Soft start control method and system of motor and ship
By sharing two redundant soft starters and a motor switch cabinet with soft start contactors, the problem of hardware waste in the 1-to-1 drive mode of soft starters is solved, realizing the arbitrary sequence soft start of multiple motors and saving hardware resources, thereby improving system stability and availability.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- THE 711TH RES INST OF CHINA STATE SHIPBUILDING CORP
- Filing Date
- 2026-04-27
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-14
AI Technical Summary
Existing soft starters use a one-to-one drag method, which leads to a waste of hardware resources, especially in scenarios with multiple redundant motors where the cost is high.
By sharing two redundant soft starters and a motor switch cabinet with soft start input/output contactors, multiple motors on different bus sections can be started in any sequence, saving hardware resources by sharing one or two soft starters.
It enables soft-start of multiple motors in any order, saving hardware resources, improving system stability and availability, and reducing costs.
Smart Images
Figure CN122394414A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of motor control technology, specifically to a soft-start control method for motors, a soft-start system, and a ship. Background Technology
[0002] Large ocean-going cargo ships carry many high-power pump motors, such as fire pumps, bilge water pumps, and lubricating oil pumps. These pump motors have high power and starting torque, resulting in large starting currents and long starting times, which significantly impacts the ship's electrical system. Typically, motors above 60kW require reduced-voltage starting. Soft starters, as the most commonly used reduced-voltage starting method, are widely used in starting devices for various types of equipment.
[0003] The relevant soft starters use a one-to-one drive method, meaning one motor requires one independent soft starter. For motors that do not need to start simultaneously and have multiple redundant motors, using a one-to-one soft starter to drive the motors is relatively wasteful in terms of hardware. Summary of the Invention
[0004] This application provides a soft-start control method for motors, a soft-start system, and a ship, aiming to solve the problem of wasted hardware resources caused by the use of a 1-to-1 drive method in related soft starters.
[0005] A first aspect provides a soft-start control method for a motor, applied to a soft-start switching controller in a soft-start system. The soft-start system includes a soft-start switching cabinet and motor switch cabinets corresponding to motors on different bus sections. Each soft-start switching cabinet includes the soft-start switching controller, a first soft starter, a second soft starter, and a switching device for connecting or disconnecting the first and second soft starters. Each motor switch cabinet includes a bypass contactor and a soft-start input contactor and a soft-start output contactor connected to the soft-start switching cabinet. The method includes: Based on the motor parameters of the target motor to be soft-started, the target soft starter is determined between the first soft starter and the second soft starter; By controlling the switching device and the soft starter input contactor and soft starter output contactor corresponding to the target motor, the target motor is connected to the target soft starter for starting; After the target soft starter completes the soft start process, the bypass contactor corresponding to the target motor is closed, and the target soft starter enters an idle standby state by controlling the switching device and the soft start input contactor and soft start output contactor corresponding to the target motor.
[0006] In some embodiments, the first soft starter and the second soft starter have the same specifications; The step of determining the target soft starter among the first and second soft starters based on the motor parameters of the target motor to be soft-started includes: Based on the motor parameters, determine the starting current of the target motor; Based on the comparison between the maximum starting current of a single soft starter and the starting current of the target motor, the target mode is determined in both single-machine mode and parallel mode. Based on the target mode, the target soft launcher is determined among the first soft launcher and the second soft launcher.
[0007] In some embodiments, determining the target mode in single-machine mode and parallel mode based on the comparison result between the maximum starting current of a single soft starter and the starting current of the target motor includes: If the maximum starting current is greater than the starting current of the target motor, then the single-machine mode is determined as the target mode; If the maximum starting current is less than or equal to the starting current of the target motor, then the parallel operation mode is determined as the target mode.
[0008] In some embodiments, determining the target soft launcher among the first soft launcher and the second soft launcher according to the target mode includes: If the target mode is the stand-alone mode, then one of the first soft launchers and the second soft launcher is selected as the target soft launcher; If the target mode is the parallel mode, then both the first soft starter and the second soft starter are determined as the target soft starter.
[0009] In some embodiments, the switching device includes a soft starter input contactor and a soft starter output contactor corresponding to the first soft starter and the second soft starter, respectively; By controlling the switching device and the soft starter input and output contactors corresponding to the target motor, the target motor is connected to the target soft starter for starting, including: By controlling the closing of the soft starter input contactor and soft starter output contactor corresponding to the target soft starter and the target motor respectively, the target motor is connected to the target soft starter for starting; By controlling the switching device and the soft starter input contactor and soft starter output contactor corresponding to the target motor, the target soft starter is brought into an idle standby state, including: By controlling the soft starter input contactor and soft starter output contactor corresponding to the target soft starter and the target motor to disconnect, the target soft starter is made to enter an idle standby state.
