A collaborative control device and method for trayless rice seedling raising in cold regions
By introducing a biodegradable plant fiber seedling film and an autonomous supplemental lighting intelligent controller into the trayless seedling raising process of cold-region rice, combined with red, blue, green and far-red light sources, the adaptability of light quality regulation and the uniformity of supplemental lighting were achieved, solving the problem of insufficient light quality regulation in cold-region rice seedling raising and ensuring the continuity and stability of supplemental lighting control.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Filing Date
- 2026-06-22
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-17
AI Technical Summary
Existing technologies lack adaptability to light quality regulation, have uneven distribution of supplemental lighting space, and lack coordination between supplemental lighting decisions and energy storage status during trayless rice seedling raising in cold regions, making it difficult to adapt to low temperature and weak light conditions in early spring.
It adopts a biodegradable plant fiber seedling film, an inverted L-shaped support, a rotary drive mechanism, a supplemental lighting module, a photovoltaic panel, an MPPT controller, and an autonomous supplemental lighting intelligent controller. It combines red, blue, green, and far-red light sources, and the autonomous supplemental lighting intelligent controller coordinates and regulates the growth stage of rice seedlings, natural light intensity, and energy storage battery status.
It improves the adaptability of light quality regulation to the seedling growth stage, improves the uniformity of supplemental lighting, reduces the reliance on manual judgment, ensures the continuity and stability of supplemental lighting control, and meets the synergistic regulation needs of trayless rice seedling raising in cold regions.
Smart Images
Figure CN122397535A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of agricultural light environment regulation and rice seedling raising equipment technology, specifically involving the collaborative regulation technology of trayless rice seedling raising in cold regions. Background Technology
[0002] As rice seedling cultivation gradually shifts from relying solely on natural light in cold greenhouses to artificial lighting, facility-based regulation, and automated management, the challenges are becoming increasingly apparent. Especially in early spring in areas with low temperatures and weak light, the natural light in seedling sheds is insufficient, and temperature fluctuations are significant. Seedlings have different requirements for light quality, intensity, and photoperiod at different stages: emergence, one-leaf stage, two- to three-leaf stage, and hardening-off stage. Therefore, supplementing seedling lighting with different light sources such as red, blue, green, and far-red light has become an important technical approach to improve seedling stability.
[0003] Existing supplemental lighting solutions vary. Some focus on setting the ratio of red and blue light according to the rice's growth stages, while others further introduce far-red or yellow-green light to improve seedling growth. Still others use light intensity sensors, image recognition, or controllers to control the start / stop or dimming of the supplemental lights. In terms of equipment structure, common methods include top-mounted supplemental lights, side-mounted light stands, rotatable supports, and combinations of supplemental lighting components. Regarding power supply, some seedling raising systems are beginning to incorporate photovoltaic modules or energy storage batteries to reduce reliance on external power sources.
[0004] However, existing solutions still have limitations in meeting the needs of trayless rice seedling raising in cold regions. On one hand, simply supplementing light at fixed stages or with fixed light quality makes it difficult to adaptively adjust the proportion of blue light and far-red light supplementation to accommodate the continuous low temperatures of early spring in cold regions, and it also makes it difficult to stably introduce green light as background spectrum at each stage. On the other hand, fixed top lighting or unidirectional lighting easily leads to uneven light distribution within the seedling raising area, and the spatial relationship between the supplemental lighting and the seedling canopy is difficult to adjust stably throughout the seedling raising process.
[0005] Furthermore, existing supplemental lighting control relies heavily on manual experience, timed control, or single light intensity judgment, failing to fully integrate the remaining state of charge (SOC) of the energy storage battery pack, natural light intensity, target light intensity, and light window period for autonomous supplemental lighting decisions. When insufficient energy storage or low-temperature stress coexists, there is a lack of coordination between the supplemental lighting strategy and the basic light intensity requirements of the seedlings. For trayless seedling raising methods that use biodegradable plant fiber seedling films instead of plastic seedling trays, supplemental lighting devices, seedling carriers, and autonomous control logic need to work together to meet the synergistic regulation requirements of trayless rice seedling raising in cold regions. Summary of the Invention
[0006] To address the problems of insufficient adaptability of light quality regulation, uneven spatial distribution of supplemental lighting, and insufficient coordination between supplemental lighting decisions and energy storage status in the existing technology for trayless rice seedling raising in cold regions, this invention proposes the following solution: A cold-region rice trayless seedling raising collaborative control device, the device includes a seedling shed (1), a seedbed (5), a biodegradable plant fiber seedling raising film (6), an inverted L-shaped support (2), a rotary drive mechanism (4), a supplementary lighting module (3), a light-diffusing lens (31), a photovoltaic sun panel (7), an MPPT controller (10), an energy storage battery pack (8), and an autonomous supplementary lighting intelligent controller (9); The seedbed (5) is set inside the seedling shed (1), and the biodegradable plant fiber seedling film (6) is set on the seedbed (5) and used to replace the plastic seedling tray to carry rice seeds or seedlings; The inverted L-shaped bracket (2) is set inside the seedling shed (1). The rotary drive mechanism (4) is used to drive the entire inverted L-shaped bracket (2) or its top rotating seat to rotate around the vertical axis, and drive the supplementary light module (3) to rotate synchronously. The fill light module (3) is mounted on the inverted L-shaped bracket (2). The fill light module (3) includes a red light source, a blue light source, a green light source and a far-red light source. The light-diffusing lens (31) is mounted on the light-emitting side of the fill light module (3) and is used to perform light-diffusing processing on the light emitted by the light source. The photovoltaic panel (7) is connected to the energy storage battery pack (8) via the MPPT controller (10). The energy storage battery pack (8) is used to power the supplementary lighting module (3), the rotary drive mechanism (4), and the autonomous supplementary lighting intelligent controller (9). The autonomous supplemental lighting intelligent controller (9) is used to acquire or determine the current growth stage of rice seedlings, natural light intensity, real-time light intensity in the seedling shed (1), temperature in the seedling shed (1), and the remaining SOC of the energy storage battery pack (8). Based on the current growth stage of rice seedlings, temperature in the seedling shed (1), natural light intensity, real-time light intensity in the seedling shed (1), and the remaining SOC of the energy storage battery pack (8), it outputs supplemental lighting control signals and rotation control signals.
