Electronic device

Abstract

The application discloses an electronic device, and relates to the field of antenna devices, and comprises the following: a device body, the outer surface of the device body is provided with a first metal piece and a second metal piece; a target antenna arranged in the device body and provided with a feeding point; under the condition that the feeding point is fed, the target antenna is coupled with the first metal piece, and a current is formed by exciting the second metal piece through the first metal piece.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of antenna device technology, and more particularly to an electronic device having an antenna device. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous advancement of science and technology, more and more electronic devices with wireless communication functions are being widely used in people's daily lives and work, bringing great convenience to people's daily lives and work, and becoming an indispensable tool for people today.

[0003] The antenna is the main component that enables wireless communication in electronic devices. For antennas in portable electronic devices, due to the dual constraints of the metal casing and miniaturization design of electronic devices, the antenna is easily shielded and interfered with by the metal structure of the electronic device, resulting in a decrease in antenna radiation efficiency, frequency shift, and affecting the antenna's communication performance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above problems, this application provides an electronic device, the specific solution of which is as follows:

[0005] An electronic device, comprising:

[0006] The equipment body has a first metal part and a second metal part on its outer surface.

[0007] The target antenna, housed within the device body, is equipped with a feed point.

[0008] When the feed point is powered, the target antenna is coupled to the first metal component, and the second metal component is excited by the first metal component to form a current.

[0009] Optionally, in the above-mentioned electronic device, the radiator of the target antenna includes a first conductor segment and a second conductor segment;

[0010] In the case of power supply at the power supply point, the first conductor segment is coupled to the first metal component to excite the first metal component to form a first current; the second conductor segment is coupled to the first metal component and forms a second current through the current loop of the first metal component to excite the second metal component; the first current and the second current have different directions.

[0011] Optionally, the above-mentioned electronic device further includes:

[0012] A modulation component is placed inside the device body. The modulation component is used to modulate the first current and the second current, so that the target antenna achieves the set radiation performance based on the first metal part and the second metal part.

[0013] Optionally, in the above-mentioned electronic device, the modulation component is used to modulate the amplitude and / or phase of the first polarization component formed by the first current and the second polarization component formed by the second current, such that the amplitude and phase of the first polarization component and the second polarization component satisfy the circular polarization radiation condition.

[0014] Optionally, in the above-mentioned electronic device, the first polarization component is the linear polarization component of circular polarization radiation along the first direction, and the second polarization component is the linear polarization component of circular polarization along the second direction; the first direction and the second direction satisfy the perpendicularity condition, and the plane where the two intersect satisfies the parallel condition with the plane where the device body is located.

[0015] The first conductor segment extends along a first direction, the second conductor segment extends along a second direction, and the first conductor segment is connected to the second conductor segment.

[0016] Optionally, in the above-mentioned electronic device, in a third direction, the first metal member at least blocks a portion of the width of the first conductor segment, and there is a first gap between the first conductor segment and the first metal member; the third direction is perpendicular to the plane where the device body is located.

[0017] In the third direction, the first metal piece at most obscures a portion of the width of the second conductor segment.

[0018] Optionally, in the above-mentioned electronic device, an antenna ground is provided within the device body; the antenna ground has an adjacent first side and a second side;

[0019] The second metal component includes a first metal segment and a second metal segment; the first metal segment is opposite to the first side in a second direction and is connected based on a first grounding point; the second metal segment is opposite to the second side in a first direction and is connected based on a second grounding point; the second metal component forms a current loop for a second current with the antenna ground based on the first grounding point and the second grounding point.

[0020] The first metal segment has a slot located between the first grounding point and the metal segment.

[0021] Optionally, in the above-mentioned electronic device, the modulation component includes: a first adjustment element for adjusting the antenna radiation efficiency and / or a second adjustment element for adjusting the antenna axial ratio;

[0022] The first adjusting element is connected to the first metal part;

[0023] The second adjusting element is connected to the second metal part.

[0024] Optionally, in the above-mentioned electronic device, the first adjustment element is an inductor, and the connection point between the inductor and the first metal part is matched with the midpoint of the side edge of the first metal part away from the second metal part.

[0025] Optionally, in the above-described electronic device, an antenna ground is provided within the device body; the antenna ground has adjacent first and second sides; the second metal member includes a first metal segment and a second metal segment; the first metal segment is opposite to the first side in a second direction and connected based on a first grounding point; the second metal segment is opposite to the second side in a first direction and connected based on a second grounding point; the second metal member forms a current loop for a second current with the antenna ground based on the first and second grounding points; the first metal segment has a slot located between the first grounding point and the metal segment;

[0026] The second adjustment element is a capacitor element, which is connected to the first metal segment. The connection point is located at the end of the first metal segment facing the second metal segment, and the distance between the connection point and the slit is one-quarter of the communication wavelength.

[0027] Optionally, in the above-mentioned electronic device, the sum of the lengths of the first conductor segment and the second conductor segment is not less than one-quarter of the communication wavelength and not greater than the communication wavelength;

[0028] The length of the first conductor segment is not less than the length of the second conductor segment;

[0029] The first metal part is a right-angled rectangle or a rounded rectangle with four equal sides, and the side length of the first metal part is not less than one-quarter of the communication wavelength.

[0030] Optionally, in the above-mentioned electronic device, a photosensitive component is provided inside the device body;

[0031] The main body of the device includes a rear shell and a metal frame;

[0032] The rear shell has a partial shell of the first metal part; the first metal part covers the photosensitive component and has a light-receiving opening opposite the photosensitive component;

[0033] The partial metal frame within the metal frame is the second metal component.

[0034] Optionally, in the above-mentioned electronic device, the device body has an antenna ground, and the photosensitive component is mounted on the side surface of the antenna ground facing the first metal part;

[0035] The distance between the first metal component and the photosensitive component meets the requirements for clearance and radiation efficiency.

[0036] The distance between the first metal component and the antenna ground meets the requirements for clearance and radiation efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0037] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or related technologies, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0038] The structures, proportions, sizes, etc., shown in the accompanying drawings are only for the purpose of assisting those skilled in the art in understanding and reading the content disclosed in the specification, and are not intended to limit the implementation conditions of this application. Therefore, they have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in the proportions, or adjustments to the size, without affecting the effects and purposes that this application can produce, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in this application.

[0039] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0040] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the device structure layout in an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0041] Figure 3 A top view of a target antenna in the XY plane provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0042] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A top view showing the relative positional arrangement of the target antenna and the first metal component in the XY plane;

[0043] Figure 5 for Figure 4 The cross-sectional view of the structure shown along the A-A' direction;

[0044] Figure 6 for Figure 4 The cross-sectional view of the structure shown along the B-B' direction;

[0045] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of another electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0046] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of another electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0047] Figure 9 This is a mode saliency curve of the antenna in the electronic device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0048] Figure 10 A characteristic angle curve of an antenna in an electronic device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0049] Figure 11 A current simulation diagram of the electronic device corresponding to the first resonant mode provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0050] Figure 12 A current simulation diagram of the electronic device corresponding to the second resonant mode provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0051] Figure 13 A current simulation diagram of the electronic device corresponding to the hybrid mode provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0052] Figure 14 The graph shows the radiation efficiency of the antenna as a function of frequency for different inductance values.

