Dual mode digital satellite communication terminal system and method

Abstract

The application discloses a dual-mode data collection satellite communication terminal system and method, which comprises a power module for supplying power for the terminal, a host module for executing instructions and storing data, various data collection sensors and a GNSS module connected with the host module through different serial ports, and a communication module connected with the host module through a bus. The application dynamically determines the distance between the terminal and the satellite by calculating the distance and combining the distance threshold value, avoids the terminal continuously seeking connection when there is no available satellite, effectively reduces the power consumption of the terminal, simultaneously combines the ground 4 / 5G communication and the low-orbit satellite constellation system, significantly improves the data collection transmission rate, breaks the ground network coverage limit, and realizes the data collection transmission in the unmanned mountain area, the ocean and other areas without ground signals.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a data acquisition satellite communication terminal system and method, specifically to a dual-mode data acquisition satellite communication terminal system and method. Background Technology

[0002] In the wave of low-altitude economic technology, the transmission of data and information between objects and between objects and people is widely used. Common data acquisition and transmission technologies mainly include short-range wireless communication technology and cellular mobile communication technology. However, due to their reliance on terrestrial communication networks, data acquisition and transmission cannot be achieved in areas not yet covered by terrestrial communication networks (such as vast uninhabited mountainous areas and oceans). Meanwhile, although satellite data acquisition terminals based on medium- and high-orbit satellite systems can achieve data acquisition and transmission, the transmission rate is low. Existing data acquisition and transmission systems achieve high-speed data acquisition and transmission by introducing low-orbit satellite constellation systems.

[0003] Currently, low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellite constellation systems are still in the process of continuous satellite launches and network construction, with a relatively small number of satellites capable of providing services. However, existing data acquisition satellite communication terminals based on LEO satellite constellations continue to seek connections to LEO satellites even when there is no signal coverage or available satellites for data acquisition terminals to connect to. This results in the terminals operating in a state of continuous high power consumption, and the actual data acquisition and transmission are not comprehensively considered in conjunction with terrestrial 4G / 5G networks. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Purpose of the invention: The purpose of this invention is to provide a dual-mode data acquisition satellite communication terminal system that can improve data acquisition transmission rate and reduce terminal power consumption; the second purpose of this invention is to provide a dual-mode data acquisition satellite communication method that can overcome the coverage limitations of terrestrial 4 / 5G communication.

[0005] Technical solution: The dual-mode data acquisition satellite communication terminal system of the present invention includes: a power supply module for powering the terminal, a host module for executing instructions and storing data, various data acquisition sensors and GNSS modules connected to the host module through different serial ports, and a communication module connected to the host module through a bus;

[0006] The host module receives terminal GNSS location information sent by the GNSS module via a serial port and receives low-orbit satellite ephemeris data sent by the communication module via a bus. It is used to calculate the position distance between the terminal and the satellite and compare it with a preset distance threshold. The comparison result is sent to the low-orbit satellite communication module of the communication module via the bus.

[0007] Various data acquisition sensors are used to collect external data and send it to the host module, providing a data source for subsequent data transmission.

[0008] The GNSS module is connected to the GNSS antenna via an interface and is used to obtain the terminal's GNSS location information;

[0009] The communication module includes: a 4 / 5G communication module, a 4 / 5G communication antenna, a low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellite communication module, and an LEO satellite communication antenna. The 4 / 5G communication module is connected to the 4 / 5G communication antenna via an interface and is used to acquire LEO satellite ephemeris data and transmit the acquired data to the terrestrial 4 / 5G communication network. The LEO satellite communication module is connected to the LEO satellite communication antenna via an interface and is used to dynamically enable and disable the LEO satellite communication module based on comparison results, thereby controlling the connection and disconnection of the terminal's acquired data being forwarded to the data acquisition satellite terminal data center through the LEO satellite constellation system.

[0010] Preferably, the 4 / 5G communication module transmits the collected data to the terrestrial 4 / 5G communication network via a wireless link through a 4 / 5G communication antenna.

[0011] Preferably, the host module consists of a CPU, a hard disk, and memory, and converts the terminal's GNSS location information into the terminal's ECEF coordinates to reduce CPU time complexity, reduce power consumption per unit time, and reduce terminal power consumption.

[0012] Preferably, the 4 / 5G communication module obtains the current low-orbit satellite ephemeris data by periodically and remotely interacting with the ephemeris server through the 4 / 5G communication antenna.

