Battery pack and battery case

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a battery pack and a battery box. The battery pack comprises at least two batteries, each battery comprising a shell and a battery core, the battery core being located in the shell, and each battery having a first abutting surface; a heat insulation assembly arranged between two adjacent batteries, the heat insulation assembly having a second abutting surface facing the first abutting surface; the height ratio of the heat insulation assembly to the battery is B along the height direction of the battery; the heat insulation assembly comprises a heat insulation piece, the heat insulation piece comprises aerogel and fiber filaments mixed with each other, and the heat insulation piece has a specific surface area Am 2 / g, the distance between the battery core and the heat insulation assembly is L mm, and the following condition is met: 22.1<=A*L*B<=8136.34. The application improves the heat insulation capacity and the space utilization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery pack and battery box. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of new energy technologies, battery packs are widely used in electric vehicles, energy storage systems, and other fields. A battery pack typically consists of multiple individual cells arranged in an array. During operation, individual cells may experience thermal runaway due to overcharging, short circuits, or internal short circuits, generating a large amount of heat and ejecting high-temperature substances. If this heat is rapidly transferred between adjacent cells, it can trigger a chain reaction, leading to thermal runaway of the entire battery pack and causing serious safety accidents.

[0003] The applicant has identified at least the following issues: Currently, in order to improve the thermal safety of battery packs, heat insulation pads are usually placed between adjacent batteries to delay or prevent heat transfer. Existing heat insulation pads are poor at blocking heat when the battery is at high temperature, which makes it easy for adjacent batteries to be affected when the battery thermally runs away, leading to heat spread and affecting the safety of battery use.

[0004] The preceding description is intended to provide general background information and does not necessarily constitute prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main objective of this application is to provide a battery pack and battery box that improves heat insulation and space utilization.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides a battery pack, comprising:

[0007] At least two batteries, each battery comprising a casing and a cell, the cell being located within the casing, and the battery having a first contact surface;

[0008] A heat insulation component is disposed between two adjacent batteries, and the heat insulation component has a second abutting surface facing the first abutting surface;

[0009] Along the height direction of the battery, the ratio of the height of the heat insulation component to the height of the battery is B;

[0010] The thermal insulation component includes a thermal insulation element comprising a mixture of aerogel and filaments, and the thermal insulation element has a specific surface area of ​​Am. 2 / g, the distance between the battery cell and the insulation component is Lmm, and satisfies: 22.1≤A*L*B≤8136.34.

[0011] In addition, this application provides a battery box, including a box body and the aforementioned battery pack;

[0012] The battery pack is located inside the casing.

[0013] In addition, this application also provides an electrical device, including a battery box.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this application are: by limiting the range of values ​​of A*L*B, the heat insulation layer can still maintain a stable heat barrier capability at high temperatures, avoiding the risk of heat spread caused by material aging or unreasonable design. On the one hand, it improves the heat insulation capability, thereby significantly improving the safety of the battery pack. On the other hand, it improves the space utilization rate. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the battery box provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0017] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the battery pack provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the heat insulation component in the battery pack provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the heat insulation component in the battery pack provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the heat insulation component and the battery in the battery pack provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0021] Figure 6 A first-view structural schematic diagram of the heat insulation component in a battery pack provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0022] Figure 7 Electron micrograph of the thermal insulation component containing fiber filaments provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0023] Figure 8 Electron micrograph of the micropores of the aerogel in the thermal insulation component provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0024] Figure 9 Electron micrograph of a heat insulation component containing a light-blocking agent provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the thermal insulation component in a battery pack from a second perspective, provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0026] Figure 11This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the heat insulation component and the encapsulation component in the battery pack provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0027] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0028] 100-battery pack;

[0029] 110-battery;

[0030] 111 - First contact surface;

[0031] 112 - Shell;

[0032] 113-Battery Cell;

[0033] 114 - End face;

[0034] 115-Pole Column;

[0035] 120 - Thermal insulation components;

[0036] 121 - Thermal insulation;

[0037] 1211-fiber filament;

[0038] 122 - Second contact surface;

[0039] 1221 - Exposure Area;

[0040] 1222 - Paste area;

[0041] 123 - Package;

[0042] 1231 - First edge segment;

[0043] 1232 - Second edge segment;

[0044] 1233 - Third edge segment;

[0045] 1234 - Fourth edge segment;

[0046] 1235 - Overlapping segment;

[0047] 130 - Adhesive parts;

[0048] 200-battery box;

[0049] 210 - Box. Detailed Implementation

[0050] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application. All other obtained embodiments are within the scope of protection of this application. In the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other.

[0051] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0052] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0053] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0054] Currently, to improve the thermal safety of battery packs, thermal insulation pads are usually placed between adjacent batteries to delay or prevent heat transfer. However, existing thermal insulation pads are not good at blocking heat when the battery is at high temperature. As a result, when the battery thermal runaway occurs, it can easily affect adjacent batteries, causing heat to spread and affecting the safety of battery use.

[0055] In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the battery pack and battery box provided in this application, by limiting the range of values ​​of A*L*B, can maintain a stable thermal barrier capability at high temperatures, avoiding the risk of heat spread caused by material aging or unreasonable design. On the one hand, it improves the thermal insulation capability, thereby significantly improving the safety of the battery pack, and on the other hand, it improves the space utilization rate.

[0056] The contents of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that those skilled in the art can have a clearer and more detailed understanding of the contents of this application.

[0057] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the battery box provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the battery pack provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 This is a partial structural diagram of the heat insulation component in the battery pack provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the heat insulation component in the battery pack provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the heat insulation component and the battery in the battery pack provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 6 This is a first-view structural schematic diagram of the heat insulation component in the battery pack provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 7 Electron micrograph of the heat insulation component containing fiber filaments provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 8 This is an electron microscope image of the micropores of the aerogel in the thermal insulation component provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 9 Electron micrograph of a heat insulation component containing a light-blocking agent provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0058] like Figures 1 to 9 As shown, this application provides a battery pack 100, including:

[0059] At least two batteries 110, each battery 110 includes a housing 112 and a cell 113, the cell 113 being located inside the housing 112, and the battery 110 having a first contact surface 111;

[0060] A heat insulation component 120 is disposed between two adjacent batteries 110. The heat insulation component 120 has a second abutment surface 122 facing the first abutment surface 111.

[0061] Along the height direction of battery 110, the ratio of the height of heat insulation component 120 to the height of battery 110 is B;

[0062] Thermal insulation component 120 includes thermal insulation element 121, which comprises a mixture of aerogel and fiber filaments 1211, and has a specific surface area Am. 2 / g, there is a distance Lmm between the battery cell 113 and the heat insulation component 120, and the following condition is met: 22.1≤A*L*B≤8136.34.

[0063] Where Z represents the height direction of battery 110.

[0064] It should be noted that the thermal insulation component 120 is applied in the battery pack 100. This significantly improves the thermal safety performance of the battery pack 100. When a battery 110 experiences thermal runaway, the thermal insulation component 120 between it and adjacent batteries 110 can effectively block the rapid transfer of heat, delaying or even preventing the spread of heat. This buys valuable time for the battery management system (BMS) to trigger alarms, start cooling, or for personnel evacuation, reducing the risk of overall thermal runaway of the battery pack 110.

[0065] It should be noted that the heat insulation component 120 is placed between adjacent battery cells to prevent heat conduction between battery cells, prevent the thermal runaway of some battery cells from being transferred to adjacent battery cells, thereby suppressing the spread of heat within the battery device.

[0066] It should be noted that specific surface area (A) is the surface area per unit mass of material, which characterizes the complexity of the material's pore structure.

[0067] It should be noted that the specific surface area can be adjusted as follows: The specific surface area of ​​the insulation component 121 can be adjusted by adjusting the size of the aerogel particles. The smaller the aerogel particles, the larger the specific surface area of ​​the insulation component. The larger the particle size of the aerogel particles, the smaller the specific surface area of ​​the insulation component 121. The specific surface area of ​​the insulation component can also be adjusted by adjusting the diameter of the fiber filaments. The smaller the diameter of the fiber filaments, the larger the specific surface area of ​​the insulation component. The larger the diameter of the fiber filaments, the smaller the specific surface area of ​​the insulation component.

[0068] The test method for A is as follows: disassemble the thermal insulation component and remove the encapsulation. Test the specific surface area of ​​the thermal insulation component according to the standard GB / T19587-2017. The test value is the A value.

[0069] The test method for B is as follows: use a vernier caliper (accuracy 0.01mm) to measure the height of the first contact surface of the battery in the battery height direction, and record it as B2mm. At the same time, use a vernier caliper (accuracy 0.01mm) to measure the height of the second contact surface of the heat insulation component in the battery height direction, and record it as B1mm. B = B1 / B2.

[0070] The test method for L is as follows: Discharge the battery to the lower limit voltage at 0.33C, measure the distance from the outermost electrode of the cell to the first contact surface of the battery using CT (computed tomography), and record it as L1 (in mm). Measure the thickness of the first contact surface of the battery using a micrometer and record it as L2 mm. Disassemble the heat insulation component, remove the encapsulation component, and measure the thickness of the encapsulation component, recording it as L3 mm. If there are other components between the heat insulation component and the first contact surface of the battery, measure the total thickness of the other components using a micrometer and record it as L4 mm. Lmm = L1 + L2 + nL3 + L4, where n is the number of layers of the encapsulation component at the contact position between the heat insulation component and other components.

[0071] When the positive electrode active material includes nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary materials, the upper limit voltage of the battery is 4.25V and the lower limit voltage is 2.5V. When the positive electrode active material includes lithium iron phosphate, the upper limit voltage of the battery is 3.65V and the lower limit voltage is 2.5V.