[0053] Figure 15 The graph shows the actual gain of the antenna as a function of the azimuth angle under different capacitance values.

[0054] Figure 16 This is an equivalent circuit diagram for impedance matching of the antenna in the embodiments of this application;

[0055] Figure 17 The graph shows the reflection coefficient and radiation efficiency of the antenna after impedance matching as a function of frequency.

[0056] Figure 18 This is a graph showing the antenna axial ratio as a function of frequency.

[0057] Figure 19 This is the antenna radiation pattern in the XZ plane;

[0058] Figure 20 This shows the antenna's radiation pattern in the YZ plane.

[0059] Figure 21 This is the radiation pattern of the antenna in the XY plane.

[0060] The annotations in the attached figures are explained as follows:

[0061] 100 Equipment body; 101 First metal part; 102 Second metal part; 103 Target antenna; 104 Feed point; 105 First conductor segment; 106 Second conductor segment; 107 Modulation assembly; 108 Antenna ground; 109 First side; 110 Second side; 111 First metal segment; 112 Second metal segment; 113 First grounding point; 114 Second grounding point; 115 Slit; 116 First adjustment element; 117 Second adjustment element; 118 Rear shell; 119 Middle frame; 120 Photosensitive assembly; 121 Light-collecting port; 122 Third grounding point; X first direction; Y second direction; Z third direction. Detailed Implementation

[0062] The embodiments of this application will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art will recognize that, with technological advancements and the emergence of new scenarios, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application are equally applicable to similar technical problems.

[0063] As described in the background section, antennas in conventional electronic devices are limited by the shielding and interference of the device's own metal structure, resulting in decreased antenna radiation efficiency, frequency shift, and reduced communication performance.

[0064] To address these issues, conventional designs typically use a single metal structural component within the electronic device as the antenna radiator. This could involve reusing only a portion of the metal casing (such as the metal decorative element on the light-incident side of a rear camera module) or a section of the metal frame. However, this approach is limited by the size of the single metal structural component used as the antenna radiator and its location within the electronic device, thus offering limited improvement to antenna communication performance.

[0065] In view of this, embodiments of this application provide an electronic device, including:

[0066] The equipment body has a first metal part and a second metal part on its outer surface.

[0067] The target antenna, housed within the device body, is equipped with a feed point.

[0068] When the feed point is powered, the target antenna is coupled to the first metal component, and the second metal component is excited by the first metal component to form a current.

[0069] The electronic device provided in this application embodiment, when fed by a feed point, allows the target antenna to couple with a first metal component, thereby exciting a second metal component to form a current. Therefore, the target antenna can use the coupled first metal component as a relay coupling structure to excite the second metal component, thus constructing a three-level radiation link through the target antenna, the first metal component, and the second metal component. Compared to conventional designs using a single metal component as the antenna radiator, the first and second metal components can collaboratively radiate antenna signals, significantly improving antenna radiation efficiency and bandwidth.

[0070] The distance between the first metal component and the target antenna must satisfy the coupling condition so that the target antenna can excite the first metal component based on the electric field coupling relationship. This distance can range from 0.5m to 3mm.

[0071] In addition, compared with the conventional approach of using a single metal structural component in electronic devices as an antenna radiator, the technical solution of this application is based on the coordinated radiation of antenna signals by the first metal component and the second metal component. This not only directly avoids the shielding and interference of the first metal component and the second metal component on the antenna, but also better reduces the shielding and interference of other metal structural components in electronic devices on the antenna based on the first metal component and the second metal component located on the outer surface of the device body, which can effectively improve antenna performance.

[0072] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The embodiments described in this application are merely some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application. The terminology used in the embodiments of this application is only used to explain the specific embodiments of this application and is not intended to limit this application.

[0073] refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. The electronic device includes:

[0074] The device body 100 has a first metal part 101 and a second metal part 102 on its outer surface.

[0075] The target antenna 103, located inside the device body 100, is provided with a feed point 104 for loading a signal source.

[0076] When fed by the feed point 104, the target antenna 103 is coupled to the first metal part 101, and the second metal part 102 is excited by the first metal part 101 to form a current.

[0077] The electronic device provided in this application embodiment allows the target antenna 103 to use the coupled first metal component 101 as a relay coupling structure to excite the second metal component 102. This constructs a three-level radiation link through the target antenna 103, the first metal component 101, and the second metal component 102, enabling the first metal component 101 and the second metal component 102 to radiate antenna signals in a coordinated manner. This significantly improves the antenna radiation efficiency and bandwidth, and also directly avoids the shielding and interference of the first metal component 101 and the second metal component 102 on the antenna. Furthermore, based on the first metal component 101 and the second metal component 102 located on the outer surface of the device body 100, the shielding and interference of other metal structural components in the electronic device on the antenna can be better reduced, effectively improving antenna performance.

[0078] Based on the above description, the first metal component 101 can not only improve the antenna radiation performance by coupling with the target antenna 103, but it can also act as a relay structure to excite the second metal component 102 to generate current, so that the second metal component 102 also participates in antenna radiation. This allows the first metal component 101 and the second metal component 102 to work together to achieve antenna radiation. Compared to using a single metal structural component as the antenna radiator, this approach not only transforms the first metal component 101 and the second metal component 102, which were originally sources of antenna interference, into two antenna radiators that work together to radiate antenna signals, but also improves the space utilization and structural compatibility of the device. It eliminates the need for a large clearance area for the antenna design and lays the structural foundation for achieving higher radiation performance by subsequently controlling the current distribution in the two metal components.

[0079] like Figure 1 As shown, a photosensitive component 120 is disposed within the device body 100; the device body 100 includes a rear shell 118 and a metal frame 119; a portion of the rear shell 118 is a first metal component 101; the first metal component 101 covers the photosensitive component 120 and has a light-receiving port 121 opposite to the photosensitive component 120; a portion of the metal frame 119 is a second metal component 102. The first metal component 101 can be a metal decorative component of the rear camera module. This method utilizes the metal decorative component and the portion of the metal frame in the rear shell as the first metal component 101 and the second metal component 102 respectively, to radiate antenna signals in a coordinated manner. This not only saves internal antenna layout space but also cleverly transforms the device's inherent metal structural components into components of a high-performance antenna, achieving a unity of device function and aesthetic appearance without significant modifications to the existing device structure. It is compatible with both photosensitive function and communication performance, improving antenna radiation performance without affecting photosensitive performance.

[0080] For mobile terminals such as mobile phones and tablets, a rear-mounted photosensitive component 120, such as a rear-mounted camera module, is typically provided. In some embodiments of this application, the metal decorative part of the camera module can be reused as the first metal part 101. This not only avoids the metal decorative part from shielding or interfering with the antenna radiation performance, but also allows the metal decorative part to act as an antenna radiator, thereby enhancing the radiation performance. Similarly, reusing a partial metal frame as the second metal part 102 not only avoids the metal frame from shielding or interfering with the antenna radiation performance, but also allows the partial metal frame to act as an antenna radiator, thereby enhancing the radiation performance.

