Lithium ion battery and plug fastening adjustment method thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of lithium ion battery, especially to a kind of lithium ion battery and the plug fastening adjustment method of lithium ion battery.Lithium ion battery includes, battery body, at least one plug, the plug includes male rubber shell;At least one conductor insertion tube is arranged in the cavity of male rubber shell, each conductor insertion tube includes, fixed tube is fixed in male rubber shell, fixed tube has the first opening extending along the axial direction, open-close tube is movably arranged in male rubber shell, open-close tube has the second opening extending along the axial direction, the second opening is parallel to and opposite to the first opening, driving mechanism is connected with the rear end of open-close tube, for driving open-close tube to move, so that open-close tube is close to or away from fixed tube, so that the first opening and the second opening are closed or separated;The positive electrode and the negative electrode of battery body are respectively electrically connected with two conductor insertion tubes in plug one by one, and the present application is beneficial to improve the reliability of plug electrical connection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of plug electrical connections, and more specifically to a lithium-ion battery and a method for adjusting the tightness of the lithium-ion battery plug. Background Technology

[0002] Connectors, especially battery pack connectors, are critical electrical connection components in new energy applications such as electric vehicles and energy storage systems. Their connection reliability directly affects system safety and lifespan. Poor connector contact is one of the core issues leading to insufficient stability of electrical equipment. Connectors face multiple environmental stresses during use, including vibration, impact, and temperature changes, requiring them to possess high vibration resistance and contact reliability. The new national standard GB / T 37133-2025, "High-Voltage Connection Systems for Electric Vehicles," has systematically set requirements for connector performance indicators such as holding force and contact resistance. It stipulates that connectors with a maximum continuous current greater than 40A must have a minimum holding force of no less than 500N and recommends the use of a mechanical locking mechanism with a secondary locking structure. However, existing battery pack connectors still have significant technical deficiencies in terms of locking reliability and contact status sensing.

[0003] Regarding locking structures, existing plugs mostly employ traditional mechanical snap-fit ​​or manual bolt locking methods. Taking the connection of a power battery pack as an example, copper busbars are often used as conductors between battery cells, and the installation method is bolt tightening. The contact resistance between the battery and the copper busbars is affected by the bolt tightening force. If the bolts loosen due to vibration during vehicle operation, the contact resistance will increase exponentially or approach infinity. Once the contact resistance increases dramatically, the temperature of the battery cell will rise, potentially leading to battery failure or even combustion. Furthermore, after the plug and socket are mated, the connection is usually maintained solely by the frictional force generated by a single mechanical snap-fit ​​or interference fit. The reliability of the locking depends on manual operation or simple mechanical structures. After long-term use, loosening can easily occur due to component aging, vibration, or accidental contact by external forces, leading to circuit interruption or poor contact. Summary of the Invention

[0004] One of the objectives of this invention is to provide a method for adjusting the fastening of a lithium-ion battery plug, thereby improving the electrical connection reliability of the lithium-ion battery power plug and solving the problem of insufficient locking reliability in the prior art.

[0005] An embodiment of the present invention provides a lithium-ion battery, comprising, Battery body, At least one plug, the plug comprising: Male plastic shell; At least one conductor cannula is disposed within the lumen of the male housing, and each conductor cannula includes, A fixing tube is fixed inside the male plastic shell, and the fixing tube has a first opening extending axially. An opening / closing tube is movably disposed within the male housing. The opening / closing tube has a second opening extending axially, the second opening being parallel and directly opposite to the first opening. A driving mechanism is connected to the rear end of the opening and closing tube and is used to drive the opening and closing tube to move, so that the opening and closing tube moves closer to or away from the fixed tube, so that the first opening and the second opening are closed or separated. The positive and negative terminals of the battery body are electrically connected to the two conductor tubes in the plug, one-to-one.

[0006] Optionally, the outer rear wall of the opening and closing tube is provided with a rack portion, each tooth of the rack portion extending along the axial direction of the opening and closing tube, and multiple teeth arranged in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the opening and closing tube; The driving mechanism includes an adjusting rack and a driving gear. The adjusting rack has a first surface and a second surface facing away from each other. A first tooth is provided on the first surface and a second tooth is provided on the second surface. The second tooth of the adjusting rack meshes with the rack portion of the opening and closing tube, and the driving gear meshes with the first tooth of the adjusting rack.

[0007] Optionally, it also includes, An adjusting motor is fixed to the rear end of the male housing, and its output shaft is parallel to the axial direction of the fixed tube and the opening and closing tube. The driving gear is a driving gear located on the output shaft of the adjusting motor.

[0008] Optionally, it also includes, The control module, installed in the male housing, includes a control circuit and an impedance detection circuit. The control terminal of the drive circuit for the regulating motor is electrically connected to the control circuit, and the output terminal is electrically connected to the regulating motor. One detection terminal of the impedance detection circuit is electrically connected to the fixed tube, and the other detection terminal is electrically connected to the switching tube, for real-time monitoring of the impedance between the fixed tube and the switching tube. The output terminal of the impedance detection circuit is electrically connected to the input terminal of the control circuit.

[0009] Optionally, the control circuit includes a comparator circuit, wherein the comparator of the comparator circuit is used to compare the impedance signal output by the impedance detection circuit with a preset threshold. When the impedance signal detected by the impedance detection circuit is higher than the preset threshold, the comparator circuit outputs a forward rotation control signal, and the regulating motor rotates forward under the control of the control circuit until the impedance signal drops to the preset threshold and stops.

[0010] Optionally, the comparator circuit may further include a resistor voltage divider circuit; The resistor voltage divider circuit is composed of a first resistor and a second resistor connected in series. The connection node of the first resistor and the second resistor provides a reference voltage as the preset threshold.

[0011] Optionally, the comparator circuit further includes a hysteresis loop. The hysteresis loop includes a positive feedback resistor connected between the output terminal and the non-inverting input terminal of the comparator.

[0012] Optionally, it also includes, In a second aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a method for adjusting the fastening of a lithium-ion battery plug, comprising: The lithium-ion battery is any of the lithium-ion batteries described above, and the method includes: the method includes: The conductor plug at the opposite end is inserted into the space between the two axially extending openings of the plug's opening and closing tube and the fixed tube, thereby connecting the conductor plug to the fixed tube. Real-time detection of the impedance value between the fixed tube and the opening / closing tube; Compare the current impedance signal with a preset threshold. If the current impedance signal is higher than the preset threshold, drive the opening and closing tube to move closer to the fixed tube, reducing the distance between the opening between the fixed tube and the opening and closing tube, until the impedance signal drops to or below the preset threshold, and then stop driving. Optionally, The outer rear wall of the opening and closing tube is provided with a rack portion, each tooth of the rack portion extends along the axial direction of the opening and closing tube, and multiple teeth are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the opening and closing tube. The plug also includes, The adjusting rack has a first surface and a second surface facing away from each other. The first surface has a first tooth, and the second surface has a second tooth. The second tooth of the adjusting rack meshes with the rack portion of the opening and closing tube. The drive gear meshes with the first tooth of the adjusting rack.

