Energy storage low voltage cabinet

Abstract

An embodiment of the present invention provides an energy storage low-voltage switchgear, comprising: a cabinet; a main circuit breaker disposed within the cabinet, wherein the main circuit breaker has an input-side copper busbar and an output-side copper busbar at both ends in a first direction of the cabinet, the input-side copper busbar being used to connect to battery cables, and the output-side copper busbar being used to connect to a main transformer; an auxiliary transformer disposed within the cabinet, and the auxiliary transformer being located below the main circuit breaker in the height direction, one end of the auxiliary transformer being connected to the output-side copper busbar; and a miniature circuit breaker disposed within the cabinet, and the miniature circuit breaker being located on the side of the main circuit breaker away from the auxiliary transformer, the miniature circuit breaker being electrically connected to the auxiliary transformer, and the miniature circuit breaker being used to connect multiple electrical loads. In the technical solution of the present invention, the originally separately set frame circuit breaker cabinet and low-voltage distribution cabinet are integrated into a single cabinet, forming an integrated structure of main circuit protection, auxiliary power supply, and load power distribution within the cabinet.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of energy storage technology, and more specifically, to a low-voltage energy storage switchgear. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, in order to enable the switching of the main circuit and the supply of power to the low-voltage equipment in the storage compartment, the relevant technologies use separate frame circuit breaker cabinets and low-voltage distribution cabinets. The frame circuit breaker cabinets and low-voltage distribution cabinets occupy installation space, making the equipment layout in the energy storage compartment relatively dispersed, which is not conducive to the miniaturization and compactness of the overall layout of the energy storage compartment. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to at least solve the technical problems of excessive number of cabinets and poor integration in the prior art or related technologies.

[0004] In view of this, embodiments of the present invention provide an energy storage low-voltage switchgear.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, embodiments of the present invention provide an energy storage low-voltage switchgear, comprising: a cabinet; a main circuit breaker disposed within the cabinet, wherein the main circuit breaker has an input-side copper busbar and an output-side copper busbar at both ends in a first direction of the cabinet, the input-side copper busbar being used to connect to battery cables, and the output-side copper busbar being used to connect to a main transformer; an auxiliary transformer disposed within the cabinet, and the auxiliary transformer being located below the main circuit breaker in the height direction, one end of the auxiliary transformer being connected to the output-side copper busbar; and a miniature circuit breaker disposed within the cabinet, and the miniature circuit breaker being located on the side of the main circuit breaker away from the auxiliary transformer, the miniature circuit breaker being electrically connected to the auxiliary transformer, and the miniature circuit breaker being used to connect multiple electrical loads.

[0006] The energy storage low-voltage switchgear proposed according to the present invention includes a cabinet, a main circuit breaker, an input-side copper busbar, an output-side copper busbar, an auxiliary transformer, and a miniature circuit breaker. It integrates the originally separate frame circuit breaker cabinet and low-voltage distribution cabinet into a single cabinet, forming an integrated structure for main circuit protection, auxiliary power supply, and load power distribution within the cabinet. The auxiliary power supply branch is led out from the main circuit, converted by the auxiliary transformer, and then mutually redundantly supplied to the station's auxiliary power supply via a dual-power transfer switch. This reduces the number of cabinets and the space occupied, while improving the system's power supply reliability and integration.

[0007] The energy storage low-voltage switchgear integrates the main circuit breaker, input-side copper busbar, output-side copper busbar, auxiliary transformer, and miniature circuit breaker into a single cabinet. This allows for battery cable connection, main circuit protection, main transformer connection, auxiliary power conversion, and power distribution protection for multiple electrical loads all within the same cabinet. The input-side and output-side copper busbars are located at opposite ends of the main circuit breaker in the first direction within the cabinet, ensuring clear main circuit input and output lines, short paths, and ease of maintenance. The auxiliary transformer is located below the main circuit breaker in the height direction, lowering the cabinet's center of gravity and improving stability. One end of the auxiliary transformer is connected to the output-side copper busbar, allowing auxiliary power to be drawn directly from the main circuit output side, reducing external wiring. The miniature circuit breaker is located on the side of the main circuit breaker furthest from the auxiliary transformer and is electrically connected to it. It connects multiple electrical loads, enabling centralized power distribution and branch protection for multiple load branches within the same cabinet. Therefore, the energy storage low-voltage switchgear achieves a comprehensive technical advantage of compact structure, simplified wiring, reduced cost, improved reliability, and convenient maintenance.

[0008] In some technical solutions, the energy storage low-voltage switchgear may optionally include: a dual power transfer switch, one input terminal of which is electrically connected to the output terminal of the auxiliary transformer, and the other input terminal of which is used to connect to the station's auxiliary power supply.

[0009] In this technical solution, by electrically connecting one input terminal to the output terminal of the auxiliary transformer and the other input terminal to the substation auxiliary power supply, the energy storage low-voltage switchgear forms a dual-auxiliary power supply structure consisting of the auxiliary transformer output power supply and the substation auxiliary power supply. This improves the power supply continuity and operational reliability of the downstream miniature circuit breakers and multiple electrical loads without altering the basic layout of the main circuit breaker, input-side copper busbar, output-side copper busbar, auxiliary transformer, and miniature circuit breaker. Furthermore, it enhances the integrated power distribution capability, safety, and ease of operation and maintenance of the energy storage low-voltage switchgear.

[0010] In some technical solutions, the energy storage low-voltage switchgear may optionally include: a station circuit breaker, with the other input terminal of the dual power transfer switch connected to the station auxiliary power supply via the station circuit breaker; wherein the station circuit breaker is located on one side of the dual power transfer switch in the first direction.

[0011] In this technical solution, the auxiliary power supply to the power station is controlled and connected to the other input terminal of the dual-power transfer switch via a power station circuit breaker. This enables the auxiliary power supply branch to have independent protection, isolation, and operation capabilities, reducing the impact of auxiliary power supply branch faults on the dual-power transfer switch and multiple downstream electrical loads. Simultaneously, the power station circuit breaker is located on the first side of the dual-power transfer switch, making the electrical connection between the two shorter and clearer, reducing cable crossings and wiring complexity within the cabinet, and improving the convenience of on-site wiring, commissioning, fault diagnosis, and maintenance. Together with the auxiliary transformer, dual-power transfer switch, and miniature circuit breaker, the energy storage low-voltage cabinet forms an integrated auxiliary power distribution structure with main circuit power supply and mutual backup of the auxiliary power supply, and independent protection capabilities for the auxiliary power supply branch.

[0012] In some technical solutions, the energy storage low-voltage switchgear may optionally include: a fuse disconnect switch, which is located in the circuit between the output copper busbar and the auxiliary transformer, and the fuse disconnect switch is located below the output copper busbar in the height direction; wherein, the fuse disconnect switch and the station circuit breaker are located on both sides of the dual power transfer switch in the first direction.

[0013] In this technical solution, a fuse disconnect switch is installed on the circuit between the output-side copper busbar and the auxiliary transformer, enabling the output side of the auxiliary transformer to have independent short-circuit protection, overload protection, and maintenance isolation functions. The fuse disconnect switch is located below the output-side copper busbar in the vertical direction, allowing the circuit to be led down a short path from the output-side copper busbar, reducing the length of windings and unprotected conductors, and coordinating with the lower position of the auxiliary transformer. Furthermore, the fuse disconnect switch and the station circuit breaker are located on both sides of the dual-power input switch in the first direction, allowing the auxiliary transformer power supply branch and the station auxiliary power supply branch to form inputs from both sides of the dual-power input switch, reducing the risk of crossover and wiring congestion between the two power cables. This improves the protection integrity, spatial layout rationality, wiring clarity, and operation and maintenance safety of the dual-power input structure in the energy storage low-voltage cabinet.

[0014] In some technical solutions, the energy storage low-voltage switchgear optionally includes: an output terminal block electrically connected to a miniature circuit breaker, which connects multiple electrical loads through the output terminal block.

[0015] In this technical solution, the miniature circuit breaker connects multiple electrical loads via output terminal blocks, transforming the load outgoing lines of the energy storage low-voltage cabinet from direct wiring to a terminalized, modular, and labeled wiring method. This structure reduces wiring clutter caused by directly connecting multiple electrical load cables to the miniature circuit breaker, lowers on-site construction difficulty, and improves the convenience of circuit identification, fault diagnosis, and load replacement. Simultaneously, the output terminal blocks are electrically connected to the miniature circuit breaker, allowing the miniature circuit breaker to still provide branch protection for multiple electrical loads, while the output terminal blocks serve as standardized external wiring interfaces. This further improves the assembly consistency, wiring reliability, operation and maintenance convenience, and adaptability to various types of electrical loads in the energy storage low-voltage cabinet.

[0016] In some technical solutions, optionally, the energy storage low-voltage switchgear includes: an emergency power supply module, which is located inside the cabinet and positioned vertically between the auxiliary transformer and the main circuit breaker. The emergency power supply module is connected to at least one electrical load.

[0017] In this technical solution, the energy storage low-voltage cabinet can not only form conventional auxiliary power distribution and dual power supply backup through auxiliary transformers and station auxiliary power supplies, but also provide backup power to at least one electrical load through an emergency power supply module. The emergency power supply module is located inside the cabinet, integrating the emergency power supply function with the main circuit protection, auxiliary transformer, and load distribution functions into the same cabinet, reducing the need for external emergency power supply equipment. The emergency power supply module is positioned vertically between the auxiliary transformer and the main circuit breaker, making full use of the intermediate space within the cabinet while considering wiring distance, center of gravity stability, heat dissipation, and maintenance convenience. The emergency power supply module is connected to at least one electrical load, ensuring that critical electrical loads continue to operate even when the conventional power supply is abnormal.

[0018] In some technical solutions, optionally, the energy storage low-voltage switchgear includes: a power module, which is located inside the cabinet, and the power module is located on the side of the main circuit breaker away from the auxiliary transformer in the height direction, and the power module is connected to at least one electrical load.

[0019] In this technical solution, the energy storage low-voltage cabinet can further realize power conversion, voltage stabilization, isolation, or DC output functions within the same cabinet. The power module is located inside the cabinet, reducing external power conversion equipment and cross-cabinet wiring. The power module is positioned vertically on the side of the main circuit breaker furthest from the auxiliary transformer, away from the heavier and heat-generating auxiliary transformer, and close to the miniature circuit breaker, output terminal block, or control distribution area, facilitating wiring, heat dissipation, observation, and maintenance. The power module is connected to at least one electrical load, enabling the energy storage low-voltage cabinet to provide stable power to control, communication, monitoring, or other specific voltage-requirement loads. This improves the adaptability of the energy storage low-voltage cabinet to various types of electrical loads, enhances power supply stability, increases cabinet integration, and improves operation and maintenance convenience.

[0020] In some technical solutions, the energy storage low-voltage switchgear may optionally include: a temperature switch located in the auxiliary transformer; a fan located inside the cabinet, with the fan positioned opposite to the auxiliary transformer; and an intermediate relay located inside the cabinet, with the coil of the intermediate relay connected to the temperature switch and the intermediate relay electrically connected to the fan to control the operation of the fan.

[0021] In this technical solution, the energy storage low-voltage switchgear can automatically control the operation of the fan based on the temperature status of the auxiliary transformer. A temperature switch is located on the auxiliary transformer, ensuring the temperature detection point directly corresponds to the transformer's heat source. The fan is housed within the switchgear and positioned opposite the auxiliary transformer, allowing the airflow generated by the fan to effectively act on the transformer, improving heat dissipation efficiency. The coil of an intermediate relay is connected to the temperature switch, and the intermediate relay is electrically connected to the fan to control its operation. This allows the temperature switch to indirectly control the fan via the relay, avoiding the temperature switch directly carrying the fan current and improving the reliability of the control circuit. Therefore, it reduces the temperature rise of the auxiliary transformer, delays insulation aging, reduces the risk of thermal failures, and further improves the operational safety, stability, and service life of the energy storage low-voltage switchgear.

[0022] In some technical solutions, the energy storage low-voltage cabinet may optionally include a battery management system protection board, which is located inside the cabinet. The battery management system protection board is positioned between the auxiliary transformer and the main circuit breaker in the height direction, and is located away from the output side copper busbar in the first direction.

[0023] In this technical solution, the low-voltage energy storage cabinet provides centralized installation, connection, protection, isolation, and status indication functions for the battery management system (BMS) related circuits within the cabinet. The BMS protection board is located inside the cabinet, reducing the need for external BMS protection boxes or junction boxes and improving cabinet integration. The BMS protection board is positioned vertically between the auxiliary transformer and the main circuit breaker, making full use of the space within the cabinet while considering wiring convenience, maintenance height, and installation stability. The BMS protection board is positioned away from the output-side copper busbar in the first direction, keeping it away from high-current conductors on the main circuit output side, reducing electromagnetic interference, thermal effects, and the risk of cross-contamination between strong and weak currents. Therefore, the reliability, safety, anti-interference capability, and ease of operation and maintenance of the BMS related circuits in the low-voltage energy storage cabinet are improved.

[0024] In some technical solutions, the energy storage low-voltage cabinet may optionally include: a switch, located inside the cabinet, which is communicatively connected to the battery management system protection board. The switch is located on the side of the main circuit breaker away from the auxiliary transformer in the height direction and is used for external communication; and a door, which is movably connected to the cabinet. The door is equipped with a protection and control device, which is communicatively connected to the switch.

[0025] In this technical solution, the energy storage low-voltage cabinet can form a complete internal communication aggregation, external communication, and local measurement and control display structure. The switch is located inside the cabinet and communicates with the battery management system protection board, enabling battery management system information to access the internal communication network. The switch is positioned vertically on the side of the main circuit breaker furthest from the auxiliary transformer, away from the heat source and electromagnetic interference of the auxiliary transformer, and close to the low-voltage control area for easy communication cabling. The switch is used for external communication, allowing information from inside the cabinet to be uploaded to external monitoring systems or the energy management system of the energy storage power station. The door is movably connected to the cabinet, providing both protection and maintenance access. The door is equipped with protection and control devices, allowing maintenance personnel to view the status and perform local operations from outside the cabinet. These protection and control devices communicate with the switch, enabling data exchange with the battery management system protection board and external systems. This significantly improves the communication integration, operational visualization, remote monitoring capabilities, on-site operation convenience, and intelligent operation and maintenance level of the energy storage low-voltage cabinet.

[0026] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will become apparent in the following description or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage low-voltage switchgear according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0028] Figure 2A schematic diagram of a low-voltage energy storage cabinet located in a container scenario according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0029] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the primary circuit structure of an energy storage low-voltage switchgear according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0030] Among them, 1: Energy storage low-voltage cabinet; 11: Cabinet body; 12: Main circuit breaker; 121: Input side copper busbar; 122: Output side copper busbar; 13: Auxiliary transformer; 14: Miniature circuit breaker; 15: Dual power transfer switch; 16: Station circuit breaker; 17: Fuse disconnect switch; 18: Output terminal block; 19: Emergency power supply module; 20: Power module; 21: Temperature switch; 22: Fan; 23: Intermediate relay; 24: Battery management system protection board; 25: Switch; 26: Door; 261: Protection and control device. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To better understand the above-described objectives, features, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention, the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in these embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0032] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of this application. However, embodiments of the invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0033] In existing energy storage systems, two separate cabinets are typically required between the battery compartment and the step-up transformer: a frame circuit breaker cabinet and a low-voltage distribution cabinet. The frame circuit breaker cabinet primarily handles the switching and protection between the battery side and the main transformer side, while the low-voltage distribution cabinet distributes power to various loads within the energy storage compartment (such as air conditioners, fans, lighting, and control systems). This separate arrangement presents several problems: first, it occupies a large space, hindering the compactness of the overall layout within the energy storage compartment; second, it leads to complex wiring and long cable runs, increasing costs and construction difficulty; and third, it results in fragmented functions, with control, protection, and communication equipment scattered, hindering system integration and operation and maintenance management.

[0034] The following reference Figures 1 to 3 Some embodiments of the present invention are described.

[0035] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, this embodiment provides an energy storage low-voltage cabinet 1, including a cabinet body 11, a main circuit breaker 12, an input-side copper busbar 121, an output-side copper busbar 122, an auxiliary transformer 13, and a miniature circuit breaker 14. The cabinet body 11 serves as the mounting base for all electrical components, and the main circuit breaker 12, input-side copper busbar 121, output-side copper busbar 122, auxiliary transformer 13, and miniature circuit breaker 14 are all housed within the cabinet body 11. Through this arrangement, the main circuit protection function, main circuit incoming and outgoing line function, auxiliary power conversion function, and power distribution protection function for multiple electrical loads, which might otherwise be separately located in the frame circuit breaker cabinet and low-voltage distribution cabinet in the energy storage system, can be integrated into the same cabinet body 11. This reduces the number of cabinet bodies 11, decreases the space occupied by equipment within the energy storage compartment, shortens the wiring distance between cabinets, and improves the overall integration and maintenance convenience of the energy storage low-voltage cabinet 1.

[0036] It is understandable that the originally separate frame circuit breaker cabinet and low-voltage distribution cabinet are integrated into a single cabinet 11, forming an integrated structure for main circuit protection, auxiliary power supply, and load power distribution within the cabinet 11. The auxiliary power supply branch is drawn from the main circuit, converted by the auxiliary transformer 13, and then mutually redundantly supplied to the station's auxiliary power supply via a dual power transfer switch 15. This reduces the number of cabinets 11 and the space they occupy while improving the system's power supply reliability and integration.

[0037] In one specific embodiment, the cabinet 11 can be a metal enclosed cabinet, such as a cold-rolled steel plate cabinet, an aluminum-zinc coated plate cabinet, a stainless steel cabinet, or other cabinets that meet the strength and protection requirements of low-voltage complete sets of equipment. The cabinet 11 may be equipped with a front door, rear door, side panels, a top plate, a bottom plate, mounting beams, mounting plates, insulating supports, cable trays, grounding bars, and cable inlet / outlet holes. The protection level of the cabinet 11 can be selected according to the environment inside the energy storage compartment, such as IP20, IP30, IP31, IP40, or other suitable levels. The cabinet 11 can be divided into a main circuit area, an auxiliary transformer area, and a load distribution area according to functional zones. By centrally installing and mechanically protecting the above components through the cabinet 11, the energy storage low-voltage cabinet 1 can form a complete low-voltage electrical unit, facilitating overall transportation, on-site hoisting, installation and fixing, wiring and commissioning, and subsequent maintenance.

[0038] The main circuit breaker 12 is housed within the cabinet 11. The main circuit breaker 12 has an input-side copper busbar 121 and an output-side copper busbar 122 at opposite ends of the main circuit breaker 12 along the first direction. That is, the input-side copper busbar 121 and the output-side copper busbar 122 are located at opposite ends of the main circuit breaker 12 along the first direction, placing the main circuit breaker 12 on the electrical path between the battery cables and the main transformer. The main circuit breaker 12 can be a frame circuit breaker or a molded case circuit breaker, depending on the energy storage system capacity, rated current, short-circuit breaking capacity, protection functions, and installation space. For example, in a large-capacity energy storage system, the main circuit breaker 12 can be a drawer-type frame circuit breaker or a fixed frame circuit breaker; in a smaller capacity or more compact energy storage system, the main circuit breaker 12 can be a molded case circuit breaker. The main circuit breaker 12 may have one or more functions, including overload protection, short circuit protection, undervoltage protection, shunt trip, auxiliary contacts, communication module, or electric operating mechanism. By placing the main circuit breaker 12 inside the cabinet 11, the energy storage low-voltage cabinet 1 can have its own main circuit switching and protection capabilities, avoiding the need for a separate independent circuit breaker cabinet, thereby reducing the number of cabinets 11 and reducing the complexity of inter-cabinet connections.