[0081] refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the device structure layout in an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. Based on other embodiments, Figure 2In the illustrated electronic device, the device body 100 includes an antenna ground 108, and a photosensitive component 120 is mounted on the surface of the antenna ground 108 facing the first metal component 101. The distance H2 between the first metal component 101 and the photosensitive component 120 satisfies the clearance and radiation efficiency requirements. Based on this distance H2, an electrical connection between the first metal component 101 and the photosensitive component 120 can be avoided. The distance H1 between the first metal component 101 and the antenna ground 108 satisfies the clearance and radiation efficiency requirements. Based on this distance H1, while avoiding an electrical connection between the first metal component 101 and the photosensitive component 120, sufficient space can be provided between the first metal component 101 and the antenna ground 108 for device component installation. In the third direction Z, the smaller the distances H1 and H2, the worse the antenna radiation efficiency. Setting H2 ≥ 3mm and H1 ≥ 5mm not only satisfies the antenna clearance requirement but also allows the antenna to have a larger radiation efficiency. The third direction Z is perpendicular to the plane containing the device body 100.

[0082] The electronic device includes a circuit board (such as a PCB), which includes an antenna ground 108. A photosensitive component 120 (such as a rear camera module) is mounted on the PCB, located directly below a first metal part 101 (such as a metal decorative part). Setting H2 ≥ 3mm ensures that the first metal part 101 can function as a radiator for the target antenna 103 without coupling with the complex metal structure of the photosensitive component 120 due to a small H2, thus preventing interference with antenna performance. Simultaneously, setting H1 ≥ 5mm provides a sufficiently large gap between the first metal part 101 and the antenna ground 108 to enhance radiation efficiency, and also provides sufficient installation space between the antenna ground 108 and the first metal part 101 for easy component installation. The upper limits of H2 and H1 can be designed to adapt to the overall thickness of the electronic device. With a fixed overall thickness, the values ​​of H1 and H2 can be maximized to achieve the greatest possible improvement in electrical insulation and radiation efficiency.

[0083] As can be seen, in this embodiment of the application, based on the set H2 and H1, the antenna radiation efficiency can be guaranteed, sufficient clearance height can be provided to avoid metal shielding and energy loss, and electromagnetic interference between the antenna and the photosensitive component 120 can also be avoided, thereby avoiding the impact of electromagnetic interference on the photosensitive effect and antenna performance, and a balance between performance and space can be achieved in the compact space of the device.

[0084] It should be noted that, in the embodiments of this application, the first metal part 101 is not limited to a metal decorative part, and the second metal part 102 is not limited to a partial metal frame. For example, in a foldable electronic device with a metal hinge assembly, the electronic device has a first body and a second body rotatably connected based on the metal hinge assembly. The first metal part 101 can be either the metal hinge assembly or the metal decorative part, and the second metal part 102 can be a partial metal frame of either the first body or the second body.

[0085] In some implementations, such as Figure 1 As shown, the radiator of the target antenna 103 includes a first conductor segment 105 and a second conductor segment 106. When fed by the feed point 104, the first conductor segment 105 is coupled to the first metal element 101 to excite the first metal element 101 to form a first current. The second conductor segment 106 is coupled to the first metal element 101 and, through the first metal element 101, excites the second metal element 102 to form a second current. The directions of the first and second currents are different. The device body 100 has an antenna ground 108. The first metal element 101 can be connected to the antenna ground 108 based on a predetermined grounding point to form a current loop for transmitting the first current, and the second metal element 102 can be connected to the antenna ground 108 based on a predetermined grounding point to form a current loop for transmitting the second current. In this approach, the target antenna 103 has two conductor segments, which respectively enable the first metal element 101 to generate a first current and the second metal element 102 to generate a second current, forming two currents in different directions. This achieves independent excitation through dual current paths, avoiding the polarization uniformity of a single current path. By modulating the two currents, the antenna performance can be modulated more flexibly. In particular, compared to the single polarization generated by a single radiator, this dual-conductor-segment cooperative excitation method provides the necessary structural foundation and controllability for constructing complex radiation modes (such as the biorthogonal modes required for circular polarization) within a limited space, making it a key design for achieving high-performance circularly polarized antenna design.

[0086] refer to Figures 3-6 , Figure 3 This is a top view of a target antenna in the XY plane provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 4 for Figure 3 The diagram shows a top view of the relative positions of the target antenna and the first metal component in the XY plane. Figure 5 for Figure 4 The structure shown is a cross-sectional view along the A-A' direction. Figure 6 for Figure 4 The structure shown is a cross-sectional view along the B-B' direction.

[0087] like Figure 3As shown, in the target antenna 103, the first conductor segment 105 has a length of d1 along the first direction X and a width of w1 along the second direction Y. The second conductor segment 106 has a length of d2 along the second direction Y and a width of w2 along the first direction X.

[0088] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 In the third direction Z, the first metal member 101 at least blocks a portion of the width w1 of the first conductor segment 105, and a first gap P1 exists between the first conductor segment 105 and the first metal member 101. The first conductor segment 105 and one side of the first metal member 101 satisfy the parallel condition, on which the first metal member 101 at least blocks a portion of the width w1 of the first conductor segment 105, so that the first conductor segment 105 can form a good coupling effect with the first metal member 101.

[0089] In one embodiment of this application, it can be as follows: Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, the first metal element 101 blocks at least half of w1 to create a sufficiently strong coupling effect between the first metal element 101 and the first conductor segment 105, thereby effectively exciting the formation of the first current. To achieve the maximum coupling effect, the first metal element 101 can be set to completely block the width w1 of the first conductor segment 105. In this case, Figure 4 Based on the structure shown, the upper side of the first conductor segment 105 needs to be located between the upper and lower sides of the first metal part 101, or coincide with the upper side of the first metal part 101.

[0090] The upper and lower sides of the first metal member 101 are parallel to the first direction X, and the upper side is adjacent to the second metal member 102 with a gap. The first conductor segment 105 is parallel to the first direction X, and is adjacent to the second metal member 102 with a gap.

[0091] like Figure 4 and Figure 6 In the third direction Z, the first metal member 101 at most blocks a portion of the width w2 of the second conductor segment 106. The feed point 104 is located at the end of the first conductor segment 105 away from the second conductor segment 106. The end of the second conductor segment 106 away from the first conductor segment 105 is a critical location affecting the antenna radiation efficiency. The first metal member 101 at most blocks a portion of the width w2 of the second conductor segment 106, but can expose at least part of that end so that the antenna has sufficient radiation efficiency.

[0092] When the first metal member 101 blocks a portion of the width w2 of the second conductor segment 106, the first metal member 101 blocks at most half of the width w2 of the second conductor segment 106. Figure 4Based on the structure shown, the bisector of the width of the second conductor segment 106 needs to be exposed on the right side of the first metal component 101 or flush with the right side of the first metal component 101. The right side of the first metal component 101 is parallel to the second direction Y.

[0093] In one embodiment of this application, such as Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, the right side of the first metal member 101 and the second conductor segment 106 can be set to satisfy the parallel condition, and the distance between them in the first direction is 0. This allows the first metal member 101 to be fully exposed to the second conductor segment 106, and the right side of the first metal member 101 to be aligned with the left side of the second conductor segment 106. While fully exposing the second conductor segment 106 improves the antenna radiation efficiency, it also minimizes the distance between the first metal member 101 and the second conductor segment 106 in the first direction X, so as to facilitate the coupling between the second conductor segment 106 and the first metal member 101.

