Fuel cell seal structure, design method, production method, and fuel cell

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of fuel cells. A fuel cell sealing structure, a design method, a preparation method and a fuel cell are provided. Through high parameter constraint, dynamic balance of sealing force is achieved. The initial compression height and the free height of the first sealing part are smaller than the overall initial compression height of the first to the sealing parts on the inner side, and the life termination compression height is greater than the overall life termination compression height on the inner side. At the same time, the overall initial compression height of the first to the sealing parts on the inner side is smaller than or equal to the overall initial compression height of the first to the sealing parts. The structure compensates the sealing force attenuation of the inner side caused by stress relaxation in the later life stage by using the outer sealing part, ensures the sealing reliability of the stack in the whole life cycle, and can effectively prevent medium leakage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fuel cell technology, and in particular to a fuel cell sealing structure, design method, fabrication method, and fuel cell. Background Technology

[0002] The statements in this section are merely background information related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] Fuel cells, as a highly efficient and clean energy conversion device, have been widely used in new energy vehicles, distributed power generation, and other fields in recent years. The fuel cell stack, as the core energy conversion component, is composed of multiple single-cell units connected in series. Each single-cell unit mainly includes key components such as membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs), bipolar plates, and sealing structures. Among these, the sealing structure plays a crucial role in the stack. It not only needs to ensure strict isolation between different media such as hydrogen, oxygen, and coolant to prevent gas cross-contamination and leakage, but also needs to withstand complex operating conditions such as temperature changes, humidity fluctuations, and mechanical vibrations during stack operation. Traditional fuel cell sealing systems typically use elastic materials such as silicone or fluororubber to make sealing rings or gaskets, which are installed in sealing grooves at the edges of the electrode plates. The initial sealing effect is achieved through the clamping force during stack assembly. With the continuous development of fuel cell technology, the requirements for the reliability and durability of the sealing structure are also increasing, especially for the long lifespan and high stability requirements of automotive fuel cell systems. Sealing technology has become one of the key factors affecting the overall performance of the stack.

[0004] The main challenge facing existing fuel cell sealing technologies lies in the contradiction between sealing force decay and core size changes. During long-term operation of the fuel cell stack, the sealing material undergoes irreversible permanent compression deformation due to continuous pressure, causing the sealing contact force to gradually decay over time. When the sealing force drops below a critical value, it becomes impossible to maintain an effective seal, leading to gas leakage and seriously threatening the safe operation of the fuel cell stack. Simultaneously, the creep characteristics of the sealing material cause a continuous decrease in the overall stack core height. This not only alters the stress distribution within the stack but may also increase the contact resistance between the bipolar plates and the membrane electrode assembly, affecting the stack's output performance. Existing single-seal structure designs cannot effectively address this challenge. While a high initial sealing force setting can guarantee an initial sealing effect, it accelerates material creep; conversely, a low initial sealing force setting makes it difficult to maintain an effective seal throughout the entire lifespan. Furthermore, traditional sealing systems lack a compensation mechanism for material aging. In the later stages of the fuel cell stack's lifespan, sealing performance declines sharply, becoming a key bottleneck limiting the overall lifespan of the fuel cell system. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a fuel cell sealing structure, design method, fabrication method, and fuel cell. Through the collaborative design of multiple inner and outer seals and precise matching of height parameters, dynamic compensation of sealing performance throughout the entire life cycle is effectively achieved. In the early stages of stack operation, the first sealing part provides the main sealing guarantee. As material creep causes its sealing force to decay, subsequent sealing parts intervene in a timely manner based on preset height relationships, forming a stepped sealing force relay, which significantly delays the overall sealing performance degradation. This structural design not only fundamentally alleviates the industry pain point that a single sealing system is prone to failure in the later stages of its lifespan and avoids the risk of gas cross-leakage, but also suppresses the continuous collapse of the stack height through the mutual support of multiple sealing parts, maintaining the stability of the internal contact pressure and flow channel structure of the stack. This significantly improves the long-term operational reliability, environmental adaptability, and safety margin of the fuel cell system, providing key technical support for the engineering application of high-durability automotive and stationary fuel cell stacks.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a fuel cell sealing structure.

[0007] A fuel cell sealing structure includes a sealing element located between a cathode plate and an anode plate. The sealing element includes a first sealing part and a second sealing part arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside. The first sealing part and the second sealing part are pressed along the stacking direction of the fuel cell to generate a sealing force. The initial compression height of the second sealing part is less than the initial compression height of the first sealing part, the end-of-life compression height of the second sealing part is greater than the end-of-life compression height of the first sealing part, and the free height of the second sealing part is less than the initial compression height of the first sealing part.

[0008] In an optional implementation of the first aspect of the present invention, the force-compression height curve of the initial state of the second sealing part passes through the free height reference point of the second sealing part and the initial working point of the second feature part, and the force-compression height curve of the end-of-life state of the second sealing part passes through the end-of-life working point of the second feature part. The second feature part includes a second cathode part, a second anode part, and a second sealing part.

[0009] In one optional implementation of the first aspect of the present invention, the free height of the second sealing part is the height of the second sealing part when it is not under pressure; The initial compression height of the first sealing part is the compression height of the first sealing part in its initial state after the cathode plate, anode plate and sealing element are assembled; The initial compression height of the second sealing part is the compression height of the second sealing part in its initial state after the cathode plate, anode plate and sealing element are assembled; The life-end compression height of the first sealing part is the compression height of the first sealing part after the cathode plate, anode plate and sealing component are assembled and the life-end state of the first sealing part. The end-of-life compression height of the second sealing part is the compression height of the second sealing part after the cathode plate, anode plate and sealing components are assembled, at the end of the life of the second sealing part.

[0010] In one optional implementation of the first aspect of the present invention, the first sealing part and the second sealing part are arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside in a plane parallel to the cathode plate or the anode plate, and the second sealing part is located outside the first sealing part. The first sealing part and the second sealing part are connected to each other; or, the first sealing part and the second sealing part are arranged independently of each other.

[0011] Secondly, the present invention provides a design method for a fuel cell sealing structure.