[0013] Preferably, the host module substitutes the received low-orbit satellite ephemeris data into the orbital model formula set to obtain the satellite's ECEF coordinate position and velocity.

[0014] Preferably, the host module uses a three-dimensional spatial distance calculation method to calculate the positional distance between the terminal and the satellite based on the ECEF coordinates of the terminal and the satellite.

[0015] Preferably, the distance threshold is dynamically adjusted based on the satellite's orbital parameters, elevation angle, and number of beams. When the distance between the terminal and the satellite is greater than the distance threshold, the low-Earth orbit satellite communication module performs a power-off operation, and the data acquisition and transmission are interrupted. If the distance between the terminal and the satellite is less than or equal to the distance threshold, the low-Earth orbit satellite communication module performs a power-on operation and transmits the acquired data to the low-Earth orbit satellite constellation system via a wireless link through the low-Earth orbit satellite communication antenna for directional forwarding.

[0016] Preferably, the low-Earth orbit satellite constellation system includes satellites within the signal coverage area that can achieve network access, used to forward the received data to the data acquisition satellite terminal data center.

[0017] Preferably, the data acquisition satellite terminal data center consists of a terrestrial 4 / 5G communication network and a data application center, and the data application center performs aggregation processing on the received data.

[0018] The dual-mode data acquisition satellite communication method of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0019] S1. Power supply is provided to each module of the dual-mode data acquisition satellite communication terminal through the power supply module;

[0020] S2. Various data acquisition sensors are connected to the host module via serial ports to perform terminal data acquisition operations and provide data sources for subsequent data transmission.

[0021] The S3 and 4 / 5G communication modules, together with the 4 / 5G communication antenna, transmit data to the terrestrial 4 / 5G communication network via a wireless link. At the same time, the 4 / 5G communication module acquires low-orbit satellite ephemeris data through the 4 / 5G communication antenna, and sends the low-orbit satellite ephemeris data to the host module through the bus.

[0022] S4. Obtain the terminal's GNSS location information through the GNSS module and GNSS antenna, and send the terminal's GNSS location information to the host module through the serial port;

[0023] S5. The host module converts the terminal's GNSS position information into the terminal's ECEF coordinate position, substitutes the received low-orbit satellite ephemeris data into the orbit model formula group to calculate the satellite's ECEF coordinate position and velocity, uses a three-dimensional spatial distance calculation method to obtain the position distance between the terminal and the satellite, judges it against a distance threshold to obtain a judgment result, and sends the judgment result to the low-orbit satellite communication module through the bus.

[0024] S6. The low-Earth orbit satellite communication module controls the on / off state of data acquisition and transmission based on the aforementioned determination result via the low-Earth orbit satellite communication antenna:

[0025] If the distance between the terminal and the satellite is greater than the distance threshold, the low-orbit satellite communication module will shut down and interrupt data acquisition and transmission.

[0026] If the distance between the terminal and the satellite is less than or equal to the distance threshold, the low-Earth orbit satellite communication module will perform a power-on operation and transmit the collected data to the low-Earth orbit satellite constellation system via a wireless link through the low-Earth orbit satellite communication antenna to wait for the next step of forwarding.

[0027] S7. Through a wireless link, the low-Earth orbit satellite constellation system forwards the received data to the data acquisition satellite terminal data center for aggregation and processing.

[0028] Beneficial Effects: Compared with existing technologies, this invention has the following significant advantages: 1. By integrating terrestrial 4 / 5G communication with satellite communication, it breaks through the limitations of terrestrial network coverage and can achieve data acquisition and transmission in areas without terrestrial signals, such as uninhabited mountainous areas and oceans, making it applicable to a wider range of scenarios; 2. Compared with medium and high orbit satellite systems, using a low orbit satellite constellation system for data acquisition and transmission improves the transmission rate and meets the high-speed data transmission requirements under low-altitude economic conditions; 3. By utilizing terrestrial 4 / 5G networks and low orbit satellite constellations to form a dual-mode transmission architecture, and by dynamically calculating the relative position and distance between the terminal and the satellite and combining it with a distance threshold, the satellite communication module can be dynamically turned on and off, avoiding the high power consumption caused by the terminal continuously searching for satellites in scenarios without signal coverage, making the terminal operation more energy-efficient. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of data acquisition and transmission based on a low-Earth orbit satellite constellation system, as presented in this invention.

