An interactive geological profile map construction and rendering method based on a three-dimensional scene

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of based on three-dimensional scene's interactive geologic profile construction and rendering method includes, first load real scene three-dimensional model and bind standardization stratum database;User is interactively drawn multiple segment broken line traverse on three-dimensional model surface;System is automatically laid out station on traverse, determines stratum by intersection calculation and extracts occurrence parameter;Subsequently, with traverse parallel distance as weight calculation unified profile projection azimuth, using geometric analytical formula correction obtains each station apparent dip;Finally, in two-dimensional coordinate system, locate station and draw boundary, automatically match and fill standard vector lithology symbol to generate profile drawing.The application realizes high-precision measurement under three-dimensional continuous terrain, and establishes real-time linkage of drawing and underlying database, data change can trigger automatic redrawing in seconds, effectively solves the distortion and data disconnection problem of traditional two-dimensional map, greatly improves mapping efficiency and standardization degree.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of geological information technology, and in particular to a method for constructing and rendering interactive geological profile maps based on three-dimensional scenes. Background Technology

[0002] Geological profile maps are core professional maps characterizing underground geological structures, lithological distribution features, and the spatial distribution of stratigraphy, playing a crucial role in basic geological surveys, mineral exploration, and engineering investigations. With the evolution of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and computer-aided design technologies, the traditional purely manual mapping method has gradually transitioned to digital desktop software. In recent years, oblique photogrammetry and 3D geological modeling technologies have developed rapidly, making the acquisition of high-precision realistic 3D models and digital elevation models (DEMs) commonplace. After acquiring this rich 3D continuous spatial data, how to effectively convert it into 2D geological profile maps that conform to national standards and establish an efficient visualization rendering mechanism has become a research hotspot in the field of geological information technology.

[0003] Despite the widespread application of digital mapping technology, existing methods for constructing cross-section maps still have significant limitations. First, traditional methods largely rely on two-dimensional map tiling, using discrete two-dimensional primitives or contour lines for spatial intersection analysis. In complex terrain areas such as cliffs and steep slopes, the sparse contour lines often lead to severe spatial sampling distortion, failing to effectively utilize continuous three-dimensional terrain data. Second, some existing schemes based on 3D views are deeply bound to dedicated CAD platforms. The calculation of attitude parameters such as dip angles depends on the geometric attributes of the view rather than strict geological orientation analysis formulas, making it difficult to guarantee the accuracy of projection conversion. Furthermore, existing mapping systems suffer from a disconnect between data and maps. The generated static maps are detached from the backend structured stratigraphic database, lacking a data-driven dynamic linkage mechanism. Once geological attributes change, a significant amount of manual recalculation and lithological symbol filling is required, making automated map updates impossible and severely restricting the timeliness and accuracy of geological mapping. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this section is to outline some aspects of embodiments of the present invention and to briefly describe some preferred embodiments. Simplifications or omissions may be made in this section, as well as in the abstract and title of this application, to avoid obscuring the purpose of these documents; however, such simplifications or omissions should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

[0005] In view of the aforementioned existing problems, this invention is proposed. Therefore, this invention provides a method for constructing and rendering interactive geological profile maps based on a three-dimensional scene, to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides the following technical solution: a method for constructing and rendering interactive geological profile maps based on a three-dimensional scene, comprising: S1: In a three-dimensional geographic information system environment, load a real-scene three-dimensional model containing continuous three-dimensional spatial data as the data base, and establish a real-time connection with the background standardized stratigraphic database. The three-dimensional model is associated and bound with the structured stratigraphic data in the stratigraphic database through a unique profile identifier. S2: The user interactively draws one or more connected broken lines on the surface of the real-world 3D model, following the direction of the geological outcrops. S3: Automatically set up a set of survey stations on the broken line traverse, determine the stratum to which each survey station belongs through spatial intersection calculation, extract the attitude parameters from the stratum database based on the stratum to which the station belongs, and simultaneously calculate the traverse geometric parameters of each survey station. S4: Calculate and determine a unified profile projection azimuth, and for each station, calculate an apparent dip angle in the projection direction based on the true dip angle and true dip direction of its stratum and the profile projection azimuth. S5: Based on the traverse geometry parameters of each station, the azimuth of the profile projection, and the apparent dip angle, locate each station in the two-dimensional coordinate system and draw the stratigraphic boundary. Automatically match and fill vector lithological symbols from the standardized lithological symbol library according to the lithological codes in the stratigraphic database to generate a vector format geological profile map that is linked with the stratigraphic database in real time.

