Aluminum alloy wire and method for manufacturing the same, cable
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- TBEA DEYANG CABLE CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2026-06-12
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-14
Smart Images
Figure CN122393071A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of cable technology, and in particular to aluminum alloy conductors and their preparation methods, and cables. Background Technology
[0002] As the power industry continues to advance towards higher voltage, larger capacity, and longer distances, the demand for transmission capacity in power transmission lines is constantly increasing. This places diverse and stringent requirements on the heat resistance, conductivity, and mechanical strength of aluminum alloy conductors. During service, transmission conductors must withstand complex external forces such as their own weight, wind loads, and ice loads over extended periods. Therefore, they must possess sufficient tensile strength to prevent safety failures such as conductor breakage and tensile deformation. Simultaneously, to further enhance transmission capacity, the conductors must possess excellent high-temperature resistance. These core performance indicators are crucial prerequisites for aluminum alloy conductors to adapt to high-end power transmission scenarios and meet the needs of power transmission upgrades.
[0003] Currently, the long-term operating temperature limit of conventional aluminum alloy conductors is only 90℃, and the short-term operating temperature does not exceed 120℃. Moreover, their tensile strength is generally low, which can no longer meet the actual needs of high-temperature and high-capacity power transmission. Existing heat-resistant aluminum alloy conductors mostly have obvious performance imbalance problems. Either the conductivity is greatly reduced in order to improve the heat resistance, or mechanical strength and high-temperature service stability are sacrificed in order to ensure conductivity. This technical bottleneck seriously restricts the further improvement of power transmission efficiency.
[0004] Therefore, traditional technologies still need improvement. Summary of the Invention
[0005] Based on this, this application provides an aluminum alloy conductor with excellent heat resistance, conductivity and mechanical strength, a method for preparing the conductor, and a cable thereof.
[0006] The technical solution to the above-mentioned technical problems in this application is as follows.
[0007] The first aspect of this application provides an aluminum alloy wire comprising multiple stranded aluminum alloy monofilaments, wherein the aluminum alloy monofilaments comprise the following components by mass percentage:
[0008] Si: 0.05%~0.15%, Fe: 0.10%~0.25%, Cu: 0.03%~0.15%, Mg: 0.40%~0.60%, Zr: 0.05%~0.20%, Cr: 0.05%~0.15%, Ti: 0.01%~0.08%, B: 0.005%~0.015%, with the balance being Al and unavoidable impurities. The content of any single impurity element is ≤0.05%, and the total amount of impurity elements is ≤0.15%.
[0009] The mass ratio of Zr to Cr is 1.2 to 1.8:1, and the mass ratio of Mg to Si is 3.5 to 5.5:1. The aluminum alloy single wire contains Mg2Si phase, Al3Zr phase and Al7Cr phase, and the precipitated phase size of Mg2Si phase, Al3Zr phase and Al7Cr phase is 10nm to 30nm.
[0010] The aforementioned aluminum alloy conductor comprises multiple stranded aluminum alloy monofilaments, each containing a specific proportion of Si, Fe, Cu, Mg, Zr, Cr, Ti, and B. Simultaneously, a controlled mass ratio of Zr and Cr synergistically promotes the formation of Al3Zr and Al7Cr precipitates. Furthermore, a specific mass ratio of Mg and Si ensures the full precipitation of the Mg2Si strengthening phase, while avoiding excessive Si residue that could decrease conductivity. The interaction between these components forms stable Mg2Si, Al3Zr, and Al7Cr nano-precipitates, effectively enhancing the mechanical strength, high-temperature strengthening effect, and conductivity stability of the aluminum alloy conductor. This has significant industrial value and practical implications for promoting power transmission technology upgrades, reducing application costs, and improving the safety of power lines during service.
[0011] In some embodiments, Er is further included: 0.02%~0.08%; the mass ratio of Er to Zr is 1:1.5~2.5.
[0012] In some embodiments, the aluminum alloy monofilament further includes an Al3Er phase, the precipitated phase size of which is less than or equal to 25 nm, and the grain size of the aluminum alloy monofilament is 4 μm to 9 μm.
[0013] In some embodiments, the mass ratio of Ti to Zr is 1:2 to 3; the crystal phase of the aluminum alloy monofilament also includes the Al3(Ti,Zr) phase.
[0014] In some embodiments, the aluminum alloy wire satisfies one or more of the following conditions:
[0015] (1) The aluminum alloy conductor also includes a wire core, and multiple aluminum alloy monofilaments are twisted together on the outside of the wire core in a concentric twisting manner;
[0016] (2) The ratio of stranding pitch to stranding diameter of aluminum alloy conductor is 12~14:1;
[0017] (3) The diameter of the aluminum alloy monofilament is 1.5mm to 5mm.
[0018] This application also provides a method for preparing an aluminum alloy conductor, comprising the following steps:
[0019] Multiple aluminum alloy monofilaments are twisted together to obtain an aluminum alloy wire; the aluminum alloy monofilaments comprise the following components by weight percentage:
[0020] Si: 0.05%~0.15%, Fe: 0.10%~0.25%, Cu: 0.03%~0.15%, Mg: 0.40%~0.60%, Zr: 0.05%~0.20%, Cr: 0.05%~0.15%, Ti: 0.01%~0.08%, B: 0.005%~0.015%, with the balance being Al and unavoidable impurities. The content of a single impurity element is ≤0.05%, and the total amount of impurity elements is ≤0.15%.
[0021] The mass ratio of Zr to Cr is 1.2 to 1.8:1, and the mass ratio of Mg to Si is 3.5 to 5.5:1. The aluminum alloy wire contains Mg2Si phase, Al3Zr phase and Al7Cr phase, and the precipitated phase size of Mg2Si phase, Al3Zr phase and Al7Cr phase is 10nm to 30nm.
[0022] In some embodiments, the method for preparing the aluminum alloy monofilament includes the following steps:
[0023] The aluminum alloy monofilament raw materials are batched and then melted to obtain aluminum alloy melt;
[0024] The aluminum alloy melt is sequentially subjected to refining and degassing treatment, settling treatment, slag removal treatment, and casting to obtain aluminum alloy ingots;
[0025] The aluminum alloy ingot is subjected to homogenization treatment and forming treatment in sequence to obtain an aluminum alloy rod;
[0026] After the aluminum alloy rod is subjected to a first aging treatment and a drawing treatment in sequence, a second aging treatment is performed to obtain an aluminum alloy monofilament. The conditions for the first aging treatment include heat preservation treatment of the aluminum alloy rod at 150℃~160℃ and heat preservation treatment at 170℃~180℃. The temperature of the second aging treatment is 185℃~195℃.
