An ultra-wideband directional jammer and directional jamming method

Abstract

The application discloses an ultra-wideband directional jammer and a directional jamming method, and relates to the technical field of wireless communication.The system comprises a signal control module, a power amplifier module group, a directional antenna group and a power conversion module.The signal control module is used for generating a wideband radio frequency jamming signal of a target frequency band based on an external instruction and a jamming strategy, and outputting a control instruction.The power amplifier module group is connected with the signal control module, and is used for power amplifying the wideband radio frequency jamming signal to generate a high-power radio frequency signal.The directional antenna group is connected with the power amplifier module group, and is used for radiating the high-power radio frequency signal to a target airspace in the form of a directional beam.The turntable is connected with the signal control module, and is used for driving the directional antenna group to radiate the high-power radio frequency signal to the target airspace in a directional manner in response to the control instruction.The power conversion module is used for providing a power signal for the ultra-wideband directional jammer.The application aims to solve the technical problem that the existing unmanned aerial vehicle jamming scheme has low anti-jamming efficiency due to unreasonable antenna arrangement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of wireless communication technology, and in particular to an ultra-wideband directional jammer and a directional jamming method. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of drone countermeasures, existing technologies typically use high-power radio frequency interference signals to block the communication link between the drone and the operator, causing the drone to lose control or positioning capabilities, thereby driving the drone away or forcing it to land.

[0003] However, existing jamming schemes mostly use omnidirectional antennas or fixed-point directional antennas, which results in dispersed jamming signal energy, limited effective countermeasure distance, and easy interference to legitimate communication equipment in non-target airspace. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main objective of this application is to provide an ultra-wideband directional jammer and a directional jamming method. This application aims to solve the technical problem that existing UAV jamming schemes have low efficiency in countering UAVs due to unreasonable antenna settings.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides an ultra-wideband directional jammer for interfering with unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in a target airspace. The ultra-wideband directional jammer includes a signal control module, a power amplifier module group, a directional antenna group, a power conversion module, and a turntable. The signal control module generates a broadband radio frequency (RF) jamming signal in the target frequency band based on external commands and jamming strategies, and outputs control commands. The power amplifier module group is electrically connected to the signal control module and amplifies the received broadband RF jamming signal to generate a high-power RF signal. The directional antenna group is electrically connected to the power amplifier module group and radiates the high-power RF signal into the target airspace in the form of a directional beam. The turntable is electrically connected to both the signal control module and the directional antenna group, and drives the directional antenna group to directionally radiate the high-power RF signal into the target airspace in response to the control commands output by the signal control module. The power conversion module is connected to an external power supply and converts the external power signal, providing the converted power signal to the signal control module, the power amplifier module group, and the turntable.

[0006] Optionally, the ultra-wideband directional jammer further includes: a jamming effect monitoring unit, used to acquire jamming effect information against the UAV; the jamming effect monitoring unit is connected to the turntable and used to receive jamming effect information against the UAV; the signal control module is also used to adjust the control commands according to the jamming effect information and the jamming strategy.

[0007] Optionally, the signal control module includes: a digital unit and a radio frequency channel unit; the digital unit is used to generate an analog baseband signal based on external instructions and interference strategies; the radio frequency channel unit is connected to the digital unit and includes multiple independent interference links, used to convert the analog baseband signal into a broadband radio frequency interference signal of the target frequency band based on the interference links, wherein the bandwidth of the broadband radio frequency interference signal of the target frequency band is ≥3GHz.

[0008] Optionally, the interference link includes a frequency-band interference link and a full-coverage frequency band interference link, and the interference strategy is a graded interference strategy; the graded interference strategy includes: according to the preset interference requirements, controlling the radio frequency channel unit to start the frequency-band interference link, and then, based on the interference effect information obtained by the interference effect monitoring unit, if the frequency-band interference link does not achieve the preset interference effect, controlling the radio frequency channel unit to simultaneously start the frequency-band interference link and the full-coverage frequency band interference link.

[0009] Optionally, the power amplifier module group includes: multiple power amplifier modules; the input terminal of each power amplifier module is connected to the output terminal of the corresponding interference link in the signal control module, and the output terminal is connected to the corresponding antenna in the directional antenna group; each power amplifier module is used to amplify the power of the broadband radio frequency interference signal in the corresponding frequency band.

[0010] Optionally, the directional antenna array includes: a log-periodic antenna and a frequency-division directional antenna; the log-periodic antenna is connected to the full-coverage frequency band interference link through the power amplifier module and is used to radiate broadband radio frequency signals; the frequency-division directional antenna is connected to the frequency-division interference link through the power amplifier module and is used to radiate directional interference signals targeting the communication frequency band of the UAV.

[0011] Optionally, the turntable includes: a rotation mechanism, a pitch mechanism, and a comprehensive interface; the rotation mechanism is used to drive the turntable to rotate horizontally by 360°; the pitch mechanism is disposed on the rotation mechanism and is used to drive the turntable to adjust the pitch angle; the comprehensive interface is disposed on the fixed part of the turntable and is used to connect control cables and external power cables, the signal control module is connected to the turntable through the control cables, and the power conversion module is connected to the external power supply through the cables.

