Solid-state battery, power system, and vehicle

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a solid-state battery, a power system and a vehicle, and belongs to the technical field of automobile batteries. The solid-state battery comprises a shell, a battery cell, a first buffer and a second buffer. The battery cell, the first buffer and the second buffer are all arranged in the shell, and the battery cell is arranged with the first buffer and the second buffer on both sides. The second buffer is located between the first buffer and the battery cell on the same side and is in contact with the first buffer and the battery cell. By using the present disclosure, the second buffer can form a first buffer, the first buffer can form a second buffer, and through the first buffer and the second buffer, two-stage buffering can be formed between the battery cell and the shell, thereby absorbing part of the stress generated by the battery cell during charging or discharging, reducing the stress transmitted to the shell, and improving the service life of the shell.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure pertains to the field of automotive battery technology, and particularly relates to a solid-state battery, a power system, and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] With the energy density of traditional liquid lithium-ion batteries and lithium-ion polymer batteries approaching theoretical limits in engineering, and organic electrolytes posing safety hazards such as flammability, the development of solid-state batteries has gradually become an important focus of the industry. Solid-state batteries are regarded as the core technology of the next generation of power batteries due to their high energy density and high safety.

[0003] However, solid-state batteries are prone to a "breathing effect" during charging or discharging. This means that the cells are prone to periodic expansion and contraction during charging or discharging, which exerts a force on the solid-state battery casing, easily causing plastic deformation or damage to the casing. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This disclosure provides a solid-state battery, a power system, and a vehicle, which can solve the technical problems existing in related technologies. The technical solution is as follows: This disclosure provides a solid-state battery, which includes a casing, a battery cell, a first buffer, and a second buffer. The battery cell, the first buffer and the second buffer are all disposed inside the housing, and the first buffer and the second buffer are arranged on both sides of the battery cell; The second buffer is located between the first buffer and the battery cell on the same side, and is in contact with both the first buffer and the battery cell.

[0005] In some possible implementations, the first buffer is an expansion beam.

[0006] In some possible implementations, the first buffer includes a beam and a support. The beam includes a first side plate and a second side plate spaced apart, with the second side plate abutting against the second buffer member; The support portion is connected between the first side plate and the second side plate.

[0007] In some possible implementations, the support is configured as a plate-like structure, and the support is inclined relative to the second side plate.

[0008] In some possible implementations, the number of the support portions is two.

[0009] In some possible implementations, the distance between the two support portions connected to the second side plate is less than the distance between the two support portions connected to the first side plate.

[0010] In some possible implementations, the solid-state battery further includes a first end cap; The first end cap is installed at the end of the battery cell.

[0011] In some possible implementations, the solid-state battery further includes a second end cap; The second end cap is installed on the side of the first end cap that is away from the battery cell.

[0012] This disclosure also provides a power system including a hybrid solid-state battery as described above.

[0013] This disclosure also provides a vehicle including the power system described above.

[0014] The technical solution provided in this disclosure includes at least the following beneficial effects: The solid-state battery disclosed herein has a second buffer that can form a primary buffer and a first buffer that can form a secondary buffer. The first and second buffers can form a two-stage buffer between the cell and the casing, which can buffer the force applied to the casing when the cell periodically expands and contracts, thereby reducing the stress transmitted from the cell to the casing and improving the service life of the casing.

[0015] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and are not intended to limit this disclosure. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this disclosure. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a solid-state battery provided in an embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 2 This is an exploded view of a battery cell unit provided in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0017] Legend 1. Solid-state batteries; 10. Outer casing; 11. Battery cell; 111. Battery cell unit; 1111. Housing; 1111a. Sub-housing; 1111b. Cover; 1112. Individual battery cell; 1113. Third buffer component; 1114. Heat insulation component; 12. First buffer component; 121. Beam body; 1211. First side plate; 1212. Second side plate; 122. Support component; 13. Second buffer.

[0018] The accompanying drawings have illustrated specific embodiments of this disclosure, which will be described in more detail below. These drawings and descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept in any way, but rather to illustrate the concepts of this disclosure to those skilled in the art through reference to particular embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this disclosure clearer, the embodiments of this disclosure will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this disclosure can be combined with each other. This disclosure will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0021] Solid-state batteries (especially those with lithium or silicon-carbon anodes) may experience a "breathing effect" during charge-discharge cycles. Specifically, the electrodes within the cell may periodically expand and contract during these cycles. It's understood that a solid-solid interface forms between the electrodes and the solid electrolyte. When the electrodes contract, this interface may separate, creating gaps that weaken or even block ion transport, leading to a surge in internal resistance and even battery failure. Therefore, during solid-state battery assembly, a casing is typically used to constrain the cell, ensuring a tighter contact between the electrodes and the solid electrolyte and preventing interface separation during contraction. For ease of description, the following examples will use a force transmission method. Because the casing constrains the cell, the electrodes transmit force to the casing during expansion. If the force on the casing exceeds the yield strength of the casing material, the casing will undergo irreversible permanent deformation, leading to failure of the casing's encapsulation of the internal components, such as the cell.

