, includes:

[0059] The heat intensity distribution data is divided into neighborhoods according to the spatial location of the template interface. The heat transfer intensity difference between each neighborhood is calculated to form the corresponding heat transfer intensity gradient sequence.

[0060] Determine the continuity of the heat transfer intensity gradient sequence, screen out the sections with abrupt gradient increases, and mark the sections with abrupt gradient increases as heat transfer intensity abrupt change regions;

[0061] The boundary of the region of abrupt change in heat transfer intensity is taken as the solidification initiation boundary, and the solidification initiation direction is determined by combining the heat transfer intensity difference on both sides of the boundary.

[0062] In one embodiment, after obtaining the heat transfer intensity distribution data, the discrete units are divided into neighborhoods according to the spatial topology of the bonding interface, and a corresponding heat transfer intensity gradient sequence is constructed based on the heat transfer intensity difference between adjacent discrete units. In the gradient sequence, the continuity of the change trend of adjacent gradient values ​​is determined. By identifying the segments where the gradient value rises continuously and the change amplitude exceeds the local average level, the segments with a sudden increase in gradient are selected, and the discrete unit set corresponding to the segment is marked as the heat transfer intensity abrupt change region. The outer boundary of the heat transfer intensity abrupt change region is further extracted, and the outer boundary is used as the solidification initiation boundary. At the same time, the heat transfer intensity values ​​on both sides of the boundary are compared and analyzed. Based on the characteristic that the side with high heat transfer intensity dissipates heat preferentially, the solidification initiation direction is determined to be from the high heat transfer intensity side to the low heat transfer intensity side.

[0063] In another embodiment, the bonding interface is divided into 100 discrete units, each unit forming a neighborhood with its four surrounding adjacent units, and the heat transfer intensity ranges from 1.0 × 10⁻⁶. 4 ~2.4×10 4 W / m²; Calculate the difference between adjacent elements to form a gradient sequence. When the gradient value shows an upward trend for three consecutive elements and the single increase exceeds 3×10³ W / m², it is determined to be a gradient abrupt increase segment. A total of 12 gradient abrupt increase segments were selected, corresponding to heat transfer intensity abrupt change regions of 15 discrete elements. The boundary of this abrupt change region is extracted as the solidification initiation boundary, and the difference in heat transfer intensity on both sides of the boundary is compared. The average heat transfer intensity on the high heat transfer side is 2.2×10³ W / m². 4 W / m², with an average of 1.3×10⁻⁶ on the low heat exchange side. 4 W / m², based on which the direction of solidification initiation is determined to be from the region of high heat transfer intensity to the region of low heat transfer intensity.

[0064] Preferably, calculating the heat release value based on the interfacial heat transfer intensity value within the spatial coverage area, and determining the local solidification rate based on the heat release value within the spatial coverage area includes:

[0065] The interfacial heat transfer intensity values ​​at each location within the spatial coverage area are extracted, and combined with the degree of contact between the molten metal and the mold interface, the heat transfer flux per unit area at the interface is determined, and the corresponding heat release value is formed.

[0066] Based on the phase transformation characteristics during the solidification process of molten metal, the heat release value is decomposed to determine the effective heat release portion that participates in the solidification phase transformation;

[0067] Based on the correspondence between the effective heat release portion and the propulsion of molten metal solidification, the distribution of molten metal solidification drive is formed;

[0068] Based on the solidification drive distribution of molten metal, the solidification rate at each location is determined, and the local solidification rate is corrected for consistency by taking into account the solidification rate difference between adjacent locations, and the local solidification rate is output.