[0027] In some embodiments, the method for preparing the aluminum alloy wire further includes the following steps:
[0028] Multiple aluminum alloy monofilaments are twisted concentrically to the outside of the wire core to prepare the intermediate conductor;
[0029] The intermediate conductor is subjected to a third aging treatment to obtain an aluminum alloy conductor; the conditions of the third aging treatment include subjecting the intermediate conductor to a first heat preservation treatment at 200℃~210℃, and then subjecting it to a second heat preservation treatment at 180℃~190℃.
[0030] In some embodiments, the method for preparing the aluminum alloy wire satisfies one or more of the following conditions:
[0031] (1) The melting temperature is 720℃~750℃;
[0032] (2) The refining and degassing process includes the following steps: introducing inert gas into the aluminum alloy melt for 20 min to 30 min;
[0033] (3) The casting conditions include casting the aluminum alloy melt after slag removal at a temperature of 700℃~720℃ at a rate of 2m / min~5m / min;
[0034] (4) The homogenization temperature is 540℃~560℃;
[0035] (5) The forming conditions include: hot extrusion rolling of the homogenized aluminum alloy ingot at a temperature of 480℃~520℃ and an extrusion ratio of 15~25:1;
[0036] (6) During the drawing process, the deformation amount of each pass is controlled to be 10%~20%, and the total deformation amount is 70%~85%.
[0037] This application also provides a cable comprising the aluminum alloy conductor described above or an aluminum alloy conductor prepared by the method described above. Attached Figure Description
[0038] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.
[0039] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of an aluminum alloy conductor in one embodiment.
[0040] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:
[0041] 1. Aluminum alloy conductor; 10. Core wire; 20. Aluminum alloy monofilament. Detailed Implementation
[0042] Reference will now be made to detailed embodiments of this application, one or more of which are described below. Each example is provided for explanation and not for limitation of this application. In fact, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to this application without departing from its scope or spirit. For example, features described or illustrated as part of one embodiment may be used in another embodiment to produce further embodiments.
[0043] Therefore, this application is intended to cover such modifications and variations falling within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents. Other objects, features, and aspects of this application are disclosed in or will be apparent from the following detailed description. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that this discussion is merely a description of exemplary embodiments and is not intended to limit the broader aspects of this application.
[0044] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein in the specification of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of this application.
[0045] The terms “comprising,” “including,” or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element preceded by the phrase “comprising one…” does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element. The indefinite articles “a” and “an” preceding an element or component in this application are not restrictive in terms of the quantity (i.e., the number of times) of the element or component. Therefore, “an” or “a” should be interpreted as including one or at least one, and singular elements or components also include plural forms, unless the quantity clearly refers only to the singular. “A plurality” means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise expressly specified.
[0046] The weights of the relevant components mentioned in the embodiments of this application can refer not only to the specific content of each component, but also to the proportional relationship between the weights of the components. Therefore, any scaling up or down of the content of the relevant components according to the embodiments of this application is within the scope disclosed in the embodiments of this application. Specifically, the weights mentioned in the embodiments of this application can be well-known units of mass in the chemical industry, such as μg, mg, g, and kg.
[0047] Unless otherwise shown or indicated in the operational embodiments, all figures used to represent the amounts, physicochemical properties, etc., of ingredients in the specification and claims are to be understood to be adjusted by the term "about" in all cases. For example, therefore, unless stated to the contrary, the numerical parameters listed in the foregoing specification and appended claims are approximations, and those skilled in the art can appropriately modify these approximations to obtain the desired characteristics by utilizing the teachings disclosed herein. The use of numerical ranges indicated by endpoints includes all numbers within that range and any range within that range; for example, 1 to 5 includes 1, 1.1, 1.3, 1.5, 2, 2.75, 3, 3.80, 4, and 5, etc.
[0048] %IACS represents the percentage of a material's conductivity relative to that of standard copper; the higher the value, the better the conductivity.
[0049] In a conductor, each single wire is twisted in a spiral around a center wire at a certain twisting angle. The distance between a complete spiral in the direction of the strand axis is called the "stretch pitch".
[0050] During their long-term research, the technical personnel of this application discovered that traditional technologies for improving the overall performance of aluminum alloy conductors all have significant shortcomings, making it difficult to achieve a synergistic balance between heat resistance, conductivity, mechanical strength, and cost. Specifically, in terms of elemental strengthening schemes, existing technologies mostly rely on rare earth elements such as La and Ce, or Sc elements. This not only significantly increases the raw material costs and investment threshold for industrial production, but also leads to coarsening of internal precipitates during long-term high-temperature service, resulting in a decline in the overall performance of the conductor. Furthermore, existing schemes do not utilize Er elements to achieve a low-cost alternative to expensive rare earth elements, nor do they construct an Al-Mg-Zr-Cr-Ti-B-Er multi-element synergistic strengthening system, failing to achieve precise matching and maximization of the strengthening effects of each element. Moreover, existing multi-element microalloying schemes are merely simple element stacking, lacking a precise elemental synergistic control system, resulting in insufficient long-term service stability of the conductor and making it difficult to meet the requirements of long-term high-temperature service at 210℃.
[0051] Based on this, one embodiment of this application provides an aluminum alloy wire, comprising multiple aluminum alloy monofilaments twisted together, wherein the aluminum alloy monofilaments comprise the following components by mass percentage:
[0052] Si: 0.05%~0.15%, Fe: 0.10%~0.25%, Cu: 0.03%~0.15%, Mg: 0.40%~0.60%, Zr: 0.05%~0.20%, Cr: 0.05%~0.15%, Ti: 0.01%~0.08%, B: 0.005%~0.015%, with the balance being Al and unavoidable impurities. The content of a single impurity element is ≤0.05%, and the total amount of impurity elements is ≤0.15%.
[0053] The mass ratio of Zr to Cr is 1.2 to 1.8:1, and the mass ratio of Mg to Si is 3.5 to 5.5:1. The aluminum alloy single wire contains Mg2Si phase, Al3Zr phase and Al7Cr phase, and the precipitated phase size of Mg2Si phase, Al3Zr phase and Al7Cr phase is 10nm to 30nm.
[0054] The aforementioned aluminum alloy conductor comprises multiple stranded aluminum alloy monofilaments, each containing a specific proportion of Si, Fe, Cu, Mg, Zr, Cr, Ti, and B. Simultaneously, a controlled mass ratio of Zr and Cr synergistically promotes the formation of Al3Zr and Al7Cr precipitates. Furthermore, a specific mass ratio of Mg and Si ensures the full precipitation of the Mg2Si strengthening phase, while avoiding excessive Si residue that could decrease conductivity. The interaction between these components forms stable Mg2Si, Al3Zr, and Al7Cr nano-precipitates, effectively enhancing the mechanical strength, high-temperature strengthening effect, and conductivity stability of the aluminum alloy conductor. This has significant industrial value and practical implications for promoting power transmission technology upgrades, reducing application costs, and improving the safety of power lines during service.
