A new energy engineering construction and operation full-scene safety intelligent supervision and trace back method and system based on Beidou + 4G base station-free positioning

Abstract

This invention discloses a method and system for intelligent safety supervision and traceability tracking of new energy engineering construction and operation and maintenance across all scenarios based on BeiDou + 4G base station-free positioning, belonging to the fields of smart construction site and digital operation and maintenance technology for new energy. This invention relies on BeiDou + 4G integrated positioning technology and public mobile communication networks to achieve full-area coverage. The system is simultaneously adaptable to two major scenarios: large-scale new energy wide-area construction and scattered operation and maintenance of residential photovoltaic systems. It achieves intrusion alarms in risk areas and automatic identification of power station visits through electronic fences; automatic identification of positions through hierarchical identity coding; and compliance verification of construction configurations, early warning of management deficiencies, safety review of operation and maintenance operations, and early warning of missed inspections through automated data comparison. All process data is stored immutably using encrypted algorithms, and the trajectory, ledger, and records are fully traceable. This invention features lightweight deployment, low cost, full scenario adaptability, and comprehensive closed-loop management, significantly improving the efficiency of safety management and control and the quality of operation and maintenance services in new energy engineering construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of smart construction site and digital operation and maintenance technology for new energy, and in particular to a method and system for intelligent safety supervision and traceability of new energy engineering construction and operation and maintenance in all scenarios based on Beidou + 4G base station-free positioning. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of the new energy industry, the construction scale of large-scale ground-mounted photovoltaic, wind farms, and outdoor energy storage power stations is constantly expanding, and residential distributed photovoltaic power stations are also experiencing explosive growth. However, the safety management and traceability issues in the construction and operation and maintenance stages are becoming increasingly prominent, becoming a key bottleneck restricting the high-quality development of the industry. Currently, the new energy engineering construction and operation and maintenance industry mainly presents two core pain points, and existing technologies cannot meet the needs of integrated supervision throughout the entire life cycle, resulting in significant technological gaps.

[0003] On the one hand, large-scale ground-mounted photovoltaic, wind farms, and field energy storage power stations are characterized by their wide scope, highly dispersed work sites, large safety supervision radius, scattered hazardous locations, and high personnel mobility. Traditional control models relying on manual inspections are inefficient and have many blind spots, making them unsuitable for the control needs of wide-area, dispersed construction. While conventional UWB, Bluetooth, and LAN base station positioning systems can achieve some positioning functions, they suffer from high deployment costs, high construction difficulty, and incomplete signal coverage, making it difficult to achieve comprehensive, blind-spot-free control. Furthermore, existing technologies can only achieve basic location monitoring and trajectory playback, lacking an automatic job code identification mechanism. This prevents automated compliance verification of personnel configuration, safety supervision, and management deficiencies at the work site, resulting in delayed prevention and control of hazardous areas, high false alarm rates, and difficulty in forming a standardized closed-loop management system of "pre-event warning, in-event control, and post-event traceability."

[0004] On the other hand, residential distributed photovoltaic power stations are characterized by small single-station capacity, numerous locations, scattered layout across villages and towns, and long operation and maintenance service radii. Operation and maintenance organizations generally face challenges such as difficulty in on-site personnel supervision, weak control over the operation process, inability to quantify service quality, and difficulty in defining liability disputes. Traditional operation and maintenance models rely on manual sign-in and verbal reports, which cannot effectively verify whether operation and maintenance personnel are actually present or have completed their work according to regulations. This leads to irregularities such as proxy sign-ins, false inspections, and absence from the site. Furthermore, the lack of specific safety and compliance supervision for operation and maintenance scenarios makes it difficult to identify safety risks such as unauthorized solo high-altitude operations and unsupervised work, which can easily lead to safety accidents. In addition, the lack of complete trajectory records and work logs makes it difficult to provide effective evidence for tracing and proving responsibility when problems escalate, owner complaints arise, or service disputes occur.

