Radome for a base station antenna and base station antenna

Abstract

This application provides an radome and a base station antenna for a base station antenna, belonging to the field of antenna equipment technology. The radome for the base station antenna includes a first dielectric layer and a second dielectric layer stacked together. A first patch resonant unit is disposed on the first dielectric layer, and a second patch resonant unit is disposed on the second dielectric layer. A common metal layer is disposed between the first and second dielectric layers, and an annular coupling gap is provided on the common metal layer. At least one of the first and second patch resonant units is a hollow annular patch. The inner edge of the annular patch has at least two concave perturbation slots. The perturbation slots are configured to cause the first and second patch resonant units to resonate within a target operating frequency band, thereby generating multiple transmission poles within the target operating frequency band. The radome and base station antenna provided in this application can form a multi-order filtering response and achieve a low-profile design.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to antenna equipment technology, and more particularly to an radome and a base station antenna for use as a base station antenna. Background Technology

[0002] As mobile communication systems evolve towards broadband, the requirements for operating bandwidth and environmental reliability of base station antennas are increasing. Base station antennas need to be equipped with radomes to withstand the effects of harsh outdoor environments. Radomes based on frequency selective surfaces (FSS) can achieve efficient electromagnetic wave transmission within the operating frequency band of the base station antenna, while simultaneously forming band-stop shielding outside the operating frequency band, thereby effectively suppressing external interference and improving the system's electromagnetic compatibility and stealth performance.

[0003] However, the FSS radome in related technologies has the problems of high profile and narrow operating bandwidth, which makes it difficult to meet the engineering requirements of low profile and broadband in modern base station antennas, and is not conducive to the widespread application of radomes in base station antennas. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides an radome and a base station antenna for a base station antenna, in order to solve the technical problems of high profile and narrow operating bandwidth of FSS radomes in related technologies.

[0005] In a first aspect, the antenna radome for a base station antenna provided in the embodiments of this application includes:

[0006] A first dielectric layer and a second dielectric layer are stacked together. A first patch resonant unit is provided on the first dielectric layer, and a second patch resonant unit is provided on the side of the second dielectric layer opposite to the first dielectric layer.

[0007] A common metal layer is disposed between the first dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer. The common metal layer has an annular coupling gap, which is used for electromagnetic coupling connection between the first patch resonant unit and the second patch resonant unit.

[0008] Wherein, at least one of the first patch resonant unit and the second patch resonant unit is a hollow annular patch, and the inner ring edge of the annular patch is provided with at least two concave disturbance grooves. The disturbance grooves are configured to cause the first patch resonant unit and the second patch resonant unit to resonate within the target operating frequency band, so as to generate multiple transmission poles within the target operating frequency band.

[0009] In some possible implementations, the disturbance groove is at least one of a rectangular groove, a trapezoidal groove, or a circular arc groove.

[0010] In some possible implementations, the disturbance grooves are four in number, and the four disturbance grooves are evenly spaced around the inner ring edge of the annular patch.

[0011] In some possible implementations, both the first patch resonant unit and the second patch resonant unit are the annular patch, and the orthographic projection of the first patch resonant unit on the common metal layer at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the second patch resonant unit on the common metal layer.

[0012] In some possible implementations, the first patch resonant unit and the second patch resonant unit are the same size.

[0013] In some possible implementations, the coupling gap is a rectangular annular gap, and each of the four corners of the coupling gap is constructed with a bent step protruding toward the center.

[0014] In some possible implementations, the coupling gap includes a plurality of gap segments, at least a portion of which is parallel to the side of the first dielectric layer.

[0015] In some possible implementations, the line connecting the center of the coupling gap and the center of the first patch resonant unit is perpendicular to the first dielectric layer;

[0016] The orthographic projection of the inner ring edge of the coupling gap onto the first dielectric layer falls into the orthographic projection of the first patch resonant unit onto the first dielectric layer.