[0010] In some embodiments, after controlling the soft starter input contactor and soft starter output contactor corresponding to the target soft starter to close, the method further includes: A start command is sent to the target soft starter, the start command including the motor parameters and the running command.
[0011] In some embodiments, the target softstarter includes the first softstarter and the second softstarter; Sending a startup command to the target soft launcher includes: Simultaneously, the same startup command is sent to both the first softstarter and the second softstarter.
[0012] In some embodiments, each of the motor switch cabinets further includes a circuit breaker that connects a bypass contactor and a soft start input contactor in the motor switch cabinet; By controlling the closing of the soft starter input contactor and soft starter output contactor corresponding to the target soft starter and the target motor respectively, the target motor is connected to the target soft starter for starting, including: By controlling the circuit breaker corresponding to the target motor, the target soft starter, and the soft starter input contactor and soft starter output contactor corresponding to the target motor to close, the target motor is connected to the target soft starter for starting.
[0013] In some embodiments, the target motor is connected to the target soft starter for starting by controlling the circuit breaker corresponding to the target motor, the target soft starter, and the soft starter input contactor and soft starter output contactor corresponding to the target motor to close, including: Control the circuit breaker corresponding to the target motor and the soft start input contactors corresponding to the target motor and the target soft starter to close respectively; In response to the target soft starter entering the ready state, the soft start output contactors corresponding to the target motor and the target soft starter are controlled to close.
[0014] In some embodiments, the target softstarter is the first softstarter, and the method further includes: In response to the target soft starter not entering the ready state, the soft starter input contactor corresponding to the second soft starter is controlled to close; In response to the second soft starter entering the ready state, the soft starter output contactors corresponding to the target motor and the second soft starter are controlled to close, and the soft starter input contactor corresponding to the target soft starter is disconnected, so as to connect the target motor to the second soft starter for starting; After the second soft starter completes the soft start process, it controls the bypass contactor corresponding to the target motor to close, and disconnects the soft start input contactor and soft start output contactor corresponding to the target motor and the second soft starter, respectively, so that the second soft starter enters an idle standby state.
[0015] In some embodiments, controlling the switching device and the soft starter input contactor and soft starter output contactor corresponding to the target motor to enable the target soft starter to enter an idle standby state includes: After a preset time interval, the target soft starter is put into an idle standby state by controlling the switching device and the soft starter input contactor and soft starter output contactor corresponding to the target motor.
[0016] In some embodiments, before determining the target soft starter among the first soft starter and the second soft starter based on the motor parameters of the target motor to be soft-started, the method further includes: The system receives a motor start command from the auxiliary equipment control system. The motor start command includes the target motor number and the motor parameters.
[0017] In a second aspect, a soft-start system for motors is provided, the soft-start system comprising a soft-start switching cabinet and motor switch cabinets corresponding to motors on different bus sections; The soft starter switching cabinet includes a soft starter switching controller, a first soft starter, a second soft starter, and a switching device for connecting or disconnecting the first soft starter and the second soft starter; Each of the motor switch cabinets includes a bypass contactor and a soft start input contactor and a soft start output contactor connected to the soft start switching cabinet; The soft starter switching controller is used to determine the target soft starter from the first soft starter and the second soft starter according to the motor parameters of the target motor to be soft started, and to connect the target motor to the target soft starter for starting by controlling the switching device and the soft starter input contactor and soft starter output contactor corresponding to the target motor. After the target soft starter completes the soft start process, it controls the bypass contactor corresponding to the target motor to close, and controls the switching device and the soft starter input contactor and soft starter output contactor corresponding to the target motor to make the target soft starter enter an idle standby state.
[0018] Thirdly, a vessel is provided that is equipped with a soft-start system as described in the second aspect.