[0005] Both of the above scenarios share common technical requirements such as no reliance on base stations, full coverage, lightweight deployment, and full-process traceability. However, existing technologies either only target a single construction or operation and maintenance scenario, cannot achieve lightweight deployment without base stations, or lack full-process compliance verification and tamper-proof traceability functions. They cannot simultaneously meet the needs of integrated intelligent supervision of the entire life cycle of new energy projects, from construction to post-operation and maintenance. The industry urgently needs an integrated technical solution that can solve the above pain points. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies in the construction and operation and maintenance of new energy projects, such as low management efficiency, high deployment costs, limited coverage, lack of compliance verification, and insufficient traceability, and to meet the urgent need for integrated supervision throughout the entire lifecycle of the industry, this invention provides a method and system for intelligent safety supervision and traceability across all scenarios of new energy project construction and operation and maintenance based on BeiDou + 4G base station-free positioning. This invention requires no wired / wireless positioning base stations, no on-site wiring or power supply, and no hardware deployment at the power station. It achieves full-area positioning coverage by relying on public mobile communication networks and BeiDou + 4G integrated positioning technology. Through technologies such as electronic fences, personnel hierarchical coding, and automated data comparison, it achieves proactive prevention and control of hazardous areas, automatic verification of job compliance, intelligent early warning of management anomalies, and precise control of the operation and maintenance process. All data is encrypted and stored tamper-proofly throughout the entire process, comprehensively covering the safety and quality control needs of new energy projects from construction to operation and maintenance services. This significantly improves supervision efficiency, reduces safety risks, quantifies service quality, and enables traceability of responsibility, filling a technological gap in the industry.

[0007] A method for intelligent safety supervision and traceability of new energy engineering construction and operation and maintenance across all scenarios based on BeiDou + 4G base station-free positioning includes the following steps: S1. Construct a full-domain electronic map of new energy projects, mark project boundaries, construction zones and high-risk areas in construction scenarios, and import household power station coordinates, responsibility areas and inspection plans in operation and maintenance scenarios. S2. In the construction scenario, electronic warning fences are set up to prohibit entry into high-risk areas. In the operation and maintenance scenario, electronic fences are set up for operation and maintenance work at the power station, and alarm rules are configured for each. S3. Assign a unique hierarchical identity code to all construction and maintenance personnel and bind it to a Beidou + 4G positioning terminal for one-to-one real-name registration. S4. Pre-set the job configuration standards and safety specifications for each construction work surface, as well as the operation and maintenance specifications and inspection frequency requirements; S5 adopts Beidou + 4G fusion positioning to achieve real-time positioning of personnel throughout the entire area, without the need to deploy local positioning base stations or on-site hardware equipment; S6. Construction scene monitoring personnel entering the risk fence triggers multi-level linkage alarms; Operation and maintenance scene compares the location with the power station fence to automatically identify the visit status and stay duration. S7. Automatically identify job types and configurations based on identity codes, conduct compliance comparisons of work surfaces in construction scenarios, and conduct operational safety compliance reviews in operation and maintenance scenarios; S8: Automatic graded early warning for construction scene identification and management deficiencies, and substandard configurations; Automatic intelligent early warning for operation and maintenance scene identification, including missed inspections, absences, and no on-site presence. S9. Location data, trajectory, alarms, compliance results, and visit records are encrypted and stored in an immutable manner, enabling full-process traceability, assessability, and evidentiary capability.

[0008] Furthermore, the high-risk areas include high-voltage energized areas, transformer substation operation areas, deep foundation pits, hoisting operation areas, steep slope ponds, hazardous chemical storage sites, and unclosed construction areas.

[0009] Furthermore, the hierarchical identity coding covers project managers, full-time safety officers, team leaders, special operations personnel, general construction workers, visitors, full-time maintenance personnel, maintenance management personnel, and safety supervisors. The coding includes job type, level, and region information.

[0010] Furthermore, the multi-level linkage alarm includes a three-level synchronous response: sound, light, and vibration from the positioning terminal; a pop-up window from the management platform; and a mobile APP from the responsible personnel. Different response mechanisms are set according to the alarm level.

[0011] Furthermore, deficiencies in construction site management include the absence of safety officers, supervisors, shift leaders, lack of special workers, insufficient personnel, and management personnel being absent from their posts; anomalies in operation and maintenance scenarios include missed inspections, absence of inspections, absence of personnel, overdue inspections, unauthorized solo high-altitude operations, and unsupervised operations.

