A method and system for regulating the operating state of a motor stator and rotor

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of motor control, and provides a motor stator-rotor operation state adjusting method and system, which comprises the following steps: acquiring multiple operation information in the motor operation process; the multiple operation information comprises current data, voltage data and vibration data of a main shaft of the motor, and the motor is a three-phase motor; for each operation information in the multiple operation information, characteristic information of the operation information is determined according to the operation information, and a characteristic information set of the multiple operation information is obtained; whether the motor has a fault is determined according to the characteristic information set of the multiple operation information, and when the motor has the fault, a development stage of the fault is determined according to the characteristic information set of the multiple operation information; and a corresponding stator-rotor operation state adjusting strategy is determined and executed according to the development stage of the fault, so as to inhibit the development of the fault. Through the scheme, the accuracy of the stator-rotor operation state adjustment of the motor can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of motor control technology, and in particular to a method and system for adjusting the operating state of motor stator and rotor. Background Technology

[0002] In modern industrial automated production lines, the motor stator and rotor system is a key component providing core power, and its operating status directly affects the efficiency and stability of the entire production line. However, traditional methods of adjusting motor operating conditions often rely on the operator's experience to adjust parameters. This approach proves inadequate when facing complex and changing operating conditions, such as sudden load changes, abnormal temperature fluctuations, and wear and tear on mechanical components, making it difficult to effectively address the resulting dynamic imbalances. This deficiency can easily lead to increased equipment vibration, increased energy consumption, and even unexpected production line shutdowns, resulting in significant losses.

[0003] Especially in precision manufacturing workshops processing high-hardness alloy materials, when the motor spindle system operates under high load for extended periods, a series of imperceptible chain reactions occur within the motor. For example, significant temperature differences may arise between the stator windings and the rotor, causing varying degrees of thermal expansion in both the stator core and rotor. This, in turn, leads to minute changes in the air gap between the stator and rotor in localized areas. This uneven change in the air gap directly disrupts the uniformity of the stator's rotating magnetic field, generating radial, unbalanced magnetic pull and resulting in uneven distribution of magnetic flux within the stator core, forming localized "hot spots" and accelerating the aging of the winding insulation layer.

[0004] After a period of continuous processing, the insulation layer of the winding in one of the "hot spots" may reach its heat resistance limit and carbonize, eventually leading to a weak short circuit between adjacent turns of the coil. This inter-turn short circuit does not cause the current to increase instantaneously to a level sufficient to trigger overcurrent protection, but it alters the effective inductance and resistance of that phase winding, disrupting the electrical symmetry of the motor's three-phase windings. Existing control systems often struggle to accurately identify these hidden dangers and may instead misinterpret them as normal load fluctuations, taking inappropriate adjustment measures, such as frequently adjusting the drive frequency and voltage to "compensate" for these "load fluctuations," thereby accelerating motor damage and ultimately causing sudden shutdown. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a method and system for adjusting the operating state of a motor stator and rotor, aiming to solve the problems that existing motor operating state adjustment methods are unable to effectively cope with complex and changing working conditions, leading to increased equipment vibration, increased energy consumption, and even unexpected production line shutdowns, as well as the difficulty in accurately identifying potential hazards such as weak short circuits inside the motor, which may instead lead to improper adjustment measures that accelerate motor damage.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solution: In a first aspect, a method for adjusting the operating state of a motor stator and rotor is provided, comprising: acquiring multiple operating information during the operation of the motor; the multiple operating information includes current data, voltage data, and vibration data of the motor's main shaft, wherein the motor is a three-phase motor; for each of the multiple operating information, determining the characteristic information of the operating information based on the operating information to obtain a set of characteristic information of the multiple operating information; determining whether the motor has a fault based on the set of characteristic information of the multiple operating information, and when the motor has a fault, determining the development stage of the fault based on the set of characteristic information of the multiple operating information; and determining and executing a corresponding stator and rotor operating state adjustment strategy based on the development stage of the fault to suppress the development of the fault.

[0007] Through this technical solution, this application can comprehensively judge motor faults by multi-dimensional operating information and dynamically adjust the stator and rotor operating states according to the fault development stage, thereby effectively suppressing fault development, avoiding the motor damage caused by misjudgment in traditional methods, and significantly improving the stability and reliability of motor operation.

[0008] Furthermore, for each piece of operational information among multiple operational information, characteristic information of the operational information is determined based on the operational information, including: performing FFT processing on the operational information to obtain the spectral data of the operational information; for current data, determining the current phase difference based on the spectral data of the current data, and using the current phase difference as the characteristic information of the current data; for voltage data, extracting the high-frequency noise components from the spectral data of the voltage data, and using the high-frequency noise components as the characteristic information of the voltage data; for vibration data, using the amplitude of preset high-order harmonics, the phase of preset high-order harmonics, and the vibration energy within a preset frequency in the spectral data of the vibration data as the characteristic information of the vibration data.

[0009] Through this technical solution, this application can extract representative feature information by performing refined spectrum analysis on current, voltage and vibration data, thereby more accurately reflecting the motor's operating status and providing a reliable data foundation for subsequent fault diagnosis.

[0010] Based on the above, this application further proposes to determine whether a motor has a fault based on a set of feature information of multiple operating information, and when a motor has a fault, to determine the development stage of the fault based on the set of feature information of multiple operating information, including: obtaining the temperature value of the motor housing surface; determining whether a motor has a fault based on the temperature value of the motor housing surface and the set of feature information of multiple operating information, and when a motor has a fault, to determine the development stage of the fault based on the set of feature information of multiple operating information.

[0011] This technical solution introduces the surface temperature of the casing as an auxiliary judgment criterion based on multi-dimensional operating information, which can more comprehensively and accurately assess the motor's operating status. Especially in the early stage of faults, abnormal temperature is often an important indicator signal, thereby improving the sensitivity and accuracy of fault diagnosis.

[0012] Furthermore, the presence of a motor fault is determined based on the temperature value of the motor casing surface and a set of characteristic information from multiple operating information sources. If a fault exists, the development stage of the fault is determined based on the set of characteristic information from multiple operating information sources, including: determining the rate of temperature change of the casing temperature based on the temperature value of the motor casing surface; determining the presence of a motor fault based on the rate of temperature change of the casing temperature and a set of characteristic information from multiple operating information sources; and determining the development stage of the fault based on the set of characteristic information from multiple operating information sources when the motor is faulty.

[0013] This technical solution allows for more sensitive capture of the changing trends in the internal thermal state of the motor by analyzing the rate of temperature change in the casing. Combined with a feature set of multiple operating information, it further improves the real-time performance and accuracy of fault diagnosis, which is particularly important for early warning of progressive faults.

[0014] In some preferred embodiments, determining whether a motor fault exists is based on the temperature change rate of the casing temperature and a set of feature information from multiple operating information sources. If a motor fault exists, the development stage of the fault is determined based on the set of feature information from multiple operating information sources. This includes: acquiring fault information for each preset fault among multiple preset faults of the motor; the fault information includes a preset set of feature information and the development stage of the fault; for each preset fault among multiple preset faults, determining the similarity between the preset feature information set of the preset fault and the feature information set of multiple operating information sources; determining whether a motor fault exists based on the similarity corresponding to multiple preset faults and the temperature change rate of the casing temperature; and if a motor fault exists, determining the development stage of the fault based on the similarity corresponding to multiple preset faults and the development stage of the fault in the fault information of the preset faults.