[0019] In summary, in the solution provided in this application embodiment, the soft starter system includes a soft starter switching cabinet and motor switch cabinets corresponding to motors on different bus sections. The soft starter switching cabinet includes a soft starter switching controller, two soft starters (a first soft starter and a second soft starter), and a switching device for connecting or disconnecting the two soft starters. Each motor switch cabinet includes a bypass contactor and soft starter input / output contactors (soft starter input contactor and soft starter output contactor) connected to the soft starter switching cabinet. The soft starter switching controller is used to determine the target soft starter from the two soft starters based on the motor parameters of the target motor to be soft started. By controlling the switching device and the soft starter input / output contactor corresponding to the target motor, the controller connects the target motor to the target soft starter for starting. After the target soft starter completes the soft starter process, the controller closes the bypass contactor corresponding to the target motor and, by controlling the switching device and the soft starter input / output contactor corresponding to the target motor, puts the target soft starter into an idle standby state. Therefore, by sharing two redundant soft starters and a motor switch cabinet with soft starter input / output contactors, this soft start system can achieve sequential soft starting of multiple motors on different bus sections in any order, allowing motors on different bus sections to share one or two soft starters, thereby effectively saving hardware resources. Attached Figure Description
[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a soft-start system for a motor provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a soft-start control method for a motor provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is an exemplary system block diagram of the soft-start system for a motor provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 yes Figure 3 The diagram shows the control flow of the soft-start system. Detailed Implementation
[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0023] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are used only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the stated features. In the description of this application, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.
[0024] "A and / or B" includes the following three combinations: A only, B only, and a combination of A and B.
[0025] The use of "applies to" or "configured to" in this application implies open and inclusive language, which does not exclude the applicability to or configuration to devices performing additional tasks or steps. Additionally, the use of "based on" implies openness and inclusivity, because processes, steps, calculations, or other actions "based on" one or more conditions or values may in practice be based on additional conditions or values beyond those stated.
[0026] In this application, the term "exemplary" is used to mean "used as an example, illustration, or description." Any embodiment described as "exemplary" in this application is not necessarily to be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments. The following description is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make and use this application. Details are set forth in the following description for purposes of explanation. It should be understood that those skilled in the art will recognize that this application can be made without using these specific details. In other instances, well-known structures and processes are not described in detail to avoid obscuring the description of this application with unnecessary detail. Therefore, this application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown, but is consistent with the broadest scope of the principles and features disclosed in this application.
[0027] As described in the background section, the relevant soft starters use a one-to-one drive method, requiring one independent soft starter for each motor. For motors that do not need to start simultaneously and have multiple redundant motors, the one-to-one drive of the motors by the soft starter is wasteful in terms of hardware and has a high cost.
[0028] In view of this, embodiments of this application provide a soft-start control method for motors, a soft-start system, and a ship. By enabling the soft-start system to share two redundant soft starters and a motor switch cabinet with soft-start input / output contactors, it is possible to achieve sequential soft-start of multiple motors on different bus sections in any order. This allows motors on different bus sections to share one or two soft starters, effectively saving hardware resources and thus solving at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems.
[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a soft-start system for a motor provided in an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the soft start system includes a soft starter switching cabinet and motor switch cabinets corresponding to motors on different bus sections (such as...). Figure 1 The diagram shows motor switch cabinet 1, motor switch cabinet 2, and motor switch cabinet n. Here, n equals the number of motors on different busbar sections. The soft starter switching cabinet includes a soft starter switching controller, a first soft starter, a second soft starter, and a switching device for connecting or disconnecting the first and second soft starters. Each motor switch cabinet includes a bypass contactor and soft starter input and output contactors connected to the soft starter switching cabinet.
[0030] In one example, the first and second soft starters are identical in specifications. Optionally, one of the first and second soft starters is the master soft starter, and the other is the slave soft starter.
[0031] The soft start switching controller can perform actions such as Figure 2 The soft-start control method for the motor is shown. Among them, Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a soft-start control method for a motor provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 As shown, the soft-start control method includes the following steps: S201: Determine the target soft starter from the first soft starter and the second soft starter based on the motor parameters of the target motor to be soft started; S203: By controlling the switching device for connecting or disconnecting the first soft starter and the second soft starter, as well as the soft starter input contactor and soft starter output contactor corresponding to the target motor, the target motor is connected to the target soft starter for starting; S205: After the target soft starter completes the soft start process, control the bypass contactor corresponding to the target motor to close, and control the switching device and the soft start input contactor and soft start output contactor corresponding to the target motor to make the target soft starter enter the idle standby state.
[0032] exist Figure 2In the corresponding embodiment, the soft start system uses two redundant soft starters and a motor switch cabinet with soft start input / output contactors to enable sequential soft starting of multiple motors on different bus sections in any order. This allows motors on different bus sections to share one or two soft starters, thereby effectively saving hardware resources.
[0033] Steps S201 to S205 will be explained below.
