Communication method, communication device, and communication system

Abstract

The embodiment of the present disclosure relates to a communication method, a communication device and a communication system. The communication method comprises: determining, by an access point device (AP) attached to a multi-link access point device (AP MLD), a first wireless frame; the first wireless frame is used to trigger one or more attached multi-link station devices (non-AP STA) attached to a multi-link station device (non-AP MLD) to switch from a first capability mode to a second capability mode; and the first wireless frame is transmitted under a first link; wherein the first capability mode and the second capability mode comprise at least one communication parameter; the parameter value of at least one communication parameter is higher in the second capability mode than in the first capability mode, so that after the non-AP STA receives the first wireless frame, the state switching is completed in time, thereby improving the energy saving effect and meeting the demand of high-capability business transmission.

Description

Communication methods, communication equipment and communication systems Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a communication method, communication device and communication system. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, research on Wi-Fi technology includes topics such as Ultra High Reliability (UHR), with the vision of improving the reliability of Wireless Local Area Networks (WLAN) connections, reducing latency, improving manageability, increasing throughput at different signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) levels, and reducing device-level power consumption.

[0003] In UHR, the power-saving mechanism will be further enhanced to ensure the latency requirements of low-latency services.

[0004] Summary of the Invention

[0005] This disclosure provides a communication method, communication device, and communication system to further enhance power-saving mechanisms.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a communication method, the method comprising:

[0007] An AP attached to a multi-link access point device (AP MLD) determines a first radio frame; the first radio frame is used to trigger one or more non-AP STAs attached to a multi-link site device (non-AP MLD) to switch from a first capability mode to a second capability mode.

[0008] The first wireless frame is transmitted under the first link;

[0009] The first capability mode and the second capability mode include at least one communication parameter; the value of the at least one communication parameter is higher in the second capability mode than in the first capability mode.

[0010] Secondly, embodiments of this disclosure also provide a communication method, the method comprising:

[0011] A non-AP STA attached to a non-AP MLD receives a first radio frame on the first link; the first radio frame is used to trigger one or more non-AP STAs attached to a non-AP MLD to switch from a first capability mode to a second capability mode;

[0012] The first capability mode and the second capability mode include at least one communication parameter; the value of the at least one communication parameter is higher in the second capability mode than in the first capability mode.

[0013] Thirdly, this disclosure also provides a communication device, which is an access point (AP), the AP comprising:

[0014] A determination module is used to determine a first radio frame; the first radio frame is used to trigger one or more affiliated multi-link site devices (non-AP STAs) attached to the multi-link site device (non-AP MLD) to switch from a first capability mode to a second capability mode;

[0015] A transmitting module, used to transmit the first wireless frame under the first link;

[0016] The first capability mode and the second capability mode include at least one communication parameter; the value of the at least one communication parameter is higher in the second capability mode than in the first capability mode.

[0017] On the other hand, this disclosure also provides a communication device, which is a non-AP STA, and the non-AP STA includes:

[0018] The receiving module is configured to receive a first radio frame under the first link; the first radio frame is configured to trigger one or more non-AP STAs attached to the non-AP MLD to switch from a first capability mode to a second capability mode;

[0019] The first capability mode and the second capability mode include at least one communication parameter; the value of the at least one communication parameter is higher in the second capability mode than in the first capability mode.

[0020] On the other hand, this disclosure also provides a communication device, which is an access point (AP), comprising:

[0021] One or more processors;

[0022] The AP is used to execute the communication method described in the embodiments of this disclosure.

[0023] On the other hand, this disclosure also provides a communication device, which is a non-AP STA, comprising:

[0024] One or more processors;

[0025] The non-AP STA is used to execute the communication method described in the embodiments of this disclosure.

[0026] This disclosure also provides a communication system, including an AP and a non-AP STA;

[0027] Wherein, the AP attached to the AP MLD determines the first radio frame; the first radio frame is used to trigger one or more non-AP STAs attached to the non-AP MLD to switch from a first capability mode to a second capability mode; the first radio frame is transmitted under the first link; wherein the first capability mode and the second capability mode include at least one communication parameter; the parameter value of the at least one communication parameter is higher in the second capability mode than in the first capability mode;

[0028] A non-AP STA attached to a non-AP MLD receives a first radio frame on the first link; the first radio frame is used to trigger one or more non-AP STAs attached to a non-AP MLD to switch from a first capability mode to a second capability mode;

[0029] The first capability mode and the second capability mode include at least one communication parameter; the value of the at least one communication parameter is higher in the second capability mode than in the first capability mode.

[0030] This disclosure also provides a storage medium storing instructions that, when executed on a communication device, cause the communication device to perform the communication method as described in this disclosure.

[0031] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the AAP attached to the AP MLD determines a first radio frame and triggers one or more non-AP STAs attached to the non-AP MLD to switch from a first capability mode to a second capability mode through the first radio frame; the first radio frame is sent under the first link so that the non-AP STA can complete the state switch in time after receiving the first radio frame, thereby improving the energy saving effect and meeting the needs of high-capacity service transmission.

[0032] Additional aspects and advantages of embodiments of this disclosure will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and will become apparent from the description or may be learned by practice of this disclosure. Attached Figure Description

[0033] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this disclosure, the accompanying drawings required for the description of the embodiments are introduced below. The following drawings are only some embodiments of this disclosure and do not impose specific limitations on the protection scope of this disclosure.

[0034] Figure 1 is an exemplary schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0035] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the interaction of multi-link communication provided in the embodiments of this disclosure;

[0036] Figure 3 is one of the exemplary interactive diagrams of the method provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0037] Figure 4 is a second exemplary interactive schematic diagram of the method provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0038] Figure 5 is a third exemplary interactive schematic diagram of the method provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0039] Figure 6 is a flowchart illustrating one of the communication methods provided in this embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0040] Figure 7 is a second schematic flowchart of the communication method provided in this embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0041] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the AP MLD proposed in the embodiment of this disclosure;

[0042] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the non-AP STA structure proposed in the embodiments of this disclosure;

[0043] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the terminal proposed in the embodiment of this disclosure;

[0044] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the chip structure proposed in the embodiments of this disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0045] This disclosure presents a communication method, communication device, and communication system.

[0046] In a first aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a communication method, the method comprising:

[0047] An AP attached to a multi-link access point device (AP MLD) determines a first radio frame; the first radio frame is used to trigger one or more non-AP STAs attached to a multi-link site device (non-AP MLD) to switch from a first capability mode to a second capability mode.

[0048] The first wireless frame is transmitted under the first link;

[0049] The first capability mode and the second capability mode include at least one communication parameter; the value of the at least one communication parameter is higher in the second capability mode than in the first capability mode.

[0050] In the above embodiments, the AP attached to the AP MLD determines the first radio frame and triggers one or more non-AP STAs attached to the non-AP MLD to switch from the first capability mode to the second capability mode. The first radio frame is sent under the first link so that the non-AP STA can complete the state switch in time after receiving the first radio frame, thereby improving the energy saving effect and meeting the needs of high-capacity service transmission.

[0051] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the first wireless frame includes a first field and a second field;

[0052] The first field identifies: the first radio frame is used to trigger a non-AP STA to switch from the first capability mode to the second capability mode;

[0053] The second field identifier is the non-AP MLD corresponding to the AP.

[0054] In the above embodiments, by setting a first field and a second field in the first radio frame, the capability mode switching of the non-AP STA in multi-link communication can be effectively indicated and controlled. The first field clearly identifies whether the first radio frame is used to trigger the non-AP STA; the second field provides information on the non-AP MLD that needs to be triggered. This design not only optimizes the energy efficiency of the device but also ensures the stability and reliability of high-throughput communication, improving the overall system performance.

[0055] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the second field includes a first subfield; the first subfield identifies a non-AP STA that is triggered to switch from a first capability mode to a second capability mode.

[0056] In the above embodiments, by setting a first subfield in the second field, it is possible to explicitly identify whether a non-AP STA attached to the non-AP MLD switches to the second capability mode, thereby precisely controlling the state switching of the non-AP STA. This design helps optimize the power consumption management of the device, ensures communication efficiency and stability in different capability modes, and improves the overall performance of the system.

[0057] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, after transmitting the first wireless frame, the method further includes:

[0058] Receive a second radio frame; the second radio frame indicates whether the non-AP STA has completed the switch from the first capability mode to the second capability mode.