[0094] In this embodiment, the differentiated shielding design of the first metal component 101 on the two conductor segments of the target antenna 103 is based on the optimization results obtained from eigenmode analysis (CMA). It allows for the formation of currents in different directions by the first metal component 101 and the second metal component 102, resulting in different polarization components. This approach balances the coupling effect between the target antenna 103 and the first metal component 101 with the antenna radiation efficiency. This differentiated shielding design enables a compact device structure, with the target antenna 103 occupying no additional space. It fully utilizes the space along the device's thickness direction to arrange the target antenna 103, ensuring stable and controllable antenna performance. By controlling the shielding ratio of different conductor segments, the coupling strength and radiation efficiency can be precisely controlled, improving antenna performance consistency.

[0095] refer to Figure 7 , Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of another electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. Based on other embodiments, Figure 7 The illustrated electronic device further includes a modulation component 107 disposed within the device body 100. The modulation component 107 modulates the first current and the second current, enabling the target antenna 103 to achieve a set radiation performance based on the first metal component 101 and the second metal component 102. The electronic device can use the modulation component 107 to change the impedance characteristics of the connected current loop, thereby actively intervening in and adjusting the first current and / or the second current. This allows for fine adjustment of the amplitude and phase relationship of the induced current on the first metal component 101 and the second metal component 102, resulting in a three-level radiation link constructed by the target antenna 103, the first metal component 101, and the second metal component 102 exhibiting a preset radiation performance, such as specific radiation efficiency, resonant frequency, bandwidth, gain, or axial ratio.

[0096] The modulation component 107 is integrated inside the device body 100 and is connected to the first metal component 101 and the second metal component 102. It can actively adjust parameters such as the amplitude, phase, and resonant frequency of the first and second currents. According to preset radiation performance requirements, such as radiation efficiency, resonant frequency, bandwidth, gain, or axial ratio, the modulation component 107 can adjust the electrical characteristics of the first and second currents in real time, so that the coordinated radiation state of the first metal component 101 and the second metal component 102 matches the radiation performance requirements, thus meeting the performance requirements of different communication scenarios.

[0097] exist Figure 7 In the illustrated configuration, modulation component 107 imparts moduliability to the three-stage radiating link. In compact metallic environments, antenna performance is highly susceptible to drift due to environmental factors such as hand grip and proximity to other components. Modulation component 107 allows designers or system algorithms to adjust the states of the first and second currents in real-time or statically based on actual operating conditions. For example, the resonant frequency can be changed by adjusting the capacitance value, or the impedance matching state can be altered by adjusting the inductance value. This transforms the antenna from a passive device with fixed parameters into an adaptive system that can be optimized as needed, significantly improving the communication robustness and reliability of the device in complex usage scenarios.

[0098] As can be seen, in this embodiment, the modulation component 107 can flexibly adapt to the radiation requirements of different frequency bands and different polarizations, improving the versatility of the antenna; it can also optimize the synergistic radiation effect of the first metal component 101 and the second metal component 102, accurately control the two current parameters, match the radiation state of the first metal component 101 and the second metal component 102, and avoid performance degradation caused by current imbalance; it meets customized requirements, and the radiation performance can be adjusted and set according to equipment specifications and communication standards to adapt to diverse application scenarios.

[0099] The GPS L5 band (1.176 GHz) offers higher positioning accuracy and anti-interference capabilities compared to the traditional L1 band, making it valuable for high-precision positioning applications. Designing high-performance circularly polarized (CP) antennas in the compact, metallic environment of smartphones presents significant challenges: traditional linearly polarized antennas are prone to polarization mismatch, while current conventional CP antenna solutions (such as sequentially rotating feed arrays and metasurface loading) require large clearance areas in some designs, struggle to excite stable orthogonal modes within metal frame environments, and increase device structural complexity in others. How to achieve amplitude and phase matching of orthogonal modes, thereby obtaining right-hand circularly polarized (RHCP) radiation, within smartphones containing metal decorative elements (serving as a cover for the rear camera module) and metal frames, using a simple modulation component 107, remains a pressing technical challenge in this field.

[0100] In conventional designs, electronic devices are typically powered directly from the metal frame. The following describes two conventional designs where the power is directly fed into the metal frame.

[0101] The first approach involves directly feeding power to the metal frame and grounding it at a designated location on the metal decorative element of the camera module to reduce shielding and interference from the metal decorative element on the antenna. While this solution can address the shielding and interference issues caused by the metal decorative element and improve antenna radiation performance to some extent, its core principle is to reuse the metal decorative element as an antenna radiator to reduce the space occupied by the additional antenna. The metal decorative element is typically directly grounded or connected via a resistor, with the current forming a loop to radiate the signal through the light-passing holes in the metal decorative element. Its limitation lies in the fact that the metal decorative element is used only as a standalone antenna radiator and cannot excite other metal elements (such as the metal frame) to form a cooperative radiation structure as described in this application. It also imposes specific requirements on the graphic structure and length of the metal decorative element. Furthermore, using only a single metal decorative element as an independent antenna radiator lacks the fundamental condition for two different currents to form perpendicular orthogonal linear polarization components, making circular polarization radiation impossible.

[0102] The second approach involves directly feeding the metal frame and using the metal decorative element as a parasitic component to achieve tuning. This approach has high requirements for the number and location of short-circuit points, limits the antenna layout, and primarily focuses on optimizing the performance of linearly polarized SAR. It also cannot achieve circularly polarized radiation or coordinated radiation between the metal decorative element and other metal components.

[0103] In this embodiment, a three-level radiation link is constructed based on the target antenna 103, the first metal component 101, and the second metal component 102. This not only enables the coordinated radiation of the first metal component 101 and the second metal component 102, but also provides different first polarization components and second polarization components based on different first currents and second currents in the first metal component 101 and the second metal component 102. Through the modulation of the modulation component 107, the first polarization components and the second polarization components satisfy the circular polarization radiation condition.

[0104] To enable circularly polarized radiation in the three-stage radiation link, the modulation component 107 modulates the amplitude and / or phase of the first polarization component formed by the first current and the second polarization component formed by the second current, such that the amplitude and phase of the first and second polarization components satisfy the circularly polarized radiation condition. Specifically, the amplitudes of the first and second polarization components are the same or approximately the same, and their phase difference is equal to or approximately equal to 90°, thus satisfying the circularly polarized radiation condition.

[0105] The first current generates the first polarization component, and the second current generates the second polarization component; both polarization components are linearly polarized. The modulation component 107 adjusts electrical parameters to control the amplitude ratio and phase difference of the two polarization components, ensuring equal amplitude and a stable 90° phase difference, thus satisfying the conditions for circular polarization radiation and forming a stable circularly polarized wave. This enhances the antenna's adaptability in scenarios such as satellite positioning and anti-interference communication. Therefore, the technical solution of this application can achieve precise circular polarization synthesis. Through coordinated amplitude and phase control, it ensures that the two polarization components meet the circular polarization conditions, improving polarization purity. It can optimize positioning and communication performance; circular polarization radiation can effectively reduce polarization mismatch loss and improve signal reception capabilities in high-precision positioning frequency bands such as GPS L5. The device also has stronger anti-interference capabilities; the circular polarization characteristics can resist multipath reflection and environmental interference, ensuring stable signal transmission.