[0012] A smart safety supervision and traceability system for the construction and operation and maintenance of new energy projects based on Beidou + 4G base station-free positioning, used to execute the method described in any one of claims 1 to 5, includes a full-domain electronic map and dual-scene fence management module, a personnel hierarchical coding real-name management module, a construction configuration standard preset module, an operation and maintenance area and inspection plan module, a Beidou + 4G positioning terminal, a wireless data transmission module, a real-time monitoring module, a construction risk intrusion alarm module, an operation and maintenance visit identification module, a job / operation compliance comparison module, a construction absence early warning module, an operation and maintenance missed inspection early warning module, and a trajectory storage and full life cycle traceability report module.

[0013] Furthermore, the system adopts a cloud-based platform / SaaS deployment model, eliminating the need for local positioning base stations, on-site wiring and power supply, and power station-side hardware deployment.

[0014] Furthermore, the Beidou + 4G positioning terminal has a built-in Beidou positioning module and a 4G communication module, which can collect personnel location data in real time and transmit it to the cloud platform. At the same time, it can receive alarm information and trigger sound, light and vibration prompts.

[0015] Furthermore, the trajectory storage and full lifecycle traceability report generation module uses encryption algorithms to store the entire process data in an immutable manner, and automatically generates various queryable and exportable reports such as construction safety daily reports, operation and maintenance inspection logs, and trajectory reports.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. Full-scenario coverage and strong versatility: One system can adapt to the wide-area and dispersed construction scenarios such as large-scale ground photovoltaic, wind power, and field energy storage, as well as the scattered operation and maintenance scenarios of household distributed photovoltaic power stations. It covers the entire life cycle of new energy projects from construction to later operation and maintenance. There is no need to deploy separate systems for different scenarios. It has extremely strong versatility and greatly reduces industry management and control costs.

[0017] 2. Lightweight deployment without base stations and low implementation cost: It adopts Beidou + 4G integrated positioning technology and relies on the public mobile communication network to realize data transmission. There is no need to deploy any wired / wireless positioning base stations, no need for on-site wiring and power supply, and no need to deploy any hardware equipment at the power station. Construction scenarios can be quickly implemented, and operation and maintenance scenarios can be used immediately. It significantly reduces deployment costs, construction difficulty and implementation threshold, and is suitable for the wide-area and decentralized scenario characteristics of new energy projects.

[0018] 3. Proactive safety prevention and comprehensive risk management: In construction scenarios, electronic warning fences are set up in advance for high-risk areas. If personnel enter, a three-level linkage alarm is immediately triggered, realizing proactive prevention and control of dangerous areas; in operation and maintenance scenarios, the configuration of operators is automatically verified to prohibit unauthorized single-person high-altitude operations and unsupervised operations, realizing early warning and in-process prevention, effectively reducing the incidence of safety accidents and improving the level of safety management.

[0019] 4. Real-name system for precise control and prevention of management irregularities: A unique hierarchical identity code is assigned to all personnel in each position to achieve real-name binding of "one person, one code, one terminal". This system automatically identifies personnel identity and position, effectively preventing management irregularities such as identity theft, shirking supervision, proxy clocking, and false inspections, and ensuring the precision of control.

[0020] 5. Fully automated compliance verification improves regulatory efficiency: Construction work area configuration, operation and maintenance operation specifications, inspection plans, etc. are all automatically compared, eliminating the need for manual statistics and on-site verification. It can identify abnormal situations such as management gaps, violations, and missed inspections in real time and trigger early warnings, greatly reducing the workload of manual supervision, improving the efficiency and accuracy of supervision, and forming a standardized closed-loop management.

[0021] 6. Tamper-proof and traceable throughout the entire process, with clearly defined responsibilities: All data, including location trajectory, alarm handling, compliance status, visit records, and work logs, are stored using encryption algorithms to prevent tampering. This data can be directly used for safety management, supervision and inspection, accident identification, owner verification, and dispute evidence collection, enabling traceability and definition of responsibilities and solving the pain point of difficult handling of industry liability disputes.