[0039] The input-side copper busbar 121 is used to connect to the battery cables. Specifically, the battery cables can enter the cabinet 11 from the bottom, side, or back of the cabinet 11 and connect to the input-side copper busbar 121 via bolt crimping, copper lug connection, busbar overlap, or adapter busbar. The input-side copper busbar 121 can be a copper busbar, tin-plated copper busbar, insulated copper busbar, laminated busbar, or other conductive busbars with corresponding current-carrying capacity. The input-side copper busbar 121 can include phase A, phase B, phase C, and N or PE busbars, and can also be configured as a positive copper busbar, negative copper busbar, and grounding busbar depending on the DC energy storage system. The input-side copper busbar 121 is used to receive electrical energy from the battery cables and send the electrical energy to the main circuit breaker 12. Because the input-side copper busbar 121 has high current-carrying capacity and good mechanical strength, it can improve the reliability of the main circuit connection on the battery side, reduce the risk of poor contact in high-current circuits, and facilitate the connection of multiple battery cables.

[0040] The output-side copper busbar 122 is used to connect to the main transformer. Specifically, the output-side copper busbar 122 can be connected to the low-voltage side of the main transformer via outgoing cables, flexible copper busbars, rigid copper busbars, busbar trunking, or transition terminals. The output-side copper busbar 122 can also be a copper busbar, tin-plated copper busbar, insulated copper busbar, or laminated busbar. The output-side copper busbar 122 receives the main circuit power after passing through the main circuit circuit breaker 12 and delivers the power to the main transformer. Thus, battery-side power can be sequentially delivered to the main transformer via the input-side copper busbar 121, the main circuit circuit breaker 12, and the output-side copper busbar 122. This connection clearly separates the incoming and outgoing terminals of the main circuit, reduces conductor crossing in the main circuit, facilitates on-site wiring identification, and helps maintenance personnel quickly determine the electrical relationships between the battery side, the circuit breaker side, and the main transformer side.

[0041] The auxiliary transformer 13 is located inside the cabinet 11, and is positioned below the main circuit breaker 12 in the vertical direction. The auxiliary transformer 13 can be a dry-type transformer, control transformer, isolation transformer, three-phase auxiliary transformer, or single-phase auxiliary transformer. The capacity of the auxiliary transformer 13 can be determined according to the electrical load capacity; for example, 1kVA, 3kVA, 5kVA, 10kVA, 20kVA, or other capacity specifications can be selected. The input voltage of the auxiliary transformer 13 can be compatible with the voltage level of the input copper busbar 121, and the output voltage can be AC220V, AC230V, AC380V, AC400V, AC110V, or other power frequency voltages suitable for the electrical load. The auxiliary transformer 13 can adopt Dyn11, Yyn0, DYn11, or other connection groups; when a suitable auxiliary power distribution configuration for a TN-S grounding system is required, the auxiliary transformer 13 can adopt the Dyn11 connection group. By placing the auxiliary transformer 13 inside the cabinet 11, the auxiliary power conversion function can be integrated into the energy storage low-voltage cabinet 1, reducing the need for an external auxiliary transformer 13 cabinet or external auxiliary power conversion equipment.

[0042] The auxiliary transformer 13 is located below the main circuit breaker in the height direction, mainly considering factors such as the larger weight of the auxiliary transformer 13, its significant heat generation, and the optimization of the wiring path. Since the auxiliary transformer 13 is typically heavier than the miniature circuit breaker 14, control devices, and terminal blocks, placing it below the main circuit breaker 12 lowers the overall center of gravity of the cabinet 11, improving its stability during transportation, hoisting, placement, and operation, and reducing the risk of tilting or swaying. Simultaneously, with the auxiliary transformer 13 positioned lower, its mounting support structure can more easily bear the weight, and the bottom of the cabinet 11 is easier to install reinforcing beams, bases, or vibration damping pads. It also allows for a clearer functional hierarchy within the cabinet 11: the main circuit breaker 12 and copper busbar area are located in a relatively central position, the auxiliary transformer 13 area is located at the bottom, and the miniature circuit breaker 14 and other power distribution components are located on the side furthest from the auxiliary transformer 13, thereby improving the utilization of internal space and ease of assembly.

[0043] One end of the auxiliary transformer 13 is connected to the output copper busbar 122. Specifically, one end of the auxiliary transformer 13 can be its input end, which is connected to the output copper busbar 122 via a cable, copper busbar, flexible connector, or wire. Protection and isolation components, such as a fuse disconnect switch 17, a disconnector, a fuse, a molded case circuit breaker, or a miniature circuit breaker, can also be installed in the connection path to provide short-circuit protection, overload protection, or maintenance isolation for the input side of the auxiliary transformer 13. Connecting one end of the auxiliary transformer 13 to the output copper busbar 122 allows the auxiliary transformer 13 to obtain power from the main circuit output side without requiring a long auxiliary power cable to be introduced from outside the cabinet. This reduces the number of external wiring connections, shortens the auxiliary power supply path, reduces cable costs and construction complexity, and establishes a clear electrical connection between the main circuit and the auxiliary power supply circuit within the same cabinet 11.

[0044] The miniature circuit breaker 14 is housed within the cabinet 11, and is positioned on the side of the main circuit breaker 12 furthest from the auxiliary transformer 13. The miniature circuit breaker 14 can be a single-pole, two-pole, three-pole, or four-pole miniature circuit breaker. It can also be selected based on the load type, including miniature circuit breakers with residual current protection, auxiliary contacts, or remote opening and closing functions. The miniature circuit breaker 14 can be mounted on a DIN rail, such as a standard DIN rail, or on a distribution mounting plate. Because the miniature circuit breaker 14 is typically small, lightweight, and has a large number of outgoing lines, positioning it on the side of the main circuit breaker 12 furthest from the auxiliary transformer 13 allows for separate arrangement of lightweight distribution components and heavy-duty auxiliary transformers, reducing mutual interference in installation, heat dissipation, and maintenance space.

[0045] The miniature circuit breaker 14 is located on the side of the main circuit breaker 12 away from the auxiliary transformer 13, which makes the main circuit area, auxiliary transformer area, and load distribution area within the cabinet 11 clearer. Specifically, the auxiliary transformer 13 is located below the main circuit breaker 12 in the height direction, and the miniature circuit breaker 14 is located on the side of the main circuit breaker 12 away from the auxiliary transformer 13. This creates a layout where heavy components are located at the bottom, main circuit components are in the center, and light distribution components are away from heavy components, which helps to lower the center of gravity of the cabinet 11 and provides sufficient wiring space for the miniature circuit breaker 14 to connect multiple electrical loads. Since the branch cables of multiple electrical loads are usually numerous and relatively small in diameter, placing the miniature circuit breaker 14 on a relatively independent side away from the auxiliary transformer 13 can reduce the crossing between small cables and high-current copper busbars and the incoming and outgoing lines of the auxiliary transformer 13, improve the clarity of wiring within the cabinet, and facilitate later circuit identification and fault diagnosis.

[0046] The miniature circuit breaker 14 is electrically connected to the auxiliary transformer 13. Specifically, the output terminal of the auxiliary transformer 13 can be connected to the input terminal of the miniature circuit breaker 14 via wires, busbars, terminal blocks, branch terminals, distribution busbars, or DIN rail busbars. The power output from the auxiliary transformer 13 is distributed to multiple electrical loads after passing through the miniature circuit breaker 14. Depending on different load requirements, devices such as a dual power transfer switch 15, UPS, power module 20, contactor, intermediate relay 23, surge protector, or terminal block can also be installed between the auxiliary transformer 13 and the miniature circuit breaker 14. The electrical connection between the miniature circuit breaker 14 and the auxiliary transformer 13 allows the power after voltage conversion by the auxiliary transformer 13 to enter the load distribution circuit, thereby forming a power supply link within the cabinet 11 from the auxiliary transformer 13 to the miniature circuit breaker 14 and then to multiple electrical loads.

[0047] Miniature circuit breakers 14 are used to connect multiple electrical loads. These loads may include lighting in the energy storage compartment, maintenance sockets, fans 22, air conditioners, liquid chillers, fire-fighting equipment, monitoring equipment, access control equipment, communication equipment, BMS, sensors, power modules 20, heaters, dehumidifiers, control circuit power supplies, or other low-voltage auxiliary electrical equipment. Miniature circuit breakers 14 can be configured with separate circuits according to load type or load importance. For example, a lighting circuit can correspond to one miniature circuit breaker 14, a fan 22 circuit can correspond to one miniature circuit breaker 14, an air conditioning or liquid chiller control circuit can correspond to one miniature circuit breaker 14, a communication equipment circuit can correspond to one miniature circuit breaker 14, and a control power supply circuit can correspond to one miniature circuit breaker 14. By providing separate protection for multiple electrical loads through miniature circuit breakers 14, when a short circuit, overload, or maintenance requires power disconnection for one electrical load, only the corresponding branch can be disconnected without affecting the normal operation of other branches, thereby improving the reliability and maintenance convenience of the auxiliary power distribution system.

[0048] In this embodiment, the main circuit is first connected to the input-side copper busbar 121 via the battery cable. The input-side copper busbar 121 introduces the electrical energy input from the battery cable into the main circuit breaker 12. When the main circuit breaker 12 is in the closed state, the electrical energy flows through the main circuit breaker 12 to the output-side copper busbar 122, and is connected to the main transformer through the output-side copper busbar 122. The energy storage low-voltage cabinet 1 can complete the main circuit connection, disconnection, and protection between the battery side and the main transformer within the same cabinet 11. The main circuit path is clear, the current transmission path is short, and the connection relationship between the input-side copper busbar 121, the main circuit breaker 12, and the output-side copper busbar 122 is clear, which helps to reduce the probability of main circuit wiring errors and improve the operational reliability of the main circuit.

[0049] During auxiliary power supply, one end of the auxiliary transformer 13 is connected to the output copper busbar 122 and obtains power from it. The auxiliary transformer 13 performs voltage conversion on the obtained power, and the converted power is then sent to the miniature circuit breaker 14, which is electrically connected to it. The auxiliary transformer 13 does not need to introduce power from an external source over a long distance, but directly uses the output copper busbar 122 inside the cabinet 11 as the power source, thereby shortening the auxiliary power supply input path, reducing cable usage, and simplifying on-site construction. At the same time, the auxiliary transformer 13 is located below the main circuit breaker in the height direction, allowing the auxiliary power cable to be led downwards from the input copper busbar 121, resulting in a natural wiring direction, reducing winding and crossing, and improving the neatness of the wiring inside the cabinet 11.

[0050] During load distribution, the miniature circuit breaker 14 receives power from the auxiliary transformer 13 and distributes it to multiple electrical loads. Each electrical load is connected to the miniature circuit breaker 14 through a corresponding branch. When an electrical load experiences an overload or short-circuit fault, the miniature circuit breaker 14 corresponding to that load can disconnect the branch to limit the fault range. Multiple electrical loads can be centrally powered and protected by the energy storage low-voltage cabinet 1, reducing the need for separate distribution cabinets or boxes and facilitating maintenance personnel to perform load branch opening and closing operations, fault location, and maintenance at the same cabinet 11.

[0051] The auxiliary transformer 13 is located below the main circuit breaker in the height direction, placing the heavier auxiliary transformer 13 at a lower position, which lowers the center of gravity of the cabinet 11 and improves the structural stability of the energy storage low-voltage cabinet 1. The miniature circuit breaker 14 is located on the side of the main circuit breaker 12 away from the auxiliary transformer 13, keeping the lighter miniature circuit breaker 14 with more outgoing lines spatially separated from the auxiliary transformer 13. This avoids the miniature circuit breaker 14 being affected by the size and heat dissipation of the auxiliary transformer 13, and also facilitates the arrangement of multiple outgoing lines of the miniature circuit breaker 14. The positional relationship also makes the high-current area of ​​the main circuit, the auxiliary transformer area, and the low-current distribution area relatively independent, reducing the crossing between different types of cables, improving assembly efficiency and maintenance safety.

[0052] In a further embodiment, a fuse disconnect switch 17 may be installed between the auxiliary transformer 13 and the output copper busbar 122. The fuse disconnect switch 17 may be installed above or near the output copper busbar 122, with its input terminal connected to the output copper busbar 122 and its output terminal connected to one end of the auxiliary transformer 13. The fuse disconnect switch 17 may include a knife-type fuse switch, a fuse-equipped disconnect switch, a fuse-type load disconnect switch, or a combination fuse disconnect switch. By installing the fuse disconnect switch 17, protection can be provided when a short circuit or overload occurs on the input side of the auxiliary transformer 13, and a visible disconnect point or isolation function can be provided during maintenance of the auxiliary transformer 13, thereby improving the safety of the auxiliary power supply circuit.

[0053] In another further embodiment, a dual power transfer switch 15 can be installed between the output side of the auxiliary transformer 13 and the miniature circuit breaker 14. One input terminal of the dual power transfer switch 15 is connected to the output terminal of the auxiliary transformer 13, and the other input terminal is connected to the station auxiliary power supply. The output terminal of the dual power transfer switch 15 is connected to the miniature circuit breaker 14. The dual power transfer switch 15 can be an automatic transfer switch, a manual-automatic integrated transfer switch, a PC-level dual power transfer switch, or a CB-level dual power transfer switch. By setting up a dual power transfer switch, when the auxiliary transformer 13 experiences a power supply failure, the system can switch to the station auxiliary power supply; conversely, when the station auxiliary power supply fails, the system can still be powered by the auxiliary transformer 13. This further embodiment can improve the power supply continuity for multiple electrical loads, and is particularly suitable for energy storage systems with high reliability requirements for power supply to important loads such as communication, control, fire protection, and monitoring.

[0054] In another further embodiment, the output side of the miniature circuit breaker 14 can be connected to an output terminal block 18, through which multiple electrical loads are connected to the miniature circuit breaker 14. The output terminal block 18 can be a screw-type terminal block, spring-type terminal block, pluggable terminal block, through-type terminal block, or combination terminal block. The output terminal block 18 can be equipped with circuit identification, wire number identification, or function identification. By setting the output terminal block 18 between the miniature circuit breaker 14 and multiple electrical loads, the on-site load wiring can be more standardized, facilitating the identification, testing, maintenance, and replacement of load branches, and reducing wiring congestion caused by directly connecting electrical load cables to the miniature circuit breaker 14.

[0055] In another further embodiment, a UPS and an external battery can also be installed inside the cabinet 11. The UPS and external battery can be connected to the output side of the auxiliary transformer 13, the output side of the dual power transfer switch 15, or before part of the miniature circuit breaker 14 to supply power to critical electrical loads. The UPS can include an online UPS, a standby UPS, or a line-interactive UPS, and the external battery can be a lead-acid battery, a lithium battery, or other energy storage battery. Critical electrical loads can include communication equipment, integrated protection and control device 261, BMS, monitoring equipment, or control loops. By installing a UPS and an external battery, critical electrical loads can be kept powered during momentary interruptions or switching of auxiliary power, improving the control and communication reliability of the energy storage system.

[0056] In another further embodiment, a power module 20 can also be installed inside the cabinet 11. The power module 20 can be electrically connected to the output side of the auxiliary transformer 13 or the output side of the miniature circuit breaker 14 to provide DC power to DC loads. The power module 20 may include an AC / DC power module 20, a DC / DC power module 20, a 24V DC power module 20, a 48V DC power module 20, or a redundant power module 20. The DC load may include relay coils, controllers, communication equipment, sensors, BMS, or other DC control equipment. By installing the power module 20, the conversion from AC power to DC power can be completed within the energy storage low-voltage cabinet 1, reducing the need for an external DC power supply box and improving the functional integration of the cabinet 11.

[0057] In another further embodiment, a surge protector (SPD) can also be installed inside the cabinet 11. The SPD can be connected to the power supply side via a fuse, backup protector, or dedicated circuit breaker, and then connected to the grounding busbar of the cabinet 11. The SPD can include primary surge protectors, secondary surge protectors, tertiary surge protectors, AC SPDs, DC SPDs, or signal SPDs. The SPD can be installed at the bottom of the cabinet 11 or near the grounding busbar to shorten the grounding connection path. By installing an SPD, lightning surges or operational overvoltages can be discharged, reducing the risk of surge damage to the auxiliary transformer 13, miniature circuit breaker 14, communication equipment, and control equipment.

[0058] In another further embodiment, a fan 22 and an intermediate relay 23 can be installed inside the cabinet 11. The fan 22 is controlled in conjunction with a temperature switch 21 installed on the auxiliary transformer 13 via the intermediate relay 23. The fan 22 can be an axial flow fan, a centrifugal fan, an internal circulation fan, or a filter fan. The temperature switch 21 can be a normally open temperature switch, a normally closed temperature switch, a bimetallic temperature control switch, or a temperature control switch formed by a temperature sensor and a controller. The coil side of the intermediate relay 23 can be connected to the temperature switch 21, and the contact side of the intermediate relay 23 can control the power supply of the fan 22. Through this structure, when the temperature of the auxiliary transformer 13 reaches a preset value, the temperature switch 21 activates and controls the fan 22 to start via the intermediate relay 23 to dissipate heat from the auxiliary transformer 13; when the temperature drops to the set range, the fan 22 stops or reduces its operating speed. This further embodiment can improve the heat dissipation conditions of the auxiliary transformer 13 and reduce the risk of insulation aging or failure due to excessive temperature rise.

[0059] In another further embodiment, a BMS, a switch 25, and an integrated protection and control device 261 can also be installed inside the cabinet 11. The BMS can be located near the battery cable entry side or near the battery compartment side to shorten the length of communication cables or sampling cables between the BMS and the battery system. The switch 25 can be an industrial Ethernet switch, a fiber optic switch, a ring network switch, or an unmanaged switch. The integrated protection and control device 261 can be installed on the cabinet door and can have a display screen, operation buttons, status indicator lights, communication interfaces, remote signaling, telemetry, and remote control interfaces, or protection logic functions. The BMS and the integrated protection and control device 261 can communicate with the switch 25 respectively, and communicate with external monitoring systems, energy storage management systems, or station control systems through the switch 25. Through further solutions, the energy storage low-voltage cabinet 1 can not only have electrical connection and power distribution protection functions, but also data acquisition, status monitoring, communication uploading, and control linkage capabilities, thereby improving the intelligence level of the energy storage system.