[0034] In step S201, the soft starter switching controller determines the target soft starter from the first soft starter and the second soft starter based on the motor parameters of the target motor to be soft-started. The motor parameters may include the motor's rated current, power supply voltage, limiting current, acceleration time, initial starting torque, and stopping type. The stopping type refers to the method of controlling the motor to stop, and may include free-stop mode, deceleration soft-stop mode, and reverse braking stop mode.
[0035] In some embodiments, the soft starter switching controller is communicatively connected to the auxiliary equipment control system, which is the superior system of the soft starter switching controller. The auxiliary equipment control system can be used to determine the starting sequence of motors on different bus segments. For the target motor to be soft-started, the auxiliary equipment control system can send a motor start command to the soft starter switching controller, for example, via RS485 communication. This motor start command includes the target motor number and motor parameters. Based on this, the soft starter switching controller can receive the motor start command from the auxiliary equipment control system and then, based on the target motor parameters in the motor start command, determine the target soft starter from the first soft starter and the second soft starter.
[0036] In some embodiments, the auxiliary equipment control system may include an HMI (Human-Machine Interface). This application can remotely send the motor start sequence and soft starter parameter settings to the soft starter switching controller via the HMI.
[0037] When determining the target soft starter from the first and second soft starters based on the motor parameters of the target motor, one implementation method, assuming the first and second soft starters have the same specifications, is to determine the starting current of the target motor based on the motor parameters. Then, based on a comparison between the maximum starting current of a single soft starter and the starting current of the target motor, a target mode is determined between single-machine mode and parallel mode. Finally, based on the target mode, the target soft starter is determined from the first and second soft starters. The single-machine mode can be understood as selecting one soft starter to perform the soft-start process, while the parallel mode can be understood as selecting two soft starters to perform the soft-start process simultaneously. In one example, the starting current of the target motor can be determined based on the rated current of the motor in the motor parameters. Furthermore, the motor parameters may also include the load type. A corresponding preset multiple range (e.g., 2 to 5 times) can be matched according to the load type, and within this preset multiple range, the minimum multiple coefficient that meets the starting requirements of the load type is selected. The product of this minimum multiple coefficient and the rated current of the motor is determined as the starting current of the target motor.
[0038] For example, if the maximum starting current of a single soft starter is greater than the starting current of the target motor, then the single-machine mode can be determined as the target mode. If the maximum starting current is less than or equal to the starting current of the target motor, then the parallel mode can be determined as the target mode.
[0039] When determining the target softstarter from the first and second softstarters based on the target mode, if the target mode is a standalone mode, one softstarter can be selected as the target softstarter from the first and second softstarters. For example, one softstarter can be randomly selected from the first and second softstarters as the target softstarter; or, if one softstarter in the first and second softstarters is the master softstarter and the other is the slave softstarter, the master softstarter is selected as the target softstarter. Alternatively, if the target mode is a parallel mode, both the first and second softstarters are determined as the target softstarters.
[0040] The embodiments of this application can realize the functions of redundant switching and parallel expansion of the shared soft starter by preset single-machine mode and parallel mode.
[0041] In step S203, the soft starter switching controller connects the target motor to the target soft starter for starting by controlling the switching device for connecting or disconnecting the first soft starter and the second soft starter, as well as the soft starter input contactor and soft starter output contactor corresponding to the target motor.
[0042] Specifically, the switching device may include soft starter input contactors and soft starter output contactors corresponding to the first soft starter and the second soft starter, respectively. The soft starter switching controller can connect the target motor to the target soft starter for starting by controlling the closing of the soft starter input contactors and soft starter output contactors corresponding to the target soft starter and the target motor, respectively.
[0043] The soft starter switching controller, after closing the soft starter input and output contactors corresponding to the target soft starter, can issue a start command to the target soft starter, for example, via RS485 communication. This start command includes motor parameters and operating instructions. The operating instructions may include parameters such as the soft starter start command, output current limit, acceleration time, and initial starting torque. It should be noted that when the target soft starter includes a first soft starter and a second soft starter, the soft starter switching controller simultaneously issues the same start command to both soft starters to ensure that all parameter settings of the first and second soft starters are consistent, thereby achieving synchronous control. This synchronous control can include voltage control and torque control. Taking one of the first and second soft starters as the master soft starter and the other as the slave soft starter as an example, in voltage control, the output voltage of the slave soft starter must be consistent with the output voltage of the master soft starter. During torque control, the output current of the soft starter must keep pace with the output current of the main soft starter.
[0044] In summary, in parallel mode, the soft starter switching controller will send the same parameters to both soft starters simultaneously and send start and stop signals at the same time to achieve synchronous control of the two soft starters.