[0013] The step of driving the opening / closing tube to move toward the fixed tube includes: Control the motor to rotate forward. The drive gear on the output shaft of the regulating motor rotates accordingly, causing the regulating rack meshing with it to move. The second tooth of the adjusting rack engages with the rack portion on the outer side wall of the rear end of the opening and closing tube, thereby driving the opening and closing tube to move closer to the fixed tube. Optionally, upon receiving a release signal, the regulating motor is controlled to reverse. The opening and closing tube is moved away from the fixed tube, increasing the distance between the openings of the fixed tube and the opening and closing tube.

[0014] This invention integrates a plug with an automatic clamping function into the lithium-ion battery body. The positive and negative terminals of the battery are electrically connected to two corresponding conductor tubes in the plug. When the plug is connected to the power socket of an external electrical device (load), the drive mechanism moves the opening and closing tube towards the fixed tube, causing the first and second openings to close and form a circular tube, which radially wraps and clamps the inserted conductor plug (i.e., the terminal on the load side). This clamping method acts directly on the conductive terminals, and the locking force is entirely used to ensure electrical contact, effectively resisting vibrations and impacts during vehicle movement or equipment operation, preventing power interruption due to plug loosening, and ensuring the continuity and stability of the battery's output power.

[0015] Traditional battery plugs lack active locking and contact status monitoring. Over long-term use, aging and vibration can cause increased contact resistance, leading to localized heating and even arcing during high-current discharge. This invention actively controls the closure degree of the opening and closing tubes and the fixing tubes through a drive mechanism. This applies a stable and adjustable clamping force to the contact interface, ensuring that the contact resistance between the battery terminals and the plug remains at a low level. This eliminates the physical root cause of poor contact at the mechanical structure level, significantly reducing the risk of thermal runaway during battery charging and discharging.

[0016] In addition, the drive mechanism in the plug can draw power directly from the battery itself, eliminating the need for an additional power supply or external power cable. This allows the plug to have complete automatic locking and unlocking capabilities when the lithium-ion battery is used as an independent energy product, further enhancing the product's integration and ease of use. It is particularly suitable for scenarios such as portable batteries that require frequent plugging and unplugging, and battery swapping electric vehicle batteries.

[0017] Furthermore, by incorporating multiple mutually insulated conductor tubes within the plug, this lithium-ion battery can support multiple signal or auxiliary power outputs beyond the positive and negative terminals without requiring structural modifications to the battery itself. This design allows the same battery product to be compatible with devices using different interface standards, improving the battery's versatility and market adaptability.

[0018] Furthermore, this invention employs mechanical clamping instead of manual locking by the operator, avoiding terminal damage caused by insufficient or excessive manual tightening force. Simultaneously, the tubular encapsulation clamping ensures that contact stress is evenly distributed across the terminal's circumference, preventing localized crushing or scratches. This results in minimal terminal wear over long-term use, allowing the plug to withstand more insertion and removal cycles, thereby extending the overall effective lifespan of the battery and reducing maintenance and replacement costs for users. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The accompanying drawings, which are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of this application, do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention.

[0020] Figures 1-5 These are exploded structural diagrams of the plug provided in specific embodiments of the present invention; Figure 6 These are three-dimensional structural schematic diagrams of the plug provided in specific embodiments of the present invention; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of the plug and the plug at the opposite end being connected, provided for a specific embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 These are schematic diagrams of the rear end (welding end) of the plug provided in specific embodiments of the present invention when the fixed tube and the opening and closing tube are engaged to form a closed circular tube structure. Figure 9 These are schematic diagrams of the front end (plug-in end) of the plug provided in specific embodiments of the present invention when the fixed tube and the opening and closing tube are engaged to form a closed circular tube structure; Figure 10 These are schematic diagrams of the rear end (soldering end) of the plug when the fixing tube and the opening / closing tube are separated, according to specific embodiments of the present invention. Figure 11 These are schematic diagrams of the front end (plug-in end) of the plug provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention when the fixing tube and the opening / closing tube are separated; Figure 12 , 13 These are schematic diagrams illustrating the connection structure between the fixed tube and the opening / closing tube in a specific embodiment of the present invention, forming a closed circular tube structure, and the conductor insert at the opposite end. Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rear end (welding end) of the fixed tube when it is separated from the opening and closing tube in a specific embodiment of the present invention; Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the front end (connection end) of the fixed tube when it is separated from the opening and closing tube in a specific embodiment of the present invention; Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the system circuit principle when a lithium-ion battery is connected to the power plug of an external electrical device (load) in a specific embodiment of the present invention. Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the impedance detection circuit on the plug of a lithium-ion battery in a specific embodiment of the present invention. Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit principle of the control module on the plug in a specific embodiment of the present invention; 1: Male plastic shell; 11: Lumen; 12: Fixed platform 2: Fixed tube; 21: First opening; 3: Opening / closing tube; 31: Second opening; 32: Rack section; 33: First latching section; 4: Closed end; 5: Adjusting rack; 51: First tooth; 52: Second tooth; 6: Drive gear; 7: Protective shield.

[0021] 8: Control module; 9: The plug on the opposite end; 91: The conductor plug; Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] For ease of description, the "axial direction" mentioned in this embodiment refers to the axial direction along the length of the plug (i.e., the plug insertion direction). The "translation" refers to the movement of the opening and closing tube 3 as a whole along a certain direction, while its own posture remains unchanged, that is, the axial direction of the opening and closing tube 3 remains parallel to the axial direction of the fixed tube 2 at all times.

[0024] See Figures 1-18 .

[0025] This embodiment provides a plug. The plug includes a male housing 1, on which at least one or two or more lumens 11 are provided, and a conductor tube is provided in each lumen 11. Each conductor tube is used to form an electrical connection with a conductor plug 91 on the opposite end of the plug 9 (e.g., a male terminal on a battery pack connection terminal) to achieve mechanical locking.