[0012] Optionally, the power conversion module includes: an AC-DC converter and a multi-channel power distribution circuit; the input terminal of the AC-DC converter is connected to an external AC power source through the turntable, and the AC-DC converter is used to convert the external AC power source into DC power; the multi-channel power distribution circuit is connected to the output terminal of the AC-DC converter and is used to distribute the DC power to the turntable, the signal control module, and the power amplifier module group.

[0013] Optionally, the total output power of the power conversion module is not less than 2000W.

[0014] Furthermore, to achieve the above objectives, this application also provides a directional jamming method, which utilizes the aforementioned ultra-wideband directional jammer, comprising: generating a broadband radio frequency jamming signal in the target frequency band based on external commands and jamming strategies, and outputting control commands; amplifying the broadband radio frequency jamming signal to generate a high-power radio frequency signal; converting the high-power radio frequency signal into a directional beam; and radiating the high-power radio frequency signal into the target airspace in the form of a directional beam in response to the control commands.

[0015] This application proposes an ultra-wideband directional jammer and directional jamming method, which uses a turntable to drive a directional antenna array to achieve continuous tracking of UAVs entering the target airspace. It radiates high-power radio frequency signals into the target airspace in the form of a directional beam, effectively improving the effective radiation power and range in the direction of the UAV, and solving the problem of limited countermeasure range caused by energy dispersion of traditional omnidirectional antennas. In addition, since the radiation intensity is reduced outside the beam direction, this application also avoids interference with legitimate communication equipment in non-target airspace. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of an ultra-wideband directional jammer provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a structural block diagram of the signal control module provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 A connection diagram of the signal control module, power amplifier module group, and directional antenna group provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the interference links in the 0.3GHz-1GHz, 1GHz-3GHz, and 1.2GHz & 1.5GHz channels of the transmitting section; Figure 5 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the 3GHz-6GHz interference link in the transmitting section; Figure 6 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the 0.4GHz & 0.8GHz and 2.4GHz interference links in the transmitting section; Figure 7 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the 5.2GHz & 5.8GHz interference links in the transmitting section; Figure 8 for Figure 3A schematic diagram of the 0.4GHz & 0.8GHz, 2.4GHz, and 5.2GHz & 5.8GHz interference links in the receiving section; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the power amplifier module provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna layout within a directional antenna array provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 11 This is a flowchart illustrating the interference process of an ultra-wideband directional jammer provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 12 A flowchart of a directional interference method provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0017] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of this application will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0018] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of this application and are not intended to limit this application.

[0019] In the field of drone countermeasures, existing technologies typically use high-power radio frequency interference signals to block the communication link between the drone and the operator, causing the drone to lose control or positioning capabilities, thereby driving the drone away or forcing it to land.

[0020] However, existing jamming schemes mostly use omnidirectional antennas or fixed-point directional antennas, which results in dispersed jamming signal energy, limited effective countermeasure distance, and easy interference to legitimate communication equipment in non-target airspace.

[0021] In addition, existing jamming methods have limited frequency band coverage and narrow bandwidth, making it difficult to effectively deal with drones that use anti-jamming technologies such as frequency hopping, meaning that the drone can avoid interference by switching its operating frequency band.

[0022] To address the aforementioned problems, this application provides an ultra-wideband directional jammer and a directional jamming method, which will be described in detail below.

[0023] Figure 1 The following is a structural block diagram of an ultra-wideband directional jammer provided in an embodiment of this application. For example, the ultra-wideband directional jammer 100 includes: a signal control module 110, a power amplifier module group 120, a directional antenna group 130, a power conversion module 140, and a turntable 150.

[0024] The signal control module 110 generates a broadband radio frequency interference signal for the target frequency band based on external commands and interference strategies, and outputs control commands. The power amplifier module group 120 is electrically connected to the signal control module 110 and receives the broadband radio frequency interference signal and amplifies it to generate a high-power radio frequency signal. The directional antenna group 130 is electrically connected to the power amplifier module group 120 and radiates the high-power radio frequency signal into the target airspace in the form of a directional beam. The turntable 150 is electrically connected to both the signal control module 110 and the directional antenna group 130. By responding to the control commands output by the signal control module 110, it drives the directional antenna group 130 to directionally radiate the high-power radio frequency signal into the target airspace. The power conversion module 140 is connected to an external power supply and converts the external power signal, providing the converted power signal to the signal control module 110, the power amplifier module group 120, and the turntable 150 (i.e., providing the operating voltage for the ultra-wideband directional jammer).

[0025] The signal control module 110, power amplifier module group 120, directional antenna group 130 and power conversion module 140 can be installed on the turntable 150.