[0069] In one embodiment, after determining the spatial coverage of the solidification region, the interfacial heat transfer intensity value of each discrete unit within the spatial coverage is extracted. Combined with the degree of contact between the molten metal and the mold interface, the heat transfer intensity is effectively corrected to obtain the heat transfer flux per unit area at the interface, and the heat release value corresponding to each discrete unit is calculated accordingly. Based on this, according to the latent heat of phase change during the molten metal solidification process, the heat release value is decomposed, dividing the total heat release into sensible heat release and latent heat release, and the effective heat release portion participating in the solid-liquid phase change is extracted. Furthermore, based on the spatial distribution of the effective heat release portion, it is mapped to the driving force of the molten metal's transition to the solid phase, forming a molten metal solidification driving distribution. Finally, based on the solidification driving distribution, the initial solidification rate of each discrete unit is determined, and combined with the difference in solidification rate between adjacent discrete units, a smoothing correction is performed on regions with abrupt changes, ensuring that the local solidification rate remains spatially continuous, and the local solidification rate is output.

[0070] In another embodiment, 50 discrete units are selected within the spatial coverage area, and the interfacial heat transfer intensity value ranges from 1.2 × 10⁻⁶. 4 ~2.2×10 4 With a heat transfer coefficient of W / m² and a contact tightness coefficient of 0.7–1.0, the calculated heat transfer flux per unit area is 8.4 × 10³–2.2 × 10³. 4 W / m², corresponding to a unit heat release value of 120J~480J; based on the latent heat parameter of molten metal (approximately 2.5×10⁻⁶ W / m²), 5 The heat release value (J / kg) is decomposed to obtain an effective heat release portion of 55%–75%. Based on the effective heat release portion, a solidification driving distribution is formed, with a spatial difference coefficient of approximately 0.3–0.6. The initial solidification rate is calculated to be 1.0 mm / s–2.4 mm / s. For regions where the solidification rate difference between adjacent units exceeds 0.8 mm / s, a consistency correction is performed, and the local solidification rate range after correction is 1.2 mm / s–2.1 mm / s, ensuring a stable spatial transition in the solidification process.

[0071] Preferably, the interfacial heat transfer intensity value at each location within the spatial coverage area is extracted, and combined with the degree of contact between the molten metal and the mold interface, the heat transfer flux per unit area at the interface is determined, forming the corresponding heat release value, including:

[0072] Based on the interfacial heat transfer intensity value, the actual contact area at each position of the bonding interface is identified, and the incomplete bonding area is divided into gap area, forming the distribution relationship between the contact area and the gap area.

[0073] The effective heat conduction area at each location is calculated based on the distribution relationship between the contact area and the gap area. The gas insulation effect is introduced into the gap area to attenuate and correct the interface heat transfer intensity value, thus obtaining the corrected heat transfer intensity value.

[0074] The heat flux distribution per unit area at the interface is determined based on the corrected heat transfer intensity value and the effective heat conduction area.

[0075] The heat output at the interface is integrated based on the heat transfer flux distribution to form the heat release value corresponding to the spatial coverage area.

[0076] In one embodiment, the interfacial heat transfer intensity value of each discrete unit is extracted within the spatial coverage area. Based on the heat transfer intensity distribution, the bonding state between the molten metal and the mold interface is identified. Units with continuous heat transfer intensity in the high value range are classified as contact regions, while units with fluctuating or significantly low heat transfer intensity are classified as gap regions, forming a distribution relationship between contact and gap regions. Based on this, the effective heat conduction area of ​​each discrete unit is calculated according to the distribution relationship between contact and gap regions. Gas insulation is introduced into the gap regions to attenuate and correct the interfacial heat transfer intensity value by reducing its heat transfer intensity participation ratio, resulting in a corrected heat transfer intensity value. Further, based on the corrected heat transfer intensity value and the effective heat conduction area, the heat transfer flux distribution per unit area at the interface is calculated. Finally, the heat transfer flux distribution is integrated within the spatial coverage area to obtain the corresponding heat release value.