[0026] The conductor cannula includes a fixed tube 2 and a slitting tube 3. The fixed tube 2 is fixed within a cavity 11 of the male housing 1 and has a first opening 21 extending axially. This opening makes the fixed tube 2 C-shaped or groove-shaped in a cross-section perpendicular to the axial direction, rather than a closed cylindrical structure. The slitting tube 3 is movably disposed within the cavity 11 where the fixed tube 2 is located. The slitting tube 3 also has a second opening 31 extending axially, which is parallel to and directly opposite the first opening 21 in the axial direction. In other words, the axially extending openings of the fixed tube 2 and the slitting tube 3 are spatially opposite each other. When the slitting tube 3 approaches the fixed tube 2, the openings of both tubes interlock, forming a closed cylindrical structure, thereby achieving radial clamping and wrapping of the inserted conductor plug 91.

[0027] Both the opening / closing tube 3 and the fixing tube 2 are made of copper, which has good electrical conductivity and mechanical strength. The rear end of the opening / closing tube 3 is provided with a closed end 4, and the rear end of the fixing tube 2 is also provided with a closed end 4. The closed structure at the rear end of the two tubes protects their inner cavities, preventing dust, moisture, etc. from entering the tube cavity 11 from the rear end. At the same time, it protects the front end of the connector, enhancing the plug's dustproof and moisture-proof capabilities.

[0028] In addition, the cross-section of the cavity 11 where the fixed tube 2 and the opening and closing tube 3 are located can be rectangular, eccentric circular or elliptical, etc. A certain gap is reserved on the outer side wall of the opening and closing tube 3 facing away from the fixed tube 2 to allow the opening and closing tube 3 to move.

[0029] The driving mechanism is located at the rear end of the opening and closing tube 3 and is used to drive the opening and closing tube 3 to move, so that the opening and closing tube 3 moves closer to or away from the fixed tube 2, thereby closing or separating the first opening 21 from the second opening 31.

[0030] In this embodiment, a rack portion 32 extending in a straight line can be provided on the outer side wall of the rear end of the opening and closing tube 3. The extension direction of each tooth on the rack portion 32 is defined as the width direction of the rack portion 32. The teeth are arranged in parallel, with equal tooth pitch. The distance between the teeth at both ends is the length of the rack portion 32. The length direction of the rack portion 32 is perpendicular to its width direction. The width direction of the rack portion 32 is parallel to the axial direction of the opening and closing tube 3, and the length direction of the rack portion 32 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the opening and closing tube 3. As an illustration of this embodiment, a straight rack portion 32 can be provided at the top of the rear end of the opening and closing tube 3. The length direction of the rack portion 32 is horizontal and parallel to the axial direction of the opening and closing tube 3 extending horizontally.

[0031] The rack portion 32 engages with the output end of the drive mechanism (including the linkage mechanism connected to the drive mechanism) to serve as the force-bearing part for driving the opening and closing tube 3 to move. The drive mechanism is connected to the rear end of the opening and closing tube 3 to drive the opening and closing tube 3 to translate, so that the opening and closing tube 3 moves closer to or away from the fixed tube 2, thereby achieving the closing or separation of the first opening 21 and the second opening 31.

[0032] The opening / closing tube 3 can be driven electrically or manually. Manual operation includes: manually pushing or pulling the rear end of the opening / closing tube 3 to move it horizontally; or manually rotating a drive gear 6 that meshes with the rack and pinion section 32 of the opening / closing tube 3 to move the tube 3 via rack and pinion transmission. One specific implementation of the drive mechanism is as follows.

[0033] By using a structure in which the fixed tube 2 and the opening and closing tube 3 are separately set and each has an axial opening, radial clamping of the conductor plug 91 is achieved, which directly acts on the conductive terminal itself and avoids force transmission loss caused by clamping the outer shell.

[0034] The rack portion 32 on the outer wall of the rear end of the aforementioned opening / closing tube 3 has each tooth extending in a direction parallel to the axial direction of the opening / closing tube 3 (i.e., the width direction of the rack portion 32), and multiple teeth arranged side-by-side in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the opening / closing tube 3 (i.e., the length direction of the rack portion 32). The drive mechanism for moving the opening / closing tube 3 includes an adjusting rack 5 and a drive gear 6. The adjusting rack 5 has a first surface and a second surface facing away from each other. A first tooth 51 is provided on the first surface, and the drive gear 6 meshes with the first tooth 51 of the adjusting rack 5. The second surface of the adjusting rack 5 is opposite to the rack portion 32 of the opening / closing tube, and a second tooth 52 is provided on the second surface, which meshes with the rack portion 32 of the opening / closing tube 3. The drive gear 6 can be, but is not limited to, manually driven.

[0035] Let the direction of the extension of each tooth on the first tooth section 51 and the second tooth section 52 on the adjusting rack 5 be the width direction of the tooth section. On each tooth section, the teeth are arranged in parallel, and the shortest distance between the first and last teeth is the length direction of the tooth section. Then, the width direction of the first tooth section 51 and the second tooth section 52 on the adjusting rack 5 and the rack section 32 on the opening and closing tube 3 are parallel to each other in pairs. The length direction of the first tooth section 51 and the second tooth section 52 on the adjusting rack 5 and the rack section 32 on the opening and closing tube 3 are parallel to each other in pairs, and are all perpendicular to the axis of the opening and closing tube 3.

[0036] The extension length direction of each tooth on the drive gear 6 is parallel to the width direction of the first tooth 51 and the second tooth 52 on the adjusting rack 5.

[0037] As an illustration of this embodiment, the distance (i.e., tooth pitch) between any two adjacent teeth on the first toothed section 51 of the rack 5 is different from the tooth pitch on the second toothed section 52, and the tooth pitch of the first toothed section 51 is equal to the tooth pitch of the drive gear 6.

[0038] As an illustration of this embodiment, the present solution further provides an electric drive method, which further includes an adjusting motor. The adjusting motor is fixed to the rear end of the male housing 1, and the output shaft of the adjusting motor is parallel to the axial direction of the fixed tube 2 and the opening / closing tube 3. A gear provided on the output shaft of the adjusting motor serves as the drive gear 6.

[0039] When the adjusting motor rotates forward, the drive gear 6 drives the adjusting rack 5 to move. The second tooth 52 of the adjusting rack 5 meshes with the rack part 32 of the opening and closing tube 3, thereby causing the opening and closing tube 3 to move closer to the fixed tube 2 and achieve clamping.

[0040] When the adjusting motor reverses, the drive gear 6 drives the adjusting rack 5 to move in the opposite direction, and the opening and closing tube 3 moves away from the fixed tube 2, separating the first opening 21 from the second opening 31 and releasing the clamp.

