Cell reselection for user equipment with multiple radios

Abstract

Various aspects of the present disclosure relate to cell reselection for user equipment (UE) having multiple radios. A UE can have multiple radios, including a first radio having a first power consumption level and a second radio having a second power consumption level different from the first power consumption level. The UE receives first signaling associated with a measurement, such as a signal quality measurement. The measurement is associated with a serving cell. The UE activates at least one of the first radio or the second radio based on the measurement satisfying at least one threshold. The UE monitors, via the first radio or the second radio, second signaling associated with a cell reselection procedure. The cell reselection procedure corresponds to selecting a candidate serving cell from one or more candidate serving cells.

Description

[0001] Related applications

[0002] This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 63 / 613,621, filed December 21, 2023, entitled “Cell Reselection for User Equipment with Multiple Radios,” the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. Technical Field

[0003] This disclosure relates to wireless communications, and more specifically, to cell reselection procedures. Background Technology

[0004] A wireless communication system may include one or more network communication devices, such as a base station, which can support wireless communication of one or more user communication devices (which may also be referred to as user equipment (UE) or other suitable terms). The wireless communication system can support wireless communication with one or more user communication devices by utilizing the resources of the wireless communication system (e.g., time resources (e.g., symbols, time slots, subframes, frames, or the like) or frequency resources (e.g., subcarriers, carriers, or the like)). Furthermore, the wireless communication system can support wireless communication across various radio access technologies, including third-generation (3G) radio access technology, fourth-generation (4G) radio access technology, fifth-generation (5G) radio access technology, and other suitable radio access technologies beyond 5G (e.g., sixth-generation (6G)). Summary of the Invention

[0005] The article “a” preceding an element is unrestricted and should be understood to refer to “at least one” or “one or more” of those elements. The terms “a,” “at least one,” “one or more,” and “at least one of one or more” are interchangeable. As used herein (included in the claims), the word “or” used in a list of items (e.g., a list of items beginning with phrases such as “at least one of…”, “one or more of…”, or “one or both of…”) indicates an inclusive list, such that (e.g.) a list of at least one of A, B, or C means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C). Furthermore, as used herein, the phrase “based on” should not be construed as referring to a closed set of conditions. For example, without departing from the scope of this disclosure, an example step described as “based on condition A” may be based on both condition A and condition B. In other words, as used herein, the phrase “based on” should be interpreted in the same manner as the phrase “at least partially based on.” Furthermore, as used herein (included in the claims), a “group” may comprise one or more elements.

[0006] Some embodiments of the methods and apparatus described herein may include a UE for wireless communication, the UE comprising: a first radio; a second radio; at least one memory; and at least one processor configured to: receive first signaling associated with a measurement, the measurement being associated with a serving cell; activate at least one of the first radio or the second radio based on the measurement satisfying at least one threshold; and monitor, via the first radio or the second radio, a second signaling associated with a cell reselection procedure, wherein the cell reselection procedure corresponds to selecting a candidate serving cell from one or more candidate serving cells.

[0007] In some embodiments of the methods and apparatus described herein, the UE receives third signaling indicating one or more active periods and one or more inactive periods of the serving cell. Alternatively, in order to activate at least one of the first radio or the second radio, the UE avoids activating the first radio during the one or more inactive periods. Alternatively, in order to activate at least one of the first radio or the second radio, the UE avoids activating the first radio based on the received third signaling. Alternatively, in order to activate at least one of the first radio or the second radio, the UE activates the first radio based on the duration of the one or more active periods meeting a threshold. Alternatively, the third signaling is received by the first radio, and the UE receives a wake-up signal (WUS) and activates the second radio before the one or more active periods and the one or more inactive periods to perform the cell reselection procedure, wherein activating the second radio is based on the capability of the first radio to perform the cell reselection procedure. Alternatively, the WUS includes a plurality of cell reselection parameters associated with the cell reselection procedure. Alternatively or alternatively, the WUS includes indications of the one or more active periods and the one or more inactive periods, and the UE avoids transmitting signaling that includes one or more of the Early Paging Indicator (PEI), Paging Timing, or Random Access Channel (RACH) messages. Alternatively or alternatively, the UE activates the second radio threshold duration prior to the inactive period within the one or more inactive periods. Alternatively or alternatively, the third signaling is received by the first radio, and the UE avoids activating the second radio based on the first radio's ability to perform the cell reselection procedure and performs the cell reselection procedure based on measurements associated with the one or more candidate serving cells. Alternatively or alternatively, the UE receives a synchronization signal from the serving cell based on the first radio's inability to support waveforms with superimposed orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) sequences.

[0008] Alternatively or alternatively, the UE receives from the serving cell a synchronization signal based on a waveform with superimposed OFDM sequences supported by the first radio. Alternatively or alternatively, to activate at least one of the first radio or the second radio, the UE: receives a WUS triggering the cell reselection procedure via the first radio; activates the second radio to perform the cell reselection procedure; receives a synchronization signal block (SSB) based on activating the second radio to perform the cell reselection procedure via the second radio; and triggers the cell reselection procedure based on the WUS to avoid transmitting signaling containing one or more of a PEI, paging timing, or RACH message. Alternatively or alternatively, the WUS contains one or more of a cell identifier associated with the candidate serving cell or a frequency associated with the candidate serving cell. Alternatively or alternatively, to activate at least one of the first radio or the second radio, the UE avoids activating the second radio and performs the cell reselection procedure using the first radio based on the ability of the first radio to perform the cell reselection procedure. Alternatively or alternatively, the UE receives via the first radio a third signaling indicating a corresponding frequency corresponding to one or more candidate serving cells, wherein the cell reselection procedure is based on the corresponding frequency. Alternatively, the UE measures one or more synchronization signals to determine corresponding signal quality values ​​for the one or more candidate serving cells, wherein the cell reselection procedure is based on the corresponding signal quality values ​​of the one or more candidate serving cells. Alternatively, the measurement is associated with the second radio, and in order to activate at least one of the first radio or the second radio, the UE activates the first radio based on the measurement being higher than the at least one threshold and deactivates the second radio based on the measurement being higher than the at least one threshold. Alternatively, the measurement is associated with the first radio, and in order to activate at least one of the first radio or the second radio, the UE activates the second radio based on the measurement being lower than the at least one threshold. Alternatively, the first radio is associated with a first power level, and the second radio is associated with a second power level different from the first power level.

[0009] Some embodiments of the methods and apparatus described herein may further include a processor for wireless communication, configured to: receive a first signaling associated with a measurement, said measurement being associated with a serving cell; activate at least one of a first radio or a second radio based on said measurement satisfying at least one threshold; and monitor, via the first radio or the second radio, a second signaling associated with a cell reselection procedure, said cell reselection procedure corresponding to selecting a candidate serving cell from one or more candidate serving cells.

[0010] In some embodiments of the methods and apparatus described herein, the processor receives third signaling indicating one or more active periods and one or more inactive periods of the serving cell. Alternatively, to activate at least one of the first radio or the second radio, the processor avoids activating the first radio during the one or more inactive periods. Alternatively, to activate at least one of the first radio or the second radio, the processor avoids activating the first radio based on the received third signaling. Alternatively, to activate at least one of the first radio or the second radio, the processor activates the first radio based on the duration of the one or more active periods meeting a threshold. Alternatively, the third signaling is received by the first radio, and the processor receives a WUS and activates the second radio before the one or more active periods and the one or more inactive periods to perform the cell reselection procedure, wherein activating the second radio is based on the capability of the first radio to perform the cell reselection procedure. Alternatively, the WUS includes a plurality of cell reselection parameters associated with the cell reselection procedure. Alternatively or concurrently, the WUS includes indications of the one or more active periods and the one or more inactive periods, and the processor avoids transmitting signaling that includes one or more of the PEI, paging timing, or RACH messages.

[0011] Alternatively or alternatively, the processor activates the second radio threshold duration prior to the inactivity period within the one or more inactivity periods. Alternatively or alternatively, the third signaling is received by the first radio, and the processor avoids activating the second radio based on the first radio's ability to perform the cell reselection procedure and performs the cell reselection procedure based on measurements associated with the one or more candidate serving cells. Alternatively or alternatively, the processor receives from the serving cell a synchronization signal based on the first radio's inability to support waveforms with superimposed OFDM sequences. Alternatively or alternatively, the processor receives from the serving cell a synchronization signal based on the first radio supporting waveforms with superimposed OFDM sequences. Alternatively or alternatively, to activate at least one of the first radio or the second radio, the processor: receives a WUS triggering the cell reselection procedure via the first radio; activates the second radio to perform the cell reselection procedure; receives an SSB based on activating the second radio to perform the cell reselection procedure via the second radio; and triggers the cell reselection procedure based on the WUS to avoid transmitting signaling containing one or more of PEI, paging timing, or RACH messages. Alternatively or concurrently, the WUS may include one or more of a cell identifier associated with the candidate serving cell or a frequency associated with the candidate serving cell.

[0012] Alternatively, to activate at least one of the first radio or the second radio, the processor avoids activating the second radio and performs the cell reselection procedure using the first radio based on the ability of the first radio to perform the cell reselection procedure. Alternatively, the processor receives, via the first radio, third signaling indicating a corresponding frequency of the one or more candidate serving cells, wherein the cell reselection procedure is based on the corresponding frequency. Alternatively, the processor measures one or more synchronization signals to determine corresponding signal quality values ​​of the one or more candidate serving cells, wherein the cell reselection procedure is based on the corresponding signal quality values ​​of the one or more candidate serving cells. Alternatively, the measurement is associated with the second radio, and to activate at least one of the first radio or the second radio, the processor activates the first radio based on the measurement being higher than the at least one threshold and deactivates the second radio based on the measurement being higher than the at least one threshold. Alternatively, the measurement is associated with the first radio, and to activate at least one of the first radio or the second radio, the processor activates the second radio based on the measurement being lower than the at least one threshold. Alternatively, the first radio may be associated with a first power level, and the second radio may be associated with a second power level that is different from the first power level.

[0013] Some embodiments of the methods and apparatus described herein may further include a method performed by a UE, the method comprising: receiving first signaling associated with a measurement, the measurement being associated with a serving cell; activating at least one of a first radio or a second radio based on the measurement satisfying at least one threshold; and monitoring second signaling associated with a cell reselection procedure via the first radio or the second radio, wherein the cell reselection procedure corresponds to selecting a candidate serving cell from one or more candidate serving cells.

[0014] In some embodiments of the methods and apparatus described herein, the method further includes receiving third signaling indicating one or more active periods and one or more inactive periods of the serving cell. Alternatively, to activate at least one of the first radio or the second radio, the method further includes avoiding activation of the first radio during the one or more inactive periods. Alternatively, to activate at least one of the first radio or the second radio, the method further includes avoiding activation of the first radio based on the received third signaling. Alternatively, to activate at least one of the first radio or the second radio, the method further includes activating the first radio based on the duration of the one or more active periods meeting a threshold. Alternatively, the third signaling is received by the first radio, and the method further includes receiving a WUS and activating the second radio before the one or more active periods and the one or more inactive periods to perform the cell reselection procedure, wherein activation of the second radio is based on the capability of the first radio to perform the cell reselection procedure. Alternatively, the WUS includes a plurality of cell reselection parameters associated with the cell reselection procedure. Alternatively or concurrently, the WUS includes indications of the one or more active periods and the one or more inactive periods, and the method further includes avoiding the transmission of signaling that includes one or more of the PEI, paging timing, or RACH messages.

[0015] Alternatively or additionally, the method further includes activating the second radio threshold duration prior to the inactivity period in the one or more inactivity periods. Alternatively or additionally, the third signaling is received by the first radio, and the method further includes avoiding activation of the second radio based on the ability of the first radio to perform the cell reselection procedure and performing the cell reselection procedure based on measurements associated with the one or more candidate serving cells. Alternatively or additionally, the method further includes receiving from the serving cell a synchronization signal based on the first radio's inability to support waveforms with superimposed OFDM sequences. Alternatively or additionally, the method further includes receiving from the serving cell a synchronization signal based on the first radio supporting waveforms with superimposed OFDM sequences. Alternatively or additionally, to activate at least one of the first radio or the second radio, the method further includes: receiving a WUS triggering the cell reselection procedure via the first radio; activating the second radio to perform the cell reselection procedure; receiving an SSB based on activating the second radio to perform the cell reselection procedure via the second radio; and triggering the cell reselection procedure based on the WUS to avoid transmitting signaling including one or more of PEI, paging timing, or RACH messages. Alternatively or concurrently, the WUS may include one or more of a cell identifier associated with the candidate serving cell or a frequency associated with the candidate serving cell.

[0016] Alternatively, to activate at least one of the first radio or the second radio, the method further includes avoiding activation of the second radio and using the first radio to perform the cell reselection procedure, based on the ability of the first radio to perform the cell reselection procedure. Alternatively, the method further includes receiving, via the first radio, a third signaling indicating a corresponding frequency corresponding to one or more candidate serving cells, wherein the cell reselection procedure is based on the corresponding frequency. Alternatively, the method further includes measuring one or more synchronization signals to determine corresponding signal quality values ​​for the one or more candidate serving cells, wherein the cell reselection procedure is based on the corresponding signal quality values ​​for the one or more candidate serving cells. Alternatively, the measurement is associated with the second radio, and to activate at least one of the first radio or the second radio, the method further includes activating the first radio based on the measurement being higher than the at least one threshold and deactivating the second radio based on the measurement being higher than the at least one threshold. Alternatively, the measurement is associated with the first radio, and to activate at least one of the first radio or the second radio, the method further includes activating the second radio based on the measurement being lower than the at least one threshold. Alternatively, the first radio may be associated with a first power level, and the second radio may be associated with a second power level that is different from the first power level.

[0017] Some embodiments of the methods and apparatus described herein may further include a base station for wireless communication, configured to: transmit a first signaling associated with a measurement, said measurement being associated with a serving cell; and transmit a second signaling to trigger activation of at least one of a first radio or a second radio of the UE to perform a cell reselection procedure corresponding to a candidate serving cell from one or more candidate serving cells, said activation being based on said measurement satisfying at least one threshold.