[0077] In another embodiment, 80 discrete units are selected within the spatial coverage area, and the interfacial heat transfer intensity value ranges from 1.1 × 10⁻⁶. 4 ~2.3×10 4 W / m², of which 50 contact area units and 30 gap area units were identified; gas insulation coefficient of 0.4 to 0.7 was introduced into the gap area to attenuate the heat transfer intensity, resulting in a corrected heat transfer intensity value of 5.0 × 10³ to 2.3 × 10³. 4 W / m²; the effective heat conduction area of ​​each discrete unit is 12mm² to 28mm², with the effective heat conduction area decreasing by approximately 20% to 45% in the gap region; based on this, the heat transfer flux per unit area is calculated to be 6.0×10³ to 2.0×10³. 4 W / m²; Integrating the heat transfer flux of all discrete units yields a total heat release value of 1.5 × 10⁻⁶ W / m². 4 J~3.2×10 4 J.

[0078] Preferably, the volume shrinkage change of the casting at the mold interface is calculated based on the local solidification rate and spatial distribution, and the solidification shrinkage trend value of the casting is determined in conjunction with the degree of interface closure, including:

[0079] Based on the local solidification rate and its spatial distribution, the solidification propagation difference at each location of the mold interface is determined, and the volume shrinkage change at the corresponding location is calculated based on the solidification propagation difference to form the volume shrinkage change distribution.

[0080] Based on the volume shrinkage change distribution, the locations where the cumulative shrinkage degree is higher than the preset threshold are identified, and the shrinkage concentration distribution state of the bonding interface is determined by the cumulative shrinkage degree.

[0081] By combining the influence of the interface closure degree on the bonding interface, the situation of shrinkage transmission obstruction in the state of concentrated shrinkage distribution is determined, and the corresponding shrinkage restriction degree is formed.

[0082] Based on the correspondence between the degree of shrinkage restriction and the distribution of volume shrinkage change, the solidification shrinkage trend value of the casting at the mold interface is determined.

[0083] In one embodiment, after obtaining the local solidification rate and its spatial distribution, the solidification rate of each discrete unit at the mold interface is compared and analyzed to determine the solidification propagation difference between different locations. Based on the solidification propagation difference, the volume shrinkage change of each discrete unit is derived to form a volume shrinkage change distribution. On this basis, the volume shrinkage change distribution is cumulatively analyzed to identify areas where shrinkage changes continuously overlap and exceed the local average level. These areas are identified as locations with a high degree of shrinkage accumulation, and a concentrated shrinkage distribution state at the mold interface is formed accordingly. Furthermore, combined with the degree of interface closure, the compensation path in the concentrated shrinkage distribution state is constrained to determine the obstruction of the release of shrinkage volume to the surrounding area, forming the corresponding degree of shrinkage restriction. Finally, based on the matching relationship between the degree of shrinkage restriction and the volume shrinkage change distribution, areas where shrinkage cannot be effectively released are reinforced and marked to determine the solidification shrinkage trend value of the casting at the mold interface.

[0084] In another embodiment, 60 discrete units are selected at the molding interface, with local solidification rates ranging from 1.1 mm / s to 2.3 mm / s, where the maximum difference in solidification rate between adjacent units reaches 1.0 mm / s. Based on the solidification propagation difference, the volume shrinkage change is calculated to be 1.5% to 3.8%, forming a volume shrinkage change distribution. A shrinkage accumulation threshold of 3.0% is set, identifying 15 discrete units constituting a shrinkage concentration region, accounting for approximately 25%. Under the constraint of an interface closure degree of 0.6 to 0.8, the effective shrinkage compensation path in the shrinkage concentration region is reduced by 40% to 65%, corresponding to a shrinkage restriction degree of 0.55 to 0.75. Combining the volume shrinkage change distribution, in areas with a high degree of shrinkage restriction and a shrinkage change exceeding the threshold, a solidification shrinkage trend value of 0.7 or higher is determined, indicating that there is a significant shrinkage concentration development trend in this area.

[0085] Preferably, step S3 includes:

[0086] The gas retention state at the bonding interface is determined based on the interface sealing degree value, and the corresponding gas residue is calculated based on the degree of interface sealing and the blocking effect on the gas exhaust path.

[0087] By combining the solidification shrinkage trend value of the casting, the shrinkage demand distribution at each position of the mold interface is determined, and the compensation capacity of the surface molten metal to the shrinkage area is calculated based on the shrinkage demand distribution, thus forming the surface shrinkage compensation capacity distribution.