[0030] Figure 2 This is a diagram of the overall architecture of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the low-power mechanism of the system of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] In this embodiment, the data acquisition and transmission process based on a low-Earth orbit satellite constellation system in the dual-mode data acquisition satellite communication terminal system is as follows: Figure 1 As shown. A complete basic business process is as follows:

[0034] First, the dual-mode data acquisition satellite communication terminal system 3 transmits the acquired data to the low-Earth orbit satellite constellation system 1.

[0035] Secondly, the onboard base station carried by the low-orbit satellite constellation system 1 encapsulates the data collected by the dual-mode data acquisition satellite communication terminal system 3 and transmits it transparently to the data acquisition satellite terminal data center 2.

[0036] Finally, the collected data is aggregated and processed by the data application center in the data acquisition satellite terminal data platform 2.

[0037] The implementation of the dual-mode data acquisition satellite communication terminal system 3 depends on the normal operation of the services provided by the data acquisition satellite terminal data center 2 and the low-Earth orbit satellite constellation system 1. When the low-Earth orbit satellite constellation system 1 and the data acquisition satellite terminal data center 2 do not meet the transmission conditions, the dual-mode data acquisition satellite communication terminal system 3 can still achieve data acquisition and transmission through the designed 4 / 5G communication module, provided that the ground communication base station service is normal.

[0038] like Figure 2As shown, the dual-mode data acquisition satellite communication terminal system in this embodiment is implemented through the following technical solution:

[0039] The dual-mode data acquisition satellite communication terminal system includes: a power supply module for powering the terminal, a host module for executing commands and storing data, various data acquisition sensors and GNSS modules connected to the host module via different serial ports, and a communication module connected to the host module via a bus.

[0040] The host module, consisting of a CPU, hard disk, and memory, is used for executing instructions, performing calculations, and storing data, such as: (1) storing acquired external data; (2) converting the terminal's GNSS position into the terminal's ECEF coordinate position; (3) substituting the current low-orbit satellite ephemeris data into a set of various orbital model formulas to calculate the satellite's ECEF coordinate position and velocity; and (4) calculating the distance between the terminal and the satellite using a three-dimensional spatial distance calculation method based on the ECEF coordinate positions of the terminal and the satellite. It also dynamically presets the distance threshold based on the satellite's orbital parameters, elevation angle, and number of beams. The system compares the distance between the terminal and the satellite with a distance threshold and sends the comparison result to the low-Earth orbit satellite communication module via a bus.

[0041] Various data acquisition sensors connect to the host module via different serial ports (e.g., RS232 serial port, RS485 serial port, etc.) to acquire external data and send it to the host module, providing a data source for subsequent data transmission.

[0042] The GNSS module connects to the GNSS antenna via the MMCX interface to acquire the terminal's GNSS location information and transmits this information to the host module via the UART serial port.

[0043] The communication module, running an application system based on the OpenWrt system, includes: a 4 / 5G communication module, a 4 / 5G communication antenna, a low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellite communication module, and an LEO satellite communication antenna. The 4 / 5G communication module connects to the 4 / 5G communication antenna via an IPEX interface, used for periodic remote message interaction with the ephemeris server to obtain the current LEO satellite ephemeris data and send it to the host module. It also acquires data stored in the host module via a bus and transmits the data via the 4 / 5G antenna to the terrestrial 4 / 5G communication network through a wireless link. The ground-based data application center then aggregates and processes the received data. Upon receiving the comparison result, when... When this occurs, it indicates that the low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellite constellation system does not contain any satellites within its signal coverage area that can achieve network connectivity. The LEO satellite communication module then performs a shutdown operation and interrupts data acquisition and transmission. When the low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellite communication module performs a power-on operation, it indicates that the LEO satellite constellation system contains satellites within its signal coverage area that can achieve network access. The LEO satellite communication module performs a power-on operation and transmits the collected data to the LEO satellite constellation system via a wireless link through the LEO satellite communication antenna. The LEO satellite constellation system then forwards the received collected data to the data acquisition satellite terminal data platform, which consists of a terrestrial 4G / 5G communication network and a data application center. Finally, the data application center aggregates and processes the received collected data.

[0044] This embodiment addresses the high power consumption issue present in current satellite communication terminal systems by designing a low-power mechanism that differs from conventional methods. Firstly, unlike TT&C satellite systems using medium-to-high Earth orbit (MEO) satellites for transmission, this solution employs a low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellite constellation system capable of supporting high-speed data transmission at the hundreds of megabits per second (Mbps). Secondly, unlike power control achieved through wired connections with sleep-wake cycles within the terminal, this solution utilizes wireless connectivity, determining the availability of accessible over-the-top LEO satellite constellations to meet low-power requirements.