[0060] In general, the energy storage low-voltage cabinet 1 integrates the main circuit breaker 12, the input side copper busbar 121, the output side copper busbar 122, the auxiliary transformer 13, and the miniature circuit breaker 14 into the same cabinet 11, so that battery cable access, main circuit protection, main transformer connection, auxiliary power conversion, and power distribution protection of multiple electrical loads can be completed in the same low-voltage cabinet. The input-side copper busbar 121 and the output-side copper busbar 122 are respectively located at both ends of the main circuit breaker 12 in the first direction of the cabinet 11, making the main circuit input and output lines clear, the path short, and easy to maintain. The auxiliary transformer 13 is located on the lower side of the main circuit breaker in the height direction, allowing heavy components to be placed at the bottom, lowering the center of gravity of the cabinet 11 and improving stability. One end of the auxiliary transformer 13 is connected to the output-side copper busbar 122, allowing auxiliary power supply to be directly drawn from the output side of the main circuit, reducing external leads. The miniature circuit breaker 14 is located on the side of the main circuit breaker 12 away from the auxiliary transformer 13 and is electrically connected to the auxiliary transformer 13. It is used to connect multiple electrical loads, enabling multiple load branches to achieve centralized power distribution and branch protection within the same cabinet 11. Thus, the energy storage low-voltage cabinet 1 achieves a comprehensive technical effect of compact structure, simplified wiring, reduced cost, improved reliability, and convenient maintenance.

[0061] It should be added that the first direction can be the left-right direction, the front-back direction, or other directions that facilitate the arrangement of the main circuit breaker 12's incoming and outgoing lines in the cabinet 11; the height direction can be understood as the direction of the cabinet 11 from bottom to top. The specific direction can be determined according to the actual installation status of the cabinet 11, the attached diagram markings, or the site layout requirements.

[0062] like Figure 3 As shown, the low-voltage energy storage switch 1 can be installed in a large energy storage device of standard container size, with one end connected to the main transformer and the other end used to connect to the energy storage battery.

[0063] In some embodiments, optionally, the power output from the auxiliary transformer 13 and the station auxiliary power supply can be used as two input power supplies for the dual power transfer switch 15, respectively. The dual power transfer switch 15 can select one of the power supplies to supply power to the downstream circuit according to the power supply status. In one specific embodiment, the output terminal of the dual power transfer switch 15 can be electrically connected to the miniature circuit breaker 14, so that multiple electrical loads connected to the miniature circuit breaker 14 can be powered by the power output from the auxiliary transformer 13 or the station auxiliary power supply.

[0064] By adding a dual-power transfer switch 15 inside the cabinet 11, a dual-auxiliary power supply structure is further formed. Specifically, when the auxiliary transformer 13 outputs power normally, the dual-power transfer switch 15 can select the output power of the auxiliary transformer 13 as the power source for the downstream miniature circuit breaker 14 and multiple electrical loads; when the output power of the auxiliary transformer 13 is abnormal, loses power, or the voltage does not meet the requirements, the dual-power transfer switch 15 can switch to the station auxiliary power supply to maintain the power supply continuity for multiple electrical loads. Correspondingly, when the station auxiliary power supply is abnormal, the dual-power transfer switch 15 can also select the output power of the auxiliary transformer 13 for power supply. This structure makes the auxiliary power distribution circuit in the energy storage low-voltage cabinet 1 no longer dependent on a single power source, improving the power supply reliability of the energy storage low-voltage cabinet 1 for electrical loads such as lighting, fans 22, air conditioners, liquid cooling units, communication equipment, control equipment, and monitoring equipment.

[0065] The dual power transfer switch 15 serves as the selection and switching component between two power sources, primarily used for switching between the output power of the auxiliary transformer 13 and the station's auxiliary power supply. The dual power transfer switch 15 can be an automatic transfer switch, a manual transfer switch, a manual-automatic integrated transfer switch, a PC-class dual power transfer switch, a CB-class dual power transfer switch, a contactor-type dual power transfer device, or a static transfer switch. The dual power transfer switch 15 can have a primary power input terminal, a backup power input terminal, and an output terminal. It can also have mechanical interlocking mechanisms, electrical interlocking mechanisms, a controller, status indicator contacts, fault alarm contacts, a remote communication interface, or a manual operating handle. By setting up the dual power transfer switch 15, accidental parallel connection of the two power sources can be avoided, ensuring a clear electrical isolation relationship between the output power of the auxiliary transformer 13 and the station's auxiliary power supply, thereby improving the safety of the auxiliary power supply circuit.

[0066] One input terminal of the dual power transfer switch 15 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the auxiliary transformer 13, enabling the auxiliary transformer 13 to obtain power from the input copper busbar 121 and, after voltage conversion, to send the converted power to the dual power transfer switch 15. The output terminal of the auxiliary transformer 13 can be connected to one input terminal of the dual power transfer switch 15 via wires, cables, copper busbars, flexible connections, terminal blocks, busbars, or distribution busbars. The power output of the auxiliary transformer 13 can be AC220V, AC230V, AC380V, AC400V, AC110V, or other AC power suitable for electrical loads. Through this connection, the energy storage low-voltage cabinet 1 can use the power obtained from the main circuit input side and converted by the auxiliary transformer 13 as an auxiliary power source, forming an internal power supply relationship between the auxiliary power supply circuit and the main circuit inside the cabinet, reducing dependence on external auxiliary power supply wiring and improving the internal functional integration of the cabinet 11.

[0067] Another input terminal of the dual power transfer switch 15 is used to connect to the station's auxiliary power supply. This connection allows the energy storage low-voltage cabinet 1 to access an independent auxiliary power supply from the station side. The station's auxiliary power supply can be the low-voltage side power supply of the station service transformer, plant power supply, AC distribution panel output power supply, external mains power supply, auxiliary power bus of the energy storage power station, standby generator output power supply, or AC power supply processed by a UPS. The voltage level of the station's auxiliary power supply can be AC220V, AC230V, AC380V, AC400V, or other voltage levels compatible with the dual power transfer switch 15 and the downstream electrical loads. Before connecting the station's auxiliary power supply to the dual power transfer switch 15, a station auxiliary power circuit breaker, disconnector, fuse, surge protector, terminal block, or power indicator can also be installed. Through this connection, the energy storage low-voltage cabinet 1 can obtain an alternative power source to the auxiliary transformer 13's output power, thus providing a backup power supply path for multiple electrical loads within the cabinet when the auxiliary transformer 13 is out of power, malfunctioning, under maintenance, or when the main circuit input side is without power.

[0068] In one specific embodiment, the output terminal of the dual power transfer switch 15 is electrically connected to the miniature circuit breaker 14, which is then used to connect multiple electrical loads. In this case, the auxiliary power supply path can include two types: one is an input-side copper busbar 121, auxiliary transformer 13, dual power transfer switch 15, miniature circuit breaker 14, and multiple electrical loads; the other is a substation auxiliary power supply, dual power transfer switch 15, miniature circuit breaker 14, and multiple electrical loads. Through the above path configuration, the multiple electrical loads connected to the miniature circuit breaker 14 can obtain a stable power supply from the output side of the dual power transfer switch 15 and continue to be protected by the miniature circuit breaker 14. The structure retains the overload protection, short-circuit protection, and branch circuit breaking functions of the miniature circuit breaker 14 for multiple electrical loads, while also increasing the front-end dual power supply backup capability, thereby improving the continuous operation capability of the auxiliary power distribution system.

[0069] In another specific embodiment, the dual power transfer switch 15 can be located between the auxiliary transformer 13 and the miniature circuit breaker 14. Since the auxiliary transformer 13 is located below the main circuit breaker in the height direction, and the miniature circuit breaker 14 is located on the side of the main circuit breaker 12 away from the auxiliary transformer 13, the dual power transfer switch 15 can be arranged on the electrical path between the output side of the auxiliary transformer 13 and the input side of the miniature circuit breaker 14, for example, near the main circuit breaker 12, above the auxiliary transformer 13, below the miniature circuit breaker 14, or in the middle area of ​​the cabinet 11. This location arrangement shortens the connection path from the output of the auxiliary transformer 13 to the dual power transfer switch 15, facilitates power supply from the output of the dual power transfer switch 15 to the miniature circuit breaker 14, and allows the auxiliary power supply to be connected from the bottom, side, or back of the cabinet 11 to the other input of the dual power transfer switch 15. This arrangement reduces cable crossings within the cabinet and clarifies the wiring relationship between the two power inputs and one power output.

[0070] The dual power transfer switch 15 also enhances the adaptability of the energy storage low-voltage cabinet 1 under different operating conditions. During normal operation of the energy storage system, the dual power transfer switch 15 can select either the output power of the auxiliary transformer 13 or the station auxiliary power supply as the primary power source. In the event of main circuit maintenance, auxiliary transformer 13 maintenance, power failure on the input side of the auxiliary transformer 13, or abnormal output of the auxiliary transformer 13, the dual power transfer switch 15 can switch to another input power source, ensuring that the downstream miniature circuit breaker 14 and multiple electrical loads can still receive power. For communication equipment, BMS, monitoring equipment, fire-fighting equipment, fan 22 control circuits, temperature control equipment, or lighting circuits requiring continuous operation, the dual power transfer switch 15 reduces the risk of total load power loss due to a single power supply failure.

[0071] In a further embodiment, the dual power transfer switch 15 can be configured with a controller. The controller is used to detect the voltage status of the output power of the auxiliary transformer 13 and the auxiliary power supply of the substation, and control the operation of the dual power transfer switch 15 based on the detection results. The controller can detect states such as undervoltage, loss of voltage, overvoltage, phase loss, frequency abnormality, or phase sequence abnormality. The controller may include an ATS controller, a dual power control module, an intelligent power switching controller, or a relay protection switching controller. By setting the controller, the dual power transfer switch 15 can automatically switch according to the real-time status of the two input power supplies, reducing manual intervention and improving the power supply reliability of the energy storage low-voltage cabinet 1 in unattended or remote operation scenarios.

[0072] In a further embodiment, the dual power transfer switch 15 can be equipped with electrical and mechanical interlocking structures. Electrical interlocking can be implemented through auxiliary contacts, relay circuits, controller logic, or interlocking coils; mechanical interlocking can be implemented through interlocking mechanisms, linkage mechanisms, or interlocking blocks. Through electrical and mechanical interlocking, the output power of the auxiliary transformer 13 and the station auxiliary power can be prevented from simultaneously connecting to the output terminal of the dual power transfer switch 15, avoiding parallel operation or reverse power supply, and improving maintenance and operational safety.

[0073] In a further embodiment, the dual power supply transfer switch 15 may have a status feedback terminal, which can be used to output the status of the main power supply being closed, the backup power supply being closed, both being open, a fault status, or an automatic / manual status. The status feedback terminal can be connected to the integrated protection and control device 261, BMS, switch 25, external monitoring system, or energy management system of the energy storage power station. Through status feedback, maintenance personnel can obtain real-time information on the power source and switching status of the dual power supply transfer switch 15, facilitating remote monitoring, fault location, and operation and maintenance.

[0074] In summary, by electrically connecting one input terminal to the output terminal of the auxiliary transformer 13 and the other input terminal to the substation auxiliary power supply, the energy storage low-voltage cabinet 1 forms a dual-path auxiliary power supply structure consisting of the output power of the auxiliary transformer 13 and the substation auxiliary power supply. This improves the power supply continuity and operational reliability of the downstream miniature circuit breaker 14 and multiple electrical loads without altering the basic layout of the main circuit breaker 12, input-side copper busbar 121, output-side copper busbar 122, auxiliary transformer 13, and miniature circuit breaker 14. Furthermore, it enhances the integrated power distribution capability, safety, and ease of operation and maintenance of the energy storage low-voltage cabinet 1.

[0075] In some embodiments, optionally, the auxiliary power supply to the site is controlled and protected by the site circuit breaker 16 before being connected to the dual power transfer switch 15, thus forming an input branch with independent protection and isolation capabilities between the auxiliary power supply and the dual power transfer switch 15. This improves the safety and maintainability of the auxiliary power supply when connected to the energy storage low-voltage cabinet 1, and provides a clearer protection boundary for the auxiliary power supply branch among the two input power supplies of the dual power transfer switch 15.

[0076] Specifically, the station circuit breaker 16 is housed within the cabinet 11. The station circuit breaker 16 can be positioned on the input path of the station auxiliary power supply after it enters the cabinet 11, and located on one side of the dual-power transfer switch 15 in the first direction. The station auxiliary power supply can be introduced into the cabinet 11 via the bottom, side, back, or top of the cabinet 11, and first connected to the input terminal of the station circuit breaker 16. Then, the output terminal of the station circuit breaker 16 is connected to the other input terminal of the dual-power transfer switch 15. The station auxiliary power supply enters the dual-power transfer switch 15 after passing through the station circuit breaker 16, thus enabling the station auxiliary power supply branch to have short-circuit protection, overload protection, maintenance isolation, and manual opening and closing control capabilities.

[0077] The station circuit breaker 16 serves as a protection and control component for the station's auxiliary power supply branch. It can be a molded case circuit breaker, a miniature circuit breaker, a frame circuit breaker, a circuit breaker with residual current protection, a circuit breaker with auxiliary contacts, a circuit breaker with shunt trip function, or a circuit breaker with undervoltage trip function. When the station's auxiliary power supply capacity is small and the branch current is low, the station circuit breaker 16 can be a miniature circuit breaker 14. When the station's auxiliary power supply capacity is large and requires higher breaking capacity or more comprehensive protection functions, the station circuit breaker 16 can be a molded case circuit breaker. In scenarios with larger capacity or requiring remote control, the station circuit breaker 16 can also be a molded case circuit breaker or a frame circuit breaker with an electric operating mechanism. The number of poles of the station circuit breaker 16 can be selected according to the phase system of the station auxiliary power supply, such as single pole, two pole, three pole or four pole; in a three-phase four-wire station auxiliary power supply, the station circuit breaker 16 can be a four-pole circuit breaker, so as to control or isolate the phase line and the neutral line at the same time.

[0078] The other input terminal of the dual power transfer switch 15 is connected to the station auxiliary power supply via the station circuit breaker 16, providing an independent protection node for the station auxiliary power supply branch before it enters the dual power transfer switch 15. When a short circuit, overload, ground fault, or abnormal current occurs in the station auxiliary power supply branch, the station circuit breaker 16 can operate and disconnect the station auxiliary power supply branch, preventing the fault from further propagating to the dual power transfer switch 15 and the multiple electrical loads connected to the subsequent miniature circuit breaker 14. Simultaneously, when maintenance is required on the dual power transfer switch 15, the station auxiliary power supply incoming line, or the subsequent power distribution circuit, operators can first disconnect the station circuit breaker 16, creating an open state between the station auxiliary power supply and the dual power transfer switch 15, thereby improving maintenance safety.

[0079] The station circuit breaker 16 is located on one side of the dual power transfer switch 15 in the first direction, so that the station circuit breaker 16 and the dual power transfer switch 15 are arranged adjacently or close to each other in the cabinet 11. Since the output terminal of the station circuit breaker 16 needs to be connected to the other input terminal of the dual power transfer switch 15, arranging the station circuit breaker 16 on one side of the dual power transfer switch 15 in the first direction can shorten the connection distance between the station circuit breaker 16 and the dual power transfer switch 15, reduce the length of connecting wires, cables or copper busbars, reduce the complexity of wiring in the cabinet, and also make the wiring direction of the station auxiliary power branch clearer, that is, the station auxiliary power first enters the station circuit breaker 16, and then connects to the other input terminal of the dual power transfer switch 15 in the first direction, which is convenient for installation personnel to lay out the wiring, and also makes it easier for maintenance personnel to identify the electrical path of the station auxiliary power branch.

[0080] In one specific embodiment, the first direction can be the left-right direction of the cabinet 11, and the station circuit breaker 16 can be located to the left or right of the dual power transfer switch 15. When the station auxiliary power enters from one side of the cabinet 11, the station circuit breaker 16 can be arranged close to the incoming line side, and the dual power transfer switch 15 is located inside the station circuit breaker 16 along the first direction, so that the station auxiliary power incoming line can first connect to the station circuit breaker 16, and then connect to the dual power transfer switch 15 via a shorter path. This can reduce the station auxiliary power incoming line from winding around inside the cabinet 11, reduce the probability of cable crossing, and improve the neatness of the wiring inside the cabinet 11. In another specific embodiment, the first direction can also be the front-back direction of the cabinet 11, and the station circuit breaker 16 can be located in front of or behind the dual power transfer switch 15 to adapt to the cabinet 11 structure of front wiring, rear wiring, or front and rear partition maintenance.

[0081] The station circuit breaker 16 is located on one side of the dual power transfer switch 15 in the first direction, which also improves the convenience of operation and maintenance. Since the dual power transfer switch 15 is used to switch between the output power of the auxiliary transformer 13 and the station auxiliary power, while the station circuit breaker 16 is used to control the station auxiliary power branch, arranging them adjacently along the first direction allows the operating components related to dual power switching to be concentrated in the same area within the cabinet 11. When maintenance personnel check the power source, switching status, or fault status of the dual power transfer switch 15, they can simultaneously check the opening and closing status of the station circuit breaker 16, facilitating a quick determination of whether the station auxiliary power branch is normal. It also facilitates the placement of corresponding labels on the cabinet door or internal panel, such as labels for the station auxiliary power input, station circuit breaker 16, and standby input of the dual power transfer switch 15, thereby improving the intuitiveness of on-site operations.

[0082] In a further embodiment, the station circuit breaker 16 and the dual power transfer switch 15 can be electrically connected via conductors, cables, copper busbars, flexible copper busbars, insulated busbars, terminal blocks, or busbars. When the station circuit breaker 16 and the dual power transfer switch 15 are close in the first direction, short conductors, short copper busbars, or insulated flexible connections can be used for connection to reduce connection impedance and minimize space occupied within the cabinet. When the station circuit breaker 16 and the dual power transfer switch 15 need to cross mounting plates or partitions, standardized transfer can be achieved through terminal blocks or transition blocks. These connection methods improve cabinet assembly consistency and maintenance convenience while ensuring electrical reliability.

[0083] In a further embodiment, the input side of the station circuit breaker 16 can be connected to a station auxiliary power supply access terminal. This terminal can be a screw-type terminal, spring-type terminal, pluggable terminal, copper busbar terminal, aviation socket terminal, or cable connection terminal. The station auxiliary power supply access terminal can be located at the bottom of the cabinet 11, on the side of the cabinet 11, or near the station circuit breaker 16, allowing the station auxiliary power supply to reach the station circuit breaker 16 via a shorter path after entering the cabinet 11. By providing a station auxiliary power supply access terminal, on-site wiring can be more standardized, avoiding wiring congestion or maintenance inconvenience caused by directly connecting external cables to the dual power transfer switch 15.

[0084] In a further embodiment, the station circuit breaker 16 may have auxiliary contacts, alarm contacts, a shunt trip unit, an undervoltage trip unit, or an electric operating mechanism. The auxiliary contacts can be used to output the opening and closing status of the station circuit breaker 16; the alarm contacts can be used to output a fault trip signal; the shunt trip unit can be used to remotely disconnect the station circuit breaker 16; the undervoltage trip unit can trip the station circuit breaker 16 when the station auxiliary power supply voltage is abnormal; and the electric operating mechanism can realize remote opening and closing. The aforementioned signal or control terminals can be connected to the integrated protection and control device 261, BMS, switch 25, external monitoring system, or energy storage power station energy management system. Through this further structure, status monitoring and remote control of the station auxiliary power supply branch can be realized, improving the intelligence and operation and maintenance efficiency of the energy storage low-voltage cabinet 1.