[0088] Based on the correspondence between the amount of residual gas and the surface shrinkage compensation capacity at the bonding interface, the competitive state between the space occupied by gas and the shrinkage compensation space is determined, thus forming a constraint relationship for defect formation.

[0089] The degree of defect expansion is determined based on the matching degree between the residual gas amount and the surface shrinkage compensation capacity in the defect formation constraint relationship.

[0090] In one embodiment, after obtaining the interface closure degree value, the connectivity of the exhaust path of each discrete unit of the molding interface is determined based on the interface closure degree, the location of the exhaust channel being restricted or interrupted is identified, and the gas stagnation state is determined accordingly. On this basis, the gas residue of each discrete unit is calculated by combining the degree of blockage of the exhaust path and the remaining flow capacity. Furthermore, the shrinkage demand distribution at each position of the molding interface is extracted by combining the solidification shrinkage trend value of the casting, and the shrinkage demand is converted into the corresponding surface shrinkage compensation capacity distribution according to the flow supply capacity of the molten metal on the surface. Within the same molding interface, the gas residue is mapped to the gas-occupied space, and the surface shrinkage compensation capacity is mapped to the available shrinkage space, establishing the correspondence between the two in spatial position. The overlap and repulsion state between the gas-occupied space and the available shrinkage space are analyzed to form a defect formation constraint relationship. Finally, based on the matching degree between the gas residue and the surface shrinkage compensation capacity, the area where shrinkage is blocked and gas occupancy is dominant is strengthened and characterized to determine the defect expansion degree value.

[0091] In another embodiment, 70 discrete units are selected at the bonding interface, with an interface closure value ranging from 0.55 to 0.82. Approximately 30 units have partial blockage of the exhaust path, and 10 units are completely blocked, corresponding to a gas residue of 0.6 cm³ to 2.3 cm³. Combined with the solidification shrinkage trend value (0.5 to 0.85), the compensation volume corresponding to the shrinkage demand distribution is calculated to be 0.9 cm³ to 1.8 cm³, forming a surface shrinkage compensation capacity distribution. After spatial mapping, in approximately 20 discrete units, the gas occupies more than 70% of the available compensation space, forming a significant spatial competition relationship. Within this competition area, the compression ratio of the compensation channel reaches 50% to 75%, forming a defect formation constraint relationship. Based on the matching degree between the gas residue and the surface shrinkage compensation capacity, the defect expansion degree value is calculated to be 0.65 to 0.9, where the more significant the mismatch, the higher the defect expansion degree value.

[0092] Preferably, based on the correspondence between the amount of residual gas and the surface shrinkage compensation capacity at the molding interface, the competitive state between the space occupied by gas and the shrinkage compensation space is determined, forming a defect formation constraint relationship, including:

[0093] The residual gas amount is mapped to the gas volume component at each position of the molding interface, and the surface shrinkage compensation capability is converted into the metal shrinkage volume component at the corresponding position, thus establishing a volume occupancy comparison relationship at the same position.

[0094] In the volume occupancy comparison relationship, the compression ratio of the gas-occupied volume component to the metal-feeding volume component is calculated, and the effective opening degree of the feeding channel is determined based on the compression ratio to obtain the feeding restriction degree.

[0095] The feeding flow path of the molten metal at the mold interface is cut off based on the degree of feeding restriction, the feeding termination position and its inward extension range are determined, and a spatially restricted distribution is formed.

[0096] Based on the remaining difference between the volume component occupied by gas and the volume component compensated by metal in a spatially confined distribution, the conditions for the formation of local voids are determined, and the conditions for the formation of local voids are correlated with the defect expansion degree value to form a defect formation constraint relationship.