[0018] In some embodiments of the methods and apparatus described herein, the base station transmits third signaling indicating one or more active periods and one or more inactive periods of the serving cell. Alternatively, the base station transmits a WUS before the one or more active periods and the one or more inactive periods. Alternatively, the WUS includes multiple cell reselection parameters associated with the cell reselection procedure. Alternatively, the WUS includes indications of the one or more active periods and the one or more inactive periods. Alternatively, the WUS includes a threshold duration for activating the second radio before the inactive period within the one or more inactive periods. Alternatively, the base station transmits a low-power synchronization signal based on the first radio's inability to support waveforms with superimposed OFDM sequences. Alternatively, the base station transmits a synchronization signal based on the first radio supporting waveforms with superimposed OFDM sequences. Alternatively, the base station: transmits a WUS to the first radio that triggers the cell reselection procedure, wherein the second radio is activated for the cell reselection procedure; and transmits one or more SSBs corresponding to the cell reselection procedure to the second radio. Alternatively or alternatively, the WUS includes one or more of a cell identifier associated with the candidate serving cell or a frequency associated with the candidate serving cell. Alternatively or alternatively, the base station indicates, via the first radio transmission, a third signaling corresponding to a corresponding frequency of the one or more candidate serving cells.

[0019] Some embodiments of the methods and apparatus described herein may further include a method performed by a base station, the method comprising: transmitting a first signaling associated with a measurement, the measurement being associated with a serving cell; and transmitting a second signaling to trigger activation of at least one of a first radio or a second radio of the UE to perform a cell reselection procedure corresponding to a candidate serving cell from one or more candidate serving cells, the activation being based on the measurement satisfying at least one threshold.

[0020] In some embodiments of the methods and apparatus described herein, the method further includes transmitting third signaling indicating one or more active periods and one or more inactive periods of the serving cell. Alternatively, the method further includes transmitting a WUS before the one or more active periods and the one or more inactive periods. Alternatively, the WUS includes a plurality of cell reselection parameters associated with the cell reselection procedure. Alternatively, the WUS includes indications of the one or more active periods and the one or more inactive periods. Alternatively, the WUS includes a threshold duration for activating the second radio before the inactive period within the one or more inactive periods. Alternatively, the method further includes transmitting a low-power synchronization signal based on the first radio's inability to support waveforms with superimposed OFDM sequences. Alternatively, the method further includes transmitting a synchronization signal based on the first radio supporting waveforms with superimposed OFDM sequences. Alternatively or alternatively, the method further includes: transmitting a WUS to the first radio to trigger the cell reselection procedure, wherein the second radio is activated for the cell reselection procedure; and transmitting one or more SSBs corresponding to the cell reselection procedure to the second radio. Alternatively or alternatively, the WUS includes one or more of a cell identifier associated with the candidate serving cell or a frequency associated with the candidate serving cell. Alternatively or alternatively, the method further includes transmitting a third signaling via the first radio to indicate a corresponding frequency corresponding to the one or more candidate serving cells. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 and 2 Examples of wireless communication systems according to aspects of this disclosure are described.

[0022] Figure 3 Examples of launch diagrams according to aspects of this disclosure are provided.

[0023] Figure 4 Examples of flowcharts illustrating aspects of this disclosure.

[0024] Figure 5 Examples illustrating the process flow according to aspects of this disclosure.

[0025] Figure 6 Examples of UEs based on aspects of this disclosure are described.

[0026] Figure 7 Examples of processors according to aspects of this disclosure are described.

[0027] Figure 8 Examples of network equipment (NE) according to aspects of this disclosure are described.

[0028] Figure 9 A flowchart illustrating a method performed by a UE according to aspects of this disclosure.

[0029] Figure 10 A flowchart illustrating the method performed by NE according to aspects of this disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0030] In a wireless communication system, UEs and NEs (e.g., base stations) can communicate using time-frequency resources. In a variant, the UE and / or NE may implement discontinuous transmission (DTX) and discontinuous reception (DRX) techniques to improve energy efficiency by reducing power consumption of the UE and / or NE when there is no active communication between them. DTX and DRX techniques include defined and / or configured inactive and active periods at the UE and / or NE. During inactive periods, the NE and / or UE may not exchange signaling (e.g., transmit or receive signaling), and the UE and / or NE may enter a low-power state. Furthermore, during active periods, the NE and / or UE may exchange signaling at full power or normal power.

[0031] In some instances, the UE can operate at different power levels in power consumption modes (e.g., in an active mode with relatively high power consumption and an idle or inactive mode with relatively low power consumption). A UE in a low-power mode (e.g., idle and / or inactive mode) can operate with reduced transmit and / or receive capabilities (attributed to reduced transmit power, energy-efficient radio transceivers, low-power processors, etc.), can perform energy harvesting techniques to supplement battery power, can utilize sleep modes for different components of the UE, or similar methods. Examples of UEs that can operate in low-power modes include, but are not limited to, Internet of Things (IoT) devices, wearable devices, remote sensor devices, and mobile devices. In some instances, a wireless device (e.g., the UE) may include multiple radios, such as a radio operating at a relatively low power level (referred to as a low-power radio) and a radio operating at a relatively high power level (referred to as a main radio).

[0032] The NE can transmit a WUS to the UE's low-power radio, and the low-power radio can activate (e.g., wake up) the UE's primary radio upon receiving the WUS (e.g., in response to or based on the receipt of the WUS). In some instances, the WUS can trigger the activation of the primary radio to exchange signaling and / or perform wireless communication-related operations, such as performing cell selection or cell reselection procedures. During the cell selection and / or cell reselection procedures, the UE can perform cell search and measurements of broadcast system information from candidate cells, which may include cells adjacent to the current serving cell used for cell reselection procedures. The UE compares the measurements with cell selection criteria (including signal strength, signal quality, and other parameters). If the current serving cell no longer meets the criteria (e.g., due to signal strength below a threshold), the UE can initiate a cell reselection procedure to establish a new connection with a candidate cell that meets the selection criteria. However, if the current serving cell is using DTX and / or DRX technologies, the UE may not receive a trigger to activate the primary radio during the inactive period of the DTX cycle (e.g., when the serving cell is not transmitting or receiving signaling). Therefore, the UE can only receive WUS-triggered activation of the primary radio after the inactive period of the DTX cycle, and may be unable to initiate or may avoid initiating cell selection or cell reselection procedures until after the inactive period of the DTX cycle, resulting in communication degradation and delays related to delayed cell selection or cell reselection. Furthermore, in some cases, the low-power radio at the UE may be able to perform the cell reselection procedure. Some techniques for cell reselection at a UE with both a primary radio and a low-power radio involve the NE triggering the activation of the primary radio to perform the cell reselection procedure. However, if the low-power radio at the UE is capable of performing the cell reselection procedure, activating the primary radio may result in unnecessary power consumption at the UE.

[0033] As described herein, the UE may perform one or more measurements, such as serving cell quality measurements, and may determine whether to activate the primary radio or low-power radio to monitor signaling related to cell selection or cell reselection procedures. For example, if the measurement meets (e.g., is greater than) a threshold, the UE may activate the low-power radio. If the measurement fails to meet (e.g., is less than) the threshold, the UE may activate the primary radio. In some instances, the UE may receive signaling indicating that the UE's serving cell is using DTX and / or DRX technologies. If the serving cell is configured with DTX cycles (e.g., active and inactive periods), if the serving cell is transmitting according to the DTX cycle during the inactive period of the DTX cycle, and / or if the duration of the active period of the DTX cycle fails to meet (e.g., is less than) a threshold, the UE may not activate the low-power radio. Similarly, if the serving cell is configured with DTX and / or DRX cycles but is not transmitting according to the cycles, and / or if the duration of the active period of the DTX cycle meets (e.g., is greater than) a threshold, the UE may activate the low-power radio. Instead of activating the low-power radio, the UE can use the primary radio to monitor signaling related to the cell reselection procedure (e.g., broadcast signaling from neighboring cells). If the signal quality of the current serving cell drops below a threshold, the UE can perform the cell reselection procedure by selecting a candidate serving cell. In some instances, the UE can determine the capabilities of the low-power radio and can activate either the low-power radio or the primary radio based on those capabilities. For example, some low-power radios may be able to perform the cell reselection procedure and / or may be able to receive and decode SSBs (e.g., NR signaling); therefore, the UE can activate the low-power radio without activating the primary radio.

[0034] The aspects of this disclosure are described in the context of wireless communication systems.

[0035] Figure 1This section describes an example of a wireless communication system 100 according to aspects of this disclosure. The wireless communication system 100 may include one or more NEs 102, one or more UEs 104, and a core network (CN) 106. The wireless communication system 100 may support various radio access technologies. In some embodiments, the wireless communication system 100 may be a 4G network, such as an LTE network or an LTE-A network. In some other embodiments, the wireless communication system 100 may be a New Radio (NR) network, such as a 5G network, a 5G-A network, or a 5G Ultra Wideband (5G-UWB) network. In other embodiments, the wireless communication system 100 may be a combination of 4G and 5G networks or other suitable radio access technologies, including IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), and IEEE 802.20. The wireless communication system 100 may support radio access technologies beyond 5G, such as 6G. In addition, the wireless communication system 100 can support technologies such as Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), or Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA).

[0036] One or more NEs 102 may be distributed throughout a geographic area to form a wireless communication system 100. One or more of the NEs 102 described herein may be, include, or be referred to as a network node, base station, network element, network function, network entity, wireless access network (RAN), NodeB, eNodeB (eNB), next-generation NodeB (gNB), or other suitable terms. NEs 102 and UEs 104 may communicate via a communication link, which may be wireless or wired. For example, NEs 102 and UEs 104 may perform wireless communication (e.g., receiving signaling, transmitting signaling) via a Uu interface.

[0037] NE 102 can provide a geographic coverage area for which NE 102 can support services for one or more UE 104s within the geographic coverage area. For example, NE 102 and UE 104 can support wireless communication of signals associated with services (voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcasting, etc.) using one or more radio access technologies. In some embodiments, NE 102 can be mobile, such as a satellite associated with a non-terrestrial network (NTN). In some embodiments, different geographic coverage areas associated with the same or different radio access technologies can overlap, but different geographic coverage areas can be associated with different NE 102s.

[0038] One or more UEs 104 may be distributed throughout the geographic area of ​​the wireless communication system 100. UE 104 may include or be referred to as a remote unit, mobile device, wireless device, remote device, subscriber device, transmitter device, receiver device, or some other suitable term. In some embodiments, UE 104 may be referred to as a unit, station, terminal, or client, and other instances thereof. Alternatively or additionally, UE 104 may be referred to as an IoT device, Internet of Things (IoE) device, or Machine-Type Communication (MTC) device, and other instances thereof.

[0039] UE 104 may be able to support direct wireless communication with other UE 104 via a communication link. For example, UE 104 may support direct wireless communication with another UE 104 via a device-to-device (D2D) communication link. In some implementations, such as vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) deployments, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) deployments, or cellular-V2X deployments, the communication link may be referred to as a sidelink. For example, UE 104 may support direct wireless communication with another UE 104 via a PC5 interface.

[0040] NE 102 may support communication with CN 106 or another NE 102, or both. For example, NE 102 may interface with other NE 102 or CN 106 via one or more backhaul links (e.g., S1, N2, N6, or another network interface). In some implementations, NE 102 may communicate directly with each other. In some other implementations, NE 102 may communicate indirectly with each other (e.g., via CN 106). In some implementations, one or more NE 102 may include sub-components, such as access network entities, which may be instances of Access Node Controllers (ANCs). The ANC may communicate with one or more UE 104s via one or more other access network transmitting entities, which may be referred to as radio headends, smart radio headends, or transmit-receive points (TRPs).

[0041] CN 106 can support user authentication, access authorization, tracking, connectivity, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. CN 106 can be an evolved packet core (EPC) or a 5G core (5GC), which may include control plane entities (e.g., Mobility Management Entity (MME), Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF)) that manage access and mobility, and user plane entities (e.g., Serving Gateway (S-GW), Packet Data Network (PDN) Gateway (P-GW), or User Plane Function (UPF)) that route packets or interconnects to external networks. In some implementations, the control plane entities may manage non-access stratum (NAS) functions, such as mobility, authentication, and bearer management (data bearers, signaling bearers, etc.) of one or more UEs 104 served by one or more NEs 102 associated with CN106.

[0042] CN 106 can communicate with the packet data network via one or more backhaul links (e.g., via S1, N2, N6, or another network interface). The packet data network may contain an application server. In some implementations, one or more UEs 104 can communicate with the application server. UE 104 can establish a session (e.g., a Protocol Data Unit (PDU) session or the like) with CN 106 via NE 102. CN 106 can use the established session (e.g., an established PDU session) to route traffic (e.g., control information, data, and the like) between UE 104 and the application server. A PDU session may be an instance of a logical connection between UE 104 and CN 106 (e.g., one or more network functions of CN 106).

[0043] In the wireless communication system 100, NE 102 and UE 104 can use the resources of the wireless communication system 100 (e.g., time resources (e.g., symbols, time slots, subframes, frames, or the like) or frequency resources (e.g., subcarriers, carriers)) to perform various operations (e.g., wireless communication). In some embodiments, NE 102 and UE 104 may support different resource structures. For example, NE 102 and UE 104 may support different frame structures. In some embodiments, such as in 4G, NE 102 and UE 104 may support a single frame structure. In some other embodiments, such as in 5G and other suitable radio access technologies, NE 102 and UE 104 may support various frame structures (i.e., multiple frame structures). NE 102 and UE 104 may support various frame structures based on one or more sets of parameters.

