A nuclear medicine radioactive sludge harmless and reduction treatment device

Abstract

The application discloses a harmless and reduced treatment device for nuclear medicine radioactive sludge, which comprises an aerobic aeration and decay section for receiving and temporarily storing nuclear medicine radioactive sludge, preventing anaerobic fermentation and hardening of the sludge through aerobic aeration and air-water backwashing, and reducing the activity concentration of the sludge by radioactive decay; a sludge mechanical dewatering section connected with a discharge port of the aerobic aeration and decay section for concentrating, conditioning and mechanically pressure filtering and dewatering the sludge after the harmless treatment; and the aerobic aeration and decay section comprises a box body, which is vertically divided into a nuclear medicine radioactive sludge control section I, an aerobic aeration and decay section II and a sludge discharge section III in sequence. The sludge decay section is designed in sections, the functions of sludge temporary storage, aerobic aeration, air-water backwashing and decay are integrated, the sludge anaerobic fermentation and hardening are prevented by using a steam-water backwashing system, the radioactive activity decay is ensured to reach the standard, and the harmless treatment is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of nuclear medicine radioactive sludge technology, specifically to a device for the harmless and volume-reducing treatment of nuclear medicine radioactive sludge. Background Technology

[0002] Nuclear medicine generates radioactive waste liquid during diagnosis and treatment. Currently, the mainstream treatment methods include sedimentation and decay in a sludge tank and decay tank, as well as ion exchange adsorption treatment. Regardless of the method used, a certain amount of radioactive sludge (approximately 97% water content) will eventually be produced. This sludge contains radioactive nuclides (such as...). , , (etc.), which have potential biological hazards and must be safely disposed of; In existing technologies, there is a lack of systematic and efficient dedicated equipment for the disposal of radioactive sludge in nuclear medicine. Traditional storage and decay methods require large land areas and have long cycles (especially for long half-lived nuclides), and also suffer from sludge caking and the generation of anaerobic harmful gases (such as...). , The risks, safety and environmental protection of radioactive sludge are insufficient, and conventional sludge dewatering equipment is not specifically designed for the characteristics of radioactive sludge (such as radiation protection, exhaust gas treatment, and leakage prevention), making it difficult to meet the safety, environmental protection and monitoring requirements for radioactive waste treatment in standards such as "Radiation Protection and Safety Requirements for Nuclear Medicine" (HJ1188-2021). Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a specialized treatment device that integrates harmlessness and volume reduction to achieve safe, efficient, and compliant disposal of radioactive sludge.

[0003] The above content is only used to help understand the technical solution of the present invention and does not represent an admission that the above content is the closest prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a device for the harmless and volume-reduced treatment of radioactive sludge in nuclear medicine, so as to solve the problem that it is difficult to achieve harmlessness and volume reduction in the disposal of radioactive sludge in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A device for the harmless and volume-reduced treatment of radioactive sludge from nuclear medicine includes: The radioactive sludge aerobic aeration decay section is used to receive and temporarily store nuclear medicine radioactive sludge. Aerobic aeration and air-water backwashing prevent anaerobic fermentation and caking of the sludge, and radioactive decay is used to reduce the sludge activity concentration. The sludge mechanical dewatering section is connected to the discharge port of the radioactive sludge aerobic aeration decay section, and is used to concentrate, condition, and mechanically dewater the harmlessly treated sludge; The radioactive sludge aerobic aeration decay section includes a box, the interior of which is vertically divided into a nuclear medicine radioactive sludge control section I, an aerobic aeration decay section II, and a sludge discharge section III.

[0006] Furthermore, the nuclear medicine radioactive sludge control section I is equipped with a main inlet and a water and air supply port; the aerobic aeration decay section II is equipped with a steam-water backwashing system; The sludge discharge section III is equipped with a main discharge outlet and a sludge drainage pump for pumping out the sludge.

[0007] Furthermore, a drainage control valve is provided at the main outlet to control the water flow rate during drainage.

[0008] Furthermore, the upper part of the housing is provided with an exhaust port and an intake and exhaust system; The lower part of the box is equipped with a leak detection layer, and the inner wall of the box is equipped with an internal cleaning system.

[0009] Furthermore, the sludge mechanical dewatering section includes a screw press sludge thickening device, a sludge conditioning tank, and an ultra-high pressure filter dewatering device arranged sequentially along the sludge flow path.

[0010] Furthermore, the screw press sludge thickening device includes a flocculation mixing tank and a thickener; The sludge conditioning tank is equipped with a dosing system for adding cell wall disruptors and organic dewatering agents; The ultra-high pressure filter dehydration device includes a high-pressure oil pump, an elastic medium, and filter plates.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes an automatic control module for controlling the operating status of the aerobic aeration decay section and the mechanical dewatering section of the radioactive sludge.

[0012] Furthermore, an intake and exhaust purification treatment device is connected to the end of the intake and exhaust system.