[0072] It should be noted that L refers to the sum of the distance between the battery cell 113 and the casing 112, the wall thickness of the casing 112, and the distance from the casing 112 to the heat insulation component 120.

[0073] Research has found that the main reason for the degradation of the thermal insulation capacity and material aging of the thermal insulation component 120 is the increase in the charging rate and energy density of existing batteries, which poses a certain challenge to battery safety and causes the battery thermal runaway temperature to rise sharply. When the battery thermal runaway temperature reaches above 600℃, among the three modes of heat transfer, thermal radiation generates more heat than thermal conduction and thermal convection. At this time, the thermal insulation material cannot block the hot air molecules, thereby accelerating the heat spread between batteries.

[0074] It should be noted that the structural stability of the insulation layer is crucial in high-temperature environments where the thermal runaway temperature exceeds 600℃. The A×L×B range limits ensure that the material porosity and skeleton strength can be maintained at high temperatures, avoiding insulation failure due to material shrinkage or cracking.

[0075] Furthermore, if the formula is too small, the heat insulation capacity of the heat insulation pad is poor, and thermal runaway occurs between adjacent batteries 110; if the formula is too large, the overall space utilization of the battery pack 100 is poor, and the cycle life of the battery 110 is low.

[0076] Specifically, by designing the thermal insulation element 121 to be composed of a mixture of aerogel and fiber filament 1211, and by comprehensively limiting the key parameters specific surface area A, distance L, and height ratio B, the product of A*L*B falls within an optimized numerical range.

[0077] When the value of A*L*B is not less than the lower limit, it ensures that the heat insulation component 120 has sufficient heat insulation capacity, effectively blocking the transfer of high temperature generated by the thermal runaway of the single cell 110 to adjacent cells 110, and preventing heat spread. When the value of A*L*B is not greater than the upper limit, it avoids a significant increase in the overall volume and weight of the battery pack 100 due to the excessive volume or specific surface area of ​​the heat insulation component 121, ensuring the energy density and space utilization of the battery pack 100. At the same time, it is conducive to the normal dissipation of heat generated by the operation of the cell 113, avoiding heat accumulation that affects the cycle life of the battery 110. The hybrid structure of aerogel and fiber filament 1211 not only leverages the advantage of the ultra-low thermal conductivity of aerogel, but also enhances the overall strength and toughness of the material through the fiber filament 1211, making it more suitable for the mechanical environment of the battery pack 100.

[0078] By setting the above parameters, that is, by limiting the range of values ​​of A*L*B, the insulation layer can still maintain a stable thermal barrier capability at high temperatures, avoiding the risk of heat spread caused by material aging or unreasonable design. On the one hand, it improves the thermal insulation capability, thereby significantly improving the safety of the battery pack 100, and on the other hand, it improves the space utilization rate.

[0079] In some embodiments, the distance between the electrode near the first contact surface 111 and the first contact surface 111 is 0.5mm-3.5mm.

[0080] For example, the distance between the electrode near the first contact surface 111 and the first contact surface 111 can be 0.5mm, 1mm, 1.5mm, 2mm, 2.5mm, 3mm, 3.5mm or any other value.

[0081] In some alternative embodiments, the battery pack 100 further includes an insulating element that encloses at least a portion of the battery 110 and is located between the battery 110 and the thermal insulation assembly 120, the insulating element having a lower thermal conductivity than the housing 112.

[0082] The thickness of the insulating component is between 50μm and 150μm.

[0083] The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects: by setting an insulating component with a thermal conductivity lower than that of the battery 110 housing 112 between the battery 110 and the heat insulation component 120, the direct heat transfer path can be better blocked.

[0084] By controlling the thickness of the insulation component between 50μm and 150μm, a balance is achieved: if the thickness is less than 50μm, its heat resistance is insufficient, making it difficult to effectively protect the heat insulation component 120 and delay heat transfer; if the thickness is greater than 150μm, although the heat resistance effect is enhanced, the heat generated by the battery 110 during operation is more difficult to dissipate through the casing 112, which can easily lead to heat accumulation inside the cell 113, and may instead trigger the risk of thermal runaway of the battery 110.

[0085] In some alternative embodiments, the thermal conductivity of the insulating element is greater than that of the heat insulation element 121.

[0086] The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects: this arrangement makes the thermal resistance distribution from the battery 110 casing 112 to the external environment more reasonable.

[0087] Although the insulating component near the battery 110 has a certain degree of heat insulation, its thermal conductivity is relatively higher than that of the heat insulation component 121. This helps the working heat of the battery 110 to be partially and smoothly transferred to the outside through the insulating component and the heat insulation component 120, avoiding excessive heat accumulation inside the cell 113 due to the low thermal conductivity of both the insulating component and the heat insulation component 121, which would affect the performance and life of the battery 110.

[0088] Figure 10 This is a second-view structural schematic diagram of the heat insulation component in the battery pack provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the heat insulation component and the encapsulation component in the battery pack provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0089] like Figures 1 to 11 As shown, in some optional embodiments, the battery pack 100 further includes an adhesive 130, and the second abutment surface 122 includes an adhesive area 1222 and an exposed area 1221, the exposed area 1221 being located in the middle of the second abutment surface 122, and the adhesive area 1222 being located on the periphery of the second abutment surface 122.

[0090] The adhesive area 1222 is attached to the first contact surface 111 via the adhesive piece 130.

[0091] The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects: by dividing the second contact surface 122 into sections, only the periphery is fixed to the first contact surface 111 of the battery 110 by the adhesive 130, while an exposed area 1221 that does not directly contact the battery 110 is formed in the middle. An air layer is naturally formed between this exposed area 1221 and the surface of the battery 110. Air is an excellent heat insulation medium, and this air insulation layer can significantly improve the overall heat insulation effect.

[0092] Since the middle part of the heat insulation component 120 corresponds to the middle part of the large surface of the battery 110, the middle part has a large expansion and fast heat transfer. Exposing the heat insulation component 120 ensures the heat insulation effect of the middle part.

[0093] In some embodiments, the adhesive 130 is located in the adhesive area, and the adhesive 130 is not designed on the exposed area 1221, so that the exposed area 1221 directly abuts against the battery 110.

[0094] In some alternative embodiments, there are at least two adhesive members 130, located on opposite sides of the heat insulation member 121 along the height direction of the battery 110.

[0095] The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects: By placing the adhesive 130 on both sides of the insulation component 121 in the height direction, the area of ​​the exposed area 1221 in the middle can be made larger, which is conducive to forming a more stable and uniform air insulation layer and improving the insulation performance. At the same time, the fixing method of adhesive on both sides can also provide sufficient connection strength.

[0096] Furthermore, the adhesive pieces 130 are spaced apart along the height direction Z of the battery 110, which can provide a more balanced fixing force and prevent the heat insulation components 120 from warping or curling in the height direction Z of the battery 110, ensuring that they are flatly attached to the surface of the battery 110.

[0097] In some alternative embodiments, the exposed area 1221mm has a height Cmm along the height direction of the battery 110, and satisfies: 50mm≤Cmm≤120mm.

[0098] The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects: limiting the height C of the exposed area 1221 within this range ensures that the air insulation layer has sufficient longitudinal extension dimensions to provide effective insulation. If C is too small, the insulation effect of the air layer is limited; if C is too large, it may compress the effective bonding area of ​​the adhesive area or affect the structural strength of the insulation component 120.

[0099] In some alternative implementations, the location of the exposed area 1221 corresponds to the middle area of ​​the battery 110, where B ≤ 1.02.

[0100] The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects: the central region of the large surface (first contact surface 111) of the battery 110 typically undergoes more significant expansion and deformation during charging and discharging, and the heat transfer rate in this region is relatively fast. By aligning the exposed area 1221 of the heat insulation component 120 (i.e., the area mainly covered by the air layer) with the central region of the battery 110, the heat insulation effect in the central region of the battery 110 can be specifically enhanced. Since the introduction of the air layer enhances the thermal resistance here, it is possible to reduce the height ratio B of the heat insulation component 121 itself (e.g., reduce the thickness or coverage of the heat insulation component 121), thereby improving the space utilization of the battery pack 100 while meeting the same heat insulation requirements.

[0101] The main function of the heat insulation component 120 is to be opposite the first contact surface 111 of the battery 110 (typically the surface with the largest area of ​​the battery 110 casing 112). This is the main channel for heat transfer, and placing the high-performance heat insulation component 120 here can most effectively cut off the main path of heat spread.

[0102] It should be noted that the middle area of ​​the battery 110 is the center of the first contact surface 111, and the center of the first contact surface 111 is the intersection of the diagonals of the first contact surface 111.

[0103] In some alternative embodiments, along the arrangement direction of at least two batteries 110, the adhesive 130 protrudes from the plane of the exposed area 1221 on the side away from the second contact surface 122, and the protrusion distance is Dmm, satisfying: 0.1mm≤Dmm≤3mm.

[0104] The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects: a D value between 0.1mm and 3mm can ensure the formation of an effective air gap thickness. If D is less than 0.1mm, the air layer is too thin, and its heat insulation effect is poor; if D is greater than 3mm, although the air layer has a stronger heat insulation capacity, it will excessively increase the overall size of the battery pack 100 in the X-direction of the arrangement, reducing space utilization.

[0105] In some alternative embodiments, along the height direction of the battery 110, the heat insulation component 120 has a height H1mm, the battery 110 has a height H2mm, and satisfies: H1mm>H2mm.

[0106] The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects: making the height H1 of the heat insulation component 120 greater than the height H2 of the battery 110 can ensure that the heat insulation component 120 completely covers the large surface (first contact surface 111) of the battery 110 in the height direction, avoiding the formation of weak points in local heat transfer at the top or bottom edges of the battery 110 due to the lack of heat insulation layer coverage.