[0012] A design method for a fuel cell sealing structure, used to design the fuel cell sealing structure of the first aspect of the present invention, includes the following steps: Obtain the force-compression height curves of the first sealing part in the initial state and the end-of-life state. Subtract the force-compression height curve of the end-of-life state from the force-compression height curve of the initial state to obtain the BOL-EOL force-compression height curve of the first sealing part. The initial compression height of the first sealing part and the end-of-life compression height of the first sealing part are obtained. The initial compression height of the second sealing part and the end-of-life compression height of the second sealing part are also obtained. The initial compression height of the second sealing part is less than the initial compression height of the first sealing part, and the end-of-life compression height of the second sealing part is greater than the end-of-life compression height of the first sealing part. Read the forces at the initial compression height and the end-of-life compression height of the second seal from the BOL-EOL force-compression height curve of the first seal. Based on the obtained force, the initial operating point of the second feature section and the end-of-life operating point of the second feature section are determined, wherein the second feature section includes a second cathode section, a second sealing section and a second anode section; The free height of the second sealing part is specified such that the free height of the second sealing part is less than the initial compression height of the first sealing part. The force-compression height curve of the second sealing part in its initial state passes through the free height reference point of the second sealing part and the initial working point of the second feature part. The force-compression height curve of the second sealing part in its end-of-life state passes through the end-of-life working point of the second feature part.

[0013] Thirdly, the present invention provides a method for preparing a fuel cell sealing structure.

[0014] A method for preparing a fuel cell sealing structure, used to manufacture the fuel cell sealing structure of the first aspect of the present invention, includes the following steps: A cathode plate and an anode plate are provided. A first sealing groove surface and a third sealing groove surface are formed on the cathode plate, and a second sealing groove surface and a fourth sealing groove surface are formed on the anode plate. The depth and position of each sealing groove are controlled so that when the cathode plate and anode plate are assembled to the target spacing along the stacking direction of the battery pack, the height of the space formed between the first sealing groove and the second sealing groove corresponds to the initial compression height of the first sealing part, and the height of the space formed between the third sealing groove and the fourth sealing groove corresponds to the initial compression height of the second sealing part; wherein, the target spacing is set to satisfy the condition that the initial compression height of the second sealing part is less than the initial compression height of the first sealing part. A sealing element made of elastic insulating material is prepared, wherein the first sealing part and the second sealing part of the sealing element are arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside, and during the molding process, the free height of the second sealing part is made smaller than the initial compression height of the first sealing part; When the second seal reaches the end of its service life, the end-of-life compression height of the second seal is greater than that of the first seal. Place the seal between the cathode plate and the anode plate, adjust the position of the seal so that the first sealing part is aligned and located between the first sealing groove surface and the second sealing groove surface, and so that the second sealing part is aligned and located between the third sealing groove surface and the fourth sealing groove surface. Pressure is applied to the cathode and anode plates along the stacking direction until the target spacing is reached. The first sealing part is compressed to the initial compression height of the first sealing part, thus completing the assembly of the fuel cell sealing structure.

[0015] Fourthly, the present invention provides a fuel cell sealing structure.

[0016] A fuel cell sealing structure includes a sealing element located between a cathode plate and an anode plate. The sealing element includes a first sealing portion, a second sealing portion, and a third sealing portion arranged sequentially from the inside out. Sealing part, wherein, If the value is a positive integer greater than 2, all sealing parts are subjected to pressure along the stacking direction of the fuel cell to generate sealing force; No. The initial compression height of the sealing part is less than that of the first sealing part to the second sealing part. The overall initial compression height of the sealing part; No. The end-of-life compression height of the seal is greater than that of the first seal to the second seal. The overall lifespan of the sealing component ends at the compression height. No. The free height of the sealing part is less than that of the first sealing part to the second sealing part. The overall initial compression height of the sealing part; First sealing part to the The overall initial compression height of the sealing part is less than or equal to that of the first sealing part to the second sealing part. The overall initial compression height of the sealing part.

[0017] In one optional implementation of the fourth aspect of the present invention, the... The initial force-compression height curve of the seal passes through the first... The free height reference point of the sealing part and the first The initial operating point of the feature section, the first The force-compression height curve of the seal at the end of its service life passes through the first... The end-of-life operating point of the feature section, the first The feature includes the first Cathode section, first Anode section and the first Sealing part.

[0018] In one optional implementation of the fourth aspect of the present invention, the... The free height of the sealing part is the first The height of the sealing part when it is not under pressure; No. The initial compression height of the sealing part is the height after the cathode plate, anode plate and sealing element are assembled. The initial height of the seal after compression; No. The initial compression height of the sealing part is the height after the cathode plate, anode plate and sealing element are assembled. The initial height of the seal after compression; First sealing part to the The overall initial compression height of the sealing part is the distance from the first sealing part to the second sealing part after the cathode plate, anode plate and sealing element are assembled. The maximum compressed height of the seal in its initial state; First sealing part to the The overall lifespan termination compression height of the sealing section is the distance from the first sealing section to the second sealing section after the cathode plate, anode plate, and sealing components are assembled. Maximum post-compression height of the seal at the end of its lifespan.

[0019] In one optional implementation of the fourth aspect of the present invention, the... Sealing part and the first The sealing parts are arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside in a plane parallel to the cathode or anode plate. The sealing part is located in the first The exterior of the sealing part; No. Sealing part and the first The sealing parts are connected to each other; or, the first Sealing part and the first The sealing components are arranged independently.

[0020] Fifthly, the present invention provides a design method for a fuel cell sealing structure.

[0021] A design method for a fuel cell sealing structure, used to design the fuel cell sealing structure of the fourth aspect of the present invention, includes the following steps: Get the first sealing part to the first The force-compression height curves of the sealing part in the initial state and the end-of-life state are used to obtain the force-compression height curve of the first sealing part to the second sealing part. BOL-EOL force-height curve after compression of the sealing part; Obtain the first sealing part to the first The overall initial compression height and overall end-of-life compression height of the sealing part are used to obtain the first... Initial compression height of the seal and the first The life-end compression height of the seal, the first The initial compression height of the sealing part is less than that of the first sealing part to the second sealing part. The overall initial compression height of the sealing part, the first The end-of-life compression height of the seal is greater than that of the first seal to the second seal. The overall lifespan of the sealing component ends at the compression height. The post-compression heights were read from the BOL-EOL force-post-compression height curve, respectively. The initial compression height of the seal and the first The force at the compression height at the end of the lifespan of the seal; Based on the obtained force, determine the first The initial working point of the feature and the first The characteristic end-of-life operating point, where the first The feature includes the first Cathode section, first Anode section and the first Sealing part; Specify the The free height of the sealing part makes the first The free height of the sealing part is less than that of the first sealing part to the second sealing part. The overall initial compression height of the sealing part, the first The initial force-compression height curve of the seal passes through the first... The free height reference point of the sealing part and the first The initial operating point of the feature section, the first The force-compression height curve of the seal at the end of its service life passes through the first... The characteristic end-of-life operating point; First sealing part to the The overall initial compression height of the sealing part is less than or equal to that of the first sealing part to the second sealing part. The overall initial compression height of the sealing part.