[0059] In the above embodiments, by receiving a second wireless frame after sending the first wireless frame, it is possible to confirm in real time whether the non-AP STA has successfully switched from the first capability mode to the second capability mode. This mechanism ensures the accuracy and timeliness of device state switching, thereby optimizing power management and improving data transmission efficiency and stability in multi-link communication.

[0060] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the first wireless frame includes at least one of the following:

[0061] Multi-user request sending triggers MU-RTS frames, block feedback request (BAR) frames, and buffer status report polling triggers BSRP frames.

[0062] In the above embodiments, by including a MU-RTS frame, a BAR frame, or a BSRP frame in the first wireless frame, multi-user communication and flexible data scheduling can be effectively supported. This design enables the device to manage data transmission more accurately and improve multi-user concurrent processing capabilities.

[0063] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the operating mode of the first link includes at least one of the following:

[0064] Enhanced multi-link single-radio EMLSR links and non-simultaneous transmit / receive NSTR links.

[0065] In the above embodiments, the embodiments disclosed herein are applicable to the state switching of non-AP STAs under EMLSR links or NSTR links, and meet the transmission requirements of EML mode or NSTR mode.

[0066] Secondly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a communication method, the method comprising:

[0067] A non-AP STA attached to a non-AP MLD receives a first radio frame on the first link; the first radio frame is used to trigger one or more non-AP STAs attached to a non-AP MLD to switch from a first capability mode to a second capability mode;

[0068] The first capability mode and the second capability mode include at least one communication parameter; the value of the at least one communication parameter is higher in the second capability mode than in the first capability mode.

[0069] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the first wireless frame includes a first field and a second field;

[0070] The first field identifies: the first radio frame is used to trigger a non-AP STA to switch from the first capability mode to the second capability mode;

[0071] The second field identifier is the non-AP MLD corresponding to the AP.

[0072] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the second field includes a first subfield; the first subfield identifies a non-AP STA that is triggered to switch from a first capability mode to a second capability mode.

[0073] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, after receiving the first radio frame, the method further includes:

[0074] A second radio frame is determined; the second radio frame indicates whether the non-AP STA has completed the switch from the first capability mode to the second capability mode;

[0075] Under the first link, the second wireless frame is transmitted.

[0076] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments,

[0077] The operating mode of the first link includes at least one of the following:

[0078] EMLSR link, NSTR link.

[0079] Thirdly, embodiments of this disclosure also provide a communication device, which is an access point (AP), and the AP includes at least one of a determining module and a sending module; wherein the AP is used to execute the optional implementation of the first aspect.

[0080] Fourthly, embodiments of this disclosure also provide a communication device, which is a non-AP STA, including: a receiving module; wherein the non-AP STA is used to perform an optional implementation of the second aspect.

[0081] Fifthly, embodiments of this disclosure also provide a communication device, which is an access point (AP), comprising:

[0082] One or more processors;

[0083] The AP is used to execute an optional implementation of the first aspect.

[0084] Sixthly, embodiments of this disclosure also provide a communication device, which is a non-AP STA, comprising:

[0085] One or more processors;

[0086] The non-AP STA is used to implement the optional approach of the second aspect.

[0087] In a seventh aspect, embodiments of this disclosure also provide a communication system, including an AP and a non-AP STA;

[0088] Wherein, the AP attached to the AP MLD determines the first radio frame; the first radio frame is used to trigger one or more non-AP STAs attached to the non-AP MLD to switch from a first capability mode to a second capability mode; the first radio frame is transmitted under the first link; wherein the first capability mode and the second capability mode include at least one communication parameter; the parameter value of the at least one communication parameter is higher in the second capability mode than in the first capability mode;

[0089] A non-AP STA attached to a non-AP MLD receives a first radio frame on the first link; the first radio frame is used to trigger one or more non-AP STAs attached to a non-AP MLD to switch from a first capability mode to a second capability mode;

[0090] The first capability mode and the second capability mode include at least one communication parameter; the value of the at least one communication parameter is higher in the second capability mode than in the first capability mode.

[0091] Eighthly, embodiments of this disclosure also provide a storage medium storing instructions that, when executed on a communication device, cause the communication device to perform the optional implementations described in the first and second aspects.

[0092] Ninthly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a program product that, when executed by a communication device, causes the communication device to perform the method as described in the optional implementations of the first and second aspects.

[0093] In a tenth aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a computer program that, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform the methods described in the optional implementations of the first and second aspects.

[0094] Eleventhly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a chip or chip system. The chip or chip system includes processing circuitry configured to perform the methods described according to optional implementations of the first and second aspects above.

[0095] It is understood that the aforementioned AP MLD, non-AP STA, communication system, storage medium, program product, computer program, chip, or chip system are all used to perform the methods proposed in the embodiments of this disclosure. Therefore, the beneficial effects that can be achieved can be referred to the beneficial effects in the corresponding methods, and will not be repeated here.

[0096] This disclosure provides communication methods, communication devices, and communication systems. In some embodiments, the terms "communication method" and "signal transmission method," "wireless frame transmission method," etc., can be used interchangeably, as can the terms "information processing system" and "communication system."

[0097] This disclosure is not exhaustive, but merely illustrative of some embodiments, and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this disclosure. Unless otherwise specified, each step in a particular embodiment can be implemented as an independent embodiment, and the steps can be arbitrarily combined. For example, a solution after removing some steps in a particular embodiment can also be implemented as an independent embodiment, and the order of the steps in a particular embodiment can be arbitrarily interchanged. Furthermore, the optional implementation methods in a particular embodiment can be arbitrarily combined; moreover, the embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, for example, some or all steps of different embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, and a particular embodiment can be arbitrarily combined with the optional implementation methods of other embodiments.

[0098] In each of the disclosed embodiments, unless otherwise specified or in case of logical conflict, the terminology and / or descriptions of the embodiments are consistent and can be referenced by each other. Technical features in different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments based on their inherent logical relationships.

[0099] The terminology used in the embodiments of this disclosure is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of this disclosure.

[0100] In the embodiments disclosed herein, "multiple" refers to two or more.

[0101] In some embodiments, the terms “at least one of A or B, at least one of A and B”, “one or more”, “a plurality of”, “multiple”, etc., may be used interchangeably.

[0102] In some embodiments, the notation "at least one of A and B", "A and / or B", "A in one case, B in another", "in response to one case A, in response to another case B", etc., may include the following technical solutions depending on the situation: in some embodiments, A (execute A regardless of whether there is a branch B); in some embodiments, B (execute B regardless of whether there is a branch A); in some embodiments, execution is selected from A and B (A and B are selectively executed); in some embodiments, both A and B are executed. The same applies when there are more branches such as A, B, C, etc.

[0103] In some embodiments, the notation "A or B" may include the following technical solutions, depending on the situation: in some embodiments, A (execute A regardless of whether a branch B exists); in some embodiments, B (execute B regardless of whether a branch A exists); in some embodiments, execution is selected from A and B (A and B are selectively executed). The same applies when there are more branches such as A, B, and C.

[0104] The prefixes "first," "second," etc., used in the embodiments of this disclosure are merely for distinguishing different descriptive objects and do not impose restrictions on the position, order, priority, quantity, or content of the descriptive objects. The description of the descriptive objects is found in the claims or the context of the embodiments, and the use of prefixes should not constitute unnecessary restrictions. For example, if the descriptive object is a "field," the ordinal numbers preceding "field" in "first field" and "second field" do not restrict the position or order of the "fields." "First" and "second" do not restrict whether the "fields" they modify are in the same message, nor do they restrict the order of "first field" and "second field." Similarly, if the descriptive object is a "level," the ordinal numbers preceding "level" in "first level" and "second level" do not restrict the priority between "levels." Furthermore, the number of descriptive objects is not limited by ordinal numbers and can be one or more. For example, in "first device," the number of "devices" can be one or more. Furthermore, the objects modified by different prefixes can be the same or different. For example, if the object being described is "device", then "first device" and "second device" can be the same device or different devices, and their types can be the same or different. Similarly, if the object being described is "information", then "first information" and "second information" can be the same information or different information, and their content can be the same or different.

[0105] In some embodiments, “including A,” “containing A,” “for indicating A,” and “carrying A” can be interpreted as directly carrying A or indirectly indicating A.

[0106] In some embodiments, terms such as "time / frequency" and "time-frequency domain" refer to the time domain and / or frequency domain.

[0107] In some embodiments, terms such as “in response to…”, “in response to determining…”, “in the case of…”, “when…”, “when…”, “if…”, etc. can be used interchangeably. These descriptions all refer to the device making a corresponding action under certain objective circumstances. They do not necessarily limit the time, nor do they require the device to make a judgment action when implementing it, nor do they mean that there must be other limitations.