[0106] This application solves the problem of achieving high-performance circularly polarized antennas in metallic mobile phone environments. Traditional circularly polarized antennas often require large physical dimensions or complex feeding networks (such as sequential rotating arrays). However, the embodiments of this application can utilize two inherent metal components of the device as the main antenna radiating elements. By simply fine-tuning the amplitude and phase of the two orthogonal current components through the modulation component 107, pure circularly polarized radiation can be achieved in high-frequency bands such as GPS L5. This significantly reduces the structural complexity of the device, avoids the drawback of requiring a large clearance area in traditional solutions, and effectively suppresses polarization mismatch caused by the metallic environment, greatly improving the reception quality and anti-interference capability of satellite signals.

[0107] Wherein, the first polarization component is the linear polarization component of the circularly polarized radiation along the first direction X, and the second polarization component is the linear polarization component of the circularly polarized radiation along the second direction Y; the first direction X and the second direction Y satisfy the perpendicularity condition, and the plane where the two intersect satisfies the parallelism condition with the plane where the device body 100 is located; if the two directions are perpendicular or approximately perpendicular, then the perpendicularity condition is satisfied. Figure 1 and Figure 7 As shown, the plane where the first direction X and the second direction Y intersect is parallel to the plane where the device body 100 is located.

[0108] The first conductor segment 105 extends along the first direction X, and the second conductor segment 106 extends along the second direction Y. The first conductor segment 105 and the second conductor segment 106 are connected. Therefore, the extension directions of the two conductor segments satisfy the perpendicular condition, which provides the basic conditions for forming two different current directions in the first metal part 101 and the second metal part 102. In this way, two different linear polarization components can be provided based on the two different current directions.

[0109] The first direction X and the second direction Y are mutually perpendicular planar directions, and the two polarization components propagate in a plane parallel to the device body 100. The first conductor segment 105 extends along the first direction X and can be used to excite the polarization component in the first direction X; the second conductor segment 106 extends along the second direction Y and can be used to excite the polarization component in the second direction Y. The two conductor segments are directly connected, resulting in a compact structure and high coupling efficiency. Based on this configuration, the antenna's polarization direction matches the device form, the vertical polarization components are synthesized in the device plane, and the radiation direction is highly adapted to the usage scenario, providing a structural basis for the orthogonality of the two linear polarization components. The geometric correspondence between the two vertically orthogonal polarization components and the extension directions of the two conductor segments of the target antenna 103 simplifies the design process and improves stability.

[0110] Therefore, based on the technical solution of this application embodiment, the extension directions of the two conductor segments of the target antenna 103 can be mapped to the desired polarization direction, allowing designers to intuitively control the polarization basis vector of the radiation field by adjusting the routing pattern of the target antenna 103. Simultaneously, limiting the polarization plane to be parallel to the plane containing the device body helps optimize the main radiation direction of the antenna in specific application scenarios (such as satellite communication, where the satellite is typically located above the device), ensuring that the maximum radiation direction points as high as possible towards the sky, reducing the reception of ground clutter, and thereby further improving the signal-to-noise ratio and positioning accuracy.

[0111] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the structure of the target antenna 103 is not limited to... Figure 1 and Figure 7 The L-shaped structure shown can also be a T-shaped or cross-shaped structure.

[0112] refer to Figure 8 , Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of another electronic device provided in this application embodiment. Based on other embodiments, Figure 8 In the illustrated electronic device, an antenna ground 108 is provided within the device body 100; the antenna ground 108 has an adjacent first side 109 and a second side 110; the second metal member 102 includes a first metal segment 111 and a second metal segment 112; the first metal segment 111 is opposite to the first side 109 in the second direction Y and is connected based on a first grounding point 113; the second metal segment 112 is opposite to the second side 110 in the first direction X and is connected based on a second grounding point 114; the second metal member 102 forms a current loop for a second current with the antenna ground 108 based on the first grounding point 113 and the second grounding point 114; wherein, the first metal segment 111 has a slot 115 located between the first grounding point 113 and the metal segment.

[0113] The antenna ground 108 can be a copper-clad layer on the circuit board. The first metal component 101 is connected to the antenna ground 108 based on the third ground point 122. Within the device body 100, the third ground point 122 can be connected to the antenna ground 108 through a structure such as a spring clip. The first metal component 101 can be connected to the antenna ground through two third ground points 122. The first metal component 101 can be a square or a rounded square. A third ground point 122 is respectively provided at the midpoint of the side of the first metal component 101 facing the first metal segment 111 and at the midpoint of the side facing away from the second metal segment 112. Based on the two third ground points 122, a current loop for the first current in the first metal component 101 can be defined, and the orderly distribution of the current on the surface of the first metal component 101 can be constrained to form a first resonant mode (defined as M3 mode) that provides the first polarization component.

[0114] Optionally, the antenna ground 108 can also be a common ground of the entire device (the entire device ground), a structural ground formed by a metal frame, a shielding ground formed by a shielding cover, a metal support ground, or a multi-layer ground structure composed of multiple copper layers of the circuit board; or, the antenna ground 108 can be an equivalent ground structure formed by conductive connection (e.g., by connectors, conductive adhesive, welding, or screws) of any two or more of the above ground structures. With the above configuration, a ground reference and return path can be provided for the current loop formed between the first metal part / second metal part and the antenna ground without limiting the specific shape of the antenna ground 108.

[0115] For the third grounding point 122 located at the midpoint of the side of the first metal component 101 facing the first metal segment 111, in the first direction X, the third grounding point 122 is located between the first grounding point 113 and the slot 115. The distance between the third grounding point 122 and the first grounding point 113 in the first direction X is different from the distance in the second direction Y. Preferably, the distance between the third grounding point 122 and the first grounding point 113 in the first direction X is set to be greater than the distance between the third grounding point 122 and the first grounding point 113 in the second direction Y, so as to enhance the first current in the first metal component 101. Specifically, the distance between the third grounding point 122 and the first grounding point 113 in the first direction X is not less than 10 mm, and the distance between the third grounding point 122 and the first grounding point 113 in the second direction Y is not greater than 5 mm.

[0116] exist Figure 8In the illustrated configuration, the first metal segment 111 is connected to the first side 109 of the antenna ground 108 via the first ground point 113, and the second metal segment 112 is connected to the second side 110 of the antenna ground 108 via the second ground point 114. Thus, the second metal segment 102 effectively constitutes an extension of the antenna ground 108, forming fixed boundary conditions through the first ground point 113 and the second ground point 114. Specifically, a slot 115 is designed on the first metal segment 111 to modulate the current distribution and resonant characteristics on the second metal segment 102 to excite the desired resonant mode and improve frequency band adaptability. The slot 115 provides additional design freedom, allowing for changes in the current path length and distribution of the frame, thereby precisely controlling the resonant frequency and input impedance of the second current excited by the second conductor segment. The first grounding point 113 and the second grounding point 114 define the start and end points of the current loop where the second metal part 102 is located, so that the current on the second metal part 102 forms a specified current loop, forming a second resonant mode (defined as M1 mode) that provides the second polarization component, which enhances the radiation efficiency and makes it possible to achieve efficient radiation of the GPS L5 band within a limited frame length.