[0045] like Figure 3 As shown, the basic design concept of the low-power mechanism of this terminal is as follows: First, the location data of the data acquisition satellite communication terminal is acquired; second, the ephemeris data of the low-Earth orbit satellite is acquired; then, based on the distance calculation results of the location data and the ephemeris data, the timing for powering on / off of the low-Earth orbit satellite communication module in the dual-mode data acquisition satellite communication terminal system is determined; finally, the low-Earth orbit satellite communication module can automatically perform power on / off. Therefore, when the low-Earth orbit satellite communication module is in a powered-off state, the power consumption of the data acquisition satellite communication terminal can be reduced.

[0046] This embodiment also provides a dual-mode data acquisition satellite communication method, the specific steps of which are as follows:

[0047] S1. Power is supplied to each module of the dual-mode data acquisition satellite communication terminal through the power supply module.

[0048] S2. Various data acquisition sensors connect to the host module via different serial ports to perform terminal data acquisition operations and send the acquired data to the host module for storage. The serial port can be an RS232 serial port, an RS485 serial port, etc.

[0049] S3. When in an area with 4 / 5G signal coverage, the host module sends the collected data to the 4 / 5G communication module of the communication module. Prioritizing the use of the 4 / 5G communication module in conjunction with the 4 / 5G communication antenna, it connects to the terrestrial mobile network via a wireless link to transmit the collected data to the terrestrial 4 / 5G communication network. The data application center then aggregates and processes the received data. Simultaneously, the 4 / 5G communication module periodically interacts with the ephemeris server via the 4 / 5G communication antenna to obtain the current low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellite ephemeris data. That is, the terminal interacts with the ephemeris server at preset time intervals to obtain the current satellite coordinates, and then the 4 / 5G communication module sends the LEO satellite ephemeris data to the host module via the bus. During this process, the terminal can obtain LEO satellite ephemeris data at any given time.

[0050] The S4 GNSS module, in conjunction with the GNSS antenna, acquires the terminal's GNSS location information. The GNSS module then sends the terminal's GNSS location information to the host module via the UART serial port.

[0051] S5. After the host module receives the low-Earth orbit satellite ephemeris data and the terminal GNSS position information, the host module converts the terminal GNSS position information into the terminal ECEF coordinate position; simultaneously, it substitutes the low-Earth orbit satellite ephemeris data into a set of various orbit model formulas to calculate the satellite ECEF coordinate position and velocity, and uses a three-dimensional spatial distance calculation method to obtain the dynamic position distance between the terminal and the satellite. , and the preset distance threshold A comparison is performed, and the comparison result is sent to the low-Earth orbit satellite communication module via a bus, wherein a preset distance threshold is included. The system flexibly selects the appropriate beam pattern based on factors such as satellite orbit, elevation angle, and number of beams under different conditions. When in areas without 4 / 5G signal coverage, because the satellite's trajectory is fixed and ephemeris data contains the satellite's movement trajectory, the host module automatically retrieves pre-set low-Earth orbit ephemeris data to calculate the satellite's ECEF coordinates and velocity in order to calculate the distance between the terminal and the satellite. Therefore, even in situations without terrestrial 4 / 5G networks or low-Earth orbit satellite network services, the availability of the terminal's data acquisition and transmission functions can still be guaranteed to the greatest extent.

[0052] Methods for converting GNSS location information into terminal ECEF coordinates include: simplified parameter calculation based on the WGS-84 ellipsoid, inverse projection calculation based on UTM, and coordinate transformation methods based on the WGS-84 ellipsoid datum. Taking the "coordinate transformation method based on the WGS-84 ellipsoid datum" as an example, the calculation process is as follows:

[0053] Step 1: Convert the latitude and longitude output by the GNSS module into latitude radians. With longitude in radians ;

[0054] Step 2: Based on the ellipsoid parameters (e.g., eccentricity) eccentricity square semi-major axis of the ellipsoid ellipsoid semi-minor axis and ellipsoidal flattening (etc.), calculate the auxiliary variable, the radius of curvature of the ramusoidal circle. naturalization latitude ;

[0055] Step 3: According to , , and Earth High Calculate the terminal ECEF coordinates using parameters such as [parameters]. .