[0045] In some embodiments, each motor switchgear also includes a circuit breaker, which connects the bypass contactor and the soft start input contactor in the switchgear. The circuit breaker provides dual overload and short-circuit protection, offering comprehensive functionality and reusability. In this embodiment, the circuit breaker serves as the main protection for motor soft start operation and bypass operation, cutting off the main power supply in the event of short-circuit or overload faults. The soft start switching controller can connect the target motor to the target soft starter for starting by controlling the closure of the circuit breaker corresponding to the target motor, as well as the soft start input and output contactors corresponding to the target soft starter and the target motor, respectively.
[0046] In some embodiments, the soft starter switching cabinet further includes an intermediate relay, which connects the soft starter switching controller and the soft starter input contactor and soft starter output contactor in each motor switch cabinet. The intermediate relay serves as an intermediate control element for controlling high-voltage electricity from low-voltage sources. Its control coil is connected to the soft starter switching controller, and its contacts are connected to the coils of the soft starter input contactor and soft starter output contactor, used to control the energization / de-energization of the coils of the soft starter input contactor and soft starter output contactor.
[0047] In step S205, after the target soft starter completes the soft start process, the bypass contactor corresponding to the target motor is closed, and the target soft starter enters an idle standby state by controlling the switching device and the soft start input contactor and soft start output contactor corresponding to the target motor.
[0048] In this process, the target soft starter determines whether the soft start process is complete by checking if the output current reaches a stable value near the rated current during the soft start of the target motor. After determining that the soft start process is complete, the target soft starter can send a soft start completion status signal to the soft starter switching controller, such as via RS485 communication. Upon receiving this signal, the soft starter switching controller confirms that the target soft starter has completed the soft start process, then controls the corresponding bypass contactor of the target motor to close, and controls the switching device and the corresponding soft starter input and output contactors of the target motor to put the target soft starter into an idle standby state. Afterwards, it can prepare for the soft start of the next motor.
[0049] In some embodiments, when the switching device includes a soft starter input contactor and a soft starter output contactor corresponding to the first soft starter and the second soft starter respectively, the soft starter switching controller controls the soft starter input contactor and the soft starter output contactor corresponding to the target soft starter and the target motor to disconnect, so that the target soft starter enters an idle standby state.
[0050] In some embodiments, after the bypass contactor corresponding to the target motor closes, such as after receiving feedback from the closed bypass contactor, after a preset time interval, the target soft starter is brought into an idle standby state by controlling the switching device and the soft starter input contactor and soft starter output contactor corresponding to the target motor. The preset time interval can be, for example, any one of 0.5s, 0.6s, 0.7s, 0.8s, 0.9s, 1s, 1.1s, 1.2s, 1.3s, 1.4s, and 1.5s, or a value within the range of any two time intervals.
[0051] It should be noted that after the bypass contactor corresponding to the target motor is closed, the soft starter input contactor and soft starter output contactor corresponding to the target soft starter in the switching device, as well as the soft starter input contactor and soft starter output contactor corresponding to the target motor, are disconnected after a preset time interval. This ensures that the target motor has been stably switched to bypass power supply and prevents arcing or momentary interruption during the main circuit current switching process, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the operation.
[0052] In some embodiments, the target motor is connected to the target soft starter for starting by controlling the circuit breaker corresponding to the target motor, the target soft starter, and the soft starter input contactor and soft starter output contactor corresponding to the target motor to close. This includes: controlling the circuit breaker corresponding to the target motor and the soft starter input contactor corresponding to the target motor to close; and controlling the soft starter output contactor corresponding to the target motor to close in response to the target soft starter entering a ready state.
[0053] The target soft starter is considered ready if it meets all of the following readiness conditions: no alarms or fault messages, normal watchdog signal, and the contactors before and after the target soft starter are in the open state. If the target soft starter does not meet at least one of these readiness conditions, it is determined that the target soft starter has not entered the readiness state and a fault has occurred.
[0054] In some embodiments, if the target soft starter includes a first soft starter and a second soft starter, and neither the first soft starter nor the second soft starter has entered the ready state, an alarm shutdown operation is performed.
[0055] In some embodiments, when the target soft starter is the first soft starter, if the target soft starter has not entered the ready state, the soft starter input contactor corresponding to the second soft starter can be closed. Then, when the second soft starter enters the ready state, the soft starter output contactors corresponding to the target motor and the second soft starter are closed, and the soft starter input contactor corresponding to the target soft starter is disconnected, so that the target motor is connected to the second soft starter for starting. Then, after the second soft starter completes the soft start process, the bypass contactor corresponding to the target motor is closed, and the soft starter input and output contactors corresponding to the target motor and the second soft starter are disconnected, allowing the second soft starter to enter an idle standby state. This enables fault switching of the soft starter, significantly improving the stability and availability of the system.