[0097] In one embodiment, after obtaining the residual gas amount and surface shrinkage compensation capability, the residual gas amount is mapped to the gas-occupied volume component at the corresponding position according to the discrete unit of the bonding interface, and the surface shrinkage compensation capability is converted into the metal shrinkage volume component at the same position, thereby establishing a volume occupancy comparison relationship under a unified spatial position; in the volume occupancy comparison relationship, the ratio of the gas-occupied volume component to the metal shrinkage volume component is calculated to obtain the compression ratio of the gas on the shrinkage space, and the flow capacity of the shrinkage channel is reduced according to the compression ratio to determine the effective opening degree of the shrinkage channel, forming the shrinkage confinement range. Based on this, the feeding flow path of the molten metal within the mold interface is analyzed segment by segment according to the degree of feeding restriction. When the channel openness is lower than the condition for maintaining continuous feeding, the position is determined as the feeding termination position, and its influence range is traced inward along the solidification direction to form a spatially restricted distribution. Further, within the spatially restricted distribution, the remaining difference between the gas-occupied volume component and the metal feeding volume component is calculated. When the gas occupancy is continuously greater than the feeding capacity, it is determined that the local void formation condition is met, and the void formation condition is correlated and mapped with the defect expansion degree value to form a defect formation constraint relationship.

[0098] In another embodiment, 80 discrete units are selected at the bonding interface. The residual gas volume is mapped to a gas-occupied volume component of 0.5 cm³ to 2.5 cm³, corresponding to a metal compensation volume component of 0.8 cm³ to 2.0 cm³. The compression ratio is calculated to be 0.4 to 1.2 in the volume comparison relationship. When the compression ratio is greater than 0.8, the effective openness of the compensation channel decreases to below 50%, corresponding to a compensation restriction degree of 0.6 to 0.85. In the compensation path analysis, 18 compensation termination positions are identified, and their influence range extends inward by 2 mm to 8 mm, forming a spatially restricted distribution area. In this area, the gas-occupied volume component of about 12 discrete units is consistently higher than that of the metal compensation volume component, with a remaining difference of 0.3 cm³ to 1.1 cm³, which satisfies the local void formation condition. Based on the correspondence between void formation conditions and defect development, the defect expansion degree value is determined to be 0.7 to 0.92, where the larger the difference, the higher the corresponding defect expansion degree value.

[0099] Of particular importance is the use of local solidification rate to compress and correct the gas venting capacity, determining the shielding range of the casting solidification front on the venting path, and obtaining the interface sealing value, including:

[0100] The local solidification rate is mapped to the solidification front advance velocity, and the solidification front distribution is established according to spatial location;

[0101] Based on the spatial relationship between the solidification front distribution and the gas discharge path, the contact section between the solidification front and the gas discharge path is determined.

[0102] Dynamic compression calculations are performed on the contact section based on the solidification front advance velocity to determine the effective flow cross-section change of the gas discharge path.

[0103] The change in effective flow cross section is mapped to the attenuation of gas discharge capacity, and then corrected in combination with the initial gas discharge capacity to obtain the interface sealing degree value.

[0104] In one embodiment, after obtaining the local solidification rate, the solidification rate of each discrete unit is mapped to the solidification front advance speed at the corresponding position, and the solidification front distribution is constructed according to the spatial distribution relationship of the mold interface. On this basis, the solidification front distribution is matched with the spatial position of the gas discharge path in the mold, and the areas where the solidification front and the discharge path overlap or approach each other are identified, and the contact section of the solidification front and the gas discharge path is determined. Furthermore, based on the solidification front advance speed, the flow space of the discharge path in the contact section is dynamically compressed and analyzed. As the solidification front advances, the effective flow cross section of the discharge path is gradually reduced, and the change process of the flow cross section is obtained. On this basis, the change of the effective flow cross section is mapped to the attenuation of the gas discharge capacity, and it is corrected in combination with the initial gas discharge capacity to obtain the interface closure degree value reflecting the degree of gas exhaust obstruction.