[0015] This technical solution enables accurate identification of motor fault types and development stages by comparing similarity with preset fault information and combining the rate of change of casing temperature. This avoids errors in subjective judgment and improves the level of intelligence in fault diagnosis.

[0016] As a technical improvement, the presence of a motor fault is determined based on the similarity of multiple preset faults and the rate of temperature change of the casing temperature. If a motor fault exists, the development stage of the fault is determined based on the similarity of multiple preset faults and the development stage of the fault in the fault information of the preset faults. This includes: obtaining a first correspondence; the first correspondence includes a one-to-one correspondence between multiple temperature change rate ranges and multiple first thresholds; using the first threshold corresponding to the temperature change rate range of the casing temperature in the first correspondence as a target first threshold; using the preset fault with the highest similarity among the multiple preset faults as the initial fault; determining whether the similarity of the initial fault is greater than the target first threshold; if the similarity of the initial fault is greater than the target first threshold, the motor is determined to have a fault, and the development stage of the fault in the fault information of the initial fault is used as the development stage of the fault; if the similarity of the initial fault is less than or equal to the target first threshold, the motor is determined not to have a fault.

[0017] By introducing a correspondence between the rate of temperature change and the similarity threshold, this application achieves the adaptability of fault judgment, enabling the system to dynamically adjust the sensitivity of fault judgment according to the temperature changes in the actual operating environment, thereby reducing false alarms and missed alarms and improving the robustness of diagnosis.

[0018] To improve the solution, the development stage includes early, middle or late stages. Based on the development stage of the fault, the corresponding stator and rotor operating state adjustment strategy is determined and implemented to suppress the development of the fault. This includes: determining whether the development stage of the fault is in the early stage; when the development stage of the fault is in the early stage, determining and implementing the corresponding stator and rotor operating state adjustment strategy is to periodically micro-modulate the drive frequency of the stator and rotor with a preset modulation frequency.

[0019] This technical solution employs a strategy of periodically micro-modulating the drive frequency to address early-stage faults. This approach gently intervenes in motor operation in a non-invasive manner, effectively suppressing the initial development of faults, preventing fault deterioration, and extending the motor's service life.

[0020] In one implementation, when the fault is in the middle stage of development, a corresponding stator and rotor operating state adjustment strategy is determined and executed to suppress the development of the fault, including: detecting the magnetic field pull generated by each phase voltage in the three-phase voltage; reducing the voltage amplitude of the phase voltage with the largest magnetic field pull by a preset first step length; and increasing the voltage amplitude of the phase voltage with the smallest magnetic field pull by a preset first step length.

[0021] This technical solution addresses mid-term faults by adjusting the three-phase voltage amplitude to balance the magnetic field pull, effectively correcting the unbalanced magnetic pull between the stator and rotor, thereby suppressing vibration, slowing down the further development of the fault, and avoiding the excessive intervention that may occur with traditional methods.

[0022] In another implementation, when the fault is in a late stage of development, a corresponding stator and rotor operating state adjustment strategy is determined and executed to suppress the development of the fault, including: taking the phase voltage of the three-phase voltage in which a micro short circuit occurs as the first phase voltage, and taking the phase voltage of the three-phase voltage in which no micro short circuit occurs as the second phase voltage; reducing the voltage amplitude of the first phase voltage by a preset second step; and increasing the voltage amplitude of the second phase voltage by a preset second step.

[0023] This technical solution addresses late-stage faults, particularly micro-short-circuit faults. By specifically adjusting the phase voltage amplitude, it can effectively compensate for the electrical asymmetry caused by the short circuit, thereby maintaining stable motor operation as much as possible at the end of the fault period, buying time for subsequent maintenance, and avoiding sudden shutdowns.

[0024] Secondly, this application also discloses a motor stator and rotor operating state adjustment system, comprising: an acquisition device and a processing device; the acquisition device is used to acquire multiple operating information during motor operation; the multiple operating information includes current data, voltage data, and vibration data of the motor's main shaft, and the motor is a three-phase motor; the processing device is used to determine the characteristic information of each of the multiple operating information based on the operating information, thereby obtaining a set of characteristic information for the multiple operating information; the processing device is used to determine whether the motor has a fault based on the set of characteristic information for the multiple operating information, and when the motor has a fault, to determine the development stage of the fault based on the set of characteristic information for the multiple operating information; the processing device is used to determine and execute a corresponding stator and rotor operating state adjustment strategy based on the development stage of the fault, so as to suppress the development of the fault. Beneficial effects

[0025] The method for adjusting the operating state of a motor stator and rotor disclosed in this application acquires multiple operating information data during motor operation, such as current data, voltage data, and vibration data of the motor spindle. For each operating information data point, its characteristic information is determined, resulting in a set of characteristic information. Based on this set of characteristic information, the method determines whether a fault exists in the motor, and if a fault exists, further determines the stage of its development. Finally, based on the stage of the fault's development, a corresponding stator and rotor operating state adjustment strategy is determined and implemented to effectively suppress the development of the fault.

[0026] This method offers significantly superior technical advantages over existing technologies. Existing technologies often rely on operator experience for parameter adjustments, making it difficult to effectively handle complex and changing operating conditions. Especially when hidden dangers such as weak short circuits occur inside the motor, traditional systems struggle to accurately identify them and may even misjudge and take inappropriate adjustment measures, accelerating motor damage. This application, by acquiring motor operating information in a multi-dimensional, real-time manner and performing refined feature extraction, can comprehensively and accurately reflect the motor's operating status. Through precise judgment of the fault development stage, this application can adopt targeted adjustment strategies, such as periodic micro-amplitude modulation in the early fault stage, balancing magnetic field tension in the mid-fault stage, and compensating for electrical asymmetry in the late fault stage. This phased and refined adjustment method can effectively suppress the initial development of faults, prevent fault deterioration, extend motor lifespan, and maintain stable motor operation as much as possible in the late stage of a fault. This avoids the problem of traditional methods accelerating motor damage due to misjudgment, significantly improving the stability and reliability of motor operation and reducing the risk and losses of unexpected production line downtime. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a method for adjusting the operating state of a motor stator and rotor provided in this application; Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating a method for adjusting the operating state of a motor stator and rotor provided in this application; Figure 3 This application provides a schematic diagram of the architecture of a motor stator and rotor operating status adjustment system. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of this application will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. The components of this application described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0029] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures indicate similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures. Furthermore, in the description of this application, terms such as "first," "second," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0030] Traditional methods for adjusting motor operating conditions often rely on operator experience. This approach falls short when faced with complex and variable operating conditions, such as sudden load changes, abnormal temperature fluctuations, and wear and tear on mechanical components, making it difficult to effectively address the resulting dynamic imbalances. This deficiency can easily lead to increased equipment vibration, higher energy consumption, and even unexpected production line shutdowns, resulting in significant losses. Particularly in precision manufacturing workshops processing high-hardness alloy materials, when the motor spindle system operates under high load for extended periods, a series of subtle chain reactions can occur within the motor, such as inter-turn short circuits. Existing control systems often struggle to accurately identify these potential problems, potentially misinterpreting them as normal load fluctuations and implementing inappropriate adjustments, thereby accelerating motor damage and ultimately causing sudden shutdowns.