[0056] In some embodiments, a soft-start system such as Figure 3 As shown, this includes a soft start switching cabinet (such as...) Figure 3 The soft starter switch cabinet (pointed to by number ⑥) and the motor switch cabinets corresponding to the motors on different busbar sections (such as...) Figure 3(The motor switchgear indicated by reference number ①). Among them, Figure 3 This is an exemplary system block diagram of the soft-start system for a motor provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 This diagram shows that the different busbar segments include busbar segment I, busbar segment II, and busbar segment N. The connection numbers on busbar segment I are also shown. The reference number is for motor #1 (which can be called M1), connected to bus section II. The terminator points to motor #2 (which can be referred to as M2), and motor #n (which can be referred to as Mn) is connected to N bus segments. Here, N and n are both integers greater than 1.
[0057] The soft start switching cabinet includes a soft start switching controller (such as...) Figure 3 The winning number The soft starter switching controller (or simply controller) is the first soft starter (e.g., the first soft starter). Figure 3 The first soft starter, indicated by number ⑧, can be referred to as 1U; the second soft starter (such as...) Figure 3 The winning number The first soft starter (referring to the #2 soft starter, which can be called 2U) and the soft starter input contactor corresponding to the first soft starter (such as...) Figure 3 The soft start input contactor (which can be referred to as 1KA1) and the soft start output contactor (as indicated by the number ⑦) are both referenced in the standard diagram. Figure 3 The soft starter output contactor (pointed to by number ⑨, which can be referred to as 1KA2), and the soft starter input contactor corresponding to the second soft starter (such as...) Figure 3 The soft start input contactor (which can be referred to as 2KA1) and the soft start output contactor (as indicated by the number ⑩) are both referenced in the standard diagram. Figure 3 The winning number The reference is to the #2 soft start output contactor, which may be referred to as 2KA2). Each motor switchgear includes a circuit breaker (such as...). Figure 3 The main circuit breaker of the motor (as indicated by number ②), and the bypass contactor (such as...) Figure 3 The motor bypass contactor (pointed to by number ③) and the soft start input contactor connected to the soft start switching cabinet (such as...) Figure 3 The soft start input contactor (pointed to by the number ④) and the soft start output contactor (such as...) Figure 3 The soft starter output contactor is indicated by the number ⑤. Among them, the motor switch cabinet corresponding to motor Mx includes circuit breakers, bypass contactors, soft starter input contactors, and soft starter output contactors, which can be referred to as xQF, xKM1, xKM2, and xKM3, respectively, where x is an integer in the range [1, n].
[0058] Below, taking Soft Starter #1 as the master soft starter and Soft Starter #2 as the slave soft starter as an example, combined with... Figure 4 introduce Figure 3 The control flow of the soft-start system is shown below. Among them, Figure 4 yes Figure 3The diagram shows the control flow of the soft-start system.
[0059] like Figure 4 As shown, during the startup of the soft starter system, initialization checks can be performed, such as checking the operating status of the master and slave soft starters, whether their modes and parameters are consistent, and the contactor status. After completing the initialization checks, communication is established between the master and slave soft starters and the auxiliary equipment control system, such as establishing communication between the master and slave soft starters and the soft starter switching controller, and establishing communication between the soft starter switching controller and the auxiliary equipment control system. If communication between the master and slave soft starters and the auxiliary equipment control system is abnormal, communication continues to be established. When communication between the master and slave soft starters and the auxiliary equipment control system is normal, the auxiliary equipment control system sends the starting motor (e.g., Mx) number and motor parameters to the soft starter switching controller. Then, the soft starter switching controller selects the soft starter operating mode from single-machine mode and parallel mode based on the motor parameters.
[0060] When the selected soft starter operating mode is standalone mode, the soft starter switching controller controls 1KA1, xKM2, and xQF to close and 2KA1 to open. Then, the soft starter switching controller determines whether the main soft starter is READY. If the main soft starter is READY, it controls 1KA2 and xKM3 to close and 2KA1 and 2KA2 to open, allowing the main soft starter to start the motor with reduced voltage. If the main soft starter is not READY, it controls 2KA1 to close and determines whether the slave soft starter is READY. If the slave soft starter is READY, it controls 2KA2 and xKM3 to close and 1KA1 and 1KA2 to open, allowing the slave soft starter to start the motor with reduced voltage. If the slave soft starter is not READY, an alarm shutdown operation is executed.