[0041] The tooth pitches of the first tooth section 51 and the second tooth section 52 of the adjusting rack 5 are designed differently. For example, the first tooth section 51 has a module of 0.5 and a smaller tooth pitch, which is used to mesh with the adjusting motor gear to obtain high-resolution position control; the second tooth section 52 has a module of 1.0 and a larger tooth pitch, which is used to mesh with the rack section 32 of the opening and closing tube 3 to output greater thrust. The total reduction ratio of the two-stage transmission can be set between 2:1 and 5:1. This design allows the small high-speed adjusting motor (rated speed 5000 rpm, torque 0.01 N·m) to output sufficient clamping force (up to 20 N or more), while reducing the displacement of the opening and closing tube 3 corresponding to each step of the adjusting motor, which is beneficial for fine-tuning after impedance detection. In addition, the two-stage transmission allows the output shaft of the adjusting motor to be parallel to the direction of movement of the opening and closing tube 3, and the center distance between them can be flexibly adjusted by adjusting the length of the adjusting rack 5, thereby optimizing the internal space layout of the plug.

[0042] As an illustration of this embodiment, the pitch between the teeth on the first tooth section 51 of the adjusting rack 5 (and the drive gear 6 meshing with it) is much smaller than the pitch on the second tooth section 52 (and the rack section 32 meshing with it), so as to perform high-speed low-torque input at the drive input end and output greater thrust at the second tooth section 52 end, converting the high-speed rotation of the adjusting motor into low-speed high-thrust linear motion of the opening and closing tube 3, ensuring sufficient clamping force and high control accuracy.

[0043] To further enhance connection reliability and safety, the plug in this embodiment is equipped with a control module 8, including a controller for the control circuit, an impedance detection circuit, and an adjustable motor drive circuit. The impedance detection circuit has a pair of detection terminals, one electrically connected to the fixed tube 2 and the other electrically connected to the opening / closing tube 3. When the conductor plug 91 at the opposite end is inserted and clamped, an electrical path is formed between the fixed tube 2 and the opening / closing tube 3 through the conductor plug 91. The impedance detection circuit applies a small detection current or voltage between the fixed tube 2 and the opening / closing tube 3, monitoring the impedance value between them in real time. This impedance value reflects the sum of the contact impedance between the fixed tube 2 and the conductor plug 91 and the contact impedance between the conductor plug 91 and the opening / closing tube 3; a smaller impedance value indicates better contact.

[0044] The output of the impedance detection circuit is electrically connected to the input of the controller in the control circuit, outputting the detected impedance value to the controller. The input of the regulating motor drive circuit is electrically connected to the output of the controller, and the output of the regulating motor drive circuit is electrically connected to the regulating motor. An impedance threshold is preset in the controller. When the detected impedance value is higher than this threshold, it indicates poor contact. The controller in the control circuit outputs a control signal to make the regulating motor rotate forward through the regulating motor drive circuit, driving the opening / closing tube 3 to move further towards the fixed tube 2, reducing the distance between the two openings until the impedance value drops to or below the threshold. The driving then stops, and the circuit is positioned at its current location, maintaining the current clamping state between the opening / closing tube 3 and the fixed tube 2, firmly securing the conductor plug 91 inserted between them.

[0045] As a specific implementation of this embodiment, the impedance signal (usually a voltage signal) at the output of the impedance detection circuit can be compared with a preset threshold by a comparator circuit to generate a drive signal for controlling the forward rotation of the motor.

[0046] Specifically, the control module may include a comparator circuit, comprising comparator U1, a resistor divider circuit consisting of resistors R1 and R2 connected in series, and a positive feedback resistor R_hys. One end of resistor R1 is connected to the power supply VCC, and the other end of resistor R1 is connected to one end of resistor R2, with the other end of resistor R2 grounded. The voltage divider node between resistors R1 and R2 provides a reference voltage Vref. The impedance signal Vin output from the impedance detection circuit is connected to the non-inverting input of comparator U1, and the reference voltage Vref is connected to the inverting input of comparator U1. The positive feedback resistor R_hys is connected between the output and non-inverting input of comparator U1 to introduce a hysteresis window. The output of comparator U1 is connected to the control terminal of the regulating motor drive circuit. When Vin is higher than Vref, U1 outputs a high level, triggering the regulating motor to rotate forward; when Vin is lower than Vref, U1 outputs a low level, and the regulating motor remains stationary.

[0047] To avoid frequent output jumps (i.e., "jittering") caused by noise interference near the threshold impedance signal, this embodiment introduces a hysteresis loop (R_hys) into the comparator circuit. The principle of this hysteresis loop is as follows: after the comparator output state flips, the reference voltage value of the comparator is automatically adjusted through positive feedback, shifting the reference voltage a certain distance away from the current input signal. Therefore, when the input signal crosses the original threshold in the opposite direction, it will not immediately trigger another flip; it will only trigger again when the input signal crosses the new, offset reference voltage.

[0048] Specifically, when the impedance signal rises from below the reference voltage and then exceeds it, the comparator output flips (changes from low to high). The hysteresis loop, through a positive feedback resistor, switches the comparator's reference voltage to a value slightly lower than the original reference voltage (e.g., the original value minus a fixed offset ΔV). At this point, even if the impedance signal slightly drops below the original reference voltage due to noise, the comparator will not immediately reset because the reference voltage has already decreased, effectively filtering out signal jitter and ensuring a stable output of the control signal. This hysteresis comparator circuit has a simple structure and strong anti-interference capability.

[0049] To improve the quality of the impedance signal, an input conditioning circuit is also provided at the input terminal of the comparator circuit. For example... Figure 18 As shown, the input conditioning circuit includes an input resistor R6 and a grounding resistor R7 connected in series, and a filter capacitor C1 connected in parallel across the grounding resistor R7. The impedance signal Vin output from the impedance detection circuit is connected to one end of the input resistor R6. The other end of the input resistor R6 is connected to one end of the grounding resistor R7 and one end of the filter capacitor C1. This connection node is connected to the non-inverting input of comparator U1. The other ends of the grounding resistor R7 and the filter capacitor C1 are grounded. The input resistor R6 and the grounding resistor R7 form a voltage divider circuit, proportionally attenuating the input impedance signal Vin to a voltage value V_in' suitable for the comparator's input range. The grounding resistor R7 and the filter capacitor C1 form a first-order RC low-pass filter, filtering out high-frequency noise. The input resistor R6 also serves as a current-limiting protection.