[0085] In a further embodiment, a fuse, surge protector, power indicator light, voltage detection module, phase sequence detection module, or terminal block may also be installed between the station circuit breaker 16 and the dual power transfer switch 15. The fuse can further improve the selectivity of short-circuit protection; the surge protector can suppress surge overvoltages introduced from the station auxiliary power supply side; the power indicator light can show whether the station auxiliary power supply is energized; the voltage detection module can detect the voltage status of the station auxiliary power supply; and the phase sequence detection module can detect whether the phase sequence is correct in the three-phase station auxiliary power supply. Through the combination of these lower-level structures, the safety, visibility, and fault diagnosis capabilities of the station auxiliary power supply branch can be further improved.

[0086] In summary, the auxiliary power supply to the power station is controlled and connected to the other input terminal of the dual power transfer switch 15 via the power station circuit breaker 16. This structure enables the auxiliary power supply branch to have independent protection, isolation, and operation capabilities, reducing the impact of auxiliary power supply branch faults on the dual power transfer switch 15 and subsequent multiple electrical loads. Simultaneously, the power station circuit breaker 16 is located on one side of the dual power transfer switch 15 in the first direction, making the electrical connection between the two shorter and clearer, reducing cable crossings and wiring complexity within the cabinet, and improving the convenience of on-site wiring, commissioning, fault diagnosis, and maintenance. Together with the auxiliary transformer 13, the dual power transfer switch 15, and the miniature circuit breaker 14, the energy storage low-voltage cabinet 1 forms an integrated auxiliary power distribution structure with main circuit power supply and mutual backup for the auxiliary power supply, and the auxiliary power supply branch has independent protection capabilities.

[0087] In some embodiments, optionally, the circuit supplying power from the output copper busbar 122 to the auxiliary transformer 13 is protected and isolated by a fuse disconnect switch 17 before entering the auxiliary transformer 13. Simultaneously, the station auxiliary power supply branch is connected to the dual power transfer switch 15 via the station circuit breaker 16. This allows the dual power transfer switch 15 to have protective isolation elements for the auxiliary transformer 13 power supply branch and protective control elements for the station auxiliary power supply branch arranged on either side of the dual power transfer switch 15 in the first direction. This structure enables the two power supply branches entering the dual power transfer switch 15 to form a clear, symmetrical, or nearly symmetrical arrangement within the cabinet 11, thereby improving the wiring clarity, protection integrity, and maintenance convenience of the energy storage low-voltage cabinet 1.

[0088] Specifically, the fuse disconnect switch 17 is located in the circuit between the output copper busbar 122 and the auxiliary transformer 13. This circuit can be understood as a power supply branch extending from the output copper busbar 122 and connecting to the auxiliary transformer 13. One end of the circuit is electrically connected to the output copper busbar 122, and the other end is electrically connected to the auxiliary transformer 13. Thus, the electrical energy on the output copper busbar 122 must pass through the fuse disconnect switch 17 before entering the auxiliary transformer 13. The fuse disconnect switch 17 provides short-circuit protection, overload protection, and maintenance isolation functions. When a short circuit or abnormally high current occurs on the input side of the auxiliary transformer 13 or in the circuit, the fuse in the fuse disconnect switch 17 can melt and interrupt the fault current, preventing the fault from spreading to the output copper busbar 122, the main circuit breaker 12, or other circuits within the cabinet. When it is necessary to repair the auxiliary transformer 13 or the circuit, the fuse disconnect switch 17 can also disconnect the circuit, so that the auxiliary transformer 13 and the output copper busbar 122 are isolated, thereby improving the safety of repair.

[0089] In one specific embodiment, the fuse disconnector 17 can be a knife-type fuse switch, a fuse-type disconnector, a load disconnector with a fuse, a fuse-type switch isolator, a strip-type fuse disconnector, a rotary fuse disconnector, or a drawer-type fuse disconnector. The fuse in the fuse disconnector 17 can be a tubular fuse, a cuboid fuse, a knife-type contact fuse, an NH fuse, an RT series fuse, a gG / gL type fuse, an aM type fuse, or other fuses that match the input current and short-circuit protection requirements of the auxiliary transformer 13. By selecting different types of fuse disconnectors 17, the system can be adapted to the capacity of the auxiliary transformer 13, the input voltage level, the installation space of the cabinet 11, and the maintenance operation method, thereby improving the applicability of the solution.

[0090] The fuse disconnect switch 17 is located below the output-side copper busbar 122 in the vertical direction. This positional relationship allows the circuit leading from the output-side copper busbar 122 to extend downwards in the vertical direction to the fuse disconnect switch 17, and then from the fuse disconnect switch 17 to the auxiliary transformer 13 located below. Since the auxiliary transformer 13 is located below the main circuit breaker in the vertical direction, and the output-side copper busbar 122 is located at one end of the main circuit breaker 12 in the first direction, placing the fuse disconnect switch 17 below the output-side copper busbar 122 in the vertical direction creates a shorter and more directional wiring path between the output-side copper busbar 122, the fuse disconnect switch 17, and the auxiliary transformer 13. This reduces the lateral routing and crossing of wires within the cabinet 11, reduces the length of cables or copper busbars, and improves the neatness of the wiring and assembly efficiency within the cabinet.

[0091] The fuse disconnect switch 17 is located below the output-side copper busbar 122 in the vertical direction, allowing the protective isolation element to be arranged close to its power source. Because the fuse disconnect switch 17 is located below the output-side copper busbar 122, the circuit can quickly enter the fuse disconnect switch 17 after being led out from the input-side copper busbar 121, enabling the fuse disconnect switch 17 to provide protection close to the source of the circuit. This arrangement helps to shorten the length of unprotected conductors and reduce the impact range of circuit failures within the cabinet. Simultaneously, the fuse disconnect switch 17 being located below the input-side copper busbar 121, compared to being directly placed at the bottom of the cabinet 11 or far from the output-side copper busbar 122, makes it easier for maintenance personnel to identify the circuit's power source path based on the location of the input-side copper busbar 121, improving the intuitiveness of inspection and maintenance.

[0092] In one specific embodiment, the output-side copper busbar 122 and the fuse disconnect switch 17 can be connected via short copper busbars, insulated wires, cables, flexible copper busbars, insulated busbars, transition blocks, or terminal blocks. The fuse disconnect switch 17 and the auxiliary transformer 13 can also be connected via wires, cables, copper busbars, flexible connectors, or terminal blocks. When the fuse disconnect switch 17 is located below the output-side copper busbar 122 in the vertical direction, a short vertical copper busbar or short cable can be preferentially used to connect the output-side copper busbar 122 and the fuse disconnect switch 17 to reduce connection impedance and heat generation. When it is necessary to avoid mounting beams, insulating partitions, or other components within the cabinet 11, a flexible copper busbar or insulated wire can also be used for connection. These connection methods satisfy both the current-carrying requirements of the circuit and adapt to the limited installation space inside the cabinet 11.

[0093] The fuse disconnect switch 17 and the station circuit breaker 16 are located on opposite sides of the dual power transfer switch 15 in the first direction. This positioning places the dual power transfer switch 15 between the power supply branch of the auxiliary transformer 13 and the station auxiliary power supply branch, or at least ensures that the dual power transfer switch 15 is adjacent to the fuse disconnect switch 17 and the station circuit breaker 16 respectively in the first direction. The fuse disconnect switch 17 corresponds to the power supply branch formed by the output copper busbar 122 via the auxiliary transformer 13, and the station circuit breaker 16 corresponds to the station auxiliary power supply branch. Arranging the fuse disconnect switch 17 and the station circuit breaker 16 on opposite sides of the dual power transfer switch 15 in the first direction allows for a clear spatial correspondence between the two input sources of the dual power transfer switch 15 within the cabinet 11, facilitating the differentiation between the input from the auxiliary transformer 13 side and the station auxiliary power supply side from the cabinet layout.

[0094] Furthermore, the spatial arrangement can shorten the connection path between the two input branches and the dual power transfer switch 15. Specifically, the fuse disconnect switch 17 is located on one side of the dual power transfer switch 15 in the first direction, and the station circuit breaker 16 is located on the other side of the dual power transfer switch 15 in the first direction. The circuit containing the fuse disconnect switch 17 can be connected to one input terminal of the dual power transfer switch 15 after being output from the auxiliary transformer 13, while the station circuit breaker 16 is directly or via terminals connected to the other input terminal of the dual power transfer switch 15. Since the two input branches are connected from both sides of the dual power transfer switch 15 respectively, the crossover of the two power cables can be reduced, avoiding congestion caused by the auxiliary transformer 13 output branch and the station auxiliary power branch being centrally wired on the same side, thereby improving the clarity and safety of the wiring inside the cabinet 11.

[0095] In one specific embodiment, the first direction can be the left-right direction of the cabinet 11, with the fuse disconnect switch 17 located to the left of the dual power transfer switch 15 and the station circuit breaker 16 located to the right of the dual power transfer switch 15; alternatively, the fuse disconnect switch 17 can be located to the right of the dual power transfer switch 15 and the station circuit breaker 16 can be located to the left of the dual power transfer switch 15. The specific left-right positions can be determined based on the position of the output copper busbar 122, the direction of the station auxiliary power supply inlet, the position of the auxiliary transformer 13, and the cabinet door operation direction. In another specific embodiment, the first direction can also be the front-back direction of the cabinet 11, with the fuse disconnect switch 17 and the station circuit breaker 16 located to the front and rear sides of the dual power transfer switch 15, respectively, to adapt to the cabinet 11 structure with front-back zone wiring or front-back door maintenance. Through the above different arrangement methods, the structure can be adapted to different cabinet types and different incoming and outgoing line methods.

[0096] The fuse disconnect switch 17 and the station circuit breaker 16 are located on both sides of the dual power transfer switch 15 in the first direction, which also improves the convenience of operation and maintenance. Since the dual power transfer switch 15 is used to switch between the output power of the auxiliary transformer 13 and the station auxiliary power, the fuse disconnect switch 17 is used to protect and isolate the circuit on the input side of the auxiliary transformer 13, and the station circuit breaker 16 is used to protect and control the station auxiliary power branch, concentrating these three components and distributing them on both sides of the first direction allows the operating elements related to the dual power input to be located in the same functional area. When inspecting the dual power transfer switch 15, maintenance personnel can check the status of the fuse disconnect switch 17 and the station circuit breaker 16 along the first direction, thereby quickly determining whether the two input power supplies are ready to supply power. This also facilitates the setting of circuit markings inside or on the cabinet, such as auxiliary transformer 13 input protection, dual power transfer switch 15, and station auxiliary power protection, improving the accuracy of on-site operations.

[0097] In a further embodiment, the fuse disconnector 17 may have a visible break, an operating handle, a fuse indicator, auxiliary contacts, or an interlocking mechanism. The visible break allows maintenance personnel to easily confirm whether the circuit is open; the operating handle can be located on the cabinet panel or near the cabinet door for opening and closing operations; the fuse indicator provides a mechanical or electrical indication when the fuse has blown; the auxiliary contacts output the open / closed status of the fuse disconnector 17; and the interlocking mechanism can cooperate with the cabinet door, the main circuit breaker 12, or other components to improve operational safety. These lower-level structures further enhance the operability, visibility, and operational safety of the fuse disconnector 17.

[0098] In a further embodiment, the circuit containing the fuse disconnect switch 17 may also include a current transformer, a voltage detection module, a power indicator light, a surge protector, and terminal blocks or wire markings. The current transformer can be used to detect the input current of the auxiliary transformer 13; the voltage detection module can detect whether the circuit leading from the output copper busbar 122 is energized; the power indicator light can display the circuit power status; the surge protector can suppress overvoltage transmitted from the output copper busbar 122; the terminal block can be used for proper circuit connections; and the wire markings can be used for maintenance identification. Through the coordination of these lower-level structures, the monitoring capability, safety, and maintenance convenience of the circuit can be further improved.

[0099] In summary, a fuse disconnect switch 17 is installed on the circuit between the output copper busbar 122 and the auxiliary transformer 13, providing the input side of the auxiliary transformer 13 with independent short-circuit protection, overload protection, and maintenance isolation functions. The fuse disconnect switch 17 is located below the output copper busbar 122 in the vertical direction, allowing the circuit to be connected downwards via a short path from the input copper busbar 121, reducing the length of windings and unprotected conductors, and coordinating with the lower position of the auxiliary transformer 13. Furthermore, the fuse disconnect switch 17 and the station circuit breaker 16 are located on both sides of the dual-power transfer switch 15 in the first direction, allowing the power supply branch of the auxiliary transformer 13 and the station auxiliary power supply branch to form inputs from both sides of the dual-power transfer switch 15, reducing the risk of crossover and wiring congestion between the two power cables. This improves the protection integrity, spatial layout rationality, wiring clarity, and operation and maintenance safety of the dual-power input structure in the energy storage low-voltage cabinet 1.

[0100] In some embodiments, the output side of the miniature circuit breaker 14 is optionally connected to the output terminal block 18 first, and then led out from the output terminal block 18 to multiple electrical loads. The energy storage low-voltage cabinet 1 can form a standardized load output interface within the cabinet 11, separating the branch circuit protection function of the miniature circuit breaker 14 from the field wiring function of multiple electrical loads, thereby improving the neatness, standardization and maintenance convenience of the wiring inside the cabinet.

[0101] Specifically, the output terminal block 18 is located inside the cabinet 11. The output terminal block 18 can be positioned near the miniature circuit breaker 14, or near the cable outlet, cable channel, or wire trough of the cabinet 11. The output terminal of the miniature circuit breaker 14 is electrically connected to the output terminal block 18 via wires, busbars, terminal connecting wires, prefabricated wire harnesses, or other conductive connectors. Cables for multiple electrical loads are connected to the other side of the output terminal block 18. In this way, a sequentially connected power distribution path is formed between the miniature circuit breaker 14, the output terminal block 18, and the multiple electrical loads. Power from the auxiliary transformer 13 or the dual power transfer switch 15 enters the miniature circuit breaker 14, is shunt by the miniature circuit breaker 14, and is then output to the corresponding multiple electrical loads through the output terminal block 18. This connection allows the load outputs to be concentrated at the output terminal block 18, reducing wiring congestion and maintenance inconvenience caused by directly connecting multiple electrical load cables to the miniature circuit breaker 14.

[0102] The output terminal block 18 is electrically connected to the miniature circuit breaker 14, and this connection allows each output of the miniature circuit breaker 14 to form a clearly defined wiring node through the output terminal block 18. For multiple electrical loads, each load can correspond to one output circuit of the miniature circuit breaker 14, and one or more terminal positions can be correspondingly provided on the output terminal block 18. For example, a lighting circuit can correspond to a set of output terminals, a fan 22 circuit can correspond to a set of output terminals, an air conditioning or liquid-cooled unit control circuit can correspond to a set of output terminals, a communication equipment circuit can correspond to a set of output terminals, and a BMS or monitoring equipment circuit can correspond to a set of output terminals. In this way, the miniature circuit breaker 14 can continue to provide short-circuit protection, overload protection, and branch circuit breaking for each load branch, while the output terminal block 18 provides a clear, fixed, and identifiable outgoing interface for each load branch.

[0103] The miniature circuit breaker 14 connects multiple electrical loads via the output terminal block 18, a structure that improves the convenience of on-site wiring. Before leaving the factory, the energy storage low-voltage cabinet 1 can have its internal wiring between the miniature circuit breaker 14 and the output terminal block 18 pre-completed. During on-site installation, construction personnel only need to connect the external cables of multiple electrical loads to the corresponding terminals on the output terminal block 18, eliminating the need for extensive external cable wiring directly to the miniature circuit breaker 14. Because the output terminal block 18 typically has a structure more suitable for multi-circuit external wiring and clearer terminal numbering, it reduces the risk of incorrect wiring on-site, improves installation efficiency, and facilitates checking the power supply status of each electrical load individually during the commissioning phase.

[0104] The output terminal block 18 also improves the convenience of later maintenance and troubleshooting. When an electrical load malfunctions, maintenance personnel can quickly locate the corresponding branch based on the circuit markings, terminal numbers, or wire numbers on the output terminal block 18, and determine the fault range by combining this with the opening and closing status of the corresponding miniature circuit breaker 14. If it is necessary to replace an electrical load or test a cable, maintenance personnel can disconnect or test the corresponding line at the output terminal block 18 without frequently disconnecting the miniature circuit breaker 14 terminals. This not only reduces wear on the miniature circuit breaker 14 terminals but also reduces the risk of poor contact caused by repeated disconnection and reconnection, improving the long-term reliability of the energy storage low-voltage cabinet 1.

[0105] In one specific embodiment, the output terminal block 18 can be a screw-type terminal block, spring-type terminal block, pluggable terminal block, barrier-type terminal block, through-type terminal block, combined terminal block, DIN rail-type terminal block, or high-current terminal block. For control or communication-type low-current electrical loads, spring-type terminal blocks or pluggable terminal blocks can be used to improve wiring efficiency and maintenance convenience; for ordinary AC loads such as lighting, fans 22, heaters, and air conditioning control circuits, screw-type terminal blocks or through-type terminal blocks can be used; for auxiliary electrical loads with larger currents, high-current terminal blocks or barrier-type terminal blocks can be used. By selecting different types of output terminal blocks 18, the current level, cable specifications, and maintenance methods of different electrical loads can be adapted.

[0106] In one specific embodiment, the output terminal block 18 can be installed on a standard guide rail, terminal mounting plate, inner side beam of the cabinet, bottom mounting beam of the cabinet 11, or mounting bracket near the cable outlet. The output terminal block 18 can be arranged along the first direction of the cabinet 11, or layered along the height direction of the cabinet 11, or zoned according to the functional categories of multiple electrical loads. For example, the output terminals corresponding to lighting and socket loads can be concentrated on one terminal block, the output terminals corresponding to fan 22 and temperature control loads can be concentrated on another terminal block, and the output terminals corresponding to communication and control loads can be separately located in the low-voltage area. By zoning the output terminal blocks 18, high-voltage loads and low-voltage loads can be kept relatively independent, reducing cable crossings and electromagnetic interference, and improving the readability of wiring within the cabinet.

[0107] In a further embodiment, the output terminal block 18 can be equipped with terminal numbers, circuit identifiers, wire number identifiers, color identifiers, phase sequence identifiers, or load name identifiers. The terminal numbers can correspond one-to-one with the numbers of the miniature circuit breakers 14. The circuit identifiers can indicate the corresponding electrical load names, such as lighting, fan 22, air conditioning control, liquid cooling control, communication power supply, BMS power supply, fire protection equipment, etc. The color identifiers can be used to distinguish phase lines, neutral lines, protective ground lines, or DC positive and negative terminals. By setting the above identifiers, the correspondence between the miniature circuit breakers 14, the output terminal block 18, and multiple electrical loads becomes more intuitive, facilitating assembly, acceptance, commissioning, and maintenance.

