A high-voltage arrester with adjustable discharge gap

Abstract

This invention relates to the technical field of electrical equipment, specifically to a high-voltage surge arrester with an adjustable discharge gap. The high-voltage surge arrester includes a cylinder body, an insulating valve plate, a shielding sleeve, a spherical electrode, and a threaded extension tube. During operation, the operator can adjust the position of the spherical electrode by adjusting the length of the adjusting threaded rod within the threaded extension tube, thus adjusting the pressure changes without affecting the sealing performance of the equipment. This ensures that the insulating valve plate is not affected, preventing a reduction in equipment lifespan or deactivation. Furthermore, it is adaptable to different application scenarios, relatively simple to operate, and possesses good practicality and economy, thus promoting the widespread use of the equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of electrical equipment, and more specifically to a high-voltage surge arrester with an adjustable discharge gap. Background Technology

[0002] High-voltage / ultra-high-voltage surge arresters with series gaps (such as line surge arresters) play a crucial role in power grid overvoltage protection. Precise control of the discharge gap distance directly determines the arrester's operating voltage and protection capability.

[0003] Existing gap-type surge arresters typically employ externally open gaps, making their discharge voltage highly susceptible to external environmental factors such as ice, snow, rain, pollution, and bird activity, leading to fluctuations in insulation performance and even frequent flashover faults. There is an urgent need for a novel surge arrester structure that can simultaneously achieve controlled surge protection capabilities within a confined, high-voltage sealed chamber. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems in the existing technology, the present invention aims to provide a high-voltage surge arrester with a simple structure and adjustable lightning protection capability.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in this invention is: a high-voltage surge arrester with adjustable discharge gap, including a bottle body, a plurality of skirts provided around the bottle body, and a sealed gas chamber filled with insulating gas placed in the inner cavity of the bottle body; A fixed valve plate assembly is disposed at the lower part of the bottle body; An adjustable valve plate assembly is disposed on the upper part of the bottle body. The adjustable valve plate assembly includes a movable electrode and a movable mechanism for driving the movable electrode. The movable mechanism drives the movable electrode to move axially into the sealed gas chamber to change the discharge gap. An insulating valve plate is provided with multiple sets of axially oriented valve plate columns, which are axially positioned between the fixed valve plate assembly and the adjustable valve plate assembly by a fixing mechanism.

[0006] In one embodiment, the fixing mechanism includes multiple sets of positioning inclined plates, which are evenly distributed around the valve plates. The multiple sets of positioning inclined plates have a limiting structure at one end of the valve plate post near the adjustable valve plate assembly to prevent the valve plate post from abutting the adjustable valve plate assembly.

[0007] In one embodiment, the limiting structure includes a disc-shaped pressed disc with a through-center. The flared portion of the pressed disc fits against the plane of the adjacent insulating valve plate. A countersunk groove is provided at the end of the positioning inclined plate near the pressed disc. A fixing pin is built into the countersunk groove and the fixing pin obliquely abuts against the arc-shaped surface of the pressed disc.

[0008] In one embodiment, the fixed valve plate assembly includes a bottle cap that connects to the bottle body and an abutment piece in the middle of the bottle cap. The abutment piece has a bottom terminal block that passes through the bottle cap on its central axis. A placement tube is provided at one end of the abutment piece facing the valve plate post. A compression spring is provided between the abutment piece and the valve plate post and placed in the inner cavity of the placement tube.

[0009] In one embodiment, the movable electrode includes a bottle cap that seals the bottle body and an adjustable threaded rod that passes through the bottle cap. The end of the adjustable threaded rod located in the inner cavity of the bottle body is provided with a spherical electrode, and a threaded extension tube is provided between the circumference of the spherical electrode and the bottle cap.

[0010] In one embodiment, the movable mechanism includes an adjustable bearing, which is disposed on the outer plane of the bottle cap and the bottle body by an adjustable threaded rod. The adjustable bearing drives a linear guide disk to rotate, and the central axis of the linear guide disk is threadedly connected to the middle of the adjustable threaded rod.