[0031] In this regard, such as Figure 1 As shown, this application proposes a method for adjusting the operating state of a motor stator and rotor, including: S101. Acquire multiple operating information during motor operation; the multiple operating information includes current data, voltage data, and vibration data of the motor's main shaft. The motor is a three-phase motor.

[0032] S102. For each piece of running information among multiple pieces of running information, determine the feature information of the running information based on the running information to obtain a set of feature information of multiple pieces of running information.

[0033] S103. Determine whether the motor has a fault based on the feature information set of multiple operating information, and when the motor has a fault, determine the development stage of the fault based on the feature information set of multiple operating information.

[0034] S104. Based on the stage of the fault development, determine and implement the corresponding stator and rotor operating status adjustment strategy to suppress the development of the fault.

[0035] The motor stator and rotor operating status adjustment method of this application obtains multi-dimensional operating information during motor operation, and performs in-depth analysis of this information to extract feature information, thereby determining whether the motor has a fault and its development stage, and executing corresponding adjustment strategies according to the fault development stage. This can effectively suppress the development of faults, significantly improve the reliability and stability of motor operation, and avoid misjudgment and improper adjustment caused by insufficient experience judgment in traditional methods, thus providing a strong guarantee for the stable operation of motors under complex working conditions.

[0036] To facilitate a clearer understanding of the technical solution of this application, some key terms and implementation environments will be explained below. The term "motor" as used in this application specifically refers to a three-phase motor, whose stator and rotor are the core components for converting electrical energy into mechanical energy. During operation, the motor generates various "operational information," which are important indicators reflecting the motor's health status. For example, "current data" records the changes in current across each phase of the motor over time, "voltage data" records the changes in voltage across each phase of the motor over time, and "vibration data of the motor's main shaft" reflects the smoothness of the motor's mechanical operation. After processing this raw operational information, "characteristic information of the operational information" can be obtained. This characteristic information is refined and quantified data that can more intuitively characterize the motor's operating state, such as the harmonic content of the current, transient voltage fluctuations, and specific frequency components of the vibration. Through comprehensive analysis of this characteristic information, it is possible to "determine whether the motor has a fault" and "the stage of development of the fault," such as early, middle, or late stage. Once the fault and its development stage are identified, the corresponding stator and rotor operating status adjustment strategies can be determined and implemented. These strategies aim to "suppress the development of the fault" by adjusting the motor's operating parameters, such as adjusting the drive frequency and voltage amplitude, in order to extend the motor's life and avoid sudden shutdowns.

[0037] The core of the motor stator and rotor operating status adjustment method of this application lies in the accurate perception of the motor operating status, intelligent fault diagnosis, and adaptive adjustment of the strategy.

[0038] Firstly, regarding the acquisition of multiple operational information during motor operation, various methods can be employed. For instance, current and voltage data can be collected in real time by installing current and voltage sensors on the motor power lines. These sensors can be Hall effect sensors or shunts, converting analog signals into digital signals and transmitting them to the processing unit via a data acquisition module. For vibration data of the motor's main shaft, accelerometers or displacement sensors can be installed near the main shaft to capture its vibration in different directions. These sensors also convert vibration signals into electrical signals, which are then amplified, filtered, and digitized before being acquired as vibration data.

[0039] Secondly, regarding the aspect of "determining the characteristic information of each of the multiple operational information sets to obtain a set of characteristic information for multiple operational information sets," the acquired raw operational information can be analyzed in depth. For example, for current data, its root mean square value, peak value, and waveform distortion rate can be calculated as characteristic information. For voltage data, its basic parameters such as frequency, amplitude, and phase can be extracted, or its abnormal conditions such as transient overvoltage and undervoltage can be analyzed as characteristic information. For vibration data, its total vibration energy, vibration amplitude within a specific frequency range, peak factor, kurtosis, and other statistical characteristics can be calculated as characteristic information. This characteristic information can reflect the operating status of the motor from different perspectives, providing data support for subsequent fault diagnosis.

[0040] Furthermore, regarding the determination of whether a motor has a fault based on a set of characteristic information from multiple operating parameters, and the determination of the fault's development stage when a fault exists, a threshold-based judgment method can be adopted. For example, a series of normal operating threshold ranges for characteristic information can be preset. When any one or more characteristic information exceeds its preset normal range, a preliminary judgment is made that the motor may have a fault. To further determine the development stage of the fault, different levels of thresholds can be set. For example, when the characteristic information slightly exceeds the normal range, it is judged as an early-stage fault; when the exceedance is significant, it is judged as a mid-stage fault; and when it is severely exceeded, it is judged as a late-stage fault. This method is simple, intuitive, and easy to implement.

[0041] Finally, regarding "determining and implementing corresponding stator and rotor operating state adjustment strategies based on the stage of fault development to suppress fault progression," different adjustment measures can be taken according to different stages of fault development. For example, in the early stage of a fault, a mild adjustment strategy can be implemented, such as making small adjustments to the motor drive frequency, to attempt to eliminate potential fault hazards. In the middle stage of a fault, a more aggressive adjustment strategy can be adopted, such as adjusting the amplitude or phase of the three-phase voltage to balance the magnetic field pull and reduce vibration. In the late stage of a fault, stronger measures may be needed, such as reducing the motor load, or even considering shutdown for maintenance, to prevent the fault from further deteriorating and causing equipment damage.

[0042] The motor stator and rotor operating state adjustment method of this application forms a complete closed-loop control system through the close coordination of the above-mentioned links. First, multi-sensor fusion technology comprehensively acquires the motor's operating information, ensuring the richness and accuracy of the data sources. Second, feature extraction of this raw data transforms the complex operating state into quantifiable feature information, greatly simplifying the difficulty of fault diagnosis. Third, fault judgment and determination of the development stage are based on the feature information set, making fault diagnosis more accurate and timely. Finally, differentiated adjustment strategies are implemented according to the fault development stage, achieving early intervention and effective suppression of the fault, thereby preventing further deterioration.

[0043] Compared to traditional methods for regulating motor operating conditions, the core innovation of this application lies in its comprehensive perception, intelligent diagnosis, and adaptive adjustment capabilities for motor operating conditions. Traditional methods often rely on the operator's experience or rely solely on simple threshold alarms based on a single parameter (such as current or temperature), making it difficult to cope with complex and ever-changing operating conditions. This is especially true when facing hidden faults such as inter-turn short circuits within the motor, which can easily lead to misjudgments or delayed responses. This application acquires various operating information, including current data, voltage data, and vibration data of the motor's main shaft, and extracts features from this information to more comprehensively and deeply reflect the motor's true operating state. For example, by analyzing features such as current phase difference, high-frequency noise components of voltage, and vibration harmonic amplitude, abnormalities within the motor can be detected earlier, even identifying potential hazards in the early stages of a fault. This multi-dimensional and refined feature analysis significantly improves the accuracy and timeliness of fault diagnosis.

[0044] Furthermore, this application determines and implements corresponding stator and rotor operating status adjustment strategies based on the development stage of the fault, achieving closed-loop management from "problem detection" to "problem resolution." This adaptive adjustment strategy can take the most appropriate intervention measures according to the severity and development trend of the fault, thereby effectively suppressing the development of the fault, extending the service life of the motor, and avoiding production losses caused by sudden shutdowns. Therefore, this application demonstrates significant technological advancements and practical value in motor operating status monitoring, fault diagnosis, and intelligent control.