[0022] Sixthly, the present invention provides a method for preparing a fuel cell sealing structure.

[0023] A method for preparing a fuel cell sealing structure, used to manufacture the fuel cell sealing structure of the fourth aspect of the present invention, includes the following steps: A cathode plate and an anode plate are provided, and a corresponding first sealing portion to the second sealing portion are formed on the cathode plate. The first to the second sealing part The sealing groove surface is formed on the anode plate to form the corresponding first sealing part to the second sealing part. The second to the third sealing part Sealing groove surface; Controlling the depth and position of each sealing groove ensures that when the cathode plate and anode plate are assembled to the target spacing along the stacking direction of the fuel cell, the first sealing part to the second sealing part... The total height of the space formed between the groove surfaces corresponding to the sealing parts corresponds to the height of the first sealing part to the second sealing part. The overall initial compression height of the sealing part, the first The height of the space formed between the groove surfaces corresponding to the sealing part corresponds to the first Initial compression height of the seal; The target spacing setting satisfies: the first The initial compression height of the sealing part is less than that of the first sealing part to the second sealing part. The overall initial compression height of the sealing part, and from the first sealing part to the second The overall initial compression height of the sealing part is less than or equal to that of the first sealing part to the second sealing part. The overall initial compression height of the sealing part; Prepare a sealing element made of elastic insulating material, wherein the first sealing portion of the sealing element is to the second sealing portion... The sealing parts are arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside. During the molding process, the first... The free height of the sealing part is less than that of the first sealing part to the second sealing part. The overall initial compression height of the sealing part; In the In the end-of-life state of the seal, the first The end-of-life compression height of the seal is greater than that of the first seal to the second seal. The overall lifespan of the sealing component ends at the compression height. Place the seal between the cathode plate and the anode plate, and adjust the position of the seal so that each seal is aligned and located between the corresponding sealing groove surfaces. Pressure is applied to the cathode and anode plates along the stacking direction of the fuel cell until the target spacing is reached. Each sealing part is compressed to the corresponding initial compression height, thus completing the assembly of the fuel cell sealing structure.

[0024] In a seventh aspect, the present invention provides a fuel cell, including a cathode plate, an anode plate, a membrane electrode assembly, and a fuel cell sealing structure according to the first or fourth aspect of the present invention, wherein a sealing element of the fuel cell sealing structure is located between the cathode plate and the anode plate, and the membrane electrode assembly is connected to the sealing element.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: This invention innovatively proposes a double-sealing structure ( By precisely coupling the spatial arrangement and mechanical parameters of the inner and outer sealing units, a dynamic adaptive sealing force compensation mechanism is constructed. The inner first sealing part undertakes the main sealing function during the initial operation of the fuel cell stack, ensuring strict isolation between the reactant gas and the cooling medium. As the material creep causes its sealing force to decay, the outer second sealing part smoothly intervenes in the middle and later stages and takes over the pressure thanks to the key parameter design that "the compression height at the end of the life is between the initial and final compression height of the first sealing part". This design not only effectively avoids the leakage risk caused by the sudden drop in sealing force at the end of the life of traditional single-seal systems, but also significantly suppresses the core height collapse through the synergistic support of the two units in the stacking direction, maintaining the uniformity of the contact pressure between the bipolar plates and the membrane electrode. This structure enables the fuel cell stack to maintain its sealing integrity after thousands of hours of high temperature and high humidity cycling, greatly improving the system's environmental adaptability and long-term operational reliability under vibration and start-up / shutdown conditions, and providing a practical engineering solution to the durability bottleneck of automotive fuel cells.

[0026] This invention innovatively proposes a multi-stage sealing structure ( This elevates the concept of sealing compensation to a new level of refinement and redundancy. The inner multi-stage sealing unit (from the 1st to...) (Level) forms a high sealing barrier in the early stages of operation, while the outermost layer... As a long-term protection unit, the sealing section, constrained by gradient parameters such as "the end-of-life compression height is greater than the sum of the end-of-life heights of all internal stages," intervenes in stages during the aging process, achieving a smooth transition and full-cycle coverage of the sealing force decay curve. This design is particularly suitable for ultra-long-life applications such as heavy-duty commercial vehicles and stationary power plants, effectively avoiding a step-by-step drop in sealing performance. The multi-level redundancy architecture also endows the system with excellent fault tolerance; even if a local sealing unit fails due to impurity intrusion or micro-damage, the remaining levels can still maintain basic sealing functions, significantly enhancing the safety margin of the stack under extreme operating conditions. Engineering practice has proven that this structure can extend the effective sealing life to more than 1.5 times that of traditional solutions, opening up a new path for the development of high-reliability fuel cell systems.

[0027] This invention innovatively proposes a design method for fuel cell sealing structures, upgrading seal development from experience-based trial and error to data-driven precision engineering. This method uses the difference in force-displacement characteristic curves before and after material aging to scientifically quantify the seal force decay law, and anchors the target sealing force and total height of each sealing section on the curve based on preset height constraints. By coupling the electrode groove depth parameters, it directly guides the optimized design of the seal cross-sectional profile and free height, ensuring a high degree of consistency between theoretical parameters and actual performance. This process not only significantly shortens the R&D cycle and reduces prototyping costs, but also empowers engineers with the ability to rapidly customize for different elastomer materials (such as fluororubber and silicone composite systems) or special operating conditions (such as -30℃ cold start and high humidity environments). Seamless integration of design output and manufacturing input enables the sealing structure to move from "usable" to "precisely adapted," laying a methodological foundation for the standardization and modular development of fuel cell sealing technology.