[0108] In a further embodiment, the output terminal block 18 may include a phase terminal, a neutral terminal, and a protective ground terminal. For AC loads, the phase output of the miniature circuit breaker 14 can be connected to the phase terminal, the neutral line of the load can be connected to the neutral terminal, and the protective ground line of the load can be connected to the protective ground terminal. The protective ground terminal can be electrically connected to the grounding busbar of the cabinet 11, and the neutral terminal can be electrically connected to the neutral busbar of the auxiliary power distribution system. For DC loads, the output terminal block 18 may include a positive terminal, a negative terminal, and a ground terminal. By setting different types of terminal positions, the output terminal block 18 can be adapted to different wiring requirements of AC and DC loads, improving the adaptability of the energy storage low-voltage cabinet 1 to multiple types of electrical loads.

[0109] In a further embodiment, a wire trough, wire tie, wire harness fixing device, number tube, sleeve, or insulating partition can be provided between the output terminal block 18 and the miniature circuit breaker 14. The wire trough is used to accommodate the internal wires between the miniature circuit breaker 14 and the output terminal block 18; the wire tie and wire harness fixing device are used to fix the wire harness; the number tube is used to identify the circuit number; the sleeve is used to improve the insulation and mechanical protection of the wire ends; and the insulating partition is used to separate circuits of different voltage levels or different functions. Through the above auxiliary structures, the electrical connection between the miniature circuit breaker 14 and the output terminal block 18 can be made more standardized, reducing the risk of loose wires, wear, or accidental contact with live parts, and improving the safety of the wiring inside the cabinet 11.

[0110] In a further embodiment, the output terminal block 18 may be equipped with test terminals, disconnect terminals, fuse terminals, or pluggable test interfaces. Test terminals can be used to measure the voltage or current of a specific load without disconnecting all circuits; disconnect terminals can be used to disconnect a specific load branch during maintenance; fuse terminals can provide further fusing protection for small-capacity control loads; and pluggable test interfaces facilitate quick connection of testing equipment by commissioning personnel. Through these subordinate structures, the output terminal block 18 can not only serve as a general wiring interface but also possess testing, isolation, and auxiliary protection functions, thereby improving the commissioning efficiency and maintenance safety of the energy storage low-voltage cabinet 1.

[0111] In summary, the miniature circuit breaker 14 connects multiple electrical loads via the output terminal block 18, transforming the load outgoing lines of the energy storage low-voltage cabinet 1 from direct wiring to a terminalized, modular, and labeled wiring method. This structure reduces wiring clutter caused by directly connecting multiple electrical load cables to the miniature circuit breaker 14, lowers on-site construction difficulty, and improves the convenience of circuit identification, fault diagnosis, and load replacement. Simultaneously, the output terminal block 18 is electrically connected to the miniature circuit breaker 14, allowing the miniature circuit breaker 14 to still provide branch protection for multiple electrical loads, while the output terminal block 18 serves as a standardized external wiring interface. This further improves the assembly consistency, wiring reliability, operation and maintenance convenience, and adaptability to various types of electrical loads in the energy storage low-voltage cabinet 1.

[0112] In some embodiments, optionally, the energy storage low-voltage cabinet 1, in addition to providing conventional auxiliary power distribution to multiple electrical loads through the auxiliary transformer 13, dual power transfer switch 15, miniature circuit breaker 14, and output terminal block 18, further integrates an emergency power supply function within the cabinet 11. This enables at least one electrical load to receive emergency power support during abnormal conventional power supply, short-term power outages, switching intervals, or maintenance. This structure improves the continuity of power supply to critical electrical loads by the energy storage low-voltage cabinet 1 and reduces the risk of power loss to monitoring, communication, control, or safety-related loads due to auxiliary power interruptions.

[0113] Specifically, the emergency power supply module 19 is located inside the cabinet 11. The emergency power supply module 19 can serve as a backup power supply unit, a short-term maintenance power supply unit, or an uninterruptible power supply unit within the energy storage low-voltage cabinet 1. It is used to provide power to at least one electrical load when the output power of the auxiliary transformer 13, the station auxiliary power supply, or the output power of the dual power transfer switch 15 malfunctions. The emergency power supply module 19 can be directly connected to at least one electrical load, or it can be connected to at least one electrical load via a miniature circuit breaker 14, output terminal block 18, terminal block, contactor, relay, power distribution unit, or DC power distribution unit. By placing the emergency power supply module 19 inside the cabinet 11, it is possible to avoid separately installing an external UPS cabinet, battery box, or emergency power supply box, reducing the number of external devices and the length of wiring between cabinets, and improving the integration of the energy storage low-voltage cabinet 1.

[0114] The emergency power supply module 19 may include one or more of the following: UPS, external battery, internal battery, battery pack, lithium battery pack, supercapacitor module, backup power module, AC / DC emergency power module, DC / DC emergency power module, inverter module, charging module, rectifier module, or uninterruptible power supply device. In one specific embodiment, the emergency power supply module 19 may include a UPS and an external battery. The input terminal of the UPS may be connected to the output side of the auxiliary transformer 13, the output side of the dual power transfer switch 15, or the front stage of the miniature circuit breaker 14. The output terminal of the UPS is connected to at least one electrical load. The external battery is electrically connected to the UPS to provide backup energy to the UPS when the input power is abnormal. In another specific embodiment, the emergency power supply module 19 may include a 24V or 48V DC backup power module and is connected to DC electrical loads such as controllers, communication equipment, BMS, or sensors through a DC output terminal. By using different types of emergency power supply modules 19, the power supply needs of AC critical loads, DC critical loads, or AC / DC hybrid critical loads can be adapted.

[0115] The emergency power supply module 19 is positioned vertically between the auxiliary transformer 13 and the main circuit breaker 12. In other words, in the height direction of the cabinet 11, the auxiliary transformer 13 is located relatively lower, the main circuit breaker 12 is located relatively upper or upper-middle, and the emergency power supply module 19 is located in the middle area between the auxiliary transformer 13 and the main circuit breaker 12. This positioning fully utilizes the installation space between the auxiliary transformer 13 and the main circuit breaker 12, creating a clear functional layout from bottom to top within the cabinet 11: the auxiliary transformer 13 is used for auxiliary power conversion, the emergency power supply module 19 is used for backup power to critical loads, and the main circuit breaker 12 is used for main circuit switching and protection. By placing the emergency power supply module 19 in the middle area, the connection distance between it and the auxiliary transformer 13, the dual power transfer switch 15, the miniature circuit breaker 14, or the output terminal block 18 can be reduced, facilitating wiring for both conventional power input and emergency output.

[0116] The emergency power supply module 19 is positioned vertically between the auxiliary transformer 13 and the main circuit breaker 12, while also considering the center of gravity, heat dissipation, and ease of maintenance of the cabinet 11. The auxiliary transformer 13 is typically heavier and located at a lower position, while the main circuit breaker 12 is usually positioned at a suitable operating height for easy operation and maintenance. The emergency power supply module 19 is typically lighter than the auxiliary transformer 13 but may be heavier than ordinary control devices. Positioning the emergency power supply module 19 between the two avoids placing it at the top of the cabinet 11, which would result in an excessively high center of gravity, and also avoids installation and heat dissipation interference with the auxiliary transformer 13 located at the bottom. This arrangement allows the emergency power supply module 19 to be in a position that is easily observable, wired, maintained, and replaced, making it particularly suitable for applications requiring regular checks of battery, UPS, or backup power status.

[0117] The emergency power supply module 19 is connected to at least one electrical load. This at least one electrical load can be a critical load among multiple electrical loads, or an emergency load independent of ordinary auxiliary loads. The at least one electrical load may include a BMS, communication equipment, a switch 25, an integrated protection and control device 261, monitoring equipment, fire-fighting equipment, access control equipment, emergency lighting, controllers, sensors, relay control circuits, fan 22 control circuits, liquid cooling control circuits, air conditioning control circuits, or other loads that need to maintain operation when the auxiliary power supply is abnormal. After the emergency power supply module 19 is connected to at least one electrical load, when the regular auxiliary power supply is normal, the emergency power supply module 19 can be in charging, bypass power supply, online power supply, or standby state; when the regular auxiliary power supply is abnormal, the emergency power supply module 19 can output power to at least one electrical load, allowing the electrical load to continue operating for a period of time. This structure can improve the power supply continuity of critical electrical loads and avoid communication interruptions, control failures, monitoring data loss, or abnormal termination of protection devices due to momentary interruptions in the auxiliary power supply.

[0118] In one specific embodiment, the emergency power supply module 19 can be connected to the output side of the dual power transfer switch 15 and connected to at least one electrical load via a miniature circuit breaker 14 or output terminal block 18. In this case, the power output from the dual power transfer switch 15 can serve as the input power supply for the emergency power supply module 19, ensuring power supply to the emergency power supply module 19 even after switching between the output power of the auxiliary transformer 13 and the station's auxiliary power supply. When both input power supplies of the dual power transfer switch 15 are abnormal or a short-term interruption occurs during switching, the emergency power supply module 19 can maintain uninterrupted power to at least one electrical load. This embodiment combines dual power backup and emergency power supply, further improving the power supply reliability of critical loads.

[0119] In another specific embodiment, the emergency power supply module 19 can be connected to the output terminal of the auxiliary transformer 13, or to the front or rear stage of the miniature circuit breaker 14. If the emergency power supply module 19 is connected to the output terminal of the auxiliary transformer 13, it can directly utilize the output power of the auxiliary transformer 13 for charging or power supply; if the emergency power supply module 19 is connected to the front stage of the miniature circuit breaker 14, it can serve as a centralized backup power supply for critical load branches; if the emergency power supply module 19 is connected to the rear stage of the miniature circuit breaker 14, it can provide emergency power supply only for a certain circuit or part of the electrical load. Through the above different connection methods, it can be flexibly configured according to the number of critical loads, power level, backup duration, and cabinet wiring space.

[0120] In a further embodiment, the emergency power supply module 19 may include an input circuit breaker, an output circuit breaker, a bypass switch, a maintenance switch, a charger, a battery management unit, a status display unit, alarm contacts, or a communication interface. The input circuit breaker protects and isolates the input side of the emergency power supply module 19, the output circuit breaker protects and isolates the output side of the emergency power supply module 19, the bypass switch allows the load to be powered by a bypass power source when the emergency power supply module 19 is under maintenance or malfunctions, the maintenance switch is used for safe maintenance, the charger charges the built-in or external battery, the battery management unit monitors the battery voltage, temperature, capacity, or health status, the status display unit displays the operating mode, input status, output status, battery status, or fault status, and the alarm contacts and communication interface can be connected to the integrated protection and control device 261, BMS, switch 25, or an external monitoring system. Through the above-described lower-level structure, the emergency power supply module 19 can not only provide backup power but also realize protection, monitoring, alarm, and maintenance management functions.

[0121] In a further embodiment, the emergency power supply module 19 can adopt different installation forms. For example, the emergency power supply module 19 can be a rail-mounted module, a panel-mounted module, a drawer-type module, a wall-mounted module, a tray-type module, or a rack-mounted module. For low-power DC backup power supplies, the emergency power supply module 19 can be a rail-mounted module for centralized installation with the miniature circuit breaker 14, terminal block, or power module 20; for UPS and battery-type emergency power supply modules 19, a tray-type module or a rack-mounted module can be used and fixed by mounting beams or mounting plates inside the cabinet 11; for scenarios requiring rapid maintenance and replacement, a drawer-type module can be used, allowing maintenance personnel to replace the module without significantly dismantling surrounding components. By selecting different installation forms, the adaptability of the emergency power supply module 19 to the internal space of the cabinet 11 can be improved.

[0122] In a further embodiment, the emergency power supply module 19 can be integrated with air ducts, heat dissipation holes, a fan 22, or a temperature detection element within the cabinet 11. Since the UPS, battery, charger, or power module 20 may generate heat during operation, when the emergency power supply module 19 is positioned between the auxiliary transformer 13 and the main circuit breaker 12, a heat dissipation gap can be reserved around it, and it can be appropriately isolated from the high-temperature area of ​​the auxiliary transformer 13 using cable trays, partitions, or air guides. A temperature sensor, temperature switch 21, thermal relay, or thermal protection module can be installed within the cabinet 11 to detect the temperature near the emergency power supply module 19. When the temperature exceeds a set value, the fan 22 can be activated or an alarm signal can be output. This structural design reduces the risk of reduced lifespan or failure of the emergency power supply module 19 due to excessive temperature rise.

[0123] In a further embodiment, the emergency power supply module 19 may have communication capabilities. These capabilities can be achieved through an RS485 interface, CAN interface, Ethernet interface, dry contact interface, Modbus communication interface, IEC 61850 communication interface, or other industrial communication interfaces. The emergency power supply module 19 can transmit input voltage, output voltage, output current, battery capacity, battery temperature, remaining backup time, fault status, bypass status, or alarm information to the integrated protection and control device 261, BMS, switch 25, energy storage power station energy management system, or external monitoring system. Through this communication function, maintenance personnel can remotely monitor the operating status of the emergency power supply module 19 and promptly address issues such as insufficient battery capacity, module failure, or input anomalies, thereby improving the intelligent operation and maintenance capabilities of the energy storage low-voltage cabinet 1.

[0124] In summary, the energy storage low-voltage switchgear 1 can not only form conventional auxiliary power distribution and dual power supply backup through the auxiliary transformer 13 and the station auxiliary power supply, but also provide backup power to at least one electrical load through the emergency power supply module 19. The emergency power supply module 19 is located inside the cabinet 11, integrating the emergency power supply function with the main circuit protection, auxiliary transformer, and load distribution functions within the same cabinet 11, reducing the need for external emergency power supply equipment. The emergency power supply module 19 is positioned vertically between the auxiliary transformer 13 and the main circuit breaker 12, making full use of the intermediate space within the cabinet while considering wiring distance, center of gravity stability, heat dissipation, and maintenance convenience. The emergency power supply module 19 is connected to at least one electrical load, ensuring the continued operation of critical electrical loads in the event of a normal power supply failure. Therefore, the reliability, operational safety, and continuous operation capability of the energy storage low-voltage switchgear 1 for critical loads can be further improved.

[0125] In some embodiments, optionally, the energy storage low-voltage cabinet 1 further integrates power conversion and stable output functions within the cabinet 11, enabling the power supply in the auxiliary power supply circuit or distribution circuit to supply power to at least one electrical load after conversion, voltage regulation, or isolation by the power module 20. This structure improves the adaptability of the energy storage low-voltage cabinet 1 to electrical loads with different voltage levels, power supply forms, and stability requirements, and is particularly suitable for control, communication, and monitoring electrical loads that require DC power, regulated power, or isolated power.

[0126] Specifically, the power module 20 is located inside the cabinet 11. The power module 20 can function as a voltage conversion unit, voltage stabilization unit, DC power supply unit, or isolated power supply unit within the energy storage low-voltage cabinet 1. It is used to convert power from the output side of the auxiliary transformer 13, the output side of the dual power transfer switch 15, the output side of the miniature circuit breaker 14, or the output side of the emergency power supply module 19 into the power form required by at least one electrical load. The power module 20 can be directly connected to at least one electrical load, or it can be connected to at least one electrical load through the miniature circuit breaker 14, output terminal block 18, terminal block, fuse, DC circuit breaker, DC terminal block, or distribution unit. By placing the power module 20 inside the cabinet 11, it is possible to avoid setting up a separate DC power supply box or power conversion box, reduce external equipment and cross-cabinet wiring, and improve the functional integration of the energy storage low-voltage cabinet 1.

[0127] The power module 20 is positioned vertically on the side of the main circuit breaker 12 furthest from the auxiliary transformer 13. Since the auxiliary transformer 13 is located below the main circuit breaker in the vertical direction, the side of the main circuit breaker 12 furthest from the auxiliary transformer 13 is typically the upper side or relatively upper region of the main circuit breaker 12. Positioning the power module 20 ensures a certain vertical distance between it and the auxiliary transformer 13, reducing the impact of heat generation, vibration, or high-current input / output cables from the auxiliary transformer 13 on the power module 20. The power module 20 is typically a small, lightweight component with numerous wiring connections, requiring easy observation and maintenance. Placing it on the side of the main circuit breaker 12 furthest from the auxiliary transformer 13 facilitates a cabinet layout where lighter components are positioned above and heavier components below, thus ensuring both cabinet stability and ease of component maintenance.

[0128] The power module 20 is positioned vertically on the side of the main circuit breaker 12 furthest from the auxiliary transformer 13, and its placement can be coordinated with that of the miniature circuit breaker 14. Since the miniature circuit breaker 14 is also located on the side of the main circuit breaker 12 furthest from the auxiliary transformer 13, the power module 20 can be positioned close to the miniature circuit breaker 14, the output terminal block 18, or the control circuit terminals, resulting in shorter wiring distances between the input and output sides of the power module 20. For example, the input of the power module 20 can be powered by a branch of the miniature circuit breaker 14, and the output of the power module 20 can be connected to electrical loads such as controllers, communication equipment, BMS, relay coils, or sensors. This arrangement reduces cable length between the power module 20 and the miniature circuit breaker 14, as well as between the power module 20 and at least one electrical load, minimizing cable crossings and wiring clutter, and improving the neatness of the wiring within the cabinet.

[0129] The power module 20 is connected to at least one electrical load. This at least one electrical load can be a load requiring a specific voltage or a specific power supply type, such as a BMS, switch 25, integrated protection and control device 261, communication equipment, controller, sensor, relay coil, contactor coil, indicator light, instrument, temperature acquisition module, fire control module, access control module, fan 22 control circuit, or liquid cooling control circuit. The power module 20 can provide DC power, regulated AC power, isolated power, or low-voltage safety power to the aforementioned at least one electrical load. By connecting the power module 20 to at least one electrical load, these loads can avoid directly bearing voltage fluctuations in the auxiliary power supply circuit, thus improving their power supply stability and operational reliability.

[0130] In one specific embodiment, the power module 20 can be an AC / DC power module, used to convert the AC power output from the auxiliary transformer 13, the dual power transfer switch 15, or the miniature circuit breaker 14 into DC power. The output voltage of the AC / DC power module can be DC12V, DC24V, DC48V, DC110V, DC220V, or other DC voltages adapted to the electrical load. Specifically, DC24V power can be used for relay coils, sensors, controllers, or indicating devices; DC48V power can be used for communication equipment, the switch 25, or some control equipment; and DC110V or DC220V power can be used for specific protection and control equipment or DC control systems. By setting up the AC / DC power module, the energy storage low-voltage cabinet 1 can complete the conversion from AC auxiliary power to DC control power within the cabinet 11, improving its adaptability to DC electrical loads.