[0013] Furthermore, both the aerobic aeration decay section and the mechanical dewatering section of the radioactive sludge are equipped with independent cleaning systems.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: This invention integrates sludge storage, aerobic aeration, air-water backwashing, and decay functions by designing the sludge decay section into zones. The air-water backwashing system prevents sludge from becoming anaerobic and caking, ensuring that the radioactivity decay meets the standards and achieving harmlessness. At the same time, the dewatering section uses a combination of screw press concentration and chemical conditioning, and finally uses ultra-high pressure filtration to deeply dewater the harmless sludge to a low moisture content sludge cake, achieving volume reduction. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1This is a plan view of the aerobic aeration decay section of the radioactive sludge in this invention. Figure 2 For the present invention in Figure 1 Sectional view at point AA.

[0016] Attached reference numerals: 100, housing; 1, main inlet; 2, main outlet; 3, water and air supply inlet; 4, steam and water backwashing system; 5, internal cleaning system; 6, exhaust outlet; 7, sludge drainage pump; 8, drainage control valve. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] Please see Figures 1-2 The present invention provides a technical solution: A device for the harmless and volume-reduced treatment of radioactive sludge from nuclear medicine includes: The radioactive sludge aerobic aeration decay section is used to receive and temporarily store nuclear medicine radioactive sludge. Aerobic aeration and air-water backwashing prevent anaerobic fermentation and caking of the sludge, and radioactive decay is used to reduce the sludge activity concentration. The sludge mechanical dewatering section is connected to the discharge port of the radioactive sludge aerobic aeration decay section, and is used to concentrate, condition, and mechanically dewater the harmlessly treated sludge; The radioactive sludge aerobic aeration decay section includes a box 100, and the interior of the box 100 is divided vertically into a nuclear medicine radioactive sludge control section I, an aerobic aeration decay section II, and a sludge discharge section III.

[0019] It should be added that the radioactive sludge aerobic aeration decay section and the sludge mechanical dewatering section are connected to the main discharge port 2 through pipelines. The nuclear medicine radioactive sludge enters the control section I through the main inlet 1. This section can adjust the sludge feed rate according to the sludge properties, such as long / short half-life and system load. The water and air supply port 3 is used to replenish the water consumed by evaporation or reaction and maintain a slightly positive pressure environment inside the tank.

[0020] As an improvement, the nuclear medicine radioactive sludge control section I is equipped with a main inlet 1 and a water and air supply port 3; the aerobic aeration decay section II is equipped with a steam and water backwashing system 4; The sludge discharge section III is equipped with a main discharge port 2 and a sludge drainage pump 7 for pumping out sludge.

[0021] Furthermore, a drainage control valve 8 is provided at the main outlet 2 to control the water flow rate during drainage.

[0022] As an improvement, the upper part of the housing 100 is provided with an exhaust port 6 and an intake and exhaust system; The lower part of the box 100 is provided with a leak detection layer, and the inner wall of the box 100 is provided with an internal cleaning system 5.

[0023] Furthermore, the sludge mechanical dewatering section includes a screw press sludge thickening device, a sludge conditioning tank, and an ultra-high pressure filter dewatering device arranged sequentially along the sludge flow path.

[0024] Furthermore, the screw press sludge thickening device includes a flocculation mixing tank and a thickener; The sludge conditioning tank is equipped with a dosing system for adding cell wall disruptors and organic dewatering agents; The ultra-high pressure filter dehydration device includes a high-pressure oil pump, an elastic medium, and filter plates.

[0025] As an improvement, the device also includes an automatic control module for controlling the operating status of the radioactive sludge aerobic aeration decay section and the sludge mechanical dewatering section.

[0026] Furthermore, an intake and exhaust purification treatment device is connected to the end of the intake and exhaust system.

[0027] The radioactive sludge aerobic aeration decay section and the sludge mechanical dewatering section are each equipped with an independent cleaning system.

[0028] It should be noted that in the specific implementation of this invention, after the sludge enters the control section I through the main inlet 1, the control section I adjusts the amount of sludge entering the aerobic aeration decay section II according to the sludge properties, such as long / short half-life and system load. During this process, the sludge settles to the aerobic aeration decay section II under gravity. A steam-water backwashing system 4 is installed at the bottom of this section. During system operation, air and water are periodically introduced into the deposited sludge layer through the steam-water backwashing system 4 to achieve aerobic aeration and hydraulic mixing. This setup, on the one hand, It can provide oxygen for aerobic microorganisms, inhibit the activity of anaerobic bacteria, and avoid the production of toxic, harmful, and explosive gases such as methane and hydrogen sulfide. On the other hand, it can prevent sludge from being compacted and hardened by long-term static storage, maintain the uniformity of sludge properties, and promote the contact of gas, liquid, and solid phases, which is conducive to the transfer and control of volatile radioactive substances. Radioactive sludge is subjected to forced decay storage in this stage, and the storage time strictly follows the "Radiation Protection and Safety Requirements for Nuclear Medicine" (HJ1188-2021) to ensure that the radioactivity concentration of the discharged sludge (such as total α≤1 Bq / L, total β≤10 Bq / L) meets the standards and achieves harmlessness. After the above treatment, the harmless sludge enters the sludge discharge section III. When the set decay time is reached and the monitoring is qualified, the automatic control module starts the sludge drainage pump 7 and opens the drainage control valve 8 to pump the sludge through the main discharge port 2 to the subsequent sludge mechanical dewatering section. During this process, the exhaust port 6 provided on the top of the box 100 is connected to the air intake and exhaust system to export the gases generated during aeration and decay, such as trace amounts of radioactive aerosols and ammonia. The end can be connected to an air intake and exhaust purification device, such as an activated carbon filter or a high-efficiency particulate air filter, for purification before discharge. This invention provides a leak detection layer at the bottom of the housing 100, which can be used to monitor or collect possible leaks in real time, ensuring environmental safety. The housing cleaning system 5 can spray and clean the inner wall of the housing after a processing batch is completed, in preparation for the next round of operation.