[0011] In one embodiment, the end of the adjustable threaded rod away from the spherical electrode is provided with a top terminal.

[0012] In one embodiment, the adjusting threaded rod is further provided with a shielding sleeve at the inner end of the bottle body. The shielding sleeve has a barrel-shaped structure, and the bottom axis of the shielding sleeve is connected to the maximum circumference of the spherical electrode. The shielding sleeve is equipotentially connected to the movable electrode.

[0013] In one embodiment, the bottle cap on the active electrode is provided with an isolation tube on the side near the inner cavity of the bottle body, the shielding sleeve wraps around and fits the isolation tube, and the isolation tube is provided with at least one set of pressure equalization gas guide grooves connecting the inner cavity of the shielding sleeve and the sealed gas chamber.

[0014] In one embodiment, the circumferential distances between the shielding sleeve, the isolation tube, and the threaded extension tube are equal.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention is a high-voltage surge arrester with a simple structure and adjustable lightning protection capability. The specific implementation method is as follows: First, the length of the adjusting threaded rod entering the inner cavity of the bottle is adjusted. This length affects the distance between the spherical electrode and the insulating valve plate. Specifically, rotating the adjusting bearing drives the linear guide disk to rotate. Since the linear guide disk meshes with the adjusting threaded rod, and the adjusting threaded rod is connected to the spherical electrode and the threaded extension tube for fixation, and the threaded extension tube is made of metal and can only be extended or shortened axially, the length of the adjusting threaded rod entering the inner cavity of the bottle can be controlled by the linear guide disk. At the same time, it will not affect the airtightness of the inner cavity of the bottle, and thus will not affect the life of the insulating valve plate, realizing the function of adjusting the discharge gap. Meanwhile, since the wrinkles of the threaded extension tube increase the probability of partial discharge under high pressure, the discharge capability of the threaded extension tube is isolated by setting a shielding sleeve, which can reduce the occurrence of the above problems and protect the overall structural safety. At the same time, an isolation tube and a pressure equalizing air guide groove are set to completely seal the extended threaded extension tube, and at the same time prevent the relative movement of the isolation tube and the shielding sleeve from causing a decrease in the air pressure in the inner cavity of the two, which would affect the discharge capability.

[0016] In use, the pressing disc can be placed at the end of the pressing disc in advance and then supported by the fixing pin. It is beneficial that the positioning inclined plate can be set as an inclined plate that is axially deflected by the placed insulating valve plate column. When placing, the position of the insulating valve plate is corrected by the fit of the inclined plate, reducing the gap between the relative insulating valve plates and improving the manufacturing level of the equipment. The pressing spring at the end away from the pressing disc can also tightly press the insulating valve plate to reduce the gap between them and improve the conductivity.

[0017] This equipment has a simple structure and effectively solves the fatal defects of traditional rubber dynamic seals such as O-rings that are prone to aging and wear through physical isolation via threaded extension tubes. At the same time, it is not affected by changes in the external environment, and has good economic efficiency and practicality, which is beneficial to the promotion and use of the equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the shielding sleeve of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a partial cross-sectional three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 5 This is the second partial cross-sectional three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 6 This is the third partial cross-sectional three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0020] Figure descriptions: 1. Bottle body; 11. Bottle cap; 13. Skirt support; 14. Top terminal; 15. Bottom terminal; 151. Abutment piece; 152. Placement tube; 153. Compression spring; 16. Adjustable bearing; 161. Adjustable threaded rod; 162. Linear guide plate; 21. Positioning inclined plate; 3. Valve plate; 41. Shielding sleeve; 42. Spherical electrode; 43. Isolation tube; 44. Pressure equalizing air guide groove; 45. Threaded extension tube; 51. Compression disc; 52. Fixing pin. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for explaining the invention and are not intended to limit the invention; that is, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0022] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0023] The following is combined Figure 1-6 The present invention describes a high-voltage surge arrester with an adjustable discharge gap, comprising a bottle body 1, mainly made of ceramic material. The non-conductive parts described below are all non-conductive or based on other actual needs. The bottle body 1 is provided with several skirts 13 around its perimeter. The skirts 13 are arranged axially in sequence to facilitate dust removal, heat dissipation and other functions. The inner cavity of the bottle body 1 is provided with a sealed gas chamber filled with insulating gas, such as a nitrogen mixture. A fixed valve plate assembly is located at the lower part of the bottle body 1; An adjustable valve plate assembly is located on the upper part of the bottle body 1. The adjustable valve plate assembly includes a movable electrode and a movable mechanism that drives the movable electrode. The movable mechanism drives the movable electrode to move axially into the sealed gas chamber to change the discharge gap. Specifically, the discharge gap mainly affects the application scenario and the acceptable voltage capability. The structure with an adjustable discharge gap can better achieve the versatility of the equipment. The insulating valve plate 3 is usually made of zinc oxide. It is conductive under high voltage and insulating under low voltage. The insulating valve plate 3 has multiple sets of valve plate columns in an axial direction. The valve plate columns are axially positioned between the fixed valve plate assembly and the adjustable valve plate assembly by a fixing mechanism.