[0117] In one embodiment of this application, the modulation component 107 includes: a first adjustment element 116 for adjusting antenna radiation efficiency and / or a second adjustment element 117 for adjusting antenna axial ratio; the first adjustment element 116 is connected to a first metal member 101; and the second adjustment element 117 is connected to a second metal member 102. The first adjustment element 116 is mainly used to optimize radiation efficiency, and the second adjustment element 117 is mainly used to optimize axial ratio (AR, an index measuring circular polarization purity). The first adjustment element 116 is directly connected to a set position on the first metal member 101, and affects the loss and radiation capability of the first current on the first metal member 101 by changing the inductive reactance of the current loop containing the first metal member 101. The second adjustment element 117 is connected to a set position on the second metal member 102, and fine-tunes the phase of the second current on the second metal member 102 by changing the capacitive reactance of the current loop containing the second metal member 102, thereby adjusting the phase difference between the two quadrature components and optimizing the axial ratio.

[0118] As described above, in this embodiment of the application, the coupling relationship between the first conductor segment 105 and the second conductor segment 106 in the target antenna 103 that satisfy the vertical condition and the first metal component 101 can form a first current in the first metal component 101, and can also excite the second metal component 102 to form a second current through the first metal component 101. The first current and the second current with different directions can be used to form resonant modes with different polarization components.

[0119] In this design, the first current in the first metal component 101 can form a first resonant mode providing a first polarization component, and the second current in the second metal component 102 can form a second resonant mode providing a second polarization component. Specifically, the adaptation design of the first metal segment 111 and the second metal segment 112 in the second metal component 102 with the two conductor segments in the target antenna 103 allows it to form not only a second resonant mode based on the first metal segment 111, but also a hybrid mode (defined as the M2 mode) based on the second metal segment 112. This hybrid mode simultaneously includes both the first and second polarization components. By adapting the second metal segment 112 with a length d2, this hybrid mode can be applied to the amplitude intersection of the mode saliency of the first and second resonant modes to enhance circular polarization performance and increase bandwidth. Here, d2 is not less than one-eighth of the communication wavelength and not greater than one-quarter of the communication wavelength, thus achieving the effect of enhancing circular polarization performance through the hybrid mode.

[0120] In this embodiment, the sum of the lengths d1+d2 of the first conductor segment 105 and the second conductor segment 106 is not less than one-quarter of the communication wavelength and not greater than the communication wavelength; the length d1 of the first conductor segment 105 is not less than the length d2 of the second conductor segment 106; the first metal part 101 is a right-angled rectangle with equal sides or a rounded rectangle, and the side length of the first metal part 101 is not less than one-quarter of the communication wavelength. Based on these design parameters, it is convenient for design simulation and mass production control, and it is convenient to form circularly polarized radiation through the coordinated radiation of the first metal part 101 and the second metal part 102. The target antenna 103 includes, but is not limited to, an LDS antenna (laser direct shaping antenna).

[0121] The modulation component 107's strategy of independently controlling the capacitive and inductive reactances of the two current loops through two adjustment elements is the core of achieving high-performance circular polarization. Since the first current mainly affects radiation efficiency and the second current mainly affects the axial ratio, arranging the two adjustment elements on the current loops of the corresponding metal parts respectively can achieve near-decoupled control of amplitude and phase, and can achieve independent adjustment of the first and second resonant modes.

[0122] The first adjustment element 116 can be an inductor. The connection point between the inductor and the first metal part 101 matches the midpoint of the edge of the first metal part 101 away from the second metal part 102. That is, the connection point is located at or approximately at the midpoint. This design can improve the radiation efficiency of the antenna. Figure 8As shown, the connection point between the inductor and the first metal component 101 can be located at the midpoint of the lower side of the first metal component 101. According to characteristic mode analysis (CMA), this connection point is the key point for controlling the first resonant mode. Setting the inductor at this midpoint position can maximize the influence on the current distribution and radiation characteristics of this mode. Moving this connection point upward along the second direction Y will lead to performance degradation. Optionally, the inductance value of the inductor is greater than or equal to 0 nH and not less than or equal to 2 nH. Simulation data shows that when the inductance value of the inductor increases, the radiation efficiency amplitude will shift to lower frequencies. Adjusting the inductance value of the inductor can make the radiation efficiency amplitude fall within the desired communication frequency band.

[0123] The first resonant mode mainly depends on the current path between the first metal part 101 and the antenna ground 108. Taking the first adjustment element 116 as an inductor as an example, adding an inductor is equivalent to increasing the inductance of the current path. Therefore, the first adjustment element 116 is mainly used to adjust the resonant characteristics (efficiency) of the first resonant mode, while having little effect on the axial ratio.

[0124] The second adjustment element 117 can be a capacitor connected to the first metal segment 111. The connection point is located at the end of the first metal segment 111 facing the second metal segment 112, and the distance between this connection point and the slit 115 is one-quarter of the communication wavelength, optionally approximately λ / 4, for example, within ±10% of λ / 4, where λ is the communication wavelength. This method of loading the capacitor at this position allows it to affect only the left-hand circular polarization (LHCP), with minimal impact on the right-hand circular polarization (RHCP) of the specific structure of this application. Therefore, it has a significant impact on the axial ratio, and the axial ratio can be effectively adjusted by adjusting the capacitance value of the capacitor. According to characteristic mode analysis (CMA), this connection point is the key point for controlling the second resonant mode. Placing the capacitor at one-quarter of the communication wavelength on the side of the slit 115 facing the second metal segment 112 allows for better adjustment of the axial ratio. Optionally, the capacitance value of the capacitor is greater than 0 pF and not greater than 10 pF. Simulation data shows that when the capacitance value of the capacitor increases, the LHCP will shift to the left near the azimuth angle of 0° (the direction of the device screen normal). Adjusting the capacitance value can make the minimum axial ratio fall within the antenna communication frequency band, thus achieving a high-purity RHCP.

[0125] The second resonant mode mainly depends on the current path between the second metal part 102 and the antenna ground 108. Taking the second adjustment element 117 as a capacitor element as an example, adding a capacitor element is equivalent to increasing the capacitive load of the current path. Therefore, the second adjustment element 117 is mainly used to adjust the phase (axis ratio) of the second resonant mode and the hybrid mode, while having little impact on the radiation efficiency.

[0126] In some alternative embodiments, the first regulating element 116 and / or the second regulating element 117 are not limited to inductors or capacitors with fixed parameters; they can also employ adjustable parameter devices or switchable parameter networks to modulate the first current and / or the second current. Specifically, when the second regulating element 117 is used to adjust the phase and / or axial ratio, it may optionally be a variable capacitor, such as a varactor diode, a MEMS variable capacitor, or a switched capacitor array composed of multiple sets of capacitors and switching devices (such as RF switches); by changing the equivalent capacitance value to change the capacitive reactance of the corresponding current loop, the phase of the second current is adjusted. When the first regulating element 116 is used to adjust the radiation efficiency and / or impedance matching, it may optionally be an adjustable inductor, such as a magnetically controlled adjustable inductor, a MEMS adjustable inductor, or a switched inductor array composed of multiple segments of inductors and switching devices; by changing the equivalent inductance value to change the inductive reactance of the corresponding current loop, the amplitude-related parameters of the first current are adjusted. In the above manner, the modulation component 107 can still adjust the amplitude and / or phase of the current by changing the impedance characteristics of the connected current loop, so as to achieve the set radiation performance.