[0050] The control module can also convert the impedance signal into a digital quantity using an analog-to-digital converter, and then the controller compares it with a preset threshold using a software algorithm to output a control signal. The aforementioned hardware implementation of the comparator and the software implementation of the controller are equivalent substitutions within this technical field and both fall within the protection scope of this application.

[0051] The advantages of the comparator circuit implementation described above are as follows: It converts the analog signal Vin output from the impedance detection circuit into a control signal for the motor drive circuit via a hardware comparator, eliminating the need for software calculations and judgments by the controller. This results in fast response speed and high circuit reliability, making it particularly suitable for plug locking scenarios where high response time is required. Furthermore, by incorporating a hysteresis loop, it effectively avoids the problem of repeated start-stop cycles of the motor when the impedance signal fluctuates near the threshold, extending the service life of the motor and transmission mechanism.

[0052] It should be noted that the specific implementation method using a hysteresis comparator and hysteresis loop described above is not the only solution. The control module can also convert the impedance signal into a digital quantity using an analog-to-digital converter, and then the controller compares it with a preset threshold using a software algorithm to output a control signal. The aforementioned hardware implementation method of the comparator and the software implementation method of the controller are equivalent substitutions within this technical field and both fall within the protection scope of this application.

[0053] This embodiment performs clamping compensation when the current contact resistance is too high, avoiding insufficient clamping force on the inserted conductor plug, which could lead to poor contact, overheating, or even arcing. Compared to the open-loop control method in the prior art that only detects whether the pin is in place through a contact switch (such as CN110194070A), the control in this embodiment can sense the contact quality by detecting the contact resistance in real time and dynamically adjust the locking force, thus avoiding safety hazards caused by poor contact at the source.

[0054] As an illustration of this embodiment, the preset threshold can be set according to the upper limit of the allowable contact resistance under the battery's maximum operating current. For example, for a battery pack with a continuous operating current of 100A, the upper limit of the allowable contact resistance is 0.5mΩ (corresponding to a heating power of 5W). If the impedance signal is higher than 0.5mΩ, clamping is triggered. This closed-loop control enables the plug to have an "adaptive locking" capability, which can compensate for the attenuation of clamping force caused by vibration, aging, and temperature differences. By integrating detection, comparison, driving, and stopping all within the plug, "plug and play" intelligence is achieved, eliminating the need for an external controller.

[0055] As an illustration of this embodiment, the regulating motor and its drive circuit can be implemented using, but are not limited to, existing technologies. For example, an H-bridge circuit or an integrated motor driver chip can be used. Taking an integrated motor driver chip as an example, a DC motor driver chip with multi-mode control functions such as forward rotation / stop can be selected (such as Toshiba's dual full-bridge PWM motor driver, the dual full-bridge driver chip TB6612FNG, and the single-channel H-bridge driver chip provided by STMicroelectronics). Such integrated chips typically provide logic input pins, and the forward rotation and stop of the motor are controlled by the high and low levels of the pins. Alternatively, but not limited to, a discrete component solution can be used, such as an H-bridge circuit composed of four switching elements (such as MOSFETs), which controls the forward rotation and stop of the motor through the control input terminal.

[0056] To improve the quality of the impedance signal, an input conditioning circuit is also provided at the input terminal of the comparator circuit. The input conditioning circuit includes an input resistor R6 and a grounding resistor R7 connected in series, and a filter capacitor C1 connected in parallel across the grounding resistor R7. The impedance signal Vin output from the impedance detection circuit is connected to one end of the input resistor R6. The other end of the input resistor R6 is connected to one end of the grounding resistor R7 and one end of the filter capacitor C1. This connection node is also connected to the non-inverting input terminal of comparator U1. The other ends of the grounding resistor R7 and the filter capacitor C1 are grounded.

[0057] This embodiment performs clamping compensation when the current contact resistance is too high, avoiding poor contact, overheating, or even arcing caused by insufficient clamping force on the conductor plug 91 inserted at the opposite end. Compared with the control method in the prior art that only detects whether the plug is in place by a contact switch, the control in this embodiment can sense the contact quality by detecting the contact resistance in real time and dynamically adjust the locking force, thus avoiding safety hazards caused by poor contact from the root.

[0058] A fixed platform 12 is also provided at the rear end of the male housing 1, on which the control module 8 and the drive mechanism are installed. The protective cover 7 covers the control module 8 and internal components such as the regulating motor through the fastening of the protective cover 7 on the male housing 1, which serves to prevent dust, prevent accidental contact, and protect the internal components.

[0059] The rear end of the fixed tube 2 extends beyond the rear end of the opening / closing tube 3 and also protrudes from the rear end of the male housing 1, forming an electrical connection welding position for easy welding connection with external wires. This extended design ensures that the welding operation will not affect the movement of the opening / closing tube 3, while also making it easy to distinguish the electrical connection points of the two tubes.

[0060] The male housing 1 is also equipped with a locking button ("ON" button as shown in the figure) and a releasing button ("OFF" button as shown in the figure), which are electrically connected to the controller of the control circuit. When the locking button is pressed, the controller of the control circuit executes the locking control process; when the releasing button is pressed, the controller of the control circuit drives the adjusting motor to reverse, releasing the clamp. This one-button operation improves ease of use and, unlike the existing technology that directly controls the motor through forward and reverse signals, provides users with a more intuitive human-machine interaction experience.

[0061] As an illustration of this embodiment, the fixing tube 2 and the male housing 1 can be connected by integral injection molding. This process places the fixing tube 2 as an insert in the injection mold, and the male housing 1 directly covers the fixing tube 2 during injection molding, forming a rigid connection that cannot move relative to each other. This avoids the accumulation of assembly tolerances and ensures the positional accuracy of the fixing tube 2. Compared to methods such as screw fixing or snap-fit ​​assembly, integral injection molding avoids the accumulation of assembly tolerances, ensures the positional accuracy of the fixing tube 2 within the male housing 1, and improves the plug's vibration resistance and structural stability.

[0062] In terms of clamping configuration, when the opening / closing tube 3 and the fixed tube 2 are closed, they form a complete circular tube, which provides 360-degree radial wrapping and clamping of the inserted conductor plug 91. Compared with the single-point engagement or sheet clamping in the prior art, the circular tube clamping has advantages such as a large contact area, uniform stress distribution, and low contact resistance.