[0007] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. This invention directly draws guide lines based on the continuous surface of a real-world 3D model, breaking through the limitations of the traditional 2D plotting method which relies on discrete 2D contour lines. It effectively solves the problem of severe sampling distortion caused by sparse contour lines in complex undulating terrains such as cliffs and steep slopes.

[0008] 2. This invention adopts a self-designed multi-segment traverse projection algorithm, which scientifically calculates the unified profile projection azimuth using the traverse horizontal distance as the weight, and calculates the apparent tilt angle using a rigorous three-dimensional spatial geometric derivation formula. This breaks away from the deep binding of existing technologies to the geometric attributes of CAD software views, ensuring the rigor and high accuracy of geological spatial orientation projection conversion.

[0009] 3. This invention establishes a dynamic linkage and update mechanism between vector format geological profile maps and a background structured stratigraphic database. When stratigraphic attributes in the underlying database change, the system can detect this within seconds and automatically trigger map re-rendering, eliminating the pain point of data and map separation in traditional mapping and greatly improving the timeliness of map updates. Simultaneously, the system incorporates a nationally standardized vector lithology symbol library, which can automatically and accurately match and fill in SVG format symbols based on lithology codes, and automatically annotate occurrence symbols and layout elements, thereby reducing operational errors caused by manual intervention and improving the efficiency and standardization of geological mapping. Attached Figure Description

[0010] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. Wherein: Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the overall process of constructing and rendering an interactive geological profile map based on a three-dimensional scene, according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a system interface design diagram of an interactive geological profile map construction and rendering method based on a three-dimensional scene according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a standardized geological profile result image of the interactive geological profile construction and rendering method based on a three-dimensional scene described in one embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0011] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0012] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0013] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a single or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0014] Furthermore, in the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are used solely for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. In addition, the terms "first," "second," or "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0015] Example 1

[0016] Reference Figures 1 to 3 This is the first embodiment of the present invention, which provides a method for constructing and rendering interactive geological profile maps based on a three-dimensional scene, including: S1: In a 3D geographic information system environment, load a real-world 3D model containing continuous 3D spatial data as the data base, and establish a real-time connection with the background standardized stratigraphic database. Use a unique profile identifier to associate and bind the 3D model with the structured stratigraphic data in the stratigraphic database.

[0017] Furthermore, the present invention operates in a three-dimensional geographic information system (3D GIS) environment. The loaded target area real-scene three-dimensional model includes continuous three-dimensional spatial data such as a three-dimensional real-scene model generated by UAV oblique photogrammetry, a high-precision digital elevation model (DEM), and a three-dimensional geological body model. This data serves as the sole data base to avoid the traditional path of relying on discrete two-dimensional primitives or two-dimensional contour lines for map tangent intersection.

[0018] Meanwhile, the established standardized stratigraphic database includes at least a basic profile information table, a stratigraphic information table (including layer number, meter spacing, thickness, lithological code, attitude parameters, etc.), and a stratigraphic auxiliary attribute table. Through the unique profile identifier (profile ID) and its hierarchical association with the stratigraphic number, the structured tabular data is bound to the three-dimensional spatial model in real time, thereby ensuring the dynamic consistency between spatial data and attribute data.

[0019] S2: Users can interactively draw one or more connected broken lines on the surface of a real-world 3D model, following the direction of geological outcrops.

[0020] It should be noted that before performing the traverse drawing operation, the stratigraphic profile must first be spatialized, and the process is as follows: Users can draw stratigraphic baselines on the 3D profile model using interactive tools and input information in conjunction with the terrain orientation; Based on the layer thickness and meter spacing parameters in the stratigraphic database (stratigraphic information table), the system calculates the three-dimensional spatial position of all strata in the profile in real time, thereby generating a set of spatial strata in the profile, which provides a basis for subsequent spatial intersection calculations.