[0017] In some possible implementations, the bent steps are right-angled steps or rounded steps, and the four bent steps are arranged symmetrically about the center of the coupling gap.

[0018] On the other hand, embodiments of this application also provide a base station antenna, including an radome for a base station antenna as described in any of the preceding claims.

[0019] The radome and base station antenna provided in this application embodiment utilize a first dielectric layer and a second dielectric layer stacked in the radome to make the first patch resonant unit and the second patch resonant unit each act as resonators, which together with the coupling gap in the middle form a third-order bandpass filter structure. As a result, the frequency responses of the three resonant modes are superimposed and fused together, which is beneficial to forming a flat broadband passband.

[0020] In addition, at least two disturbance slots are provided on the inner ring edge of the annular patch. The disturbance slots can change the current path of the annular patch, enabling the annular patch to achieve a lower resonant frequency without changing its size. This is beneficial for achieving a low profile and miniaturized design of the radome. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of an antenna radome for a base station antenna provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0023] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Side view.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first patch resonant unit provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the common metal layer provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0026] Figure 5 The figure shows the simulation results of S-parameters under normal incidence of TE-polarized incident waves provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0027] Figure 6 The simulation results of S-parameters under normal incidence of TM polarized incident waves provided in the embodiments of this application are shown.

[0028] Figure 7 The simulation results of S21 parameters under large-angle incident TE polarized incident wave provided in the embodiments of this application are as follows.

[0029] Figure 8 The simulation results of S21 parameters under large-angle incident wave under TM polarized incident wave provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0030] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures

[0031] 100, First dielectric layer; 110, First patch resonant unit; 111, Disturbance groove;

[0032] 200, Second dielectric layer; 210, Second patch resonant unit;

[0033] 300. Common metal layer; 310. Coupling gap; 311. Bent step; 312. Straight segment.

[0034] The accompanying drawings illustrate specific embodiments of this application, which will be described in more detail below. These drawings and descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept in any way, but rather to illustrate the concepts of this application to those skilled in the art through reference to particular embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0035] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this application.

[0036] As mentioned in the background technology, although current radomes using frequency selective surface (FSS) designs can achieve specific passband filtering and stealth effects, when facing wide-bandwidth, dual-polarized base station antenna applications, the design structure of common radomes is relatively complex and there is also the problem of increased sensitivity to incident angle, which is not conducive to the large-scale deployment of base station antenna equipment.

[0037] Based on the above description, one or more embodiments of this application provide an radome and a base station antenna for a base station antenna. The radome is provided with a first patch resonant unit, a second patch resonant unit and a coupling gap, and the resonant mode is optimized. This achieves wideband passability, excellent angular stability and out-of-band interference suppression capability. While improving the anti-interference capability and stealth characteristics of the antenna system, it maintains a low profile design, is easy to manufacture, and is more suitable for modern high-performance wireless communication systems.

[0038] The following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, illustrates the solutions of the embodiments of this application.

[0039] like Figure 1 As shown in the embodiment of this application, the radome for a base station antenna includes a first dielectric layer 100, a second dielectric layer 200, and a common metal layer 300 stacked together.

[0040] A first patch resonant unit 110 is provided on the first dielectric layer 100, and a second patch resonant unit 210 is provided on the side of the second dielectric layer 200 opposite to the first dielectric layer 100. A common metal layer 300 is provided between the first dielectric layer 100 and the second dielectric layer 200, and an annular coupling gap 310 is provided on the common metal layer 300. The coupling gap 310 is used for electromagnetic coupling connection between the first patch resonant unit 110 and the second patch resonant unit 210. At least one of the first patch resonant unit 110 and the second patch resonant unit 210 is a hollow annular patch. The inner ring edge of the annular patch is provided with at least two concave disturbance grooves 111. The disturbance grooves 111 are configured to make the first patch resonant unit 110 and the second patch resonant unit 210 resonate in the target operating frequency band, thereby generating multiple transmission poles in the target operating frequency band.