[0127] In some optional embodiments, the first adjustment element 116 and / or the second adjustment element 117 may also be a distributed parameter structure or an equivalent adjustment structure formed by combining a distributed parameter structure with a lumped parameter device. For example, the first adjustment element 116 may optionally be composed of a transmission line segment, stub, serpentine trace, or loop / spiral conductor pattern disposed on the feed network or metal connection path to form an equivalent inductance or equivalent impedance; the second adjustment element 117 may optionally be composed of an open / short-circuit stub, microstrip / coplanar waveguide structure, gap capacitor structure, or coupling line structure to form an equivalent capacitance or equivalent phase delay. By adopting the above-mentioned distributed parameter structure, the amplitude and / or phase of the first current and / or the second current can be adjusted without changing the basic principle of the modulation component 107 "modulating the current loop impedance", thereby enabling the target antenna to achieve the set radiation performance based on the first and second metal components.

[0128] Optionally, when the first regulating element 116 and / or the second regulating element 117 are adjustable parameter devices or switchable parameter networks, the modulation component 107 can set its parameters according to preset radiation performance requirements to achieve electrical characteristic adjustment of the first current and the second current.

[0129] In the control mechanism of this application embodiment, the two adjustment elements work independently and do not interfere with each other. They can be adjusted individually or in combination to meet the debugging needs of different performance focuses.

[0130] When the target antenna 103 in the electronic device is used for communication in the GPS L5 band, the adjustment effect of the two adjustment elements in the modulation component 107, combined with the length parameter design of the two conductor segments in the target antenna 103, can make the ratio of the mode significance amplitude of the first resonant mode and the second resonant mode equal to or approximately equal to 1 (the amplitudes are the same or approximately the same), and the difference in characteristic angles is 90° or approximately 90° (the phase difference between the two is 90° or approximately 90°), thereby synthesizing right-hand circularly polarized radiation in the XZ plane.

[0131] The electronic device provided in this application innovatively combines the existing first metal component 101 and second metal component 102 to form circularly polarized radiation. Based on the coupled feeding of the target antenna 103, the amplitude and phase of the two orthogonal modes can be controlled by two adjustment elements in the modulation component 107 to achieve precise synthesis of circular polarization. Based on this, this application can deepen CMA from pattern recognition to pattern synthesis, establishing a complete theoretical chain suitable for commercial production: "mode current → polarization component → modulation component control → circular polarization synthesis". When the technical solution of this application is used for GPS L5 band communication, it achieves a wide axial ratio bandwidth and a significant improvement in carrier-to-noise ratio, as verified by actual measurements.

[0132] As described above, when the technical solution of this application is used for GPS L5 band communication, it directly feeds power to the target antenna 103 through the feed point 104. Based on the coupling between the target antenna 103 and the first metal component 101, currents in different directions are excited in the first metal component 101 and the second metal component 102, respectively, to achieve coordinated radiation of the first metal component 101 and the second metal component 102. The current in each of the two metal components can be adjusted by the appropriate adjustment element. The first resonant mode is adjusted by the first adjustment element, and the second resonant mode and the hybrid mode are adjusted by the second adjustment element. The adjustment of the first resonant mode, the second resonant mode and the hybrid mode can be performed independently. The corresponding resonant modes are adjusted by two physically separate independent adjustment elements. While synthesizing the required right-hand circular polarization through the polarization components of the first resonant mode and the second resonant mode, the circular polarization performance can be further improved by additional coupling modes.

[0133] The following is combined with Figure 8 The specific simulation data of the electronic device shown further illustrates the technical effects of the technical solution of this application.

[0134] refer to Figure 9 , Figure 9 This is a mode saliency curve of the antenna in the electronic device provided in the embodiments of this application, with the horizontal axis representing frequency and the vertical axis representing mode saliency. Based on Figure 9The curves for M1 and M2 modes show that they have a significant amplitude intersection point between 1.1 GHz and 1.2 GHz, indicating that the amplitudes of the two modes are the same at this intersection point. Therefore, the M2 mode has a frequency basis for improving circular polarization performance in the L5 band.

[0135] refer to Figure 10 , Figure 10 This is a characteristic angle curve of the antenna in the electronic device provided in the embodiments of this application, with the horizontal axis representing frequency and the vertical axis representing the characteristic angle. Based on Figure 10 The characteristic angle curves of M1 and M2 modes show that they have a phase difference of nearly 90° at the 1.176GHz frequency point. Figure 10 The phase difference is approximately 80°. In actual products, the phase difference between M1 mode and M2 mode can be adjusted by the modulation component 107 to be 90° or approximately 90°. Therefore, this application can synthesize circularly polarized radiation not only through M1 mode and M3 mode, but also through M1 mode and M2 mode, thereby achieving the effect of enhancing circular polarization performance through mixed modes.

[0136] refer to Figure 11 , Figure 11 This is a current simulation diagram of the electronic device corresponding to the first resonant mode provided in the embodiments of this application, based on... Figure 11 It can be seen that in the first resonant mode, a current that propagates along the first direction X can be formed in the antenna ground through the current loop where the first metal component is located.

[0137] refer to Figure 12 , Figure 12 This is a current simulation diagram of the electronic device corresponding to the second resonant mode provided in the embodiments of this application, based on Figure 12 It can be seen that in the second resonant mode, a current that propagates along the second direction Y can be formed in the antenna ground through the current loop where the second metal part is located.

[0138] refer to Figure 13 , Figure 13 This is a current simulation diagram of the electronic device corresponding to the hybrid mode provided in the embodiments of this application, based on... Figure 13 It can be seen that in the hybrid mode, through the current loop where the second metal part is located, a current that propagates along the first direction X and a current that propagates along the second direction Y can be simultaneously formed in the antenna ground.

[0139] refer to Figure 14 , Figure 14 The graph shows the radiation efficiency of the antenna as a function of frequency under different inductance values. In the range of 0nH to 2nH, as the inductance value increases, the peak value of the radiation efficiency shifts to lower frequencies. Therefore, by adjusting the inductance value, the peak value can be made to fall within the desired communication frequency band.

[0140] refer to Figure 15 , Figure 15 This is a graph showing the actual gain of the antenna as a function of the azimuth angle for different capacitance values. The horizontal axis represents the azimuth angle, and the vertical axis represents the actual gain. Based on Figure 15 It can be seen that when the capacitance value of the second adjustment element increases, the LHCP shifts to the left near the position with a directional angle of 0°. Adjusting this capacitance value can make the minimum axial ratio fall within the required communication frequency band, achieving a high-purity RHCP.

[0141] refer to Figures 16-18 , Figure 16 This is an equivalent circuit diagram for impedance matching of the antenna in the embodiments of this application. Figure 17 The graph shows the antenna reflection coefficient and radiation efficiency as a function of frequency after impedance matching. Figure 18 This is a graph showing the antenna axial ratio as a function of frequency.