[0107] In some alternative implementations, 0.1mm ≤ H1mm - H2mm ≤ 5mm.

[0108] The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects: the height excess (H1-H2) of the heat insulation component 120 relative to the battery 110 is controlled within this range. If the excess is less than 0.1mm, the edge of the battery 110 may not be completely covered due to manufacturing and assembly tolerances, resulting in poor heat insulation effect; if the excess is greater than 5mm, the top or bottom of the heat insulation component 120 may be too long, and after the battery pack 100 is assembled, it may easily come into contact with components such as the conductive busbars connecting the terminals 115 of adjacent batteries 110, forming a new heat conduction path, which may instead lead to heat transfer.

[0109] In some embodiments, multiple ternary lithium batteries 110 with a capacity of 200Ah are arranged side by side. A heat insulation component 120 is inserted between each adjacent battery 110, so that the second contact surface 122 of the heat insulation component 120 is attached to the first surface (large surface) of the battery 110 housing 112. The heat insulation component 120 is initially positioned by the adhesive tape of the adhesive piece 130, and finally all the batteries 110 and the heat insulation component 120 are pressed and fixed by structures such as module end plates to form a battery pack 100.

[0110] In some alternative embodiments, the battery 110 has an end face 114 with an angle between the end face 114 and the first abutment surface 111, and an electrode post 115 is provided on the end face 114, with the top of the heat insulation assembly 120 being lower than the top of the electrode post 115.

[0111] The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects: by limiting the top of the heat insulation component 120 to be lower than the top of the battery 110 terminal post 115, it can further prevent the upper edge of the heat insulation component 120 from accidentally contacting the conductive busbar connected across the terminal post 115 when the battery 110 module is finally assembled, thereby preventing heat from being transferred through the conductive busbar-heat insulation component 120 path and ensuring the isolation effect of the heat insulation component 120.

[0112] Along the height direction of the shell, the shell includes two oppositely arranged end faces, which are perpendicular to the first abutment surface 111.

[0113] A terminal post 115 is provided on the top end face of the housing, and a pressure relief valve is provided on the bottom end face of the housing. In some optional embodiments, a gap is provided between two adjacent batteries 110;

[0114] Along the length of the heat insulation component 120, at least one end of the heat insulation component 120 protrudes from the battery 110 and is located within the gap.

[0115] The above-described technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects: In the arrangement direction of the batteries 110, gaps may exist between the batteries 110 due to structural design or tolerances. By having the heat insulation component 120 protrude from at least one end of the battery 110 in the length direction and extend into the gap, the heat insulation component 120 can fill or block this gap, preventing heat or flame from being directly transferred from one battery 110 to an adjacent battery 110 through the gap on the side of the battery 110, thus improving the overall protection.

[0116] like Figure 10 As shown, it should be noted that Y represents the length direction of the thermal insulation component 120. The directions X, Y, and Z are perpendicular to each other.

[0117] In some alternative embodiments, the thermal insulation assembly 120 further includes an encapsulation 123 for encapsulating the thermal insulation assembly 121;

[0118] Encapsulation 123 has a first edge segment 1231 and a second edge segment 1232, which extend along the length direction of the thermal insulation assembly 120;

[0119] The first edge segment 1231 overlaps with each other to form an overlapping segment 1235, and the projection of the overlapping segment 1235 is located on the second abutment surface 122 along the thickness direction of the thermal insulation component 120.

[0120] The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects:

[0121] This encapsulation structure enhances edge sealing, ensures encapsulation effectiveness, prevents fibers or aerogel from escaping, and avoids cracking of the encapsulation component 123, which could affect the structural strength of the aerogel and fiber filaments 1211.

[0122] It should be noted that the encapsulation component 123 is packaged around the outer periphery of the heat insulation component 121.

[0123] The encapsulation component 123 is made of at least one of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyimide (PI), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), and polycarbonate (PC), and the encapsulation material is in the form of a thin film. Furthermore, the encapsulation component 123 can be bonded to the thermal insulation component 121 by hot-melt bonding or adhesive bonding. In some optional embodiments, the width of the overlapping section 1235 along the width direction Z of the thermal insulation component 120 is between 5 mm and 30 mm.

[0124] The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects: the size of the overlapping section 1235 is too wide, which causes the overlapping section 1235 to be squeezed when the battery 110 expands, making the aerogel and fiber filaments 1211 loose, increasing the pore size, reducing the heat insulation capacity, and the encapsulation effect is poor if it is too small.

[0125] Therefore, the width of the overlapping section 1235 is limited to ensure the sealing reliability of the package. However, if the width is too small, that is, if the size of the overlapping section 1235 is too narrow, it may lead to insufficient sealing strength and easy cracking under long-term use or thermal stress, resulting in the escape of fibers or aerogel.

[0126] In some alternative embodiments, the encapsulation 123 further has a third edge segment 1233 and a fourth edge segment 1234, the extension directions of the third edge segment 1233 and the fourth edge segment 1234 being consistent with the width direction of the thermal insulation assembly 120.

[0127] At least part of the third edge segment 1233 and the fourth edge segment 1234 covers the overlapping segment 1235.

[0128] The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects: This arrangement improves the encapsulation effect of the encapsulation component 123 on the layered structure, avoids cracking of the encapsulation component 123, and avoids affecting the structural strength of the aerogel and fiber filament 1211.

[0129] Among them, such as Figure 10 As shown, the extension direction of the third edge segment 1233 and the fourth edge segment 1234 is Z, and the width direction of the thermal insulation component 120 is Z.

[0130] This further reduces the risk of wrinkling and cracking of the packaging material at the corners, improving the overall packaging integrity. The third edge segment 1233 and the fourth edge segment 1234 are arranged opposite each other along the width direction and partially cover the overlapping segment 1235, enhancing the protection of the layered structure through the multi-layer packaging structure.

[0131] In some alternative implementations, the thickness of the single-layer package 123 is between 50 μm and 200 μm.

[0132] The above-mentioned technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects: it limits the reasonable thickness of the encapsulation film. If the thickness is too thin, the mechanical strength is poor, and it is easy to puncture during processing or use; if the thickness is too thick, it will increase unnecessary thermal resistance, reduce the flexibility of the thermal insulation component 120, and increase cost and volume. This range achieves a balance between protection, flexibility, and processability.

[0133] In some alternative embodiments, the fiber filament 1211 contains 0.5%-10% by mass in the insulation 121; and / or,

[0134] The length of fiber filament 1211 ranges from 5mm to 20mm.

[0135] The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects: by limiting the range of fiber filament 1211 mass content, the heat insulation effect is guaranteed on the one hand, and the strength of fiber filament 1211 is guaranteed on the other hand, avoiding the fiber diameter being too small, which would result in the skeleton strength being too low.

[0136] Furthermore, the matching relationship between the scaffold support strength and the aerogel filling density was optimized, avoiding insufficient structural strength caused by too few 1211 fibers.

[0137] In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the fiber filament 1211 to the heat insulation component 121 can be 0.5%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%, 3.5%, 4%, 4.5%, 5%, 5.5%, 6%, 6.5%, 7%, 7.5%, 8%, 8.5%, 9%, 9.5%, 10% or other values.

[0138] In some embodiments, the diameter of the fiber filaments ranges from 3 μm to 30 μm.

[0139] For example, the diameter of the fiber can be 3μm, 5μm, 10μm, 15μm, 20μm, 25μm, 30μm or any of these values.

[0140] In some embodiments, the test method for the diameter of the fiber filament 1211 is as follows: disassemble the thermal insulation component 120, remove the encapsulation 123, and measure the diameter of the fiber filament 1211 in the thermal insulation component 121 using a scanning electron microscope. The measurement is performed 10 times, and the average value is taken. In some embodiments, the test method for the mass percentage of the fiber filament 1211 in the thermal insulation component 121 is as follows:

[0141] Disassemble the thermal insulation component 120, remove the encapsulation component 123, weigh the thermal insulation component 121 using a balance, and record the weight as m1g. Then, sieve the weighed thermal insulation component 121 using a multi-layer linear vibrating screen. The multi-layer linear vibrating screen has three screen layers: the upper screen diameter ranges from 5 to 8 mm, the middle screen diameter ranges from 2 to 5 mm, and the lower screen diameter ranges from 0.5 to 2 mm. The vibration amplitude is 1.5 to 4.5 mm, and the vibration frequency is 700 to 1400 times / min. Take the upper... The material in the middle and lower layers of the sieves is weighed and recorded as m2g. The weighed material in the sieves is tested by SEM (scanning electron microscope) and EDS (energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy). If the material is fibrous and contains at least one of the elements such as Si, Al, Fe, Ca, and Mg, it proves that the heat insulation component 121 contains at least one of glass fiber, ceramic fiber, and basalt fiber. The mass content of fiber filament 1211 is (m2 / m1)×100%.

[0142] It should be noted that if the content is too low, it will not be able to form sufficient skeleton support, resulting in poor overall mechanical strength of the insulation component 121 and easy breakage; if the content is too high, it will squeeze out the proportion of aerogel, reduce porosity, and increase the fiber thermal conduction path, which will weaken the overall thermal insulation performance.

[0143] Specifically, the mass content of filament 1211 in the layered structure directly affects its skeletal support strength and aerogel filling density. Within a specific mass content range, filament 1211 provides sufficient mechanical strength to maintain the nanoscale porous structure of the aerogel, while avoiding an increase in heat conduction paths due to excessive filament 1211. This range ensures that, under high-temperature conditions, filament 1211 can both support the aerogel particles and balance thermal barrier properties and structural stability by controlling its mass content.