[0041] As can be seen from the above description, the radome for base station antennas provided in this application embodiment has a smaller thickness in the vertical direction for the first dielectric layer 100, the intermediate metal layer and the second dielectric layer 200. Compared with waveguide-type or cavity-type FSS radomes in related technologies, it has a lower profile, which is beneficial to meeting the requirements of miniaturization and lightweighting of base station antennas.

[0042] The first patch resonant unit 110 and the second patch resonant unit 210 each serve as resonators, and together with the intermediate coupling gap 310, they form a third-order bandpass filter structure. As a result, the frequency responses of the three resonant modes are superimposed and integrated, which is beneficial to forming a flat broadband passband.

[0043] In the embodiments of this application, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the z-axis represents the stacking direction, which is the height direction, while the x-axis and y-axis are mutually perpendicular horizontal directions.

[0044] The common metal layer 300 is sandwiched between the first dielectric layer 100 and the second dielectric layer 200. The first dielectric layer 100, the common metal layer 300 and the second dielectric layer 200 are stacked sequentially along the thickness direction to form an integral flat plate structure.

[0045] Here, the first dielectric layer 100, the second dielectric layer 200, and the common metal layer 300 are all square layers. The dielectric constant of the first dielectric layer 100 and / or the second dielectric layer 200 is 3.55, and the thickness is 6 mm. Both the first dielectric layer 100 and the second dielectric layer 200 are made of the same microwave dielectric material, such as ceramic-filled polytetrafluoroethylene composite materials (e.g., RO4003C series), or other polymer composite materials with stable dielectric properties. The thickness of the first dielectric layer 100 and the second dielectric layer 200 can be adjusted according to the target operating frequency band and coupling strength requirements.

[0046] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the first patch resonant unit 110 and the second patch resonant unit 210 are both annular patches, and the orthographic projection of the first patch resonant unit 110 on the common metal layer 300 at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the second patch resonant unit 210 on the common metal layer 300.

[0047] In the above embodiments, the first patch resonant unit 110 and the second patch resonant unit 210 are both hollow annular patches. Thus, the first patch resonant unit 110 and the second patch resonant unit 210 are symmetrically designed about the common metal layer 300. The overall structure of the radome corresponds to both sides of the two dielectric layers in the vertical direction and has the same electromagnetic characteristics, which is beneficial to achieving polarization insensitivity and bidirectional symmetrical transmission performance.

[0048] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the orthographic projection of the first patch resonant unit 110 on the common metal layer 300 and the orthographic projection of the second patch resonant unit 210 on the common metal layer 300 at least partially overlap, including a completely overlapping scenario. In the completely overlapping scenario, the first patch resonant unit 110 and the second patch resonant unit 210 adopt radiating patch components with completely identical shape and size. This design can achieve strong electromagnetic coupling and symmetrical polarization response effects.

[0049] As an alternative implementation, the centers of the first patch resonant unit 110 and the second patch resonant unit 210 may be slightly offset, or the dimensions of the first patch resonant unit 110 and the second patch resonant unit 210 may differ, but their projections may overlap. This design allows for more flexible and free adjustments. For example, the annular structures of the first patch resonant unit 110 and the second patch resonant unit 210 may be identical, but the depth or width of the perturbation groove 111 may differ slightly, in order to fine-tune the resonant frequencies of the different patch resonant units. This allows the resonant peaks of the two patch resonant units to be misaligned before coupling and merging, thereby facilitating further bandwidth expansion.

[0050] The first patch resonant unit 110 and the second patch resonant unit 210 are independent resonators, and energy coupling is achieved through the coupling gap 310. When the projections of the two overlap, a three-resonator coupling path is formed, realizing a third-order bandpass filter response, so that the frequency response curve has three transmission poles, which is beneficial to obtaining a flat passband and a steep roll-off characteristic.