[0055] Please refer to the details. Figure 1 In some embodiments, the aluminum alloy conductor 1 includes a conductor core and multiple aluminum alloy monofilaments 20, which are twisted concentrically around the outside of the conductor core.
[0056] In some embodiments, the core is formed by twisting multiple core wires 10 together in a concentric manner.
[0057] In some embodiments, the aluminum alloy conductor 1 includes a conductor core and an aluminum alloy monofilament layer, wherein the aluminum alloy monofilament layer is stranded on the outside of the conductor core, the aluminum alloy monofilament layer adopts a three-layer concentric stranded structure, and the conductor core adopts a two-layer concentric stranded structure.
[0058] In some embodiments, the core wire 10 includes one or more of steel core wire and aluminum core wire.
[0059] It should be noted that, by mass percentage, the aluminum alloy monofilament contains, but is not limited to, 0.05%, 0.06%, 0.07%, 0.08%, 0.09%, 0.10%, 0.11%, 0.12%, 0.13%, 0.14%, and 0.15% Si, and 0.10%, 0.11%, 0.12%, 0.13%, 0.14%, 0.15%, 0.16%, 0.17%, 0.18%, 0.19%, 0.20%, 0.21%, and 0.22% Fe. 0.23%, 0.24%, 0.25%; Cu includes, but is not limited to, 0.03%, 0.04%, 0.05%, 0.06%, 0.07%, 0.08%, 0.09%, 0.10%, 0.11%, 0.12%, 0.13%, 0.14%, 0.15%; Mg includes, but is not limited to, 0.40%, 0.41%, 0.42%, 0.43%, 0.44%, 0.45%, 0.46%, 0.47%, 0.48%, 0.49%, 0.50%, 0.5%. 1%, 0.52%, 0.53%, 0.54%, 0.55%, 0.56%, 0.57%, 0.58%, 0.59%, 0.60%; Zr includes but is not limited to 0.05%, 0.06%, 0.07%, 0.08%, 0.09%, 0.10%, 0.11%, 0.12%, 0.13%, 0.14%, 0.15%, 0.16%, 0.17%, 0.18%, 0.19%, 0.20%; Cr includes but is not limited to 0.05%, 0.06%, 0. The concentrations are as follows: 0.07%, 0.08%, 0.09%, 0.10%, 0.11%, 0.12%, 0.13%, 0.14%, 0.15%; Ti includes, but is not limited to, 0.01%, 0.02%, 0.03%, 0.04%, 0.05%, 0.06%, 0.07%, 0.08%; and B includes, but is not limited to, 0.05%, 0.06%, 0.07%, 0.08%, 0.09%, 0.10%, 0.11%, 0.12%, 0.13%, 0.14%, 0.15%. In some examples, any two of these point values can be used as endpoints within a range, and the same applies below. It can also be understood that the above-mentioned aluminum alloy monofilament may include other components.
[0060] The mass ratio of Zr to Cr can be 1.20:1, 1.25:1, 1.30:1, 1.35:1, 1.40:1, 1.45:1, 1.50:1, 1.55:1, 1.60:1, 1.65:1, 1.70:1, 1.75:1, or 1.80:1. Similarly, the mass ratio of Mg to Si can be 3.5:1, 3.6:1, 3.7:1, 3.8:1, 3.9:1, 4.0:1, 4.1:1, 4.2:1, 4.3:1, 4.4:1, 4.5:1, or 4.6:1. The precipitated phase sizes of the above-mentioned Mg2Si phase, Al3Zr phase, and Al7Cr phase can be 10nm, 11nm, 12nm, 13nm, 14nm, 15nm, 16nm, 17nm, 18nm, 19nm, 20nm, 21nm, 22nm, 23nm, 24nm, 25nm, 26nm, 27nm, 28nm, 29nm, and 30nm, respectively.
[0061] It is understood that the above-mentioned conductor does not contain rare earth elements or Sc (scandium). After segmented aging process, it forms a composite nano-precipitate of Mg2Si, Al3Zr, and Al7Cr. The size of the composite nano-precipitate is 10nm to 30nm and it is uniformly dispersed. After continuous heat treatment at 210℃ for 1000 hours, the tensile strength retention rate is ≥90% and the conductivity retention rate is ≥95%. At room temperature, the tensile strength is ≥180MPa and the conductivity is ≥60% IACS. The yield strength at room temperature is ≥110MPa and the elongation is ≥15%. After continuous heat treatment at 210℃ for 1000 hours, the yield strength retention rate is ≥88%. It can be adapted to high temperature and high load power transmission conditions at 210℃ for a long time and can withstand high temperature of 230℃ for a short period of time.
[0062] In some embodiments, Er is further included: 0.02%~0.08%; the mass ratio of Er to Zr is 1:1.5~2.5. For example, the mass ratio can be 1:1.5, 1:1.6, 1:1.7, 1:1.8, 1:1.9, 1:2.0, 1:2.1, 1:2.2, 1:2.3, 1:2.4, or 1:2.5.
[0063] In some embodiments, the crystal phase of the aluminum alloy monofilament further includes an Al3Er phase, the precipitated phase size of the Al3Er phase is less than or equal to 25 nm, and the grain size of the aluminum alloy monofilament is 4 μm to 9 μm.
[0064] It is understandable that after adding Er, Er works synergistically with Zr and Cr to form Al3Er, Al3Zr, and Al7Cr composite nano-precipitates. The size of the above composite nano-precipitates is ≤25nm, which effectively inhibits grain growth and coarsening of precipitates at high temperatures. The tensile strength of the conductor is ≥170MPa, and the tensile strength retention rate is ≥94% and the conductivity retention rate is ≥96% after continuous heat preservation at 210℃ for 1000 hours.
[0065] In some embodiments, the mass ratio of Ti to Zr is 1:2 to 3; the crystal phase of the aluminum alloy monofilament also includes the Al3(Ti,Zr) phase, and as an example, the mass ratio can be 1:2.0, 1:2.1, 1:2.2, 1:2.3, 1:2.4, 1:2.5, 1:2.6, 1:2.7, 1:2.8, 1:2.9, or 1:3.0.