[0026] In the specific implementation process, when the ultra-wideband directional jammer of this embodiment detects the location information of a UAV entering the target airspace, the signal control module 110 first generates control commands based on the external instructions set by the implementer and the preset jamming strategy. Subsequently, the control commands are sent to the turntable 150, driving the turntable 150 to rotate and pitch, causing the directional antenna group 130 mounted on the turntable 150 to emit high-power radio frequency signals to the target airspace. At the same time, the signal control module 110 generates a wideband radio frequency jamming signal targeting the UAV's target frequency band based on the jamming strategy. This wideband radio frequency jamming signal is amplified by the power amplifier module group 120 and radiated to the target airspace where the UAV is located through the directional antenna group 130.

[0027] Understandably, the omnidirectional antennas used in traditional directional jammers radiate energy uniformly to the surrounding space, resulting in limited power density of the signal reaching the target direction and a short effective countermeasure range. While the fixed-pointing directional antennas used in traditional directional jammers can improve gain in a specific direction, they cannot track dynamic UAV targets. In this embodiment, the directional antenna group 130 has high gain and narrow beam characteristics, enabling it to radiate most of the transmitted energy towards the target airspace where the UAV is located. The directional antenna group 130 is also mounted on a turntable 150, which can drive the antenna beam to continuously and accurately aim at the fast-moving UAV according to control commands, thereby jamming the UAV's signal.

[0028] This application proposes an ultra-wideband directional jammer that uses a turntable to drive a directional antenna array to continuously track unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) entering the target airspace. It radiates high-power radio frequency signals into the target airspace in the form of a directional beam, effectively increasing the effective radiation power and range in the direction of the UAV. This solves the problem of limited countermeasure range caused by energy dispersion in traditional omnidirectional antennas. Furthermore, because the radiation intensity is reduced outside the beam direction, this application also avoids interference with legitimate communication equipment outside the target airspace.

[0029] In one embodiment, the ultra-wideband directional jammer further includes a jamming effect monitoring unit, which is used to acquire jamming effect information against the UAV. The jamming effect monitoring unit can be electrically connected to the turntable to receive jamming effect information against the UAV. The signal control module is also used to adjust control commands according to the jamming effect information and jamming strategy.

[0030] The interference effect monitoring unit may include one or more combinations of photoelectric sensors, radar processors, or spectrum monitors, and the interference effect information may include changes in the UAV's flight status, trajectory, speed, altitude, and the signal strength of the communication link.

[0031] For example, photoelectric sensors can determine the flight status and trajectory changes of a drone by continuously acquiring and processing images. A radar processor can be used to analyze radar signals reflected by the target drone to determine changes in its speed and altitude. A spectrum monitor determines the signal strength of the drone's communication link by continuously scanning a preset frequency band.

[0032] Furthermore, the real-time acquired interference effect information is compared with the preset interference strategy judgment conditions. If, after the frequency-band interference is initiated, the monitored interference effect information indicates that the UAV's communication link signal persists and the UAV's trajectory remains unchanged, it is determined that the current interference has not achieved the expected effect. Based on this judgment, the signal control module will adjust the control commands, adjust the interference mode, or adjust the turntable direction to re-interfere the target.

[0033] In one embodiment, the signal control module may include an electrically connected digital unit and a radio frequency channel unit, wherein the digital unit is used to generate an analog baseband signal based on external instructions and interference strategies; the radio frequency channel unit includes multiple independent interference links for converting the analog baseband signal into a broadband radio frequency interference signal in a target frequency band, wherein the bandwidth of the broadband radio frequency interference signal in the target frequency band is ≥3GHz.

[0034] The interference links are divided into frequency-band interference links and full-coverage frequency band interference links. The interference strategy adopts a hierarchical interference strategy, which may include: according to the preset interference requirements, controlling the radio frequency channel unit to start the frequency-band interference link, and then, based on the interference effect information obtained by the interference effect monitoring unit, if the frequency-band interference link does not achieve the preset interference effect, controlling the radio frequency channel unit to start both the frequency-band interference link and the full-coverage frequency band interference link simultaneously.

[0035] The preset interference requirements are pre-configured based on target airspace control requirements and electromagnetic environment limitations, or interference triggering conditions issued by external control terminal commands. These include the target airspace range, the core interference frequency band of the UAV, and electromagnetic compatibility requirements, and serve as the basis for prioritizing the initiation of frequency-band interference.

[0036] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 2 The structural block diagram of the signal control module in this embodiment is shown, as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the digital unit includes multiple high-speed digital-to-analog converters (DACs), analog-to-digital converters (ADCs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), baluns, memory modules (EEPROM, FLASH), and external interfaces. The FPGA receives external commands and runs internally stored interference strategies to generate corresponding digital baseband signals. The DACs convert the digital baseband signals into analog baseband signals, and the instantaneous bandwidth of the analog baseband signals is not less than 3GHz. The analog baseband signals can be signals from multiple frequency bands. In this embodiment, the digital unit can generate a broadband (modulated, swept, etc.) signal of at least 3GHz through an FPGA+DAC approach.