[0105] In another embodiment, 60 discrete units are selected at the molding interface, with a local solidification rate ranging from 1.0 mm / s to 2.6 mm / s, corresponding to a solidification front advancement speed of 1.0 mm / s to 2.6 mm / s, forming a solidification front distribution covering approximately 40% of the area. Four gas discharge paths are set in the mold, with an initial channel cross-section of 5 mm² to 12 mm². Through spatial matching, three of these paths are identified as having solidification front contact sections with contact lengths ranging from 10 mm to 35 mm. During the advancement of the solidification front, the effective flow cross-section of the contact section gradually decreases by 30% to 70%, corresponding to a decrease in gas discharge capacity from the initial 0.02 m³ / s to 0.006 m³ / s to 0.014 m³ / s. Based on the discharge capacity attenuation ratio, the interface closure degree value is calculated to be 0.6 to 0.85, where the more significant the reduction in flow cross-section, the higher the corresponding interface closure degree value.

[0106] This invention also provides a MES-based casting production quality and safety control traceability system for executing the MES-based casting production quality and safety control traceability method described above. The MES-based casting production quality and safety control traceability system includes:

[0107] The interface heat transfer calculation module 101 is used to collect the temperature values ​​of the molten metal and the inner wall of the mold during the casting melting and pouring process. Taking the interface where the molten metal contacts the inner wall of the mold as the object, the interface heat transfer data is calculated based on the temperature difference at the moment of contact.

[0108] The casting solidification shrinkage trend determination module 102 is used to calculate the local solidification rate of the mold interface based on the interface heat transfer data, and determine the gas discharge capacity in combination with the gas discharge path in the mold; the degree of closure of the gas discharge path is corrected by the local solidification rate to obtain the interface closure value, and the casting solidification shrinkage trend value is determined based on the interface closure value.

[0109] The defect propagation determination module 103 is used to monitor the amount of residual gas based on the interface sealing degree value, and determine the surface shrinkage compensation capacity by combining the solidification shrinkage trend value of the casting. The defect propagation degree value is determined by the matching relationship between the amount of residual gas and the surface shrinkage compensation capacity.

[0110] The quality inspection module 104 is used to write the interface closure degree value and the defect expansion degree value into the MES batch process record. When the casting quality inspection is abnormal, the corresponding process step is located in reverse according to the defect expansion degree value.

[0111] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features of the invention herein.

Claims

1. A method for traceability of casting production quality and safety control based on MES, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S1: During the casting melting and pouring process, collect the temperature values ​​of the molten metal and the inner wall of the mold. Taking the interface where the molten metal contacts the inner wall of the mold as the object, calculate the interface heat transfer data based on the temperature difference at the moment of contact. Step S2: Calculate the local solidification rate of the mold interface based on the interface heat transfer data, and determine the gas discharge capacity in combination with the gas discharge path in the mold; correct the degree of sealing of the gas discharge path by the local solidification rate to obtain the interface sealing value, and determine the solidification shrinkage trend value of the casting based on the interface sealing value. Step S3: Monitor the amount of residual gas based on the interface sealing degree value, and determine the surface shrinkage compensation capacity by combining the solidification shrinkage trend value of the casting. Determine the defect expansion degree value by matching the amount of residual gas with the surface shrinkage compensation capacity. Step S4: Write the interface closure value and defect expansion value into the MES batch process record. When the casting quality inspection is abnormal, the corresponding process step is located in reverse according to the defect expansion value.

2. The MES-based traceability method for casting production quality and safety control as described in i1, characterized in that, Step S2 includes: Based on the interfacial heat transfer data, the differences in interfacial heat transfer intensity distribution at the bonding interface are extracted, the spatial distribution of the solidification region is determined, and the local solidification rate is calculated. Collect the structural parameters and connectivity of the gas discharge path in the mold, and calculate the flow resistance of the gas in the discharge path to obtain the initial gas discharge capacity; The gas discharge capacity is compressed and corrected by the local solidification rate to determine the shielding range of the solidification front of the casting on the discharge path, and the interface sealing value is obtained. Based on the local solidification rate and spatial distribution, the volume shrinkage change of the casting at the mold interface is calculated, and the solidification shrinkage trend value of the casting is determined in combination with the degree of interface closure.