[0021] Furthermore, subsequently, such as Figure 2 As shown, in a 3D scene, users can interactively draw one or more connected polyline traverses (e.g., numbered L1, L2, L3, etc.) directly on the surface of an oblique photogrammetry model or digital elevation model, along the direction of the strata outcrop, to simulate the actual field survey path.

[0022] It should be noted that this interactive sampling method is supported by a continuous three-dimensional terrain surface, which can accurately reflect the spatial morphology of strata exposed under complex terrains such as cliffs and steep slopes, and effectively solves the problem of severe sampling distortion caused by steep terrain and sparse contour lines in traditional methods.

[0023] S3: Automatically set up a set of survey stations on the broken traverse, determine the stratum to which each survey station belongs through spatial intersection calculation, extract the attitude parameters from the stratum database based on the stratum to which the station belongs, and solve the traverse geometric parameters of each survey station.

[0024] Furthermore, the system receives the three-dimensional coordinate data of the polyline traverse segment as input, performs three-dimensional spatial linear interpolation on each traverse segment according to the preset station spacing, and automatically generates three-dimensional coordinates (X, Y, Z) of multiple station sets sufficient to cover all strata. Each station is uniformly numbered in a global order.

[0025] Furthermore, the system takes the three-dimensional coordinates of the survey station and the set of stratigraphic planes in the profile space output before executing S2 as input. Through spatial intersection tests (such as ray penetration tests or bounding box intersection tests), it automatically and accurately determines which bounding plane the survey station is located within, thereby outputting its stratigraphic layer number. Based on the stratigraphic layer number, it retrieves the corresponding core attitude parameters such as dip and dip angle from the stratigraphic information table.

[0026] Simultaneously, the system performs algorithmic calculations of the traverse geometric parameters for each adjacent station. The specific calculation logic is as follows: Calculate the slant distance by measuring the Euclidean distance between two adjacent points. Project the coordinates onto the XY plane to calculate the planar distance and obtain the horizontal distance. Then, accumulate the horizontal distances to obtain the cumulative horizontal distance. Calculate the difference in Z-axis coordinates between two points to obtain the elevation difference, and sum them to obtain the cumulative height; obtain the azimuth of the traverse by the angle between the horizontal projection vector and the due north direction.

[0027] S4: Calculate and determine a uniform profile projection azimuth, and for each station, calculate an apparent dip angle in the projection direction based on the true dip angle, true dip direction of the stratum to which it belongs, and the profile projection azimuth.

[0028] It should be noted that this step uses a self-designed multi-segment traverse projection algorithm, which does not rely on the view geometry parameters of any third-party CAD software.

[0029] Furthermore, using the measured horizontal projection length (horizontal distance) of each traverse segment in the broken-line traverse as a weight, the azimuth angles of all traverse segments are weighted and averaged to obtain the final unified profile projection azimuth angle. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0030] In the formula, To achieve a unified azimuth angle for the profile projection; For the first The azimuth angle of the conductor segment; For the first The horizontal distance (horizontal projection length) corresponding to the traverse segment.

[0031] It should be noted that the above weighting method can ensure that the projection direction comprehensively reflects the overall direction of the actual survey path, and is superior to the single estimation method that only takes the line connecting the start and end points.

[0032] Furthermore, dynamic correction of the apparent tilt angle is performed for each station.

[0033] Specifically, the tangent of the apparent dip angle is determined by multiplying the tangent of the true dip angle of the strata with the cosine of the azimuth deviation angle between the true dip angle of the strata and the azimuth of the profile projection. Based on this tangent, the apparent dip angle is analytically derived through rigorous three-dimensional spatial geometry. The formula can be expressed as:

[0034] in, The corrected apparent tilt angle of the station; This is the true dip angle of the strata to which this station belongs; This indicates the true dip of the strata to which the station belongs; The azimuth deviation angle represents the difference between the dip of the strata and the azimuth of the profile projection.