[0037] The ADC is used to acquire analog signals fed back from the RF channel unit and convert them into digital signals for FPGA data processing and closed-loop control. Baluns convert differential signals to single-ended signals, completing impedance matching and transmission of analog signals. Each Balun can independently output one intermediate frequency (IF) signal to the RF channel unit. EEPROM and FLASH are used to store FPGA configuration data, interference strategy parameters, and operation logs. The external interface is responsible for exchanging commands, data, and power (including 28V power input) with the host computer or other modules.

[0038] It should be noted that the digital unit can be used to perform the conversion between intermediate frequency signals and baseband signals, baseband signal acquisition, digital baseband signal generation and transmission, broadband baseband signal transmission, data storage and backup, communication with external systems through external interfaces, and power conversion and distribution.

[0039] Furthermore, the radio frequency channel unit may include a transmitting section and a receiving section. The transmitting section may include eight independent interference links, which can be further divided into frequency-band interference links and full-coverage frequency-band interference links. The frequency-band interference links include interference links targeting the following frequency bands: 0.4GHz & 0.8GHz (i.e., 0.4G & 0.8G in the attached diagram), 1.2GHz & 1.5GHz (i.e., 1.2G & 1.5G in the attached diagram), 2.4GHz (i.e., 2.4G in the attached diagram), and 5.2GHz & 5.8GHz (i.e., 5.2G & 5.8G in the attached diagram). The full-coverage frequency-band interference links include interference links targeting the following frequency bands: 0.03GHz-0.3GHz (i.e., 0.03-0.3G in the attached diagram), 0.3GHz-1GHz (i.e., 0.3-1G in the attached diagram), 1GHz-3GHz (i.e., 1-3G in the attached diagram), and 3GHz-6GHz (i.e., 3-6G in the attached diagram). The receiving section can include three independent interference links, corresponding to three frequency bands: 0.4GHz & 0.8GHz, 2.4GHz, and 5.2GHz & 5.8GHz. These three frequency bands employ similar receiving links, where the RF signal passes through a filter, limiter, amplifier, and digitally controlled attenuator, is then frequency-converted to an intermediate frequency (IF) signal by a mixer, and further passes through a filter and amplifier before reaching the ADC and ultimately the FPGA. For a detailed description of these interference links, please refer to [link to relevant documentation / reference]. Figures 3 to 8 .

[0040] The FPGA can interact with the DAC, ADC and RF channel units through control signals such as SPI and RESETn, and at the same time configure parameters and monitor the status of each interference link of the RF channel unit through control buses such as SPI.

[0041] In one embodiment, the power amplifier module group may include multiple power amplifier modules. The input terminal of each power amplifier module is connected to the output terminal of the corresponding interference link in the signal control module, and the output terminal is connected to the corresponding antenna in the directional antenna group. Each power amplifier module is used to amplify the power of the broadband radio frequency interference signal of the corresponding frequency band output by the signal control module.

[0042] In one embodiment, the directional antenna array may include a log-periodic antenna and a frequency-division directional antenna. The log-periodic antenna is connected to a full-coverage frequency band interference link via a power amplifier module and is used to radiate broadband radio frequency signals. The frequency-division directional antenna is connected to a frequency-division interference link via a power amplifier module and is used to radiate directional interference signals targeting the communication frequency band of the UAV.

[0043] Please see Figure 3 , Figure 3 A connection diagram of a signal control module, a power amplifier module group, and a directional antenna group is shown. Figure 3As shown, each interference link is connected to its corresponding antenna through a corresponding power amplifier module.

[0044] Each power amplifier module provides a specific output power according to its corresponding frequency band. For example, the output power of the 2.4GHz band power amplifier module is 150W, and the output power of the 3-6GHz band power amplifier module is 100W. The output frequency of each power amplifier module can be shown in Table 1 below.

[0045] Table 1 Output Frequency Table of Each Power Amplifier Module

[0046] It should be noted that the power amplifier module in this embodiment adopts the Doherty power amplifier architecture and combines it with digital predistortion (DPD) linearization technology. The Doherty structure and digital predistortion technology can suppress out-of-band harmonics and spurious emissions generated during power amplification, confining the energy of the output signal within the target interference frequency band, thereby reducing the interference of the jammer to legitimate communication equipment outside the operating frequency band and effectively improving the overall electromagnetic compatibility performance of the jammer.

[0047] In this embodiment, the log-periodic antenna is a broadband antenna with an operating frequency band covering 0.3GHz-1GHz, 1-3GHz, and 3-6GHz. The log-periodic antenna is connected to the power amplifier module corresponding to the full-coverage frequency band in the power amplifier module group to radiate broadband interference signals. The frequency-division directional antenna uses a high-gain Yagi antenna or a circularly polarized antenna, each antenna being optimized for a specific frequency band (e.g., the 2.4GHz band). The frequency-division directional antenna is connected to the power amplifier module corresponding to the frequency band in the power amplifier module group to generate a high-gain directional beam in the specific frequency band.

[0048] It should be noted that a rational antenna layout is needed within the directional antenna array in order to keep the jammer small without affecting the performance of each antenna.