[0022] 7. Highly industry-specific and with high promotional value: Specifically designed for new energy engineering construction and operation and maintenance scenarios, it adopts cloud platform / SaaS deployment, is easy to operate, has low implementation threshold, and outstanding practicality. It can effectively solve existing pain points in the industry, meet the integrated supervision needs of the entire life cycle, and has extremely high engineering application value and market promotion prospects. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 This invention presents an overall structural diagram of a smart safety monitoring and traceability system for all scenarios of new energy engineering construction and operation and maintenance based on BeiDou + 4G base station-free positioning. Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the overall process for full-scenario supervision of construction and operation and maintenance in this invention; Figure 3 This invention provides a schematic diagram of the logic for electronic fence alarms, compliance comparisons, and anomaly warnings. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0026] A method for intelligent safety supervision and traceability of new energy engineering construction and operation and maintenance across all scenarios based on BeiDou + 4G base station-free positioning, specifically including the following steps: S1. Construct a comprehensive electronic map of new energy projects: In the construction scenario, collect geographic coordinate data of the project area and mark the location information of various risk areas such as project boundaries, construction zones, high-voltage energized areas, deep foundation pits, hoisting areas, hazardous chemical storage points, steep slopes and ponds, and unclosed construction areas; In the operation and maintenance scenario, import the coordinate information, owner basic information, and operation and maintenance responsibility area of ​​household distributed photovoltaic power stations in batches, integrate the geographic information data of construction and operation and maintenance scenarios, and form a unified and standardized comprehensive geographic information base map to provide basic support for subsequent positioning and fence management.

[0027] S2. Set up dual-scenario electronic fences and alarm rules: In the construction scenario, set up a no-entry electronic warning fence for the high-risk areas marked in S1, clearly defining the fence boundaries; in the operation and maintenance scenario, independently delineate an electronic fence for operation and maintenance work for each household distributed photovoltaic power station, defining the effective area for operation and maintenance work. Simultaneously, configure tiered alarm rules and response mechanisms for both construction and operation and maintenance scenarios, clearly defining alarm triggering conditions, alarm levels, handling procedures, and responsible parties to ensure timely transmission and rapid handling of alarm information.

[0028] S3. Personnel Hierarchical Coding and Real-Name Binding: Based on job type, a unique and fixed hierarchical identity code is assigned to project managers, full-time safety officers, team leaders, special operations personnel, general construction workers, and visitors in construction scenarios, and to full-time maintenance personnel, maintenance management personnel, and safety supervisors in operation and maintenance scenarios. This code contains key information such as job type, level, and region. Each person's hierarchical identity code is then bound one-to-one with a BeiDou + 4G fusion positioning terminal for real-name binding, achieving "one person, one code, one terminal" and preventing identity theft and substitution.

[0029] S4. Pre-set dual-scenario control standards and specifications: In the construction scenario, based on the project construction plan and safety management requirements, pre-set the minimum number of personnel, job ratio, personnel threshold, and safety control specifications for various operations, and clarify the compliance judgment standards; In the operation and maintenance scenario, based on the operation and maintenance contract requirements and power plant operation and maintenance standards, pre-set the inspection plan, periodic inspection list, inspection frequency, and special safety specifications for high-altitude operations and monitoring operations, providing a basis for subsequent compliance verification.

[0030] S5. Real-time Global Positioning Data Acquisition: Employing BeiDou + 4G fusion positioning technology, the system uses a bound BeiDou + 4G fusion positioning terminal to collect real-time data such as the location coordinates and movement trajectories of construction, maintenance, and related management personnel. The positioning terminal transmits the data to the cloud-based monitoring platform in real-time via the public mobile communication network. The entire positioning process requires no local positioning base station deployment, no on-site wiring or power supply, and no hardware deployment at the power station, achieving lightweight, blind-spot-free global positioning.

[0031] S6. Fence Status Monitoring and Visitor Recognition: In construction scenarios, the cloud-based monitoring platform monitors the boundary relationship between personnel locations and high-risk area electronic fences in real time. Once personnel are detected entering a prohibited electronic fence, a preset hierarchical linkage alarm is immediately triggered. In operation and maintenance scenarios, the cloud-based monitoring platform compares personnel locations with the power plant operation and maintenance operation electronic fences in real time, automatically identifies personnel visit status, arrival time, departure time, and stay duration, and generates a visit log to achieve automated recording of operation and maintenance visits.