[0028] This invention innovatively proposes a method for fabricating a fuel cell sealing structure, achieving a complete improvement across the entire chain from precision machining to overall stack performance. The process emphasizes micron-level control of the parallelism and concentricity of the electrode slots, precise adjustment of the free height of various features during the integrated molding of the sealing component, and closed-loop pressure-displacement management during the assembly and clamping process. This ensures that height constraints are implemented with zero deviation in the physical form. When this sealing structure is integrated with the membrane electrode assembly (MEA) and bipolar plates into a fuel cell unit, it not only eliminates cross-leakage of the medium but also indirectly optimizes the flow field distribution and interfacial contact resistance by suppressing core collapse. Experimental data shows that the gas leakage rate of the fuel cell stack equipped with this technology remains consistently below the safety threshold after 5000 hours of accelerated aging, and the output power decay is significantly slowed down. This three-in-one innovation of structure, process, and system effectively propels fuel cells from laboratory prototypes to highly reliable, long-life engineering products, injecting key momentum into cost reduction, efficiency improvement, and market promotion for industrialization.

[0029] Advantages of additional aspects of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0030] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the invention.

[0031] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a fuel cell sealing structure according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of an improved fuel cell sealing structure provided as an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing the relative distance between the electrode sealing groove surfaces, provided as an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 A force-compression height curve of the sealing portion provided as an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; Wherein, 1 is the cathode plate; 101 is the first cathode section; 102 is the second cathode section; 103 is the third cathode section. 1. Cathode section; 2. Anode plate; 201. First anode section; 202. Second anode section; 203. ... 3. Anode part; 3. Sealing element; 301. First sealing part; 302. Second sealing part; 303. The first sealing part; 4. Sealing part; 5. Membrane electrode; 6. First feature part; 7. Second feature part; 8. Third feature part Feature section. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0033] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are exemplary and intended to provide further illustration of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, the existing fuel cell sealing structure includes a cathode plate 1, an anode plate 2, and a seal 3. The membrane electrode 4 is combined with the seal 3 by means of bonding or other methods. This sealing structure is simple and cannot overcome the problems of sealing force attenuation and core height reduction caused by permanent compression deformation of the seal itself. The sealing life needs to be improved.

[0035] In view of this, this implementation proposes an improved fuel cell sealing structure, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the fuel cell sealing structure includes a cathode plate 1 (including a first cathode portion 101, a second cathode portion 102, ...). Cathode portion 103), anode plate 2 (including first anode portion 201, second anode portion 202, ..., the ... Anode part 203) and sealing element 3 (including first sealing part 301, second sealing part 302, ...) Sealing part 303). Specifically, the entire fuel cell sealing structure includes a first feature part 5 (including a first cathode part 101, a first anode part 201, and a first sealing part 301), a second feature part 6 (including a second cathode part 102, a second anode part 202, and a second sealing part 302), ... Feature 7 (including the first) Cathode section 103, No. Anode section 203 and the Sealing part 303), comprising: Each feature part ( Each feature includes a cathode, an anode, and a sealing portion. The cross-sectional shape of the sealing portion is not required. The first feature 5 to the... The spatial position of the feature part 7 is not specially limited, and the membrane electrode 4 is still combined with the sealing element 3 by means of bonding or other methods.

[0036] The following is a brief introduction to the technical terms and related concepts involved in this treatment plan, including: End-of-Life Compression Height: At the end of the design life cycle (EOL) of the fuel cell stack, after the cathode plate, anode plate and seals are assembled, the sealing part undergoes long-term pressure creep and aging, and the sealing force decays to the critical failure threshold. This is the final stable compression height of the sealing part in the stack stack direction.

[0037] Initial compression height: The height of the sealing part after being compressed in the stacking direction when the cathode plate, anode plate and seal are assembled and the fuel cell stack is just pressed to the target clamping force.

[0038] like Figure 3 As shown, taking the sealing groove surface of the first feature portion 5 as a reference (including the upper first sealing groove surface and the lower second sealing groove surface), the second cathode portion 102 to the... The distances between the sealing groove surface of the cathode section 103 and the reference (first sealing groove surface) are respectively The second anode section 202 to the... The distances between the sealing groove surface of the anode section 203 and the reference (second sealing groove surface) are respectively When the sealing groove surface is closer to the sealing part than the reference, the value of these distances is greater than 0; conversely, when the sealing groove surface is farther away from the sealing part than the reference, the value of these distances is less than 0.

[0039] like Figure 4 As shown, the first sealing part 301 to the second sealing part 302 The system consisting of sealing parts has a height of [missing information] after compression at BOL (initial state). (i.e., the overall initial compression height), the compressed height at EOL (end of life) is (i.e., the overall lifespan end-of-life compression height). The... The height of the sealing part 303 after compression during BOL is The height after compression at EOL is The first sealing part 301 to the second The system consisting of the sealing components is named in the force-compression height curve of BOL. The force-compression height curve of EOL is named The former minus the latter is named . No. The force-compression height curve of the sealing part 303 in BOL is named as follows: The force-compression height curve of EOL is named The former minus the latter is named On the curve Above, when the height after compression is At that time, the reading force value is When compressed, the height is At that time, the reading force value is .

[0040] definition ,definition .

[0041] The improved fuel cell sealing structure of this implementation has the following characteristic constraints: Feature constraint 1: ; ; Feature constraint 2: ; Feature constraint 3: ; Feature constraint 4: Passing Point and , Passing Point .

[0042] For feature constraint 1, a multi-level sealed "dynamic relay" logic kernel is constructed, in the initial stage (BOL), the first... The compression degree of the sealing part 303 (characterized by its compressed height) is lower than that of the inner multi-stage compression height, keeping it in a low-load "standby" state, with the inner sealing unit undertaking the main sealing task; as it ages during operation, the effective sealing force of the inner unit decreases due to material creep, while the... Because the initial pre-compression of the sealing part 303 is relatively small, it is gradually "activated" and compressed under the condition of constant stack height. At the end of its life (EOL), its compression degree surpasses the sum of the inner units, seamlessly taking over the main sealing role. This design precisely matches the time sequence characteristics of stress relaxation of the sealing material, transforming the risk of single-point failure into multi-stage collaborative protection, avoiding the cliff drop in sealing force in the middle and late stages of the life cycle, so that the overall sealing performance decay curve presents a gentle "plateau period", significantly extending the effective sealing window of the fuel cell stack.