[0061] When the selected soft starter operating mode is parallel mode, the soft starter switching controller controls the closure of 1KA1, 2KA1, xKM2, and xQF, and then determines whether the master and slave soft starters are ready. If the master and slave soft starters are determined to be ready, then 1KA2, 2KA2, and xKM3 are controlled to close, allowing the master and slave soft starters to start the motor with reduced voltage. If the master and slave soft starters are determined not to be ready, an alarm shutdown operation is executed.
[0062] After the soft starter completes the soft start process, the soft starter switching controller controls the bypass contactor xKM1 to close and disconnects xKM2, xKM3, 1KA1, 1KA2, 2KA1 and 2KA2.
[0063] In summary, the soft-start system provided in this application utilizes two redundant soft starters and a motor switch cabinet with a switching contactor to enable sequential soft starting of multiple motors on different buses in any order. After soft starting, the system automatically switches to bypass power supply, and the soft starters are in idle standby mode. The two soft starters serve as backups for each other and can operate independently or be expanded simultaneously. When one soft starter fails, the other can be used independently, increasing the stability and availability of the soft-start system. Furthermore, this application remotely sends the motor starting sequence and soft starter parameter settings to the soft-start switching controller via an HMI. The soft-start switching controller controls the switching contactor to start motors on any bus in any order via the soft starters. After soft starting, the soft-start switching controller controls the switching contactor to bypass. This process continues until the next motor is started.
[0064] For high-power fire pumps and ballast pumps on ships that require soft starting, each pump motor typically needs its own independent soft starter. However, the solution provided in this application is suitable for scenarios where multiple high-power motors (such as marine motors) do not require simultaneous starting and speed regulation. The more motors, the more cost and space can be saved. For example, S fire pumps and F ballast pumps normally require S+F soft starters. With the solution provided in this application, only 2 soft starters are needed. Furthermore, the solution provided in this application is applicable to motor loads on multiple busbar grids. Multi-busbar grids are a typical application scenario in both marine and land-based applications. In addition, the solution provided in this application not only has fault switching functionality but also parallel expansion capabilities, making it more flexible and widely applicable.
[0065] This application also provides a ship equipped with a soft-start system for the motor as described above.
[0066] This application also provides an electronic device, which includes a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the method of any of the above embodiments.
[0067] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon, which is loaded by a processor to execute the steps of any of the methods described in the above embodiments. In this application, the storage medium may be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a read-only memory (ROM), or a random access memory (RAM), etc.
[0068] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions in other embodiments.
[0069] The soft-start control method, soft-start system, and ship of the motor provided in the embodiments of this application have been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The description of the above embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of this application. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.
Claims
1. A soft-start control method for a motor, characterized in that, A soft starter switching controller is applied to a soft starter system. The soft starter system includes a soft starter switching cabinet and motor switch cabinets corresponding to motors on different bus sections. The soft starter switching cabinet includes the soft starter switching controller, a first soft starter, a second soft starter, and switching devices for connecting or disconnecting the first soft starter and the second soft starter. Each motor switch cabinet includes a bypass contactor and soft starter input contactors and soft starter output contactors connected to the soft starter switching cabinet. The method includes: Based on the motor parameters of the target motor to be soft-started, the target soft starter is determined between the first soft starter and the second soft starter; By controlling the switching device and the soft starter input contactor and soft starter output contactor corresponding to the target motor, the target motor is connected to the target soft starter for starting; After the target soft starter completes the soft start process, the bypass contactor corresponding to the target motor is closed, and the target soft starter enters an idle standby state by controlling the switching device and the soft start input contactor and soft start output contactor corresponding to the target motor.
2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first soft starter and the second soft starter have the same specifications; The step of determining the target soft starter among the first and second soft starters based on the motor parameters of the target motor to be soft-started includes: Based on the motor parameters, determine the starting current of the target motor; Based on the comparison between the maximum starting current of a single soft starter and the starting current of the target motor, the target mode is determined in both single-machine mode and parallel mode. The target softstarter is determined among the first softstarter and the second softstarter according to the target mode.
3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The step of determining the target mode in single-machine mode and parallel mode based on the comparison result between the maximum starting current of a single soft starter and the starting current of the target motor includes: If the maximum starting current is greater than the starting current of the target motor, then the single-machine mode is determined as the target mode; If the maximum starting current is less than or equal to the starting current of the target motor, then the parallel operation mode is determined as the target mode.