[0049] Below, in conjunction with Figures 4 to 8 right Figure 3 Each link shown is described in detail.

[0050] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the interference links in the 0.3GHz-1GHz, 1GHz-3GHz, and 1.2GHz & 1.5GHz channels of the transmitting section, as shown below. Figure 4 As shown, each of the above interference links includes at least a high-pass filter (HPF), a digitally controlled attenuator, an amplifier, a low-pass filter (LPF), and a fixed attenuator connected in sequence. After performing high-pass filtering, digital attenuation, amplification, low-pass filtering, and fixed attenuation on the signal output by the digital unit in sequence, it is converted into a broadband radio frequency interference signal of the corresponding frequency band and output to the corresponding power amplifier module through the connector.

[0051] Similarly, the 0.03 GHz - 0.3 GHz channel interference link in the transmitting section can at least include a low-pass filter (LPF), a digitally controlled attenuator, an amplifier, a low-pass filter (LPF) and a fixed attenuator connected in sequence. After performing low-pass filtering, digital attenuation, amplification, low-pass filtering and fixed attenuation processing on the signal output by the digital unit in sequence, it is converted into a broadband radio frequency interference signal of the corresponding frequency band and output to the corresponding power amplifier module through the connector.

[0052] Figure 5 for Figure 3 The schematic diagram of the 3GHz-6GHz interference link in the transmitting section shows that the interference link includes a low-pass filter (LPF), a digitally controlled attenuator, a mixer, a high-pass filter (HPF), an amplifier, a low-pass filter (LPF), and a fixed attenuator connected in sequence. After performing low-pass filtering, digital attenuation, mixing, high-pass filtering, amplification, low-pass filtering, and fixed attenuation on the signal output from the digital unit, it is converted into a broadband radio frequency interference signal of the corresponding frequency band and output to the corresponding power amplifier module through a connector.

[0053] Figure 6 for Figure 3 The schematic diagram of the 0.4GHz & 0.8GHz and 2.4GHz interference links in the transmitting section shows that the interference links include a high-pass filter (HPF), a digitally controlled attenuator, an amplifier, a low-pass filter (LPF), a selection switch, and a fixed attenuator connected in sequence. After performing high-pass filtering, digital attenuation, amplification, low-pass filtering, selection, and fixed attenuation processing on the signal output from the digital unit, it is converted into a broadband radio frequency interference signal of the corresponding frequency band and output to the corresponding power amplifier module through the connector.

[0054] Figure 7 for Figure 3 The schematic diagram of the 5.2GHz & 5.8GHz interference link in the transmitting section shows that the interference link includes a high-pass filter (HPF), a digitally controlled attenuator, a mixer, a high-pass filter (HPF), an amplifier, a low-pass filter (LPF), a selection switch, and a fixed attenuator connected in sequence. After sequentially performing high-pass filtering, digital attenuation, mixing, high-pass filtering, amplification, low-pass filtering, selection, and fixed attenuation processing on the signal output from the digital unit, it is converted into a broadband radio frequency interference signal of the corresponding frequency band and output to the corresponding power amplifier module through the connector.

[0055] Specifically, for the three frequency band interference bands of 0.4GHz & 0.8GHz, 2.4GHz, and 5.2GHz & 5.8GHz, three receiving links are added respectively. For the signals from external drones that enter the control signal module after passing through the antenna and high-power switch, the signals from the corresponding frequency band interference band transmission links are used as the local oscillator signals. A single frequency conversion design is adopted to convert the radio frequency signals into intermediate frequency signals. After amplification and filtering, the signals are sent to the ADC and even the FPGA to complete the signal reception, parsing and extracting signal modulation parameters, etc.

[0056] Figure 8 for Figure 3 The schematic diagram of the 0.4GHz & 0.8GHz, 2.4GHz, 5.2GHz & 5.8GHz interference links in the receiving section is shown. The interference links include a low-pass filter (LPF), a limiter, a two-stage amplifier, a low-pass filter (LPF), a digitally controlled attenuator, a mixer, a high-pass filter (HPF), an amplifier, a digitally controlled attenuator, a low-pass filter (LPF), an amplifier, a band-pass filter (BFF), and an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) connected in sequence. This allows the RF signal to pass through the filter, limiter, amplifier, and digitally controlled attenuator, then be frequency-converted to an intermediate frequency signal by the mixer, and then pass through the filter and amplifier again before reaching the ADC and even the FPGA.

[0057] It should be noted that the signals from the three transmit links of 0.4GHz & 0.8GHz, 2.4GHz, and 5.2GHz & 5.8GHz are selected by the selector switch. One signal goes to the power amplifier module group and is output through the antenna, while the other signal serves as the local oscillator signal for the mixer of the corresponding receive link. Furthermore, each receive link adopts a single-conversion design to achieve frequency conversion, so that each corresponding receive link no longer needs a separate phase-locked loop to provide the local oscillator. This simplifies the receive link design, reduces the use of discrete components, reduces the overall size of the device, and lowers the cost.