[0044] The wireless communication system 100 may support one or more parameter sets, and the parameter sets may include a SCS and a cyclic prefix. A first parameter set (e.g., μ=0) may be associated with a first SCS (e.g., 15 kHz) and a regular cyclic prefix. In some embodiments, the first parameter set (e.g., μ=0) associated with the first SCS (e.g., 15 kHz) may utilize one time slot per subframe. A second parameter set (e.g., μ=1) may be associated with a second SCS (e.g., 30 kHz) and a regular cyclic prefix. A third parameter set (e.g., μ=2) may be associated with a third SCS (e.g., 60 kHz) and a regular cyclic prefix or an extended cyclic prefix. A fourth parameter set (e.g., μ=3) may be associated with a fourth SCS (e.g., 120 kHz) and a regular cyclic prefix. A fifth parameter set (e.g., μ=4) may be associated with a fifth SCS (e.g., 240 kHz) and a regular cyclic prefix.

[0045] Time intervals for resources (such as communication resources) can be organized according to frames (also known as radio frames). Each frame may have a duration, for example, 10 milliseconds (ms). In some implementations, each frame may contain multiple subframes. For example, each frame may contain 10 subframes, and each subframe may have a duration, for example, 1 ms. In some implementations, each frame may have the same duration. In some implementations, each subframe of a frame may have the same duration.

[0046] Alternatively, the time intervals of resources (e.g., communication resources) can be organized according to time slots. For example, a subframe may contain a certain number (e.g., a set of parameters). The number of time slots in each subframe may also depend on one or more parameter sets supported in the wireless communication system 100. For example, the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth parameter sets (i.e., μ=0, μ=1, μ=2, μ=3, μ=4) associated with corresponding SCSs of 15 kHz, 30 kHz, 60 kHz, 120 kHz, and 240 kHz can respectively utilize one time slot per subframe, two time slots per subframe, four time slots per subframe, eight time slots per subframe, and 16 time slots per subframe. Each time slot may contain a certain number (e.g., a set of parameters) of symbols (e.g., OFDM symbols). In some embodiments, the number (e.g., quantity) of time slots in a subframe may depend on the parameter set. For a conventional cyclic prefix, a time slot may contain 14 symbols. For an extended cyclic prefix (e.g., for a 60 kHz SCS), a time slot may contain 12 symbols. The relationship between the number of symbols per time slot, the number of time slots per subframe, and the number of time slots per frame for the regular and extended cyclic prefixes may depend on the parameter set. It should be understood that references to the first parameter set (e.g., μ=0) associated with the first SCS (e.g., 15 kHz) can be used interchangeably between subframes and time slots.

[0047] In the wireless communication system 100, the electromagnetic (EM) spectrum can be divided into various categories, bands, channels, etc., based on frequency or wavelength. For example, the wireless communication system 100 may support one or more operating frequency bands, such as frequency ranges represented as FR1 (410 MHz to 7.125 GHz), FR2 (24.25 GHz to 52.6 GHz), FR3 (7.125 GHz to 24.25 GHz), FR4 (52.6 GHz to 114.25 GHz), FR4a or FR4-1 (52.6 GHz to 71 GHz), and FR5 (114.25 GHz to 300 GHz). In some embodiments, NE 102 and UE 104 may perform wireless communication on one or more of the operating frequency bands. In some embodiments, FR1 may be used by NE 102 and UE 104, as well as other equipment or devices, for cellular communication services (e.g., control information, data). In some implementations, FR2 can be used by NE 102 and UE 104, as well as other equipment or devices, for short-range, high data rate capabilities.

[0048] FR1 can be associated with one or more parameter sets (e.g., at least three parameter sets). For example, FR1 can be associated with: a first parameter set (e.g., μ=0) containing a 15 kHz SCS; a second parameter set (e.g., μ=1) containing a 30 kHz SCS; and a third parameter set (e.g., μ=2) containing a 60 kHz SCS. FR2 can be associated with one or more parameter sets (e.g., at least two parameter sets). For example, FR2 can be associated with: a third parameter set (e.g., μ=2) containing a 60 kHz SCS; and a fourth parameter set (e.g., μ=3) containing a 120 kHz SCS.

[0049] In some cases, a cell can refer to a radio access node that communicates with or contains a base station. A cell can have a coverage area, which is a geographical area in which the cell can provide radio connectivity to devices within it. Different cells can operate on defined frequencies or bands (called subcarriers). In some instances, UE 104 can establish a radio connection with a cell, and subsequently, that cell can be referred to as the serving cell of UE 104.

[0050] In some instances, the wireless communication system 100 may include one or more wireless devices (e.g., UE 104) configurable to operate in multiple power consumption modes. For example, UE 104 may operate with reduced processing, power, and / or memory capabilities in a low-power mode that includes idle and / or inactive modes. In some instances, the wireless devices may perform energy harvesting techniques to collect and store energy from received signals to replenish battery power, and may use sleep modes or similar for different components of the wireless device (transmitter, receiver, processing components, etc.). Examples of wireless devices that can operate in different power consumption modes include, but are not limited to, power-sensitive and / or small form factor devices, such as industrial sensors, controllers, wearable extended reality (XR) devices (e.g., smart glasses), and mobile devices.

[0051] IoT devices can include environmental IoT devices. Several different types of environmental IoT devices can exist. A first type, called a passive IoT device, may have no energy storage and no independent signal generation, thus using backscatter transmission technology to transmit signaling. A second type, called a semi-passive IoT device, may have energy storage but may not perform independent signal generation. Semi-passive IoT devices can use backscatter transmission technology and can use the stored energy to amplify reflected (e.g., backscattered) signals. A third type, called an active IoT device, may have both energy storage and independent signal generation. For example, an active IoT device may include active radio frequency components (e.g., radio, receiver, transmitter, transceiver) for transmitting and / or receiving signals.

[0052] In some instances, the UE 104, which has multiple radios including a main radio and low-power radios, can operate in a variety of power consumption modes, which is related to Figure 2More detailed description. In some instances, the primary radio of UE 104 may operate at a different (e.g., higher) power level than the low-power radio. Therefore, when UE 104 is idle or inactive, UE 104 may configure its primary radio to operate in a sleep state. When the primary radio is in a sleep state, UE 104 may use the low-power radio to monitor for signaling that triggers the activation of the primary radio (e.g., to receive and / or transmit signaling that the low-power radio cannot transmit or receive). For example, NE 102 may transmit a WUS to the low-power radio to instruct UE 104 to wake up or activate the primary radio to transmit or receive signaling. For example, NE 102 may transmit a WUS to UE 104 before the Random Access Channel (RACH) procedure or before transmitting a paging message. In some other instances, NE 102 may transmit a WUS to UE 104 before the cell reselection or cell selection procedure. The low-power radio can receive WUS and can instruct UE 104 to activate the primary radio, and / or can trigger the activation of the primary radio in some other way. Once activated, the primary radio can transmit and / or receive signaling related to RACH procedures, paging information, and / or used for cell reselection or cell selection procedures, which relates to... Figure 2 and 3 More detailed description.

[0053] UE 104 and NE 102 may implement discontinuous periods, for example, for DTX and DRX, to improve energy efficiency by reducing power consumption of UE 104 and NE 102 during periods of inactive communication. Discontinuous periods comprise defined and / or configured inactive and active periods at UE 104 and / or NE 102. Inactive periods may follow active periods, or vice versa, and inactive and active periods may occur periodically. NE 102 may define the duration of inactive and active periods as the same or different values. For DTX and DRX (e.g., cell DTX and DRX) at NE 102, NE 102 may not transmit or receive signaling during inactive periods, and NE 102 may enter a low-power state. The low-power states of NE 102 and / or UE 104 include idle mode and / or inactive mode, where NE 102 and / or UE 104 reduce power consumption by reducing the number of transmitted or received values ​​and deactivating one or more components (radio, processor, etc.) or similar devices of NE 102 and / or UE 104. Similarly, during active periods, NE can transmit or receive signaling in full-power or normal-power states. In normal-power states, NE 102 and / or UE 104 can be used to transmit and / or receive signaling (e.g., without reducing the number of transmitted or received values) and some or all of the components (radio, processor, etc.) or similar devices of NE 102 and / or UE 104 can be activated.

[0054] UE 104 may be unaware of the DTX and DRX cycles at NE 102. Therefore, as NE 102 transitions between active and inactive states, UE 104 may enter a low-power mode. In low-power mode, the UE may deactivate the primary radio and activate a low-power radio to monitor WUS and / or synchronization signals that the low-power radio can receive, referred to as low-power WUS or low-power synchronization signals. Signal strength and quality from the serving cell may degrade (e.g., due to UE 104 moving out of the serving cell's coverage area, due to environmental factors, or due to other factors), and UE 104 may perform a cell reselection procedure to improve signal strength and quality by switching from the current serving cell to a candidate serving cell. Alternatively, UE 104 may be powered on, changing from an inactive state to an active state or similar, and may initiate a cell selection procedure. In some cases, the low-power radio at UE 104 may be unable to perform the cell selection procedure and / or cell reselection procedure, for example, due to reduced transmit and / or receive capabilities and / or reduced processing capabilities. For example, a low-power radio may be unable to receive signaling from a candidate serving cell and perform signal strength and / or quality measurements on that signaling. Therefore, NE 102 may transmit a WUS to UE 104 to trigger the activation of the primary radio for a cell reselection procedure. However, if NE 102 is in an inactive period of the DTX cycle, NE 102 may be unable to transmit a WUS, thus delaying the cell reselection procedure at UE 104 until the active period. Furthermore, in some cases, the low-power radio at UE 104 may be able to perform the cell reselection procedure. Conventional techniques for cell reselection at UE 104, which has both a primary radio and a low-power radio, involve NE 102 triggering the activation of the primary radio to perform the cell reselection procedure. However, if the low-power radio at UE 104 is able to perform the cell reselection procedure, activating the primary radio may result in unnecessary power consumption at UE 104.

[0055] In some instances, UE 104 may perform one or more measurements, such as defining serving cell quality or measurements related to serving cell quality, and may determine whether to activate the primary radio or low-power radio to monitor signaling related to cell selection or cell reselection procedures. For example, if a measurement meets (e.g., is greater than) a threshold, then UE 104 may activate the low-power radio. If a measurement fails to meet (e.g., is less than) a threshold, then UE 104 may activate the primary radio. In some instances, UE 104 may receive signaling indicating that the serving cell of UE 104 (e.g., NE 102) is using DTX and / or DRX technologies. If the serving cell is configured with DTX cycles (e.g., active and inactive periods), if the serving cell is transmitting according to the DTX cycle during the inactive period of the DTX cycle, and / or if the duration of the active period of the DTX cycle fails to meet (e.g., is less than) a threshold, then UE 104 may not activate the low-power radio. Similarly, if the serving cell is configured with DTX and / or DRX cycles but does not transmit according to said cycles, and / or if the duration of the active period of the DTX cycle meets (e.g., is greater than) a threshold, then UE 104 may activate the low-power radio. Instead of activating the low-power radio, UE 104 may use the primary radio to monitor signaling related to the cell reselection procedure (e.g., broadcast signaling from neighboring cells). If the signal quality of the current serving cell drops below a threshold, then UE 104 may perform the cell reselection procedure by selecting a candidate serving cell. In some instances, UE 104 may determine the capabilities of the low-power radio and may activate the low-power radio or the primary radio based on said capabilities. For example, some low-power radios may be able to perform the cell reselection procedure and / or may be able to receive and decode SSBs (e.g., NR signaling); therefore, UE 104 may activate the low-power radio without activating the primary radio.

[0056] Figure 2 Examples of a wireless communication system 200 according to aspects of this disclosure are described below. In some examples, the wireless communication system 200 implements aspects of the wireless communication system 100. For example, the wireless communication system 200 includes a serving cell 202, one or more candidate serving cells 204, and a UE 104, which may be as described in reference... Figure 1Examples of NE 102 and UE 104 are described. Serving cell 202 and / or candidate serving cell 204 may transmit signaling to one or more radios of UE 104 via downlink wireless communication link 206. For example, serving cell 202 and / or candidate serving cell 204 may transmit data, control signaling, or both to UE 104 via downlink wireless communication link 206. Although downlink wireless communication link 206 is described as a separate wireless communication link, serving cell 202 and / or candidate serving cell 204 may each establish a separate downlink wireless communication link with UE 104.

[0057] In some instances, serving cell 202 and / or candidate serving cell 204 and UE 104 may exchange control signaling to establish and maintain a radio connection. For example, serving cell 202, candidate serving cell 204, and / or UE 104 may exchange one or more reference signals, including but not limited to synchronization signal 208. Serving cell 202, candidate serving cell 204, and / or UE 104 may perform one or more measurements on the reference signals to evaluate signal metrics, including signal quality, signal power, and / or detection rate of the reference signals. Example measurements include, but are not limited to: Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) or power detection, which includes a linear average of the total power received through RSSI resources; Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP), which includes a linear average of the received power of resources containing the reference signal or a portion of the signal; and Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ).

[0058] In some cases, UE 104 can operate in one or more different modes, including an idle or inactive mode in which UE 104 does not actively exchange data transmissions with serving cell 202, and a connected or active mode in which UE 104 actively exchanges data transmissions with serving cell 202. If UE 104 is in an idle or inactive mode, UE 104 can perform a cell selection procedure to establish a connection with serving cell 202 to transmit or receive data. In some instances, UE 104 can trigger the cell selection procedure when UE 104 is powered on, when UE 104 switches to an active transmit or receive mode, or when UE 104 changes its geographical location. UE 104 can perform the cell selection procedure by performing a cell search and measuring one or more candidate serving cells 204. UE 104 can receive reference signals (e.g., synchronization signal 208) from candidate serving cells 204 and can compare the signal characteristics of signals from candidate serving cells 204 to select candidate serving cell 204. For example, UE 104 may select a candidate serving cell 204 with the highest signal strength and / or quality based on signal strength and quality measurements. The candidate serving cell 204 may be one or more cells within UE 104's coverage area. UE 104 may establish a connection with the selected candidate serving cell 204.