[0045] Specifically, for each of the aforementioned multiple pieces of operational information, determining the characteristic information of the operational information based on the operational information may include the following steps: The operation information is processed by FFT to obtain the spectral data of the operation information; for the current data, the current phase difference is determined based on the spectral data of the current data, and the current phase difference is used as the feature information of the current data; for the voltage data, the high-frequency noise component in the spectral data of the voltage data is extracted, and the high-frequency noise component is used as the feature information of the voltage data; for the vibration data, the amplitude of the preset high-order harmonics, the phase of the preset high-order harmonics, and the vibration energy within the preset frequency in the spectral data of the vibration data are used as the feature information of the vibration data.

[0046] The FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) processing of the runtime information aims to convert the original time-domain runtime information into frequency-domain spectral data. FFT processing effectively reveals the hidden periodic components and frequency distribution characteristics within the runtime information, providing a foundation for subsequent feature extraction.

[0047] Specifically, by analyzing the spectral data of current data, the current phase difference can be determined. The current phase difference is an important indicator reflecting the operational balance of a three-phase motor. For example, when faults such as inter-turn short circuits, broken bars, or winding imbalances occur within the motor, the phase relationship of the three-phase currents will change abnormally. Using this current phase difference as a characteristic feature of the current data can effectively capture early signs of these faults.

[0048] Furthermore, for voltage data, high-frequency noise components are extracted from its spectral data. High-frequency noise components are usually closely related to phenomena such as partial discharge, insulation degradation, or arcing within the motor. These phenomena may not cause significant changes in current or voltage amplitude in the early stages, but they will generate obvious noise signals in the high-frequency band. Therefore, using high-frequency noise components as characteristic information of voltage data helps to detect abnormalities in the insulation condition of the motor.

[0049] Furthermore, for vibration data, the amplitude and phase of preset higher-order harmonics, as well as the vibration energy within a preset frequency range, are determined from its spectral data. Mechanical faults in motors, such as bearing wear, rotor imbalance, misalignment, or gear failure, often cause changes in vibration amplitude and phase at specific frequencies (including harmonic frequencies of the fundamental frequency). Simultaneously, the vibration energy within a specific frequency range can also reflect the severity of the fault. By extracting these refined vibration characteristics, accurate identification and assessment of the development stage of mechanical faults can be achieved.

[0050] This application's solution uses FFT processing on raw current, voltage, and vibration data to transform them from the time domain to the frequency domain, thereby more effectively revealing potential fault characteristics during motor operation. Specifically, current phase difference can sensitively reflect imbalances or short-circuit faults in the motor's electrical circuit; high-frequency noise components in the voltage data can indicate electrical faults such as insulation degradation or partial discharge; and the amplitude, phase, and vibration energy within preset frequencies of preset high-order harmonics in the vibration data can accurately characterize mechanical faults such as wear, imbalance, or misalignment in bearings, rotors, and other mechanical components. It is precisely because of these finely extracted features that this application can comprehensively analyze the motor's operating state from multiple dimensions and angles, thereby more accurately identifying fault types and determining their development stages.

[0051] The above technical solution transforms raw operational information into characteristic information with clear physical meaning and fault indication, greatly improving the sensitivity and accuracy of fault detection. Compared to judging solely using raw data or simple statistical features, this application extracts fine features such as current phase difference, high-frequency voltage noise components, vibration harmonic amplitude, phase, and vibration energy. This allows for earlier and more accurate detection of minute anomalies within the motor, providing a more reliable and comprehensive basis for subsequent fault diagnosis and adjustment strategy formulation. It effectively avoids misjudgments and omissions, providing strong assurance for the stability and reliability of motor operation.

[0052] This application further proposes a more comprehensive fault diagnosis method, which improves the accuracy and reliability of fault detection by incorporating the temperature value of the motor housing surface.

[0053] According to the above method, such as Figure 2 As shown, determining whether a motor has a fault and, if so, the stage of the fault's development includes: S201. Obtain the temperature value of the motor housing surface.

[0054] S202. Determine whether the motor has a fault based on the temperature value of the motor casing surface and the characteristic information set of multiple operating information, and when the motor has a fault, determine the development stage of the fault based on the characteristic information set of multiple operating information.

[0055] Specifically, obtaining the temperature value of the motor casing surface refers to collecting the external temperature data of the motor in real time or periodically by installing a temperature sensor on the motor casing surface. This temperature value reflects the internal heating of the motor and is an important auxiliary information for assessing the motor's operating status. Determining whether a motor fault exists based on the temperature value of the motor casing surface and a set of feature information from multiple operating data points, and determining the stage of fault development based on the feature information from multiple operating data points when a fault exists, can be understood as fusing temperature information with feature information extracted from current, voltage, and vibration data. For example, a multi-dimensional fault diagnosis model can be constructed. This model takes the temperature value of the motor casing surface and a set of feature information from multiple operating data points as input, and is trained using machine learning algorithms (such as support vector machines, neural networks, or decision trees) to output a judgment result on whether a motor fault exists and the stage of fault development. The aim is to improve the accuracy and robustness of fault diagnosis by utilizing the complementarity of different types of data.

[0056] This application's solution, by incorporating the temperature value of the motor casing surface, can more comprehensively capture changes in the motor's operating status. Many motor faults, such as bearing wear, winding short circuits, and insulation aging, are accompanied by localized or overall temperature increases during their development. In the early stages of a fault, although changes in current, voltage, or vibration data may not be obvious, the temperature may have already begun to rise abnormally. Combining this with temperature information can provide earlier warnings. Furthermore, temperature information can also serve as cross-validation for the results of operational information feature analysis. When the two indicators are consistent, the confidence level of the fault diagnosis is enhanced; when they are inconsistent, the system can be prompted to conduct a more in-depth analysis, avoiding misjudgments or omissions.

[0057] Through the above technical solution, this application can effectively address the limitations of relying solely on operational information characteristics for fault diagnosis. By incorporating the temperature value of the motor casing surface into the fault judgment considerations, the sensitivity and accuracy of motor fault detection can be significantly improved, especially in the early stages of a fault. This allows faults to be detected and located more promptly, providing a more reliable basis for the subsequent implementation of stator and rotor operating state adjustment strategies, further suppressing fault development, extending motor service life, and reducing maintenance costs.

[0058] This application further proposes an improved method for adjusting the operating state of a motor stator and rotor, wherein the presence of a fault in the motor is determined based on the temperature value of the motor casing surface and a set of characteristic information from multiple operating information sources, and when a fault is present, the development stage of the fault is determined based on the set of characteristic information from multiple operating information sources, including: The rate of temperature change of the motor casing is determined based on the temperature value of the motor casing surface; the presence of a fault in the motor is determined based on the rate of temperature change of the casing temperature and a set of characteristic information from multiple operating information sources; and when a fault is present in the motor, the stage of development of the fault is determined based on the set of characteristic information from multiple operating information sources.

[0059] Specifically, the "rate of temperature change of the motor casing" refers to how quickly the surface temperature of the motor casing changes over time. This rate can be obtained by continuously monitoring the temperature value of the casing surface and calculating the ratio of the temperature difference between adjacent time points or over a period of time to the time interval. For example, statistical methods such as the difference method, moving average method, or linear regression can be used to process historical temperature data to smooth noise and accurately estimate the rising or falling trend of temperature. The purpose is to capture the dynamic process of heat generation or dissipation inside the motor, providing more timely and trend-based information for fault diagnosis.