[0029] In this invention, a mechanical dewatering section is set up to reduce the volume of sludge. The sludge from the decay section (with a water content of about 97%) first enters the screw press sludge thickening device. In the flocculation mixing tank of the screw press sludge thickening device, the sludge is fully mixed and reacted with the added polyacrylamide (PAM) flocculant to form flocs. Then, the sludge and water are initially separated in the thickener, and the water content is reduced to 92%-95%. After thickening, the sludge enters the sludge conditioning tank, where cell wall breaking agents (such as oxidants, acids, etc., to destroy the cell walls of microorganisms) and organic dewatering agents (such as lime, iron salts, polymer conditioning agents, etc.) are added in sequence. These agents can alter the surface properties of sludge particles, release intracellular water, and form a rigid skeletal structure, greatly improving their dewatering performance. Finally, the conditioned and modified sludge is sent to an ultra-high pressure filter dewatering device. A high-pressure oil pump drives an elastic medium (such as a rubber membrane) to apply extremely high pressure (usually several MPa to tens of MPa) to the sludge between the filter plates for secondary pressing, ultimately producing a hard, blocky sludge cake with a moisture content of less than 60%, with a significantly reduced volume, meeting the requirements for subsequent safe transportation, storage, or resource utilization.

[0030] The entire device of this invention is integrated and intelligently controlled by a central automatic control module, which monitors key parameters such as material inflow and outflow, aeration and backwashing cycle, dosage, pressure, liquid level and radiation dose, to ensure that the treatment process is stable, safe and efficient.

[0031] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0032] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for the harmless and volume-reduced treatment of radioactive sludge from nuclear medicine, characterized in that, include: The radioactive sludge aerobic aeration decay section is used to receive and temporarily store nuclear medicine radioactive sludge. Aerobic aeration and air-water backwashing prevent anaerobic fermentation and caking of the sludge, and radioactive decay is used to reduce the sludge activity concentration. The sludge mechanical dewatering section is connected to the discharge port of the radioactive sludge aerobic aeration decay section, and is used to concentrate, condition, and mechanically dewater the harmlessly treated sludge; The radioactive sludge aerobic aeration decay section includes a box (100), and the interior of the box (100) is divided vertically into a nuclear medicine radioactive sludge control section (I), an aerobic aeration decay section (II), and a sludge discharge section (III).

2. The nuclear medicine radioactive sludge harmless and volume-reduced treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nuclear medicine radioactive sludge control section (I) is equipped with a main inlet (1) and a water and air supply port (3); the aerobic aeration decay section (II) is equipped with a steam-water backwashing system (4); The sludge discharge section (III) is provided with a main discharge port (2) and a sludge drainage pump (7) for pumping out sludge.

3. The nuclear medicine radioactive sludge harmless and volume-reduced treatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A drainage control valve (8) is provided at the main outlet (2) to control the water flow rate of the drainage.

4. The device for harmless and reduced-volume treatment of nuclear medicine radioactive sludge according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper part of the housing (100) is provided with an exhaust port (6) and an intake and exhaust system; The lower part of the box (100) is provided with a leak detection layer, and the inner wall of the box (100) is provided with an internal cleaning system (5).

5. The device for harmless and reduced-volume treatment of radioactive sludge in nuclear medicine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sludge mechanical dewatering section includes a screw press sludge thickening device, a sludge conditioning tank, and an ultra-high pressure filter dewatering device arranged sequentially along the sludge flow path.

6. The device for harmless and reduced-volume treatment of radioactive sludge in nuclear medicine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The screw press sludge thickening device includes a flocculation mixing tank and a thickener; The sludge conditioning tank is equipped with a dosing system for adding cell wall disruptors and organic dewatering agents; The ultra-high pressure filter dehydration device includes a high-pressure oil pump, an elastic medium, and filter plates.

7. The device for harmless and reduced-volume treatment of nuclear medicine radioactive sludge according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that: It also includes an automatic control module for controlling the operating status of the radioactive sludge aerobic aeration decay section and the sludge mechanical dewatering section.

8. The nuclear medicine radioactive sludge harmless and volume-reduced treatment device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The intake and exhaust system is connected to an intake and exhaust purification device at its end.

9. The device for harmless and reduced-volume treatment of radioactive sludge in nuclear medicine according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the aerobic aeration decay section and the mechanical dewatering section of the radioactive sludge are equipped with independent cleaning systems.

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