[0108] In some embodiments, the terms “greater than,” “greater than or equal to,” “not less than,” “more than,” “more than or equal to,” “not less than,” “higher than,” “higher than or equal to,” “not lower than,” and “above” can be used interchangeably, as can the terms “less than,” “less than or equal to,” “not greater than,” “less than,” “less than or equal to,” “not more than,” “lower than,” “lower than or equal to,” “not higher than,” and “below”.

[0109] In some embodiments, devices, etc., may be interpreted as physical or virtual, and their names are not limited to those described in the embodiments. Terms such as “device,” “equipment,” “circuit,” “network element,” “network function,” “network device,” “function,” “node,” “unit,” “section,” “system,” “network,” “chip,” “chip system,” “entity,” and “subject” are interchangeable.

[0110] In some embodiments, "network" can be interpreted as devices included in a network (e.g., access network devices, core network devices, etc.).

[0111] In addition, terms such as "uplink" and "downlink" can be replaced with terms corresponding to inter-terminal communication (e.g., "side"). For example, uplink channel and downlink channel can be replaced with side channel, and uplink link and downlink link can be replaced with side link.

[0112] In some embodiments, the acquisition of data, information, etc., may comply with the laws and regulations of the country where the location is situated.

[0113] In some embodiments, data, information, etc., may be obtained with the user's consent.

[0114] Furthermore, each element, each row, or each column in the table of this disclosure can be implemented as an independent embodiment, and any combination of any element, any row, or any column can also be implemented as an independent embodiment.

[0115] In this disclosure, a device that simultaneously supports multiple links is referred to as a multi-link device (MLD), and the internal entity responsible for any one link is referred to as a station (STA). If all STAs within an MLD are Access Point devices (APs), it can be further referred to as an Access Point Multi-Link Device (AP MLD); if all STAs within an MLD are affiliated multi-link station devices (non-Access Point Stations, non-AP STAs), it can be further referred to as a multi-link station device (non-Access Point Multi-Link Device, non-AP MLD). In other words, an MLD includes one or more affiliated stations (STAs), which are logical stations that can operate on a single link, a single frequency band, or a single channel. The affiliated station can be an AP or a non-AP STA. In this disclosure, an MLD whose affiliated station is an AP is referred to as an Access Point Multi-Link Device (AP MLD), and a multi-link device whose affiliated station is a non-AP STA is referred to as a non-AP MLD. In this embodiment of the disclosure, "link" can represent a connection or link; in various embodiments, the terms "connection" and "link" can be used interchangeably.

[0116] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0117] As shown in Figure 1, the communication system 100 includes an AP 101 and a non-AP STA 102.

[0118] In some embodiments, the non-AP STA 102 may include, for example, a wireless communication chip, a wireless sensor, or a wireless communication terminal that supports Wi-Fi communication. Optionally, the wireless communication terminal may be at least one of, but is not limited to, a mobile phone, a wearable device, an IoT device that supports Wi-Fi communication, a car with Wi-Fi communication capabilities, a smart car, a tablet computer, a computer with wireless transceiver capabilities, a virtual reality (VR) terminal device, an augmented reality (AR) terminal device, a wireless terminal device in industrial control, a wireless terminal device in self-driving, a wireless terminal device in remote medical surgery, a wireless terminal device in a smart grid, a wireless terminal device in transportation safety, a wireless terminal device in a smart city, or a wireless terminal device in a smart home.

[0119] Specifically, the non-AP STA 102 can be a terminal device or network device with a Wi-Fi chip. Optionally, the non-AP STA 102 can support various WLAN standards such as 802.11ax, 802.11be, 802.11ac, 802.11n, 802.11g, 802.11b, 802.11a, 802.11bf, and 802.11bn, as well as the next-generation 802.11 protocol, but is not limited to these.

[0120] In some embodiments, AP101 can be an access point for mobile terminals to access a wired network. An AP acts as a bridge connecting wired and wireless networks, its main function being to connect various wireless network clients together and then connect the wireless network to the Ethernet. Specifically, an AP can be a terminal device or network device with a Wi-Fi chip. Optionally, the AP can support various WLAN standards such as 802.11ax, 802.11be, 802.11ac, 802.11n, 802.11g, 802.11b, 802.11a, 802.11bf, and 802.11bn, as well as the next-generation 802.11 protocol, but is not limited to these.

[0121] Optionally, in this embodiment of the disclosure, the AP and STA can be devices that support multiple links, for example, they can be represented as AP MLD and non-AP MLD, respectively; AP MLD can represent an access point that supports multi-link communication functions, and non-AP MLD can represent a station that supports multi-link communication functions. For example, in this embodiment of the disclosure, AP MLD determines a first radio frame, which is used to trigger one or more non-AP STAs attached to non-AP MLD to switch from a first capability mode to a second capability mode; AP MLD sends the first radio frame to non-AP MLD under the first link; non-AP MLD receives the first radio frame under the first link.

[0122] It is understood that the communication system described in this disclosure is for the purpose of more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of this disclosure, and does not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions proposed in this disclosure. As those skilled in the art will know, with the evolution of system architecture and the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solutions proposed in this disclosure are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0123] The following embodiments of this disclosure can be applied to the communication system 100 shown in FIG1, or to some of the main bodies, but are not limited thereto. The main bodies shown in FIG1 are illustrative. The communication system may include all or some of the main bodies in FIG1, or may include other main bodies outside of FIG1. ​​The number and form of each main body are arbitrary. Each main body may be physical or virtual. The connection relationship between the main bodies is illustrative. The main bodies may not be connected or may be connected. The connection can be in any way, it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection, it can be a wired connection or a wireless connection.

[0124] The embodiments disclosed herein can be applied to Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs), such as LANs using the 802.11 series of protocols. In a WLAN, a Basic Service Set (BSS) is a fundamental component. An BSS network consists of site devices with some association within a specific coverage area. One type of association is where sites communicate directly with each other in a self-organizing network; this is called an Independent Basic Service Set (IBSS). Another more common scenario is that in a BSS network, there is only one central site dedicated to managing the BSS, called the Access Point (AP) device, and all other STAs in the network are associated with it. Other sites in the BSS network that are not the central site are called terminals, also known as non-AP STAs; terminals and non-AP STAs are collectively referred to as STAs. When describing STAs, it is not necessary to distinguish between terminals and non-AP STAs. Within the same BSS network, due to distance, transmission power, etc., a STA cannot detect other STAs that are far away; they are each other's hidden nodes.

[0125] Referring to Figure 2, AP MLD 103 may include three auxiliary APs, namely AP1, AP2 and AP3 as shown in Figure 2; each AP may operate on Link1, Link2 and Link3 respectively; non-AP MLD 104 may also include three auxiliary STAs, namely non-AP STA1, non-AP STA2 and non-AP STA3 as shown in Figure 2; non-AP STA1 operates on Link1, non-AP STA2 operates on Link2 and non-AP STA3 operates on Link3.

[0126] For ease of description, the following primarily describes an example of one AP communicating with one STA under multiple links; however, the exemplary embodiments of this disclosure are not limited thereto. In the example of Figure 2, it is assumed that AP1 communicates with non-AP STA1 via the corresponding first link Link1, similarly, AP2 communicates with non-AP STA2 via the corresponding second link Link2, and AP3 communicates with non-AP STA3 via the third link Link3. Furthermore, Links 1 to 3 can be multiple links at different frequencies, for example, links at 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, and 6 GHz, or several links with the same or different bandwidths at 2.4 GHz. Additionally, multiple channels can exist under each link. It is understood that the communication scenario shown in Figure 2 is merely exemplary, and the concept of this disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, AP MLD 103 can link to multiple non-AP MLD 104, or under each link, the AP can communicate with multiple other types of stations. In the embodiments of this disclosure, "link" can represent a connection or link; in various embodiments, "connection" and "link" can be used interchangeably.

[0127] The above briefly introduces the system structure of the embodiments of this disclosure. In order to better understand the technical solution of this disclosure, the following briefly introduces some contents related to this disclosure.

[0128] I. Multi-Link Operation (MLO)

[0129] In Extremely High Throughput (EHT) scenarios, Multi-Link Operation (MLO) is a key technology. Its core idea is to enable devices to communicate in parallel across multiple links or multiple frequency bands. These multiple frequency bands include, but are not limited to, the 2.4GHz Wi-Fi band, the 5GHz Wi-Fi band, and the 6GHz Wi-Fi band. With MLO technology, multiple links can be established across frequency bands between the AP MLD and non-AP MLD, thereby significantly improving throughput.