[0032] S7. Automatic Comparison of Job Configuration and Operation Compliance: In construction scenarios, the cloud-based monitoring platform automatically identifies the personnel job structure of each work area based on the hierarchical identity code of the personnel, and compares the actual job configuration and number of personnel with the standards preset in S4 in real time to determine whether they meet the job ratio and number of personnel threshold requirements. In operation and maintenance scenarios, based on the hierarchical identity code of the personnel, it verifies whether the job configuration of on-site operation and maintenance personnel complies with safety regulations, and automatically reviews whether there are violations such as unauthorized single-person high-altitude operations or unsupervised operations.

[0033] S8. Intelligent Early Warning of Abnormal Situations: In construction scenarios, when compliance checks reveal management deficiencies such as the absence of safety officers, shift supervisors, special workers, absent management personnel, or insufficient personnel, the cloud-based monitoring platform automatically triggers tiered early warnings and pushes them to the corresponding responsible personnel based on the warning level. In operation and maintenance scenarios, the cloud-based monitoring platform automatically compares the corresponding inspection list with actual visit records to identify abnormal situations such as missed inspections, absences, absences, and overdue inspections, as well as violations of regulations, and pushes early warning information in real time to urge relevant personnel to rectify the issues promptly.

[0034] S9. Full-Process Data Encryption Storage and Traceability: All relevant data throughout the construction and maintenance cycle, including location data, personnel movement trajectories, alarm records, compliance comparison results, visit logs, and work traces, are stored immutably using encryption algorithms to ensure data authenticity, integrity, and security. Simultaneously, the cloud-based monitoring platform automatically generates various reports such as daily construction safety reports, maintenance inspection logs, trajectory reports, and assessment data, enabling full-process traceability, assessability, and verifiability for construction safety and maintenance services.

[0035] The integrated intelligent monitoring system of the present invention is used to execute the above-mentioned integrated intelligent monitoring method. The system adopts a cloud platform / SaaS deployment mode, which eliminates the need for on-site positioning base stations and power station-side hardware deployment. Specifically, it includes the following modules: (1) Full-domain electronic map and dual-scenario electronic fence management module: used to construct and maintain the full-domain geographic information base map of new energy projects, mark the risk areas of construction scenarios, the location of power stations and the responsibility areas of operation and maintenance scenarios; realize the creation, editing and deletion of electronic warning fences in high-risk areas of construction scenarios and electronic fences for operation and maintenance operations of power stations in operation and maintenance scenarios, as well as the configuration and management of hierarchical alarm rules and response mechanisms.

[0036] (2) Personnel hierarchical coding real-name management module: used to assign a unique hierarchical identity code to construction, operation and maintenance and related management personnel, record personnel basic information and job information; realize the one-to-one real-name binding and unbinding management of personnel hierarchical identity code and Beidou + 4G fusion positioning terminal, as well as personnel information query, modification and statistics.

[0037] (3) Construction work surface configuration standard preset module: used to preset the minimum personnel configuration, job ratio, number of people threshold, and safety management and control specifications for each work surface in the construction scenario, store compliance judgment standards, and provide a basis for compliance comparison of construction scenarios.

[0038] (4) Operation and maintenance responsibility area and inspection plan module: used to import household distributed photovoltaic power station information, divide operation and maintenance responsibility areas; preset operation and maintenance inspection plan, periodic inspection list, inspection frequency, and operation and maintenance safety specifications, and manage the allocation, execution and tracking of inspection tasks.

[0039] (5) Beidou + 4G integrated positioning terminal: As a carrier for positioning data collection, it has a built-in Beidou positioning module and 4G communication module, which can collect personnel location coordinates and movement trajectory data in real time, receive alarm information pushed by the cloud platform and trigger sound, light and vibration prompts, and realize real-time data interaction with the cloud platform.

[0040] (6) Wireless data transmission module: Relying on the public mobile communication network, it realizes real-time and stable transmission of various data such as positioning data, alarm information, and operation records between the Beidou + 4G integrated positioning terminal and the cloud monitoring platform, ensuring the timeliness and accuracy of data transmission.