[0144] It should be noted that the fiber mass content refers to the proportion of the total mass of fiber 1211 in the layered structure, which is used to characterize the balance between the support strength of the skeleton and the filling density of the aerogel.

[0145] The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects: the appropriate fiber filament 1211 length helps to form a uniform and stable three-dimensional network skeleton in the heat insulation component 121, ensuring heat insulation while avoiding the fiber filament 1211 having too little strength.

[0146] Specifically, limiting the length range of the fiber filaments 1211 aims to optimize the three-dimensional network skeleton structure inside the insulation component 121. If the length is too short, it is difficult to form a continuous and stable support network, resulting in uneven distribution of aerogel particles and easy collapse of the pore structure; if the length is too long, the insulation effect is poor.

[0147] In some alternative embodiments, the ratio of the mass content of fiber 1211 in the insulation 121 to the mass content of aerogel in the insulation 121 is 0.0065-0.2.

[0148] The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects: the design ensures the frame strength and heat insulation effect of the heat insulation component 121.

[0149] The ratio of the skeleton material (fiber 1211) to the functional material (aerogel) is further defined from the perspective of mass ratio. This ratio directly determines the density, porosity, mechanical strength, and thermal conductivity of the heat insulation component 121. An appropriate ratio ensures that the heat insulation component 121 has excellent heat insulation capabilities while possessing sufficient flexibility and compressive strength to adapt to the slight volume changes and assembly pressures during the charging and discharging process of the battery 110.

[0150] In some embodiments, the mass content ratio of fiber 1211 to aerogel is 0.0065, 0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2 or any one of these values.

[0151] In some embodiments, the mass of aerogel accounts for 50%-80% of the mass of the insulation component 121.

[0152] In some embodiments, the test method for the mass percentage of aerogel and light-blocking agent in the thermal insulation component is as follows:

[0153] Disassemble the thermal insulation component 120, remove the encapsulation component 123, weigh the thermal insulation component 121 using a balance, and record the weight as m1g. Then, sieve the weighed thermal insulation component 121 using a multi-layer linear vibrating screen. The multi-layer linear vibrating screen has three screen layers: the upper screen diameter ranges from 5 to 8 mm, the middle screen diameter ranges from 2 to 5 mm, and the lower screen diameter ranges from 0.5 to 2 mm. The vibration amplitude is 1.5 to 4.5 mm, and the vibration frequency is 700 to 1400 times / min. Collect the material passing through the lower screen, recording it as a mixture. Separate the mixture using a turbine air classifier. The classifier wheel speed is controlled at 2000 to 6000 rpm (the specific speed can be selected based on the particle size in the mixture, which can be measured using a scanning electron microscope). Collect the material passing through the air classifier. The material passing through the classifying wheel is collected and weighed, denoted as m3g. Simultaneously, the material ejected by the classifying wheel is collected and weighed, denoted as m4g. The material passing through the classifying wheel is tested using SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy) and EDS (Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy). If a porous structure is observed in the SEM and the material contains Si, Al, and Zr elements, then the material passing through the classifying wheel includes aerogel. The mass percentage of aerogel in the insulation component is (m3 / m1) × 100%. The material ejected by the classifying wheel is measured using XRD (X-ray Diffraction). If the material ejected by the classifying wheel shows characteristic peaks corresponding to a light-blocking agent in the XRD test, then the material ejected by the classifying wheel contains a light-blocking agent. The mass percentage of the light-blocking agent is (m4 / m1) × 100%.

[0154] In some alternative embodiments, at least some of the aerogel particles are located between the fiber filaments 1211, and pores are formed between adjacent aerogel particles.

[0155] The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects: this setting improves the heat insulation effect and avoids the rapid transfer of heat molecules.

[0156] Furthermore, by mounting aerogel particles on the fiber filament 1211 and forming pores, the barrier to heat conduction and convection is enhanced. The physical structure design expands the capture path of hot gas molecules, thereby further reducing the rate of heat diffusion to adjacent cells 110 in high-temperature environments.

[0157] This not only enhances the fixation of aerogel particles, preventing them from falling off or migrating during use, but more importantly, the nanoscale pores formed between the particles can effectively limit the free path of air molecules, greatly suppressing gas convection heat transfer.

[0158] It should be noted that pores refer to the void regions between aerogel particles, which are used to trap hot gas molecules and inhibit heat conduction.

[0159] In some embodiments, the method for testing the pore size between aerogel particles is as follows: disassemble the thermal insulation component 120, remove the encapsulation 123, and measure the pore size between the aerogel particles using the thermal insulation component 121 according to standard JC / T2518-2019. In some optional embodiments, the fiber filament 1211 includes at least one of glass fiber, ceramic fiber, and basalt fiber.

[0160] The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects: it lists heat-resistant fiber types suitable for high-temperature environments. These fibers all have the characteristics of high melting point, good thermal stability, and relatively low thermal conductivity. Ceramic fibers are suitable for extreme environments above 1000℃; glass fibers have lower cost and good overall performance. By selecting or compounding different fibers, the temperature resistance rating, mechanical properties, and cost of the insulation component 121 can be adjusted.

[0161] In some alternative embodiments, the aerogel includes at least one of silica aerogel, phase silica, alumina aerogel, and zirconia aerogel.

[0162] In some alternative embodiments, the heat insulation component 121 further includes a light-blocking agent, which includes at least one of carbon black, silicon carbide, titanium dioxide, zirconium silicate, and zirconium oxide.

[0163] The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects: the setting of the light-blocking agent improves the heat insulation component 121's ability to block radiant heat.

[0164] It should be noted that research has found that the cause of failure of the thermal insulation component 120 is that in the ternary lithium battery 110, the thermal runaway temperature of the battery 110 generally reaches above 600℃, or even higher. At this thermal runaway temperature, among the three modes of heat transfer, thermal radiation generates more heat than thermal conduction and thermal convection. The formula for thermal radiation heat transfer is q=ε*σ*(T1). 4 -T2 4 T1 4 -T2 4 The heat increased exponentially, causing severe thermal runaway of battery 110, thermal insulation failure of thermal insulation component 120, and rapid thermal runaway of adjacent battery 110.

[0165] Introducing light-blocking agents is a key means of reducing the emissivity ε of thermal insulation components and combating high-temperature thermal radiation. These light-blocking agent particles can effectively scatter and absorb infrared radiation, thereby significantly reducing the heat transferred in the form of radiation.

[0166] In some embodiments, the particle size Dv50 of the opacifier ranges from 1 μm to 15 μm.

[0167] For example, the particle size Dv50 of the opacifier can be 1μm, 2μm, 3μm, 4μm, 5μm, 6μm, 7μm, 8μm, 9μm, 10μm, 11μm, 12μm, 13μm, 14μm, 15μm or any other value.

[0168] It should be noted that the particle size Dv50 of the light-blocking agent can be measured using a laser particle size distribution measuring instrument (Mastersizer3000) according to the particle size distribution laser diffraction method (specific steps refer to GB / T19077-2016). The particle size corresponding to the cumulative particle size distribution percentage reaching 50% is D50. In some embodiments, the heat insulation component 121 can be formed by mixing the light-blocking agent, fiber filaments 1211, and aerogel together to form a mixed layered structure.

[0169] In other embodiments, the heat insulation element 121 may also be a structure in which the fiber filaments 1211 and aerogel are mixed to form a first layer, a light-blocking agent is formed to form a second layer, and the light-blocking agent is disposed on the outer layer.

[0170] In some embodiments, the diameter of the fiber filaments ranges from 3 μm to 30 μm.

[0171] In some embodiments, the particle size of the opaque agent ranges from 1 μm to 15 μm.

[0172] In some embodiments, the particle size of the aerogel particles ranges from 2 nm to 80 nm.

[0173] In some alternative embodiments, the mass content of the light-blocking agent in the heat insulation component 121 is 10%-40%.

[0174] The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects: if the mass ratio is too high, the heat insulation effect at temperatures <600℃ is poor; if the mass ratio is too low, the heat insulation effect at temperatures >600℃ is poor.

[0175] The amount of light-blocking agent added should be limited. If too little is added, the effect of reducing emissivity will not be obvious; if too much is added, it may block some of the pores of the aerogel, affecting its effect of suppressing convective heat transfer, and may increase the thermal conductivity of the insulation component 121.

[0176] In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the light-blocking agent to the heat insulation element 121 is 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, or other values. In some optional embodiments, the area of ​​the second contact surface 122 is larger than the area of ​​the first contact surface 111.

[0177] The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects: by setting the area of ​​the second contact surface 122 of the heat insulation component 120 to be larger than the area of ​​the first contact surface 111 of the battery 110, the heat insulation component 120 can completely cover and exceed the heat transfer surface (i.e. the first contact surface 111) of the battery 110 in the planar projection.

[0178] This design offers several advantages: First, it ensures that heat radiating from any area of ​​the battery 110 must pass through the insulation component 120 before being transferred outwards, eliminating the direct heat transfer "gap" caused by insufficient size of the insulation component 120 and fundamentally improving the overall insulation effect of the insulation component 120. Second, when a single battery 110 experiences thermal runaway, its casing 112 (first contact surface 111) may expand and deform due to internal pressure or generate high-temperature ejected material. The larger second contact surface 122 provides a more adequate buffer and barrier area, effectively absorbing or blocking the direct impact of heat and material on adjacent batteries 110, thereby significantly reducing the risk of cascading thermal runaway caused by heat transfer between adjacent batteries 110.

[0179] It should be noted that the dimensions in the embodiments of this application can be measured by micrometer, vernier caliper, or laser rangefinder, and the appropriate instrument can be selected according to the accuracy and range of the measurement.