[0063] To achieve direct clamping of conductive terminals, technical difficulties such as easy deformation of terminals, low surface hardness, and high requirements for uniform clamping force must be overcome. This embodiment uses a circular tube formed by the closed loop tube 2 and the opening / closing tube 3 to radially wrap the terminal 360 degrees, ensuring that the clamping force is evenly distributed on the circumferential surface of the terminal, avoiding localized stress concentration that could lead to terminal crushing or scratching. Tests show that when the clamping force is in the range of 5N to 15N, the contact resistance between the copper alloy terminal and the copper tube can be stabilized between 0.1mΩ and 0.5mΩ. Compared to the locking method in existing technologies that uses a pin to engage with the outer casing, this solution directly applies the locking force to the conductive terminal, eliminating losses in the force transmission path and ensuring long-term reliability of electrical contact. Especially in vibration environments, the circular tube clamping effectively suppresses fretting wear, with a contact resistance change rate of less than 5%, while the contact resistance change rate of a single-point locking structure typically exceeds 20%.

[0064] To further enhance locking reliability, a first latching part 33, such as a recess, hole, or groove, can be provided on the wall of the opening / closing tube 3. Correspondingly, a second latching part, such as a raised locking protrusion, is provided on the conductor plug 91 at the opposite end of the plug 9. When the opening / closing tube 3 and the fixed tube 2 close and clamp the inserted conductor plug 91, the locking protrusion on the conductor plug 91 slides into the recess on the wall of the opening / closing tube 3, realizing a latching connection and forming a locking engagement.

[0065] The aforementioned dual locking mechanism—radial tube clamping and axial snap-locking—acts simultaneously on the same conductor insert 91, forming redundant protection. Radial tube clamping ensures low-resistance electrical contact, while axial snap-locking ensures impact-resistant mechanical holding force. Both are indispensable, working together to prevent loosening. Even if the tube clamping cannot be further compensated due to a motor malfunction, the snap-locking still prevents the terminal from being pulled out; even if the snap-locking fails due to wear, the tube clamping still maintains electrical contact. Unlike existing technologies that separately lock the housing and terminals, this solution integrates both locking mechanisms onto the same conductive terminal, resulting in a more compact structure and higher reliability. Even if one locking mechanism partially fails due to component aging or extreme operating conditions, the other locking mechanism can still maintain the connection, avoiding the risk of loosening due to the failure of a single locking structure. The snap-locking structure is designed with a 30° chamfer at the recessed entrance and rounded corners at the front end of the convex snap, ensuring automatic engagement during clamping without additional operation.

[0066] In scenarios requiring multiple circuit connections, this plug can include a plurality of conductor tubes, each insulated from the others. For example, in a battery pack connection scenario, two conductor tubes can be used for positive and negative connections respectively. Each conductor tube is arranged side-by-side within the male housing 1. The fixing tube 2 and opening / closing tube 3 of each conductor tube operate independently, monitored by the same control module 8, which independently drives the corresponding adjusting motor. Alternatively, they can be driven synchronously by the same adjusting rack 5. This multi-path expansion design allows the plug to adapt to a wider range of applications without requiring a redesign of the plug structure for different numbers of circuits.

[0067] This plug can be used with lithium-ion batteries. The lithium-ion battery includes a battery body and at least one of the aforementioned plugs. The positive and negative terminals of the battery body are electrically connected to two corresponding conductor tubes in the plug, enabling the battery to output power. If the plug has only one conductor tube, two separate plugs serve as the battery's power supply plugs, with one plug connected to the battery's positive terminal and the other to the battery's negative terminal. If the plug has two insulated conductor tubes, one conductor tube is connected to the battery's positive terminal and the other to the battery's negative terminal. Furthermore, the two conductor tubes connected to the positive and negative terminals of the battery body are also electrically connected to the power supply circuit on the plug, serving as the power supply for the circuitry (including but not limited to the control module 8 and the regulating motor), obtaining operating power from the battery body without external power supply. This self-powered design enables the plug to operate independently, further improving the product's integration and ease of use.

[0068] like Figure 16As shown, the positive (+) and negative (-) terminals of the lithium-ion battery are connected to two conductor tubes in the plug. Each conductor tube includes a fixed tube and a switching tube. When the plug is connected to the power plug of an external electrical device (load), the conductor tube on the lithium-ion battery side forms mechanical contact and electrical connection with the conductor tube on the opposite end, forming the main power circuit: battery positive terminal → battery positive conductor tube → opposite positive conductor tube → load → opposite negative conductor tube → battery negative conductor tube → battery negative terminal. The self-powered circuit draws power from the positive and negative terminals of the battery, which is regulated to Vcc by the voltage regulator circuit to power the control circuit. The impedance detection circuit monitors the contact impedance between the fixed tube and the switching tube in real time. When the detected value is higher than a preset threshold, the control circuit drives the regulating motor to rotate forward and clamp until the impedance is qualified.

[0069] When the plug is inserted into the power socket on the load side, the power current output by the battery flows to the load through the contact interface between the conductor tube and the opposite conductor plug. At the same time, the voltage regulator circuit draws power from the battery to power the control circuit.

[0070] The impedance detection circuit monitors the contact impedance between the fixed tube and the opening / closing tube in real time (this impedance reflects the contact quality between the conductor insertion tube and the opposite conductor plug). When the detected impedance value is higher than a preset threshold, the control circuit drives the regulating motor to rotate forward, moving the opening / closing tube towards the fixed tube, reducing the opening distance between the two tubes, thereby increasing the clamping force until the contact impedance drops below the threshold. When disconnection is required, the control circuit drives the regulating motor to rotate in reverse, moving the opening / closing tube away from the fixed tube, increasing the opening, and allowing the plug to be pulled out.

[0071] As can be seen from the above, the following is adopted: Figure 16 The lithium-ion battery shown has a plug whose control circuit draws power directly from the connected lithium-ion battery, eliminating the need for an additional power source or external power cable, thus improving integration and ease of use. Furthermore, the plug dynamically adjusts its clamping force by real-time detection of contact resistance, ensuring reliable contact in the power circuit and preventing poor contact due to vibration, aging, etc. All control functions are integrated inside the plug, forming a single unit with the battery body, making it suitable for applications with high space and reliability requirements, such as electric vehicles and energy storage systems.

[0072] See Figure 17 As shown, this embodiment also provides an impedance detection circuit, which adopts the four-wire (Kelvin four-wire method) measurement principle. It mainly includes a constant current source circuit and two instrumentation amplifiers, with each instrumentation amplifier corresponding to a conductor tube as an electrode.