[0051] It should be noted that the larger the overlapping area of ​​the projection of the first patch resonant unit 110 and the second patch resonant unit 210, the higher the efficiency of energy exchange between the two through the coupling gap 310. Therefore, it is preferable to use the first patch resonant unit 110 and the second patch resonant unit 210 with completely identical size and structure in order to reduce insertion loss and enhance coupling efficiency.

[0052] For example, in the subsequent embodiments of this application, the first patch resonant unit 110 and the second patch resonant unit 210 adopt radiating patches with completely identical structure and size. The first patch resonant unit 110 is used as an example for the following description. The structure of the second patch resonant unit 210 can be referred to the relevant description of the first patch resonant unit 110. This will not be repeated in the embodiments of this application.

[0053] like Figure 3 As shown, the first patch resonant unit 110 is a hollow annular radiating patch. The inner ring edge of the first patch resonant unit 110 is recessed outward in the radial direction to form at least two disturbance grooves 111. The disturbance grooves 111 are at least one of rectangular grooves, trapezoidal grooves, or arc-shaped grooves.

[0054] When using a rectangular slot, as shown in the figure, the disturbance slot 111 has flat sidewalls and bottom. The rectangular slot is easy to implement through standard printed circuit board etching process, and the right-angled edge of the disturbance slot 111 is also conducive to forming a strong electric field concentration effect.

[0055] As an alternative implementation, the perturbation slot 111 can also be a trapezoidal slot or an arc-shaped slot, as long as it can disturb the current path. All perturbation slots 111 on the same annular patch can have the same shape to ensure structural symmetry and consistency. Of course, perturbation slots 111 of different shapes can also be used in combination. For example, rectangular slots can be used on opposite sides in the same direction, and arc-shaped slots can be used on opposite sides in another direction. This design can facilitate fine-tuning of the resonance characteristics of different polarization directions.

[0056] The disturbance slot 111 introduces geometric discontinuities at the inner ring edge of the annular patch, forcing high-frequency current to flow along the edge of the slot, thereby changing the current path of the annular patch. This allows the annular patch to achieve a lower resonant frequency without changing its size, which is beneficial for achieving a low profile and miniaturized design of the radome.

[0057] In this embodiment of the application, there are four disturbance grooves 111, which are evenly spaced around the inner ring edge of the annular patch.

[0058] Four perturbation slots 111 are evenly spaced around the inner edge of the annular patch, meaning that the central angles of any two adjacent perturbation slots 111 are the same. Thus, the central angle between any two adjacent perturbation slots 111 is 90°, forming a rotationally symmetric structure. This arrangement ensures that the annular patch has the same current path in both the x and y directions. Regardless of whether the polarization direction of the incident wave is TE or TM, the annular patch can be equally excited to produce the same resonant response. Therefore, the polarization insensitivity characteristic ensures that the radome can adapt to various polarizations of incoming signals in actual base station deployments without requiring calibration for specific polarization directions.

[0059] Furthermore, due to the symmetrical arrangement of the perturbation slots 111, the current distribution on the annular patch exhibits high rotational symmetry. When electromagnetic waves are incident at a large angle, the wave vector direction changes, but the symmetrical structure of the patch ensures that the equivalent impedance changes little in different directions, thus helping to maintain the stability of the resonant frequency and coupling strength.

[0060] like Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the first patch resonant unit 110 and the second patch resonant unit 210 have the same size.

[0061] Here, the first patch resonant unit 110 and the second patch resonant unit 210 have the same size, which means that their inner ring radius and outer ring radius are the same, the size of the disturbance slots 111 located at various positions on them is the same, and their overall outer contours are also the same. The fact that the first patch resonant unit 110 and the second patch resonant unit 210 have the same size is beneficial for them to have the same intrinsic resonant frequency and field distribution mode, thereby helping to ensure symmetrical coupling and polarization insensitivity characteristics.

[0062] Of course, as long as the dimensional deviation of the upper and lower annular patches is within the acceptable process tolerance range, they should be considered to fall into the relevant description of the same size.