[0056] The satellite's ECEF coordinate position and velocity are calculated using a set of various orbital model formulas, including: average angular velocity formula, instantaneous mean anomaly angle formula, orbital angular momentum formula, iterative formula for off-center anomaly angle, true anomaly angle correlation formula, perigee argument correction formula, orbital radius formula, orbital plane coordinate formula, ECEF coordinate transformation formula, satellite velocity vector formula, and satellite velocity formula, etc. In this technical solution, the satellite's ECEF coordinate position and velocity can be obtained according to the following process:

[0057] Step 1: Based on various data from the ephemeris (e.g., initial mean angle), Mean angular velocity Current time Reference time (etc.), calculate the instantaneous value of the mean anterior angle. ;

[0058] Step 2: Solve for the approximate angle using Newton's iteration method. This iterative process is automatically determined by the host module and does not require manual intervention;

[0059] Step 3: Based on the orbital parameters and iterative solution quantities, for example: and Calculate the true anomaly angle in the satellite's orbital plane. ;

[0060] Step 4: Using satellite orbital parameters and orbital plane position measurements, such as orbital radius. , , , and perigee argument Calculate the rectangular coordinates of the satellite in its orbital plane. Coordinates in the orbital plane ;

[0061] Step 5: Through Orbital spatial attitude parameters with ephemeris (e.g., right ascension of ascending node) Track inclination (etc.), converting orbital plane coordinates to satellite ECEF coordinates. ;

[0062] Step 6: Calculate the orbital mechanics formulas using relevant parameters and physical constants derived from the satellite orbit, for example: , , , Earth's gravitational constant and the angle within the orbital plane Wait, calculate the satellite's instantaneous velocity. .

[0063] The dynamic positional distance between the terminal and the satellite is obtained using a three-dimensional spatial distance calculation method. Three-dimensional spatial distance calculation methods include Euclidean distance, square distance, Manhattan distance, Chebyshev distance, normalized Euclidean distance, spherical distance, etc.

[0064] S6. The low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellite communication module controls the on / off state of data acquisition and transmission based on the judgment result through the LEO satellite communication antenna:

[0065] If the distance between the terminal and the satellite > Distance threshold This indicates that the low-Earth orbit satellite constellation system does not include satellites within the signal coverage area that can achieve network access. The low-Earth orbit satellite communication module performs a shutdown operation and interrupts data acquisition transmission to reduce the overall power consumption of the data acquisition satellite communication terminal.

[0066] If the distance between the terminal and the satellite ≤ Distance threshold This indicates the distance at which the moving satellite enters the data acquisition satellite communication terminal's network. It provides satellite signals to this area and offers satellite signal access services to various ground or low-altitude terminals in this area. The low-orbit satellite communication module performs a power-on operation and initiates the low-orbit satellite network access process, automatically selecting the currently passing low-orbit satellite for network access. After successful access, an indicator light illuminates on the terminal, prompting the user that the function of transmitting data via satellite channels is ready and that data acquisition and low-orbit satellite data transmission services can be performed.

[0067] S7. The low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellite communication antenna transmits the collected data to the LEO satellite constellation system via a wireless link. The LEO satellite constellation system then forwards the received data to the data acquisition satellite terminal data platform, which consists of a terrestrial 4G / 5G communication network and a data application center. Finally, the data application center aggregates and processes the received data. To enable this data transmission via satellite, the data acquisition satellite communication terminal needs to deploy an MQTT client, and the data acquisition satellite terminal data platform needs to deploy a server-side MQTT Broker.

Claims

1. A dual-mode data acquisition satellite communication terminal system, characterized in that, The system includes: a power supply module for powering the terminal, a host module for executing instructions and storing data, various data acquisition sensors and GNSS modules connected to the host module via different serial ports, and a communication module connected to the host module via a bus. The host module receives terminal GNSS location information sent by the GNSS module via a serial port and receives low-orbit satellite ephemeris data sent by the communication module via a bus. It is used to calculate the position distance between the terminal and the satellite and compare it with a preset distance threshold. The comparison result is sent to the low-orbit satellite communication module of the communication module via the bus. Various data acquisition sensors are used to collect external data and send it to the host module, providing a data source for subsequent data transmission. The GNSS module is connected to the GNSS antenna via an interface and is used to obtain the terminal's GNSS location information; The communication module includes: a 4 / 5G communication module, a 4 / 5G communication antenna, a low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellite communication module, and an LEO satellite communication antenna. The 4 / 5G communication module is connected to the 4 / 5G communication antenna via an interface and is used to acquire LEO satellite ephemeris data and transmit the acquired data to the terrestrial 4 / 5G communication network. The LEO satellite communication module is connected to the LEO satellite communication antenna via an interface and is used to dynamically enable and disable the LEO satellite communication module based on comparison results, thereby controlling the connection and disconnection of the terminal's acquired data being forwarded to the data acquisition satellite terminal data center through the LEO satellite constellation system.