[0060] This application's solution introduces the rate of temperature change in the motor casing as a key indicator for judging motor faults, effectively overcoming the shortcomings of relying solely on instantaneous temperature values. When a fault occurs inside the motor, it is usually accompanied by abnormal heat generation, which leads to a continuous rise in the casing surface temperature. By monitoring the rate of temperature change, even before the absolute temperature value reaches the warning threshold, its continuous upward trend can be detected in time, thus indicating the early occurrence of the fault. Furthermore, the rate of temperature change can distinguish between normal temperature changes caused by ambient temperature fluctuations and abnormal temperature changes caused by internal faults, improving the accuracy of fault diagnosis and its anti-interference capability.

[0061] Through the above technical solution, this application can more sensitively detect early signs of internal motor faults, especially in the initial stage of a fault when the absolute temperature change is not obvious but the temperature rise trend is already apparent, enabling timely warnings. This helps to take intervention measures before the fault develops into a serious stage, preventing further deterioration, thereby extending the motor's service life, reducing maintenance costs, and improving equipment operational reliability. Furthermore, combining a set of characteristic information from multiple operational data sets makes fault diagnosis more comprehensive and accurate.

[0062] This application further proposes a method for adjusting the operating state of a motor stator and rotor, wherein the presence of a motor fault is determined based on the temperature change rate of the motor casing and a set of characteristic information from multiple operating data. When a motor fault is present, the development stage of the fault is determined based on the similarity of multiple preset faults and the development stage of the fault in the fault information of the preset faults, including: Obtain fault information for each of the multiple preset faults of the motor; the fault information includes a set of preset feature information and the development stage of the fault; for each preset fault, determine the similarity between the preset feature information set of the preset fault and the feature information set of multiple operating information; determine whether the motor has a fault based on the similarity corresponding to the multiple preset faults and the temperature change rate of the casing temperature, and when the motor has a fault, determine the development stage of the fault based on the similarity corresponding to the multiple preset faults and the development stage of the fault in the fault information of the preset faults.

[0063] Specifically, acquiring fault information for each of the multiple preset faults in a motor refers to pre-collecting and storing typical characteristic data of various known motor fault types (e.g., bearing wear, winding short circuit, rotor imbalance, stator eccentricity, etc.) before the motor is put into operation or at the beginning of the fault diagnosis system. This fault information can come from historical fault data, experimental data, or simulation data. The fault information includes a set of preset characteristic information and the stage of development of the fault. The set of preset characteristic information refers to a refined and summarized set of characteristic data corresponding to a specific fault type and its development stage. For example, it may include the typical range or pattern of characteristics such as current phase difference, high-frequency voltage noise components, vibration harmonic amplitude and phase, and vibration energy within a preset frequency that a certain fault may exhibit in its early, middle, or late stages. The stage of development of the fault refers to the state description of the preset fault at different severity levels, which can usually be divided into early, middle, or late stages.

[0064] Specifically, for each of the multiple preset faults, the similarity between the preset feature information set of the preset fault and the feature information set of multiple operating information is determined. This can be understood as comparing the feature information set acquired and extracted in real time during the current motor operation with the preset feature information set of each preset fault stored in the database. Similarity calculation can employ various mathematical or statistical methods, such as Euclidean distance, cosine similarity, correlation coefficient, support vector machine (SVM), or neural network machine learning models. The purpose is to quantify the degree of matching between the current motor operating state and each known fault mode.

[0065] In practical applications, the presence of a motor fault is determined based on the similarity of multiple preset faults and the rate of change of the casing temperature. If a fault is found, the current stage of the fault is determined by the similarity of these preset faults and the development stage of the fault information within those preset faults. This means that determining whether a motor is faulty considers not only the macroscopic indicator of the casing temperature's rate of change but also the microscopic, specific degree of matching with various preset fault modes. For example, if the similarity of a preset fault reaches a certain threshold and the casing temperature's rate of change also indicates an abnormality, a more reliable assessment of a motor fault can be made. Furthermore, after determining that a motor is faulty, the specific development stage of the current fault can be determined by analyzing which preset fault has the highest similarity and combining this with the preset development stage in the fault information of that preset fault.

[0066] This application's solution effectively addresses the potential lack of accuracy and specificity when relying solely on the rate of change of casing temperature and a set of operational information features for fault diagnosis. Specifically, when a motor experiences a potential fault, its operational information (such as current, voltage, and vibration) exhibits specific change patterns. These patterns are strongly correlated with different types of faults and their development stages. Through a pre-established fault information database, the system can quantitatively compare the real-time monitored motor operational characteristics with these known fault patterns, thereby calculating the similarity.

[0067] This similarity comparison mechanism enables the system to identify the fault type that best matches the current operating state. Combined with the auxiliary indicator of the rate of change in casing temperature, it provides a more reliable assessment of the fault's existence. It is precisely this pattern-matching-based diagnostic method that allows the system to extract the essential characteristics of faults from complex operational data, avoiding the limitations of relying on a single indicator. Furthermore, by pre-setting the fault development stages within the fault information, the system, after confirming the fault's existence, can further refine the specific development stage of the fault based on the similarity level, providing a more precise basis for subsequent adjustment strategies.

[0068] Through the above technical solution, this application can significantly improve the accuracy and specificity of motor fault diagnosis. Compared with judging solely based on the temperature change rate of the casing and the characteristic information set of operating information, introducing preset fault information and performing similarity comparison enables the system to more accurately identify specific fault types and meticulously classify their development stages. This refined diagnostic capability helps avoid misjudgment and missed judgment, ensuring effective detection and intervention in the early stages of faults, thus providing a solid foundation for timely implementation of targeted stator and rotor operating status adjustment strategies. Therefore, it can not only effectively suppress fault development and extend the service life of the motor, but also significantly reduce downtime and maintenance costs caused by faults, improving equipment operational reliability and economic efficiency.

[0069] This application further proposes the steps of determining whether a motor has a fault based on the similarity of multiple preset faults and the rate of temperature change of the casing temperature, and determining the development stage of the fault based on the similarity of multiple preset faults and the development stage of the fault information when the motor has a fault, including: Obtain a first correspondence; the first correspondence includes a one-to-one correspondence between multiple temperature change rate ranges and multiple first thresholds; take the first threshold corresponding to the temperature change rate range of the casing temperature in the first correspondence as the target first threshold; take the preset fault with the highest similarity among multiple preset faults as the initial fault; determine whether the similarity corresponding to the initial fault is greater than the target first threshold; if the similarity corresponding to the initial fault is greater than the target first threshold, determine that the motor has a fault, and take the development stage of the fault in the fault information of the initial fault as the development stage of the fault; if the similarity corresponding to the initial fault is less than or equal to the target first threshold, determine that the motor does not have a fault.

[0070] Specifically, the first correspondence can be understood as a pre-established set of rules used to guide fault diagnosis. This correspondence associates different ranges of temperature change rates of the casing temperature with corresponding judgment thresholds (i.e., the first threshold). For example, when the casing temperature changes at a low rate, a higher similarity may be required to determine a fault; while when the casing temperature changes at a high rate, even a slightly lower similarity may be considered an early sign of a fault. This correspondence can be trained and optimized based on historical data, expert experience, or machine learning models.