[0180] In some alternative embodiments, there are at least two heat insulation components 120, which are spaced apart along the arrangement direction of the battery pack 100.

[0181] At least two batteries 110 are provided between two adjacent heat insulation components 120, and the thickness Fmm of the heat insulation component 121 satisfies: Fmm≥0.6mm.

[0182] The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects: When multiple batteries 110 are insulated by a heat insulation component 120, the thermal runaway heat of the multiple batteries 110 is large, and the thickness of the layered structure needs to be increased to meet the heat insulation requirements.

[0183] It should be noted that X represents the arrangement direction of battery pack 100.

[0184] For scenarios where the thermal insulation components 120 are discontinuously arranged (i.e., one thermal insulation component 120 is responsible for isolating multiple batteries 110), as the number of batteries 110 between the thermal insulation components 120 increases, the temperature difference between the thermally runaway battery 110 and the remotely protected battery 110 may be larger, resulting in a stronger heat flow driving force. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the thickness of the thermal insulation components 120 to provide stronger thermal resistance, ensuring that heat propagation can still be effectively delayed even under these conditions.

[0185] In some embodiments, a battery 110 is provided between two connected insulation components 120.

[0186] In some alternative embodiments, the positive electrode material of battery 110 includes layered transition metal oxide, and the capacity of battery 110 ranges from 100Ah to 600Ah, with 25.83≤A*L*B≤8136.34.

[0187] The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects: the ternary lithium battery 110 has a high thermal runaway temperature, and the larger the capacity of the battery 110, the higher the gas production and the greater the heat production.

[0188] The thermal insulation component 120 is associated with high energy density, high thermal risk characteristics (layered transition metal oxides such as ternary materials), and large-capacity (100-600 Ah) batteries 110. These batteries 110 release large amounts of energy and experience high temperatures during thermal runaway, placing extremely stringent demands on thermal insulation. This claim emphasizes that, for this specific high-risk application, the parameters of the thermal insulation component 120 must be strictly controlled to ensure safety.

[0189] It should be noted that layered transition metal oxides include nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary materials and / or nickel-cobalt-aluminum ternary materials, wherein the nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary materials satisfy the general chemical formula LiNi. x Co y Mn z M f O2, where 0.1 < x < 1, 0.1 < y < 1, 0.1 < z < 1, and x + y + z + f = 1, M is a dopant element, and M includes at least one of Al, Mg, Ti, Zr, B, P, Nb, Ta, W, Zr, and V.

[0190] In other embodiments, in addition to the ternary materials described above, other materials are also applicable to the batteries in the embodiments of this application.

[0191] In some alternative implementations, the capacity of battery 110 ranges from 100Ah to 600Ah.

[0192] In other embodiments, the capacity of battery 110 can be between 20AH and 600AH.

[0193] It should be noted that the test method for the capacity of battery 110 is as follows: place battery 110 in a constant temperature chamber at 25°C and perform the following operations on battery 110: charge at 0.33C to the upper limit voltage, then charge at constant voltage to the cutoff current of 0.05C; let stand for 30 minutes, then discharge at 0.33C to the lower limit voltage; repeat the above operation 3 times, and take the discharge capacity of the third cycle as the fixed capacity of the battery.

[0194] Depending on the different positive electrode active materials, the upper and lower limit voltages need to be adjusted accordingly: LFP - upper limit voltage 3.65V, lower limit voltage 2.5V; NCM - upper limit voltage 4.25V, lower limit voltage 2.5V; LFMP - upper limit voltage 4.25V, lower limit voltage 2.5V; lithium nickel manganese oxide - upper limit voltage 4.8V, lower limit voltage 3.5V. In some optional embodiments, the housing 112 includes a first surface, which is disposed opposite to the second abutment surface 122, and the first surface is the larger surface of the housing.

[0195] Among them, the large surface of the battery 110 can be the first contact surface 111. The first surface can be the first contact surface 111. The first surface and the first contact surface 111 have a large heat transfer area and a large expansion. By setting the heat insulation component 120 between the first contact surfaces 111, the heat can be better blocked, ensuring the overall thermal safety of the battery pack 100.

[0196] The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects: the first surface blocks the heat emitted from the surface of the battery 110 housing 112, which is crucial for suppressing heat conduction and radiation through the battery 110 housing 112.

[0197] A housing is a component used to provide a space to house electrode assemblies and other parts and isolate them from the outside environment. A housing typically includes a body with an opening at at least one end and a receiving cavity. The opening of the housing can be closed by a cover plate to seal and isolate the internal environment of the battery cell from the external environment.

[0198] The housing material includes at least one of copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, and aluminum alloy. In some optional embodiments, the wall thickness of the first surface of the housing 112 ranges from 0.1 mm to 0.8 mm; and / or,

[0199] The housing 112 includes a steel shell, and 22.10≤A*L*B≤7500.

[0200] The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects: When the thin-walled shell 112 (0.1-0.8mm): Since the shell 112 is made of steel, its thermal resistance is small and heat is more easily transferred out. Therefore, a more efficient heat insulation component 120 is needed. Therefore, when 22.10≤A*L*B≤7500, the heat insulation effect of the heat insulation component is more prominent.

[0201] If the thickness is too thin, the heat transfer is fast but the strength is low; if the thickness is too thick, the heat in the internal cell 113 of the battery 110 is difficult to dissipate, leading to heat accumulation and thermal runaway.

[0202] In some embodiments, the housing 112 may be made of steel, which has a high thermal conductivity, accelerating heat diffusion across the surface of the housing 112. Therefore, the insulation component 120 requires stronger insulation capabilities. Tightening the parameter range to this extent aims to require a combination of lower emissivity, more suitable diameter fibers, or thicker insulation to address the additional heat dissipation challenges posed by the steel housing 112.

[0203] In some embodiments, the housing 112 can be made of aluminum alloy, which is the preferred material for lightweight construction, has high specific strength, good processability, moderate cost, and good thermal conductivity. High thermal conductivity will accelerate the diffusion of heat in the housing wall, requiring a high-performance thermal insulation component 120 to block thermal bridges.

[0204] In some alternative embodiments, the housing 112 further includes a second surface. Along the arrangement direction of the battery pack 100, the first surface and the second surface are located on opposite sides of the housing 112, and at least one of the first surface and the second surface is disposed opposite to the second abutment surface 122, and Lmm≤7.5mm.

[0205] It should be noted that the shell includes 6 surfaces, including 2 large surfaces, namely 2 first abutment surfaces 111, 1 first end surface, 1 second end surface, and 2 side wall surfaces.

[0206] Among them, the area of ​​the first abutting surface 111 is larger than the area of ​​the other four surfaces. That is to say, the area of ​​the first abutting surface 111 is larger than the area of ​​the first end face, the area of ​​the first abutting surface 111 is larger than the area of ​​the second end face, and the area of ​​the first abutting surface 111 is larger than the area of ​​the side wall surface.

[0207] The first contact surface 111 is the large surface of the battery, and the first and second surfaces are the large surfaces of the casing. The large surface has a large heat transfer area and a large expansion. By setting a heat insulation component 120 between the first contact surfaces 111, heat can be better blocked, ensuring the overall thermal safety of the battery pack 100.

[0208] The first surface and the second surface can be the first contact surface 111.

[0209] Along the height direction of the housing, the housing includes two oppositely arranged first end faces and second end faces, which are perpendicular to the first surface or the second surface, respectively.

[0210] The first end face, i.e. the top surface of the housing, is provided with a pole post 115, and the second end face, i.e. the bottom surface of the housing, is provided with a pressure relief valve.

[0211] The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects: the pole post 115 and the pressure relief valve are respectively set on the first end face and the second end face, not on the large surface, that is, not on the first surface and the second surface, so as to achieve thermal and electrical separation. After the battery 110 sprays the valve, the high temperature gas will not be sprayed onto the conductive structure, avoiding the battery 110 temperature rise too fast and severe thermal runaway. Therefore, by optimizing the range of the formula, the service life of the heat insulation component 120 can be improved and the material aging can be avoided.

[0212] It should be noted that lithium-ion batteries generally include a casing and the cells and electrolyte located inside the casing.

[0213] It should be noted that the shell includes 6 surfaces, including 2 large surfaces, namely 2 first abutment surfaces 111, 1 first end surface, 1 second end surface, and 2 side wall surfaces.

[0214] Among them, the area of ​​the first contact surface 111 is larger than the area of ​​the other four surfaces. That is, the area of ​​the first contact surface 111 is larger than the area of ​​the first end face, the area of ​​the first contact surface 111 is larger than the area of ​​the second end face, and the area of ​​the first contact surface 111 is larger than the area of ​​the side wall surface. It should be noted that the battery cell is the component in the battery where electrochemical reactions occur, and it is the smallest unit in the battery capable of carrying out electrochemical reactions such as charging / discharging.

[0215] A battery cell is the basic unit in a battery, typically consisting of a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator. Battery cells can be either wound or stacked. The main body of a battery cell includes the positive electrode, the negative electrode, and the separator located between the positive and negative electrodes.

[0216] Lithium-ion cells primarily function by the insertion and extraction of lithium ions between the positive and negative electrode plates. In cylindrical cells, a three-layer thin-film structure is wound into a cylindrical electrode assembly, while in cuboid cells, the thin-film structure is wound or stacked into an electrode assembly with a roughly cuboid shape.

[0217] The positive electrode is one of the core components of a battery that carries the positive electrode active material. During charging, metal ions (e.g., lithium ions) are released from the positive electrode active material (oxidation reaction), migrate through the electrolyte, and intercalate into the negative electrode. During discharging, metal ions (e.g., lithium ions in a lithium battery) are released from the negative electrode and intercalated into the positive electrode active material (reduction reaction), thus realizing the storage and release of lithium ions.