[0059] If UE 104 is in active mode, or if UE 104 is in idle mode but continues to monitor the signal quality of a reference signal, then UE 104 may perform a cell reselection procedure if UE 104 determines that one or more signal characteristics meet the criteria. For example, the criteria may be related to signal strength and / or signal quality (e.g., RSRP, RSRQ, RSSI, or any other signal strength or quality parameter). If one or more measurements of the serving cell fail to meet the thresholds for the signal characteristics (e.g., signal strength and / or signal quality parameters), then UE 104 may perform a cell reselection procedure. UE 104 may perform the cell reselection procedure by performing a cell search and measurements of one or more candidate serving cells 204. UE 104 may receive a reference signal (e.g., synchronization signal 208) from the candidate serving cell 204 and may compare the signal characteristics of the signals from the candidate serving cell 204 to select the candidate serving cell 204. For example, UE 104 may select the candidate serving cell 204 with the highest signal strength and / or quality based on performing signal strength and quality measurements. The candidate serving cell 204 can be one or more cells within the coverage area of ​​UE 104. For example, the candidate serving cell 204 can be a cell adjacent to UE 104's current serving cell 202. UE 104 can establish a connection with the selected candidate serving cell 204.

[0060] In some cases, UE 104 may include multiple radio components for transmitting signaling and receiving signaling from network devices (e.g., serving cell 202 and / or candidate serving cell 204). The radio components may have different power consumption levels. For example, UE 104 may include a main radio 210 with a relatively high power consumption level and a low-power radio 212 with a relatively low power consumption level. The relatively high power consumption level may be a power consumption level exceeding a threshold (e.g., a pre-configured value). The relatively low power consumption level may be a power consumption level below a threshold (e.g., the same threshold or a different threshold used for the relatively high power consumption). The main radio 210 may additionally or alternatively be referred to as or may implement a main receiver. Similarly, the low-power radio 212 may additionally or alternatively be referred to as or may implement a low-power receiver and / or low-power wake-up radio (LP-WUR). The main radio 210 may monitor and receive NR signaling, and it may use a higher power than the signaling transmitted to the low-power radio 212. For example, low-power radio 212 may receive a low-power signal (WUS) used to trigger activation of main radio 210, referred to as low-power WUS (LP-WUS). Low-power radio 212 may activate or wake up main radio 210 upon receiving a WUS (e.g., by triggering or otherwise initiating an activity mode at low-power radio 212). Low-power radio 212 may operate with reduced power consumption and / or reduced processing relative to main radio 210. Therefore, low-power radio 212 can use relatively fewer power and / or processing resources to monitor WUS relative to main radio 210, thereby providing reduced power consumption at UE 104. UE 104 may contain any number of radios (e.g., main radio 210 and low-power radio 212). Low-power radio 212 may operate at a lower power consumption level than main radio 210 due to reduced monitoring capabilities (monitoring for shorter durations than main radio 210, monitoring a smaller coverage area than main radio 210, etc.), reduced processing capabilities, or the like. The main radio 210 operates at a higher power level than the low-power radio 212, which can be attributed to increased monitoring coverage and / or processing of different types of signaling (including signaling that requires additional power to process, such as NR signaling)).

[0061] In some instances, UE 104 may activate or deactivate one or more radios based on its operating mode to improve power consumption. For example, in idle mode, also known as low-power mode, UE 104 may deactivate the primary radio 210 and activate the low-power radio 212. In other instances, in active or connected mode, UE 104 may activate the primary radio 210 to exchange signaling (e.g., control signaling or data transmission) with serving cell 202 and / or candidate serving cell 204. In some cases, in idle mode, UE 104 may continue to monitor signaling from serving cell 202 and / or candidate serving cell 204. For example, UE 104 may use low-power radio 212 to monitor one or more synchronization signals 208 from serving cell 202. Serving cell 202 may transmit synchronization signals 208 that have waveform or other signal parameters that low-power radio 212 can receive; therefore, the synchronization signals may be referred to as low-power synchronization signals. For example, low-power synchronization signals may have different characteristics than SSBs (transmit waveform, transmission timing, transmission frequency, etc.). UE 104 can continue to monitor paging messages and / or can initiate the RACH procedure from idle mode, as per [reference needed]. Figure 3 More detailed description.

[0062] In some instances, different types of low-power radios 212 may exist. These different types of low-power radios 212 may have different functions and / or capabilities. For example, a low-power radio 212 may have the capability to receive one or more NR signals (e.g., synchronization signal 208 from serving cell 202 and / or candidate serving cell 204). In some other instances, a low-power radio 212 may not have the capability to receive one or more NR signals and may instead monitor signaling configured for the low-power radio 212 by serving cell 202 and / or candidate serving cell 204 (e.g., by transmission with selected waveforms, timings, frequencies, or other transmission parameters that the low-power radio 212 can receive). For example, a low-power radio 212 may monitor low-power synchronization signals and / or low-power WUS. If the low-power radio 212 is able to receive synchronization signal 208 or other reference signals from serving cell 202 and / or candidate serving cell 204, then UE 104 can perform cell selection or cell reselection procedures without activating the primary radio 210. For example, the low-power radio 212 can receive and measure signals from candidate serving cell 204 to evaluate and select candidate serving cell 204 for a cell selection procedure or a cell reselection procedure.

[0063] In some instances, the low-power radio 212 may have different components providing different functions or capabilities. In some cases, the low-power radio 212 may have a separate baseband (BB) processor, radio frequency (RF) chain 214, and / or antenna 216 compared to the main radio 210. In some other instances, the low-power radio 212 may have a separate BB processor but share the RF chain 214 and antenna 216 with the main radio 210. In still other instances, the low-power radio 212 may share the BB processor, RF chain 214, and antenna 216 with the main radio 210. For Dynamic Spectrum Sharing (DSS), a single low-power processor may be connected to the main radio 210 and one or more low-power radios 212. The low-power radio 212 may correspond to a Radio Access Technology (RAT) or frequency.

[0064] One or more receiver components of UE 104 (e.g., receivers used by the main radio 210 and / or the low-power radio 212) may have different components and / or functionalities. For example, the low-power radio 212 may include a heterodyne envelope detector implemented at the intermediate frequency (IF) level. Envelope detection is a demodulation process that extracts the shape of the amplitude representing the modulation signal as it changes over time. The heterodyne envelope detector combines the incoming modulated signal with the local oscillator signal to obtain the IF. The IF represents the difference between the frequency of the modulated signal and the frequency of the local oscillator signal. The envelope detector extracts the envelope of the IF signal. In some other instances, the low-power radio 212 may include a zero-difference or zero-IF envelope detector at the BB processor. In other instances, the low-power radio 212 may include OFDM-based sequences or signals with time-domain and / or frequency-domain correlation.

[0065] In some instances, serving cell 202 and / or candidate serving cell 204 may be selected to generate the waveform for transmission to low-power radio 212. For example, serving cell 202 and / or candidate serving cell 204 may be selected to provide a waveform with a flat spectrum in the frequency domain, thus exhibiting robustness against frequency-selective fading compared to concentrated energy transmission in the frequency domain. To achieve flat spectrum transmission, serving cell 202 and / or candidate serving cell 204 may select an amplitude shift keying (ASK) modulation scheme, such as an OOK modulation scheme or sequence. An ASK modulation scheme is a modulation scheme in which the transmitting device (e.g., NE, containing serving cell 202 and / or candidate serving cell 204) changes the amplitude of the signal between different levels to represent digital data. Different modulation schemes may contain different numerical numbers of levels. For example, if two levels exist, then data may be transmitted as binary values ​​(e.g., "0" for the first amplitude level, or "1" for the second amplitude level). For example, OOK-4 may refer to an OOK modulation scheme with four levels. Applying an OOK-4 modulation scheme with a sequence (e.g., Zadoff-Chu, M-sequence, or Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) sequence) before the Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) and / or least squares (LS) with phase changes can achieve a flatter spectrum. In some instances, UE 104's knowledge of the sequence used by serving cell 202 and / or candidate serving cell 204 to generate signals (e.g., LP-WUS) can improve the performance of UE 104's receiver.

[0066] In some instances, the receiver may implement in-phase and quadrature (I / Q) branching to represent and demodulate the signal. For example, the receiver may separate the received signal into separate in-phase and quadrature components to represent the modulation of the signal. Knowing one or more sequences for LP-WUS waveform generation can improve the performance of at least one receiver with I / Q branching. In some instances, serving cell 202 and / or candidate serving cell 204 may select waveforms with a coordinated design adapted to different waveforms (e.g., OOK (OOK-1), OOK-4, and OFDM waveforms with one level). For example, the waveform may include an OFDM sequence superimposed with OOK symbols. Depending on the coordinated waveform implementation, the OOK signal may include a sequence transmitted during the ON duration of the OOK transmission or randomly modulated symbols (e.g., for Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK)) to produce a flat spectrum to improve resistance to frequency-selective fading. The sequence may be a Zadoff-Chu sequence, an M sequence, a gold sequence, and / or a Golay sequence. In some cases, no signal transmission occurs during the off duration of the OOK transmission. In some instances, for low-power radios 212 that do not have SSB reception capability, the low-power synchronization signal may contain OOK-1 and / or OOK-4 waveform signals with or without superimposed OFDM sequences.

[0067] NE 102 may transmit one or more WUS to UE 104 to trigger UE 104 to activate primary radio 210. For example, UE 104 may receive WUS (e.g., LP-WUS) at low-power radio 212. Low-power radio 212 or another component of UE 104 communicating with low-power radio 212 and primary radio 210 may activate primary radio 210 to transmit or receive signaling. In some instances, NE 102 may trigger activation of primary radio 210 based on one or more entry and / or exit conditions using low-power radio 212 and primary radio 210. NE 102 may, for example, transmit an indication of entry and / or exit conditions to UE 104 in control signaling. Control signaling may be Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, Media Access Control-Control Element (MAC-CE) and / or Downlink Control Information (DCI) messages, and may include SIBs. Entry conditions using low-power radio 212 at least include serving cell quality that meets a threshold. For example, UE 104 may perform one or more serving cell quality measurements at low-power radio 212 and / or at primary radio 210. UE 104 may compare the serving cell quality measurements with one or more configured thresholds (e.g., indicated in control signaling). If the serving cell quality measurement exceeds the threshold for using low-power radio 212, then UE 104 may activate low-power radio 212 and may deactivate primary radio 210 until low-power radio 212 receives WUS (e.g., to conserve power at UE 104).

[0068] UE 104 may activate the primary radio 210 upon fulfillment of one or more exit conditions. For example, if the serving cell quality measurement at the low-power radio 212 is less than a configured threshold, then UE 104 may activate the primary radio 210. When UE 104 activates the primary radio 210, UE 104 may stop monitoring WUS using the low-power radio 212. In some instances, once UE 104 activates the primary radio 210, UE 104 may use the primary radio 210 to monitor paging information and / or perform RACH procedures, which pertains to... Figure 3 More detailed description.

[0069] In some cases, serving cell 202 may implement discontinuous periods, such as for DTX and DRX, to improve energy efficiency by reducing power consumption during the inactive periods of discontinuous periods when there is no active communication. For example, an NE (e.g., serving cell 202) may configure UE 104 with periodic cell DTX and / or DRX modes (referred to as cell DTX and / or DRX) during the NE's active and inactive (non-active) periods. The NE may configure and activate cell DTX and cell DRX modes individually or together, wherein each MAC entity has a maximum number of cell DTX and / or DRX modes, the MAC entity being the component responsible for managing access to the communication media. For example, for different serving cells 202, the maximum number of modes may be two cell DTX and / or DRX modes per MAC entity. During the inactive periods of cell DTX and / or DRX modes, UE 104 does not transmit or receive channels and / or signals on the corresponding cell. Cell DTX and / or DRX can be activated and deactivated by RRC signaling or Layer 1 (L1) group common control signaling (e.g., with a defined DCI format).

[0070] Discontinuous periods include defined and / or configured inactive and active periods during which the serving cell 202 does not exchange signaling and does exchange signaling, respectively. Inactive periods may follow active periods, or vice versa, and inactive and active periods may occur periodically. The serving cell 202 may define the duration of inactive and active periods as the same or different values. When determining the entry and exit conditions for using low-power radio 212, UE 104 may not consider the DTX and DRX cycles at serving cell 202. Therefore, as serving cell 202 transitions between active and inactive states, UE 104 may enter low-power mode. In low-power mode, UE 104 may deactivate the primary radio 210 and activate low-power radio 212 to monitor WUS and / or synchronization signals 208.

[0071] Signal strength and quality from serving cell 202 may degrade (e.g., due to UE 104 moving out of the serving cell's coverage area, due to environmental factors, or due to other factors), and UE 104 may perform a cell reselection procedure to improve signal strength and quality by switching from the current serving cell 202 to the candidate serving cell 204. Alternatively, UE 104 may be powered on, change from an inactive state to an active state, or similarly, and may initiate a cell selection procedure. In some cases, the low-power radio 212 at UE 104 may fail to perform the cell selection procedure and / or cell reselection procedure, for example, due to reduced transmit and / or receive capabilities and / or reduced processing capabilities. For example, low-power radio 212 may fail to receive reference signals and perform signal strength and / or quality measurements on signaling from the candidate serving cell 204. Therefore, serving cell 202 may transmit a WUS to UE 104 to trigger the activation of the primary radio 210 for a cell reselection procedure. However, if serving cell 202 is in an inactive period of the DTX cycle, serving cell 202 may be unable to transmit WUS, thus delaying the cell reselection procedure at UE 104 until the active period of the DTX cycle. Furthermore, in some cases, low-power radio 212 at UE 104 may be able to perform the cell reselection procedure. Conventional techniques for cell reselection at UE 104 with a master radio 210 and low-power radio 212 involve serving cell 202 triggering the activation of master radio 210 to perform the cell reselection procedure. However, if low-power radio 212 at UE 104 is able to perform the cell reselection procedure, activating master radio 210 may result in unnecessary power consumption at UE 104. Serving cell 202 and / or UE 104 may not include the DTX cycle of serving cell 202 in the entry or exit conditions for using low-power radio 212, not include the capability of low-power radio 212 in the entry or exit conditions for using low-power radio 212, or both.