[0063] Furthermore, taking the first patch resonant unit 110 as an example, the ratio of the outer diameter to the inner diameter of the annular patch is 2, and the ratio of the radial depth to the width of the disturbance groove 111 is 2:3.

[0064] Here, the outer diameter is the diameter of the outer circle of the annular patch, and the inner diameter is the diameter of the inner circle of the annular patch. When the ratio of the outer diameter to the inner diameter is 2, the fundamental mode resonant frequency of the annular patch can stably fall within the target frequency band.

[0065] The radial depth of the disturbance groove 111 refers to the depth of the disturbance groove 111 extending outward in the radial direction from the inner ring edge of the annular patch, and the width refers to the width of the side of the disturbance groove 111 adjacent to the depth side.

[0066] When the ratio of the radial depth to the width of the perturbation slot 111 is 2:3, the perturbation slot 111 can effectively adjust the coupling between the fundamental modes while maintaining the fundamental mode resonance, which helps to form a flat passband.

[0067] For example, Figure 3 In this diagram, p is the side length of the first dielectric layer 100, l1 is the width of the disturbance groove 111, w1 is the radial depth of the disturbance groove 111, r1 is the inner diameter of the annular patch, r2 is the outer diameter of the annular patch, and the ratio of the outer diameter to the inner diameter is 2.

[0068] Where p is 13.8mm, l1 is 1.5mm, w1 is 1mm, r1 is 2.9mm, and r2 is 5.8mm.

[0069] like Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments, the coupling gap 310 is a rectangular annular gap, and each of the four corners of the coupling gap 310 is constructed with a bent step 311 protruding towards the center.

[0070] Here, the coupling gap 310 is rectangular, meaning that a closed annular opening is etched into the common metal layer 300, and the outline of the annulus is rectangular. The coupling gap 310 includes multiple gap segments, at least a portion of which is parallel to the side edge of the first dielectric layer 100. For example, the multiple gap segments include four straight segments 312, with adjacent straight segments 312 connected by corners. The four straight segments 312 are respectively parallel to the four side edges of the common metal layer 300 or the first dielectric layer 100, and the four corners respectively connect the turning regions of adjacent straight segments 312.

[0071] In this embodiment, each of the four corners of the coupling gap 310 is provided with a bent step 311. The bent step 311 protrudes towards the center, meaning that the path of the coupling gap 310 at the corner first extends inward and then turns outward to form a stepped path. Further, the bent step 311 is a right-angled step or a rounded step, and the four bent steps 311 are arranged symmetrically about the center of the coupling gap 310.

[0072] Taking a right-angled step as an example, the end gap path of a certain straight line segment 312 first bends inward perpendicular to the direction of the straight line segment 312 to form the first step, then bends outward in the opposite direction to form the second step, and finally connects with the adjacent straight line segment 312.

[0073] As an alternative implementation, when using rounded corner steps, the bends of the curved steps 311 are transitioned by arcs. Smooth transitions can avoid excessive concentration of electric field and reduce the risk of partial discharge. This can be flexibly selected according to the actual design scenario requirements.

[0074] The four bent steps 311 are arranged symmetrically about the center of the coupling gap 310, meaning that after rotating the entire coupling gap 310 180° around its center, the positions of the four bent steps 311 completely coincide with itself; since the four bent steps 311 have the same structure and consistent size, the symmetry design is actually 90° rotational symmetry.

[0075] The symmetrically arranged bent steps 311 ensure that the equivalent impedance of the coupling gap 310 changes little when electromagnetic waves are obliquely incident. When the incident angle increases from 0° to 50°, due to the rotational symmetry of the structure, the impedance changes in different directions compensate for each other, so that the center frequency and bandwidth of the passband remain basically unchanged, which is beneficial to ensuring the consistency of dual polarization performance and angular stability.