[0058] It should be noted that this embodiment uses an FPGA-controlled broadband DAC, which can directly output signals below 3GHz; for signals above 3GHz, frequency conversion is achieved through a single frequency conversion design, with a maximum frequency of 6GHz, thus achieving full coverage of the jammer's frequency band from 30MHz to 6GHz, and the bandwidth can reach 3GHz. Compared with solutions such as FPGA+DAC+IQ modulator, this embodiment is simpler in design and uses fewer components, which can effectively reduce the size and cost of the jammer's signal generation part.

[0059] In this application, the power amplifier module group amplifies the interference signals from each frequency band output by the signal control module and ultimately sends them to the directional antenna group. Simultaneously, each power amplifier module can employ filtering, linear amplification, a Doherty harmonic suppression topology for high-power amplifiers, predistortion, and other methods to effectively suppress harmonics and spurious signals generated by the power amplifier module, reducing the interference caused by the jammer to surrounding legitimate communication equipment. Furthermore, this jammer can also provide modulation interference. Since it provides modulation interference, it can receive UAV signals in the sub-band interference bands (excluding the 1.2GHz & 1.5GHz bands). Therefore, the power amplifier module group corresponding to the sub-band interference bands includes the corresponding power amplifier module and power switch. During transmission, the RF signal from the control signal module passes through the corresponding power amplifier module, then through the switch to the antenna for transmission. When receiving UAV signals, the external RF signal is selected by the antenna and switch to the receiving system of the control signal module, then sent to the ADC for signal processing in the digital unit.

[0060] Taking the 5.2GHz & 5.8GHz power amplifier modules as an example, such as Figure 9 As shown, the input terminals of the 5.2GHz & 5.8GHz power amplifier modules can be connected to the signal control module, for example, to the output terminal of the corresponding interference link in the signal control module, and the output terminal can be output through a high-power switch.

[0061] It should be noted that the ultra-wideband directional jammer provided in this embodiment divides the jamming frequency band into a full-coverage jamming band and a frequency-segmented jamming band. The full-coverage jamming band can be divided into four bands: 0.03GHz-0.3GHz, 0.3GHz-1GHz, 1GHz-3GHz, and 3GHz-6GHz. The frequency-segmented jamming bands can be divided into 0.4GHz & 0.8GHz, 1.2GHz & 1.5GHz, 2.4GHz, and 5.2GHz & 5.8GHz. Among them, the 0.03GHz-0.3GHz band in the full-coverage jamming band is the selected band, and the antenna corresponding to this band is placed outside the jammer, that is, placed separately. The 0.4GHz & 0.8GHz bands in the frequency-segmented jamming bands are possible hidden bands. It should be understood that the frequency bands of conventional commercial drones are usually 2.4GHz, 5.2GHz, and 5.8GHz. If some drones use other frequency bands besides these three bands, such as the 0.8GHz band for communication, they can avoid being jammed. Therefore, these frequency bands can be called possible hidden bands. The ultra-wideband directional jammer provided in this embodiment reduces the number of independent radio frequency channels in traditional directional jammers by merging similar frequency bands and using the same antenna for similar frequency bands, thereby effectively reducing the size and weight of the jammer.

[0062] Please see Figure 10 , Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the antenna layout within a directional antenna array is shown, such as... Figure 10 As shown, the directional antenna array includes a rectangular mounting base and several antenna elements mounted on the mounting base. A long, strip-shaped 0.3GHz-1GHz antenna (i.e., the 0.3-1GHz antenna in the attached diagram) forms one boundary. The remaining antennas are arranged horizontally in two rows. The first row (upper row), starting from the side closest to the 0.3GHz-1GHz antenna, consists of a 3GHz-6GHz antenna (i.e., the 3-6GHz antenna in the attached diagram), a 1GHz-3GHz antenna (i.e., the 1-3GHz antenna in the attached diagram), a 2.4GHz antenna (i.e., the 2.4GHz antenna in the attached diagram), and 5.2GHz & 5.8GHz antennas (i.e., the 5.2GHz & 5.8GHz antennas in the attached diagram), i.e., 3GHz-6GHz... The antennas are located to the right of the 0.3GHz-1GHz antenna, the 1GHz-3GHz antenna to the right of the 3GHz-6GHz antenna, the 2.4GHz antenna to the right of the 1GHz-3GHz antenna, and the 5.2GHz & 5.8GHz antennas to the right of the 2.4GHz antenna. The second row (bottom row) consists of the 0.4GHz & 0.8GHz antennas (i.e., the 0.4G & 0.8G antennas in the attached diagram) and the 1.2GHz & 1.5GHz antennas (i.e., the 1.2G & 1.5G antennas in the attached diagram), starting from the side closest to the 0.3GHz-1GHz antenna.