[0142] In electronic devices, antenna impedance matching methods are as follows: Figure 16 As shown, the matching circuit connected to the target antenna 103 includes a capacitor Cs and an inductor Lp. The target antenna 103 is connected to the RF_PORT via the capacitor Cs and grounded via the inductor Lp. The first metal component 101 is connected to the antenna ground via the inductor L1 (first adjustment element). The second metal component 102 is connected to the antenna ground via the capacitor C1 (second adjustment element).

[0143] based on Figure 16 After antenna impedance matching is achieved as shown, as Figure 17 As shown, the antenna in the electronic device has dual resonances in the GPSL5 band, which can be used to construct circular polarization. Figure 18 As shown, the frequency band with an axial ratio of less than 3dB, indicated by the horizontal dashed line, belongs to the GPS L5 band. The actual measured axial ratio bandwidth meets the communication requirements of the GPS L5 band.

[0144] refer to Figures 19-21 , Figure 19 This is the antenna radiation pattern in the XZ plane. Figure 20 This is the antenna radiation pattern in the YZ plane. Figure 21 The antenna radiation pattern is shown in the XY plane. Based on the antenna radiation patterns in these three planes, it can be seen that in the spherical coordinate system, the antenna exhibits good right-hand circular polarization gain when the polar angle is 0° and the azimuth angle is 0° or 90°.

[0145] Table 1 Field Measurement Data

[0146] parameter Conventional antenna structure Antenna structure of this application <![CDATA[Average carrier-to-noise ratio C / N0 (dB-Hz)]]> 29.9 35.1 <![CDATA[Maximum carrier-to-noise ratio C / N0 (dB-Hz)]]> 36.4 44.2 Number of L5 band satellites detected 11 15 Number of low-Earth orbit satellites detected (<20°) 3 4 Number of satellites in medium and high orbits detected (>30°) 8 11

[0147] Based on the field test data shown in Table 1, it can be seen that the antenna structure based on the technical solution of this application has better communication performance. The various embodiments in this application are described in a progressive, parallel, or combined progressive and parallel manner. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments, and the same or similar parts between embodiments can be referred to mutually. The embodiments provided in this application can be combined with each other without contradiction.

[0148] It should be noted that, in the description of this application, the accompanying drawings and embodiments are illustrative rather than restrictive. The same reference numerals throughout the embodiments identify the same structures. Additionally, for understanding and ease of description, the thicknesses of some layers, films, panels, regions, etc., may be exaggerated in the drawings. It is also understood that when an element such as a layer, film, region, or substrate is referred to as being "on" another element, the element may be directly on the other element or there may be intermediate elements. Furthermore, "on" means positioning an element on or below another element, but does not inherently mean positioning it above another element according to the direction of gravity.

[0149] The terms "upper," "lower," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this application and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application. When a component is considered to be "connected" to another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or there may be a component positioned centrally in the middle.

[0150] It should also be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that an article or apparatus comprising a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such an article or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the article or apparatus that includes the aforementioned element.

[0151] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use this application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this application. Therefore, this application is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An electronic device, comprising: The device body has a first metal part and a second metal part on its outer surface; The target antenna, located within the device body, is provided with a feed point; When the feed point is powered, the target antenna is coupled to the first metal component, and the second metal component is excited to form a current through the first metal component.

2. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein the radiating element of the target antenna comprises a first conductor segment and a second conductor segment; in, When the power is supplied at the power supply point, the first conductor segment is coupled to the first metal component to excite the first metal component to form a first current; the second conductor segment is coupled to the first metal component and excites the current loop of the second metal component through the first metal component to form a second current; the first current and the second current have different directions.

3. The electronic device according to claim 2, further comprising: A modulation component is placed inside the device body. The modulation component is used to modulate the first current and the second current, so that the target antenna achieves a set radiation performance based on the first metal part and the second metal part.

4. The electronic device according to claim 3, wherein the modulation component is used to modulate the amplitude and / or phase of the first polarization component formed by the first current and the second polarization component formed by the second current, such that the amplitude and phase of the first polarization component and the second polarization component satisfy the circular polarization radiation condition.

5. The electronic device according to claim 4, wherein the first polarization component is the linear polarization component of the circularly polarized radiation along the first direction, and the second polarization component is the linear polarization component of the circularly polarized direction along the second direction; the first direction and the second direction satisfy the perpendicularity condition, and the plane where the two intersect satisfies the parallel condition with the plane where the device body is located; The first conductor segment extends along the first direction, the second conductor segment extends along the second direction, and the first conductor segment is connected to the second conductor segment.

6. The electronic device according to claim 2, wherein in a third direction, the first metal member at least obscures a portion of the width of the first conductor segment, and a first gap exists between the first conductor segment and the first metal member; the third direction is perpendicular to the plane containing the device body; In the third direction, the first metal member at most obscures a portion of the width of the second conductor segment.

7. The electronic device according to claim 5, wherein an antenna ground is provided within the device body; the antenna ground has adjacent first and second sides; The second metal component includes a first metal segment and a second metal segment; the first metal segment is opposite to the first side in the second direction and is connected based on a first ground point; the second metal segment is opposite to the second side in the first direction and is connected based on a second ground point; the second metal component forms a current loop for the second current with the antenna ground based on the first ground point and the second ground point; in, The first metal segment has a slot located between the first grounding point and the metal segment.

8. The electronic device according to claim 4, wherein the modulation component comprises: A first adjustment element for adjusting antenna radiation efficiency and / or a second adjustment element for adjusting antenna axial ratio; The first adjusting element is connected to the first metal part; The second adjusting element is connected to the second metal part.

9. The electronic device according to claim 8, wherein the first adjusting element is an inductor, and the connection point between the inductor and the first metal part is matched with the midpoint of the edge of the first metal part away from the second metal part.

10. The electronic device according to claim 8, wherein an antenna ground is provided within the device body; the antenna ground has adjacent first sides and second sides; the second metal member includes a first metal segment and a second metal segment; the first metal segment is opposite to the first side in a second direction and connected based on a first grounding point; the second metal segment is opposite to the second side in the first direction and connected based on a second grounding point; the second metal member forms a current loop for the second current with the antenna ground based on the first grounding point and the second grounding point; the first metal segment has a slot located between the first grounding point and the metal segment; The second adjustment element is a capacitor element, which is connected to the first metal segment. The connection point is located at the end of the first metal segment facing the second metal segment, and the distance between the connection point and the slit is one-quarter of the communication wavelength.

11. The electronic device according to claim 2, wherein the sum of the lengths of the first conductor segment and the second conductor segment is not less than one-quarter of the communication wavelength and not greater than the communication wavelength; The length of the first conductor segment is not less than the length of the second conductor segment; The first metal part is a right-angled rectangle with four equal sides or a rounded rectangle, and the side length of the first metal part is not less than one-quarter of the communication wavelength.

12. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1-11, wherein a photosensitive component is disposed within the device body; The device body includes a rear shell and a metal frame; The rear shell has a partial shell that is the first metal part; the first metal part covers the photosensitive component and has a light-receiving port opposite to the photosensitive component; The partial metal frame in the metal frame is the second metal component.

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