[0024] Specifically, the fixing mechanism includes multiple sets of positioning inclined plates 21, which are evenly distributed around the valve plates. Each set of positioning inclined plates 21 has a limiting structure at the end of the valve plate column near the adjustable valve plate assembly to prevent the valve plate column from abutting the adjustable valve plate assembly.

[0025] Beneficially, the limiting structure includes a disc-shaped pressed disc 51, which can be conductive or non-conductive, depending on the actual required hardness. The edges of the pressed disc 51 are chamfered, and the top profile is machined into a smooth transition dome shape. The middle of the pressed disc 51 is through, and the flared part of the pressed disc 51 fits against the plane of the adjacent insulating valve plate 3. The positioning inclined plate 21 has a countersunk groove at the end near the pressed disc 51. The countersunk groove contains a fixing pin 52, which obliquely abuts against the arc-shaped surface of the pressed disc 51.

[0026] Specifically, the fixed valve plate assembly includes a bottle cap 11 that connects to the bottle body 1 and an abutment piece 151 in the middle of the bottle cap 11. The abutment piece 151 has a bottom terminal 15 that passes through the bottle cap 11 on its central axis. The abutment piece 151 has a placement tube 152 at one end facing the valve plate post. A compression spring 153 is placed in the inner cavity of the placement tube 152 between the abutment piece 151 and the valve plate post.

[0027] Beneficially, the movable electrode includes a bottle cap 11 sealing the bottle body 1 and an adjustable threaded rod 161 penetrating the bottle cap 11. A spherical electrode 42 is provided at the end of the bottle body 1, and a threaded extension tube 45 is provided between the circumference of the spherical electrode 42 and the bottle cap 11. The threaded extension tube 45 is sealed to the bottle cap 11. Specifically, a special ceramic and metal welding process is used for sealing welding, which has been applied in related high-voltage electrical fields and is existing technology. Specifically, the adjustable threaded rod 161, the spherical electrode 42, and the threaded extension tube 45 are all conductors. The threaded extension tube 45 can have a certain elasticity. By adjusting the movable length of the adjustable threaded rod 161 in the threaded extension tube 45, the position of the spherical electrode 42 can be changed, thereby adjusting the distance between the spherical electrode 42 and the valve plate for voltage transformation adaptation. The spherical electrode 42 can promote discharge at its end.

[0028] Specifically, the moving mechanism includes an adjustable bearing 16, which is placed on the outer plane of the bottle cap 11 and the bottle body 1 by an adjustable threaded rod 161. The adjustable bearing 16 drives the linear guide disk 162 to rotate, and the central axis of the linear guide disk 162 is threadedly connected to the middle of the adjustable threaded rod 161.

[0029] Beneficially, the end of the adjustable threaded rod 161 away from the spherical electrode 42 is provided with a top terminal 14 for easy connection.