[0130] II. Spatial Stream and Antenna

[0131] In a Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) communication system, a spatial stream refers to an independent data stream transmitted simultaneously by multiple antenna links. The introduction of spatial streams allows multiple data streams to be transmitted within the same frequency band at the same time, thereby improving data transmission rate and overall network throughput. Each spatial stream can be viewed as an independent signal path; therefore, in MIMO devices, if multiple spatial streams are supported, data can be transmitted and received in parallel on multiple links, resulting in more efficient transmission. In some embodiments, "spatial stream" and "antenna" can be used interchangeably.

[0132] III. Enhanced Multi-link Single Radio (EMLSR) and Enhanced Multi-link Multi-Radio (EMLMR)

[0133] A non-AP MLD only has single radio transceiver capability, but in order to enable it to take advantage of multi-link, this disclosure introduces an enhanced multi-link (EML) mode for non-AP MLD, including single radio EMLSR mode and multi-radio EMLMR mode.

[0134] Among them, non-AP MLDs supporting EMLSR can simultaneously enter listening and receiving operations on multiple links. When a non-AP MLD is in EML mode, it only listens to the channel and receives initial control frames (ICFs) sent by AP MLDs in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (physical protocol data unit) type or non-high throughput repetitive PPDU type. The initial control frame can be a multi-user request to send (MU-RTS) trigger frame or a buffer status report poll (BSRP) trigger frame. After a non-AP MLD and its associated AP MLD request to enter EML mode, the non-AP STA belonging to the non-AP MLD and identified as being in EML mode enters active mode or wake-up mode. The system listens for and receives ICF frames sent by the AP MLD. Non-AP STAs belonging to the non-AP MLD but not identified as being on the EML mode link enter a doze mode and cannot send or receive Wake-Up Radio PPDUs (WUR PPDUs). When the AP MLD successfully sends an ICF frame to the non-AP MLD on the EML mode link, the non-AP MLD can switch all spatial streams on all links to the EML mode link for frame exchange with the AP MLD. At this time, there are multiple spatial streams / antennas on the EML mode link. After the frame exchange ends, the non-AP MLD switches the spatial streams on the EML mode link back to their respective links and returns to the listening operation.

[0135] IV. Spatial Multiplexing Power Save (SMPS)

[0136] In Ultra High Reliability (UHR) systems, this disclosure proposes a method to reduce packet reception space flow through SM PS technology, thereby saving device power. SM PS allows a non-AP STA to maintain only one active receive chain, typically using a single antenna to receive signals. It is understood that the SM PS function is suitable for single-link devices, where multiple receive chains can exist on a single link. When a non-AP STA receives an initial frame from the AP, its other receive chains open and multiple antennas are used for frame interaction with the AP. After frame interaction ends, the non-AP STA switches back to single-receive-chain mode. However, SM PS cannot operate in EMLSR modes of 802.11be and above.

[0137] To address the issue that SM PS rules are inapplicable to EMLSR mode, this disclosure provides a Dynamic Power Save (DPS) mode. Specifically, the DPS mode allows non-AP STAs to dynamically adjust their operating state within EMLSR mode, entering either a Low Capability (LC) mode or a High Capabilities (HC) mode. In LC mode, the STA can maintain a single spatial stream, 20MHz bandwidth, and a low-rate modulation and coding scheme (MCS) for transmission and reception to minimize power consumption. In HC mode, at least one communication parameter is higher than in LC mode. The High Capabilities mode can also be referred to as Full Capabilities mode. The DPS mode provided in this disclosure supports multi-link parallel communication within EMLSR mode, allowing the device to maintain a low-power state while avoiding multi-link communication conflicts caused by SM PS. This disclosure, through the definition of DPS, can solve the problem that the rules of SM PS are not applicable to EMLSR and thus determine the rules for spatial flow switching in EMLSR and. It also enables the AP to serve other STAs simultaneously when serving STAs in EMLSR mode, enabling multi-user communication and further improving communication efficiency.

[0138] The technical solutions provided in this disclosure will now be described in detail with reference to more accompanying drawings.

[0139] The technical solutions provided in this disclosure are illustrated through multiple embodiments, as detailed in the following description. It is understood that the technical solutions described in the various embodiments of this disclosure can be combined in any way to form new embodiments, and the same or similar parts of the concepts or solutions involved can be referenced or combined with each other. The various embodiments are described in detail below.

[0140] Optionally, the AP in this embodiment is the AP 101 shown in FIG1. ​​In some embodiments, the site in this embodiment can be either a single-link device or a non-AP STA 102 in the non-AP MLD shown in FIG1. ​​The non-AP MLD 103 in this embodiment can be connected to one or more non-AP MLDs 104, and this embodiment does not impose any limitations. In some embodiments, the AP 101 in this embodiment can be either a single-link device or one of the APs in the AP MLD 103, and this embodiment does not impose any limitations.

[0141] Figure 3 is one of the interactive schematic diagrams of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 3, the method includes:

[0142] Step 301, AP 101 attached to AP MLD determines a first radio frame; the first radio frame is used to trigger one or more non-AP STA 102 attached to non-AP MLD to switch from a first capability mode to a second capability mode.

[0143] In UHR, power saving (PS) is a key research focus. Therefore, this disclosure proposes a Dynamic Power Save (DPS) mode. In DPS mode, the device can have multiple capability modes (or communication capability modes). Each capability mode includes at least one communication parameter, and at least one communication parameter can be different in different capability modes. These communication parameters include, but are not limited to, spatial stream number, bandwidth (BW), and modulation and coding scheme (MCS). For ease of explanation, this disclosure will subsequently use a non-AP STA with two capability modes as an example; however, this does not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of this disclosure.

[0144] In this mode, at least one communication parameter value is higher in the second capability mode than in the first capability mode. The first capability mode is, for example, a low capability mode (LC), also known as a low-power or low-capacity mode. Communication parameters in the first capability mode can be: a basic bandwidth of 20MHz, a spatial stream count of 1, and an MCS mode from MCS0 to MCS6. The second capability mode is, for example, a high capability mode (HC), also known as a high-power, high-capacity, or full capability mode. Communication parameters in the second capability mode can be: a basic bandwidth of 20MHz or greater, a bandwidth of 40MHz, 80MHz, 160MHz, or 320MHz, a spatial stream count of 2 or greater, and an MCS mode from MCS6 to MCS14, etc.

[0145] In this embodiment of the disclosure, when an AP attached to an AP MLD needs to communicate with a non-AP STA in a first capability mode, the AP determines a first radio frame and triggers one or more non-AP STAs to switch from the first capability mode to a second capability mode via the first radio frame. The first radio frame may be an Initial Control Frame (ICF). The Initial Control Frame includes, but is not limited to, a Multi-User Request to Send (MU-RTS) trigger frame, a Buffer Status Report Poll (BSRP) trigger frame, and a Lock Ack Request (BAR) frame.

[0146] Step 302, AP 101 transmits the first radio frame under the first link.

[0147] In this embodiment, the first link includes, but is not limited to, Enhanced Multi-link Single Radio (EMLSR) and Non-Simultaneous Transmit and Receive (NSTR). In this embodiment, the AP attached to the AP MLD triggers one or more non-AP STAs attached to the non-AP MLD to switch from a first capability mode to a second capability mode by sending a first radio frame. This operation ensures that all non-AP STAs under the non-AP MLD have the same transmission capability and bandwidth, thus enabling data interaction within the same application bandwidth. Specifically, when all non-AP STAs are in the second capability mode, the non-AP MLD can switch the spatial streams of multiple links to the same link for data interaction. This capability enhancement makes data transmission smoother and further improves overall communication efficiency.

[0148] Similarly, when an AP MLD establishes an NSTR link with a non-AP MLD and needs to be woken up for data transmission, the AP attached to the AP MLD must first send a first radio frame to trigger the non-AP STA and switch it from the first capability mode to the second capability mode. NSTR mode means that devices cannot simultaneously send and receive data on the same link. Therefore, ensuring that the relevant non-AP STAs are in the second capability mode before data interaction is crucial. Only when all relevant non-AP STAs are in the second capability mode can the AP MLD successfully transmit data with the non-AP MLD, thereby effectively improving the required communication functionality.