[0218] In some embodiments, the positive electrode sheet generally includes a positive current collector and a positive active material layer. The positive active material layer is coated on at least one surface of the positive current collector and includes: a positive active material, a conductive agent, and a binder.

[0219] The positive electrode active material includes, but is not limited to, at least one of the following materials: lithium phosphates, lithium transition metal oxides and their respective modified compounds, or other conventional materials that can be used as positive electrode active materials for batteries. These positive electrode active materials can be used alone or in combination of two or more. Lithium phosphates include, but are not limited to, at least one of lithium iron phosphate (e.g., LiFePO4 (also abbreviated as LFP)), lithium iron phosphate and carbon composites, lithium manganese phosphate (e.g., LiMnPO4), lithium manganese phosphate and carbon composites, lithium iron manganese phosphate, and lithium iron manganese phosphate and carbon composites. Lithium transition metal oxides include, but are not limited to, at least one of lithium cobalt oxides (e.g., LiCoO2), lithium nickel oxides (e.g., LiNiO2), lithium manganese oxides (e.g., LiMnO2, LiMn2O4), lithium nickel cobalt oxides, lithium manganese cobalt oxides, lithium nickel manganese oxides, lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxides, and their modified compounds.

[0220] The positive electrode current collector includes a conductive metal foil, which can be made of stainless steel, copper, aluminum, nickel, carbon electrodes, or titanium with a silver-plated surface. The positive electrode current collector can also include a composite current collector, which may include a polymer material substrate and a metal layer. The composite current collector can be formed by forming a metal material (aluminum, aluminum alloy, copper, nickel, nickel alloy, titanium, titanium alloy, silver, and silver alloy, etc.) on a polymer material substrate (such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene, etc.).

[0221] The positive electrode conductive agent includes, but is not limited to, one or more combinations of graphite, superconducting carbon, carbon black (such as acetylene black, Ketjen black, etc.), carbon nanotubes, graphene and carbon nanofibers.

[0222] The positive electrode binder includes, but is not limited to, one or more combinations of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), PVDF-tetrafluoroethylene-propylene terpolymer, PVDF-hexafluoropropylene-tetrafluoroethylene terpolymer, tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymer, fluorinated acrylate resin, styrene-butadiene rubber, polyacrylic acid, sodium polyacrylate, polyacrylamide, polyvinyl alcohol, sodium alginate, polymethacrylic acid, carboxymethyl chitosan, etc.

[0223] In some embodiments, the negative electrode sheet includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active layer disposed on at least one surface of the negative electrode current collector. The negative electrode current collector is a conductive metal foil, which can be made of stainless steel, copper, aluminum, nickel, carbon electrode, or titanium with a silver-plated surface. The negative electrode current collector may also include a composite current collector, which may include a polymer material base layer and a metal layer. The composite current collector can be formed by forming a metal material (aluminum, aluminum alloy, copper, nickel, nickel alloy, titanium, titanium alloy, silver and silver alloy, etc.) on a polymer material substrate (such as a substrate of polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene, etc.).

[0224] The battery cell also includes tabs, which are located on one side of the positive / negative current collector battery cell and are separately or integrally formed with the current collector. They are electrically connected to the current collector to conduct the current on the corresponding current collector. When the tabs and the current collector are separately set, the tabs and the current collector can be connected by welding.

[0225] The tabs are made of a metal material with good electrical conductivity (such as copper, aluminum, or nickel).

[0226] The diaphragm is placed between the positive and negative electrode plates to separate them and prevent them from short-circuiting due to contact.

[0227] In some embodiments, the diaphragm may be at least one of glass fiber, nonwoven fabric, polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), and polyvinylidene fluoride. A coating may also be provided on the diaphragm surface, which may be an inorganic coating and / or an organic coating. The inorganic coating material includes at least one of alumina, silicon oxide, titanium oxide, magnesium oxide, zirconium oxide, and boehmite; the organic coating includes at least one of aramid coating and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) coating.

[0228] The electrolyte is located between the positive and negative electrodes, serving to conduct ions between them. Electrolytes include liquid electrolytes, gel polymer electrolytes, and solid electrolytes; liquid electrolytes are those that are in a liquid state, possessing the function of conducting ions while isolating electrons. Liquid electrolytes are composed of solvents, electrolyte salts, additives, and other chemical substances; solvents can be carbonates, carboxylic esters, or ethers; electrolyte salts can be lithium salts, sodium salts, or zinc salts; additives can be ethylene carbonate, fluoroethylene carbonate, propylene sulfite, vinyl sulfite, etc.

[0229] In some embodiments, the terminal post 115 is used to electrically connect the electrode assembly (cell) located inside the housing to an external device (adjacent battery or other electrical device) located outside the housing. The battery 110 can discharge to the external device through the cell output terminal (tab) and the terminal post 115, and an external power source can charge the battery 110 through the terminal post 115 and the cell output terminal (tab). The terminal post 115 can be directly electrically connected to the tab, or it can be electrically connected to the tab through a metal adapter piece.

[0230] In some embodiments, the pole post 115 includes, but is not limited to, metal materials such as copper, aluminum, aluminum alloy, and copper-aluminum alloy.

[0231] It should be noted that a pressure relief valve is a component or part that can be activated to release internal pressure or temperature when the internal pressure or temperature of a battery cell reaches a predetermined threshold.

[0232] During battery use, the pressure relief valve is mainly used to allow gas inside the battery 110 to be released in order to reduce the internal pressure of the battery 110 in order to prevent the battery 110 from deforming or exploding due to excessive pressure increase when thermal runaway or other situations occur.

[0233] In some embodiments, the material of the pressure relief valve is not limited, including but not limited to aluminum, steel, alloys, etc. The shape of the pressure relief valve is not limited, for example, square, oblong, elliptical, racetrack-shaped, etc. The type of pressure relief valve is not limited, for example, a scored explosion-proof valve, wherein the scored areas include grooves, which can be formed by stamping or laser etching. In some optional embodiments, 50m 2 / g≤Am 2 / g≤1000m 2 / g, if A is too large, the fiber filament skeleton is finer and the insulation strength is lower; if A is too small, the fiber filament skeleton is thicker and the heat conduction and heat transfer are greater, resulting in poor insulation effect.

[0234] In some embodiments, 80m 2 / g≤Am 2 / g≤800m 2 / g.

[0235] In some alternative implementations, 0.62mm≤Lmm≤8mm, where if L is too large, the space utilization is low, and if it is too small, the heat insulation effect is poor.

[0236] In some embodiments, 0.65mm ≤ Lmm ≤ 5mm.

[0237] In some alternative implementations, 0.7≤B≤1.04, where B is too small, resulting in poor heat insulation; and B is too large, resulting in low space utilization.

[0238] In some embodiments, 0.72 ≤ B ≤ 1.02.

[0239] In some embodiments, 39.72 ≤ A*L*B ≤ 4030.41.

[0240] In some alternative embodiments, at least two batteries 110 include a first battery and a second battery disposed adjacent to each other, and a heat insulation component 120 is located between the first contact surface 111 of the first battery and the first contact surface 111 of the second battery.

[0241] The first battery is charged from 10% SOC to 80% SOC in ≤15 minutes. The second battery is charged normally from 10% SOC to 80% SOC in >15 minutes. During the entire charging process, the temperature difference between the first contact surface 111 of the first battery and the first contact surface 111 of the second battery is ≥5℃.

[0242] It should be noted that the charging conditions for the first battery were as follows: the prepared battery was placed at 25°C for 4 hours until thermal equilibrium was reached; the battery was charged at a constant current of 0.1C to the upper limit voltage, and then charged at a constant voltage until the current was less than or equal to 0.05C; then discharged at 0.1C to the lower limit voltage, and the above steps were repeated 3 times, with the capacity discharged in the third cycle being taken as the battery discharge capacity; after standing for 10 minutes, it was discharged at 1C to 2.5V, and after standing for 10 minutes, it was charged at 0.33C to 10% SOC; then it was first charged at a constant current rate of 4C, and then the charging rate was gradually reduced in 0.2C increments until it reached 0.4C, with the cutoff condition for each charge being charging to the upper limit voltage; the charging time between 10% SOC (10%×C) and 80% SOC (80%×C) was recorded. When the positive electrode active material includes lithium iron phosphate, the upper limit voltage is 3.65V; when the positive electrode active material includes lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide, the upper limit voltage is 4.25V.

[0243] The charging conditions for the second battery are as follows: The prepared battery is placed at 25°C for 4 hours until thermal equilibrium is reached. The battery is charged at 0.33C to the upper limit voltage, and then charged at a constant voltage until the cutoff current is less than or equal to 0.05C. When the positive electrode active material includes lithium iron phosphate, the upper limit voltage is 3.65V. When the positive electrode active material includes lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide, the upper limit voltage is 4.25V.

[0244] In some embodiments, the preparation method of the heat insulation component 120 is as follows: aerogel, fiber and other raw materials are mixed in a certain mass ratio, premixed at a speed of 10~100 r / min for 30~100 min, and then passed through a 10000 sieve to remove particles with small particle size. The sieved material is then mixed at a speed of 800~2000 r / min for 5~20 min, and the mixture is extruded and molded, and then encapsulated with a packaging component to obtain the heat insulation component.

[0245] In some embodiments, the method for preparing battery 110 is as follows:

[0246] (1) Preparation of the positive electrode:

[0247] The prepared positive electrode active material, conductive agent (e.g., acetylene black), and binder (e.g., PVDF) are mixed, and solvent NMP is added. The mixture is stirred under vacuum until the system is homogeneous to obtain a positive electrode slurry. The positive electrode slurry is uniformly coated on both surfaces of the positive electrode current collector aluminum foil, air-dried at room temperature, and then transferred to an oven for further drying. Finally, the positive electrode sheet is obtained by rolling and slitting.