3. The method for traceability of casting production quality and safety control based on MES according to claim 2, characterized in that, Based on the interfacial heat transfer data, the differences in interfacial heat transfer intensity distribution at the bonding interface are extracted, the spatial distribution of the solidification region is determined, and the local solidification rate is calculated, including: Extract the interface heat transfer intensity value of the bonding interface from the interface heat transfer data, and perform discrete mapping according to spatial location to form the heat transfer intensity distribution data of the bonding interface. Gradient calculations are performed on the heat transfer intensity distribution data to determine the locations of abrupt changes in heat transfer intensity, and these locations are used as the solidification initiation boundaries. The spatial coverage of the solidification region is determined by extending the analysis along the solidification initiation boundary to the surrounding area. The heat release value is calculated based on the interfacial heat transfer intensity value within the spatial coverage area, and the local solidification rate is determined based on the heat release value within the spatial coverage area.

4. The MES-based traceability method for casting production quality and safety control according to claim 3, characterized in that, Gradient calculations are performed on the heat transfer intensity distribution data to determine the locations of abrupt changes in heat transfer intensity, and these locations are used as the solidification initiation boundaries, including: The heat intensity distribution data is divided into neighborhoods according to the spatial location of the template interface. The heat transfer intensity difference between each neighborhood is calculated to form the corresponding heat transfer intensity gradient sequence. Determine the continuity of the heat transfer intensity gradient sequence, screen out the sections with abrupt gradient increases, and mark the sections with abrupt gradient increases as heat transfer intensity abrupt change regions; The boundary of the region of abrupt change in heat transfer intensity is taken as the solidification initiation boundary, and the solidification initiation direction is determined by combining the heat transfer intensity difference on both sides of the boundary.

5. The MES-based traceability method for casting production quality and safety control according to claim 3, characterized in that, The heat release value is calculated based on the interfacial heat transfer intensity value within the spatial coverage area, and the local solidification rate is determined based on the heat release value within the spatial coverage area, including: The interfacial heat transfer intensity values ​​at each location within the spatial coverage area are extracted, and combined with the degree of contact between the molten metal and the mold interface, the heat transfer flux per unit area at the interface is determined, and the corresponding heat release value is formed. Based on the phase transformation characteristics during the solidification process of molten metal, the heat release value is decomposed to determine the effective heat release portion that participates in the solidification phase transformation; Based on the correspondence between the effective heat release portion and the propulsion of molten metal solidification, the distribution of molten metal solidification drive is formed; Based on the solidification drive distribution of molten metal, the solidification rate at each location is determined. Then, taking into account the solidification rate differences between adjacent locations, the local solidification rate is corrected for consistency, and the local solidification rate is output.

6. The MES-based traceability method for casting production quality and safety control according to claim 4, characterized in that, The interfacial heat transfer intensity values ​​at each location within the spatial coverage area are extracted, and combined with the degree of contact between the molten metal and the mold interface, the heat transfer flux per unit area at the interface is determined, resulting in the corresponding heat release values, including: Based on the interfacial heat transfer intensity value, the actual contact area at each position of the bonding interface is identified, and the incomplete bonding area is divided into gap area, forming the distribution relationship between the contact area and the gap area. The effective heat conduction area at each location is calculated based on the distribution relationship between the contact area and the gap area. The gas insulation effect is introduced into the gap area to attenuate and correct the interface heat transfer intensity value, thus obtaining the corrected heat transfer intensity value. The heat flux distribution per unit area at the interface is determined based on the corrected heat transfer intensity value and the effective heat conduction area. The heat output at the interface is integrated based on the heat transfer flux distribution to form the heat release value corresponding to the spatial coverage area.