[0149] In this embodiment, the AP attached to the AP MLD sends the first radio frame on the first link. This first radio frame triggers one or more non-AP STAs attached to the non-AP MLD to switch from a first capability mode to a second capability mode. This improves power saving while meeting the requirements of EMLSR or NSTR operations. It ensures that all related devices have the same transmission capacity and bandwidth after switching to the second capability mode. For example, in EMLSR mode, the non-AP MLD can concentrate the spatial streams of multiple links onto the same link for transmission. In NSTR mode, after ensuring that all non-AP STAs are in the second capability state, the AP MLD can smoothly exchange data with the non-AP MLD. Thus, this embodiment reduces device power consumption while ensuring efficient communication, meeting UHR transmission requirements.

[0150] Step 303: Non-AP STA 102 receives the first radio frame under the first link, and all non-AP STAs under the non-AP MLD switch from the first capability mode to the second capability mode.

[0151] In this embodiment, after a non-AP STA receives the first radio frame sent by an AP attached to the AP MLD, one or more non-AP STAs attached to the non-AP MLD switch from a first capability mode to a second capability mode. This capability mode switching enables the device to have higher transmission capabilities and bandwidth, providing a foundation for subsequent data transmission. In this way, each non-AP STA attached to the non-AP MLD can communicate efficiently under the same conditions, avoiding data transmission delays or failures caused by inconsistent capabilities, and achieving fast and stable data transmission while saving power, thus ensuring efficient network operation.

[0152] Step 304, non-AP STA 102 determines the second radio frame; the second radio frame indicates whether the non-AP STA 102 has completed the switch from the first capability mode to the second capability mode.

[0153] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the second radio frame may be an Initial Control Frame Response (ICF Response). The non-AP STA determines the second radio frame after completing the capability switch; wherein, the second radio frame is used to identify that the non-AP STA has completed the switch from the first capability mode to the second capability mode, indicating that the non-AP STA is ready for subsequent data transmission. This confirmation mechanism ensures the consistency of the state of all devices, avoiding communication problems caused by different states.

[0154] Step 305, non-AP STA 102 transmits the second radio frame under the first link.

[0155] In this embodiment, the non-AP STA transmits a second radio frame under the first link to indicate that the non-AP STA has successfully switched to the second capability mode and is ready to transmit data. This step ensures the smoothness of the communication process, making data interaction more efficient and stable.

[0156] Step 306: AP 101 receives the second radio frame under the first link.

[0157] In this embodiment, the AP receives the second radio frame under the first link, thereby confirming that the non-AP STA has successfully switched to the second capability mode and is ready for data interaction. This step ensures that the communication state between the AP and the non-AP STA remains consistent, further improving the reliability and efficiency of data transmission.

[0158] In some embodiments, the names of information, etc., are not limited to the names described in the embodiments. Terms such as "information", "message", "signal", "signaling", "report", "configuration", "indication", "instruction", "command", "channel", "parameter", "domain", "field", "symbol", "symbol", "codebook", "codeword", "codepoint", "bit", "data", "program", and "chip" can be used interchangeably.

[0159] In some embodiments, terms such as “moment,” “point in time,” “time,” and “time location” can be used interchangeably, as can terms such as “duration,” “segment,” “time window,” “window,” and “time.”

[0160] In some embodiments, terms such as wireless access scheme and waveform can be used interchangeably.

[0161] In some embodiments, terms such as "certain," "preset," "default," "set," "indicated," "a certain," "any," and "first" can be used interchangeably. "Certain A," "preset A," "default A," "set A," "indicated A," "a certain A," "any A," and "first A" can be interpreted as A pre-defined in a protocol or the like, or as A obtained through setting, configuration, or instruction, or as specific A, a certain A, any A, or first A, but are not limited thereto.

[0162] In some embodiments, the determination or judgment can be made by a value represented by 1 bit (0 or 1), or by a true or false value (boolean), or by a comparison of numerical values ​​(e.g., a comparison with a predetermined value), but is not limited thereto.

[0163] In some embodiments, "not expecting to receive" can be interpreted as not receiving on time domain resources and / or frequency domain resources, or as not performing subsequent processing on the data after receiving it; "not expecting to send" can be interpreted as not sending, or as sending but not expecting the receiver to respond to the sent content.

[0164] The communication method involved in the embodiments of this disclosure may include at least one of steps 201 to 203. For example, step 201 may be implemented as an independent embodiment, step 202 may be implemented as an independent embodiment, and step 203 may be implemented as an independent embodiment; step 201 + step 202 may be implemented as an independent embodiment, and step 202 + step 203 may be implemented as an independent embodiment, but is not limited thereto.

[0165] In some embodiments, refer to the steps and their optional implementations in other embodiments described before or after this embodiment, as well as other related parts in the specification, which will not be repeated here.

[0166] Figure 4 is a second interactive schematic diagram of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 4, the embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a communication method, which includes:

[0167] Step 401: When the AP MLD is connected to a non-AP MLD, the AP 101 attached to the AP MLD determines a first radio frame; the first radio frame is used to trigger one or more non-AP STAs 102 attached to the non-AP MLD to switch from a first capability mode to a second capability mode.

[0168] In this embodiment of the disclosure, when an AP MLD is connected to a non-AP MLD and data transmission is required, the AP attached to the AP MLD determines a first radio frame and triggers one or more non-AP STAs under the non-AP MLD to switch from a first capability mode to a second capability mode through the first radio frame.

[0169] In some embodiments, the first wireless frame includes a first field and a second field;

[0170] The first field indicates that the first radio frame is used to trigger a non-AP STA to switch from a first capability mode to a second capability mode;

[0171] The second field identifies the non-AP MLD corresponding to the access point device AP attached to the AP MLD.

[0172] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the first field includes a Common info field. In some embodiments, the Common info field includes a power saving mode subfield; the power saving mode subfield is used to identify whether the first radio frame is used to trigger one or more non-AP STAs to switch from the first capability mode to the second capability mode. In some embodiments, the parameter value of the power saving mode subfield is set to "0", indicating that the first radio frame is not used to trigger one or more non-AP STAs to switch from the first capability mode to the second capability mode, in which case the first radio frame retains the functionality of the original frame; the parameter value of the power saving mode subfield is set to "1", indicating that the first radio frame is used to trigger one or more non-AP STAs to switch from the first capability mode to the second capability mode.

[0173] In this embodiment of the disclosure, by setting a first field and a second field in the first radio frame, the capability mode switching of a non-AP STA in multi-link communication can be effectively indicated and controlled. The first field clearly identifies whether the first radio frame is used to trigger a non-AP STA; the second field provides information about the non-AP MLD that needs to be woken up. This design not only optimizes the energy efficiency of the device but also ensures the stability and reliability of high-throughput communication, improving the overall system performance.

[0174] In some embodiments, the second field includes a first subfield; the first subfield identifies a non-AP STA that has been triggered to switch from a first capability mode to a second capability mode.

[0175] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the second field includes a user info field, which identifies the user information of the non-AP MLD corresponding to the AP attached to the AP MLD. In some embodiments, one user info field corresponds to one non-AP MLD connected to an AP MLD. In this embodiment of the disclosure, the AP MLD is connected to one non-AP MLD, and the number of user info fields is "1". The first subfield includes a bitmap subfield. In some embodiments, different positions in the bitmap subfield identify different non-AP STAs. For example, the "i"th position in the bitmap represents the STA ID corresponding to the non-AP MLD. If the parameter value at the "i"th position is set to "1", it indicates that the corresponding STA needs to switch to the second capability mode; if the parameter value at the "i"th position is set to "0", it indicates that the corresponding STA does not switch capability modes. Thus, the first subfield of the second field can clearly indicate whether each non-AP STA is switching capability modes, which helps to effectively manage device switching.

[0176] In some embodiments, the first wireless frame further includes a third field;

[0177] The third field indicates the time required for the non-AP STA to switch from the first capability mode to the second capability mode.

[0178] In this embodiment, the third field includes a padding field that identifies the duration required for the non-AP STA to switch from the first capability mode to the second capability mode, including the duration required for spatial stream and bandwidth channel switching. By providing the required duration information, the system can ensure that no data loss or communication interruption occurs during the state transition, thereby improving the smoothness of the handover and overall communication efficiency. This design helps maintain a stable connection in dynamic network environments and ensures efficient data transmission.

[0179] Step 402, AP 101 transmits the first radio frame under the first link.