[0073] The positive output terminal (I_test+) of the constant current source is connected to the excitation terminal of the fixed tube (or switching tube) of one side of the conductor tube, and the negative output terminal (I_test-) of the constant current source is connected to the excitation terminal of the switching tube (or fixed tube) of the same conductor tube. Specifically, taking the positive circuit conductor tube as an example, I_test+ is connected to the fixed tube, and I_test- is connected to the switching tube. The constant detection current I_test passes through the fixed tube → the conductor plug (positive terminal) at the opposite end → the external connecting wire (or load) → the conductor plug (negative terminal) at the opposite end → the switching tube to form a detection circuit. The connection method of the negative circuit conductor tube is the same.

[0074] The two high-impedance input terminals of the instrumentation amplifier are connected to the detection terminals (Sense+ and Sense-) of the fixed and open / closed tubes of the same conductor, respectively, separate from the excitation terminals but physically located on the same metal component. The output terminal of the instrumentation amplifier outputs the impedance signal Vin.

[0075] The constant current source circuit outputs a known constant detection current I_test (typically 1mA to 100mA). This current flows through the fixed transistor, the opposite conductor plug, the inside of the battery, the other opposite conductor plug, the switching transistor, and then returns to the constant current source ground. Since the detection current is much smaller than the battery's main power current (usually tens to hundreds of amperes), its effect on the battery state is negligible.

[0076] The contact impedance R_contact between the fixed tube and the open / closed tube (including the contact impedance between the fixed tube and the opposite conductor plug, the volume resistance of the opposite conductor plug itself, and the contact impedance between the opposite conductor plug and the open / closed tube) generates a voltage drop V_test = I_test × R_contact under the action of I_test.

[0077] Instrumentation amplifiers with high input impedance (typically >10) 9 The voltage drop V_test between the fixed tube and the open / closed tube detection terminals is measured (Ω). Since the current in the detection line is extremely small, the voltage drop across the wire resistance and contact resistance is negligible. The gain Gain of the instrumentation amplifier is set by an external resistor, and the output Vin = Gain × V_test = Gain × I_test × R_contact. Therefore, Vin is proportional to the contact impedance R_contact, achieving a linear conversion from contact impedance to a voltage signal.

[0078] As can be seen from the above, the following is adopted: Figure 17The impedance detection circuit structure shown helps eliminate measurement errors in wire resistance and contact resistance, enabling accurate measurement of milliohm-level contact impedance. The instrumentation amplifier employing a high common-mode rejection ratio (CMRR) effectively suppresses common-mode noise from the power loop, ensuring a stable and reliable measurement signal. The constant current source's detection current is only in the mA range, preventing heating of the contact interface and thus not affecting the true value of the contact impedance. The constant current source continuously outputs a voltage signal Vin proportional to the contact impedance, providing real-time feedback for closed-loop control.

[0079] As an illustration of this embodiment, the power input terminal of the electrical circuit (control module 8, regulating motor) on the plug can be connected in parallel to two conductor tubes (i.e., power input terminals). To avoid interference from the electrical circuit to the main power circuit, a high-impedance voltage divider resistor and a filter capacitor are preferably connected in series at the power input terminal. This self-powered design eliminates the need for an additional power cord or battery, simplifying the wiring harness. The plug only operates after being plugged in and powered on, preventing idling or malfunction due to misoperation and improving safety.

[0080] This plug can also be applied to electrical equipment. The electrical equipment includes the equipment body and at least one of the aforementioned plugs, which serve as the power plug for the equipment body and are used to connect to a power source (e.g., a battery pack power socket). If the plug has only one conductor tube on it, then two separate plugs serve as the power input plugs for the electrical equipment, connecting to the positive and negative terminals of the power source respectively. If the plug has two insulated conductor tubes, then the two conductor tubes connect to the positive and negative terminals of the power source respectively. The electrical circuitry on the plug (including but not limited to the control module 8 and the regulating motor, etc.) is electrically connected to the two conductor tubes in the plug that serve as the power input. When the plug is connected to the power source, the two conductor tubes form an electrical path with the positive and negative terminals of the power source (e.g., a battery pack) through the conductor plug 91 at the power source, thereby providing operating power to the electrical circuitry on the plug in this embodiment, without the need for an additional power supply or external power cord. This self-powered design is suitable for scenarios requiring temporary connection to a power source, such as electric vehicles, power tools, and energy storage devices.

[0081] Corresponding to the above-described plug structure, this embodiment also provides a method for adjusting the tightness of the plug.

[0082] First, insert the conductor plug 91 on the opposite end of the plug 9 into the space between the two openings extending axially between the opening / closing tube 3 and the fixed tube 2, so that the conductor plug 91 contacts the fixed tube 2. At this time, the opening / closing tube 3 and the fixed tube 2 are in a separated state, and the conductor plug 91 can be freely inserted.

[0083] Subsequently, the impedance value between the fixed tube 2 and the open / closed tube 3 is detected in real time. This impedance value is obtained by impedance detection circuits electrically connected to the fixed tube 2 and the open / closed tube 3 respectively, reflecting the contact quality between the conductor plug 91 and the two tubes.

[0084] The detected impedance value is compared with a preset threshold. If the impedance value is higher than the preset threshold, it indicates poor contact. The opening and closing tube 3 is driven to move closer to the fixed tube 2, reducing the opening distance between the fixed tube 2 and the opening of the opening and closing tube 3 (the limit is 0), until the impedance value drops below the preset threshold, and the driving stops.

[0085] In the specific steps of driving the opening and closing tube 3 to move: control the adjusting motor to rotate forward, the driving gear 6 on the output shaft of the adjusting motor to rotate accordingly, and drive the adjusting rack 5 that meshes with it to move; the second tooth 52 of the adjusting rack 5 meshes with the rack part 32 on the outer side wall of the rear end of the opening and closing tube 3, and drives the opening and closing tube 3 to move in a direction closer to the fixed tube 2.

[0086] When disconnection is required, the controller receives a release signal (which can be issued by the user terminal or triggered by the user manually pressing the "release" button on the plug). The controller then controls the adjustment motor to reverse, causing the opening and closing tube 3 to move away from the fixed tube 2, increasing the opening distance between the fixed tube 2 and the opening and closing tube 3, so that the conductor plug 91 on the opposite end of the plug 9 can be pulled out.

[0087] As can be seen from the above, the plug tightness adjustment method in this embodiment forms a closed-loop control process of "detection-comparison-drive-stopping until qualified". In contrast, most connector locking methods in the prior art are open-loop control locks, meaning that the locking action is considered complete after one tightening action, without contact quality verification and dynamic compensation. Compared to the prior art, the plug tightness adjustment method provided in this embodiment forms a closed-loop feedback by real-time detection of contact impedance, and adjusts the connection based on the feedback in real time to ensure that the contact impedance is always within the qualified range, thus solving the safety hazards such as overheating and arcing caused by poor contact.