[0066] It is understandable that the above-mentioned Ti and Zr synergistically form Al3(Ti,Zr) composite precipitate phase, and the tensile strength retention rate is ≥92% after continuous heat preservation for 1000 hours at 210℃, which improves the fatigue resistance of the conductor to adapt to strong wind loads and frequent start-stop power transmission scenarios.
[0067] In some embodiments, the mass ratio of Mg to Si is 4.5 to 5.5:1, and the mass percentage of Cu is adjusted to 0.03% to 0.08%. After adjustment, the conductor conductivity is ≥62% IACS, the tensile strength is maintained at ≥160MPa, and the yield strength is ≥110MPa, making it suitable for urban power grids and industrial park power transmission scenarios with stringent requirements for transmission loss.
[0068] In some embodiments, the aluminum alloy conductor further includes a core, with multiple aluminum alloy monofilaments twisted concentrically around the outside of the core.
[0069] In some embodiments, the ratio of stranding pitch to stranding diameter of the aluminum alloy wire is 12 to 14:1. Examples of such ratios include 12.0:1, 12.1:1, 12.2:1, 12.3:1, 12.4:1, 12.5:1, 12.6:1, 12.7:1, 12.8:1, 12.9:1, 13.0:1, 13.1:1, 13.2:1, 13.3:1, 13.4:1, 13.5:1, 13.6:1, 13.7:1, 13.8:1, 13.9:1, and 14.0:1.
[0070] In some embodiments, the diameter of the aluminum alloy monofilament is 1.5 mm to 5 mm.
[0071] Another embodiment of this application provides a method for preparing an aluminum alloy wire, comprising the following steps: stranding multiple aluminum alloy monofilaments to obtain an aluminum alloy wire; the aluminum alloy monofilaments, by mass percentage, comprise the following components:
[0072] Si: 0.05%~0.15%, Fe: 0.10%~0.25%, Cu: 0.03%~0.15%, Mg: 0.40%~0.60%, Zr: 0.05%~0.20%, Cr: 0.05%~0.15%, Ti: 0.01%~0.08%, B: 0.005%~0.015%, with the balance being Al and unavoidable impurities. The content of a single impurity element is ≤0.05%, and the total amount of impurity elements is ≤0.15%.
[0073] The mass ratio of Zr to Cr is 1.2 to 1.8:1, and the mass ratio of Mg to Si is 3.5 to 5.5:1. The aluminum alloy single wire contains Mg2Si phase, Al3Zr phase and Al7Cr phase, and the precipitated phase size of Mg2Si phase, Al3Zr phase and Al7Cr phase is 10nm to 30nm.
[0074] In some embodiments, the preparation method of the above-mentioned aluminum alloy monofilament includes the following steps S110 to S140.
[0075] Step S110: After the aluminum alloy monofilament raw material is batched, it is melted to obtain aluminum alloy melt.
[0076] Step S120: The above-mentioned aluminum alloy melt is subjected to refining and degassing treatment, settling treatment, slag removal treatment and casting in sequence to obtain aluminum alloy ingot.
[0077] Step S130: The aluminum alloy ingot is subjected to homogenization treatment and forming treatment in sequence to obtain an aluminum alloy rod.
[0078] Step S140: After sequentially performing a first aging treatment and a drawing treatment on the above-mentioned aluminum alloy rod, a second aging treatment is performed to obtain an aluminum alloy monofilament. The conditions for the first aging treatment include heat preservation treatment of the aluminum alloy rod at 150℃~160℃, followed by heat preservation treatment at 170℃~180℃. The temperature for the second aging treatment is 185℃~195℃. As an example, the heat preservation temperature of 150℃~160℃ can be 150℃, 151℃, 152℃, 153℃, 154℃, or 1... The temperatures for heat preservation treatment at 55℃, 156℃, 157℃, 158℃, 159℃, 160℃, and 170℃~180℃ can be 170℃, 171℃, 172℃, 173℃, 174℃, 175℃, 176℃, 177℃, 178℃, 179℃, and 180℃. The temperatures for the third aging treatment can be 185℃, 186℃, 187℃, 188℃, 189℃, 190℃, 191℃, 192℃, 193℃, 194℃, and 195℃.
[0079] Understandably, in aging process design, traditional methods often employ a single, fixed-temperature heat preservation treatment mode. When single filaments are stranded after aging treatment, work hardening easily occurs, leading to uneven conductor performance, stress concentration, and even breakage. Furthermore, the lack of a gradient aging process designed in accordance with the microstructure evolution at each stage of conductor processing prevents the full utilization of the microalloying strengthening effect of Er, making precise control of conductor performance difficult. In terms of performance synergy, the conductivity of traditional heat-resistant aluminum alloy conductors is generally ≤58%IACS, and the tensile strength is difficult to exceed 170MPa, failing to meet the high-end application requirements of high heat resistance, high conductivity, and high strength. This application controls the first aging treatment to promote the orderly precipitation and uniform distribution of strengthening phases such as Mg2Si, Al3Zr, Al7Cr, and Al3Er (containing Er); the second aging treatment refines the precipitated phases and releases residual stress from cold drawing, avoiding work hardening during subsequent stranding and ensuring the overall strength uniformity of the conductor.
[0080] In some embodiments, the conditions for the first aging treatment include holding the aluminum alloy rod at 150°C to 160°C for 2 to 3 hours, and then raising the temperature from 150°C to 160°C to 170°C to 180°C at a rate of 10°C / h to 15°C / h for 4 to 6 hours.
[0081] In some embodiments, the above-mentioned method for preparing aluminum alloy wires further includes steps A to B.
[0082] Step A: Twist multiple aluminum alloy monofilaments concentrically to the outside of the wire core to prepare the intermediate conductor.
[0083] In some embodiments, the core is twisted together using multiple core wires twisted concentrically.
[0084] In some embodiments, the aforementioned single-wire preforming device and straightening wheel device ensure uniform stranding tension and avoid appearance defects such as serpentine shapes, thereby ensuring the dimensional accuracy and structural stability of the conductor.
[0085] Step B: Perform a third aging treatment on the above intermediate conductor to obtain an aluminum alloy conductor. The conditions for the third aging treatment include heat preservation treatment of the intermediate conductor at 200℃~210℃, followed by heat preservation treatment at 180℃~190℃. For example, the heat preservation temperature at 200℃~210℃ can be 200℃, 201℃, 202℃, 203℃, 204℃, 205℃, 206℃, 207℃, 208℃, 209℃, or 210℃, and the heat preservation temperature at 180℃~190℃ can be 180℃, 181℃, 182℃, 183℃, 184℃, 185℃, 186℃, 187℃, 188℃, 189℃, or 190℃.