[0180] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the first link includes, but is not limited to, an EMLSR link and an NSTR link. In this embodiment of the disclosure, the AP wakes up one or more non-AP STAs attached to the non-AP MLD by sending a first radio frame to switch from a first capability mode to a second capability mode. This operation ensures that all non-AP STAs under the non-AP MLD have the same transmission capabilities and bandwidth, thereby enabling data interaction under the same application bandwidth.

[0181] For example, an AP MLD connects to a non-AP MLD and needs to transmit data. The non-AP MLD includes three non-AP STAs: non-AP STA1, non-AP STA2, and non-AP STA3. Non-AP STA1 and non-AP STA3 are in the first capability mode, while non-AP STA2 is in the second capability mode. The AP attached to the AP MLD sends a first radio frame on the first link. This first radio frame includes a Common Info field and a User Info field. In the Common Info field, the power-saving mode subfield's parameter value is set to "1," indicating that the first radio frame triggers a capability mode switch. In the User Info field, the Bitmap subfield's parameter value at position "0" is set to "1," at position "1" is set to "0," and at position "2" is set to "1," collectively indicating that two non-AP STAs attached to the non-AP MLD need to trigger a capability mode switch: non-AP STA1 and non-AP STA3. Specifically, non-AP STA2 does not require a capability mode switch as indicated by the Bitmap subfield. After non-AP STA1 and non-AP STA3 switch to the second capability mode, the non-AP MLD can perform EMLSR or NSTR operations with the non-AP MLD under the first link.

[0182] Step 403: Non-AP STA 102 receives the first radio frame under the first link, and all non-AP STAs under the non-AP MLD switch from the first capability mode to the second capability mode.

[0183] In this embodiment, after a non-AP STA receives the first radio frame sent by the AP, all non-AP STAs attached to the non-AP MLD switch from the first capability mode to the second capability mode. This switch means that the device now has higher transmission capabilities and bandwidth, laying a good foundation for subsequent data interaction. In this way, all relevant devices can communicate efficiently under the same conditions, avoiding data transmission delays or failures caused by inconsistent capabilities, and achieving fast and stable data transmission while saving power, ensuring efficient network operation.

[0184] The communication method involved in the embodiments of this disclosure may include at least one of steps 401 to 403. For example, step 401 may be implemented as an independent embodiment, step 402 may be implemented as an independent embodiment, and step 403 may be implemented as an independent embodiment; step 401 + step 402 may be implemented as an independent embodiment, and step 402 + step 403 may be implemented as an independent embodiment, but is not limited thereto.

[0185] In some embodiments, the steps and their optional implementations in other embodiments described before or after this embodiment, as well as other related parts in the specification, can be referred to, and will not be repeated here.

[0186] Figure 5 is a third interactive schematic diagram of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 5, the embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a communication method, which includes:

[0187] Step 501: When at least two non-AP MLDs are connected, the AP attached to the AP MLD determines a first radio frame; the first radio frame is used to trigger one or more non-AP STA 102 attached to the non-AP MLD to switch from a first capability mode to a second capability mode.

[0188] In this embodiment of the disclosure, when the AP MLD is connected to at least two non-AP MLDs and data transmission is required, the AP attached to the AP MLD determines a first radio frame and wakes up one or more non-AP STAs under each non-AP MLD to switch from a first capability mode to a second capability mode through the first radio frame.

[0189] In some embodiments, the first wireless frame includes a first field and a second field;

[0190] The first field indicates that the first radio frame is used to trigger a non-AP STA to switch from a first capability mode to a second capability mode;

[0191] The second field identifies the non-AP MLD corresponding to the AP.

[0192] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the first field includes a Common info field, which includes a power saving mode subfield. The power saving mode subfield is used to identify whether the first radio frame is used to wake up one or more non-AP STAs from the first capability mode to the second capability mode.

[0193] In some embodiments, the second field includes a first subfield; the first subfield identifies a non-AP STA that has been triggered to switch from a first capability mode to a second capability mode.

[0194] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the second field includes a User info field, which identifies user information of the non-AP MLD corresponding to the access point device (AP) attached to the AP MLD. In some embodiments, one User info field corresponds to one non-AP MLD connected to one AP MLD. In this embodiment of the disclosure, the AP MLD is connected to at least two non-AP MLDs, and the number of User info fields is set according to the number of non-AP MLDs. The first subfield includes a Bitmap subfield. In some embodiments, different positions in the Bitmap subfield identify different non-AP STAs. For example, the "i"th position in the Bitmap represents the STA ID corresponding to the non-AP MLD.

[0195] In some embodiments, the first wireless frame further includes a third field;

[0196] The third field indicates the time required for the non-AP STA to switch from the first capability mode to the second capability mode.

[0197] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the third field includes a padding field, which identifies the time required for the non-AP STA to switch from the first capability mode to the second capability mode, including the time required for spatial stream and bandwidth channel switching.

[0198] Step 502, AP 101 sends the first radio frame under the first link.

[0199] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the first link includes, but is not limited to, an EMLSR link and an NSTR link. In this embodiment of the disclosure, the AP wakes up one or more non-AP STAs attached to the non-AP MLD by sending a first radio frame to switch from a first capability mode to a second capability mode. This operation ensures that all non-AP STAs under the non-AP MLD have the same transmission capabilities and bandwidth, thereby enabling data interaction under the same application bandwidth.

[0200] For example, an AP MLD connects to two non-AP MLDs, namely non-AP MLD1 and non-AP MLD2. Non-AP MLD1 includes two non-AP STAs, namely non-AP STA11 and non-AP STA12; non-AP MLD2 includes two non-AP STAs, non-AP STA21 and non-AP STA22. Non-AP STA11, non-AP STA12, and non-AP STA21 are in a first capability mode; non-AP STA22 is in a second capability mode. If the AP MLD needs to transmit data with a non-AP MLD, the AP attached to the AP MLD sends a first radio frame on the first link. The first radio frame includes a Common Info field and two User Info fields. The power-saving mode subfield of the Common Info field is set to "1", indicating that the first radio frame triggers a capability mode switch. Each User Info field corresponds to one non-AP MLD; the first User Info field corresponds to non-AP MLD1, and the second User Info field corresponds to non-AP MLD2. The first User Info field includes a Bitmap subfield. The parameter value at position "0" of the Bitmap subfield is set to "1", and the parameter value at position "1" is also set to "1". This indicates that both non-AP STA11 and non-AP STA12, which identify non-AP MLD1, need to trigger a capability mode switch, i.e., switch from the first capability mode to the second capability mode. The second User Info field also includes a Bitmap subfield. The parameter value at position "0" of the Bitmap subfield is set to "1", and the parameter value at position "1" is set to "0". This indicates that non-AP STA21, which identifies non-AP MLD2, needs to trigger a capability mode switch, while non-AP STA22 does not. Therefore, only non-AP STA21 needs to be switched from the first capability mode to the second capability mode. After non-AP STA11, non-AP STA12, and non-AP STA21 have all switched to the second capability mode, the non-AP MLD can perform EMLSR or NSTR operations with non-AP MLD1 and non-AP MLD2 on the first link.

[0201] Step 503: Non-AP STA 102 receives the first radio frame under the first link, and all non-AP STAs under each non-AP MLD switch from the first capability mode to the second capability mode.

[0202] In this embodiment, after a non-AP STA receives the first radio frame sent by the AP, all non-AP STAs attached to the non-AP MLD switch from the first capability mode to the second capability mode. This switch means that the device now has higher transmission capabilities and bandwidth, laying a good foundation for subsequent data interaction. In this way, all relevant devices can communicate efficiently under the same conditions, avoiding data transmission delays or failures caused by inconsistent capabilities, and achieving fast and stable data transmission while saving power, ensuring efficient network operation.

[0203] The communication method involved in the embodiments of this disclosure may include at least one of steps 501 to 503. For example, step 501 may be implemented as an independent embodiment, step 502 may be implemented as an independent embodiment, and step 503 may be implemented as an independent embodiment; step 501 + step 502 may be implemented as an independent embodiment, and step 502 + step 503 may be implemented as an independent embodiment, but is not limited thereto.

[0204] In some embodiments, the steps and their optional implementations in other embodiments described before or after this embodiment, as well as other related parts in the specification, can be referred to, and will not be repeated here.

[0205] Figure 6 is a schematic flowchart of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0206] As shown in Figure 6, the above method can be applied to AP 101, and the method includes:

[0207] Step 601: The AP attached to the multi-link access point device (AP MLD) determines the first radio frame; the first radio frame is used to trigger one or more attached multi-link site devices (non-AP STAs) attached to the multi-link site device (non-AP MLD) to switch from the first capability mode to the second capability mode.