[0072] In some instances, the NE can configure one or more entry and exit conditions for UE 104 to activate and deactivate the radios of UE 104. The NE can define entry and exit conditions for UE 104 in idle mode that has established a connection with serving cell 202 configured with cell DTX and / or DRX modes and activated with cell DTX and / or DRX modes. For example, entry conditions using low-power radio 212 can define one or more criteria that, when met, cause UE 104 to deactivate the primary radio 210 and activate low-power radio 212 to achieve energy savings at UE 104. Entry conditions can include at least one threshold for measuring a reference signal, such as defining one or more thresholds for signal quality from serving cell 202. If the reference signal measurement meets one or more thresholds (e.g., signal strength or quality exceeds the threshold), then UE 104 can activate low-power radio 212 and deactivate primary radio 210. In some instances, the main radio 210 of UE 104 can perform measurements to determine whether the entry conditions for activating the low-power radio 212 and deactivating the main radio 210 are met.

[0073] Entry conditions may also include criteria related to the DTX and / or DRX modes of the serving cell 202. For example, the NE may configure one or more criteria during which the UE 104 cannot use the low-power radio 212, including but not limited to periods when the serving cell 202 is inactive during the DTX and / or DRX cycle and periods when the serving cell 202 is configured with and / or activated by the cell DTX and / or DRX cycle. The serving cell 202 may not transmit low-power synchronization signals and / or LP-WUS during the inactive periods of the DTX and / or DRX cycle. Alternatively, the NE may configure one or more criteria during which the UE 104 can use the low-power radio 212, including but not limited to when the cell DTX and / or DRX cycle is configured but not activated and when the active period of the DTX and / or DRX cycle is greater than a threshold (e.g., in time slots or milliseconds (ms)). The threshold can be the duration during which UE 104 saves energy by entering a low-power mode and deactivating the main radio 210 (e.g., activating the low-power radio 212 instead of the main radio 210).

[0074] Similarly, the exit condition for low-power radio 212 can define one or more criteria that, when met, cause UE 104 to activate primary radio 210 and deactivate low-power radio 212. The exit condition may include at least one threshold for measuring a reference signal, such as defining one or more thresholds for signal quality from serving cell 202. If the reference signal measurement fails to meet one or more thresholds (e.g., signal strength or quality is less than the threshold), then UE 104 may activate primary radio 210 and deactivate low-power radio 212. In some instances, UE 104's low-power radio 212 may perform measurements to determine whether the exit condition for deactivating low-power radio 212 and activating primary radio 210 is met.

[0075] The exit conditions may also include criteria related to the DTX and / or DRX modes of the serving cell 202. For example, if UE 104 is using low-power radio 212 during the period when configuring and / or activating cell DTX and / or DRX for serving cell 202, then serving cell 202 may use signaling with parameters (waveform, transmit power, time-frequency resources, etc.) that low-power radio 212 can receive and decode to transmit DTX and / or DRX activation commands to UE 104's low-power radio 212. Low-power radio 212 can receive DTX and / or DRX activation commands, and UE 104 may activate master radio 210 before serving cell 202 enters a cell DTX cycle. In some instances, serving cell 202 may transmit DTX and / or DRX activation commands in WUS or any other signaling that low-power radio 212 can decode.

[0076] In some instances, after activation, the primary radio 210 may initiate a cell reselection procedure. For example, UE 104 may select a candidate serving cell 204 that has not entered a DTX cycle. The period or duration taken for the primary radio 210 to activate may be referred to as the activation duration. The activation duration of the primary radio 210 may depend on the dormancy state of the primary radio 210. For example, the activation duration in a deep dormancy state may differ from the activation duration in a deep dormancy state. The serving cell 202 may transmit DTX and / or DRX activation commands to provide UE 104 with sufficient time to initiate a cell reselection procedure. For example, the serving cell 202 may consider the processing time of the low-power radio 212 processing signaling containing the DTX and / or DRX activation commands, the activation duration of the primary radio 210, and / or the period during which the primary radio 210 selects the candidate serving cell 204 (e.g., processing cell reselection parameters from the SIB) to determine when to send signaling that triggers the activation of the primary radio 210. In some instances, low-power radio 212 receives cell DTX and / or DRX activation commands, and UE 104 can activate primary radio 210 for a threshold duration (e.g., X ms) before the serving cell 202 enters the inactive period of the DTX cycle. The threshold duration may take into account the activation duration of primary radio 210 and the duration used to perform cell reselection procedures.

[0077] In some cases, the signaling that triggers the activation of the primary radio 210 (e.g., LP-WUS) may include one or more cell reselection parameters. For example, the signaling may include intra-RAT frequency lists, intra-RAT frequency lists, and / or inter-RAT frequency lists to reduce the delay of the primary radio 210 in performing cell reselection. Alternatively, the signaling that triggers the activation of the primary radio 210 may include an indication that the activation reason is due to cell DTX and / or DRX. Therefore, UE 104 can avoid monitoring PEI and / or paging timing after activation and may not perform the RACH procedure. Alternatively, the primary radio 210 may perform a cell reselection procedure. For example, the primary radio 210 may receive an SSB from the serving cell 202 for synchronization with the serving cell 202 and may monitor an SIB containing parameters for cell reselection. In some instances, cell reselection may involve performing one or more measurements on a reference signal (e.g., synchronization signal 208) from the candidate serving cell 204.

[0078] In some instances, UE 104 may receive a list of neighboring serving cells 202 (e.g., a list of candidate serving cells 204) that support transmitting signals to low-power radio 212. If low-power radio 212 is capable of performing cell measurements (e.g., via LP-SS), then low-power radio 212 may perform a cell reselection procedure without activating the master radio 210.

[0079] In some instances, the entry and exit conditions for the low-power radio 212 used by UE 104 may consider no SSB transmission (no SSB transmission) and / or on-demand SSB transmission. For example, if the low-power radio 212 at UE 104 supports OOK-1 and / or OOK-4 waveforms without OFDM overlay sequences, then UE 104 may check whether the serving cell 202 is transmitting a low-power synchronization signal. If the low-power radio 212 at UE 104 supports OOK-1 and / or OOK-4 waveforms with OFDM overlay sequences, then UE 104 may activate the low-power radio 212 and deactivate the primary radio 210, even when the serving cell 202 has not yet transmitted a low-power synchronization signal. That is, if the low-power radio 212 supports OOK-1 and / or OOK-4 waveforms with OFDM overlay sequences, then the low-power radio 212 may be able to decode the synchronization signal 208 (e.g., PSS and / or SSS) transmitted by the serving cell 202 or the candidate serving cell 204. If the NE does not transmit an SSB or transmits an SSB on demand, then the UE 104 may not use the low-power radio 212, because the UE 104 can use the synchronization signal 208 (e.g., PSS and / or SSS) from the SSB for synchronization.

[0080] In some cases, the exit condition for using low-power radio 212 (e.g., for deactivating low-power radio 212) may include the serving cell 202 configuring or activating no-SSB transmission or on-demand SSB while low-power radio 212 is active. The serving cell 202 may transmit signaling (e.g., WUS) that triggers the activation of the primary radio 210. In some instances, the signaling may include a wake-up indicator, an indication for UE 104 to perform cell reselection, and / or a cell identifier or cell frequency (e.g., when the primary radio 210 receives periodic SSBs as part of cell reselection). Alternatively or additionally, the signaling may include an indication that the serving cell 202 is triggering the activation of the primary radio 210 due to no-SSB or on-demand SSB transmission. Therefore, UE 104 can avoid monitoring PEI and / or paging timing after activation and may not perform the RACH procedure. Alternatively, the primary radio 210 may perform the cell reselection procedure.

[0081] In some instances, low-power radio 212 may be able to perform cell selection and / or cell reselection procedures (e.g., instead of activating master radio 210 to perform cell selection and / or cell reselection procedures). For example, low-power radio 212 may include one or more components and / or functions for monitoring and measuring reference signals from candidate serving cell 204. Low-power radio 212 may receive cell reselection indication 218, which may include indication of cell DTX and / or DRX periodic configuration and / or activation, no SSB or on-demand SSB transmission, or both. Low-power radio 212 may initiate cell selection and / or cell reselection upon receiving cell reselection indication 218. In some instances, serving cell 202 may (e.g., in system information broadcast signaling using low-power technology and / or parameters) transmit a list of intra-RAT co-frequency, intra-RAT inter-frequency, or inter-RAT inter-frequency to low-power radio 212 for cell reselection procedures.

[0082] If the low-power radio 212 supports OOK-1 and / or OOK-4 waveforms without an OFDM overlay sequence, then the low-power radio 212 can use a low-power synchronization signal (e.g., in the case where synchronization signal 208 is a low-power synchronization signal) to perform the measurement and evaluation of candidate serving cell 204. In some cases, UE 104 can select the candidate serving cell 204 with the strongest signal quality by measuring the quality of the low-power synchronization signal and comparing the measurement with a configured threshold (e.g., provided in a cell reselection criterion). If the low-power radio 212 supports OOK-1 and / or OOK-4 waveforms with an OFDM overlay sequence, then the low-power radio 212 can use synchronization signal 208 (e.g., PSS and / or SSS) from candidate serving cell 204 to perform the measurement and evaluation of candidate serving cell. In some cases, UE 104 can select the candidate serving cell 204 with the strongest signal quality by measuring one or more SSS and PSS from candidate serving cell 204 and comparing the measurements with a configured threshold (e.g., provided in the cell reselection criteria).

[0083] In some instances, UE 104 may select a candidate serving cell 204 from a set of strongest candidate serving cells 204 at different frequencies based on prioritizing candidate serving cells 204 from frequencies that maximize the coverage of low-power radio 212. The frequencies may be relatively low and may be configured and / or defined and stored at low-power radio 212. Alternatively, UE 104 may select a candidate serving cell 204 based on indications in system information signaling.

[0084] Therefore, UE 104 may receive a cell reselection indication 218 from serving cell 202, which may trigger a cell reselection procedure performed by low-power radio 212 (if low-power radio 212 is capable of performing the cell reselection procedure), or by primary radio 210. If the cell reselection procedure is performed by primary radio 210, then cell reselection indication 218 may trigger activation of primary radio 210. At 220, UE 104 may activate primary radio and / or may keep low-power radio 212 active for the cell reselection procedure, depending on which radio is performing the cell reselection procedure. That is, if low-power radio 212 is capable of performing the cell reselection procedure, then UE 104 may avoid activating primary radio 210 (e.g., may not activate primary radio 210), and may alternatively keep low-power radio 212 active for the cell reselection procedure. If the low-power radio 212 is unable to perform the cell reselection procedure, the UE 104 may activate the master radio 210 to perform the cell reselection procedure and may deactivate the low-power radio 212. The cell reselection indication 218 may be included in the WUS, which may be a low-power synchronization signal that fails to meet criteria (such as signal strength or quality thresholds) or any other control signaling to the low-power radio 212.

[0085] Figure 3 The following describes an example of a transmission diagram 300 according to aspects of this disclosure. In some instances, the transmission diagram 300 may implement or be implemented by aspects of wireless communication system 100 and wireless communication system 200. Example transmission diagram 300 may be implemented by a UE and NE (e.g., serving cell), and the UE and NE may serve as references. Figure 1 and 2 Examples of the corresponding devices described. For instance, a UE with multiple radios may receive from an NE signaling that triggers a cell reselection procedure by a radio with a relatively low power level (e.g., a low-power radio) or a radio with a relatively high power level (e.g., a primary radio).

[0086] In some instances, a UE may have multiple radios, including a primary radio and a low-power radio. The UE may use the low-power radio to monitor and receive WUS 302 from the NE or serving cell during one or more monitoring times. Monitoring times may belong to a monitoring time set or block. A monitoring time block contains a certain number of repetitions of WUS 302. For example, transmission diagram 300 illustrates two repetitions of WUS 302 during two monitoring times. Once the UE receives WUS 302 (e.g., a repetition of WUS during an assigned or determined monitoring time block), the UE may activate or wake up the primary radio.

[0087] In some instances, the primary radio may require a period of time to activate, referred to as activation duration 304. Activation duration 304 can be based on the primary radio's sleep state. For example, if the primary radio is in a deep sleep state, activation duration 304 may be relatively long (400 milliseconds, 800 ms, etc.). If the primary radio is in a deep sleep state, activation duration 304 may be shorter than when in a deep sleep state (e.g., 20 ms). The UE and / or NE may consider activation duration 304 before transmitting or receiving signaling. For example, the primary radio may provide activation duration 304 to a low-power radio, allowing the low-power radio to consider activation duration 304 and the processing duration for processing signaling at the low-power radio. The low-power radio may calculate activation duration 304 based on the subcarrier spacing configured at the low-power radio, according to time slots, symbols, monitoring timing, or any other time unit. If the NE schedules the UE to use the primary radio to transmit or receive signaling within activation duration 304, the UE may skip transmitting or monitoring signaling. In some instances, the UE may signal the activation duration 304 to the NE via auxiliary information and / or capability signaling. In some cases, the UE may transmit uplink control information indicating the sleep state of the primary radio to the NE before the primary radio enters a sleep state (e.g., using the primary radio).

[0088] The NE can transmit WUS 302 to trigger the UE to activate its primary radio for exchanging communications. In some instances, the communications include signaling that the UE's low-power radio cannot exchange (e.g., NR signaling). For example, the NE can transmit WUS 302 to trigger the UE to perform a RACH procedure. In some instances, the UE can perform a RACH procedure during the initial connection establishment process to establish a connection with the NE. The RACH procedure may contain one or more messages between the UE and the NE. For example, the UE may receive an SSB 306 for synchronization and resource allocation. The UE can use its primary radio to transmit a RACH preamble (PRACH) 308 to the NE. PRACH can initiate a PRACH procedure. The NE can respond to the PRACH by sending a Random Access Response (RAR) to the primary radio. In addition to or as an alternative to the RACH procedure, WUS 302 can trigger the UE to activate its primary radio for monitoring paging information. For example, the UE's primary radio can monitor one or more paging events for paging message 312. In some instances, the UE may receive PEI 314 prior to paging message 312. PEI 314 informs the UE before the paging timing whether it will monitor the paging timing. PEI 314 may contain subgroup information to divide UEs sharing the paging timing into subgroups. In some instances, paging message 312 instructs the UE to establish a connection with the NE to transmit or receive data.