[0035] In addition, to construct a two-dimensional positioning coordinate axis, the system further modulates the measured horizontal distance between adjacent stations along... The direction is projected by vector components to obtain the projected horizontal distance, which is then accumulated sequentially to output the cumulative projected horizontal distance of each station. Combined with the cumulative height calculated by S3, the precise location of the station on the two-dimensional map is determined.

[0036] S5: Based on the traverse geometry parameters, profile projection azimuth and apparent dip of each station, locate each station in the two-dimensional coordinate system and draw stratigraphic boundaries. Automatically match and fill vector lithological symbols from the standardized lithological symbol library according to the lithological codes in the stratigraphic database, and generate a vector format geological profile map that is linked with the stratigraphic database in real time.

[0037] Furthermore, during execution, the system uses the cumulative projection distance input by the external algorithm to determine the horizontal coordinate (D-axis) and the cumulative height to determine the vertical coordinate (H-axis), accurately locating each measuring station in the two-dimensional coordinate system; and automatically connecting and drawing the stratigraphic boundaries of each location based on the position coordinates and apparent dip angle of adjacent measuring stations.

[0038] Furthermore, the system's built-in standardized lithological symbol library fully complies with the national standard ("Regional Geological Map Legend GBT958-2015"), and the lithological symbols in the library (such as limestone, sandstone, mudstone, etc.) are defined and stored in Scalable Vector Graphics Path (SVG Path) format. The system automatically retrieves and matches the corresponding vector symbols in the library by extracting the standard lithological codes from the stratigraphic information table, and then fills them into the target stratigraphic area (lithological symbol matching rate not less than 98%), ensuring lossless scaling rendering at any scale.

[0039] Furthermore, after generating the geological profile map, the system will automatically mark the attitude symbols at the locations of adjacent stations where the attitude parameters have changed significantly (exceeding the preset threshold).

[0040] Specifically, the attitude symbol includes strike line, dip direction and dip angle values, with both direction and value directly read from the original attitude data of the corresponding station.

[0041] At the same time, it automatically adds standard elements such as coordinate axes, stratigraphic layer numbers, scale bars, legends, traverse numbers, and indicator arrows. Figure 3 This process ultimately generates a cross-sectional view in SVG vector format.

[0042] It should be noted that a two-way interactive rendering channel has been established within the diagram, leading to the background structured stratigraphic database.

[0043] Furthermore, to address the pain point of data and image separation in existing technologies, the present invention also includes a data linkage and update step: When attributes such as stratigraphic thickness, lithological type codes, or occurrence parameters in the background stratigraphic database change, the system automatically detects the data change event and triggers the re-execution of steps S2 to S5 within seconds. This allows the updated structured data to drive the entire graphic generation process again, achieving real-time automated updates of SVG format geological profile maps and ensuring that the generated maps maintain accurate consistency with the underlying database at all times.

[0044] Furthermore, to facilitate post-review and modification by users, the present invention also includes an online editing step: The SVG geological profile generated by S5 is displayed in a newly popped-up independent display window at the front end of the 3D interface. The present invention also includes a result output step: After the user completes online editing, the system automatically adapts and reorganizes the layout of the geological profile map according to the user's pre-set or adjusted paper size (e.g., A4 landscape, A3, etc.) and page orientation. This includes automatically adjusting the display range of the coordinate axes, the scale value, and the optimal placement of the legend to meet professional printing output requirements. With just one click, the user can export the final result as a PNG, JPG, SVG, or PDF file. The exported result looks like... Figure 3 As shown, the system will automatically save the drawing to the workspace and associate it with the original profile record.