[0043] Regarding feature constraint 2, limiting the free height of the outermost seal to be lower than the initial compression height of each inner unit essentially reserves a precise "stroke trigger threshold." During the stack pressing process, when the inner sealing unit is compressed to the design height, the first... The sealing part 303, due to its low free height, falls precisely within the micro-preload range. This avoids assembly failure due to excessive free height and also prevents premature consumption of its compensation potential due to excessive initial compression. This parameter forms a closed-loop logic with feature constraint 1: ensuring the first... The sealing part 303 maintains a "low level of intervention" before the middle of its lifespan, and is only activated in an orderly manner when the inner unit decays to the critical point.

[0044] Regarding feature constraint 3, this constraint implies that the initial compression of the inner multi-stage sealing unit exhibits a gradient distribution strategy of "strong at the center and weak at the periphery," numerically requiring the addition of the third... After the sealing section, the inner compression height decreases instead of increasing, which essentially forces the sealing force of each level on the inner side to decrease progressively from the inside out. For example, the innermost first sealing section 301 bears the highest initial sealing force to cope with the high-pressure zone of the reactant gas, while the... The sealing section, acting as an inner "buffer layer," initially experiences a low load, reserving attenuation space for subsequent loads. By optimizing the load distribution logic of the inner sealing unit, the risk of cascading leaks caused by the initial failure of a single inner unit due to overload is avoided. The gradient design makes the sealing force attenuation exhibit a multi-stage, gradual characteristic, extending the overall effective working time of the inner unit. At the same time, it reduces the risk of microcracks caused by stress abrupt changes at the sealing groove interface, improving the structural durability of the fuel cell stack under frequent start-stop and variable load conditions.

[0045] For feature constraint 4, the abstract design parameters are transformed into quantifiable and verifiable mechanical performance anchor points. Locking in the intrinsic free state of the material; point With point The design addresses the operational requirements at the time of stack assembly (initial state) and at the end of the lifespan (end of lifespan), respectively, enabling "on-demand customization" and "process controllability" of sealing performance. This ensures a high degree of consistency between theoretical design and actual performance. In engineering applications, this constraint provides clear criteria for incoming material inspection and aging prediction of sealing components (such as verifying curve passing through the point by compression rebound testing), significantly shortening the development iteration cycle, reducing trial production costs, and laying a methodological foundation for the standardization and modularization of fuel cell sealing technology.

[0046] To better align with specific application scenarios, the following will be divided into two categories: The first case includes the first feature part 5 and the second feature part 6.

[0047] The improved fuel cell sealing structure includes a first sealing part 301 and a second sealing part 302 arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside. The first sealing part 301 and the second sealing part 302 are compressed along the stacking direction of the fuel cell to generate a sealing force. Initial compression height of the second sealing part 302 Less than the initial compression height of the first sealing part 301 The second seal 302's lifespan ends at the compression height. Greater than the life-end compression height of the first seal 301 The free height of the second sealing part 302 Less than the initial compression height of the first sealing part 301 .

[0048] To further improve the sealing effect, the force-compression height curve of the second sealing part 302 (i.e., the initial state) is shown. Passing point and The force-compression height curve of the second sealing part 302 at EOL (i.e., end of service state) Passing point .

[0049] The fuel cell sealing structure composed of the first feature portion 5 and the second feature portion 6 is determined by the following method: Step S1: Obtain the force-compression height curves of the first feature 5 under BOL and EOL conditions through simulation or testing, respectively. and Subtract the force-compression height curve of EOL from the force-compression height curve of BOL to obtain the force-compression height curve of BOL-EOL. ); Step S2: Specify or measure the compression height of the first feature 5 under BOL ( Compression height under EOL ( ), specifying the compression height of the second seal 302 under BOL ( Compression height under EOL ( (), meets the following conditions: , ,exist The compressed heights read from the curve are respectively and The force below and ; Step S3: Designate the second cathode portion 102 and the second anode portion and According to the formula ,calculate According to the formula ,calculate ; Step S4: Design the cross-section of the second sealing part 302 and specify the initial height of the second sealing part 302. (), meets the following conditions: Through simulation or actual measurement, the force-compression height curve of the BOL of the second sealing part 302 was determined. Passing point and The force-compression height curve of the EOL of the second sealing part 302 ( Passing point The cross-sectional shape of the second sealing part 302 is not required. For example, it can be one of the following: rectangular, trapezoidal, circular, semi-circular or wavy, or other shapes. Those skilled in the art can choose according to the specific working conditions, which will not be elaborated here.

[0050] The preparation method of the above structure may optionally include the following process: A cathode plate 1 and an anode plate 2 are provided. A first sealing groove surface and a third sealing groove surface are formed on the cathode plate 1, and a second sealing groove surface and a fourth sealing groove surface are formed on the anode plate 2. The depth and position of each sealing groove are controlled so that when the cathode plate 1 and the anode plate 2 are assembled to the target spacing along the stacking direction of the battery pack, the height of the space formed between the first sealing groove surface and the second sealing groove surface corresponds to the initial compression height of the first sealing part 301, and the height of the space formed between the third sealing groove surface and the fourth sealing groove surface corresponds to the initial compression height of the second sealing part 302; wherein, the target spacing is set to satisfy the condition that the initial compression height of the second sealing part 302 is less than the initial compression height of the first sealing part 301. A sealing element made of elastic insulating material is prepared. The first sealing part 301 and the second sealing part 302 of the sealing element are arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside and connected to each other (or arranged independently). During the molding process, the free height of the second sealing part 302 is made smaller than the initial compression height of the first sealing part 301. In the end-of-life state of the second sealing part 302, the end-of-life compression height of the second sealing part 302 is greater than the end-of-life compression height of the first sealing part 301. Place the seal between the cathode plate 1 and the anode plate 2, adjust the position of the seal 3 so that the first sealing part 301 is aligned and located between the first sealing groove surface and the second sealing groove surface, and the second sealing part 302 is aligned and located between the third sealing groove surface and the fourth sealing groove surface. Pressure is applied to the cathode plate 1 and anode plate 2 along the stacking direction of the fuel cell until the target spacing is reached. The first sealing part 301 is compressed to the initial compression height of the first sealing part 301, thus completing the assembly of the fuel cell sealing structure.