7. The MES-based traceability method for casting production quality and safety control according to claim 2, characterized in that, Based on the local solidification rate and spatial distribution, the volume shrinkage change of the casting at the mold interface is calculated, and the solidification shrinkage trend value of the casting is determined in conjunction with the degree of interface closure, including: Based on the local solidification rate and its spatial distribution, the solidification propagation difference at each location of the mold interface is determined, and the volume shrinkage change at the corresponding location is calculated based on the solidification propagation difference to form the volume shrinkage change distribution. Based on the volume shrinkage change distribution, the locations where the cumulative shrinkage degree is higher than the preset threshold are identified, and the shrinkage concentration distribution state of the bonding interface is determined by the cumulative shrinkage degree. By combining the influence of the interface closure degree on the bonding interface, the situation of shrinkage transmission obstruction in the state of concentrated shrinkage distribution is determined, and the corresponding shrinkage restriction degree is formed. Based on the correspondence between the degree of shrinkage restriction and the distribution of volume shrinkage change, the solidification shrinkage trend value of the casting at the mold interface is determined.

8. The MES-based traceability method for casting production quality and safety control according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S3 includes: The gas retention state at the bonding interface is determined based on the interface sealing degree value, and the corresponding gas residue is calculated based on the degree of interface sealing and the blocking effect on the gas exhaust path. By combining the solidification shrinkage trend value of the casting, the shrinkage demand distribution at each position of the mold interface is determined, and the compensation capacity of the surface molten metal to the shrinkage area is calculated based on the shrinkage demand distribution, thus forming the surface shrinkage compensation capacity distribution. Based on the correspondence between the amount of residual gas and the surface shrinkage compensation capacity at the bonding interface, the competitive state between the space occupied by gas and the shrinkage compensation space is determined, thus forming a constraint relationship for defect formation. The degree of defect expansion is determined based on the matching degree between the residual gas amount and the surface shrinkage compensation capacity in the defect formation constraint relationship.

9. The MES-based traceability method for casting production quality and safety control according to claim 8, characterized in that, Based on the correspondence between residual gas and surface shrinkage compensation capacity at the molding interface, the competitive state between the gas-occupied space and the shrinkage compensation space is determined, forming the defect formation constraint relationship, including: The residual gas amount is mapped to the gas volume component at each position of the molding interface, and the surface shrinkage compensation capability is converted into the metal shrinkage volume component at the corresponding position, thus establishing a volume occupancy comparison relationship at the same position. In the volume occupancy comparison relationship, the compression ratio of the gas-occupied volume component to the metal-feeding volume component is calculated, and the effective opening degree of the feeding channel is determined based on the compression ratio to obtain the feeding restriction degree. The feeding flow path of the molten metal at the mold interface is cut off based on the degree of feeding restriction, the feeding termination position and its inward extension range are determined, and a spatially restricted distribution is formed. Based on the remaining difference between the volume component occupied by gas and the volume component compensated by metal in a spatially confined distribution, the conditions for the formation of local voids are determined, and the conditions for the formation of local voids are correlated with the defect expansion degree value to form a defect formation constraint relationship.

10. A MES-based traceability system for quality and safety control in casting production, characterized in that, For executing the MES-based casting production quality and safety control traceability method as described in claim 1, the MES-based casting production quality and safety control traceability system includes: The interface heat transfer calculation module is used to collect the temperature values ​​of the molten metal and the inner wall of the mold during the casting melting and pouring process. Taking the interface where the molten metal contacts the inner wall of the mold as the object, it calculates the interface heat transfer data based on the temperature difference at the moment of contact. The casting solidification shrinkage trend determination module is used to calculate the local solidification rate of the mold interface based on the interface heat transfer data, and determine the gas discharge capacity in combination with the gas discharge path in the mold; the degree of closure of the gas discharge path is corrected by the local solidification rate to obtain the interface closure value, and the casting solidification shrinkage trend value is determined based on the interface closure value. The defect propagation determination module is used to monitor the amount of residual gas based on the interface sealing degree value, and determine the surface shrinkage compensation capacity by combining the solidification shrinkage trend value of the casting. The defect propagation degree value is determined by the matching relationship between the amount of residual gas and the surface shrinkage compensation capacity. The quality inspection module is used to write the interface closure degree value and the defect expansion degree value into the MES batch process record. When the casting quality inspection is abnormal, the corresponding process step is located in reverse according to the defect expansion degree value.

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