[0022] This disclosure provides a solid-state battery 1. (See reference...) Figure 1 The solid-state battery 1 includes a casing 10 (not shown in the figure), a battery cell 11, a first buffer 12, and a second buffer 13. The battery cell 11, the first buffer 12, and the second buffer 13 are all disposed within the casing 10, with the first buffer 12 and the second buffer 13 arranged on both sides of the battery cell 11. The second buffer 13 is located between the first buffer 12 and the battery cell 11 on the same side, and is in contact with both the first buffer 12 and the battery cell 11.

[0023] In the first direction (e.g.) Figure 1 In the X direction (as shown), the interior of the outer casing 10 is arranged in the following order: first buffer 12, second buffer 13, battery cell 11, second buffer 13, and first buffer 12. The second buffer 13 abuts against the adjacent first buffer 12, and the second buffer 13 also abuts against the battery cell 11. The surface of the first buffer 12 facing away from the second buffer 13 in the first direction can contact the outer casing 10. It is understood that the outer casing 10 can apply relative pressure to the two first buffers 12 in the first direction to constrain the first buffer 12, second buffer 13, and battery cell 11, ensuring close contact between the electrodes of the battery cell 11 and the solid electrolyte, and preventing interface separation between the electrodes and the solid electrolyte.

[0024] During charging or discharging, the electrodes of the solid-state battery 11 undergo periodic expansion and contraction, which can be roughly considered as the periodic expansion and contraction of the cell 11 itself. When the cell 11 periodically expands and contracts, it applies a force to the second buffer, which is then transmitted sequentially through the second buffer 13 and the first buffer 12 to the outer casing 10. It can be understood that when the force is transmitted to the second buffer 13, it can buffer part of the force; similarly, when the force is transmitted to the first buffer 12, it can also buffer part of the force. In other words, the second buffer 13 provides primary buffering, and the first buffer 12 provides secondary buffering. By forming two levels of buffering between the cell 11 and the outer casing 10, the force applied to the outer casing 10 during the periodic expansion and contraction of the cell 11 is buffered, thus reducing the force transmitted from the cell 11 to the outer casing 10 and improving the lifespan of the outer casing 10.

[0025] In summary, by adopting the technical solution disclosed herein, the second buffer 13 can form a primary buffer, and the first buffer 12 can form a secondary buffer. The first buffer 12 and the second buffer 13 can form a two-stage buffer between the battery cell 11 and the outer casing 10, which can buffer the force applied to the outer casing 10 when the battery cell 11 expands and contracts periodically, thereby reducing the stress applied to the outer casing 10 by the battery cell 11 and improving the service life of the outer casing 10.

[0026] In some possible implementations, refer to Figure 1 The battery cell 11 includes a plurality of battery cell units 111 arranged along a first direction. (Reference) Figure 2 The battery cell unit 111 includes a housing 1111 and a battery cell 1112, with the battery cell 1112 encapsulated within the housing 1111.

[0027] The battery cell 1112 includes electrodes and a solid electrolyte in close contact. The battery cell 1112 can be in contact with the housing 1111 in a first direction, and the housings 1111 of two adjacent battery cells 111 are also in contact with each other.

[0028] During the charging or discharging process of the solid-state battery 1, the electrodes undergo periodic expansion and contraction, which can also be seen as the periodic expansion and contraction of the individual cell 1112. A force is applied to the casing 1111 of the cell unit 111, and this force is then transmitted sequentially through the second buffer 13 and the first buffer 12 to the outer shell 10. It is understood that when the force is transmitted to the casing 1111 of the cell unit 111, the casing 1111 can buffer part of the force; when the force is transmitted to the second buffer 13, the second buffer 13 can buffer part of the force; and when the force is transmitted to the first buffer 12, the first buffer 12 can also buffer part of the force. In other words, in this embodiment, the housing 1111 of the battery cell unit 111 can form a primary buffer, the second buffer 13 can form a secondary buffer, and the first buffer 12 can form a tertiary buffer. By forming a three-level buffer between the battery cell unit 1112 and the housing 10, the force applied to the housing 10 during the periodic expansion and contraction of the battery cell 11 can be buffered, that is, the force applied to the housing 10 by the battery cell 11 is weakened, thereby improving the service life of the housing 10.