[0131] In another specific embodiment, the power module 20 can be a DC / DC power module, used to convert the existing DC power supply in the cabinet into another DC voltage required by at least one electrical load. For example, the power module 20 can convert DC48V to DC24V, DC24V to DC12V, or convert high-voltage DC control power to low-voltage DC control power. The DC / DC power module can be an isolated DC / DC power module or a non-isolated DC / DC power module. The isolated DC / DC power module 20 can form electrical isolation between the input and output sides, which is beneficial for reducing interference conduction and improving load safety; the non-isolated DC / DC power module 20 has a relatively simple structure and high conversion efficiency, and can be used in branches with lower isolation requirements. By setting up DC / DC power modules, the differentiated requirements of different DC electrical loads for voltage levels and isolation performance can be met.

[0132] In another specific embodiment, the power module 20 can be a regulated power module, a switching power module, a linear power module, a redundant power module, a rail-mounted power module, a rack-mounted power module, a modular power unit, or a power module with UPS functionality. The regulated power module 20 can be used to improve output voltage stability; the switching power module 20 is small in size and highly efficient, suitable for integrated installation within a cabinet; the linear power module 20 has low output ripple, suitable for loads sensitive to power supply noise; the redundant power module 20 can improve power supply reliability by connecting two or more power units in parallel or in a redundant configuration; the rail-mounted power module 20 is easy to install in the same area as the miniature circuit breaker 14 and terminal blocks; the power module 20 with UPS functionality can maintain output during short-term input interruptions. Through these different sub-concepts, the power module 20 can be flexibly configured according to the power supply needs of different electrical loads within the energy storage low-voltage cabinet 1.

[0133] In a further embodiment, the input terminal of the power module 20 can be electrically connected to the output terminal of the dual power transfer switch 15 via a miniature circuit breaker 14, and the output terminal of the power module 20 is connected to at least one electrical load via an output terminal block 18. In this structure, the dual power transfer switch 15 is used to select the power source between the output power of the auxiliary transformer 13 and the station auxiliary power supply; the miniature circuit breaker 14 is used to protect the input branch of the power module 20; the power module 20 is used to convert the input power into the output power required by at least one electrical load; and the output terminal block 18 is used to provide a standardized wiring interface for at least one electrical load. Through this connection method, the power module 20 can possess both front-end dual power backup power supply protection and branch protection and terminalized outgoing wiring capabilities, improving the reliability and maintainability of the power supply branch of the power module 20.

[0134] In a further embodiment, the power module 20 may be equipped with input protection devices, output protection devices, status indicator lights, an output adjustment knob, alarm contacts, or a communication interface. The input protection devices may be fuses, miniature circuit breakers, or surge protectors to protect the input side of the power module 20; the output protection devices may be electronic current limiting circuits, fuses, DC circuit breakers, or overload protection circuits to protect the output side of the power module 20; the status indicator lights may display normal input, normal output, fault, overload, or alarm status; the output adjustment knob may be used to fine-tune the output voltage; the alarm contacts may output a power fault signal; and the communication interface may be an RS485 interface, CAN interface, Ethernet interface, Modbus interface, or dry contact interface. Through these lower-level structures, the power module 20 can not only provide power conversion but also realize protection, monitoring, alarm, and remote status uploading.

[0135] In a further embodiment, the power module 20 may be connected to the output terminal block 18 via a DC terminal block, a diode redundancy module, an isolator, a filter, an electromagnetic compatibility module, or a grounding terminal. The DC terminal block is used to distribute the DC power output of the power module 20; the diode redundancy module prevents backflow when multiple power modules 20 are connected in parallel for redundancy; the isolator isolates signal or power branches; the filter and electromagnetic compatibility module reduce power output ripple or electromagnetic interference; and the grounding terminal reliably grounds the power module 20's housing or shielding layer. This structure improves the stability, anti-interference capability, and safety of the power output of the power module 20.

[0136] In a further embodiment, the power module 20 can be used in conjunction with the emergency power supply module 19. The input terminal of the power module 20 can be connected to the output terminal of the emergency power supply module 19, enabling the power module 20 to still receive input power and output a stable voltage to at least one electrical load when the normal power supply is abnormal; alternatively, the emergency power supply module 19 can be connected to the output side of the power module 20 to maintain power supply to critical loads on the output side when the input of the power module 20 is abnormal. By using the power module 20 in conjunction with the emergency power supply module 19, at least one electrical load can simultaneously obtain voltage conversion, voltage regulation, and backup power capabilities, making it suitable for critical loads such as communication equipment, BMS, integrated protection and control device 261, and monitoring equipment.

[0137] In summary, the energy storage low-voltage cabinet 1 can further realize power conversion, voltage stabilization, isolation, or DC output functions within the same cabinet 11. The power module 20 is located within the cabinet 11, reducing external power conversion equipment and cross-cabinet wiring. The power module 20 is positioned vertically on the side of the main circuit breaker 12 away from the auxiliary transformer 13, keeping it away from the heavier and more heat-generating auxiliary transformer 13, and close to the miniature circuit breaker 14, output terminal block 18, or control and distribution area, facilitating wiring, heat dissipation, observation, and maintenance. The power module 20 is connected to at least one electrical load, enabling the energy storage low-voltage cabinet 1 to provide a stable power supply for control, communication, monitoring, or other specific voltage-requirement loads. This improves the adaptability of the energy storage low-voltage cabinet 1 to various types of electrical loads, enhances power supply stability, increases cabinet integration, and improves operation and maintenance convenience.

[0138] In some embodiments, the temperature status of the auxiliary transformer 13 can be converted into an electrical control signal via a temperature switch 21, and the fan 22 can be started and stopped via an intermediate relay 23, so that the fan 22 can dissipate heat from the auxiliary transformer 13 according to the temperature rise status of the auxiliary transformer 13. This structure can form a temperature-controlled heat dissipation circuit for the auxiliary transformer 13 within the cabinet 11, reducing the risk of long-term high-temperature operation of the auxiliary transformer 13 and improving the operational reliability of the auxiliary transformer 13 and the energy storage low-voltage cabinet 1.

[0139] Specifically, temperature switch 21 is located on auxiliary transformer 13. Temperature switch 21 can be directly installed on the core, windings, casing, clamps, heat dissipation surface, insulating support, or near a location with high winding temperature rise of auxiliary transformer 13. Alternatively, it can be fixed to auxiliary transformer 13 using mounting brackets, pressure plates, screws, clips, thermally conductive adhesive, or binding materials. Temperature switch 21 is used to detect the temperature of auxiliary transformer 13 or respond to temperature rise changes near auxiliary transformer 13, and changes its contact state when the temperature of auxiliary transformer 13 reaches a preset operating temperature. By placing temperature switch 21 on auxiliary transformer 13, it can directly reflect the operating temperature rise status of auxiliary transformer 13, thereby improving the targeting and accuracy of fan 22 control.

[0140] Temperature switch 21 may include normally open temperature switch, normally closed temperature switch, bimetallic temperature switch, thermistor temperature switch, mechanical temperature control switch, electronic temperature control switch, temperature control relay, temperature switch 21 formed by temperature sensor and temperature control module, temperature switch 21 formed by PT100 temperature sensing element and controller, temperature switch 21 formed by NTC thermistor and controller, or a temperature controller specifically for dry-type transformers. The operating temperature of temperature switch 21 can be set according to the insulation class, rated capacity, operating environment, and heat dissipation requirements of auxiliary transformer 13. For example, it can be set to 60℃, 70℃, 80℃, 90℃, 100℃, or other suitable temperature values ​​for heat dissipation control of auxiliary transformer 13. Temperature switch 21 may also have a reset temperature, so that after the temperature of auxiliary transformer 13 drops to the set range, temperature switch 21 returns to its initial state, thereby stopping fan 22 or removing it from forced cooling state.

[0141] Fan 22 is located inside cabinet 11, and is positioned opposite to auxiliary transformer 13. "Fan 22 is positioned opposite to auxiliary transformer 13" can be understood as the fan 22's outlet airflow direction facing auxiliary transformer 13, or the fan 22's inlet airflow direction facing auxiliary transformer 13, or the fan 22 being positioned on the side, bottom, top, front, or rear of auxiliary transformer 13, forming corresponding airflow paths with auxiliary transformer 13. Through this relative positioning, when fan 22 is running, airflow can pass over the surface of auxiliary transformer 13, around the windings, near the core, or through heat dissipation channels, thereby carrying away the heat generated by auxiliary transformer 13 during operation. Compared to fan 22 being far from auxiliary transformer 13 or simply located in a normal ventilation position within cabinet 11, the relative positioning of fan 22 and auxiliary transformer 13 improves airflow utilization efficiency, concentrates heat dissipation, and reduces localized temperature rise of auxiliary transformer 13.

[0142] The fan 22 may include an axial flow fan, a centrifugal fan, a crossflow fan, an internal circulation fan, a filter fan, a DC fan, an AC fan, a speed-regulating fan, a temperature-controlled fan, a fan with a protective mesh, or a fan with filter cotton. In one specific embodiment, the fan 22 may be an axial flow fan, installed on one side of the auxiliary transformer 13, with the airflow direction facing the auxiliary transformer 13, to provide forced air cooling for the auxiliary transformer 13. In another specific embodiment, the fan 22 may be an internal circulation fan, used to enhance airflow around the auxiliary transformer 13 and reduce local heat accumulation inside the cabinet 11. In yet another specific embodiment, the fan 22 may be a filter fan, which may be installed on the side wall or at the ventilation opening of the cabinet door of the cabinet 11, filtering the air entering the cabinet 11 while introducing external air or expelling hot air from inside the cabinet. By selecting different types of fans 22, they can be adapted according to the protection level of the cabinet 11, the heat generation of the auxiliary transformer 13, the ventilation conditions of the energy storage compartment, and maintenance requirements.

[0143] An intermediate relay 23 is located inside the cabinet 11, and its coil is connected to the temperature switch 21. The intermediate relay 23 is also electrically connected to the fan 22 to control its operation. Specifically, the temperature switch 21 can be connected in series or parallel in the control circuit of the intermediate relay 23 coil. When the temperature of the auxiliary transformer 13 reaches the operating temperature of the temperature switch 21, the contact state of the temperature switch 21 changes, energizing or de-energizing the coil of the intermediate relay 23. The contacts of the intermediate relay 23 are then connected to the power supply circuit of the fan 22 to control the power supply to the fan 22. Through this connection, the temperature switch 21 does not need to directly carry the operating current of the fan 22; instead, it only controls the coil of the intermediate relay 23. The intermediate relay 23 then controls the operation of the fan 22 through its contacts, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the control circuit.

[0144] Intermediate relay 23 may include electromagnetic intermediate relays, solid-state relays, DIN rail intermediate relays, pluggable intermediate relays, intermediate relays with indicator lights, intermediate relays with manual test buttons, intermediate relays with multiple sets of changeover contacts, time relays, or miniature contactors. When the power of the fan 22 is low, the intermediate relay 23 can directly control the power supply of the fan 22 through its normally open or normally closed contacts. When the power of the fan 22 is high or the number of fans 22 is large, the intermediate relay 23 can serve as a control-level component, with its contacts controlling the contactor coil, which in turn controls the main circuit of the fan 22. The intermediate relay 23 can be installed on a standard DIN rail, mounting plate, relay socket, or inside the control area of ​​the cabinet 11, and can be placed close to the auxiliary transformer 13 and the fan 22 to shorten the length of the control cable between the temperature switch 21, the intermediate relay 23, and the fan 22.

[0145] In one specific embodiment, the temperature switch 21 is a normally open temperature switch, and the coil of the intermediate relay 23 is connected in series with the normally open temperature switch. When the temperature of the auxiliary transformer 13 is lower than the preset operating temperature, the temperature switch 21 is open, the coil of the intermediate relay 23 is not energized, and the fan 22 is in a stopped state. When the temperature of the auxiliary transformer 13 rises to the preset operating temperature, the temperature switch 21 closes, the coil of the intermediate relay 23 is energized, the normally open contact of the intermediate relay 23 closes, the fan 22 is energized and runs, and dissipates heat from the auxiliary transformer 13. When the temperature of the auxiliary transformer 13 drops to the reset temperature, the temperature switch 21 opens, the coil of the intermediate relay 23 is de-energized, and the fan 22 stops running. This control method enables the fan 22 to operate only when the temperature of the auxiliary transformer 13 is high, reducing the ineffective operating time of the fan 22, reducing the energy consumption and noise of the fan 22, and extending the service life of the fan 22.

[0146] In another specific embodiment, the temperature switch 21 is a normally closed temperature switch, and the intermediate relay 23 can realize the start / stop or fault protection of the fan 22 through corresponding control logic. For example, when the temperature of the auxiliary transformer 13 is within the normal range, the normally closed temperature switch remains closed, and the intermediate relay 23 is in a predetermined state; when the temperature of the auxiliary transformer 13 exceeds the set value, the normally closed temperature switch opens, causing the state of the intermediate relay 23 to change, and controlling the fan 22 to start or output a temperature abnormality signal. This method can be used in conjunction with alarm circuits, fault interlocking circuits, or remote monitoring circuits, so that the temperature switch 21 can not only be used for fan 22 control, but also for auxiliary transformer 13 over-temperature indication or protection linkage.

[0147] In a further embodiment, a circuit breaker, fuse, terminal block, contactor, thermal relay, or power indicator light can be installed between the intermediate relay 23 and the fan 22. The circuit breaker or fuse of the fan 22 is used to provide short-circuit and overload protection for the fan 22 circuit; the terminal block is used to standardize the connection between the power supply line and control line of the fan 22; the contactor is used to control the higher-power fan 22; the thermal relay is used to provide overload protection for the fan 22 motor; and the power indicator light is used to display the power supply status of the fan 22. Through these lower-level structures, the fan 22 control circuit can have more complete protection, indication, and maintenance functions, improving the safety of the temperature control and heat dissipation system inside the cabinet 11.

[0148] In a further embodiment, the fan 22 can be configured in conjunction with ventilation holes, louvers, filters, air ducts, air guides, exhaust vents, or air inlets on the cabinet 11. When the fan 22 is positioned opposite the auxiliary transformer 13, the airflow generated by the fan 22 can be guided to the windings or heat dissipation surface of the auxiliary transformer 13 via the air guides, or the hot air near the auxiliary transformer 13 can be exhausted from the cabinet 11 via the exhaust vents on the cabinet 11. Ventilation holes or louvers can be installed on the side panels, doors, bottom plates, or top plates of the cabinet 11, and filters can be used to prevent dust from entering the cabinet 11. Through the coordination of the fan 22, the ventilation structure, and the air guide structure, a more stable airflow path can be formed, improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the auxiliary transformer 13 and reducing the risk of heat accumulation affecting other components inside the cabinet 11.

[0149] In a further embodiment, the temperature switch 21 or intermediate relay 23 can also be connected to an integrated protection and control device, BMS, switch 25, external monitoring system, or energy management system of the energy storage power station. The operating signal of the temperature switch 21, the operating status of the intermediate relay 23, or the operating status of the fan 22 can be uploaded via auxiliary contacts, dry contacts, communication modules, or input acquisition modules. Through this structure, maintenance personnel can remotely obtain the temperature rise status of the auxiliary transformer 13 and the operating status of the fan 22, and promptly handle situations where the fan 22 fails to start as expected, the auxiliary transformer 13 overheats, or the control circuit malfunctions. This further solution can improve the monitorability and intelligent operation and maintenance capabilities of the temperature control system of the energy storage low-voltage cabinet 1.

[0150] In a further embodiment, the intermediate relay 23 can be configured with a manual / automatic switching circuit. In automatic mode, the fan 22 is automatically controlled by the temperature switch 21 and the intermediate relay 23; in manual mode, maintenance personnel can control the fan 22 to start via a manual switch, button, or knob for commissioning, maintenance, or forced cooling. The manual / automatic switching circuit can be equipped with a status indicator light to display the current control mode. By setting the manual / automatic switching function, the flexibility of fan 22 control can be improved, facilitating manual intervention during auxiliary transformer 13 maintenance, cabinet 11 commissioning, or high-temperature environments.

[0151] In summary, the energy storage low-voltage switchgear 1 can automatically control the operation of the fan 22 based on the temperature status of the auxiliary transformer 13. The temperature switch 21 is located on the auxiliary transformer 13, ensuring the temperature detection point directly corresponds to the heat source of the auxiliary transformer 13. The fan 22 is located inside the cabinet 11 and is positioned opposite the auxiliary transformer 13, allowing the airflow generated by the fan 22 to effectively act on the auxiliary transformer 13, improving heat dissipation efficiency. The coil of the intermediate relay 23 is connected to the temperature switch 21, and the intermediate relay 23 is electrically connected to the fan 22 to control its operation. This allows the temperature switch 21 to indirectly control the fan 22 via the relay, avoiding the temperature switch 21 directly carrying the fan 22 current and improving the reliability of the control circuit. Therefore, it can reduce the temperature rise of the auxiliary transformer 13, delay insulation aging, reduce the risk of thermal failure, and further improve the operational safety, stability, and service life of the energy storage low-voltage switchgear 1.

[0152] In some embodiments, optionally, the energy storage low-voltage cabinet 1, in addition to having functions such as main circuit protection, auxiliary transformation, dual power supply switching, miniature circuit breaker 14 power distribution, emergency power supply, and temperature control and heat dissipation, further integrates protection, transfer, signal acquisition, or control interface structures related to the battery management system within the cabinet 11, enabling the battery management system-related circuits to be centrally installed and protected within the cabinet 11. This structure improves the integration, wiring clarity, and maintenance convenience of the energy storage low-voltage cabinet 1 for battery management system-related circuits. Furthermore, by arranging the battery management system protection board 24 at a specific height and away from the output-side copper busbar 122, it reduces electromagnetic interference, thermal effects, and spatial interference from the main power circuit to the battery management system protection board 24.

[0153] Specifically, the battery management system protection board 24 is located inside the cabinet 11. The battery management system protection board 24 serves as a mounting carrier and functional module for battery management system-related signal, control, power, or protection circuits, and is used to house battery management system-related protection devices, adapter terminals, communication interfaces, power interfaces, sampling interfaces, isolation devices, or signal processing devices. The battery management system protection board 24 can be fixed inside the cabinet 11 using screws, clips, guide rails, insulating supports, mounting plates, brackets, or backplates. By placing the battery management system protection board 24 inside the cabinet 11, the battery management system-related wiring does not require a separate small control box or protection box, reducing the number of external devices and the length of cross-cabinet wiring, thus improving the integration of the energy storage low-voltage cabinet 1.

[0154] The battery management system protection board 24 may include a BMS protection board, a BMS adapter board, a BMS interface board, a BMS signal protection board, a battery sampling protection board, a battery communication protection board, a battery control protection board, a battery management system wiring board, a battery management system isolation board, or a printed circuit board integrating protective components. In one specific embodiment, the battery management system protection board 24 may be a printed circuit board on which fuses, transient suppression diodes, varistors, optocouplers, relays, terminal blocks, communication interfaces, or power interfaces are disposed. In another specific embodiment, the battery management system protection board 24 may be a mounting board with terminal blocks and protective devices, used for centralized transfer and protection of BMS power lines, communication lines, dry contact signal lines, or control lines. By selecting different forms of battery management system protection boards 24, the voltage level, communication method, signal type, and installation requirements of different battery management systems can be adapted.