[0045] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for constructing and rendering interactive geological profile maps based on three-dimensional scenes, characterized in that, include: S1: In a three-dimensional geographic information system environment, load a real-scene three-dimensional model containing continuous three-dimensional spatial data as the data base, and establish a real-time connection with the background standardized stratigraphic database. The three-dimensional model is associated and bound with the structured stratigraphic data in the stratigraphic database through a unique profile identifier. S2: The user interactively draws one or more connected broken lines on the surface of the real-world 3D model, following the direction of the geological outcrops. S3: Automatically set up a set of survey stations on the broken line traverse, determine the stratum to which each survey station belongs through spatial intersection calculation, extract the attitude parameters from the stratum database based on the stratum to which the station belongs, and simultaneously calculate the traverse geometric parameters of each survey station. S4: Calculate and determine a unified profile projection azimuth, and for each station, calculate an apparent dip angle in the projection direction based on the true dip angle and true dip direction of its stratum and the profile projection azimuth. The calculation determines a uniform profile projection azimuth angle, including: Using the horizontal projection length of each conductor segment in the broken-line traverse as a weight, the azimuth angles of all conductor segments are calculated by weighted average to obtain the final profile projection azimuth angle. The formula for calculating the azimuth angle of the profile projection is: In the formula, To achieve a unified azimuth angle for the profile projection; For the first The azimuth angle of the conductor segment; For the first The horizontal distance corresponding to the segment of the conductor; The calculation yields a viewing tilt angle in the projection direction, including: The tangent of the apparent dip angle is determined by multiplying the tangent of the true dip angle of the strata with the cosine of the azimuth deviation angle between the true dip angle of the strata and the azimuth angle of the profile projection. The formula for the tangent of the apparent tilt angle can be expressed as: in, The corrected apparent tilt angle of the station; This is the true dip angle of the strata to which this station belongs; This indicates the true dip of the strata to which the station belongs; The azimuth deviation angle representing the stratigraphic dip and the azimuth of the profile projection; Based on the tangent value, the apparent tilt angle is determined. S5: Based on the traverse geometry parameters of each station, the azimuth of the profile projection, and the apparent dip angle, locate each station in the two-dimensional coordinate system and draw the stratigraphic boundary. Automatically match and fill vector lithological symbols from the standardized lithological symbol library according to the lithological codes in the stratigraphic database to generate a vector format geological profile map that is linked with the stratigraphic database in real time.

2. The method for constructing and rendering interactive geological profile maps based on three-dimensional scenes as described in claim 1, characterized in that, An automatic set of survey stations is established on the broken-line traverse, including: Equal-interval interpolation is performed on each section of the conductor to generate measurement stations.

3. The method for constructing and rendering interactive geological profile maps based on three-dimensional scenes as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Determine the strata to which each station belongs, including: Before performing S2, a stratigraphic baseline is drawn on the three-dimensional model, and a set of cross-sectional spatial stratigraphic planes is generated based on the layer thickness and meter spacing parameters in the stratigraphic database. The strata to which each station belongs are determined by calculating the spatial intersection relationship between the three-dimensional coordinates of each station and the set of ground planes in the profile space.

4. The method for constructing and rendering interactive geological profile maps based on three-dimensional scenes as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The standardized lithological symbol library conforms to the national standard, namely the regional geological map legend GBT958-2015, and the lithological symbols in the library are defined and stored in a scalable vector graphic path format.

5. The method for constructing and rendering interactive geological profile maps based on three-dimensional scenes as described in claim 1, characterized in that, After generating the geological profile map, the corresponding attitude is automatically marked at the station locations where the attitude parameters change, and the marking includes the dip and dip angle values.

6. The method for constructing and rendering interactive geological profile maps based on three-dimensional scenes as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes a data linkage update step, which includes: When the stratigraphic thickness, lithological type, or occurrence parameter attributes in the background stratigraphic database change, the data change is automatically detected, and S3 to S5 are re-executed to achieve real-time automatic updates of the geological profile.

7. The method for constructing and rendering interactive geological profile maps based on three-dimensional scenes as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes an online editing step, which includes: The geological profile generated by S5 is displayed on the front-end interface, and interactive tools are provided to allow users to adjust the position and text content of annotations on the map, or add custom geological elements.

8. The method for constructing and rendering interactive geological profile maps based on three-dimensional scenes as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes a result output step, which includes: After the user completes the editing, the layout of the geological profile map will automatically adapt to the user's preset paper size and page orientation, including adjusting the coordinate axis range, scale bar and legend position, and supporting the export of the final result as a PNG, SVG or PDF file.

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