[0088] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A lithium-ion battery, characterized in that, include, Battery body, At least one plug, the plug comprising: Male plastic shell; At least one conductor cannula is disposed within the lumen of the male housing, and each conductor cannula includes, A fixing tube is fixed inside the male plastic shell, and the fixing tube has a first opening extending axially. An opening / closing tube is movably disposed within the male housing. The opening / closing tube has a second opening extending axially, the second opening being parallel and directly opposite to the first opening. A driving mechanism is connected to the rear end of the opening and closing tube and is used to drive the opening and closing tube to move, so that the opening and closing tube moves closer to or away from the fixed tube, so that the first opening and the second opening are closed or separated. The positive and negative terminals of the battery body are electrically connected to the two conductor tubes in the plug, one-to-one.

2. The lithium-ion battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer rear wall of the opening and closing tube is provided with a rack portion, each tooth of the rack portion extends along the axial direction of the opening and closing tube, and multiple teeth are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the opening and closing tube. The driving mechanism includes an adjusting rack and a driving gear. The adjusting rack has a first surface and a second surface facing away from each other. A first tooth is provided on the first surface and a second tooth is provided on the second surface. The second tooth of the adjusting rack meshes with the rack portion of the opening and closing tube, and the driving gear meshes with the first tooth of the adjusting rack.

3. The lithium-ion battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes, An adjusting motor is fixed to the rear end of the male housing, and its output shaft is parallel to the axial direction of the fixed tube and the opening and closing tube. The driving gear is a driving gear located on the output shaft of the adjusting motor.

4. The lithium-ion battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes, The control module, installed in the male housing, includes a control circuit and an impedance detection circuit. The control terminal of the drive circuit for the regulating motor is electrically connected to the control circuit, and the output terminal is electrically connected to the regulating motor. One detection terminal of the impedance detection circuit is electrically connected to the fixed tube, and the other detection terminal is electrically connected to the switching tube, for real-time monitoring of the impedance between the fixed tube and the switching tube. The output terminal of the impedance detection circuit is electrically connected to the input terminal of the control circuit.

5. The lithium-ion battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control circuit includes a comparator circuit, wherein the comparator of the comparator circuit is used to compare the impedance signal output by the impedance detection circuit with a preset threshold. When the impedance signal detected by the impedance detection circuit is higher than the preset threshold, the comparator circuit outputs a forward rotation control signal, and the regulating motor rotates forward under the control of the control circuit until the impedance signal drops to the preset threshold and stops.

6. The lithium-ion battery according to claim 5, characterized in that, The comparator circuit also includes a resistor voltage divider circuit; The resistor voltage divider circuit is composed of a first resistor and a second resistor connected in series. The connection node of the first resistor and the second resistor provides a reference voltage as the preset threshold.

7. The lithium-ion battery according to claim 6, characterized in that, The comparator circuit also includes a hysteresis loop. The hysteresis loop includes a positive feedback resistor connected between the output terminal and the non-inverting input terminal of the comparator.

8. The lithium-ion battery according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes, The input conditioning circuit includes an input resistor, a grounding resistor, and a filter capacitor; one end of the input resistor receives the impedance signal, and the other end of the input resistor is connected to one end of the grounding resistor and one end of the filter capacitor, and is connected to the non-inverting input of the comparator. The other end of the grounding resistor and the other end of the filter capacitor are grounded; Optionally, the impedance detection circuit includes: A constant current source circuit is used to apply a constant detection current between the fixed tube and the opening / closing tube of each of the said conductor insertion tubes; An instrumentation amplifier has two high-impedance input terminals electrically connected to the fixed transistor and the switching transistor, respectively, for amplifying the voltage drop signal between the fixed transistor and the switching transistor, and outputting the impedance signal; Optionally, the comparator circuit includes: A resistor voltage divider circuit is composed of a first resistor and a second resistor connected in series and connected between the power supply and ground. The connection node between the first resistor and the second resistor provides the preset threshold. A comparator whose non-inverting input receives the impedance signal and whose inverting input receives the preset threshold. A positive feedback resistor is connected between the output terminal and the non-inverting input terminal of the comparator. Optionally, the male housing is provided with a locking button and a releasing button, and the locking button and the releasing button are respectively electrically connected to the control circuit; Optionally, when the fixed tube and the opening / closing tube are closed, they form a complete circular tube; Optionally, the device includes only one plug, with two insulated lumens provided on the male housing of the plug, and a conductor cannula disposed within each of the lumens. The positive and negative terminals of the battery body are electrically connected to the two conductor tubes in the plug, one-to-one; Optionally, the positive and negative terminals of the battery body are also electrically connected to the power supply circuit of the electrical circuit on the plug, so that the battery body serves as the power supply for the electrical circuit.

9. A method for adjusting the fastening of a lithium-ion battery plug, characterized in that, include, The lithium-ion battery is any one of the lithium-ion batteries according to claims 1 to 13, and the method includes: the method includes: The conductor plug at the opposite end is inserted into the space between the two axially extending openings of the plug's opening and closing tube and the fixed tube, thereby connecting the conductor plug to the fixed tube. Real-time detection of the impedance value between the fixed tube and the opening / closing tube; Compare the current impedance signal with a preset threshold. If the current impedance signal is higher than the preset threshold, drive the opening and closing tube to move closer to the fixed tube, reducing the distance between the opening between the fixed tube and the opening and closing tube, until the impedance signal drops to or below the preset threshold, and then stop driving. Optionally, The outer rear wall of the opening and closing tube is provided with a rack portion, each tooth of the rack portion extends along the axial direction of the opening and closing tube, and multiple teeth are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the opening and closing tube. The plug also includes, The adjusting rack has a first surface and a second surface facing away from each other. The first surface has a first tooth, and the second surface has a second tooth. The second tooth of the adjusting rack meshes with the rack portion of the opening and closing tube. The drive gear meshes with the first tooth of the adjusting rack.

10. The step of driving the opening / closing tube to move toward the fixed tube includes: Control the motor to rotate forward. The drive gear on the output shaft of the regulating motor rotates accordingly, causing the regulating rack meshing with it to move. The second tooth of the adjusting rack engages with the rack portion on the outer side wall of the rear end of the opening and closing tube, thereby driving the opening and closing tube to move closer to the fixed tube. Optionally, upon receiving a release signal, the regulating motor is controlled to reverse. The opening and closing tube is moved away from the fixed tube, increasing the distance between the openings of the fixed tube and the opening and closing tube.

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