[0155] The battery management system protection board 24 is positioned vertically between the auxiliary transformer 13 and the main circuit breaker 12. That is, in the height direction of the cabinet 11, the auxiliary transformer 13 is located relatively lower, the main circuit breaker 12 is located relatively upper or in the middle area, and the battery management system protection board 24 is located in the middle area between the auxiliary transformer 13 and the main circuit breaker 12. This positioning fully utilizes the cabinet space between the auxiliary transformer 13 and the main circuit breaker 12, ensuring that the battery management system protection board 24 does not occupy the heavy equipment installation space below the auxiliary transformer 13, nor does it excessively interfere with the operation, maintenance, and main circuit copper busbar connection areas of the main circuit breaker 12. Through this arrangement, a clear functional hierarchy can be formed inside the energy storage low-voltage cabinet 1: the auxiliary transformer 13 is located at a lower position for auxiliary power conversion, the battery management system protection board 24 is located in the middle area for signal protection and switching, and the main circuit breaker 12 is located at a higher or middle position for main circuit switching and protection.

[0156] The battery management system protection board 24 is positioned vertically between the auxiliary transformer 13 and the main circuit breaker 12, balancing wiring distance, maintenance height, and environmental impact. The battery management system protection board 24 typically connects to relatively low-voltage or control circuits such as the BMS, communication equipment, sensors, sampling lines, control lines, or power modules 20. Its placement in the middle height area facilitates maintenance personnel's observation of terminal markings, connector insertion / removal, signal voltage detection, or replacement of protection devices. Compared to placing the battery management system protection board 24 at the bottom of the cabinet 11, this placement reduces its susceptibility to moisture, dust, or cable compression from the bottom of the cabinet 11; compared to placing it at the top of the cabinet 11, this placement avoids excessive installation and maintenance height and reduces the upward shift of the cabinet 11's center of gravity. Therefore, positioning the battery management system protection board 24 vertically between the auxiliary transformer 13 and the main circuit breaker 12 improves its installation stability, operational convenience, and long-term operational reliability.

[0157] The battery management system protection board 24 is positioned away from the output-side copper busbar 122 in the first direction. Since the output-side copper busbar 122 is used to connect the main transformer and is typically a high-current conductor in the main circuit, it may generate electromagnetic fields, heat, and strong short-circuit electrodynamic forces during operation. Positioning the battery management system protection board 24 away from the output-side copper busbar 122 in the first direction maintains a larger spatial distance between them, thereby reducing the possibility of electromagnetic interference caused by large current changes in the output-side copper busbar 122 on the communication signals, sampling signals, or control signals on the battery management system protection board 24. Simultaneously, being away from the output-side copper busbar 122 also reduces the thermal impact of heat generated by the output-side copper busbar 122 on the electronic components, connectors, insulators, and cables on the battery management system protection board 24, which is beneficial for improving the operational stability of the battery management system protection board 24.

[0158] The battery management system protection board 24 is positioned away from the output-side copper busbar 122 in the first direction, which also allows for spatial separation between the low-voltage control area and the main circuit output area. The output-side copper busbar 122 is used to connect the main transformer and typically requires a large electrical safety distance, creepage distance, maintenance space, and outgoing cable space; the battery management system protection board 24 typically involves low-voltage control signals, communication signals, battery status acquisition signals, or protection control signals. Positioning the battery management system protection board 24 away from the output-side copper busbar 122 in the first direction avoids dense intersections of the low-voltage wiring harness and the high-current copper busbar of the main circuit in the same area, reducing the risk of accidental contact with live copper busbars, cable insulation wear, and signal interference. It also facilitates the formation of strong and weak current zones within the cabinet 11, making the main circuit outgoing cable area and the battery management system protection board 24 installation area relatively independent, thereby improving the safety and readability of the internal layout of the cabinet 11.

[0159] In one specific embodiment, the first direction can be the left-right direction of the cabinet 11. When the output-side copper busbar 122 is located to the right of the main circuit breaker 12, the battery management system protection board 24 can be located in a relatively left-hand area; when the output-side copper busbar 122 is located to the left of the main circuit breaker 12, the battery management system protection board 24 can be located in a relatively right-hand area. In other words, the battery management system protection board 24 can be arranged in a position opposite to the output-side copper busbar 122 in the first direction, or arranged close to the input-side copper busbar 121 but maintaining a safe distance from it. By this arrangement, the battery management system protection board 24 can be kept away from the high-current circuit on the output side of the main transformer, which is particularly suitable for energy storage systems where the output-side copper busbar 122 is connected to the low-voltage side of the main transformer and carries a large current.

[0160] In another specific embodiment, the first direction can be the front-to-back direction of the cabinet 11. When the output-side copper busbar 122 is arranged near the rear of the cabinet 11, the battery management system protection board 24 can be arranged near the front of the cabinet 11; when the output-side copper busbar 122 is arranged near the front of the cabinet 11, the battery management system protection board 24 can be arranged near the rear of the cabinet 11. This method is applicable to cabinet 11 structures with front-to-back partition wiring or front-to-back door maintenance. By positioning the battery management system protection board 24 away from the output-side copper busbar 122 in the first direction, maintenance personnel can avoid the high-current area on the main circuit output side when maintaining the battery management system protection board 24, improving maintenance safety.

[0161] In a further embodiment, the battery management system protection board 24 can be electrically connected to the BMS, or to the BMS's sampling harness, communication harness, power harness, control harness, or dry contact harness. The battery management system protection board 24 can transfer, distribute, protect, isolate, or filter BMS-related circuits. Specifically, the battery management system protection board 24 can be connected to battery clusters, battery packs, battery racks, BMS master controller, BMS slave controller, energy storage converter controller, switch 25, integrated protection and control device 261, or external monitoring systems. Through these connections, the battery management system protection board 24 can serve as a centralized interface for battery management system-related lines within the energy storage low-voltage cabinet 1, facilitating line organization, maintenance, and fault location.

[0162] In a further embodiment, protection devices may be provided on the battery management system protection board 24. These protection devices may include fuses, resettable fuses, transient voltage suppressor diodes, varistors, gas discharge tubes, surge protectors, current-limiting resistors, isolation transformers, optocouplers, common-mode inductors, filter capacitors, ferrite beads, or reverse-connection protection diodes. Fuses or resettable fuses can be used to provide overcurrent protection for the power supply or signal circuits on the battery management system protection board 24; transient voltage suppressor diodes, varistors, or gas discharge tubes can be used to suppress surge voltages and electrostatic discharge; optocouplers or isolation transformers can be used to improve the isolation capability between different electrical circuits; and common-mode inductors, filter capacitors, or ferrite beads can be used to reduce interference in communication lines or sampling lines. These lower-level protection structures can improve the anti-interference capability and safety of BMS-related signals and power supply circuits.

[0163] In a further embodiment, connectors or terminals may be provided on the battery management system protection board 24. These connectors or terminals may include pluggable terminals, screw terminals, spring terminals, board-to-wire connectors, aviation plugs, RJ45 interfaces, DB9 interfaces, CAN communication interfaces, RS485 communication interfaces, Ethernet interfaces, dry contact terminals, power input terminals, power output terminals, or sampling line terminals. By providing these connectors or terminals, the battery management system protection board 24 can easily connect to different types of battery management system circuits, and enables quick plugging / unplugging, quick testing, or quick replacement during assembly, debugging, and maintenance.

[0164] In a further embodiment, the battery management system protection board 24 may be equipped with a shielding structure or an isolation structure. The shielding structure may include a metal shielding cover, a shielding grounding terminal, a shielding clamp, a shielding layer grounding busbar, or a metal mounting plate; the isolation structure may include an insulating partition, an insulating support, a cable tray partition, a strong / weak current separation board, or a protective cover. Since the battery management system protection board 24 is positioned away from the output-side copper busbar 122 in the first direction, the shielding structure or isolation structure, in conjunction with these components, can further reduce electromagnetic interference and safety impacts on the battery management system protection board 24 from the output-side copper busbar 122 and other high-voltage circuits. The shielding structure can be reliably connected to the grounding busbar of the cabinet 11 to discharge interference current or static electricity to ground, improving the stability of communication signals.

[0165] In a further embodiment, the battery management system protection board 24 may have a status indication function. This status indication function can be implemented through a power indicator light, communication indicator light, fault indicator light, fuse indicator, alarm light, or display module. For example, the power indicator light shows whether the battery management system protection board 24 is powered normally, the communication indicator light shows the CAN, RS485, or Ethernet communication status, and the fault indicator light indicates the activation of protection devices, communication abnormalities, or power abnormalities. By setting the status indication function, maintenance personnel can intuitively judge the operating status of the battery management system protection board 24 after opening the cabinet 11, improving troubleshooting efficiency.

[0166] In a further embodiment, the battery management system protection board 24 can be electrically connected to the power module 20 or the emergency power supply module 19. The power module 20 can provide the battery management system protection board 24 with DC 12V, DC 24V, DC 48V, or other DC operating power; the emergency power supply module 19 can continue to supply power to the battery management system protection board 24 or its connected BMS when the conventional auxiliary power supply is abnormal. Through the connection relationship, the battery management system protection board 24 and its related BMS circuits can obtain stable power supply or backup power supply, avoiding BMS communication interruption, abnormal status acquisition, or protection logic exit due to short-term interruption of auxiliary power supply.

[0167] In a further embodiment, the battery management system protection board 24 can be configured in conjunction with the output terminal block 18, the miniature circuit breaker 14, the switch 25, or the integrated protection and control device 261. The miniature circuit breaker 14 can provide branch protection for the power input branch of the battery management system protection board 24; the output terminal block 18 can serve as a standardized interface for external wiring of the battery management system protection board 24; the switch 25 can connect to the Ethernet communication interface of the battery management system protection board 24 or the BMS; and the integrated protection and control device 261 can collect fault signals, alarm signals, or status signals output by the battery management system protection board 24. Through the above coordination, the battery management system protection board 24 can not only achieve local protection and switching, but also be integrated into the overall monitoring, control, and power distribution system of the energy storage low-voltage cabinet 1.

[0168] In summary, the low-voltage energy storage cabinet 1 provides centralized installation, connection, protection, isolation, and status indication functions for the battery management system (BMS) related circuits within the cabinet 11. The BMS protection board 24 is located within the cabinet 11, reducing the need for external BMS protection boxes or adapter boxes and improving the integration of the cabinet 11. The BMS protection board 24 is positioned vertically between the auxiliary transformer 13 and the main circuit breaker 12, making full use of the space within the cabinet while considering wiring convenience, maintenance height, and installation stability. The BMS protection board 24 is positioned away from the output-side copper busbar 122 in the first direction, keeping it away from the high-current conductors on the main circuit output side, reducing electromagnetic interference, thermal effects, and the risk of cross-contamination between strong and weak currents. Therefore, the reliability, safety, anti-interference capability, and ease of operation and maintenance of the battery management system related circuits in the low-voltage energy storage cabinet 1 can be improved.

[0169] Optionally, in some embodiments, the energy storage low-voltage cabinet 1, in addition to having a battery management system protection board 24 for protecting, transferring, and isolating the relevant lines of the battery management system, further integrates communication aggregation and measurement and control display functions within the cabinet 11. This enables the battery management system protection board 24, the protection and measurement and control device 261, and the external monitoring system to establish a communication link through a switch 25. This structure improves the data interaction capability, status monitoring capability, remote communication capability, and on-site operation and maintenance convenience of the energy storage low-voltage cabinet 1, allowing it to be used not only as a low-voltage power distribution and protection device but also as an integrated node for low-voltage side information acquisition, communication forwarding, and measurement and control display in the energy storage system.

[0170] Specifically, the switch 25 is located inside the cabinet 11. The switch 25 can be fixed to the mounting plate, guide rail, bracket, side beam, communication installation area, or low-voltage installation area of ​​the cabinet 11. As a communication aggregation component within the cabinet 11, the switch 25 can aggregate communication data from the battery management system protection board 24, protection and control device 261, BMS, communication module, controller, sensor, integrated monitoring equipment, or other intelligent components, and transmit the relevant data to the energy storage power station monitoring system, energy management system, station control system, backend server, remote operation and maintenance platform, or host computer. By placing the switch 25 inside the cabinet 11, the need for external communication boxes or independent communication cabinets can be reduced, further integrating the electrical protection, auxiliary power distribution, and communication networking functions within the energy storage low-voltage cabinet 1, reducing the length of communication cables between cabinets, and improving the centralization and reliability of communication connections.

[0171] Switch 25 may include an industrial Ethernet switch, an unmanaged switch, a managed switch, a ring network switch, a fiber optic switch, a gigabit switch, a 100 Mbps switch, a PoE switch, a DIN rail switch, a rack-mount switch, or a switch with a redundant ring network protocol. In one specific embodiment, switch 25 may be a DIN rail industrial Ethernet switch, suitable for installation on standard DIN rails within cabinet 11, and capable of adapting to the temperature, humidity, vibration, and electromagnetic environment within the energy storage compartment. In another specific embodiment, switch 25 may be a fiber optic switch, capable of communicating externally via fiber optic interfaces to reduce electromagnetic interference during long-distance communication. In yet another specific embodiment, switch 25 may be a managed switch, capable of supporting VLANs, port mirroring, network diagnostics, ring network protection, network storm suppression, or remote management functions to improve the maintainability and stability of the communication network of the low-voltage energy storage cabinet 1.

[0172] The switch 25 communicates with the battery management system protection board 24. This communication connection can be achieved via Ethernet cable, shielded twisted-pair cable, fiber optic cable, CAN-to-Ethernet module, RS485-to-Ethernet module, communication adapter cable, communication terminals, or communication connectors. The battery management system protection board 24 can connect to the switch 25 through its own communication interface, communication terminals, or communication conversion module to upload battery status data, alarm data, protection action information, communication status information, or power status information related to the battery management system to the switch 25. Through this communication connection, the battery management system protection board 24 is no longer merely a local protection or transfer component, but can be integrated into the communication network of the energy storage low-voltage cabinet 1, thereby facilitating external systems to obtain relevant battery management system status and improving the monitorability and information level of the relevant circuits of the battery management system.

[0173] The communication connection between the switch 25 and the battery management system protection board 24 also has the advantage that the battery management system protection board 24 is positioned away from the output copper busbar 122 in the first direction, which reduces the impact of the high current output area of ​​the main circuit on its communication signal. Furthermore, after the switch 25, as a communication aggregation component, is connected to the battery management system protection board 24, it can further concentrate the low-voltage communication lines in an area relatively far from the high-voltage interference source of the main circuit. This reduces the crossings between communication cables and the output copper busbar 122, input copper busbar 121, main circuit circuit breaker 12, and other high-current conductors, which helps improve the stability of the communication signal and reduces the risk of data packet loss, communication errors, or abnormal interruptions.

[0174] The switch 25 is positioned vertically on the side of the main circuit breaker 12 furthest from the auxiliary transformer 13. Since the auxiliary transformer 13 is located below the main circuit breaker in the vertical direction, the switch 25's placement on the side of the main circuit breaker 12 furthest from the auxiliary transformer 13 can generally be understood as the switch 25 being located above or relatively above the main circuit breaker 12. This positional relationship keeps the switch 25 away from the auxiliary transformer 13, thereby reducing the interference from heat, vibration, and electromagnetic influences generated by the auxiliary transformer 13 during operation. The switch 25 is typically a low-voltage communication device, requiring high levels of temperature rise, electromagnetic interference, and neat wiring. Placing it away from the auxiliary transformer 13 improves the operating environment of the switch 25, enhancing the stability and lifespan of the communication equipment.

[0175] The switch 25 is positioned vertically on the side of the main circuit breaker 12 furthest from the auxiliary transformer 13. It can also form a relatively concentrated arrangement with low-voltage or control distribution areas such as the miniature circuit breaker 14, power module 20, output terminal block 18, or protection and control device 261. Since the miniature circuit breaker 14 and power module 20 can also be positioned on the side of the main circuit breaker 12 furthest from the auxiliary transformer 13, the switch 25, once positioned in the area, can easily connect to the power module 20 to obtain DC24V, DC48V, or other operating power supplies. It can also easily communicate with the protection and control device 261, battery management system protection board 24, or external communication terminals. This layout reduces the length of communication and power cables crossing the main circuit area within the cabinet 11, reduces cross-connections between high and low voltage wires, and improves the neatness of wiring and assembly efficiency within the cabinet.

[0176] Switch 25 is used for external communication. External communication can be achieved by switch 25 interacting with the energy management system, station control system, monitoring backend, remote operation and maintenance platform, PCS control system, fire protection system, environmental monitoring system, data acquisition gateway, or other external communication devices outside the cabinet 11 via its communication ports. The interfaces for external communication of switch 25 may include RJ45 Ethernet interfaces, fiber optic interfaces, SFP optical module interfaces, RS485 interfaces, CAN interfaces, serial server interfaces, or wireless communication gateway interfaces. In one specific embodiment, switch 25 connects to the external monitoring system via an RJ45 interface, suitable for communication scenarios with short distances between the inside and outside of the cabinet; in another specific embodiment, switch 25 connects to the station control system via a fiber optic interface, suitable for long-distance communication or energy storage power station scenarios with strong electromagnetic interference. Through switch 25 for external communication, the status information of devices such as the battery management system protection board 24 and protection and control device 261 inside the low-voltage energy storage cabinet 1 can be uniformly uploaded, and query, control, or configuration commands issued by external systems can be received.

[0177] Door 26 is movably connected to cabinet 11. Door 26 serves as the opening and closing structure of cabinet 11, providing shelter, protection, and access for maintenance of internal components. The movable connection between door 26 and cabinet 11 can be achieved through hinges, pivots, slide rails, quick-release connectors, latches, door locks, limiters, or damping hinges. In one embodiment, door 26 is a front door, movably connected to the front of cabinet 11 via hinges, allowing maintenance personnel to open door 26 from the front of cabinet 11 and access the protection and control device 261, miniature circuit breaker 14, output terminal block 18, or other operating elements. In another embodiment, door 26 can be a rear door or a side door to accommodate rear, side, or front / rear partitioned maintenance of cabinet 11. The movable connection between door 26 and cabinet 11 protects internal components during normal operation and provides access for maintenance, thus balancing safety and ease of maintenance.

[0178] A protection and control device 261 is installed on the door 26. The protection and control device 261 can be installed in the opening area of ​​the door 26, in an embedded mounting position, a panel mounting position, or on the inner bracket of the door 26. Since the door 26 is usually facing the operator, placing the protection and control device 261 on the door 26 facilitates maintenance personnel to observe operating parameters, alarm information, switch status, and communication status without opening or with limited opening of the cabinet 11. It also facilitates local operation, parameter setting, event query, or reset operations. The protection and control device 261 may include a comprehensive protection and control device, a low-voltage protection and control device, an intelligent protection and control device, a multi-functional power meter, a protection controller, a data acquisition terminal, a touch screen monitoring terminal, a human-machine interface, an intelligent gateway-type protection and control device, or a protection device with a display screen. The protection and control device 261 may have a display screen, operation buttons, indicator lights, a buzzer, a communication interface, a remote signaling input interface, a remote control output interface, an analog quantity acquisition interface, energy metering function, event recording function, or fault alarm function.