[0041] (7) Real-time monitoring and display module: used to display the full-area electronic map, real-time location of personnel, electronic fence status, alarm information, compliance comparison results, etc. in real time. It supports functions such as personnel trajectory playback, regional personnel statistics, alarm record query, etc., providing managers with an intuitive regulatory perspective.

[0042] (8) Construction Risk Intrusion Alarm Module: Used to monitor the positional relationship between personnel in the construction scene and the electronic fence of high-risk areas in real time. When personnel intrusion is detected, a three-level linkage alarm is triggered, including sound and light vibration of the positioning terminal, pop-up window of the management platform, and mobile APP of the responsible personnel. The alarm details are recorded and the alarm handling progress is tracked.

[0043] (9) Automatic identification module for operation and maintenance visits: It is used to compare the location of operation and maintenance personnel with the electronic fence of power plant operation and maintenance operations in real time, automatically identify the visit status, arrival / departure time, and stay duration, generate operation and maintenance visit ledger, and support the query, statistics and export of visit records.

[0044] (10) Automatic Compliance Comparison Module for Jobs / Operations: Based on the personnel hierarchical identity code, it automatically identifies the job structure of the work surface in the construction scenario and the on-site personnel configuration in the operation and maintenance scenario, compares it with the preset control standards and safety specifications in real time, determines compliance and records the comparison results.

[0045] (11) Construction Management Absence Early Warning Module: Based on the compliance comparison results of the construction scenario, it is used to identify management absence situations such as no safety officer, no supervisor, no shift leader, lack of special workers, insufficient number of personnel, and absenteeism of management personnel, and automatically triggers graded early warnings and pushes them to relevant responsible personnel.

[0046] (12) Operation and maintenance missed inspection abnormality early warning module: It is used to compare the corresponding inspection list with the actual visit record, identify abnormal situations such as missed inspection, missing inspection, absence, and overdue inspection in operation and maintenance scenarios, as well as violations such as unauthorized single high-altitude operation and unsupervised operation, and push early warning information in real time and urge rectification.

[0047] (13) Trajectory storage and full life cycle traceability report generation module: used to encrypt and store full life cycle positioning data, movement trajectory, alarm record, compliance comparison result, visit ledger, work trace and other data in an unalterable manner; automatically generate various reports such as construction safety daily report, operation and maintenance inspection ledger, trajectory report, assessment data, etc., support report query and export, and realize full process traceability, assessment and evidence. Example 1

[0048] A method and system for intelligent safety supervision and traceability of new energy engineering construction and operation and maintenance scenarios based on Beidou + 4G base station-free positioning. The system is deployed in a cloud platform / SaaS mode, eliminating the need to set up positioning base stations at the construction site and deploying any hardware equipment in the household photovoltaic power station. The specific implementation process is as follows: The first step is geographic information and fence configuration: Geographic coordinate data of the construction area of ​​large-scale ground-mounted photovoltaic power stations is obtained through satellite remote sensing and on-site data collection. Project boundaries, construction zones, and high-risk areas such as high-voltage live areas, deep foundation pits, hoisting areas, and hazardous chemical storage points are marked on the full-domain electronic map and dual-scene electronic fence management module. At the same time, basic information such as coordinates, owner names, and contact information of 1,000 household distributed photovoltaic power stations in the jurisdiction are imported in batches, dividing the area into 5 operation and maintenance responsibility areas to form a unified full-domain geographic information base map. For high-risk areas of the construction scene, no-entry electronic warning fences are set up, with a fence boundary error of no more than 5 meters. An operation and maintenance electronic fence with a radius of 10 meters is defined for each household photovoltaic power station, and a three-level alarm rule is configured: Level 1 alarm (personnel approaching the fence) only triggers terminal prompts; Level 2 alarm (personnel entering the fence) triggers terminal sound, light, and vibration + platform pop-up; Level 3 alarm (unauthorized stay exceeding 5 minutes) triggers terminal sound, light, and vibration + platform pop-up + mobile APP push to responsible personnel.