[0086] It is understandable that for conductors containing Er elements, the above-mentioned third aging treatment can promote the refinement and uniform distribution of Al3Er precipitates and improve high-temperature stability; finally, the conductors are cooled to room temperature at a cooling rate of ≤30℃ / hour to obtain finished aluminum alloy conductors.
[0087] In some embodiments, the melting temperature is 720°C to 750°C. For example, the temperature can be 720°C, 721°C, 722°C, 723°C, 724°C, 725°C, 726°C, 727°C, 728°C, 729°C, 730°C, 731°C, 732°C, 733°C, 734°C, 735°C, 736°C, 737°C, 738°C, 739°C, 740°C, 741°C, 742°C, 743°C, 744°C, 745°C, 746°C, 747°C, 748°C, 749°C, or 750°C.
[0088] In some embodiments, the refining and degassing process includes the following steps: introducing an inert gas at a flow rate of 25 L / min to 35 L / min into the above-mentioned aluminum alloy melt for 20 min to 30 min.
[0089] It is understandable that the above refining and degassing process is used to remove gases and impurities from the melt.
[0090] In some embodiments, the casting conditions include casting the slag-removed aluminum alloy melt at a temperature of 700°C to 720°C at a rate of 2 m / min to 5 m / min. For example, the temperature can be 700°C, 701°C, 702°C, 703°C, 704°C, 705°C, 706°C, 707°C, 708°C, 709°C, 710°C, 711°C, 712°C, 713°C, 714°C, 715°C, 716°C, 717°C, 718°C, 719°C, or 720°C, and the rate can be 2.0 m / min, 2.1 m / min, 2.2 m / min, 2.3 m / min, 2.4 m / min, or 2... .5m / min, 2.6m / min, 2.7m / min, 2.8m / min, 2.9m / min, 3.0m / min, 3.1m / min, 3.2m / min, 3.3m / min, 3.4m / min, 3.5m / min, 3.6m / min, 3.7m / min, 3.8m / min, 3.9m / min, 4.0m / min, 4.1m / min, 4.2m / min, 4.3m / min, 4.4m / min, 4.5m / min, 4.6m / min, 4.7m / min, 4.8m / min, 4.9m / min, 5.0m / min.
[0091] It is understandable that by controlling the above casting conditions, shrinkage cavities in the ingot can be avoided and crack defects reduced.
[0092] In some embodiments, the homogenization process is carried out at a temperature of 540°C to 560°C. For example, the temperature may be 540°C, 541°C, 542°C, 543°C, 544°C, 545°C, 546°C, 547°C, 548°C, 549°C, 550°C, 551°C, 552°C, 553°C, 554°C, 555°C, 556°C, 557°C, 558°C, 559°C, or 560°C.
[0093] It is understandable that controlling the homogenization treatment temperature within the above range can homogenize the composition and structure inside the ingot, eliminate casting stress, and promote the initial nucleation of precipitates; for conductors containing Er elements, this step can promote the uniform nucleation of Al3Er precipitates.
[0094] In some embodiments, the forming conditions include hot extrusion rolling of the homogenized aluminum alloy ingot at a temperature of 480°C to 520°C and an extrusion ratio of 15 to 25:1.
[0095] Understandably, through the above forming process, a smooth-surfaced and uniformly sized aluminum alloy rod is obtained, with a strength of 140MPa to 150MPa, which meets the requirements of subsequent drawing processes.
[0096] In some embodiments, during the drawing process, the deformation amount per pass is controlled to be 10% to 20%, and the total deformation amount is 70% to 85%.
[0097] It is understandable that controlling the above deformation amount can prevent the rod from cracking, while refining the grain size and further improving the mechanical properties of the monofilament.
[0098] In some embodiments, the conditions for the third aging treatment include: holding the intermediate conductor at 200℃~210℃ for 2h~4h, then cooling it down to 180℃~190℃ at a rate of 15℃ / h~20℃ / h and holding it down for 1h~2h. As an example, the cooling rate can be 15℃ / h, 15.5℃ / h, 16℃ / h, 16.5℃ / h, 17℃ / h, 17.5℃ / h, 18℃ / h, 18.5℃ / h, 19℃ / h, 19.5℃ / h, or 20℃ / h; the holding time at 200℃~210℃ can be 2h, 2.5h, 3h, 3.5h, or 4h; and the holding time at 180℃~190℃ can be 1h, 1.5h, or 2h.
[0099] It is understandable that the third aging treatment with the above-mentioned gradient cooling can further optimize the distribution of precipitated phases and balance the mechanical and electrical properties of the conductor.
[0100] The method for preparing the aluminum alloy conductor described in this application controls the specific ratios of Zr and Cr, and Mg and Si. This can be achieved by adding Er or partially replacing Zr, efficiently replacing high-cost elements such as rare earth elements and Sc, while controlling impurity content and avoiding the risks of high cost and high-temperature performance degradation. The core of the preparation process is a segmented gradient aging technology. The rod material is sequentially subjected to a first aging treatment, a second aging treatment, and a third aging treatment to prepare the aluminum alloy conductor, adapting to the microstructure evolution requirements of different processing stages and promoting the uniform precipitation and refinement of strengthening phases such as Mg2Si, Al3Zr, Al7Cr, and Al3Er (when containing Er). The conductor has a tensile strength ≥180MPa and a conductivity ≥60%IACS at room temperature. After long-term holding at 210℃ for 1000h, the performance retention rate is excellent. The Er element substitution scheme can reduce raw material costs by more than 30%.
[0101] This application effectively solves the technical pain point of balancing heat resistance, conductivity, mechanical strength and cost in aluminum alloy conductors. The process is adapted for industrial mass production, expands application scenarios, and is suitable for high-voltage, high-capacity transmission lines. It is of great significance for promoting the upgrading of power transmission technology.
[0102] Another embodiment of this application also provides a cable, including the aluminum alloy conductor described above or the aluminum alloy conductor prepared by the above method.
[0103] The aforementioned aluminum alloy conductors, when used in cables, possess excellent heat resistance, conductivity, and mechanical strength.
[0104] The present application will be described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments, but the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.
[0105] Example 1
[0106] (1) Chemical composition ratio by mass percentage: Si 0.10%, Fe 0.18%, Cu 0.10%, Mg 0.50%, Zr 0.15%, Cr 0.10%, Ti 0.03%, B 0.010%, with the balance being Al and unavoidable impurities; the content of a single impurity is ≤0.04%, the total amount of impurities is ≤0.12%, the mass ratio of Zr to Cr is 1.5:1, and the mass ratio of Mg to Si is 5.0:1; each raw material is accurately weighed according to the above chemical composition and ratio, and the raw materials are high-purity aluminum ingots (specific model is Al99.80) and corresponding alloying element raw materials.