[0248] Specifically, the mass ratio of positive electrode active material: conductive agent: binder satisfies (92~98): (4~1): (4~1).

[0249] (2) Preparation of negative electrode:

[0250] The negative electrode active material, conductive agent (e.g., acetylene black), thickener (e.g., carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)), and binder (e.g., styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR)) are mixed, and deionized water is added as a solvent. The mixture is stirred under vacuum until the system is homogeneous to obtain a negative electrode slurry. The negative electrode slurry is uniformly coated on both surfaces of the negative electrode current collector copper foil, air-dried at room temperature, and then transferred to an oven for further drying. Finally, the negative electrode sheet is obtained by rolling and slitting.

[0251] Specifically, the ratio of negative electrode active material: conductive agent: thickener: binder satisfies (90~96): (4~2): (2~1): (4~1).

[0252] (3) Preparation of electrolyte:

[0253] Ethylene carbonate (EC), ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC), and diethyl carbonate (DEC) were mixed in a volume ratio of 1:1:1 to obtain an organic solvent. Then, fully dried lithium salt LiPF6 was dissolved in the mixed organic solvent to prepare an electrolyte with a concentration of 1 mol / L.

[0254] (4) Preparation of the diaphragm:

[0255] Polyethylene film is selected as the diaphragm.

[0256] (5) Preparation of lithium-ion batteries:

[0257] The aforementioned positive electrode sheet, separator, and negative electrode sheet are sequentially wound or stacked to form a bare cell. The bare cell is then placed in a battery casing, which is a prismatic casing. The battery is dried, injected with electrolyte, and then packaged, allowed to stand, formed, and volume-adjusted to obtain a lithium-ion battery.

[0258] In the selection of materials for the aforementioned battery, this application may also select other materials, not limited to those limited by the above preparation method. The positive electrode active material may be selected from one or more lithium-containing positive electrode active materials, including lithium iron phosphate, ternary materials containing nickel, cobalt, and manganese, and lithium manganese iron phosphate. The conductive agent in the positive electrode sheet may also be selected from one or more of graphite, superconducting carbon, Ketjen black, Super P, carbon nanotubes, graphene, and carbon nanofibers. The binder in the positive electrode sheet may also be selected from one or more of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), vinylidene fluoride-tetrafluoroethylene-propylene ternary copolymer, vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene-tetrafluoroethylene ternary copolymer, tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymer, fluorinated acrylate resin, styrene-butadiene rubber, polyacrylic acid, sodium polyacrylate, polyacrylamide, polyvinyl alcohol, sodium alginate, polymethacrylic acid, and carboxymethyl chitosan. The positive electrode current collector may also be selected from one or more of stainless steel with silver plating, stainless steel, aluminum, nickel, carbon electrode, carbon, nickel, and titanium. The positive electrode current collector may also include a composite current collector, which may include a polymer material base layer and a metal layer. Composite current collectors can be formed by forming metallic materials (aluminum, aluminum alloys, copper, nickel, nickel alloys, titanium, titanium alloys, silver and silver alloys, etc.) on a polymer substrate (such as a substrate of polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene, etc.).

[0259] The negative electrode active material can be selected from one or more of the following negative electrode active main materials: artificial graphite, natural graphite, silicon carbide, silicon oxide, lithium titanate, etc.; the conductive agent in the negative electrode sheet can be selected from one or more of the following: conductive carbon black, conductive graphite, carbon nanotubes, graphene, carbon fiber, etc.; the binder in the negative electrode sheet can be selected from one or more of the following: styrene-butadiene rubber, polyacrylic acid and its salts, sodium alginate, etc.; the thickener in the negative electrode sheet can be selected from one or more of the following: sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, polyacrylonitrile multi-component copolymer, etc.

[0260] The negative electrode current collector can also be selected from one or more of the following, including stainless steel, copper, nickel, carbon electrodes, carbon, nickel, and titanium with surface silver plating; the negative electrode current collector can also include a composite current collector, which may include a polymer material substrate and a metal layer. The composite current collector can be formed by forming a metal material (aluminum, aluminum alloy, copper, nickel, nickel alloy, titanium, titanium alloy, silver, and silver alloy, etc.) on a polymer material substrate (such as a substrate of polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene, etc.). The negative electrode active layer includes the negative electrode active material, conductive components, adhesives, etc.

[0261] In some embodiments, regarding the preparation of the battery pack: five batteries 110 prepared by the above preparation method are selected and stacked with the contact surfaces (large surfaces) of the batteries facing each other, and a heat insulation component 120 is provided between adjacent batteries, wherein the large surface is the surface with the largest area on the outer surface of the battery 110, and the terminals of the five batteries are electrically connected by a conductive busbar to realize series or parallel connection.

[0262] It should be noted that, regarding performance point 1, the temperature test of adjacent batteries:

[0263] According to the above-described method for preparing batteries and battery packs, one battery pack was prepared for each embodiment and comparative example. In each battery pack, a temperature sensor was installed on the surface of the battery adjacent to the end battery, or the temperature of the surface of the battery adjacent to the end battery was measured by an infrared thermometer. That is, the batteries on both sides of the heat insulation component are the first battery and the second battery, the first battery is the end battery, and a heat insulation component is provided between the second battery and the first battery. The temperature sensor is located on the surface of the battery near the end battery. The values ​​of A, B and L of the heat insulation component in the battery packs of each embodiment and comparative example are shown in Table 1 below. Apart from this, the rest of the structure is the same.

[0264] The battery packs of each embodiment and comparative example were subjected to end battery piercing according to the GB / T31485-2015 standard. A high-temperature resistant steel needle with a diameter of 5 mm was used to pierce the end battery on the side of the battery pack with a temperature sensor from a direction perpendicular to the large surface of the battery at a speed of 25 ± 5 mm per second. Timing was started when the end battery thermally ran away. The temperature of the temperature sensor was recorded 3 minutes after the end battery thermally ran away. If the temperature was less than or equal to 80°C, it was considered good. If the temperature was greater than 80°C but less than or equal to 120°C, it was considered qualified. If the temperature was greater than 120°C, it was considered unqualified.

[0265] When the positive electrode active material includes nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary materials, the upper limit voltage of the battery is 4.25V and the lower limit voltage is 2.5V. When the positive electrode active material includes lithium iron phosphate, the upper limit voltage of the battery is 3.65V and the lower limit voltage is 2.5V.

[0266] In this test, the positive electrode active material of the battery was selected from lithium iron phosphate as an example. Other positive electrode materials all met the above test requirements. The mass ratio of positive electrode active material: conductive agent: binder met 96:2:2. The negative electrode active material was selected from artificial graphite. The ratio of negative electrode active material: conductive agent: thickener: binder met 95:2:1:2. The cell style was selected as wound cell. Other cell types all met the above test requirements. The battery pack had 5 batteries connected in series. Other electrical connections all met the above test requirements.

[0267] Performance 2, Regarding space utilization test:

[0268] Following the aforementioned battery and battery pack preparation method, one battery pack was prepared for each embodiment and comparative example. In each battery pack, five batteries were connected in series. The values ​​of A, B, and L of the heat insulation component in the battery packs of each embodiment and comparative example are shown in Table 1 below. Apart from this, the remaining structures are the same. The maximum dimension of the battery pack along the battery stacking direction was measured and denoted as X1 (mm). The maximum dimension of the battery pack along the battery height direction was measured and denoted as Y1 (mm). The maximum dimensions of the battery pack along the vertical stacking direction and the height direction were measured and denoted as Z1 (mm). The volume of the battery pack, V = X1 * Y1 * Z1 (mm). 3 The volume of the battery pack is calculated. The battery pack is discharged to the lower limit voltage at 0.33C, and the battery is disassembled. The cells are removed, and the dimensions of the cells in the battery pack stacking direction, height direction, and perpendicular stacking direction and height direction are measured and recorded as X2, Y2, and Z2. The total volume of the cells is recorded as V2 = 5(X2*Y2*Z2). The space utilization rate is (V2 / V1)*100%. If the space utilization rate is less than 70%, it is unqualified. If the space utilization rate is ≥70% but less than or equal to 75%, it is qualified. If the space utilization rate is greater than 75%, it is good.

[0269] When the positive electrode active material includes nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary materials, the upper limit voltage of the battery is 4.25V and the lower limit voltage is 2.5V. When the positive electrode active material includes lithium iron phosphate, the upper limit voltage of the battery is 3.65V and the lower limit voltage is 2.5V.

[0270] The positive electrode active material used in this test was selected from LiNi. 0.6 Co 0.2 Mn 0.2 Taking O2 as an example, all other positive electrode materials meet the above test requirements, and the mass ratio of positive electrode active material: conductive agent: binder meets 96:2:2; the negative electrode active material is selected from artificial graphite, and the ratio of negative electrode active material: conductive agent: thickener: binder meets 95:2:1:2; the cell style is selected as wound cell, and other cell types meet the above test requirements; the battery pack has 5 cells connected in series, and other electrical connections meet the above test requirements.

[0271] Table 1: Comparison of Battery Performance between Examples and Comparative Examples

[0272]

[0273] The battery pack provided in this application includes at least two batteries, each battery comprising a casing and a cell, the cell being located within the casing, and each battery having a first contact surface; a heat insulation component is disposed between two adjacent batteries, the heat insulation component having a second contact surface facing the first contact surface; along the height direction of the battery, the ratio of the height of the heat insulation component to the height of the battery is B; the heat insulation component includes a heat insulation element comprising a mixture of aerogel and filaments, and the heat insulation element having a specific surface area Am. 2 / g, the distance between the battery cell and the insulation component is Lmm, and satisfies: 22.1≤A*L*B≤8136.34.