[0076] In a patch resonant unit, coupling occurs between the nodes and antinodes of the electric field, resulting in both electrical and magnetic coupling, or mixed coupling, which is a superposition of electrical and magnetic coupling. When magnetic coupling dominates, no transmission zeros are generated near the passband; when electrical coupling dominates, one transmission zero is generated on each side of the passband; when both electrical and magnetic coupling exist simultaneously, two transmission zeros are generated in the upper sideband of the passband. In this embodiment, a strong electric field and a strong magnetic field exist simultaneously at the location of the coupling gap 310, thus generating two transmission zeros on the right side of the passband, resulting in a steep roll-off in the upper sideband.

[0077] The bent step 311 extends the current path, allowing for a lower resonant frequency within the same size constraints. This facilitates miniaturization and low-profile design of the overall structure. Furthermore, the inner corner of the bent step 311, i.e., the protruding vertex, forms a localized strong electric field region. This strong electric field region coexists with the strong magnetic field region surrounding the straight segment 312 of the coupling slot 310, contributing to a hybrid coupling effect. The superposition effect of this hybrid coupling manifests in the frequency response as the generation of at least one transmission zero on the high-frequency side of the passband, significantly improving the radome's out-of-band rejection capability and frequency selectivity.

[0078] For example, Figure 4 In the coupling gap 310 on the common metal layer 300 shown, l2 is the length of a straight line segment 312, l3 is the turning distance of the bent step 311, and w2 is the width of the coupling gap 310. Here, l2 is 8.5 mm, w2 is 0.1 mm, and l3 is 2 mm.

[0079] In some embodiments, the center line connecting the coupling gap 310 and the first patch resonant unit 110 is perpendicular to the first dielectric layer 100; the orthographic projection of the inner ring edge of the coupling gap 310 onto the first dielectric layer 100 falls into the orthographic projection of the first patch resonant unit 110 onto the first dielectric layer 100.

[0080] In the above embodiment, the center of the coupling gap 310 refers to the intersection of the diagonals of the rectangular annular gap, which is also the symmetrical center of the four bent steps 311. The first patch resonant unit 110 refers to the center of the inner and outer circles of the annular patch. Center alignment ensures that the coupling gap 310 and the first patch resonant unit 110 have exactly the same relative position in the x and y directions. Regardless of the change in the polarization direction of the incident wave, the coupling strength and phase relationship between the two remain consistent, which is beneficial for achieving polarization-insensitive transmission characteristics.

[0081] When the inner ring edge of the coupling slot 310 falls completely within the projection of the first patch resonant unit 110, the strong electric field region of the patch edge overlaps with the strong coupling region of the slot. The electromagnetic field excited by the first patch resonant unit 110 can be injected into the coupling slot 310 with low loss, thereby reducing insertion loss and improving transmission efficiency.

[0082] In some embodiments, the operation of the radome for a base station antenna is as follows:

[0083] Electromagnetic waves in free space are incident on the first patch resonator 110, exciting its TM11 mode. A coupling slot 310 exists on the common metal layer 300. The TM11 mode of the first patch resonator 110 excites its own mode on the coupling slot 310, and simultaneously couples with the underlying second patch resonator 210 through the coupling slot 310, allowing the TM11 mode to transmit to and resonate again on the second patch resonator 210. Therefore, this design achieves a third-order bandpass filter response.

[0084] Figure 5 The scattering parameters of the TE-polarized incident wave under normal incidence conditions, as simulated in electromagnetic simulation software for the radome embodiment provided in this application, are used to determine the transmission and reflection characteristics of the radome. Figure 5 It can be seen that its filtering response has a flat bandwidth, the center frequencies of the three transmission poles are 2.7GHz, 3.65GHz and 4.66GHz respectively, the -3dB passband covers 2.2GHz-4.98GHz, and the relative bandwidth is 77.4%.

[0085] Figure 6 The scattering parameters of a TM-polarized incident wave under normal incidence conditions are simulated in electromagnetic simulation software for an embodiment of the radome for a base station antenna provided in this application. Figure 6 It can be seen that its filtering response has a flat bandwidth, with center frequencies of 2.7 GHz, 3.65 GHz and 4.66 GHz for the three transmission poles, and a -3 dB passband covering 2.2 to 4.98 GHz, resulting in a relative bandwidth of 77.4%. The above analysis shows that the embodiments designed in this application have polarization insensitivity.