4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, Determining the target soft launcher from the first soft launcher and the second soft launcher according to the target mode includes: If the target mode is the stand-alone mode, then one of the first soft launchers and the second soft launcher is selected as the target soft launcher; If the target mode is the parallel mode, then both the first soft starter and the second soft starter are determined as the target soft starter.
5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The switching device includes a soft starter input contactor and a soft starter output contactor corresponding to the first soft starter and the second soft starter, respectively; By controlling the switching device and the soft starter input contactor and soft starter output contactor corresponding to the target motor, the target motor is connected to the target soft starter for starting, including: By controlling the closing of the soft starter input contactor and soft starter output contactor corresponding to the target soft starter and the target motor respectively, the target motor is connected to the target soft starter for starting; By controlling the switching device and the soft starter input contactor and soft starter output contactor corresponding to the target motor, the target soft starter is brought into an idle standby state, including: By controlling the soft starter input contactor and soft starter output contactor corresponding to the target soft starter and the target motor to disconnect, the target soft starter is made to enter an idle standby state.
6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, After controlling the soft starter input contactor and soft starter output contactor corresponding to the target soft starter to close, the following is also included: A start command is sent to the target soft starter, the start command including the motor parameters and the running command.
7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The target soft starter includes the first soft starter and the second soft starter; Sending a startup command to the target soft launcher includes: Simultaneously, the same startup command is sent to both the first softstarter and the second softstarter.
8. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, Each of the motor switch cabinets also includes a circuit breaker, which connects the bypass contactor and the soft start input contactor in the motor switch cabinet; By controlling the closing of the soft starter input contactor and soft starter output contactor corresponding to the target soft starter and the target motor respectively, the target motor is connected to the target soft starter for starting, including: By controlling the circuit breaker corresponding to the target motor, the target soft starter, and the soft starter input contactor and soft starter output contactor corresponding to the target motor to close, the target motor is connected to the target soft starter for starting.
9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, By controlling the circuit breaker corresponding to the target motor, the target soft starter, and the soft starter input and output contactors corresponding to the target motor to close, the target motor is connected to the target soft starter for starting, including: Control the circuit breaker corresponding to the target motor and the soft start input contactors corresponding to the target motor and the target soft starter to close respectively; In response to the target soft starter entering the ready state, the soft start output contactors corresponding to the target motor and the target soft starter are controlled to close.
10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The target softstarter is the first softstarter, and the method further includes: In response to the target soft starter not entering the ready state, the soft starter input contactor corresponding to the second soft starter is controlled to close; In response to the second soft starter entering the ready state, the soft starter output contactors corresponding to the target motor and the second soft starter are controlled to close, and the soft starter input contactor corresponding to the target soft starter is disconnected, so as to connect the target motor to the second soft starter for starting; After the second soft starter completes the soft start process, it controls the bypass contactor corresponding to the target motor to close, and disconnects the soft start input contactor and soft start output contactor corresponding to the target motor and the second soft starter, respectively, so that the second soft starter enters an idle standby state.
11. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, By controlling the switching device and the soft starter input contactor and soft starter output contactor corresponding to the target motor, the target soft starter is brought into an idle standby state, including: After a preset time interval, the target soft starter is put into an idle standby state by controlling the switching device and the soft starter input contactor and soft starter output contactor corresponding to the target motor.
12. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before determining the target soft starter among the first and second soft starters based on the motor parameters of the target motor to be soft-started, the method further includes: The system receives a motor start command from the auxiliary equipment control system. The motor start command includes the target motor number and the motor parameters.
13. A soft-start system for an electric motor, characterized in that, The soft start system includes a soft start switching cabinet and motor switch cabinets corresponding to the motors on different bus sections. The soft starter switching cabinet includes a soft starter switching controller, a first soft starter, a second soft starter, and a switching device for connecting or disconnecting the first soft starter and the second soft starter; Each of the motor switch cabinets includes a bypass contactor and a soft start input contactor and a soft start output contactor connected to the soft start switching cabinet; The soft starter switching controller is used to determine the target soft starter from the first soft starter and the second soft starter according to the motor parameters of the target motor to be soft started, and to connect the target motor to the target soft starter for starting by controlling the switching device and the soft starter input contactor and soft starter output contactor corresponding to the target motor. After the target soft starter completes the soft start process, it controls the bypass contactor corresponding to the target motor to close, and controls the switching device and the soft starter input contactor and soft starter output contactor corresponding to the target motor to make the target soft starter enter an idle standby state.
14. A ship, characterized in that, The system is equipped with the soft-start system as described in claim 13.