[0274] By limiting the range of values ​​for A*L*B, the insulation layer can maintain stable thermal barrier capabilities at high temperatures, avoiding the risk of heat spread caused by material aging or unreasonable design. On the one hand, it improves the thermal insulation capability, thereby significantly enhancing the safety of the battery pack; on the other hand, it improves space utilization.

[0275] In addition, this application also provides a battery box 200, including a box body 210 and the aforementioned battery pack 100;

[0276] The battery pack 100 is located inside the housing 210.

[0277] The housing 210, as an external protective structure, together with the multi-layered thermal insulation design of the internal battery pack 100 (such as the thermal insulation component 120, air layer, and insulating components), forms a gradient thermal resistance system from the cell 113 to the external environment. When a battery 110 experiences thermal runaway, the heat it generates is first blocked and delayed by the highly efficient thermal insulation structure inside the battery pack 100, greatly reducing the risk of heat spreading within the battery 110 module. Even if a small amount of heat breaches the internal insulation, the housing 210 provides final physical isolation and heat dissipation space, effectively preventing the thermal runaway event from spreading to the entire battery box 200 system, or even the vehicle or energy storage device, greatly improving overall safety.

[0278] In some alternative embodiments, the housing 210 is made of metal (such as aluminum alloy) or composite material, possessing sufficient structural strength and sealing performance. The housing 210 contains internal fixing beams or mounting rails for positioning and securing the battery pack 100.

[0279] The battery pack 100, as described above, is installed in the designated position on the housing 210. The terminals 115 of the battery pack 100 are connected in series or parallel via connectors (such as busbars) and connected to the external power interface provided on the housing 210.

[0280] In addition, this application embodiment also provides an electrical device, including the battery box 200 described above.

[0281] The electrical equipment can serve as the operating power source for the electrical device or as the driving power source for the electrical device, replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle. Electrical devices include: energy storage devices, electric ships, aircraft, laptops, power tools, electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, electric cars, aerospace, and many other technical fields. In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships, are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description. They do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0282] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0283] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A battery pack, characterized in that, include: At least two batteries (110), each battery (110) including a housing (112) and a cell (113), the cell (113) being located within the housing (112), and the battery (110) having a first contact surface (111). A heat insulation component (120) is disposed between two adjacent batteries (110), the heat insulation component (120) having a second contact surface (122) facing the first contact surface (111). Along the height direction of the battery (110), the ratio of the height of the heat insulation component (120) to the height of the battery (110) is B; The thermal insulation component (120) includes a thermal insulation element (121), which comprises a mixture of aerogel and filaments (1211), and the thermal insulation element (121) has a specific surface area Am. 2 / g, the distance between the battery cell (113) and the heat insulation component (120) is Lmm, and satisfies: 22.1≤A*L*B≤8136.

34.

2. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery pack also includes an insulating element that encloses at least a portion of the battery (110) and is located between the battery (110) and the heat insulation component (120), wherein the thermal conductivity of the insulating element is less than that of the housing (112). The thickness of the insulating component is between 50 μm and 150 μm.

3. The battery pack according to claim 2, characterized in that, The thermal conductivity of the insulating component is greater than that of the heat insulation component (121).

4. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery pack also includes an adhesive (130), and the second contact surface (122) includes an adhesive area (1222) and an exposed area (1221), the exposed area (1221) being located in the middle of the second contact surface (122), and the adhesive area (1222) being located on the periphery of the second contact surface (122); The adhesive area (1222) is attached to the first contact surface (111) by the adhesive piece (130).

5. The battery pack according to claim 4, characterized in that, There are at least two adhesive pieces (130), and along the height direction of the battery (110), at least two adhesive pieces (130) are located on opposite sides of the heat insulation member (121).

6. The battery pack according to claim 4, characterized in that, Along the height direction of the battery (110), the exposed area (1221) has a height C mm, and satisfies: 50 mm ≤ C mm ≤ 120 mm.

7. The battery pack according to claim 4, characterized in that, The location of the exposed area (1221) corresponds to the middle area of ​​the battery (110), and B≤1.

02.

8. The battery pack according to claim 4, characterized in that, Along the arrangement direction of at least two batteries (110), the adhesive (130) protrudes from the plane of the exposed area (1221) away from the second contact surface (122), with a protrusion distance Dmm, and satisfies: 0.1mm≤Dmm≤3mm.

9. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, Along the height direction of the battery (110), the heat insulation component (120) has a height H1mm, the battery (110) has a height H2mm, and satisfies: H1mm>H2mm.

10. The battery pack according to claim 9, characterized in that, 0.1mm≤H1mm-H2mm≤5mm.

11. The battery pack according to claim 9, characterized in that, The battery (110) has an end face (114) with an angle between the end face (114) and the first contact surface (111), and an electrode post (115) is provided on the end face (114). The top of the heat insulation component (120) is lower than the top of the electrode post (115).

12. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, There is a gap between two adjacent batteries (110); Along the length of the heat insulation component (120), at least one end of the heat insulation component (120) protrudes from the battery (110) and is located within the gap.

13. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thermal insulation component (120) further includes an encapsulation component (123) for encapsulating the thermal insulation component (121). The encapsulation (123) has a first edge segment (1231) and a second edge segment (1232) extending along the length direction of the thermal insulation assembly (120); The first edge segment (1231) overlaps with each other to form an overlapping segment (1235), and the projection of the overlapping segment (1235) is located on the second abutment surface (122) along the thickness direction of the thermal insulation component (120).

14. The battery pack according to claim 13, characterized in that, Along the width direction of the thermal insulation component (120), the width of the overlapping section (1235) is between 5mm and 30mm.

15. The battery pack according to claim 13, characterized in that, The encapsulation (123) also has a third edge segment (1233) and a fourth edge segment (1234), the extension directions of the third edge segment (1233) and the fourth edge segment (1234) being consistent with the width direction of the thermal insulation component (120); At least a portion of the third edge segment (1233) and the fourth edge segment (1234) covers the overlapping segment (1235).

16. The battery pack according to claim 13, characterized in that, The thickness of the package (123) is between 50 μm and 200 μm.

17. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1-16, characterized in that, The fiber filament (1211) has a mass content of 0.5%-10% in the thermal insulation component (121); and / or, The length of the fiber filament (1211) ranges from 5 mm to 20 mm.

18. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1-16, characterized in that, The ratio of the mass content of the fiber filament (1211) in the insulation component (121) to the mass content of the aerogel in the insulation component (121) is 0.0065-0.

2.

19. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1-16, characterized in that, At least some of the aerogel particles are located between the fiber filaments (1211), and pores are formed between adjacent aerogel particles.

20. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1-16, characterized in that, The fiber filament (1211) includes at least one of glass fiber, ceramic fiber, and basalt fiber.

21. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1-16, characterized in that, The aerogel includes at least one of silica aerogel, phase silica, alumina aerogel, and zirconia aerogel.

22. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1-16, characterized in that, The heat insulation component (121) also includes a light-blocking agent, which includes at least one of carbon black, silicon carbide, titanium dioxide, zirconium silicate, and zirconium oxide.

23. The battery pack according to claim 22, characterized in that, The light-blocking agent has a mass content of 10%-40% in the heat insulation component (121).

24. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1-16, characterized in that, The area of ​​the second contact surface (122) is larger than the area of ​​the first contact surface (111).

25. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1-16, characterized in that, There are at least two heat insulation components (120), and at least two heat insulation components (120) are spaced apart along the arrangement direction of the battery pack; At least two batteries (110) are provided between two adjacent heat insulation components (120), and the thickness Fmm of the heat insulation component (121) satisfies: Fmm≥0.6mm.

26. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1-16, characterized in that, The positive electrode material of the battery (110) includes layered transition metal oxides, and the capacity of the battery (110) ranges from 100Ah to 600Ah, and 25.83≤A*L*B≤8136.

34.

27. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1-16, characterized in that, The housing (112) includes a first surface, which is disposed opposite to the second abutment surface (122).

28. The battery pack according to claim 27, characterized in that, The wall thickness of the first surface of the housing (112) ranges from 0.1 mm to 0.8 mm; and / or, The housing (112) comprises a steel shell, and 22.10≤A*L*B≤7500.

29. The battery pack according to claim 27, characterized in that, The housing (112) further includes a second surface. Along the arrangement direction of the battery pack, the first surface and the second surface are located on opposite sides of the housing (112), and at least one of the first surface and the second surface is disposed opposite to the second abutment surface (122), and Lmm≤7.5mm.

30. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1-16, characterized in that, 50m 2 / g≤Am 2 / g≤1000m 2 / g; and / or, 0.62mm≤Lmm≤8mm; and / or, 0.7≤B≤1.04。 31. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1-16, characterized in that, At least two batteries (110) include a first battery and a second battery arranged adjacent to each other, and the heat insulation component (120) is located between the first contact surface (111) of the first battery and the first contact surface (111) of the second battery; The first battery is charged from 10% SOC to 80% SOC in a time of ≤15 minutes, and the second battery is charged from 10% SOC to 80% SOC in a time of >15 minutes. During the entire charging process, the temperature difference between the first contact surface (111) of the first battery and the first contact surface (111) of the second battery is ≥5℃.

32. A battery box, characterized in that, Includes a housing (210) and a battery pack according to any one of claims 1-30; The battery pack is located inside the housing (210).

33. An electrical appliance, characterized in that, Includes the battery box as described in claim 32.

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