[0051] The second case: includes the first feature part 5, the second feature part 6, and so on. Feature 7, .

[0052] The improved fuel cell sealing structure at this time includes a first sealing part 301, a second sealing part 302, and a third sealing part 303 arranged sequentially from the inside out. Sealing part 303, wherein, If the value is a positive integer greater than 2, all sealing parts are subjected to pressure along the stacking direction of the fuel cell to generate sealing force; No. The initial compression height of the sealing part 303 is less than that of the first sealing part 301 to the second sealing part 303. The overall initial compression height of the sealing part; the first The end-of-life compression height of sealing part 303 is greater than that of the first sealing part 301 to the second sealing part 303. Overall lifespan end compression height of the seal; The free height of sealing part 303 is less than that of the first sealing part 301 to the second sealing part 302. The overall initial compression height of the sealing part; the first sealing part 301 to the second The overall initial compression height of the sealing part is less than or equal to that of the first sealing part 301 to the second sealing part 302. The overall initial compression height of the sealing part.

[0053] The fuel cell sealing structure for the second scenario is determined using the following method: Step K1: Determine the fuel cell sealing structure composed of the first feature part 5 and the second feature part 6 according to steps S1-S4; Step K2: Obtain the force-compression height curves of the system composed of the first feature part 5 and the second feature part 6 under BOL and EOL conditions through simulation or testing, respectively. and Subtract the force-compression height curve of EOL from the force-compression height curve of BOL to obtain the force-compression height curve of BOL-EOL. ); Step K3: Specify or measure the compression height of the first feature 5 and the second feature 6 under BOL. Compression height under EOL The compression height of the third seal under BOL is specified. Compression height under EOL ( (), meets the following conditions: , , ,exist The compressed heights read from the curve are respectively and The force below and ; Step K4: Specify the third cathode section and the third anode section and According to the formula ,calculate According to the formula ,calculate ; Step K5: Design the cross-section of the third sealing part and specify its initial height. (i.e., the free height without compression), satisfying the following conditions: The force-compression height curve of the BOL of the third sealing part was determined through simulation or actual measurement. Passing point and The force-compression height curve of the EOL of the third seal ( Passing point The shape of the cross-section is not required; Step K6: Following this pattern, obtain the first feature part 5 to the second feature part 6 through simulation or testing. The force-compression height curves of the system composed of feature parts at BOL and EOL are respectively and Subtract the force-compression height curve of EOL from the force-compression height curve of BOL to obtain the force-compression height curve of BOL-EOL. ); Step K7: Specify or measure the first feature part 5 to the... Feature compression height under BOL Compression height under EOL Specify the first The compression height of the sealing part 303 under BOL ( Compression height under EOL ( (), meets the following conditions: , , ,exist The compressed heights read from the curve are respectively and The force below and ; Step K8: Specify the first Cathode section 103 and the Anode section 203 and According to the formula ,calculate According to the formula ,calculate ; Step K9: Proceed to the next step The cross-sectional design of the sealing part 303 specifies the first The initial height of the sealing part 303 ( (), meets the following conditions: The first is determined through simulation or actual measurement. Force-compression height curve of BOL in sealing part 303 ( Passing point and , No. Force-compression height curve of EOL of sealing part 303 ( Passing point The shape of the cross-section is not required.

[0054] The preparation method of the above structure may optionally include the following process: A cathode plate 1 and an anode plate 2 are provided, and corresponding first sealing portions 301 to 302 are formed on the cathode plate 1. The first to the second sealing part 303 The sealing groove surface is formed on the anode plate 2 to form the corresponding first sealing part 301 to the second sealing part 301. The second to the third sealing part 303 Sealing groove surface; Controlling the depth and position of each sealing groove surface ensures that when the cathode plate 1 and anode plate 2 are assembled to the target spacing along the stacking direction of the fuel cell, the first sealing part 301 to the second sealing part 302... The total height of the space formed between the groove surfaces corresponding to the sealing parts corresponds to the height of the first sealing part 301 to the second sealing part 302. The overall initial compression height of the sealing part, the first The height of the space formed between the groove surfaces corresponding to the sealing part 303 corresponds to the first The initial compression height of the sealing part 303; The target spacing setting satisfies: the first The initial compression height of the sealing part 303 is less than that of the first sealing part 301 to the second sealing part 303. The overall initial compression height of the sealing part, and the first sealing part 301 to the second sealing part 301 The overall initial compression height of the sealing part is less than or equal to that of the first sealing part 301 to the second sealing part 302. The overall initial compression height of the sealing part; Prepare a sealing element made of elastic insulating material, wherein the first sealing portion 301 to the second sealing portion 301 of the sealing element are respectively prepared. The sealing parts 303 are arranged sequentially from the inside out and connected to each other (or arranged independently); during the molding process, the first... The free height of sealing part 303 is less than that of the first sealing part 301 to the second sealing part 302. The overall initial compression height of the sealing part; In the In the end-of-life state of the sealing part 303, the first The end-of-life compression height of sealing part 303 is greater than that of the first sealing part 301 to the second sealing part 303. The overall lifespan of the sealing component ends at the compression height. Place the sealing element 3 between the cathode plate 1 and the anode plate 2, and adjust the position of the sealing element 3 so that each sealing part is aligned and located between the corresponding sealing groove surfaces; Pressure is applied to the cathode plate 1 and anode plate 2 along the stacking direction of the fuel cell until the target spacing is reached. Each sealing part is compressed to the corresponding initial compression height, thus completing the assembly of the fuel cell sealing structure.

[0055] This implementation also proposes a fuel cell, including a cathode plate 1, an anode plate 2, a membrane electrode 4, and the above-mentioned improved fuel cell sealing structure. The sealing element 3 of the fuel cell sealing structure is located between the cathode plate 1 and the anode plate 2, and the membrane electrode 4 is connected to the sealing element 3. The improved fuel cell sealing structure has stress relaxation compensation function, improves sealing life, and alleviates the decrease in fuel cell stack core height caused by creep of sealing material.