[0107] (2) The above raw materials are put into the melting furnace and the melting temperature is controlled at 735°C. After the raw materials are completely melted, nitrogen is used for refining and degassing treatment for 25 minutes to remove gas and impurities in the melt. After refining, the melt is left to stand for 30 minutes to remove slag. Then the melt is fed into the crystallizing wheel at 710°C and a casting rate of 3.5 m / min to form aluminum alloy ingots.
[0108] (3) The aluminum alloy ingot temperature is controlled at 550℃ by the internal and external cooling devices of the crystallizing wheel before homogenization treatment. The aluminum alloy ingot after homogenization treatment is cooled to ensure that the temperature of the aluminum alloy ingot after leaving the bridge is 500℃. Hot extrusion rolling is carried out with an extrusion ratio of 20:1 to obtain aluminum alloy rod.
[0109] (4) The aluminum alloy rod is placed in an aging furnace and subjected to the first aging treatment by gradient heating. First, the aluminum alloy rod is heated to 155°C and held for 2.5 hours. Then, it is heated to 175°C at a rate of 12°C / hour and held for 5 hours. It is then cooled to room temperature. The aluminum alloy rod subjected to gradient heating aging is subjected to multiple progressive drawing passes. The deformation amount of each pass is controlled at 15%, and the total deformation amount is 78%. It is drawn to the preset diameter. The drawn aluminum alloy single wire is placed in an aging furnace and held for 1 hour. Then, it is air cooled to room temperature. The second aging treatment temperature of the single wire is 190°C and the holding time is 1.8 hours to obtain the aluminum alloy single wire.
[0110] (5) Multiple aluminum alloy monofilaments are concentrically twisted onto the outside of the conductor core. The conductor core is made by concentrically twisting multiple steel wires. The twisting pitch is strictly controlled to be 13 times the conductor twisting diameter. The intermediate conductor is obtained through a single-wire pre-forming device and a straightening wheel device. The intermediate conductor is then placed in an aging furnace for a third aging treatment. First, it is held at 205°C for 3 hours, then cooled to 185°C at a rate of 18°C / hour, held for another 1.5 hours, and finally cooled to room temperature at a rate of 25°C / hour to obtain the finished aluminum alloy conductor. For details, please refer to [reference needed]. Figure 1 The specific structure of aluminum alloy conductor 1 is as follows: Core: The structure is 1+6, and the total number of core wires is 7; Aluminum alloy monofilament layer: The structure is 12+18+24, and the total number of aluminum alloy monofilaments is 54.
[0111] The aluminum alloy monofilaments in the prepared aluminum alloy wires have composite nano-precipitates (Mg2Si phase, Al3Zr phase and Al7Cr phase) with sizes of 18nm~25nm and are uniformly dispersed; the ingots are free of shrinkage cavities and cracks, and the wire surfaces are smooth and the sizes are uniform.
[0112] Example 2
[0113] Example 2 is basically the same as Example 1, except that the chemical composition ratio in step (1) is different. The specific chemical composition ratio by mass percentage is as follows: Si 0.10%, Fe 0.18%, Cu 0.10%, Mg 0.50%, Zr 0.15%, Cr 0.10%, Ti 0.03%, B 0.010%, Er 0.05%, with the balance being Al and unavoidable impurities; the content of a single impurity is ≤0.04%, the total amount of impurities is ≤0.12%, the mass ratio of Zr to Cr is 1.5:1, and the mass ratio of Mg to Si is 5.0:1; each raw material is accurately weighed according to the above chemical composition and ratio, and high-purity aluminum ingots and corresponding alloying element raw materials are selected.
[0114] The remaining steps and parameters are the same as in Example 1.
[0115] The aluminum alloy monofilaments in the prepared aluminum alloy wires have composite nano-precipitates (Al3Er, Al3Zr, Al7Cr) with sizes ranging from 15nm to 22nm. Grain growth is significantly suppressed, and high-temperature stability is greatly improved.
[0116] Example 3
[0117] Example 3 is basically the same as Example 2, except that the chemical composition ratio in step (1) is different. The specific chemical composition ratio by mass percentage is as follows: Si 0.10%, Fe 0.18%, Cu 0.10%, Mg 0.50%, Zr 0.10%, Cr 0.10%, Ti 0.03%, B 0.010%, Er 0.05%, with the balance being Al and unavoidable impurities; the content of a single impurity is ≤0.04%, the total amount of impurities is ≤0.12%, the mass ratio of Zr to Cr is 1:1, and the mass ratio of Mg to Si is 5.0:1; each raw material is accurately weighed according to the above chemical composition and ratio, and high-purity aluminum ingots and corresponding alloying element raw materials are selected.
[0118] The remaining steps and parameters are the same as in Example 2.
[0119] The aluminum alloy monofilaments in the prepared aluminum alloy wires have a grain size of 6μm~8μm, and the composite nano-precipitates (Al3Er, Al3Zr, Al7Cr) have a size of 16nm~24nm. Compared with the rare earth strengthening scheme, the raw material cost is reduced by 32%, balancing cost and performance.
[0120] Example 4
[0121] Example 4 is basically the same as Example 1, except that the chemical composition ratio in step (1) is different. The specific chemical composition ratio by mass percentage is as follows: Si 0.10%, Fe 0.18%, Cu 0.10%, Mg 0.50%, Zr 0.10%, Cr 0.10%, Ti 0.03%, B 0.010%, Ti 0.05%, with the balance being Al and unavoidable impurities; the content of a single impurity is ≤0.04%, the total amount of impurities is ≤0.12%, the mass ratio of Zr to Cr is 1:1, and the mass ratio of Mg to Si is 5.0:1; each raw material is accurately weighed according to the above chemical composition and ratio, and high-purity aluminum ingots and corresponding alloying element raw materials are selected.
[0122] The remaining steps and parameters are the same as in Example 1.
[0123] Example 5
[0124] Example 5 is basically the same as Example 1, except that the chemical composition ratio in step (1) is different. The specific chemical composition ratio by mass percentage is: Si 0.10%, Fe 0.18%, Cu 0.10%, Mg 0.55%, Zr 0.15%, Cr 0.10%, Ti 0.03%, B 0.010%, with the balance being Al and unavoidable impurities; the content of a single impurity is ≤0.04%, the total amount of impurities is ≤0.12%, the mass ratio of Zr to Cr is 1.5:1, and the mass ratio of Mg to Si is 5.5:1; each raw material is accurately weighed according to the above chemical composition and ratio, and high-purity aluminum ingots and corresponding alloying element raw materials are selected.
[0125] The remaining steps and parameters are the same as in Example 1.