2. The dual-mode data acquisition satellite communication terminal system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The 4 / 5G communication module transmits the collected data to the terrestrial 4 / 5G communication network via a wireless link through a 4 / 5G communication antenna.

3. The dual-mode data acquisition satellite communication terminal system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The host module converts the terminal's GNSS location information into the terminal's ECEF coordinates.

4. The dual-mode data acquisition satellite communication terminal system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The 4 / 5G communication module obtains the current low-orbit satellite ephemeris data by periodically and remotely interacting with the ephemeris server through the 4 / 5G communication antenna.

5. The dual-mode data acquisition satellite communication terminal system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The host module receives the low-orbit satellite ephemeris data and substitutes it into the orbital model formula set to obtain the satellite's ECEF coordinate position and velocity.

6. The dual-mode data acquisition satellite communication terminal system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The host module uses a three-dimensional spatial distance calculation method to calculate the positional distance between the terminal and the satellite based on the ECEF coordinates of the terminal and the satellite.

7. The dual-mode data acquisition satellite communication terminal system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distance threshold is dynamically adjusted based on the satellite's orbital parameters, elevation angle, and number of beams. When the distance between the terminal and the satellite is greater than the distance threshold, the low-Earth orbit satellite communication module performs a power-off operation, and the data acquisition and transmission are interrupted. If the distance between the terminal and the satellite is less than or equal to the distance threshold, the low-Earth orbit satellite communication module performs a power-on operation and transmits the acquired data to the low-Earth orbit satellite constellation system via a wireless link through the low-Earth orbit satellite communication antenna for directional forwarding.

8. The dual-mode data acquisition satellite communication terminal system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The aforementioned low-Earth orbit satellite constellation system includes satellites within signal coverage that can achieve network connectivity, used to forward collected data to the data collection satellite terminal data center.

9. A dual-mode data acquisition satellite communication terminal system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The data acquisition satellite terminal data center consists of a terrestrial 4 / 5G communication network and a data application center, which aggregates and processes the received data.

10. A dual-mode data acquisition satellite communication method, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Power supply is provided to each module of the dual-mode data acquisition satellite communication terminal through the power supply module; S2. Various data acquisition sensors are connected to the host module via serial ports to perform terminal data acquisition operations and provide data sources for subsequent data transmission. The S3 and 4 / 5G communication modules, together with the 4 / 5G communication antenna, transmit data to the terrestrial 4 / 5G communication network via a wireless link. At the same time, the 4 / 5G communication module acquires low-orbit satellite ephemeris data through the 4 / 5G communication antenna, and sends the low-orbit satellite ephemeris data to the host module through the bus. S4. Obtain the terminal's GNSS location information through the GNSS module and GNSS antenna, and send the terminal's GNSS location information to the host module through the serial port; S5. The host module converts the terminal's GNSS position information into the terminal's ECEF coordinate position, substitutes the received low-orbit satellite ephemeris data into the orbit model formula group to calculate the satellite's ECEF coordinate position and velocity, uses a three-dimensional spatial distance calculation method to obtain the position distance between the terminal and the satellite, judges it against a distance threshold to obtain a judgment result, and sends the judgment result to the low-orbit satellite communication module through the bus. S6. The low-Earth orbit satellite communication module controls the on / off state of data acquisition and transmission based on the aforementioned determination result via the low-Earth orbit satellite communication antenna: If the distance between the terminal and the satellite exceeds the distance threshold, the low-Earth orbit satellite communication module will shut down and interrupt data acquisition and transmission. If the distance between the terminal and the satellite is less than or equal to the distance threshold, the low-Earth orbit satellite communication module will perform a power-on operation and transmit the collected data to the low-Earth orbit satellite constellation system via a wireless link through the low-Earth orbit satellite communication antenna to wait for the next step of forwarding. S7. Through a wireless link, the low-Earth orbit satellite constellation system forwards the received data to the data acquisition satellite terminal data center for aggregation and processing.

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