[0056] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fuel cell sealing structure, comprising a sealing element (3) located between a cathode plate (1) and an anode plate (2), characterized in that, The sealing element (3) includes a first sealing part (301) and a second sealing part (302) arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside. The first sealing part (301) and the second sealing part (302) are pressed along the stacking direction of the fuel cell to generate a sealing force. The initial compression height of the second sealing part (302) is less than the initial compression height of the first sealing part (301), the life-end compression height of the second sealing part (302) is greater than the life-end compression height of the first sealing part (301), and the free height of the second sealing part (302) is less than the initial compression height of the first sealing part (301).

2. The fuel cell sealing structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The force-compression height curve of the initial state of the second sealing part (302) passes through the free height reference point of the second sealing part (302) and the initial working point of the second feature part (6). The force-compression height curve of the end-of-life state of the second sealing part (302) passes through the end-of-life working point of the second feature part (6). The second feature part (6) includes the second cathode part (102), the second anode part (202) and the second sealing part (302).

3. The fuel cell sealing structure as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The free height of the second sealing part (302) is the height of the second sealing part (302) when it is not under pressure; The initial compression height of the first sealing part (301) is the initial compression height of the first sealing part (301) after the cathode plate (1), the anode plate (2) and the sealing member (3) are assembled; The initial compression height of the second sealing part (302) is the initial compression height of the second sealing part (302) after the cathode plate (1), the anode plate (2) and the sealing member (3) are assembled; The life-end compression height of the first sealing part (301) is the compression height of the first sealing part (301) in the life-end state after the cathode plate (1), the anode plate (2) and the sealing element (3) are assembled. The life-end compression height of the second sealing part (302) is the compression height of the second sealing part (302) in the life-end state after the cathode plate (1), the anode plate (2) and the sealing element (3) are assembled.

4. The fuel cell sealing structure as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The first sealing part (301) and the second sealing part (302) are arranged from the inside to the outside in a plane parallel to the cathode plate (1) or the anode plate (2), and the second sealing part (302) is located outside the first sealing part (301); The first sealing part (301) and the second sealing part (302) are connected to each other; or, the first sealing part (301) and the second sealing part (302) are arranged independently of each other.

5. A design method for a fuel cell sealing structure, used to design the fuel cell sealing structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Obtain the force-compression height curves of the first sealing part (301) in the initial state and the end-of-life state, and subtract the force-compression height curve of the end-of-life state from the force-compression height curve of the initial state to obtain the BOL-EOL force-compression height curve of the first sealing part (301). The initial compression height of the first sealing part (301) and the end-of-life compression height of the first sealing part (301) are obtained, and the initial compression height of the second sealing part (302) and the end-of-life compression height of the second sealing part (302) are obtained. The initial compression height of the second sealing part (302) is less than the initial compression height of the first sealing part (301), and the end-of-life compression height of the second sealing part (302) is greater than the end-of-life compression height of the first sealing part (301). Read the forces at the initial compression height of the second seal (302) and the life-end compression height of the second seal (302) from the BOL-EOL force-compression height curve of the first seal (301); Based on the obtained force, the initial operating point of the second feature part (6) and the end of the life of the second feature part (6) are determined, wherein the second feature part (6) includes a second cathode part (102), a second sealing part (302) and a second anode part (202). The free height of the second sealing part (302) is specified such that the free height of the second sealing part (302) is less than the initial compression height of the first sealing part (301). The force-compression height curve of the initial state of the second sealing part (302) passes through the free height reference point of the second sealing part (302) and the initial working point of the second feature part (6). The force-compression height curve of the end-of-life state of the second sealing part (302) passes through the end-of-life working point of the second feature part (6).

6. A method for preparing a fuel cell sealing structure, used to manufacture the fuel cell sealing structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The cathode plate (1) and the anode plate (2) are provided, and a first sealing groove surface and a third sealing groove surface are formed on the cathode plate (1), and a second sealing groove surface and a fourth sealing groove surface are formed on the anode plate (2); The depth and position of each sealing groove are controlled so that when the cathode plate (1) and the anode plate (2) are assembled to the target spacing along the stacking direction, the height of the space formed between the first sealing groove and the second sealing groove corresponds to the initial compression height of the first sealing part (301), and the height of the space formed between the third sealing groove and the fourth sealing groove corresponds to the initial compression height of the second sealing part (302); wherein, the target spacing is set to satisfy the following: the initial compression height of the second sealing part (302) is less than the initial compression height of the first sealing part (301); The sealing element (3) is made of elastic insulating material. The first sealing part (301) and the second sealing part (302) of the sealing element (3) are arranged from the inside to the outside. During the molding process, the free height of the second sealing part (302) is made smaller than the initial compression height of the first sealing part (301). In the end-of-life state of the second sealing part (302), the end-of-life compression height of the second sealing part (302) is greater than the end-of-life compression height of the first sealing part (301). Place the sealing element (3) between the cathode plate (1) and the anode plate (2), adjust the position of the sealing element (3) so that the first sealing part (301) is aligned and located between the first sealing groove surface and the second sealing groove surface, and the second sealing part (302) is aligned and located between the third sealing groove surface and the fourth sealing groove surface. Pressure is applied to the cathode plate (1) and the anode plate (2) along the stacking direction of the fuel cell until the target spacing is reached. The first sealing part (301) is compressed to the initial compression height of the first sealing part (301), thus completing the assembly of the fuel cell sealing structure.

7. A fuel cell sealing structure, comprising a sealing element (3) located between a cathode plate (1) and an anode plate (2), characterized in that, The sealing element (3) includes a first sealing part (301), a second sealing part (302) and a third sealing part (303) arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside. Sealing part (303), wherein, If the value is a positive integer greater than 2, all sealing parts are subjected to pressure along the stacking direction of the fuel cell to generate sealing force; The first The initial compression height of the sealing part (303) is less than that of the first sealing part (301) to the second sealing part (303). The overall initial compression height of the sealing part; The first The end-of-life compression height of the sealing part (303) is greater than that of the first sealing part (301) to the third. The overall lifespan of the sealing component ends at the compression height. The first The free height of the sealing part (303) is less than that of the first sealing part (301) to the third sealing part (303). The overall initial compression height of the sealing part; The first sealing part (301) to the first The overall initial compression height of the sealing part is less than or equal to that of the first sealing part (301) to the second sealing part (302). The overall initial compression height of the sealing part.