[0071] The target first threshold refers to a specific threshold used for fault diagnosis, retrieved from the first correspondence based on the currently monitored rate of change of the casing temperature. In this way, the judgment threshold is no longer fixed but can be dynamically adjusted according to the actual operating state of the motor (reflected by the rate of change of the casing temperature), thereby improving the flexibility and accuracy of fault diagnosis.

[0072] In practical applications, the initial fault refers to the preset fault that has the highest similarity to the feature information set of the current motor operating information among all preset faults. By identifying the preset fault with the highest similarity, the most likely fault type can be initially determined.

[0073] The core decision-making step of this scheme is to determine whether the similarity to the initial fault is greater than the target first threshold. If the similarity exceeds the dynamically adjusted target first threshold, the motor is considered to have a fault, and the development stage of the initial fault is taken as the current fault development stage. Conversely, if the similarity fails to reach the target first threshold, the motor is considered not to have a fault.

[0074] This application's solution effectively addresses the potential ambiguity in the aforementioned technical framework by introducing a dynamically adjusted target first threshold and comparing it with the similarity to a preset fault. Specifically, the rate of temperature change of the casing is a crucial indicator reflecting the overall thermal state of the motor and the speed of fault development. When a fault occurs inside the motor, it is usually accompanied by increased energy loss, leading to a rise in casing temperature and a faster rate of temperature change.

[0075] By combining the rate of change of the casing temperature with similarity, the limitations of relying on a single indicator can be avoided. For example, even if the similarity to a preset fault is high, if the rate of change of the casing temperature is low, it indicates that the overall thermal state of the motor is stable, which may not be a true fault, or the fault may be in a very early stage, requiring no immediate aggressive adjustment strategies. Conversely, if the rate of change of the casing temperature is high, even if the similarity is slightly below a certain fixed threshold, it may indicate the rapid development of the fault, requiring more sensitive judgment. This dynamic threshold mechanism makes fault judgment more intelligent and adaptable, enabling it to more accurately capture the true state and development trend of the fault.

[0076] Through the above technical solution, this application enables more accurate and reliable judgment of motor faults. By introducing the temperature change rate of the casing temperature as the basis for dynamically adjusting the similarity threshold, the false alarm rate and false negative rate can be effectively reduced. When the motor is in normal operation or in the early stage of a fault, when the temperature change rate is low, the judgment threshold will be increased accordingly, avoiding misjudgments caused by small fluctuations; while when the fault develops rapidly and the temperature change rate increases, the judgment threshold will be decreased accordingly, thus enabling more timely detection and identification of developing faults. This strategy of combining multi-dimensional information and dynamically adjusting the judgment criteria significantly improves the accuracy and real-time performance of motor fault diagnosis, providing a more solid and reliable decision-making basis for subsequent stator and rotor operating status adjustment strategies.

[0077] This application further proposes a stator and rotor operating state adjustment strategy for the early stage of a fault, which aims to suppress the fault in its early stage through a gentle and effective means, thereby avoiding further deterioration of the fault.

[0078] Specifically, the development stage includes early, middle, or late stages. Based on the stage of the fault's development, corresponding stator and rotor operating state adjustment strategies are determined and implemented to suppress the fault's progression, including: Determine whether the fault is in an early stage of development; if the fault is in an early stage of development, determine and execute the corresponding stator and rotor operating state adjustment strategy, which is to periodically micro-modulate the drive frequency of the stator and rotor with a preset modulation frequency.

[0079] The development stage refers to the different degrees of motor fault progression from its initial stage to severe deterioration, typically defined by the intensity and trend of fault characteristic information and its impact on motor performance. Early-stage faults usually manifest as minor abnormalities with minimal impact on overall motor operation, but without intervention, they may develop into mid- or late-stage faults. The preset modulation frequency refers to the specific frequency used to modulate the drive frequency of the stator and rotor. This frequency is pre-set and can be optimized based on the motor type, operating conditions, and common fault modes. For example, the preset modulation frequency could be a lower frequency to avoid significant interference with normal motor operation.

[0080] The drive frequency of the stator and rotor refers to the frequency of the alternating current supplied to the stator windings of the motor, which determines the synchronous speed of the motor. Periodic micro-amplitude modulation refers to superimposing a small-amplitude, periodically changing signal onto the nominal value of the drive frequency, causing the drive frequency to fluctuate slightly within a certain range. This modulation can be a sine wave, square wave, or other periodic waveform, and its amplitude is usually much smaller than the nominal value of the drive frequency to ensure that the motor can still maintain normal operating conditions. Its purpose is to suppress the development of early faults by slightly altering the motor's operating conditions, dispersing or alleviating local stress.

[0081] The proposed solution addresses the lack of sophisticated strategies for early fault intervention in existing basic solutions by periodically and slightly modulating the drive frequency of the stator and rotor during the early stages of a fault. Early faults typically manifest as localized stress concentration, slight imbalance, or initial wear, which are often sensitive to specific operating frequencies or vibration modes. By introducing a preset modulation frequency to slightly modulate the drive frequency, the motor's operating state can periodically deviate slightly from its nominal operating condition within a certain range. This minute frequency fluctuation effectively alters the internal magnetic field distribution, mechanical vibration mode, or localized stress conditions of the motor, preventing the fault point from being under a single, continuous stress state for an extended period. For example, for early bearing wear, slight modulation can change the contact point between the balls and raceways, preventing wear concentration in a specific area; for stator-rotor imbalance, slight modulation can slightly change the resonant frequency, preventing prolonged operation near the resonant point. This non-invasive and gentle intervention effectively alleviates stress accumulation at the fault point, delays further fault development, and buys time for subsequent maintenance or deeper diagnosis.

[0082] Through the above technical solution, this application enables precise and gentle intervention in early motor faults. Compared to basic solutions that lack specific strategies, this solution, by introducing periodic micro-amplitude modulation, can effectively disperse or alleviate the continuous stress at early fault points (such as localized stress concentration, slight imbalance, or initial wear), thereby suppressing further deterioration of the fault without significantly affecting the overall operating performance of the motor. This refined early intervention strategy not only extends the service life of the motor and reduces downtime risks and maintenance costs caused by fault development, but also avoids large-scale, high-cost modifications or replacements of the motor, significantly improving the reliability and economy of motor operation.

[0083] This application further proposes a strategy for determining and implementing corresponding stator and rotor operating state adjustment when the fault is in the middle stage of development, in order to suppress the development of the fault. This strategy includes: The magnetic field pull generated by each phase voltage in the three-phase voltage is detected; the voltage amplitude of the phase voltage with the largest magnetic field pull is reduced by a preset step length; the voltage amplitude of the phase voltage with the smallest magnetic field pull is increased by a preset step length.

[0084] Specifically, when a fault progresses to the middle stage, an imbalance may occur in the electromagnetic field inside the motor, leading to differences in the magnetic field pull generated by different phase voltages. Magnetic field pull refers to the mutual attraction or repulsion force generated between the motor's stator and rotor due to electromagnetic interactions; its magnitude and direction directly affect the motor's operational stability and vibration level. The magnetic field pull generated by each phase voltage can be detected by analyzing the current and voltage waveforms of each phase and calculating them using a motor model, or indirectly by using sensors installed inside or outside the motor (such as magnetic field sensors, vibration sensors, etc.). The purpose is to accurately identify the phase voltage causing the electromagnetic imbalance. Reducing the voltage amplitude of the phase voltage with the largest magnetic field pull by a preset first step length means that after identifying the phase voltage with an abnormally increased magnetic field pull, the control system appropriately lowers the amplitude of its supply voltage.