[0208] Step 602: Send the first wireless frame under the first link;

[0209] The first capability mode and the second capability mode include at least one communication parameter; the value of the at least one communication parameter is higher in the second capability mode than in the first capability mode.

[0210] Optionally, in this embodiment of the disclosure, the first wireless frame includes a first field and a second field;

[0211] The first field indicates that the first radio frame is used to trigger a non-AP STA to switch from a first capability mode to a second capability mode;

[0212] The second field identifies the non-AP MLD corresponding to the AP.

[0213] Optionally, in this embodiment of the disclosure, the second field includes a first subfield; the first subfield identifies a non-AP STA that has been triggered to switch from a first capability mode to a second capability mode.

[0214] Step 603: Receive a second radio frame; the second radio frame indicates whether the non-AP STA has completed the switch from the first capability mode to the second capability mode.

[0215] Optionally, in this embodiment of the disclosure, the first wireless frame includes at least one of the following:

[0216] Multi-user request sending triggers MU-RTS frames, block feedback request (BAR) frames, and buffer status report polling triggers BSRP frames.

[0217] Optionally, in this embodiment of the disclosure, the operating mode of the first link includes at least one of the following:

[0218] Enhanced multi-link single-radio EMLSR links and non-simultaneous transmit / receive NSTR links.

[0219] The communication method involved in the embodiments of this disclosure may include at least one of steps 601 to 603. For example, step 601 may be implemented as an independent embodiment, step 602 may be implemented as an independent embodiment, and step 603 may be implemented as an independent embodiment; step 601 + step 602 may be implemented as an independent embodiment, and step 602 + step 603 may be implemented as an independent embodiment, but is not limited thereto.

[0220] In some embodiments, the steps and their optional implementations in other embodiments described before or after this embodiment, as well as other related parts in the specification, can be referred to, and will not be repeated here.

[0221] Figure 7 is a second schematic flowchart illustrating a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0222] As shown in Figure 7, the above method can be applied to non-AP STA 102, and the method includes:

[0223] Step 701: A non-AP STA attached to a non-AP MLD receives a first radio frame on the first link; the first radio frame is used to trigger one or more non-AP STAs attached to a non-AP MLD to switch from a first capability mode to a second capability mode;

[0224] The first capability mode and the second capability mode include at least one communication parameter; the value of the at least one communication parameter is higher in the second capability mode than in the first capability mode.

[0225] Optionally, in this embodiment of the disclosure, the first wireless frame includes a first field and a second field;

[0226] The first field indicates that the first radio frame is used to trigger a non-AP STA to switch from a first capability mode to a second capability mode;

[0227] The second field identifies the non-AP MLD corresponding to the AP attached to the AP MLD.

[0228] Optionally, in this embodiment of the disclosure, the second field includes a first subfield; the first subfield identifies a non-AP STA that has been triggered to switch from a first capability mode to a second capability mode.

[0229] Step 702: Determine the second radio frame; the second radio frame indicates whether the non-AP STA has completed the switch from the first capability mode to the second capability mode.

[0230] Step 703: Under the first link, send the second radio frame.

[0231] Optionally, in this embodiment of the disclosure, the operating mode of the first link includes at least one of the following:

[0232] EMLSR link, NSTR link.

[0233] The communication method involved in the embodiments of this disclosure may include at least one of steps 701 to 703. For example, step 701 may be implemented as an independent embodiment, step 702 may be implemented as an independent embodiment, and step 703 may be implemented as an independent embodiment; step 701 + step 702 may be implemented as an independent embodiment, and step 702 + step 703 may be implemented as an independent embodiment, but is not limited thereto.

[0234] In some embodiments, the steps and their optional implementations in other embodiments described before or after this embodiment, as well as other related parts in the specification, can be referred to, and will not be repeated here.

[0235] This disclosure also proposes an apparatus (also referred to as a communication device, etc.) for implementing any of the above methods. For example, an apparatus is proposed that includes units or modules for implementing the steps performed by the terminal in any of the above methods. Furthermore, another apparatus is proposed that includes units or modules for implementing the steps performed by a network device (e.g., an access network device, a core network functional node, a core network device, etc.) in any of the above methods.

[0236] It should be understood that the division of units or modules in the above device is only a logical functional division. In actual implementation, they can be fully or partially integrated into a single physical entity, or they can be physically separated. Furthermore, the units or modules in the device can be implemented by a processor calling software: for example, the device includes a processor connected to a memory containing instructions. The processor calls the instructions stored in the memory to implement any of the above methods or to implement the functions of the units or modules in the above device. The processor can be, for example, a general-purpose processor, such as a Central Processing Unit (CPU) or a microprocessor, and the memory can be internal or external to the device. Alternatively, the units or modules in the device can be implemented in the form of hardware circuits. The functionality of some or all of the units or modules can be achieved through the design of these hardware circuits, which can be understood as one or more processors. For example, in one implementation, the hardware circuit is an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC). The functionality of some or all of the units or modules is achieved through the design of the logical relationships between the components within the circuit. In another implementation, the hardware circuit can be implemented using a programmable logic device (PLD). Taking a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) as an example, it can include a large number of logic gates. The connection relationships between the logic gates are configured through configuration files, thereby achieving the functionality of some or all of the units or modules. All units or modules of the above device can be implemented entirely through processor-called software, entirely through hardware circuits, or partially through processor-called software with the remaining parts implemented through hardware circuits.

[0237] In this embodiment, the processor is a circuit with signal processing capabilities. In one implementation, the processor can be a circuit with instruction read and execute capabilities, such as a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a microprocessor, a graphics processing unit (GPU) (which can be understood as a microprocessor), or a digital signal processor (DSP). In another implementation, the processor can implement certain functions through the logical relationships of hardware circuits. The logical relationships of the aforementioned hardware circuits are fixed or reconfigurable. For example, the processor is a hardware circuit implemented using an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) or a programmable logic device (PLD), such as an FPGA. In a reconfigurable hardware circuit, the process of the processor loading a configuration document and configuring the hardware circuit can be understood as the process of the processor loading instructions to implement the functions of some or all of the above units or modules. Furthermore, it can also be a hardware circuit designed for artificial intelligence, which can be understood as an ASIC, such as a Neural Network Processing Unit (NPU), a Tensor Processing Unit (TPU), or a Deep Learning Processing Unit (DPU).

[0238] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the AP proposed in an embodiment of this disclosure. The AP is used to perform any of the above methods. In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 8, the AP 800 may include at least one of a determining module 801, a transmitting module 802, etc.

[0239] In some embodiments, the determining module 801 is configured to determine a first radio frame; the first radio frame is configured to trigger one or more affiliated multi-link site devices (non-AP STAs) attached to a multi-link site device (non-AP MLD) to switch from a first capability mode to a second capability mode; the transmitting module 602 is configured to transmit the first radio frame under a first link; wherein the first capability mode and the second capability mode include at least one communication parameter; the parameter value of the at least one communication parameter is higher in the second capability mode than in the first capability mode.

[0240] Optionally, the determining module 801 is used to execute at least one of the communication steps (e.g., steps 301, 402, 501, and 601, but not limited thereto) performed by AP 101 in any of the above methods, which will not be described in detail here. The sending module 802 is used to execute steps 302, 402, 502, and 602.

[0241] In some embodiments, the determining module can be replaced by the processing module or the processor, and the sending module can be replaced by the transceiver module or the transceiver.

[0242] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a non-AP STA according to an embodiment of this disclosure. The non-AP STA is used to perform any of the above methods. In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 9, the non-AP STA 900 may include a receiving module 901.

[0243] In some embodiments, the receiving module 901 is configured to receive a first radio frame under a first link; the first radio frame is configured to wake up one or more non-AP STAs attached to a non-AP MLD to switch from a first capability mode to a second capability mode; wherein the first capability mode and the second capability mode include at least one communication parameter; the parameter value of the at least one communication parameter is higher in the second capability mode than in the first capability mode.

[0244] Optionally, the receiving module 901 is used to perform at least one of the communication steps performed by the non-AP STA 102 in any of the above methods (e.g., steps 303, 403, 503, 701, but not limited thereto), which will not be described in detail here.

[0245] In some embodiments, the receiving module can be interchanged with the transceiver module or transceiver.

[0246] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a terminal 1000 (e.g., a user equipment) proposed in an embodiment of this disclosure. The terminal 1000 may be a chip, chip system, or processor that supports network devices in implementing any of the above methods, or it may be a chip, chip system, or processor that supports a terminal in implementing any of the above methods. The terminal 1000 can be used to implement the methods described in the above method embodiments; for details, please refer to the descriptions in the above method embodiments.