[0126] Comparative Example 1
[0127] Comparative Example 1 is basically the same as Example 1, except that the chemical composition ratio in step (1) is different. The specific chemical composition ratio by mass percentage is: Si 0.10%, Fe 0.18%, Cu 0.10%, Mg 0.5%, Zr 0.2%, Cr 0.08%, Ti 0.03%, B 0.010%, with the balance being Al and unavoidable impurities; the content of a single impurity is ≤0.04%, the total amount of impurities is ≤0.12%, and the mass ratio of Zr to Cr is 2.5:1; each raw material is accurately weighed according to the above chemical composition and ratio, and high-purity aluminum ingots and corresponding alloying element raw materials are selected.
[0128] The remaining steps and parameters are the same as in Example 1.
[0129] The aluminum alloy monofilaments in the prepared aluminum alloy wires have uneven distribution of Al3Zr and Al7Cr precipitates, with some areas showing coarsening and poor high-temperature stability.
[0130] Comparative Example 2
[0131] Comparative Example 2 is basically the same as Example 1, except that the chemical composition ratio in step (1) is different. The specific chemical composition ratio by mass percentage is: Si 0.10%, Fe 0.18%, Cu 0.10%, Mg 0.3%, Zr 0.15%, Cr 0.10%, Ti 0.03%, B 0.010%, with the balance being Al and unavoidable impurities; the content of a single impurity is ≤0.04%, the total amount of impurities is ≤0.12%, and the mass ratio of Mg to Si is 3:1; each raw material is accurately weighed according to the above chemical composition and ratio, and high-purity aluminum ingots and corresponding alloying element raw materials are selected.
[0132] The remaining steps and parameters are the same as in Example 1.
[0133] The aluminum alloy monofilaments in the prepared aluminum alloy wires have insufficient precipitation of the Mg2Si strengthening phase, resulting in a significant decrease in the mechanical properties and high-temperature stability of the wires.
[0134] Comparative Example 3
[0135] Comparative Example 3 is basically the same as Example 1, except that the chemical composition ratio in step (1) is different. The specific chemical composition ratio by mass percentage is as follows: Si 0.10%, Fe 0.18%, Cu 0.10%, Mg 0.5%, Zr 0.15%, Cr 0.10%, Ti 0.03%, B 0.010%, La 0.10%, with the balance being Al and unavoidable impurities; the content of a single impurity is ≤0.04%, the total amount of impurities is ≤0.12%, the mass ratio of Zr to Cr is 1.5:1, and the mass ratio of Mg to Si is 5:1; each raw material is accurately weighed according to the above chemical composition and ratio, and high-purity aluminum ingots and corresponding alloying element raw materials are selected.
[0136] The remaining steps and parameters are the same as in Example 1.
[0137] Comparative Example 4
[0138] Comparative Example 4 is basically the same as Example 1, except that the chemical composition ratio in step (1) is different. The specific chemical composition ratio by mass percentage is: Si 0.10%, Fe 0.18%, Cu 0.10%, Mg 0.50%, Zr 0.15%, Cr 0.10%, Ti 0.03%, B 0.010%, with the balance being Al and unavoidable impurities; the content of a single impurity is 0.06%, the total amount of impurities is 0.18%, the mass ratio of Zr to Cr is 1.5:1, and the mass ratio of Mg to Si is 5:1; each raw material is accurately weighed according to the above chemical composition and ratio, and high-purity aluminum ingots and corresponding alloying element raw materials are selected.
[0139] The remaining steps and parameters are the same as in Example 1.
[0140] Impurities in the aluminum alloy monofilaments of the prepared aluminum alloy wires lead to disordered distribution of precipitated phases, resulting in a significant decrease in conductivity and high-temperature stability, and the wires are prone to cracking and aging.
[0141] Comparative Example 5
[0142] Comparative Example 5 is basically the same as Example 1, except that the preparation process is different. Instead of a segmented aging process, a single aging process is used, as detailed below:
[0143] (4) The aluminum alloy rod is placed at 175℃ for 8 hours for the first aging treatment and then air-cooled to room temperature. The aluminum alloy rod is then drawn in multiple progressive passes, with each pass having a deformation amount of 15% and a total deformation amount of 78%. The rod is drawn to a preset diameter and then placed in an aging furnace for heat treatment. After heat treatment, the rod is air-cooled to room temperature. The second aging treatment temperature for the rod is 190℃ and the heat treatment time is 1.8 hours to obtain the aluminum alloy rod.
[0144] (5) Multiple aluminum alloy monofilaments are twisted together on the outside of the wire core in a concentric twisting manner. The wire core is twisted together by multiple steel wires in a concentric twisting manner. The twisting pitch is strictly controlled to be 13 times the twisting diameter of the conductor. The wire is then cooled to room temperature at 25℃ / hour through a single wire preforming device and a straightening wheel device to obtain the finished aluminum alloy conductor.
[0145] The aluminum alloy monofilaments in the prepared aluminum alloy wires have composite nano-precipitates with sizes ranging from 40 nm to 80 nm. These phases are unevenly distributed and prone to aggregation and growth. The mechanical properties, electrical conductivity, and high-temperature stability of the wires do not meet the requirements of this application. Furthermore, work hardening and uneven performance occur during the stranding process.
[0146] Performance testing:
[0147] 1. The room temperature tensile strength of the aluminum alloy wires prepared in each embodiment and comparative example was tested, specifically referring to GB / T 30551-2014.
[0148] 2. The room temperature yield strength of the aluminum alloy wires prepared in each embodiment and comparative example was tested, specifically referring to GB / T 30551-2014.
[0149] 3. The room temperature conductivity of the aluminum alloy wires prepared in each embodiment and comparative example was tested, specifically referring to GB / T30551-2014.
[0150] 4. The volume conductivity of the aluminum alloy wires prepared in each embodiment and comparative example was tested, specifically referring to GB / T30551-2014.
[0151] 5. The tensile strength retention rate at 210℃ of the aluminum alloy conductors prepared in each embodiment and comparative example was tested, specifically referring to GB / T 30551-2014.
[0152] 6. The conductivity retention rate at 210℃ of the aluminum alloy wires prepared in each embodiment and comparative example was tested, specifically referring to GB / T 30551-2014.
[0153] 7. The crystal phase and average grain size of the aluminum alloy wires prepared in each embodiment and comparative example were tested, specifically by scanning electron microscopy. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0154] Table 1. Test results of mechanical properties, heat resistance, and electrical conductivity of the examples and comparative examples.