[0179] A protection and control device 261 is installed on the door 26, which serves as the human-machine interface and status display window for the energy storage low-voltage cabinet 1. The protection and control device 261 can display information such as the status of the main circuit breaker 12, the miniature circuit breaker 14, the dual power transfer switch 15, the station circuit breaker 16, the temperature of the auxiliary transformer 13, the operating status of the fan 22, the status of the emergency power supply module 19, the power module 20, the status of the battery management system protection board 24, or the communication status. By installing the protection and control device 261 on the door 26, maintenance personnel can directly read critical operating information from the outside of the cabinet 11, reducing the frequency of opening the cabinet door to contact live areas and improving the safety of on-site inspections and operations.

[0180] The protection and control device 261 communicates with the switch 25. This communication connection can be achieved via network cable, shielded network cable, fiber optic cable, communication terminals, RJ45 connectors, Ethernet communication cables, RS485 to Ethernet modules, or other communication connectors. The protection and control device 261 communicates with the battery management system protection board 24, the BMS, external monitoring systems, or the energy management system of the energy storage power station through the switch 25. Thus, the protection and control device 261 can obtain relevant information from the battery management system protection board 24 from the switch 25, and can also upload its own collected data on the cabinet's electrical status, alarm status, switch status, or measurement data to external systems via the switch 25. Through the communication connection between the protection and control device 261 and the switch 25, a communication architecture is formed within the energy storage low-voltage cabinet 1, with the switch 25 as the communication aggregation node, the protection and control device 261 as the local monitoring and display node, and the battery management system protection board 24 as the BMS-related information node, thereby improving data transmission efficiency and system integration.

[0181] In one specific embodiment, the protection and control device 261 can be directly connected to the switch 25 via an Ethernet interface. The switch 25 then communicates with the battery management system protection board 24 via another communication port, and connects to the energy storage power station monitoring system via an external communication port. In this case, the protection and control device 261, the battery management system protection board 24, and the external monitoring system can be on the same communication network, facilitating data sharing, status uploading, and remote access. In another specific embodiment, the protection and control device 261 can be connected to a communication conversion module via an RS485 interface, and then the communication conversion module connects to the switch 25, enabling the protection and control device 261, which lacks an Ethernet interface, to access the cabinet's communication network. Through these different lower-level communication methods, the protection and control device 261 can adapt to the system requirements of different communication protocols and interfaces.

[0182] In a further embodiment, the switch 25 may be connected to the protection and control device 261 by a communication cable tray, a shielded grounding terminal, a network patch cord terminal, a fiber optic fusion splice box, a communication terminal block, or cable fasteners. The communication cable tray is used to standardize the laying of communication lines between the protection and control device 261 and the switch 25; the shielded grounding terminal is used to reliably ground the shielding layer and reduce electromagnetic interference; the network patch cord terminal is used to enable the switching and maintenance of communication lines; the fiber optic fusion splice box is used to protect fiber optic connection points; the communication terminal block is used to standardize the connection of multiple communication lines; and the cable fasteners are used to prevent the communication lines from being pulled or worn during the opening and closing of the door 26. Since the protection and control device 261 is located on the door 26, while the switch 25 is located inside the cabinet 11, the communication lines between them may be bent as the door 26 opens and closes. Therefore, flexible cable harnesses, cable chains, sheaths, bending allowances, or cable limiters can be installed between the door 26 and the cabinet 11 to improve the reliability of the communication connection during the opening and closing of the door 26.

[0183] In a further embodiment, the door 26 may also be equipped with an observation window, a door lock, a sealing strip, a grounding flexible connection, a limit support, an emergency stop button, an indicator light, a selector switch, or a nameplate. The observation window allows observation of the display content of the protection and control device 261 or the status inside the cabinet without opening the door 26; the door lock restricts unauthorized personnel from opening the cabinet 11; the sealing strip improves the protection level of the cabinet 11; the grounding flexible connection reliably grounds the door 26, preventing the door 26 from becoming live; the limit support limits the opening angle of the door 26, preventing excessive stretching of the communication cable; the emergency stop button, indicator light, and selector switch can be used in conjunction with the protection and control device 261 or the control circuit; the nameplate can indicate the function, communication address, or operating instructions of the protection and control device 261. Through these subordinate structures, the door 26 not only provides protection for the opening and closing of the cabinet 11 but also enhances human-machine interaction, safety protection, and on-site maintenance convenience.

[0184] In a further embodiment, the protection and control device 261 can establish signal or communication connections with the main circuit breaker 12, the dual power transfer switch 15, the station circuit breaker 16, the intermediate relay 23, the fan 22, the power module 20, the emergency power supply module 19, or the battery management system protection board 24. The protection and control device 261 can collect the opening and closing status, fault tripping status, or energy storage status of the main circuit breaker 12; collect the power supply source and switching status of the dual power transfer switch 15; collect the opening and closing status of the station circuit breaker 16; collect the operating status of the intermediate relay 23 and the fan 22; collect the output status of the power module 20 and the alarm status of the emergency power supply module 19; and can also receive BMS-related statuses uploaded by the battery management system protection board 24. Through the above connections, the protection and control device 261 can centrally display and process various types of operating information of the energy storage low-voltage cabinet 1 locally, and communicate externally via the switch 25, thereby improving the monitoring integrity of the energy storage low-voltage cabinet 1.

[0185] In summary, the low-voltage energy storage cabinet 1 forms a complete internal communication aggregation, external communication, and local measurement and control display structure. The switch 25 is located inside the cabinet 11 and communicates with the battery management system protection board 24, enabling battery management system information to access the internal communication network. The switch 25 is positioned vertically on the side of the main circuit breaker 12 furthest from the auxiliary transformer 13, keeping it away from the heat source and electromagnetic interference of the auxiliary transformer 13 and close to the low-voltage control area for easy communication cabling. The switch 25 is used for external communication, allowing information from inside the cabinet to be uploaded to an external monitoring system or the energy management system of the energy storage power station. The door 26 is movably connected to the cabinet 11, giving the cabinet 11 both protection and maintenance opening functions. The door 26 is equipped with a protection and control device 261, allowing maintenance personnel to view the status and perform local operations from outside the cabinet 11. The protection and control device 261 communicates with the switch 25, enabling data exchange between the protection and control device 261, the battery management system protection board 24, and external systems. This significantly improves the communication integration, operational visualization, remote monitoring capabilities, on-site operation convenience, and intelligent operation and maintenance level of the energy storage low-voltage cabinet 1.

[0186] In one specific embodiment, an energy storage low-voltage switchgear integrating frame circuit breaker and power distribution functions is provided, belonging to the field of energy storage system technology. The low-voltage switchgear combines the frame circuit breaker cabinet and the low-voltage distribution cabinet into one, integrating main circuit protection, auxiliary power supply, communication control, lightning protection, load power distribution, and other functional modules. Through the rational layout of internal components, it achieves the design goals of compact structure, stable center of gravity, efficient wiring, and convenient operation. This solution is applicable to 20-foot energy storage AC / DC integrated cabins and other energy storage systems, effectively improving equipment integration, reducing costs, and simplifying on-site construction and maintenance. It solves the problems of large space occupation, complex wiring, high cost, and low integration caused by the separate arrangement of the frame circuit breaker cabinet and the low-voltage distribution cabinet.

[0187] It is understandable that the frame circuit breaker cabinet and the low-voltage distribution cabinet are combined into one, integrating functions such as main circuit protection, auxiliary power supply, load power distribution, communication control, and lightning protection. Based on factors such as component weight, wiring relationships, and ease of operation, heavy components such as auxiliary transformers and UPS are arranged in the lower part of the cabinet, the main circuit copper busbars and circuit breakers are placed in the middle, and lightweight components such as communication modules and miniature circuit breakers are placed in the upper part, ensuring a stable center of gravity and efficient wiring. The main circuit is connected to the frame circuit breaker and outputs to the main transformer. The auxiliary circuit draws power from the main circuit, supplies power to the load through the auxiliary transformer and dual power transfer switch, and is mutually redundant with the station's auxiliary power supply to improve power supply reliability. The integrated protection and control device, BMS, switch, intermediate relays, and other control and protection devices are integrated into the cabinet to improve the system's intelligence level.

[0188] Combining two independent cabinets into one significantly reduces the space occupied within the energy storage compartment, improving the overall compactness of the layout; it also reduces the number of cabinets, shortens cable routing distances, and lowers material and construction costs; through dual power supply switching, lightning protection, and temperature control fan linkage, it enhances the continuity and safety of the system's power supply; the integrated protection and control device is conveniently located on the cabinet door; the branch terminal blocks and output terminal blocks are rationally arranged, facilitating wiring and fault diagnosis; and it integrates main circuit protection, auxiliary power supply, communication control, and load power distribution, making it easy for modular design and mass production.

[0189] Component description:

[0190] The input-side copper busbar, also known as the input-side copper busbar of the frame circuit breaker / molded case circuit breaker in the low-voltage distribution cabinet (named according to the scenario where the battery is discharging; if the battery is charging, the opposite is true, it is the output), is connected to the battery-side input cable.

[0191] The main circuit breaker, also known as a frame circuit breaker or molded case circuit breaker, has a busbar on one side connecting to the battery side and a copper busbar on the other side connecting to the low-voltage side of the main transformer.

[0192] The output side copper busbar, i.e. the output side copper busbar of the frame circuit breaker / molded case circuit breaker of the low-voltage distribution cabinet (battery discharge is output, and battery charging is input), is connected to the low-voltage side of the main transformer.

[0193] A cable is installed between the output copper busbar of the frame circuit breaker / molded case circuit breaker and the auxiliary transformer (the cable must pass through a fuse disconnect switch before entering the auxiliary transformer).

[0194] Fuse disconnect switch: The fuse disconnect switch in front of the auxiliary transformer is used to protect the input side of the auxiliary transformer.

[0195] Auxiliary transformer: The auxiliary transformer is used to convert the voltage output from the battery compartment / main transformer into power frequency voltage. Moreover, the wiring group is Dyn11, which allows the grounding system of the low-voltage switchgear to be TN-S, meeting the specifications.

[0196] Dual power transfer switch: The dual power transfer switch, or ATS, is located on the output side of the auxiliary transformer. The other side of the dual power transfer switch receives power from the auxiliary power supply of the station, ensuring the overall power supply reliability.

[0197] Station circuit breaker: A molded case circuit breaker that supplies auxiliary power to the station side, serving a protective and control function.

[0198] Emergency power supply module: UPS and matching external battery, providing backup power for critical loads.

[0199] The power module supplies power to 24V and 48V DC loads.

[0200] SPD surge protectors and matching fuses provide lightning protection for the system; according to specifications, they need to be located close to the bottom of the cabinet to ensure that the grounding wire is as short as possible.

[0201] Miniature circuit breakers: Miniature circuit breakers are used to distribute power to various loads within the energy storage compartment and to provide protection and control for interruption.

[0202] Switch: A switch is used for external communication.

[0203] Fan: A fan used to dissipate heat from the auxiliary transformer.

[0204] Cooling unit: The air conditioning or liquid cooling unit in the medium-pressure compartment is mainly used to cool the battery compartment.

[0205] Protection and control device: The integrated protection and control device is responsible for real-time protection, data acquisition and logic control of the battery cluster, low-voltage distribution cabinet, step-up transformer and grid connection switch, to ensure the safe and stable grid connection operation of the energy storage system; this device has operation buttons and observation display screen, so it is placed at the cabinet door for easy operation.

[0206] The intermediate relay is connected to the temperature switch of the auxiliary transformer on the coil side, thereby controlling the start and stop of the fan (it is located relatively close to the auxiliary transformer and the fan).

[0207] In addition, branch terminal blocks are provided for branching power distribution circuits or signal lines.

[0208] The output terminal block connects to the miniature circuit breaker at one end and to each load at the other end (facilitating load wiring, maintenance, and identification).

[0209] The BMS is placed on the side close to the battery compartment, ensuring that the wiring distance between it and the battery is short enough.

[0210] Cables are installed between the battery compartment and the frame circuit breaker / molded case circuit breaker.

[0211] Job Description:

[0212] Main circuit: The electrical energy output from the battery compartment is connected to the input copper busbar via a cable, then to the output copper busbar via the main circuit breaker, and finally connected to the low-voltage side of the main transformer via a cable.

[0213] Auxiliary power supply circuit: A cable is led out from the copper busbar on the output side and connected to the fuse disconnect switch. Then, the voltage is transformed by the auxiliary transformer, and the output power frequency voltage is connected to the dual power transfer switch. In addition, it is first connected to the station circuit breaker at one end of the station, and then connected to the dual power transfer switch from the station circuit breaker.

[0214] After the dual power transfer switch, power is distributed to each load. See the circuit diagram for details. First, power is supplied to general loads, and then to important loads via the UPS-emergency power supply module. If low-voltage DC power is required, it needs to be supplied through the power module-power module+power module to complete the power supply.

[0215] In addition to being connected to the dual power transfer switch, the station circuit breaker is also distributed with two power lines: one for commissioning and the other as a backup.

[0216] The protection and control device and BMS are connected to the switch via communication lines, and then communicate with the outside world through the switch.

[0217] ①Lower part of the cabinet:

[0218] The auxiliary transformer is relatively heavy, so to lower the center of gravity and ensure stability, it needs to be placed at the bottom of the cabinet. The fan also needs to be close to the auxiliary transformer. The intermediate relay is also near the auxiliary transformer and the fan. Similarly, the emergency power supply module consisting of the UPS and its matching batteries is also relatively heavy, so it is also placed at the bottom of the cabinet. The terminal blocks that need to be connected to each load need to be placed at the bottom of the cabinet so that the cables can be routed from the bottom of the cabinet to the various loads in the energy storage compartment. According to the specifications, the surge protector needs to be close to the bottom of the cabinet to ensure that the grounding wire length is as short as possible. The BMS is placed on the side close to the battery compartment to ensure that the wiring distance between it and the battery is short enough.

[0219] ②The middle position of the cabinet:

[0220] The input copper busbar, main circuit breaker, and output copper busbar are placed in the middle of the cabinet. This provides space for the busbars on both sides or for connecting copper busbars, and placing them in the middle makes it easier to operate and wire. This is more advantageous from a process perspective.

[0221] The fuse disconnect switch is placed below the input copper busbar, the main circuit breaker, and the output copper busbar, making it convenient to connect the cable from the main circuit downwards and then further downwards to the auxiliary transformer-auxiliary transformer; the dual power transfer switch and the station circuit breaker are placed together, with a short connection distance and convenient wiring.

[0222] ③ Top of the cabinet:

[0223] These are all switches, power modules, terminal blocks, and miniature circuit breakers for power distribution. The cables are relatively thin and numerous, and are placed at the top of the cabinet. The cable trays are used for routing, which is aesthetically pleasing and ensures the cabinet's center of gravity is relatively light.

[0224] ④ Cabinet door position:

[0225] The integrated protection and control device has operation buttons and an observation display screen, so it is placed on the cabinet door for easy operation.

[0226] Design Features: The frame circuit breaker cabinet and low-voltage distribution cabinet are combined into one cabinet (the standard frame circuit breaker cabinet is one cabinet, and the low-voltage distribution cabinet without frame circuit breakers is another cabinet), reducing costs and resulting in a compact design. Protection, control, and communication devices, BMS, and switches are all integrated into the cabinet, achieving a high degree of integration. The layout, as described above, comprehensively considers factors such as the cabinet's center of gravity, minimizing wiring distances between components (saving cable length and thus costs), and ease of operation, thus accommodating the needs of all parties.

[0227] Each functional area is relatively independent, which facilitates production and maintenance.

[0228] In this invention, the terms "sealed," "fixed," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance; the term "multiple" refers to two or more unless otherwise explicitly defined. The terms "installed," "connected," "linked," and "fixed," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connected" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; "linked" can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0229] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," "rear," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or unit referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0230] In the description of this specification, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "specific embodiment," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0231] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low-voltage energy storage switchgear, characterized in that, include: Cabinet; The main circuit breaker is located inside the cabinet. The main circuit breaker has an input side copper busbar and an output side copper busbar at both ends of the cabinet in a first direction. The input side copper busbar is used to connect to the battery cable, and the output side copper busbar is used to connect to the main transformer. An auxiliary transformer is installed inside the cabinet, and the auxiliary transformer is located below the main circuit breaker in the height direction. One end of the auxiliary transformer is connected to the output side copper busbar. A miniature circuit breaker is installed inside the cabinet, and the miniature circuit breaker is located on the side of the main circuit breaker away from the auxiliary transformer. The miniature circuit breaker is electrically connected to the auxiliary transformer and is used to connect multiple electrical loads.

2. The energy storage low-voltage switchgear according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A dual power transfer switch is provided, wherein one input terminal of the dual power transfer switch is electrically connected to the output terminal of the auxiliary transformer, and the other input terminal of the dual power transfer switch is used to connect to the station's auxiliary power supply.

3. The energy storage low-voltage switchgear according to claim 2, characterized in that, Also includes: The other input terminal of the dual power transfer switch is connected to the station auxiliary power supply through the station circuit breaker; The station circuit breaker is located on one side of the dual power supply transfer switch in the first direction.

4. The energy storage low-voltage switchgear according to claim 3, characterized in that, Also includes: A fuse disconnect switch is provided in the circuit between the output-side copper busbar and the auxiliary transformer, and the fuse disconnect switch is located below the output-side copper busbar in the height direction; The fuse disconnect switch and the station circuit breaker are located on both sides of the dual power transfer switch in the first direction.

5. The energy storage low-voltage switchgear according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, Also includes: The output terminal block is electrically connected to the miniature circuit breaker, and the miniature circuit breaker is connected to multiple electrical loads through the output terminal block.

6. The energy storage low-voltage switchgear according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, Also includes: An emergency power supply module is located inside the cabinet. The emergency power supply module is positioned vertically between the auxiliary transformer and the main circuit breaker. The emergency power supply module is connected to at least one of the electrical loads.

7. The energy storage low-voltage switchgear according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, Also includes: A power module is located inside the cabinet. The power module is positioned vertically on the side of the main circuit breaker away from the auxiliary transformer. The power module is connected to at least one of the electrical loads.

8. The energy storage low-voltage switchgear according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, Also includes: A temperature switch is located on the auxiliary transformer; A fan is installed inside the cabinet, and the fan is positioned opposite to the auxiliary transformer. An intermediate relay is located inside the cabinet, and the coil of the intermediate relay is connected to the temperature switch. The intermediate relay is electrically connected to the fan to control the operation of the fan.

9. The energy storage low-voltage switchgear according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, Also includes: A battery management system protection board is located inside the cabinet. The battery management system protection board is positioned vertically between the auxiliary transformer and the main circuit breaker. The battery management system protection board is positioned away from the output side copper busbar in a first direction.

10. The energy storage low-voltage switchgear according to claim 9, characterized in that, Also includes: A switch is installed inside the cabinet. The switch is communicatively connected to the battery management system protection board. The switch is located on the side of the main circuit breaker away from the auxiliary transformer in the vertical direction. The switch is used for external communication. The door is movably connected to the cabinet, and a protection and control device is provided on the door. The protection and control device is communicatively connected to the switch.

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