[0049] The second step involves binding personnel codes to terminals: For the 20 project managers, 10 full-time safety officers, 15 team leaders, 25 special operations personnel, 80 general construction workers, and 30 visitors in the construction scenario, and for the 30 full-time maintenance personnel, 8 maintenance management personnel, and 12 safety supervisors in the maintenance scenario, a unique hierarchical identity code is assigned. The code format is "Job Type-Level-Region Code-Personnel Number," for example, "Special Operations Personnel-Level 1-Construction Area A-001." Each person's hierarchical identity code is then bound one-to-one with a Beidou + 4G fusion positioning terminal for real-name registration. Basic personnel information and job qualifications are entered. After binding, the positioning terminal automatically synchronizes the personnel code information, preventing arbitrary unbinding or replacement.

[0050] The third step is to preset control standards: In the standard preset module for the construction work area, the minimum personnel configuration for each construction zone is preset: each high-risk work area should be equipped with at least 1 full-time safety officer, 1 team leader, 2 special operations personnel, and 3 general construction personnel; In the operation and maintenance responsibility area and inspection plan module, the inspection plan is preset: each household photovoltaic power station should be inspected once a month and a comprehensive inspection should be carried out once a quarter, and the inspection items and inspection standards should be clearly defined. At the same time, the safety regulations that one safety supervisor must be equipped for high-altitude operations are preset.

[0051] The fourth step is positioning and data transmission: When construction, maintenance, and related management personnel are on duty, the BeiDou + 4G fusion positioning terminal is activated. The terminal collects location coordinates in real time through the BeiDou positioning module (positioning accuracy ±1 meter), and transmits location data, movement trajectory, and other information to the cloud monitoring platform in real time via the 4G communication module and wireless data transmission module. The transmission frequency is once every 10 seconds to ensure the real-time nature of the location information. The entire process requires no local positioning base station deployment and no on-site wiring or power supply. The positioning terminal uses a rechargeable lithium battery with a battery life of no less than 12 hours, meeting the needs of all-day operation.

[0052] Step 5, Real-time Control and Early Warning: In the construction scenario, the real-time monitoring and display module shows the location of personnel in each construction zone in real time. When a regular construction worker enters the electronic fence of a high-voltage live area, a level 2 alarm is immediately triggered. The positioning terminal emits sound, light, and vibration, and an alarm pop-up window appears on the cloud platform. At the same time, it is pushed to the mobile APP of the team leader and full-time safety officer in that area. After receiving the alarm, the relevant personnel arrive at the scene within 5 minutes to handle the situation. After the handling is completed, the handling record is entered into the platform. When a construction work surface is not equipped with a full-time safety officer, the construction management absence early warning module triggers a red warning and pushes it to the project management personnel to urge them to replenish personnel in a timely manner. In an operation and maintenance scenario, after maintenance personnel arrive at a residential photovoltaic power station, they enter the electronic fence for maintenance work. The automatic visit identification module automatically records the arrival time and departure time and duration of stay, generating a visit log. If a power station fails to be inspected for more than 15 days, the maintenance missed inspection anomaly warning module triggers an alert and pushes it to the corresponding maintenance personnel and management personnel to urge them to complete the inspection. If maintenance personnel are detected performing high-altitude work alone, a level three alarm is immediately triggered, forcibly reminding them to stop the work until a safety supervisor arrives.

[0053] Step 6: Data Storage and Traceability: The cloud platform uses AES encryption algorithm to encrypt and store all lifecycle data, including location data, personnel trajectories, alarm records, compliance comparison results, visit logs, and work traces, for a period of no less than 5 years. The data is tamper-proof and cannot be deleted. Daily construction safety reports and maintenance inspection logs are automatically generated, and weekly trajectory reports and assessment data are generated. Management personnel can use the real-time monitoring display module to query personnel trajectory playback, alarm records, compliance status, etc. In case of owner complaints or fault disputes, relevant data can be exported as evidence, achieving full-process traceability and assessability.

[0054] In this embodiment, the above-mentioned method and system realize integrated intelligent supervision of large-scale photovoltaic construction scenarios and household photovoltaic operation and maintenance scenarios. The supervision efficiency of construction scenarios is improved, the rate of missed alarms due to intrusion into dangerous areas is reduced, and the phenomena of proxy attendance and false inspections in operation and maintenance scenarios are completely eliminated. This greatly improves the safety management and service quality of new energy engineering construction and operation and maintenance, reduces management costs and safety risks, and has good practicality and scalability.