[0063] It is understood that in the antenna layout diagram of this embodiment, a low-frequency long-size antenna is placed on the left edge of the mounting base plate, and the remaining space is divided into upper and lower layers for placing disc antennas. The smaller disc antennas (3GHz-6GHz, 1GHz-3GHz and 5.2GHz & 5.8GHz) are placed in the gaps of the upper layer, while the larger disc antennas (0.4GHz & 0.8GHz, 2.4GHz and 1.2GHz & 1.5GHz) are distributed in an equilateral triangle and occupy the middle position of the upper layer and the lower layer position, thereby maximizing the use of the mounting plate area and reducing mutual interference between antennas.

[0064] It should be noted that this embodiment uses... Figure 10 The layout shown integrates multiple antennas of different types onto the same device platform. Log-periodic antennas can provide wideband coverage, while Yagi antennas or circularly polarized antennas can provide higher gain in specific frequency bands. In addition, directional antennas can concentrate radiated energy in the direction of the target, achieving a greater effective interference distance than omnidirectional antennas at the same transmit power, and can reduce the radiation intensity in non-target directions.

[0065] In one embodiment, the turntable may include a rotation mechanism, a pitch mechanism, and a comprehensive interface; the rotation mechanism is used to drive the turntable to rotate horizontally by 360°; the pitch mechanism is disposed on the rotation mechanism and is used to drive the turntable to adjust the pitch angle; the comprehensive interface is disposed on the fixed part of the turntable and is used to connect control cables and external power cables, thereby, the signal control module can be connected to the turntable through the control cables, and the power conversion module can be connected to the external power supply through the cables.

[0066] The rotating mechanism can be composed of a servo motor driving a rotary bearing, enabling continuous rotation in the horizontal plane from 0° to 360°, with a maximum horizontal rotation speed of no less than 30° / second and a maximum pitch rotation speed of no less than 30° / second. The pitch mechanism is connected to the moving part of the rotating mechanism through a transmission assembly, driving the turntable body to perform pitch motion in the vertical plane, with a pitch angle between -20° and +80°.

[0067] The integrated interface, located on the fixed base of the turntable, integrates power and signal connectors. External 220V AC power cables and control cables can be connected to the jammer through the integrated interface, thereby transmitting power to the power conversion module and signal control module on the rotating platform of the turntable, ensuring the continuity of power supply and communication for the jammer during continuous rotation.

[0068] Specifically, the specific performance requirements for the turntable are shown in Table 2 below.

[0069] Table 2 Turntable Specifications

[0070] It should be noted that the turntable design in this embodiment enables the fixed directional antenna to have full airspace coverage capability. By executing the azimuth and elevation commands issued by the signal control module, the turntable can drive the antenna beam to point at the UAV target, thereby overcoming the disadvantage of the limited field of view of the fixed directional antenna.

[0071] In one embodiment, the power conversion module may include an AC-DC converter and a multiplexer circuit; the input of the AC-DC converter is connected to an external 220V AC power supply through the turntable's integrated interface, and the AC-DC converter is used to convert the external AC power supply into DC power; the multiplexer circuit is connected to the output of the AC-DC converter and is used to distribute the DC power to the turntable, signal control module, and power amplifier module group.

[0072] The ACDC converter can employ high-efficiency power factor correction (PFC) and DC-DC conversion topology to output a stable 28V DC voltage. A multi-channel power distribution circuit is connected to the 28V DC bus and can include filtering, protection, and distribution circuits to supply power to the turntable's servo motors, the interference link within the signal control module, and the high-power RF transistors in the power amplifier module.

[0073] It should be noted that, since the power amplifier module group requires a high output power when working at full load, this embodiment sets the continuous rated output power of the power conversion module to be no less than 2000W.

[0074] Please see Figure 11 , Figure 11 An interference flowchart of the ultra-wideband directional jammer in this embodiment is shown, such as... Figure 11 As shown, after the jammer is powered on, the attenuation value of the attenuator in each interference band is first set to 0, and the jammer's interference mode is set to the initial value or the last interference value. Then, based on the detected UAV location and model information, external commands are set. Based on the external commands and the hierarchical interference strategy, the radio frequency channel unit is first controlled to start the frequency-segmented interference link and obtain the interference effect information. Based on the interference effect information, it is determined whether the preset interference effect has been achieved. If it has not been achieved, the interference has failed. The power of the frequency-segmented interference link is adjusted first. If it still has not been achieved, the interference has failed. The radio frequency channel unit is then controlled to start the frequency-segmented interference link and the full-coverage frequency band interference link at the same time. If it still has not been achieved, the interference has failed. The power of all interference links is adjusted until the preset interference effect is achieved, which means the interference is successful.

[0075] Figure 12 A flowchart of a directional interference method provided in an embodiment of this application is shown below. Figure 12 As shown, the method includes the following steps: S21. Generate a broadband radio frequency interference signal for the target frequency band based on external commands and interference strategies, and output control commands. S22. Amplify the power of the broadband radio frequency interference signal to generate a high-power radio frequency signal; S23. Convert high-power radio frequency signals into directional beams; S24. In response to control commands, radiate high-power radio frequency signals into the target airspace in the form of directional beams.