[0029] In some possible implementations, refer to Figure 2 The battery cell unit 111 also includes a third buffer 1113. The third buffer 1113 is disposed inside the housing 1111, and the battery cell 1112 is in the first direction (e.g., Figure 2 A third buffer 1113 is provided on both sides of the first direction (as shown in the X direction). The two side surfaces of the third buffer 1113 in the first direction are in contact with the battery cell 1112 and the housing 1111, respectively.

[0030] During the charging or discharging process of the solid-state battery 1, the electrodes undergo periodic expansion and contraction, which can also be considered as the periodic expansion and contraction of the individual cell 1112. This applies force to the third buffer 1113, which is then transmitted sequentially through the housing 1111 of the cell unit 111, the second buffer 13, and the first buffer 12 to the outer casing 10. It is understood that when the force is transmitted to the third buffer 1113, it buffers part of the force; when the force is transmitted to the housing 1111 of the cell unit 111, it buffers part of the force; when the force is transmitted to the second buffer 13, it buffers part of the force; and when the force is transmitted to the first buffer 12, it buffers part of the force. In other words, in this embodiment, the third buffer 1113 can form a primary buffer, the housing 1111 of the battery cell 111 can form a secondary buffer, the second buffer 13 can form a tertiary buffer, and the first buffer 12 can form a quaternary buffer. By forming a four-level buffer between the battery cell 1112 and the housing 10, the force applied to the housing 10 during the periodic expansion and contraction of the battery cell 11 can be buffered, that is, the force applied to the housing 10 by the battery cell 11 is weakened, thereby improving the service life of the housing 10.

[0031] In some examples, a pressure sensor (not shown) is arranged on the surface of the third buffer 1113 that is in contact with the battery cell 1112.

[0032] When the solid-state battery 1 is charging or discharging, the electrodes undergo periodic expansion and contraction. The pressure sensor can detect the force applied to the third buffer 1113 by the electrodes during periodic expansion and contraction.

[0033] In some examples, reference Figure 2 The housing 1111 may include two sub-housings 1111a and two covers 1111b. The two sub-housings 1111a are in a first direction (e.g., Figure 2 The two sub-casings 1111a are located on both sides of the cell unit 1112 in the second direction (as shown in the X direction). Figure 2 Both sides of the Y-direction (as shown in the figure) have a first bend and a second bend, and both the first bend and the second bend have a direction along the third direction (e.g. Figure 2The edges extending in the Z direction (as shown in the diagram) weld the edges of the first bends of the two sub-shells 1111a together, and weld the edges of the second bends of the two sub-shells 1111a together, thereby encapsulating the battery cell 1112 and the third buffer 1113 in the first and second directions. Two covers 1111b are respectively disposed at both ends of the battery cell 1112 in the third direction, and both covers 1111b are connected to the two sub-shells 1111a, thereby encapsulating the battery cell 1112 and the third buffer 1113 in the third direction. The first and second directions are perpendicular to each other, the first direction is perpendicular to the third direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to the third direction.

[0034] The two sub-shells 1111a can be made of aluminum alloy, or other materials, without limitation. Furthermore, the edges of the first bends of the two sub-shells 1111a can be laser-welded to form a full-penetration weld; similarly, the edges of the second bends of the two sub-shells 1111a can also be laser-welded to form a full-penetration weld. Of course, other types of welding methods can also be used between the edges of the first and second bends of the two sub-shells 1111a, without limitation.

[0035] The cover 1111b and the sub-shell 1111a can be detachably connected by means of snap-fit ​​or bolt connection. The cover 1111b can be made of PPA (polyphthalamide) or flame-retardant PC (flame-retardant polycarbonate). Of course, the cover 1111b can also be made of other materials, which are not limited here.

[0036] In some possible implementations, refer to Figure 2 The battery cell unit 111 also includes a heat insulation element 1114. The heat insulation element 1114 is disposed inside the housing 1111, and the battery cell unit 1112 is provided with heat insulation elements 1114 on both sides in the second direction.