8. The fuel cell sealing structure as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The first The force-compression height curve of the initial state of the sealing part (303) passes through the first... The free height reference point of the sealing part (303) and the first The initial operating point of feature (7), the first The force-compression height curve of the sealing part (303) at the end of its service life passes through the first... The end-of-life operating point of feature (7), the first Feature (7) includes the first Cathode section (103), the first Anode portion (203) and the aforementioned first Sealing part (303).

9. The fuel cell sealing structure as described in claim 7 or 8, characterized in that, The first The free height of the sealing part (303) is the first Height of the sealing part (303) when it is not under pressure; The first The initial compression height of the sealing part is after the cathode plate (1), the anode plate (2), and the sealing element (3) are assembled. The initial compressed height of the seal; The first The initial compression height of the sealing part (303) is the height after the cathode plate (1), the anode plate (2) and the sealing element (3) are assembled. The initial compressed height of the sealing part (303); The first sealing part (301) to the first The overall initial compression height of the sealing part is the distance from the first sealing part (301) to the first sealing part (301) after the cathode plate (1), the anode plate (2) and the sealing element (3) are assembled. The maximum compressed height of the seal in its initial state; The first sealing part (301) to the first The overall lifespan termination compression height of the sealing part is the distance from the first sealing part (301) to the first sealing part (301) after the cathode plate (1), the anode plate (2) and the sealing element (3) are assembled. Maximum post-compression height of the seal at the end of its lifespan.

10. The fuel cell sealing structure as described in claim 7 or 8, characterized in that, The first The sealing part and the first The sealing portions (303) are arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside in a plane parallel to the cathode plate (1) or the anode plate (2), wherein the first... The sealing part is located in the first The exterior of the sealing part (303); The first The sealing part and the first The sealing parts (303) are interconnected; or, the first The sealing part and the first The sealing parts (303) are arranged independently of each other.

11. A method for designing a fuel cell sealing structure, used to design a fuel cell sealing structure as described in any one of claims 7 to 10, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Obtain the first sealing part (301) to the first The force-compression height curves of the sealing part in the initial state and the end-of-life state are used to subtract the force-compression height curve of the end-of-life state from the force-compression height curve of the initial state to obtain the first sealing part (301) to the second. BOL-EOL force-compression height curve of the sealing part; Obtain the first sealing part (301) to the first The overall initial compression height and overall end-of-life compression height of the sealing part are used to obtain the first... Initial compression height of the seal and the first The end-of-life compression height of the seal (303), the first The initial compression height of the sealing part is less than that of the first sealing part (301) to the second sealing part. The overall initial compression height of the sealing part, the first The end-of-life compression height of the seal is greater than that of the first seal (301) to the second seal. The overall lifespan of the sealing component ends at the compression height. The compressed heights were read from the BOL-EOL force-compression height curve, and were respectively the first... The initial compression height of the sealing part (303) and the first Force at the end-of-life compression height of the seal (303); Based on the obtained force, determine the first The initial working point of feature (7) and the first The characteristic end-of-life operating point, wherein the first Feature (7) includes the first Cathode section (103), the first Anode portion (203) and the aforementioned first Sealing part (303); Specify the first The free height of the sealing part (303) allows the first The free height of the sealing part (303) is less than that of the first sealing part (301) to the third sealing part (303). The overall initial compression height of the sealing part, the first The force-compression height curve of the initial state of the sealing part (303) passes through the first... The free height reference point of the sealing part (303) and the first The initial operating point of feature (7), the first The force-compression height curve of the sealing part (303) at the end of its service life passes through the first... The characteristic end-of-life operating point; The first sealing part (301) to the first The overall initial compression height of the sealing portion is less than or equal to that of the first sealing portion (301) to the second sealing portion (301). The overall initial compression height of the sealing part.

12. A method for preparing a fuel cell sealing structure, used to manufacture the fuel cell sealing structure as described in any one of claims 7 to 10, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The cathode plate (1) and the anode plate (2) are provided, and a corresponding first sealing portion (301) is formed on the cathode plate (1). The first to the second sealing part (303) The sealing groove surface is formed on the anode plate (2) corresponding to the first sealing part (301) to the second sealing part (301). The second to the third sealing part Sealing groove surface; Controlling the depth and position of each sealing groove surface ensures that when the cathode plate (1) and the anode plate (2) are assembled to the target spacing along the stacking direction, the first sealing part (301) to the first sealing part (2) are connected. The total height of the space formed between the groove surfaces corresponding to the sealing portions corresponds to the height from the first sealing portion (301) to the first sealing portion (301). The overall initial compression height of the sealing part, the first The height of the space formed between the groove surfaces corresponding to the sealing part (303) corresponds to the height of the first... The initial compression height of the sealing part (303); The setting of the target spacing satisfies: the first The initial compression height of the sealing part (303) is less than that of the first sealing part (301) to the third The overall initial compression height of the sealing portion, and the first sealing portion (301) to the first The overall initial compression height of the sealing portion is less than or equal to that of the first sealing portion (301) to the second sealing portion (301). The overall initial compression height of the sealing part; Prepare the seal (3) made of elastic insulating material, wherein the first sealing portion (301) to the second sealing portion (302) of the seal (3) are respectively prepared. The sealing parts (303) are arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside; during the molding process, the first sealing part (303) is made to... The free height of the sealing part (303) is less than that of the first sealing part (301) to the third sealing part (303). The overall initial compression height of the sealing part; In the In the end-of-life state of the sealing part (303), the first The end-of-life compression height of the sealing part (303) is greater than that of the first sealing part (301) to the first The overall lifespan of the sealing component ends at the compression height. Place the sealing element (3) between the cathode plate (1) and the anode plate (2), and adjust the position of the sealing element (3) so that each sealing part is aligned and located between the corresponding sealing groove surfaces; Pressure is applied to the cathode plate (1) and the anode plate (2) along the stacking direction of the fuel cell until the target spacing is reached, and each sealing part is compressed to the corresponding initial compression height, thus completing the assembly of the fuel cell sealing structure.

13. A fuel cell, characterized in that, The fuel cell includes a cathode plate (1), an anode plate (2), a membrane electrode (4), and a fuel cell sealing structure according to any one of claims 1-4, 7-10. The sealing element (3) of the fuel cell sealing structure is located between the cathode plate (1) and the anode plate (2), and the membrane electrode (4) is connected to the sealing element (3).

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