[0030] Beneficially, the adjustable threaded rod 161 is also provided with a shielding sleeve 41 at the inner end of the bottle body 1. Due to the special structure of the threaded extension tube 45, there are many sharp points on the periphery, which are very easy to discharge and affect the voltage equalization effect. The shielding sleeve 41 is provided on the periphery of the threaded extension tube 45 so that the shielding sleeve 41 has a barrel-shaped structure, which eliminates the tip discharge effect under the high voltage electric field. The bottom axis of the shielding sleeve 41 is connected to the maximum periphery of the spherical electrode 42, and the shielding sleeve 41 is equipotentially connected to the movable electrode.

[0031] Beneficially, the bottle cap 11 on the active electrode is provided with an isolation tube 43 on the side near the inner cavity of the bottle body 1. The shielding sleeve 41 wraps around and fits the isolation tube 43 to guide the axial movement of the shielding sleeve 41 and prevent the threaded extension tube 45 from being exposed to the inner cavity of the bottle body 1. The isolation tube 43 is provided with at least one set of pressure equalization guide grooves 44 connecting the inner cavity of the shielding sleeve 41 and the sealed gas chamber, so as to avoid the pressure reduction between the shielding sleeve 41 and the isolation tube 43 due to relative movement, which would affect the pressure equalization effect.

[0032] Beneficially, the shielding sleeve 41, the isolation tube 43 and the threaded extension tube 45 are spaced equally around their perimeters, which facilitates the formation of a uniform pressure field.

[0033] Working principle of this invention: First, adjust the length of the adjusting threaded rod 161 entering the inner cavity of the bottle body 1. The length affects the distance between the spherical electrode 42 and the insulating valve plate 3. Specifically, rotating the adjusting bearing 16 drives the linear guide disk 162 to rotate. Since the linear guide disk 162 meshes with the adjusting threaded rod 161, and the adjusting threaded rod 161 is connected to the spherical electrode 42 and fixed to the threaded extension tube 45, and the threaded extension tube 45 is made of metal and can only be extended or shortened axially, the length of the adjusting threaded rod 161 entering the inner cavity of the bottle body 1 can be controlled by the linear guide disk 162, without affecting the inner cavity of the bottle body 1. The airtightness of the body ensures that the lifespan of the insulating valve plate 3 is not affected, and the function of adjusting the discharge gap is realized. At the same time, since the wrinkles of the threaded extension tube 45 increase the probability of partial discharge under high pressure, the discharge capability of the threaded extension tube 45 is isolated by setting the shielding sleeve 41, which can reduce the occurrence of the above problems and protect the safety of the overall structure. At the same time, the isolation tube 43 and the pressure equalization air guide groove 44 are provided to completely seal the extended threaded extension tube 45, and at the same time prevent the relative movement of the isolation tube 43 and the shielding sleeve 41 from causing the air pressure in the inner cavity of the two to decrease, thus affecting the discharge capability.

[0034] In use, the pressing disc 51 can be placed at the end of the pressing disc in advance and then supported by the fixing pin 52. It is beneficial that the positioning inclined plate 21 can be set as an inclined plate that is axially deflected by the column of the placed insulating valve plate 3. When placed, the position of the insulating valve plate 3 is corrected by the fit of the inclined plate, reducing the gap between the relative insulating valve plates 3 and improving the manufacturing level of the equipment. The pressing spring 153 at the end away from the pressing disc can also tightly press the insulating valve plate 3 to reduce the gap between them and improve the conductivity.

[0035] The device has a simple structure and effectively solves the fatal defects of traditional rubber dynamic seals such as O-rings that are prone to aging and wear through the physical isolation of the threaded extension tube 45. At the same time, it is not affected by changes in the external environment.