[0076] It should be noted that each step in the directional jamming method in this embodiment corresponds one-to-one with each module in the ultra-wideband directional jammer in the aforementioned embodiment. Therefore, the specific implementation of this embodiment can refer to the implementation of the aforementioned ultra-wideband directional jammer, and will not be repeated here.

[0077] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and do not limit the patent scope of this application. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made using the content of this application's specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An ultra-wideband directional jammer, characterized in that, The ultra-wideband directional jammer is used to jam unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in the target airspace, and the ultra-wideband directional jammer includes: The signal control module, power amplifier module group, directional antenna group, power conversion module, and turntable are included. The signal control module is used to generate broadband radio frequency interference signals for the target frequency band based on external commands and interference strategies, and output control commands. The power amplifier module group is electrically connected to the signal control module and is used to amplify the power of the received broadband radio frequency interference signal to generate a high-power radio frequency signal. The directional antenna group is electrically connected to the power amplifier module group and is used to radiate the high-power radio frequency signal into the target airspace in the form of a directional beam. The turntable is electrically connected to the signal control module and the directional antenna group simultaneously. By responding to the control commands output by the signal control module, the directional antenna group is driven to radiate high-power radio frequency signals directionally to the target airspace. The power conversion module is connected to an external power source and is used to convert the external power signal and provide the converted power signal to the signal control module, power amplifier module group and turntable.

2. The ultra-wideband directional jammer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ultra-wideband directional jammer also includes: An interference effect monitoring unit is used to acquire interference effect information against the UAV; The interference effect monitoring unit is electrically connected to the turntable and is used to receive interference effect information on the UAV. The signal control module is also used to adjust the control commands based on the interference effect information and the interference strategy.

3. The ultra-wideband directional jammer according to claim 2, characterized in that, The signal control module includes: a digital unit and a radio frequency channel unit; The digital unit is used to generate analog baseband signals based on external commands and interference strategies; The radio frequency channel unit is connected to the digital unit and includes multiple independent interference links for converting the analog baseband signal into a broadband radio frequency interference signal in the target frequency band based on the interference links. The bandwidth of the broadband radio frequency interference signal in the target frequency band is ≥3GHz.

4. The ultra-wideband directional jammer according to claim 3, characterized in that, The interference links include frequency-band interference links and full-coverage frequency-band interference links, and the interference strategy is a hierarchical interference strategy. The graded interference strategy includes: according to the preset interference requirements, controlling the radio frequency channel unit to start the frequency-division interference link; and based on the interference effect information obtained by the interference effect monitoring unit, if the frequency-division interference link does not achieve the preset interference effect, controlling the radio frequency channel unit to simultaneously start the frequency-division interference link and the full-coverage frequency band interference link.

5. The ultra-wideband directional jammer according to claim 4, characterized in that, The power amplifier module group includes: Multiple power amplifier modules, wherein the input terminal of each power amplifier module is connected to the output terminal of the corresponding interference link in the signal control module, and the output terminal of each power amplifier module is connected to the corresponding antenna in the directional antenna group; Each of the plurality of power amplifier modules is used to amplify the power of the broadband radio frequency interference signal in the corresponding frequency band output by the signal control module.

6. The ultra-wideband directional jammer according to claim 5, characterized in that, The directional antenna array includes: Log-periodic antennas and frequency-division directional antennas, among which, The log-periodic antenna is connected to the full-coverage frequency band interference link through the power amplifier module and is used to radiate broadband radio frequency signals. The frequency-division directional antenna is connected to the frequency-division interference link through the power amplifier module, and is used to radiate directional interference signals targeting the communication frequency band of the UAV.

7. The ultra-wideband directional jammer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The turntable includes: Rotation mechanism, pitch mechanism, and integrated interface, among which, The rotating mechanism is used to drive the turntable to rotate horizontally 360°. The pitch mechanism is mounted on the rotation mechanism and is used to drive the turntable to adjust the pitch angle. The integrated interface is located on a fixed part of the turntable and is used to connect control cables and external power cables. The signal control module is connected to the turntable through the control cables, and the power conversion module is connected to the external power supply through the cables.

8. The ultra-wideband directional jammer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power conversion module includes: ACDC converter and multiplexed power distribution circuit, among which... The input terminal of the AC-DC converter is connected to an external AC power source via the turntable, and the AC-DC converter is used to convert the external AC power source into DC power. The multi-channel power distribution circuit is connected to the output terminal of the ACDC converter and is used to distribute the DC power to the turntable, the signal control module, and the power amplifier module group.

9. The ultra-wideband directional jammer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The total output power of the power conversion module is not less than 2000W.

10. A directional interference method, characterized in that, This method is applied to the ultra-wideband directional jammer according to any one of claims 1-9, the method comprising: Generate broadband radio frequency interference signals for the target frequency band based on external commands and interference strategies, and output control commands. Broadband radio frequency interference signals are amplified to generate high-power radio frequency signals; Convert the high-power radio frequency signal into a directional beam; In response to the control command, the high-power radio frequency signal is radiated into the target airspace in the form of a directional beam.

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