[0037] Understandably, when the edges of the first bends of the two sub-shells 1111a are welded together, the heat generated during the welding process can easily be transferred to the battery cell 1112, potentially causing adverse effects on the battery cell 1112. Similarly, when the edges of the second bends of the two sub-shells 1111a are welded together, the heat generated during the welding process can also easily be transferred to the battery cell 1112, potentially causing adverse effects on the battery cell 1112. Therefore, heat insulation members 1114 can be arranged on both sides of the battery cell 1112 in the second direction. One heat insulation member 1114 separates the battery cell 1112 from the first bend in the second direction, preventing the heat generated during the welding of the two first bends from being transferred to the battery cell 1112 through the heat insulation member 1114. Similarly, the other heat insulation member 1114 separates the battery cell 1112 from the second bend in the second direction, preventing the heat generated during the welding of the two second bends from being transferred to the battery cell 1112 through the heat insulation member 1114. By arranging heat insulation components 1114 on both sides of the cell 1112 in the second direction, the heat generated during the welding of the two first bends and the welding of the two second bends can be prevented from being transferred to the cell 1112, thereby protecting the cell 1112.

[0038] In some possible implementations, the first buffer 12 is an expansion beam.

[0039] The expansion beam has high rigidity, providing good support between the outer casing 10 and the battery cell 11. When the outer casing 10 constrains the battery cell 11, it can effectively transmit the force applied by the outer casing 10 to the battery cell 11. At the same time, the expansion beam also plays a good buffering role between the outer casing 10 and the battery cell 11. The stress generated by the periodic expansion and contraction of the battery cell 11 needs to be transmitted to the outer casing 10 through the expansion beam. The expansion beam can absorb part of the stress, thereby reducing the stress transmitted to the outer casing 10 and improving the service life of the outer casing 10.

[0040] In some possible implementations, referring to the figures, the first buffer 12 includes a beam 121 and a support 122. The beam 121 includes a first side plate 1211 and a second side plate 1212 spaced apart, with the second side plate 1212 abutting against the second buffer 13. The support 122 connects the first side plate 1211 and the second side plate 1212.

[0041] The first side plate 1211 and the second side plate 1212 can be distributed at intervals along the first direction, and the first side plate 1211 is located on the side of the second side plate 1212 away from the second buffer member 13 in the first direction, wherein the second side plate 1212 abuts against the second buffer member 13 in the first direction, and the first side plate 1211 abuts against the inner wall of the outer shell 10 in the first direction.

[0042] Among them, reference Figure 1 The beam 121 may further include a first end plate and a second end plate. The first end plate and the second end plate are spaced apart in a second direction and are both connected to the first side plate 1211 and the second side plate 1212. For example, the first end plate may connect the edges of the first side plate 1211 and the second side plate 1212 on one side in the second direction, and the second end plate may connect the edges of the first side plate 1211 and the second side plate 1212 on the other side in the second direction, and the extending directions of the first end plate and the second end plate may be parallel to the first direction.

[0043] By providing a first end plate and a second end plate between the first side plate 1211 and the second side plate 1212, support can be provided for the first side plate 1211 and the second side plate 1212 in the first direction, thereby improving the support effect between the first side plate 1211 and the second side plate 1212 in the first direction.

[0044] The support portion 122 connects the first side plate 1211 and the second side plate 1212, and the support portion 122 can be located between the first end plate and the second end plate in the second direction. The support portion 122 can further enhance the rigidity between the first side plate 1211 and the second side plate 1212, so that the first side plate 1211 and the second side plate 1212 can provide better support between the outer shell 10 and the battery cell 11 in the first direction. It can be understood that the second side plate 1212 has a buffer area that forms a gap with the first side plate 1211. The buffer area can provide a good buffering effect for the first buffer member 12, that is, it can play a good buffering role between the outer shell 10 and the battery cell 11. When the force applied by the periodic expansion and contraction of the battery cell 11 is transmitted to the first side plate 1211, these areas can play a buffering effect, thereby reducing the stress applied to the outer shell 10 and improving the service life of the outer shell 10.

[0045] In some possible implementations, the support portion 122 may be configured as a plate-like structure, with the support portion 122 and the second side plate 1212 being inclined relative to each other.

[0046] In other words, the support portion 122 can be inclined relative to the second direction and relative to the second side plate 1212, thus forming a relatively stable structure and providing relatively stable support for the first side plate 1211 and the second side plate 1212 in the first direction.

[0047] In some possible implementations, the number of support portions 122 is two.

[0048] The two support portions 122 can be spaced apart along the second direction. The two support portions 122 can further enhance the support provided to the first side plate 1211 and the second side plate 1212 in the first direction.

[0049] Of course, the number of support parts 122 can be three or more, and there is no limitation here.