[0036] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0037] The above description is merely an example and illustration of the structure of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described, or use similar methods to replace them, as long as they do not deviate from the structure of the invention or exceed the scope defined in the claims, all of which should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-voltage surge arrester with an adjustable discharge gap, characterized in that: Includes a bottle body (1), with several skirts (13) provided around the bottle body (1), and a sealed gas chamber filled with insulating gas placed inside the bottle body (1); A fixed valve plate assembly is disposed at the lower part of the bottle body (1); An adjustable valve plate assembly is located on the upper part of the bottle body (1). The adjustable valve plate assembly includes a movable electrode and a movable mechanism that drives the movable electrode. The movable mechanism drives the movable electrode to move axially into the sealed gas chamber to change the discharge gap. An insulating valve plate (3) is provided with multiple sets of axially oriented valve plate columns, which are axially positioned between the fixed valve plate assembly and the adjustable valve plate assembly by a fixing mechanism.

2. The high-voltage surge arrester with adjustable discharge gap according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing mechanism includes multiple sets of positioning inclined plates (21), which are evenly distributed around the valve plates. Each set of positioning inclined plates (21) has a limiting structure at one end of the valve plate column near the adjustable valve plate assembly to prevent the valve plate column from abutting the adjustable valve plate assembly.

3. The high-voltage surge arrester with adjustable discharge gap according to claim 2, characterized in that: The limiting structure includes a disc-shaped pressing disc (51), which is through in the middle. The flared part of the pressing disc (51) fits against the plane of the insulating valve plate (3) which is close to it. The positioning inclined plate (21) has a countersunk groove at the end near the pressing disc (51). The countersunk groove has a fixing pin (52) inside it. The fixing pin (52) abuts against the arc-shaped surface of the pressing disc (51) at an angle.

4. The high-voltage surge arrester with adjustable discharge gap according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed valve plate assembly includes a bottle cap (11) that connects to the bottle body (1) and an abutment piece (151) in the middle of the bottle cap (11). The abutment piece (151) has a bottom terminal (15) that passes through the bottle cap (11) on its central axis. The abutment piece (151) has a placement tube (152) at one end facing the valve plate post. A compression spring (153) is placed in the inner cavity of the placement tube (152) between the abutment piece (151) and the valve plate post.

5. The high-voltage surge arrester with adjustable discharge gap according to claim 1, characterized in that: The active electrode includes a bottle cap (11) that seals the bottle body (1) and an adjustable threaded rod (161) that passes through the bottle cap (11). The end of the adjustable threaded rod (161) located in the inner cavity of the bottle body (1) is provided with a spherical electrode (42). A threaded extension tube (45) is provided between the circumference of the spherical electrode (42) and the bottle cap (11).

6. The high-voltage surge arrester with adjustable discharge gap according to claim 5, characterized in that: The movable mechanism includes an adjustable bearing (16), which is disposed on the outer plane of the bottle cap (11) and the bottle body (1) by an adjustable threaded rod (161). The adjustable bearing (16) drives the linear guide disk (162) to rotate. The central axis of the linear guide disk (162) is threadedly connected to the middle of the adjustable threaded rod (161).

7. The high-voltage surge arrester with adjustable discharge gap according to claim 6, characterized in that: The end of the adjustable threaded rod (161) away from the spherical electrode (42) is provided with a top terminal (14).

8. The high-voltage surge arrester with adjustable discharge gap according to claim 7, characterized in that: The adjustable threaded rod (161) is also provided with a shielding sleeve (41) at the inner end of the bottle body (1). The shielding sleeve (41) has a barrel-shaped structure. The bottom axis of the shielding sleeve (41) is connected to the maximum circumference of the spherical electrode (42). The shielding sleeve (41) is equipotentially connected to the movable electrode.

9. The high-voltage surge arrester with adjustable discharge gap according to claim 8, characterized in that: The bottle cap (11) on the active electrode is provided with an isolation tube (43) on the side near the inner cavity of the bottle body (1). The shielding sleeve (41) wraps around and fits the isolation tube (43). The isolation tube (43) is provided with at least one set of pressure equalization gas guide grooves (44) connecting the inner cavity of the shielding sleeve (41) and the sealed gas chamber.

10. The high-voltage surge arrester with adjustable discharge gap according to claim 9, characterized in that: The circumferential distance between the shielding sleeve (41), the isolation tube (43), and the threaded extension tube (45) is equal.

Images