[0085] The preset first-step length is a pre-defined voltage adjustment amount. It can be empirically set or dynamically adjusted via algorithms based on the specific motor model, operating conditions, and fault type to ensure accuracy and safety. This aims to weaken excessive magnetic field pull and alleviate localized stress concentration. Simultaneously, increasing the voltage amplitude of the phase with the lowest magnetic field pull by the preset first-step length means increasing the voltage amplitude of the phase with abnormally reduced magnetic field pull. By increasing its voltage amplitude, the magnetic field pull of that phase can be strengthened, thus creating a synergistic effect with the adjustment of the phase with the highest magnetic field pull, jointly achieving a rebalancing of the three-phase magnetic field pull. The purpose is to actively adjust the voltage amplitude of each phase to offset the imbalance caused by the fault and restore the stability of motor operation.

[0086] This application's solution addresses the electromagnetic imbalance caused by fault development by directly detecting and adjusting the magnetic field pull generated by the three-phase voltage during the mid-stage of a fault. When the fault is in its mid-stage, localized defects within the motor can lead to magnetic circuit saturation, uneven air gaps, or short circuits between winding turns, resulting in differences in the magnetic field pull of each phase. By accurately detecting the magnetic field pull of each phase, phases with excessively strong or weak pulls can be identified. Then, by reducing the voltage amplitude of the phase with the strongest pull and increasing the voltage amplitude of the phase with the weakest pull, the electromagnetic energy of each phase can be effectively redistributed, bringing the three-phase magnetic field pulls towards balance. This proactive voltage amplitude adjustment mechanism directly addresses the physical root causes of fault development, thereby suppressing further fault deterioration.

[0087] Through the above technical solution, this application provides a more precise and effective suppression strategy for motor faults in the mid-stage of development. Compared with frequency micro-modulation for early faults, this method of directly adjusting the phase voltage amplitude can more quickly and directly correct the electromagnetic imbalance caused by the fault, effectively reduce local stress inside the motor, reduce vibration and noise, thereby significantly delaying the development of the fault, preventing the fault from rapidly deteriorating to the late stage, extending the service life of the motor, and reducing economic losses caused by downtime due to faults.

[0088] This application further proposes a strategy for determining and implementing corresponding stator and rotor operating state adjustment when the fault is in a late stage of development, in order to suppress the development of the fault. This strategy includes: The phase voltage in the three-phase voltage that experiences a micro-short circuit is taken as the first phase voltage, and the phase voltage in the three-phase voltage that does not experience a micro-short circuit is taken as the second phase voltage; the voltage amplitude of the first phase voltage is reduced by a preset second step; and the voltage amplitude of the second phase voltage is increased by a preset second step.

[0089] Specifically, the "late stage" of the fault indicates that the motor fault has progressed to a relatively serious stage, potentially involving micro-short circuits in local windings, significantly impacting the motor's operational stability. Without timely intervention, this could lead to more severe damage or even shutdown. "Using the phase voltage with the micro-short circuit as the first phase voltage" means identifying the specific phase winding experiencing the micro-short circuit through fault diagnosis. A micro-short circuit causes a change in the impedance characteristics of that phase winding, thus affecting its voltage and current performance. "Using the phase voltage without the micro-short circuit as the second phase voltage" refers to the voltages of all phases except the one with the micro-short circuit. In a three-phase motor, typically two phases do not experience micro-short circuits; these two phases can be considered the second phase voltages.

[0090] In practical applications, "reducing the voltage amplitude of the first phase by a preset second step" aims to reduce the current in that phase, thereby reducing heat generation at the short-circuit point and suppressing further fault deterioration. The preset second step is a pre-defined voltage adjustment amount, the size of which can be empirically set or determined through simulation optimization based on factors such as the severity of the fault, motor model, and operating conditions. Simultaneously, "increasing the voltage amplitude of the second phase by a preset second step" aims to compensate for the overall magnetic field imbalance caused by the reduction in the first phase voltage, while maintaining the stability of the motor's output power and preventing new operational problems caused by excessive single-phase voltage adjustment. The increasing step and the decreasing step can be the same to maintain overall voltage balance, or they can be adjusted according to specific circumstances.

[0091] The reason this application's solution employs this adjustment strategy when the fault is in its late stage is that late-stage faults, especially micro-short circuits, can lead to localized overheating and a minor imbalance in the magnetic field. Without timely intervention, these faults can rapidly develop into inter-turn short circuits or even phase-to-phase short circuits, causing the motor to burn out. By reducing the voltage amplitude of the first phase where the micro-short circuit occurs, the current flowing through the short-circuit point can be directly reduced, effectively decreasing Joule heat loss at the short-circuit point, suppressing localized temperature increases, and delaying insulation aging and further fault expansion. Simultaneously, by increasing the voltage amplitude of the second phase where the micro-short circuit does not occur, the magnetic field imbalance caused by the reduced voltage of the first phase can be compensated to some extent, maintaining the overall magnetomotive force of the motor. This ensures that the motor can continue to operate under fault conditions, avoiding production interruptions caused by immediate shutdown and buying time for subsequent maintenance. This differentiated voltage amplitude adjustment can specifically mitigate the direct impact of late-stage faults while also considering the motor's operational stability.

[0092] Through the above technical solution, this application provides a more direct and effective intervention method to address serious problems such as micro-short circuits that may occur in the late stages of motor fault development. Compared with the micro-amplitude modulation strategy for early faults, this solution, by accurately identifying the faulty phase and specifically reducing its voltage amplitude while compensating for the voltage amplitude of other phases, can significantly suppress the heating at the fault point, effectively slow down the rate of fault deterioration, and prevent the fault from rapidly escalating into catastrophic damage. Therefore, it not only extends the safe operating time of the motor under fault conditions and reduces economic losses caused by sudden shutdowns, but also provides a valuable time window for fault diagnosis and repair, improving the reliability and safety of motor operation.

[0093] This application proposes a motor stator and rotor operating state adjustment system, comprising: an acquisition device and a processing device; the acquisition device is used to acquire multiple operating information during motor operation; the multiple operating information includes current data, voltage data, and vibration data of the motor's main shaft, and the motor is a three-phase motor; the processing device is used to determine the characteristic information of each of the multiple operating information based on the operating information, thereby obtaining a set of characteristic information for the multiple operating information; the processing device is used to determine whether the motor has a fault based on the set of characteristic information for the multiple operating information, and when a fault exists in the motor, to determine the development stage of the fault based on the set of characteristic information for the multiple operating information; the processing device is used to determine and execute a corresponding stator and rotor operating state adjustment strategy based on the development stage of the fault, so as to suppress the development of the fault.