[0050] In some possible implementations, the distance between the two support portions 122 and the second side plate 1212 is less than the distance between the two support portions 122 and the first side plate 1211.

[0051] In other words, the distance in the second direction between the two support portions 122 connecting one edge of the second side plate 1212 is less than the distance in the second direction between the two support portions 122 connecting one edge of the first side plate 1211. This arrangement can further improve the stability of the first buffer member 12.

[0052] In some possible implementations, the solid-state battery 1 further includes a first end cap (not shown). The first end cap is mounted on the end of the cell 11.

[0053] The first end cap can also be made of PPA or flame-retardant PC, etc. Of course, the cap body 1111b can also be made of other materials, which are not limited here.

[0054] In addition to protecting the battery cell 11, the first end cap can also integrate functional units such as an electrical connection unit and a low-voltage acquisition unit. For example, the electrical connection unit may include a busbar for connecting multiple battery cell units 111 in series or parallel; the low-voltage acquisition unit may include a acquisition harness and its connectors, which can be used to connect the battery cell 11 to the BMS (Battery Management System) and output the acquired parameters such as voltage and temperature of the battery cell 11 to the BMS.

[0055] The first end cap and the outer casing 10 can also be detachably connected by means of snap-fit ​​or bolt connection.

[0056] In some possible implementations, the solid-state battery 1 further includes a second end cap (not shown in the figure). The second end cap is mounted on the side of the first end cap opposite to the cell 11.

[0057] The second end cap is made of insulating material.

[0058] After installing the first end cap at the end of the battery cell 11, a second end cap is installed on the side of the first end cap facing away from the battery cell 11. It is understandable that, since the first end cap integrates functional units such as electrical connection units and low-voltage acquisition units, it has exposed conductive metal parts that pose a potential hazard. Therefore, by installing the second end cap on the side of the first end cap facing away from the battery cell 11, the second end cap can completely cover the conductive metal parts of the first end cap, eliminating potential hazards such as electric shock. Simultaneously, the second end cap also provides a dustproof effect for the first end cap.

[0059] This disclosure also provides a power system including the solid-state battery 1 as described above.

[0060] This disclosure also provides a vehicle including the power system described above.

[0061] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this disclosure. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms “comprising” and / or “including” are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0062] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of this disclosure. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following drawings denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it need not be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0063] In the description of this disclosure, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by directional terms such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" is generally based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings and is only for the convenience of describing this disclosure and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional terms do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this disclosure; the directional terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0064] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above," "on top of," "on the upper surface of," "above," etc., are used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature as shown in the figures to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation beyond the orientation of the device as described in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures were inverted, a device described as "above" or "on top of" other devices or structures would subsequently be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0065] Furthermore, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is merely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0066] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this disclosure and is not intended to limit this disclosure. Various modifications and variations can be made to this disclosure by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this disclosure should be included within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

Claims

1. A solid-state battery (1), characterized in that, The solid-state battery (1) includes a casing, a cell (11), a first buffer (12) and a second buffer (13). The battery cell (11), the first buffer (12) and the second buffer (13) are all disposed inside the outer casing, and the first buffer (12) and the second buffer (13) are arranged on both sides of the battery cell (11). The second buffer (13) is located between the first buffer (12) and the battery cell (11) on the same side, and is in contact with the first buffer (12) and the battery cell (11).

2. The solid-state battery (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first buffer (12) is an expansion beam.

3. The solid-state battery (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first buffer (12) includes a beam (121) and a support (122); The beam includes a first side plate (1211) and a second side plate (1212) spaced apart, with the second side plate (1212) abutting against the second buffer member (13). The support (122) is connected between the first side plate (1211) and the second side plate (1212).

4. The solid-state battery (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that, The support part (122) is configured as a plate structure, and the support part (122) is inclined relative to the second side plate (1212).

5. The solid-state battery (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that, The number of the support parts (122) is two.

6. The solid-state battery (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that, The distance between the two support parts (122) and the second side plate (1212) is less than the distance between the two support parts (122) and the first side plate (1211).

7. The solid-state battery (1) according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The solid-state battery (1) also includes a first end cap; The first end cap is installed at the end of the battery cell (11).

8. The solid-state battery (1) according to claim 7, characterized in that, The solid-state battery (1) also includes a second end cap; The second end cap is installed on the side of the first end cap away from the battery cell (11).

9. A power system, characterized in that, Including the solid-state battery (1) as described in any one of claims 1-8.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that, Includes the power system as described in claim 9.

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