[0086] Figure 7This paper presents the simulation results of scattering parameters of a radome used for a base station antenna under large-angle incident conditions in electromagnetic simulation software. The simulation graph shows the S21 transmission coefficient under different incident angles to determine the angular stability of the radome. The passband center frequency and bandwidth remain almost unchanged with the incident angle, with only a slight increase in insertion loss. At high frequencies, the position of the transmission null point shifts slightly to the left due to the influence of the grating lobe, indicating that the radome maintains stable frequency selectivity over a wide angle range.

[0087] Figure 8 This paper presents simulation results of the scattering parameters of a radome used for a base station antenna under large-angle incidence conditions in electromagnetic simulation software. Figure 8 As can be seen, the passband center frequency and bandwidth hardly change with the incident angle, indicating that the structure has good angular stability.

[0088] Another embodiment of this application also provides a base station antenna, including an radome as in any of the preceding embodiments. Since the base station antenna includes an radome as in any of the preceding embodiments, it has all the advantages of an radome.

[0089] Other embodiments of this application will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this application that follow the general principles of this application and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The specification and examples are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of this application are indicated by the following claims.

[0090] It should be understood that this application is not limited to the precise structure described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope.

Claims

1. An antenna radome for a base station antenna, characterized in that, include: A first dielectric layer (100) and a second dielectric layer (200) are stacked together. A first patch resonant unit (110) is provided on the first dielectric layer (100), and a second patch resonant unit (210) is provided on the side of the second dielectric layer (200) away from the first dielectric layer (100). A common metal layer (300) is disposed between the first dielectric layer (100) and the second dielectric layer (200). An annular coupling gap (310) is provided on the common metal layer (300). The coupling gap (310) is used for electromagnetic coupling connection between the first patch resonant unit (110) and the second patch resonant unit (210). Wherein, at least one of the first patch resonant unit (110) and the second patch resonant unit (210) is a hollow annular patch, and the inner ring edge of the annular patch is provided with at least two concave disturbance grooves (111). The disturbance grooves (111) are configured to cause the first patch resonant unit (110) and the second patch resonant unit (210) to resonate in the target operating frequency band, so as to generate multiple transmission poles in the target operating frequency band.

2. The radome for a base station antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The disturbance groove (111) is at least one of a rectangular groove, a trapezoidal groove, or a circular arc groove.

3. The radome for a base station antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that, The disturbance groove (111) has four grooves, which are evenly spaced around the inner ring edge of the annular patch.

4. The radome for a base station antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, Both the first patch resonant unit (110) and the second patch resonant unit (210) are the annular patches. The orthographic projection of the first patch resonant unit (110) on the common metal layer (300) at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the second patch resonant unit (210) on the common metal layer (300).

5. The radome for a base station antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first patch resonant unit (110) and the second patch resonant unit (210) have the same size.

6. The radome for a base station antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The coupling gap (310) is a rectangular annular gap, and each of the four corners of the coupling gap (310) is constructed with a bent step (311) protruding towards the center.

7. The radome for a base station antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that, The coupling gap (310) includes a plurality of gap segments, at least a portion of which are parallel to the side of the first dielectric layer (100).

8. The radome for a base station antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that, The line connecting the center of the coupling gap (310) and the center of the first patch resonant unit (110) is perpendicular to the first dielectric layer (100). The orthographic projection of the inner ring edge of the coupling gap (310) onto the first dielectric layer (100) falls into the orthographic projection of the first patch resonant unit (110) onto the first dielectric layer (100).

9. The radome for a base station antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that, The bent steps (311) are right-angled steps or rounded steps, and the four bent steps (311) are arranged symmetrically about the center of the coupling gap (310).

10. A base station antenna, characterized in that, Includes the antenna radome for a base station antenna as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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