[0155]
[0156] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of an aluminum alloy conductor in one embodiment. The aluminum alloy conductor comprises a core wire 10 and multiple aluminum alloy monofilaments 20 twisted together. As shown in Table 1, compared to the comparative example, the aluminum alloy conductor produced by the technical solution of this application has superior conductivity and mechanical strength. Compared to room temperature conditions, it exhibits higher tensile strength retention and conductivity retention at 210°C, demonstrating excellent heat resistance. Furthermore, it can be directly adapted to existing production equipment without requiring additional specialized devices, ensuring good consistency in mass production and facilitating widespread adoption, thus overcoming the drawbacks of existing solutions that are difficult to mass-produce.
[0157] The heat-resistant, high-conductivity aluminum alloy conductor disclosed in this application achieves a stable composite nano-precipitate phase through precise control of the alloy element ratio and optimization of the proportions between elements, combined with a segmented aging process. This balances high-temperature resistance and high conductivity, avoiding the cost increases associated with rare earth and scandium elements. The aluminum alloy conductor prepared by the aforementioned method can specifically improve various conductor properties and is suitable for different power transmission scenarios.
[0158] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.
[0159] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, intended to facilitate a detailed understanding of the technical solutions of this application, but should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the scope of protection of this application. It should be understood that technical solutions obtained by those skilled in the art based on the technical solutions provided in this application through logical analysis, reasoning, or limited experimentation are all within the scope of protection of the appended claims. Therefore, the scope of protection of this patent application should be determined by the content of the appended claims, and the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.
Claims
1. An aluminum alloy conductor, characterized in that, The aluminum alloy monofilament comprises multiple intertwined aluminum alloy monofilaments, which, by mass percentage, consist of the following components: Si: 0.05%~0.15%, Fe: 0.10%~0.25%, Cu: 0.03%~0.15%, Mg: 0.40%~0.60%, Zr: 0.05%~0.20%, Cr: 0.05%~0.15%, Ti: 0.01%~0.08%, B: 0.005%~0.015%, with the balance being Al and unavoidable impurities. The content of a single impurity element is ≤0.05%, and the total amount of impurity elements is ≤0.15%. The mass ratio of Zr to Cr is 1.2 to 1.8:1, and the mass ratio of Mg to Si is 3.5 to 5.5:
1. The aluminum alloy single wire contains Mg2Si phase, Al3Zr phase and Al7Cr phase, and the precipitated phase size of Mg2Si phase, Al3Zr phase and Al7Cr phase is 10nm to 30nm.
2. The aluminum alloy conductor as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes Er by mass percentage: 0.02%~0.08%; the mass ratio of Er to Zr is 1:1.5~2.
5.
3. The aluminum alloy conductor as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The aluminum alloy monofilament also includes an Al3Er phase, the size of which is less than or equal to 25 nm, and the grain size of which is 4 μm to 9 μm.
4. The aluminum alloy conductor as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The mass ratio of Ti to Zr is 1:2 to 3; the crystal phase of the aluminum alloy monofilament also includes the Al3(Ti,Zr) phase.
5. The aluminum alloy conductor according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The aluminum alloy wire satisfies one or more of the following conditions: (1) The aluminum alloy conductor also includes a wire core, and multiple aluminum alloy monofilaments are twisted together on the outside of the wire core in a concentric twisting manner; (2) The ratio of stranding pitch to stranding diameter of aluminum alloy conductor is 12~14:1; (3) The diameter of the aluminum alloy monofilament is 1.5mm to 5mm.
6. A method for preparing an aluminum alloy conductor, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Multiple aluminum alloy monofilaments are twisted together to obtain an aluminum alloy wire; the aluminum alloy monofilaments comprise the following components by weight percentage: Si: 0.05%~0.15%, Fe: 0.10%~0.25%, Cu: 0.03%~0.15%, Mg: 0.40%~0.60%, Zr: 0.05%~0.20%, Cr: 0.05%~0.15%, Ti: 0.01%~0.08%, B: 0.005%~0.015%, with the balance being Al and unavoidable impurities. The content of a single impurity element is ≤0.05%, and the total amount of impurity elements is ≤0.15%. The mass ratio of Zr to Cr is 1.2 to 1.8:1, and the mass ratio of Mg to Si is 3.5 to 5.5:
1. The aluminum alloy single wire contains Mg2Si phase, Al3Zr phase and Al7Cr phase, and the precipitated phase size of Mg2Si phase, Al3Zr phase and Al7Cr phase is 10nm to 30nm.
7. The method for preparing aluminum alloy wire as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The method for preparing the aluminum alloy monofilament includes the following steps: The aluminum alloy monofilament raw materials are batched and then melted to obtain aluminum alloy melt; The aluminum alloy melt is sequentially subjected to refining and degassing treatment, settling treatment, slag removal treatment, and casting to obtain aluminum alloy ingots; The aluminum alloy ingot is subjected to homogenization treatment and forming treatment in sequence to obtain an aluminum alloy rod; After the aluminum alloy rod is subjected to a first aging treatment and a drawing treatment in sequence, a second aging treatment is performed to obtain an aluminum alloy monofilament. The conditions for the first aging treatment include heat preservation treatment of the aluminum alloy rod at 150℃~160℃ and heat preservation treatment at 170℃~180℃. The temperature of the second aging treatment is 185℃~195℃.
8. The method for preparing aluminum alloy wire as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The method for preparing the aluminum alloy conductor further includes the following steps: Multiple aluminum alloy monofilaments are twisted concentrically to the outside of the wire core to prepare the intermediate conductor; The intermediate conductor is subjected to a third aging treatment to obtain an aluminum alloy conductor; the conditions of the third aging treatment include heat preservation treatment of the intermediate conductor at 200℃~210℃, and then heat preservation treatment at 180℃~190℃.
9. The method for preparing aluminum alloy wires as described in claim 7 or 8, characterized in that, The preparation method of aluminum alloy wires meets one or more of the following conditions: (1) The melting temperature is 720℃~750℃; (2) The refining and degassing process includes the following steps: introducing inert gas into the aluminum alloy melt for 20 min to 30 min; (3) The casting conditions include casting the aluminum alloy melt after slag removal at a temperature of 700℃~720℃ at a rate of 2m / min~5m / min; (4) The homogenization temperature is 540℃~560℃; (5) The forming conditions include: hot extrusion rolling of the homogenized aluminum alloy ingot at a temperature of 480℃~520℃ and an extrusion ratio of 15~25:1; (6) During the drawing process, the deformation amount of each pass is controlled to be 10%~20%, and the total deformation amount is 70%~85%.
10. A cable, characterized in that, The aluminum alloy wire includes the aluminum alloy wire as described in any one of claims 1 to 5 or the aluminum alloy wire prepared by the method described in any one of claims 6 to 9.