[0089] In some instances, if WUS 302 triggers cell reselection, UE 104 can avoid monitoring PEI 314, paging message 312, and RAR 310, and can also avoid transmitting PRACH 308. Instead, UE 104 can receive SSB 306 and use the synchronization information from SSB 306 to perform the cell reselection procedure, as referenced. Figure 2 describe.

[0090] Figure 4 Example of flowchart 400 according to aspects of this disclosure is illustrated. In some instances, flowchart 400 may implement aspects of wireless communication system 100, wireless communication system 200, and transmission diagram 300. Flowchart 400 may be implemented by a UE and / or NE (e.g., serving cell), and the UE and NE may serve as references. Figure 1 and 2 Examples of the corresponding devices described. For instance, a UE with multiple radios may receive from an NE signaling that triggers a cell reselection procedure by a radio with a relatively low power level (e.g., a low-power radio) or a radio with a relatively high power level (e.g., a primary radio).

[0091] In position 402, the UE's primary radio can perform a cell selection procedure. The cell selection procedure enables the UE to establish a connection with the serving cell.

[0092] In 404, the UE can determine whether the low-power radio access conditions are met. The low-power access conditions can be referenced... Figure 2 Examples of described entry conditions. For example, entry conditions may include one or more of the following: signal strength and / or quality measurements of signaling from the serving cell meet a threshold; the serving cell's DTX and / or DRX cycle configuration or activation state; no SSB transmission and / or on-demand SSB transmission configuration or activation state; one or more capabilities of the low-power radio to perform cell reselection procedures, or similar. At 406, the UE may continue to use the primary radio. For example, if the low-power entry condition is not met, then the UE may continue to use the primary radio (e.g., the low-power radio may not be activated). At 408, the primary radio may enter a dormant state and the low-power radio monitors WUS and signaling used to perform or include serving cell measurements. If the low-power entry condition is met, then the UE may activate the low-power radio to monitor WUS and / or perform serving cell measurements. The UE can deactivate the primary radio by configuring it to enter a dormant state.

[0093] In step 410, the UE can determine whether the low-power radio exit conditions are met. The exit conditions can be referenced. Figure 2Examples of described entry conditions. For example, exit conditions include one or more of the following: signal strength and / or quality measurements of signaling from the serving cell fail to meet a threshold; the serving cell's DTX and / or DRX periodic configuration or activation state; no SSB transmission and / or on-demand SSB transmission configuration or activation state; one or more capabilities of the low-power radio to perform a cell reselection procedure, or similar. At 412, the UE activates the primary radio. For example, if the exit conditions are met, the UE may activate the primary radio. At 414, the UE may continue to use the low-power radio. For example, if the exit conditions are not met, the UE may continue to use the low-power radio.

[0094] In some instances, at 416, the UE can use a low-power radio to monitor the WUS. The UE can monitor the WUS until the low-power radio exit condition is met and / or until the WUS is received. For example, at 418, the UE activates the primary radio. For example, if the UE receives the WUS, then the UE can activate the primary radio. In some other instances, if the WUS indicates that the UE will perform a cell reselection procedure, then the UE can determine whether the low-power radio can perform the cell reselection procedure without activating the primary radio. If the low-power radio can perform the cell reselection procedure, then the low-power radio can avoid activating (e.g., may not activate) the primary radio and can perform the cell reselection procedure. If the low-power radio cannot perform the cell reselection procedure, then the low-power radio can activate the primary radio to perform the cell reselection procedure.

[0095] Figure 5 Example of process flow 500 according to aspects of this disclosure is described. In some instances, process flow 500 may implement aspects of wireless communication system 100, wireless communication system 200, transmission diagram 300, and flowchart 400. Process flow 500 may illustrate an example of UE 104 having multiple radios (including a primary radio 210 and a low-power radio 212). The primary radio 210 has a higher power consumption level than the low-power radio 212. Serving cell 202 may transmit signaling to UE 104 to trigger a cell reselection procedure. UE 104, primary radio 210, low-power radio 212, serving cell 202, and candidate serving cell 204 may be referenced. Figure 1 and 2 Examples of the corresponding apparatus described. The following alternative examples may be implemented, some of which may be performed in a different order than described, or not at all. In some cases, the process may include additional features not mentioned below, or additional processes may be added.

[0096] In some cases, at 502, the low-power radio 212 of UE 104 may receive a cell reselection instruction. The cell reselection instruction may instruct UE 104 to perform a cell reselection procedure to switch from serving cell 202 to candidate serving cell 204. In some cases, serving cell 202 may transmit a cell reselection instruction that explicitly instructs UE 104 to perform a cell reselection procedure. For example, the cell reselection instruction may include signaling instructing periodic configuration or activation of cell DTX and / or DRX at serving cell 202, instructing no-SSB and / or on-demand SSB transmission configuration or activation at serving cell 202, or similar. In some other cases, the cell reselection instruction may include signaling with associated measurements, such as a reference signal. For example, UE 104 may measure a reference signal to determine the signal strength and / or signal quality of downlink signaling from serving cell 202. The measurement may include one or more of RSRP, RSRQ, RSSI, or any other signal measurements. If the measurement fails to meet the threshold (e.g., below the signal strength and / or signal quality threshold), then UE 104 may determine to perform a cell reselection procedure. In some instances, the serving cell 202 includes a cell reselection indication in control signaling (e.g., WUS, synchronization signaling, system information signaling, or any other signaling to low-power radio 212).

[0097] In step 504, UE 104 may determine whether to activate the primary radio 210 or the low-power radio 212 for cell reselection procedures based on the measurement failing to meet a threshold, based on the serving cell 202 being configured with or activating cell DTX and / or DRX cycles, and / or based on the serving cell 202 being configured or activated with no SSB or on-demand SSB transmission. In some instances, UE 104 may determine whether the low-power radio 212 is capable of performing the cell reselection procedure. If the low-power radio 212 is capable of performing the cell reselection procedure, then UE 104 may activate the low-power radio 212 or keep the low-power radio 212 active, and may deactivate the primary radio 210, or avoid activation (e.g., may not activate) the primary radio 210. If the low-power radio 212 is unable to perform the cell reselection procedure, then UE 104 may activate the primary radio 210 and deactivate the low-power radio 212.

[0098] UE 104 may receive or perform one or more measurements (e.g., signal strength and / or signal quality measurements) to determine whether entry and / or exit conditions for activating the primary radio 210 and / or the low-power radio 212 are met. In some instances, the primary radio 210 may perform measurements, and if the measurement is above a threshold (e.g., if the low-power radio 212 entry condition is met), then UE 104 may activate the low-power radio 212 and deactivate the primary radio 210. In some other instances, the low-power radio 212 may perform measurements, and if the measurement is below a threshold (e.g., if the low-power radio 212 exit condition is met), then UE 104 may deactivate the low-power radio 212 and activate the primary radio 210. The measurements may be associated with the serving cell 202, as the measurements may represent the signal strength and / or signal quality of downlink signaling received by UE 104 (e.g., primary radio 210 and / or low-power radio 212) from the serving cell 202.

[0099] At 506, UE 104 may receive signaling related to the cell reselection procedure from serving cell 202 and / or from candidate serving cell 204. For example, the signaling may include one or more synchronization signals. Depending on which radios are activated at UE 104, UE 104 may use low-power radio 212 and / or primary radio 210 to monitor and receive the signaling. If low-power radio 212 is activated, then UE 104 may use low-power radio 212 to monitor and decode the signaling. If primary radio 210 is activated, then UE 104 may use primary radio 210 to monitor and decode the signaling.

[0100] At 508, UE 104 may select a candidate serving cell 204 from a list or set of candidate serving cells 204. The candidate serving cell 204 may include serving cells adjacent to UE 104's current serving cell 202. In some instances, serving cell 202 may include one or more parameters related to the cell reselection procedure and / or candidate serving cell 204 in control signaling (e.g., in the cell reselection instruction at 502 and / or in signaling separate from the cell reselection instruction).

[0101] In some instances, parameters in the control signaling related to the cell reselection procedure and / or candidate serving cell 204 may include a frequency corresponding to candidate serving cell 204. Alternatively, the parameters may include one or more active periods and one or more inactive / non-active periods of serving cell 202. In some cases, UE 104 avoids activating low-power radio 212 during one or more inactive periods. In other cases, if active and inactive periods (e.g., DTX and / or DRX cycles) are configured and / or activated at serving cell 202, then UE 104 avoids activating low-power radio 212. In some instances, if the duration of one or more active periods meets (e.g., is greater than) a threshold, then UE 104 activates low-power radio 212.

[0102] In some cases, UE 104 receives the WUS before one or more active periods and one or more inactive periods, and if the low-power radio 212 is unable to perform the cell reselection procedure, then the primary radio 210 is activated to perform the cell reselection procedure. The WUS may contain cell reselection parameters for the cell reselection procedure (e.g., frequency values, a list of candidate serving cells 204, or any other parameters related to cell reselection). In some instances, if UE 104 receives an indication of the DTX and / or DRX cycles (e.g., the configuration of active and inactive periods for serving cell 202), then UE 104 may avoid monitoring PEI, paging timing, RACH messages, and / or avoid transmitting RACH messages. In some instances, UE 104 may activate the primary radio 210 for a threshold duration before the inactive period within one or more inactive periods.

[0103] In some instances, if the low-power radio 212 is capable of performing a cell reselection procedure, then UE 104 can avoid activating the primary radio 210 and can perform the cell reselection procedure based on measurements associated with one or more candidate serving cells 204. In some cases, if the low-power radio 212 supports waveforms of non-overlayed OFDM sequences (e.g., OOK-1 and / or OOK-4 waveforms), then the low-power radio 212 can use a low-power synchronization signal (e.g., in the case where the synchronization signal at 506 is a low-power synchronization signal) to perform measurements and evaluations of the candidate serving cells 204. In some cases, UE 104 can select the candidate serving cell 204 with the strongest signal quality by measuring the quality of the low-power synchronization signal and comparing the measurement with a configured threshold. If the low-power radio 212 supports waveforms with superimposed OFDM sequences (e.g., OOK-1 and / or OOK-4 waveforms), then the low-power radio 212 can use the synchronization signal 208 (e.g., SSB (e.g., containing PSS and / or SSS)) from the candidate serving cell 204 to perform the measurement and evaluation of the candidate serving cell.

[0104] In some cases, UE 104 receives a WUS at 502, indicating that the purpose of the WUS is to trigger a cell reselection procedure, and wakes up the master radio 210 at 504 to perform the cell reselection procedure. The UE receives an SSB at 506 and avoids monitoring and / or transmitting paging messages (e.g., PEI and paging timing) and RACH procedure messages. The WUS may contain the cell identifier of the candidate serving cell 204, the frequency of the candidate serving cell 204, or both.

[0105] In some instances, UE 104 may select a candidate serving cell at 508 by measuring the synchronization signal from the candidate serving cell 204 to determine the corresponding signal quality value of one or more candidate serving cells 204. UE 104 may select the candidate serving cell 204 with the highest signal quality value.

[0106] Figure 6 An example of a UE 600 according to aspects of this disclosure is described. UE 600 may include a processor 602, a memory 604, a controller 606, and a transceiver 608. The processor 602, memory 604, controller 606, or transceiver 608, or various combinations thereof, or various components thereof, may be examples of components for performing the aspects of this disclosure described herein. These components may be coupled via one or more interfaces (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, or electrically).

[0107] Processor 602, memory 604, controller 606, or transceiver 608, or various combinations or components thereof, may be implemented in hardware (e.g., a circuit system). The hardware may include processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), or other programmable logic devices, or any combination thereof configured or otherwise supporting components for performing the functions described in this disclosure.

[0108] Processor 602 may include intelligent hardware devices (e.g., general-purpose processors, DSPs, CPUs, ASICs, FPGAs, or any combination thereof). In some embodiments, processor 602 may be configured to operate memory 604. In some other embodiments, memory 604 may be integrated into processor 602. Processor 602 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in memory 604 to cause UE 600 to perform various functions of this disclosure.

[0109] Memory 604 may comprise volatile or non-volatile memory. Memory 604 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code containing instructions that, when executed by processor 602, cause UE 600 to perform the various functions described herein. The code may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium, such as memory 604 or another type of memory. Computer-readable media includes both non-transitory computer storage media and communication media, including any media that facilitates the transfer of computer programs from one place to another. Non-transitory storage media may be any available media accessible by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer.

[0110] In some implementations, processor 602 and memory 604 coupled to processor 602 may be configured to cause UE 600 to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., instructions stored in memory 604 executed by processor 602). For example, processor 602 may support wireless communication at UE 600 according to the examples disclosed herein. In some cases, UE 600 may be configured or operable to support components for: receiving a first signaling associated with a measurement, said measurement being associated with a serving cell; activating at least one of a first radio or a second radio based on said measurement satisfying at least one threshold; and monitoring a second signaling associated with a cell reselection procedure via the first radio or the second radio, wherein the cell reselection procedure corresponds to selecting a candidate serving cell from one or more candidate serving cells.