[0247] As shown in Figure 10, terminal 1000 includes one or more processors 1001. Processor 1001 can be a general-purpose processor or a dedicated processor, such as a baseband processor or a central processing unit (CPU). The baseband processor can be used to process communication protocols and communication data, while the CPU can be used to control communication devices (e.g., base stations, baseband chips, terminal devices, terminal device chips, DUs or CUs, etc.), execute programs, and process program data. Terminal 1000 is used to execute any of the above methods.

[0248] In some embodiments, the terminal 1000 further includes one or more memories 1002 for storing instructions. Optionally, all or part of the memories 1002 may be located outside the terminal 1000.

[0249] In some embodiments, the terminal 1000 further includes one or more transceivers 1004. When the terminal 1000 includes one or more transceivers 1004, the transceivers 1004 perform at least one of the communication steps such as sending and / or receiving in the above method (e.g., steps 302, 303, 402, 403, 502, 503, 602, 603, 701, 703, but not limited thereto), and the processor 1001 performs at least one of other steps (e.g., steps 301, 401, 501, 601, 702, but not limited thereto).

[0250] In some embodiments, a transceiver may include a receiver and / or a transmitter, which may be separate or integrated. Optionally, the terms transceiver, transceiver unit, transceiver, transceiver circuit, etc., may be used interchangeably; the terms transmitter, transmitting unit, transmitter, transmitting circuit, etc., may be used interchangeably; and the terms receiver, receiving unit, receiver, receiving circuit, etc., may be used interchangeably.

[0251] In some embodiments, terminal 1000 may include one or more interface circuits 1003. Optionally, interface circuit 1003 is connected to memory 1002, and interface circuit 1003 can be used to receive signals from memory 1002 or other devices, and can be used to send signals to memory 1002 or other devices. For example, interface circuit 1003 can read instructions stored in memory 1002 and send the instructions to processor 1001.

[0252] The terminal 1000 described in the above embodiments may be a user equipment or other communication device, but the scope of the terminal 1000 described in this disclosure is not limited thereto, and the structure of the terminal 1000 may not be limited by FIG10. The communication device may be an independent device or a part of a larger device. For example, the communication device may be: (1) an independent integrated circuit IC, or chip, or chip system or subsystem; (2) a set of one or more ICs, optionally, the IC set may also include storage components for storing data and programs; (3) an ASIC, such as a modem; (4) a module that can be embedded in other devices; (5) a receiver, terminal device, smart terminal device, cellular phone, wireless device, handheld device, mobile unit, vehicle device, network device, cloud device, artificial intelligence device, etc.; (6) others, etc.

[0253] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the chip 1100 proposed in an embodiment of this disclosure. For cases where the terminal 1000 can be a chip or a chip system, the schematic diagram of the chip 1100 shown in Figure 11 can be referenced, but is not limited thereto.

[0254] Chip 1100 includes one or more processors 1101, which are used to perform any of the above methods.

[0255] In some embodiments, chip 1100 further includes one or more 1103s. Optionally, interface circuitry 1103 is connected to memory 1102. Interface circuitry 1103 can be used to receive signals from memory 1102 or other devices, and interface circuitry 1103 can be used to send signals to memory 1102 or other devices. For example, interface circuitry 1103 can read instructions stored in memory 1102 and send the instructions to processor 1101.

[0256] In some embodiments, the interface circuit 1103 performs at least one of the communication steps such as sending and / or receiving in the above method (e.g., steps 302, 303, 402, 403, 502, 503, 602, 603, 701, 703, but not limited thereto), and the processor 1101 performs at least one of other steps (e.g., steps 301, 401, 501, 601, 702, but not limited thereto).

[0257] In some embodiments, the terms interface circuit, interface, transceiver pin, transceiver, etc., can be used interchangeably.

[0258] In some embodiments, chip 1100 further includes one or more memories 1102 for storing instructions. Optionally, all or part of the memories 1102 may be located outside of chip 1100.

[0259] This disclosure also proposes a storage medium storing instructions that, when executed on terminal 1000, cause terminal 1000 to perform any of the above methods. Optionally, the storage medium is an electronic storage medium. Optionally, the storage medium is a computer-readable storage medium, but not limited thereto; it may also be a storage medium readable by other devices. Optionally, the storage medium may be a non-transitory storage medium, but not limited thereto; it may also be a temporary storage medium.

[0260] This disclosure also proposes a program product that, when executed by terminal 1000, causes terminal 1000 to perform any of the above methods. Optionally, the program product is a computer program product.

[0261] This disclosure also proposes a computer program that, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform any of the above methods.

Claims

1. A communication method, characterized in that, include: The access point device (AP) attached to the multi-link access point device (AP MLD) determines the first radio frame; The first radio frame is used to trigger one or more affiliated multi-link site devices (non-AP STAs) attached to the multi-link site device (non-AP MLD) to switch from the first capability mode to the second capability mode; The first wireless frame is transmitted under the first link; The first capability mode and the second capability mode include at least one communication parameter; The parameter value of at least one of the communication parameters is higher in the second capability mode than in the first capability mode.

2. The communication method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first wireless frame includes a first field and a second field; The first field identifies: the first radio frame is used to trigger a non-AP STA to switch from the first capability mode to the second capability mode; The second field identifier is the non-AP MLD corresponding to the AP.

3. The communication method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second field includes a first subfield; the first subfield identifies a non-AP STA that has been triggered to switch from the first capability mode to the second capability mode.

4. The communication method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, After transmitting the first wireless frame, the method further includes: Receive a second radio frame; the second radio frame indicates whether the non-AP STA has completed the switch from the first capability mode to the second capability mode.

5. The communication method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The operating mode of the first link includes at least one of the following: Enhanced multi-link single-radio EMLSR links and non-simultaneous transmit / receive NSTR links.

6. A communication method, characterized in that, include: The non-AP STA attached to the non-AP MLD receives the first radio frame under the first link; The first radio frame is used to trigger one or more non-AP STAs attached to the non-AP MLD to switch from the first capability mode to the second capability mode; The first capability mode and the second capability mode include at least one communication parameter; the value of the at least one communication parameter is higher in the second capability mode than in the first capability mode.

7. The communication method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first wireless frame includes a first field and a second field; The first field identifies: the first radio frame is used to trigger a non-AP STA to switch from the first capability mode to the second capability mode; The second field identifier identifies the non-AP MLD corresponding to the AP attached to the AP MLD.

8. The communication method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The second field includes a first subfield; the first subfield identifies a non-AP STA that has been triggered to switch from the first capability mode to the second capability mode.

9. The communication method according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that, After receiving the first wireless frame, the method further includes: A second radio frame is determined; the second radio frame indicates whether the non-AP STA has completed the switch from the first capability mode to the second capability mode; Under the first link, the second wireless frame is transmitted.

10. The communication method according to any one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that, The operating mode of the first link includes at least one of the following: EMLSR link, NSTR link.

11. A communication device, wherein the communication device is an access point (AP), characterized in that, include: One or more processors; The AP is used to perform the communication method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

12. A communication device, wherein the communication device is a non-AP STA, characterized in that, include: One or more processors; The non-AP STA is used to perform the communication method according to any one of claims 6 to 10.

13. A communication system, characterized in that, Including AP and non-AP STA; Wherein, the AP attached to the AP MLD determines the first radio frame; the first radio frame is used to trigger one or more non-AP STAs attached to the non-AP MLD to switch from a first capability mode to a second capability mode; the first radio frame is transmitted under the first link; wherein the first capability mode and the second capability mode include at least one communication parameter; the parameter value of the at least one communication parameter is higher in the second capability mode than in the first capability mode; A non-AP STA attached to a non-AP MLD receives a first radio frame on the first link; the first radio frame is used to trigger one or more non-AP STAs attached to a non-AP MLD to switch from a first capability mode to a second capability mode; The first capability mode and the second capability mode include at least one communication parameter; the value of the at least one communication parameter is higher in the second capability mode than in the first capability mode.

14. A storage medium storing instructions, characterized in that, When the instruction is executed on the communication device, the communication device performs the communication method as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, or performs the communication method as described in any one of claims 6 to 10.

15. A program product comprising at least one of a program and instructions, characterized in that, When at least one of the programs or instructions is executed by a communication device, it implements the communication method of any one of claims 1 to 5, or the communication method of any one of claims 6 to 10.

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