[0094] It is important to emphasize that the acquisition device can be configured to include multiple sensor modules and data acquisition modules. For example, current and voltage data can be acquired in real time using current and voltage sensors mounted on the motor power lines. These sensors can be Hall effect sensors, shunts, or voltage transformers, which convert analog signals into digital signals. For vibration data of the motor shaft, accelerometers or displacement sensors can be installed near the motor shaft to capture its vibration in different directions. These sensors also convert vibration signals into electrical signals, which are then amplified, filtered, and digitized before being acquired as vibration data. The data acquisition module is responsible for the initial integration and preprocessing of this digitized operational information and transmits it to the processing device via a wired or wireless communication interface.

[0095] It is important to emphasize that the processing device can be configured to include one or more processors, memory, and input / output interfaces. The processor can be a microcontroller, digital signal processor (DSP), or general-purpose computer processor, used to execute preset algorithms and programs. The memory is used to store operating information, feature information sets, fault models, regulation strategies, and program instructions. The input / output interface is used to receive operating information transmitted by the acquisition device and send regulation commands to the motor driver or controller.

[0096] The above description is merely an embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A method for adjusting the operating state of a motor stator and rotor, characterized in that, include: Acquire multiple operational information during motor operation; Multiple operational data points include current data, voltage data, and vibration data of the motor's main shaft. The motor is a three-phase motor. For each piece of operational information among multiple operational information, the feature information of the operational information is determined based on the operational information, resulting in a set of feature information for multiple operational information. The presence of a motor fault is determined based on a set of characteristic information from multiple operating information sources, and when a motor fault is present, the stage of the fault's development is determined based on the set of characteristic information from multiple operating information sources. Based on the stage of the fault's development, determine and implement corresponding stator and rotor operating status adjustment strategies to suppress the fault's development.

2. The method for adjusting the operating state of a motor stator and rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that, For each piece of operational information among multiple operational information entries, determine the characteristic information of the operational information based on the operational information, including: Perform FFT processing on the operation information to obtain the spectral data of the operation information; For current data, the current phase difference is determined based on the spectrum data of the current data, and the current phase difference is used as the feature information of the current data. For voltage data, high-frequency noise components are extracted from the spectral data of the voltage data, and these high-frequency noise components are used as feature information of the voltage data. For vibration data, the amplitude of preset higher harmonics, the phase of preset higher harmonics, and the vibration energy within preset frequencies in the spectral data of vibration data are used as the characteristic information of vibration data.

3. The method for adjusting the operating state of a motor stator and rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The system determines whether a motor has a fault based on a set of characteristic information from multiple operating data points. If a fault is found, the system further determines the stage of the fault's development based on this set of characteristic information, including: Obtain the temperature value of the motor housing surface; The presence of a motor fault is determined by the temperature value on the motor casing surface and a set of characteristic information from multiple operating parameters. If a fault is present, the stage of the fault is determined based on the set of characteristic information from multiple operating parameters.

4. The method for adjusting the operating state of a motor stator and rotor according to claim 3, characterized in that, The presence of a motor fault is determined based on the temperature value of the motor casing surface and a set of characteristic information from multiple operating parameters. Furthermore, if a fault is present, the development stage of the fault is determined based on the set of characteristic information from multiple operating parameters, including: The rate of temperature change of the motor housing is determined based on the temperature value on the surface of the motor housing. The presence of a motor fault is determined based on the rate of temperature change of the casing temperature and a set of characteristic information from multiple operating parameters. If a motor fault is present, the stage of the fault's development is determined based on the set of characteristic information from multiple operating parameters.

5. The method for adjusting the operating state of a motor stator and rotor according to claim 4, characterized in that, The presence of a motor fault is determined based on the rate of temperature change in the casing and a set of characteristic information from multiple operating parameters. Furthermore, if a motor fault is present, the development stage of the fault is determined based on the set of characteristic information from multiple operating parameters, including: Obtain fault information for each of the multiple preset faults of the motor; the fault information includes a set of preset feature information and the development stage of the fault. For each preset fault among multiple preset faults, determine the similarity between the preset feature information set of the preset fault and the feature information set of multiple operation information; The presence of a motor fault is determined based on the similarity of multiple preset faults and the rate of temperature change of the casing. If a motor fault exists, the development stage of the fault is determined based on the similarity of multiple preset faults and the development stage of the fault in the fault information of the preset faults.

6. The method for adjusting the operating state of a motor stator and rotor according to claim 5, characterized in that, The presence of a motor fault is determined based on the similarity of multiple preset faults and the rate of temperature change in the casing. If a motor fault is present, the development stage of the fault is determined based on the similarity of multiple preset faults and the development stage of the fault information within the preset faults. This includes: Obtain the first correspondence; the first correspondence includes a one-to-one correspondence between multiple temperature change rate ranges and multiple first thresholds; The first threshold corresponding to the temperature change rate range of the casing temperature in the first correspondence is taken as the target first threshold. The preset fault with the highest similarity among multiple preset faults is taken as the initial fault. Determine whether the similarity corresponding to the initial fault is greater than the first target threshold; If the similarity corresponding to the initial fault is greater than the target first threshold, it is determined that the motor has a fault, and the development stage of the fault in the fault information of the initial fault is taken as the development stage of the fault. If the similarity corresponding to the initial fault is less than or equal to the target first threshold, it is determined that the motor does not have a fault.

7. The method for adjusting the operating state of a motor stator and rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The development stage includes early, middle, or late stages. Based on the stage of the fault's development, corresponding stator and rotor operating condition adjustment strategies are determined and implemented to suppress the fault's progression, including: Determine whether the fault is in an early stage of development; When the fault is in its early stage of development, the corresponding stator and rotor operating state adjustment strategy is determined and implemented by periodically micro-modulating the drive frequency of the stator and rotor with a preset modulation frequency.

8. The method for adjusting the operating state of a motor stator and rotor according to claim 7, characterized in that, When the fault is in the middle stage of development, the corresponding stator and rotor operating state adjustment strategy is determined and implemented to suppress the development of the fault, including: Detecting the magnetic field pulling force generated by each phase voltage in a three-phase voltage system; Reduce the voltage amplitude of the phase voltage with the greatest magnetic field pull by a preset first step length; Increase the voltage amplitude of the phase voltage with the smallest magnetic field pull by a preset first step length.

9. A method for adjusting the operating state of a motor stator and rotor according to claim 7, characterized in that, When the fault is in a late stage of development, the corresponding stator and rotor operating state adjustment strategy is determined and implemented to suppress the development of the fault, including: The phase voltage in the three-phase voltage where a micro-short circuit occurs is taken as the first phase voltage, and the phase voltage in the three-phase voltage where no micro-short circuit occurs is taken as the second phase voltage. Reduce the voltage amplitude of the first phase voltage by a preset second step; Increase the voltage amplitude of the second phase voltage by a preset second step.

10. A motor stator and rotor operating state adjustment system, characterized in that, include: Acquisition device and processing device; Acquisition device, used to acquire multiple operating information during motor operation; Multiple operational data points include current data, voltage data, and vibration data of the motor's main shaft. The motor is a three-phase motor. A processing device is used to determine the feature information of each of the multiple pieces of operational information based on the operational information, and to obtain a set of feature information of the multiple pieces of operational information. The processing device is used to determine whether the motor has a fault based on the feature information set of multiple operating information, and when the motor has a fault, to determine the development stage of the fault based on the feature information set of multiple operating information. The processing device is used to determine and execute the corresponding stator and rotor operating state adjustment strategy according to the development stage of the fault, so as to suppress the development of the fault.

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