[0111] Alternatively or concurrently, UE 600 may be configured or operable to support any or a combination of the following components: receiving third signaling indicating one or more active periods and one or more inactive periods of the serving cell; avoiding activation of the first radio during one or more inactive periods in order to activate at least one of the first or second radios; avoiding activation of the first radio based on the received third signaling in order to activate at least one of the first or second radios; activating the first radio based on the duration of one or more active periods meeting a threshold in order to activate at least one of the first or second radios. The third signaling is received by the first radio and, prior to one or more active periods and one or more inactive periods, receives WUS and activates the second radio for a cell reselection procedure, wherein activation of the second radio is based on the ability of the first radio to perform the cell reselection procedure. The WUS contains multiple cell reselection parameters associated with the cell reselection procedure. The WUS contains indications of one or more active periods and one or more inactive periods, and avoids transmitting signaling including one or more of PEI, paging timing, or RACH messages. A second radio threshold duration is activated prior to an inactive period within one or more inactive periods. A third signaling is received by the first radio and, based on the first radio's ability to perform a cell reselection procedure, avoids activating the second radio and performs the cell reselection procedure based on measurements associated with one or more candidate serving cells. A synchronization signal is received from the serving cell based on the first radio's inability to support waveforms with superimposed OFDM sequences. A synchronization signal is also received from the serving cell based on the first radio supporting waveforms with superimposed OFDM sequences. To activate at least one of the first or second radios, a WUS triggering a cell reselection procedure is received via the first radio, the second radio is activated to perform the cell reselection procedure, an SSB is received via the second radio based on activating the second radio to perform the cell reselection procedure, and signaling is triggered based on the WUS to avoid transmitting one or more of the following: PEI, paging timing, or RACH message. The WUS includes one or more of the following: a cell identifier associated with a candidate serving cell or a frequency associated with a candidate serving cell. To activate at least one of the first or second radios, the activation of the second radio is avoided by utilizing the ability of the first radio to perform a cell reselection procedure, and the cell reselection procedure is performed using the first radio. A third signaling instruction corresponding to a specific frequency of one or more candidate serving cells is received via the first radio, wherein the cell reselection procedure is based on the specific frequency. One or more synchronization signals are measured to determine a specific signal quality value for one or more candidate serving cells, wherein the cell reselection procedure is based on the specific signal quality value of one or more candidate serving cells.Measurements are associated with a second radio, and to activate at least one of the first or second radios, the first radio is activated based on a measurement exceeding at least a threshold, and the second radio is deactivated based on a measurement exceeding at least a threshold. Measurements are associated with a first radio, and to activate at least one of the first or second radios, the second radio is activated based on a measurement falling below at least a threshold. The first radio is associated with a first power level, and the second radio is associated with a second power level different from the first power level.

[0112] Alternatively or concurrently, UE 600 may support: a first radio; a second radio; at least one memory; and at least one processor coupled to at least one memory and configured to enable UE to: receive first signaling associated with a measurement, said measurement being associated with a serving cell; activate at least one of the first radio or the second radio based on said measurement satisfying at least one threshold; and monitor second signaling associated with a cell reselection procedure via the first radio or the second radio, wherein the cell reselection procedure corresponds to selecting a candidate serving cell from one or more candidate serving cells.

[0113] Additionally, UE 600 may be configured to support any or a combination of the following: receiving third signaling indicating one or more active periods and one or more inactive periods of the serving cell. To activate at least one of the first or second radios, UE 600 avoids activating the first radio during one or more inactive periods. To activate at least one of the first or second radios, UE 600 avoids activating the first radio based on the received third signaling. To activate at least one of the first or second radios, UE 600 activates the first radio based on the duration of one or more active periods meeting a threshold. The third signaling is received by the first radio, and UE 600 receives the WUS and activates the second radio for a cell reselection procedure before one or more active periods and one or more inactive periods, wherein activating the second radio is based on the ability of the first radio to perform the cell reselection procedure. The WUS contains multiple cell reselection parameters associated with the cell reselection procedure. The WUS includes indications of one or more active periods and one or more inactive periods, and UE 600 avoids transmitting signaling that includes one or more of the PEI, paging timing, or RACH messages. UE 600 activates a second radio threshold duration before the inactive period within one or more inactive periods. A third signaling is received by the first radio, and UE 600 avoids activating the second radio based on the first radio's ability to perform cell reselection procedures and performs cell reselection procedures based on measurements associated with one or more candidate serving cells. UE 600 receives a synchronization signal from the serving cell based on the first radio's inability to support waveforms with superimposed OFDM sequences. UE 600 also receives a synchronization signal from the serving cell based on the first radio's support for waveforms with superimposed OFDM sequences. To activate at least one of the first or second radios, UE 600: receives a WUS (Wideband Usage Information) triggering a cell reselection procedure via the first radio; activates the second radio to perform the cell reselection procedure; receives an SSB (Standard Service Bus) based on activating the second radio to perform the cell reselection procedure; and triggers the cell reselection procedure based on the WUS to avoid transmitting signaling containing one or more of a PEI (Paging Indicator), paging timing, or RACH message. The WUS contains one or more of a cell identifier associated with a candidate serving cell or a frequency associated with a candidate serving cell. To activate at least one of the first or second radios, UE 600 avoids activating the second radio and uses the first radio to perform the cell reselection procedure in order to activate the first radio. UE 600 receives a third signaling via the first radio indicating a corresponding frequency for one or more candidate serving cells, wherein the cell reselection procedure is based on the corresponding frequency. UE 600 measures one or more synchronization signals to determine corresponding signal quality values ​​for one or more candidate serving cells, wherein the cell reselection procedure is based on the corresponding signal quality values ​​of one or more candidate serving cells.Measurements are associated with a second radio, and in order to activate at least one of the first or second radios, UE 600 activates the first radio based on a measurement exceeding at least a threshold and deactivates the second radio based on a measurement exceeding at least a threshold. Measurements are associated with a first radio, and in order to activate at least one of the first or second radios, UE 600 activates the second radio based on a measurement falling below at least a threshold. The first radio is associated with a first power level, and the second radio is associated with a second power level different from the first power level.

[0114] Controller 606 manages the input and output signals of UE 600. Controller 606 can also manage peripheral devices not integrated into UE 600. In some embodiments, controller 606 may utilize an operating system, such as iOS®, Android®, Windows®, or other operating systems. In some embodiments, controller 606 may be implemented as part of processor 602.

[0115] In some embodiments, UE 600 may include at least one transceiver 608. In other embodiments, UE 600 may have more than one transceiver 608. Transceiver 608 may represent a wireless transceiver. Transceiver 608 may include one or more receiver chains 610, one or more transmitter chains 612, or a combination thereof.

[0116] Receiver chain 610 may be configured to receive signals (e.g., control information, data, packets) via wireless media. For example, receiver chain 610 may include one or more antennas for receiving signals over the air or wireless media. Receiver chain 610 may include at least one amplifier (e.g., a low-noise amplifier (LNA)) configured to amplify the received signal. Receiver chain 610 may include at least one demodulator configured to demodulate the received signal by reversing the modulation technique applied during signal transmission and obtain the transmitted data. Receiver chain 610 may include at least one decoder for decoding the demodulated signal to receive the transmitted data.

[0117] Transmitter chain 612 can be configured to generate and transmit signals (e.g., control information, data, packets). Transmitter chain 612 may include at least one modulator for modulating data onto a carrier signal in preparation for transmission over a wireless medium. The at least one modulator may be configured to support one or more techniques, such as amplitude modulation (AM), frequency modulation (FM), or digital modulation schemes like phase shift keying (PSK) or QAM. Transmitter chain 612 may also include at least one power amplifier configured to amplify the modulated signal to an appropriate power level suitable for transmission over a wireless medium. Transmitter chain 612 may also include one or more antennas for transmitting the amplified signal into the air or wireless medium.

[0118] Figure 7 Examples of processor 700 according to aspects of this disclosure are described. Processor 700 may be an example of a processor configured to perform various operations according to the examples described herein. Processor 700 may include a controller 702 configured to perform various operations according to the examples described herein. Processor 700 may optionally include at least one memory 704, which may be, for example, an L1 / L2 / L3 cache. Additionally or alternatively, processor 700 may optionally include one or more arithmetic logic units (ALUs) 706. One or more of these components may be electronically communicated or otherwise coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more interfaces (e.g., buses). In some examples, a low-power processor implements one or more of the functions of processor 700.

[0119] Processor 700 may be a processor chipset and includes a protocol stack (e.g., a software stack) executed by the processor chipset to perform various operations (e.g., receive, acquire, retrieve, transmit, output, forward, store, determine, identify, access, write, read) according to the examples described herein. The processor chipset may include one or more cores, one or more caches (e.g., memory local to the processor chipset (e.g., processor 700) or included in the processor chipset) or other memory (e.g., random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous dynamic RAM (SDRAM), static RAM (SRAM), ferroelectric RAM (FeRAM), magnetic RAM (MRAM), resistive RAM (RRAM), flash memory, phase-change memory (PCM), and others).

[0120] Controller 702 can be configured to manage and coordinate various operations of processor 700 (e.g., signaling, receiving, acquiring, retrieving, transmitting, outputting, forwarding, storing, determining, identifying, accessing, writing, and reading) to enable processor 700 to support various operations according to the examples described herein. For example, controller 702 can operate as a control unit of processor 700, generating control signals that manage the operation of various components of processor 700. These control signals include enabling or disabling functional units, selecting data paths, initiating memory access, and coordinating operation timing.

[0121] Controller 702 may be configured to fetch (e.g., fetch, retrieve, receive) instructions from memory 704 and determine subsequent instructions to be executed to enable processor 700 to support various operations according to the examples described herein. Controller 702 may be configured to track the memory addresses of instructions associated with memory 704. Controller 702 may be configured to decode instructions to determine the operations to be performed and the operands involved. For example, controller 702 may be configured to interpret instructions and determine control signals to be output to other components of processor 700 to enable processor 700 to support various operations according to the examples described herein. Alternatively or additionally, controller 702 may be configured to manage data flow within processor 700. Controller 702 may be configured to control data transfers between registers, ALU 706, and other functional units of processor 700.

[0122] Memory 704 may include one or more caches (e.g., memory local to or included in processor 700) or other memories, such as RAM, ROM, DRAM, SDRAM, SRAM, MRAM, flash memory, etc. In some embodiments, memory 704 may reside within or on the processor chipset (e.g., locally to processor 700). In some other embodiments, memory 704 may reside outside the processor chipset (e.g., remotely from processor 700).

[0123] Memory 704 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code containing instructions that, when executed by processor 700, cause processor 700 to perform the various functions described herein. The code may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium, such as system memory or another type of memory. Controller 702 and / or processor 700 may be configured to execute the computer-readable instructions stored in memory 704 to cause processor 700 to perform various functions. For example, processor 700 and / or controller 702 may be coupled to or coupled to memory 704, and processor 700 and controller 702 may be configured to perform the various functions described herein. In some instances, processor 700 may include multiple processors, and memory 704 may include multiple memories. One or more of the multiple processors may be coupled to one or more of the multiple memories, which may be individually or jointly configured to perform the various functions described herein.

[0124] One or more ALU 706s can be configured to support various operations according to the examples described herein. In some embodiments, one or more ALU 706s may reside within or on a processor chipset (e.g., processor 700). In some other embodiments, one or more ALU 706s may reside outside the processor chipset (e.g., processor 700). One or more ALU 706s can perform one or more calculations on data, such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. For example, one or more ALU 706s can receive input operands and opcodes, which determine the operation to be performed. One or more ALU 706s can be configured with various logic and arithmetic circuitry, including adders, subtractors, shifters, and logic gates, to process and manipulate data according to the operation. Alternatively, one or more ALU 706s may support logical operations such as AND, OR, XOR, NOR, and NAND, enabling one or more ALU 706s to handle conditional operations, comparisons, and bitwise operations.

[0125] Processor 700 may support wireless communication according to the examples disclosed herein. Processor 700 may be configured or operable to support: at least one controller coupled to at least one memory and configured such that the processor: receives first signaling associated with a measurement, said measurement being associated with a serving cell; activates at least one of a first radio or a second radio based on said measurement satisfying at least one threshold; and monitors second signaling associated with a cell reselection procedure via the first radio or the second radio, wherein the cell reselection procedure corresponds to selecting a candidate serving cell from one or more candidate serving cells.

[0126] Alternatively or concurrently, processor 700 may be configured or operable to support any or a combination of the following: receiving third signaling indicating one or more active periods and one or more inactive periods of a serving cell. To activate at least one of a first radio or a second radio, processor 700 avoids activation of the first radio during one or more inactive periods. To activate at least one of the first radio or the second radio, processor 700 avoids activation of the first radio based on the received third signaling. To activate at least one of the first radio or the second radio, processor 700 activates the first radio based on the duration of one or more active periods meeting a threshold. The third signaling is received by the first radio, and processor 700 receives the WUS and activates the second radio for a cell reselection procedure before one or more active periods and one or more inactive periods, wherein activation of the second radio is based on the capability of the first radio to perform the cell reselection procedure. The WUS includes multiple cell reselection parameters associated with the cell reselection procedure. The WUS includes indications of one or more active periods and one or more inactive periods, and the processor 700 avoids transmitting signaling that includes one or more of the following: PEI, paging timing, or RACH message. The processor 700 activates a second radio threshold duration before the inactive period within one or more inactive periods. A third signaling is received by the first radio, and the processor 700 avoids activating the second radio based on the first radio's ability to perform a cell reselection procedure and performs the cell reselection procedure based on measurements associated with one or more candidate serving cells. The processor 700 receives a synchronization signal from the serving cell based on the first radio's inability to support waveforms with superimposed OFDM sequences. The processor 700 also receives a synchronization signal from the serving cell based on the first radio's support for waveforms with superimposed OFDM sequences. To activate at least one of the first or second radios, processor 700: receives a WUS (Wideband Usage Information) triggering a cell reselection procedure via the first radio; activates the second radio to perform the cell reselection procedure; receives an SSB (Standard Service Buffer) based on activating the second radio to perform the cell reselection procedure; and triggers the cell reselection procedure based on the WUS to avoid transmitting signaling containing one or more of a PEI (Paging Indicator), paging timing, or RACH (Rapid Reselection) message. The WUS contains one or more of a cell identifier associated with a candidate serving cell or a frequency associated with a candidate serving cell. To activate at least one of the first or second radios, processor 700 avoids activating the second radio and performs the cell reselection procedure using the first radio based on the ability of the first radio to perform the cell reselection procedure. Processor 700 receives a third signaling via the first radio indicating a corresponding frequency for one or more candidate serving cells, wherein the cell reselection procedure is based on the corresponding frequency. Processor 700 measures one or more synchronization signals to determine corresponding signal quality values ​​for one or more candidate serving cells, wherein the cell reselection procedure is based on the corresponding signal quality values ​​for one or more candidate serving cells.The measurement is associated with a second radio, and in order to activate at least one of the first or second radios, the processor 700 activates the first radio based on the measurement being higher than at least a threshold and deactivates the second radio based on the measurement being higher than at least a threshold. The measurement is associated with the first radio, and in order to activate at least one of the first or second radios, the processor 700 activates the second radio based on the measurement being lower than at least a threshold. The first radio is associated with a first power level, and the second radio is associated with a second power level different from the first power level.