[0055] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for intelligent safety supervision and traceability of new energy engineering construction and operation and maintenance across all scenarios based on BeiDou + 4G base station-free positioning, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Construct a full-domain electronic map of new energy projects, mark project boundaries, construction zones and high-risk areas in construction scenarios, and import household power station coordinates, responsibility areas and inspection plans in operation and maintenance scenarios. S2. In the construction scenario, electronic warning fences are set up to prohibit entry into high-risk areas. In the operation and maintenance scenario, electronic fences are set up for operation and maintenance work at the power station, and alarm rules are configured for each. S3. Assign a unique hierarchical identity code to all construction and maintenance personnel and bind it to a Beidou + 4G positioning terminal for one-to-one real-name registration. S4. Pre-set the job configuration standards and safety specifications for each construction work surface, as well as the operation and maintenance specifications and inspection frequency requirements; S5 adopts Beidou + 4G fusion positioning to achieve real-time positioning of personnel throughout the entire area, without the need to deploy local positioning base stations or on-site hardware equipment; S6. Construction scene monitoring personnel entering the risk fence triggers multi-level linkage alarms; Operation and maintenance scene compares the location with the power station fence to automatically identify the visit status and stay duration. S7. Automatically identify job types and configurations based on identity codes, conduct compliance comparisons of work surfaces in construction scenarios, and conduct operational safety compliance reviews in operation and maintenance scenarios; S8. Automatic graded early warning for construction scene identification and management deficiencies and substandard configurations; Automatic intelligent warnings are issued for missed inspections, absences, and no-on-site presence in operation and maintenance scenarios. S9. Location data, trajectory, alarms, compliance results, and visit records are encrypted and stored in an immutable manner, enabling full-process traceability, assessability, and evidentiary capability.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-risk areas include high-voltage energized areas, transformer substation operation areas, deep foundation pits, hoisting operation areas, steep slope ponds, hazardous chemical storage sites, and unclosed construction areas.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hierarchical identity coding covers project management personnel, full-time safety officers, team leaders, special operations personnel, general construction personnel, external visitors, full-time operation and maintenance personnel, operation and maintenance management personnel, and safety supervisors. The coding includes job type, level, and area information.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-level linkage alarm includes a three-level synchronous response: sound, light and vibration from the positioning terminal, pop-up window from the management platform, and mobile APP from the responsible personnel. Different response mechanisms are set according to the alarm level.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Construction scenario management deficiencies include the absence of safety officers, supervisors, shift leaders, lack of special workers, insufficient personnel, and management personnel being absent from their posts; maintenance scenario anomalies include missed inspections, missed inspections, absence from the site, overdue inspections, unauthorized solo high-altitude operations, and unsupervised operations.

6. A smart safety monitoring and traceability system for the entire construction and operation of new energy projects based on BeiDou + 4G base station-free positioning, characterized in that, The system is used to execute the method described in any one of claims 1 to 5, and includes a full-domain electronic map and dual-scene fence management module, a personnel hierarchical coding real-name management module, a construction configuration standard preset module, an operation and maintenance area and inspection plan module, a Beidou + 4G positioning terminal, a wireless data transmission module, a real-time monitoring module, a construction risk intrusion alarm module, an operation and maintenance visit identification module, a job / operation compliance comparison module, a construction absence early warning module, an operation and maintenance missed inspection early warning module, and a trajectory storage and full life cycle traceability report module.

7. The system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The system adopts a cloud-based platform / SaaS deployment model, which eliminates the need for local positioning base stations, on-site wiring and power supply, and power station-side hardware deployment.

8. The system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The Beidou+4G positioning terminal has a built-in Beidou positioning module and a 4G communication module, which can collect personnel location data in real time and transmit it to the cloud platform. It can also receive alarm information and trigger sound, light and vibration prompts.

9. The system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The trajectory storage and full lifecycle traceability report generation module uses encryption algorithms to store the entire process data in an immutable manner, and automatically generates various queryable and exportable reports such as construction safety daily reports, operation and maintenance inspection logs, and trajectory reports.

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