[0127] Figure 8 An example of NE 800 according to aspects of this disclosure is described. NE 800 may include a processor 802, a memory 804, a controller 806, and a transceiver 808. The processor 802, memory 804, controller 806, or transceiver 808, or various combinations thereof, or various components thereof, may be examples of components for performing the aspects of this disclosure described herein. These components may be coupled via one or more interfaces (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically).

[0128] Processor 802, memory 804, controller 806, or transceiver 808, or various combinations or components thereof, may be implemented in hardware (e.g., a circuit system). The hardware may include processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), or other programmable logic devices, or any combination thereof configured or otherwise supporting components for performing the functions described in this disclosure.

[0129] Processor 802 may include intelligent hardware devices (e.g., general-purpose processors, DSPs, CPUs, ASICs, FPGAs, or any combination thereof). In some embodiments, processor 802 may be configured to operate memory 804. In some other embodiments, memory 804 may be integrated into processor 802. Processor 802 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in memory 804 to cause NE 800 to perform various functions of this disclosure.

[0130] Memory 804 may comprise volatile or non-volatile memory. Memory 804 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code containing instructions that, when executed by processor 802, cause NE 800 to perform the various functions described herein. The code may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium, such as memory 804 or another type of memory. Computer-readable media includes both non-transitory computer storage media and communication media, encompassing any media that facilitates the transfer of computer programs from one place to another. Non-transitory storage media may be any available media accessible by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer.

[0131] In some implementations, processor 802 and memory 804 coupled to processor 802 may be configured to cause NE 800 to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., instructions stored in memory 804 are executed by processor 802). For example, processor 802 may support wireless communication at NE 800 according to the examples disclosed herein. NE 800 may be configured or operable to support components for: transmitting a first signaling associated with a measurement, said measurement being associated with a serving cell; and transmitting a second signaling to trigger activation of at least one of a first radio or a second radio of the UE to perform a cell reselection procedure corresponding to a candidate serving cell from one or more candidate serving cells, activation based on the measurement satisfying at least one threshold.

[0132] Alternatively or concurrently, the NE 800 may be configured or operable to support components for any or a combination of the following: transmitting third signaling indicating one or more active periods and one or more inactive periods of the serving cell; transmitting a WUS before one or more active periods and one or more inactive periods; the WUS containing multiple cell reselection parameters associated with a cell reselection procedure; the WUS containing indications of one or more active periods and one or more inactive periods; the WUS containing a threshold duration for activating a second radio before an inactive period within one or more inactive periods; transmitting a low-power synchronization signal based on the first radio's inability to support waveforms with superimposed OFDM sequences; transmitting a synchronization signal based on the first radio supporting waveforms with superimposed OFDM sequences; transmitting a WUS to the first radio that triggers a cell reselection procedure, wherein the second radio is activated for the cell reselection procedure, and transmitting one or more SSBs corresponding to the cell reselection procedure to the second radio; the WUS containing one or more of a cell identifier associated with a candidate serving cell or a frequency associated with a candidate serving cell. The third signaling corresponds to the corresponding frequency of one or more candidate serving cells via the first radio transmission instruction.

[0133] Alternatively, the NE 800 may support: at least one memory; and at least one processor coupled to the at least one memory and configured such that the NE 800: transmits a first signaling associated with a measurement, said measurement being associated with a serving cell; and transmits a second signaling to trigger activation of at least one of the UE's first or second radios to perform a cell reselection procedure corresponding to a candidate serving cell from one or more candidate serving cells, the activation being based on the measurement satisfying at least one threshold.

[0134] Additionally, the NE 800 can be configured to support any or a combination of the following: transmitting third signaling indicating one or more active periods and one or more inactive periods of the serving cell; transmitting a WUS before one or more active periods and one or more inactive periods; the WUS containing multiple cell reselection parameters associated with a cell reselection procedure; the WUS containing indications of one or more active periods and one or more inactive periods; the WUS containing a threshold duration for activating a second radio before an inactive period within one or more inactive periods; the NE 800 transmitting a low-power synchronization signal based on the first radio's inability to support waveforms with superimposed OFDM sequences; and the NE 800 transmitting a synchronization signal based on the first radio supporting waveforms with superimposed OFDM sequences. The NE 800: transmits a WUS to the first radio that triggers a cell reselection procedure, wherein the second radio is activated for the cell reselection procedure; and transmits one or more SSBs corresponding to the cell reselection procedure to the second radio. The WUS contains one or more of a cell identifier associated with a candidate serving cell or a frequency associated with a candidate serving cell. The NE 800 transmits a third signaling via a first radio transmission corresponding to the corresponding frequency of one or more candidate serving cells.

[0135] Controller 806 manages the input and output signals of NE 800. Controller 806 can also manage peripheral devices not integrated into NE 800. In some embodiments, controller 806 may utilize an operating system such as iOS®, Android®, Windows®, or other operating systems. In some embodiments, controller 806 may be implemented as part of processor 802.

[0136] In some embodiments, NE 800 may include at least one transceiver 808. In other embodiments, NE 800 may have more than one transceiver 808. Transceiver 808 may represent a wireless transceiver. Transceiver 808 may include one or more receiver chains 810, one or more transmitter chains 812, or a combination thereof.

[0137] Receiver chain 810 may be configured to receive signals (e.g., control information, data, packets) via wireless media. For example, receiver chain 810 may include one or more antennas for receiving signals over the air or wireless media. Receiver chain 810 may include at least one amplifier (e.g., a low-noise amplifier (LNA)) configured to amplify the received signal. Receiver chain 810 may include at least one demodulator configured to demodulate the received signal by reversing the modulation technique applied during signal transmission and obtain the transmitted data. Receiver chain 810 may include at least one decoder for decoding the demodulated signal to receive the transmitted data.

[0138] Transmitter chain 812 can be configured to generate and transmit signals (e.g., control information, data, packets). Transmitter chain 812 may include at least one modulator for modulating data onto a carrier signal in preparation for transmission over a wireless medium. The at least one modulator may be configured to support one or more technologies, such as AM, FM, or digital modulation schemes like PSK or QAM. Transmitter chain 812 may also include at least one power amplifier configured to amplify the modulated signal to an appropriate power level suitable for transmission over a wireless medium. Transmitter chain 812 may also include one or more antennas for transmitting the amplified signal into the air or wireless medium.

[0139] Figure 9 A flowchart illustrating method 900 according to an aspect of this disclosure is provided. The operation of the method can be implemented by a UE, as described herein. In some embodiments, the UE can execute a set of instructions to control functional elements of the UE to perform the described functions. It should be noted that the method described herein describes possible implementations, and the operations and steps can be rearranged or otherwise modified, and other implementations are possible. Furthermore, some of the operations and steps may be optional.

[0140] In some instances, at 902, the method may include receiving first signaling associated with a measurement, said measurement being associated with a serving cell. Operation of 902 may be performed according to the examples described herein. In some implementations, aspects of operation of 902 may be described by reference to... Figure 6 The UE execution described.

[0141] At 904, the method may include activating at least one of a first radio or a second radio based on the measurement satisfying at least one threshold. Operation of 904 may be performed according to the examples described herein. In some embodiments, aspects of the operation of 904 may be described by reference to... Figure 6 The UE execution described.

[0142] In 906, the method may include monitoring a second signaling associated with a cell reselection procedure via a first or second radio, wherein the cell reselection procedure corresponds to selecting a candidate serving cell from one or more candidate serving cells. Operation of 906 may be performed according to the examples described herein. In some embodiments, aspects of the operation of 906 may be described by reference to... Figure 6 The UE execution described.

[0143] Figure 10 A flowchart illustrating method 1000 according to an aspect of this disclosure is provided. The operation of the method may be implemented by a NE, as described herein. In some embodiments, the NE may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the NE to perform the described functions. It should be noted that the method described herein describes possible implementations, and the operation and steps may be rearranged or otherwise modified, and other implementations are possible.

[0144] In 1002, the method may include transmitting a first signaling associated with a measurement, said measurement being associated with a serving cell. The operation of 1002 may be performed according to the examples described herein. In some embodiments, aspects of the operation of 1002 may be described by reference to... Figure 8 The described NE execution.

[0145] In 1004, the method may include transmitting a second signaling to trigger activation of at least one of the UE's first or second radio to perform a cell reselection procedure corresponding to a candidate serving cell from one or more candidate serving cells, the activation being based on a measurement satisfying at least one threshold. Operation of 1004 may be performed according to the examples described herein. In some embodiments, aspects of the operation of 1004 may be described by reference to... Figure 8 The described NE execution.

[0146] The description herein is provided to enable those skilled in the art to make or use this disclosure. Various modifications to this disclosure will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of this disclosure. Therefore, this disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein, but should be given the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A UE for wireless communication, comprising: First radio; Second radio; At least one memory; and At least one processor, coupled to and configured to enable the UE to: Receive first signaling associated with a measurement, which is associated with the serving cell; Based on the measurement satisfying at least one threshold, at least one of the first radio or the second radio is activated; and The second signaling associated with a cell reselection procedure is monitored via the first radio or the second radio, wherein the cell reselection procedure corresponds to selecting a candidate serving cell from one or more candidate serving cells.

2. The UE of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to enable the UE to receive third signaling indicating one or more active periods and one or more inactive periods of the serving cell.

3. The UE of claim 2, wherein, in order to activate at least one of the first radio or the second radio, the at least one processor is further configured to prevent the UE from activating the first radio during the one or more inactive periods.

4. The UE of claim 2, wherein, in order to activate at least one of the first radio or the second radio, the at least one processor is further configured to cause the UE to avoid activating the first radio based on the third signaling.

5. The UE of claim 2, wherein, in order to activate at least one of the first radio or the second radio, the at least one processor is further configured to enable the UE to activate the first radio based on the duration of the one or more activity periods satisfying a threshold.

6. The UE of claim 2, wherein the third signaling is received by the first radio, and wherein the at least one processor is further configured to cause the UE to: Receive a wake-up signal WUS before the one or more active periods and the one or more inactive periods; and The second radio is activated to perform the cell reselection procedure, wherein the activation of the second radio is based on the ability of the first radio to perform the cell reselection procedure.

7. The UE of claim 6, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to enable the UE to activate the second radio threshold duration prior to an inactive period in one or more inactive periods.

8. The UE of claim 2, wherein the third signaling is received by the first radio, and wherein the at least one processor is further configured to cause the UE to: Based on the ability of the first radio to perform the cell reselection procedure, to avoid activating the second radio; and The cell reselection procedure is performed based on measurements associated with the one or more candidate serving cells.

9. The UE of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to enable the UE to receive from the serving cell a synchronization signal based on waveforms having superimposed orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) sequences that the first radio cannot support.

10. The UE of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to enable the UE to receive from the serving cell a synchronization signal based on the first radio supporting waveforms having superimposed orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) sequences.

11. The UE of claim 1, wherein, in order to activate at least one of the first radio or the second radio, the at least one processor is further configured to cause the UE to: The wake-up signal WUS that triggers the cell reselection procedure is received via the first radio. Activate the second radio to perform the cell reselection procedure; Receive, via the second radio, a synchronization signal block SSB based on activating the second radio to perform the cell reselection procedure; and The cell reselection procedure is triggered based on the WUS to avoid transmitting signaling including one or more of the early paging indicator, paging timing, or random access channel messages.

12. The UE of claim 1, wherein, in order to activate at least one of the first radio or the second radio, the at least one processor is further configured to cause the UE to: Based on the ability of the first radio to perform the cell reselection procedure, to avoid activating the second radio; and The cell reselection procedure is performed using the first radio.

13. The UE of claim 12, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to cause the UE to receive, via the first radio, a third signaling indicating a corresponding frequency of the one or more candidate serving cells, wherein the cell reselection procedure is based on the corresponding frequency.

14. The UE of claim 12, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to cause the UE to measure one or more synchronization signals to determine corresponding signal quality values ​​of the one or more candidate serving cells, wherein the cell reselection procedure is based on the corresponding signal quality values ​​of the one or more candidate serving cells.

15. The UE of claim 1, wherein the measurement is associated with the second radio, and wherein, in order to activate at least one of the first radio or the second radio, the at least one processor is further configured to cause the UE to: The first radio is activated based on the measurement being higher than the at least one threshold; and The second radio is deactivated based on the measurement being higher than at least one threshold.

16. The UE of claim 1, wherein the measurement is associated with the first radio, and wherein, in order to activate at least one of the first radio or the second radio, the at least one processor is further configured to cause the UE to activate the second radio based on the measurement being below the at least one threshold.

17. The UE according to claim 1, wherein: The first radio is associated with a first power level; and The second radio is associated with a second power level that is different from the first power level.

18. A processor for wireless communication, comprising: At least one controller, coupled to at least one memory and configured to enable the processor to: Receive first signaling associated with a measurement, which is associated with the serving cell; Based on the measurement satisfying at least one threshold, at least one of the first radio or the second radio is activated; and The second signaling associated with a cell reselection procedure is monitored via the first radio or the second radio, wherein the cell reselection procedure corresponds to selecting a candidate serving cell from one or more candidate serving cells.

19. A method performed by a user equipment (UE), the method comprising: Receive first signaling associated with a measurement, which is associated with the serving cell; Based on the measurement satisfying at least one threshold, at least one of the first radio or the second radio is activated; and The second signaling associated with a cell reselection procedure is monitored via the first radio or the second radio, wherein the cell reselection procedure corresponds to selecting a candidate serving cell from one or more candidate serving cells.

20. A base station for wireless communication, comprising: At least one memory; and At least one processor, coupled to and configured to enable the base station to: Transmit the first signaling associated with measurement, which is associated with the serving cell; and A second signaling is transmitted to trigger the activation of at least one of the first or second radios of the user equipment (UE) to perform a cell reselection procedure corresponding to a candidate serving cell from one or more candidate serving cells, said activation being based on the measurement satisfying at least one threshold.

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