[0007] Furthermore, the inverted L-shaped bracket (2) includes a vertical section and a horizontal section. The vertical section is provided with a height adjustment mechanism. The rotation drive mechanism (4) is located at the bottom or top rotating seat of the inverted L-shaped bracket (2) and is used to drive the entire inverted L-shaped bracket (2) or its top rotating seat to rotate 360 degrees horizontally around the vertical axis.
[0008] Furthermore, the red light source of the supplementary lighting module (3) is used to emit red light with a wavelength of 620-700nm and a peak value of 660nm, the blue light source is used to emit blue light with a wavelength of 400-500nm and a peak value of 450nm, the green light source is used to emit green light with a wavelength of 500-600nm and a peak value of 540-560nm, and the far-red light source is used to emit far-red light with a wavelength of 700-800nm and a peak value of 730nm.
[0009] Furthermore, the autonomous supplemental lighting intelligent controller (9) is connected to a light intensity sensor, a temperature sensor, a SOC detection circuit, a rotary drive mechanism (4), and a supplemental lighting module (3). The light intensity sensor is used to collect the natural light intensity and the real-time light intensity inside the seedling shed (1). The temperature sensor is used to collect the temperature inside the seedling shed (1). The SOC detection circuit is used to collect the remaining SOC of the energy storage battery pack (8). The autonomous supplemental lighting intelligent controller (9) is used to control the light intensity and light quality output of the supplemental lighting module (3) and the rotation state of the rotary drive mechanism (4) according to the collection results.
[0010] Furthermore, the autonomous supplementary lighting intelligent controller (9) is also used to switch to timed supplementary lighting mode when the light intensity sensor or temperature sensor fails, to issue an audible and visual alarm and control the supplementary lighting module (3) to switch to static supplementary lighting when the rotary drive mechanism (4) fails, and to cut off the supplementary lighting output and keep the autonomous supplementary lighting intelligent controller (9) on standby when the energy storage battery pack (8) is undervoltage.
[0011] Based on the same inventive concept, this invention also proposes a method for coordinated regulation of trayless rice seedling raising in cold regions, the method being implemented based on the aforementioned device, comprising: S1. Spread the germinated rice seeds onto the biodegradable plant fiber seedling film instead of the plastic seedling tray, and place the biodegradable plant fiber seedling film in the seedbed; S2. Obtain the current growth stage of rice seedlings, natural light intensity, real-time light intensity inside the seedling shed, temperature inside the seedling shed, and the remaining SOC of the energy storage battery pack. S3. Set the red-blue light intensity ratio, total light intensity and photoperiod in stages according to the leaf age of rice seedlings, and add green light, which accounts for 8%-15% of the total photosynthetically effective radiation PAR, as background spectrum in each stage. S4. When the daily minimum temperature is below 12℃ for 3 consecutive days, increase the proportion of blue light by 20%-30% and supplement with 5%-10% of far-red light intensity at night. S5. The fill light module is rotated by an inverted L-shaped bracket. The fill light module includes a red light source, a blue light source, a green light source, and a far-red light source. The light emitted by the light source is uniformly processed by a light-diffusing lens. S6. Based on the remaining SOC of the energy storage battery pack, the natural light intensity, the target light intensity, and the light window period, autonomous supplementary lighting decision is made, and the basic light intensity is prioritized during the low temperature stress period, which is the supplementary lighting control period after the daily minimum temperature is below 12°C for 3 consecutive days.
[0012] Furthermore, S3 describes setting the red-blue light intensity ratio, total light intensity, and photoperiod in stages according to the leaf age of rice seedlings, including: During the seedling stage, the red-to-blue light intensity ratio was set at 3:1 to 4:1, the green light accounted for 10%±2% of the PAR, and the total light intensity was 80-120 μmol·m. - ²·s - ¹, the photoperiod is 12h / d; At the one-leaf stage, the red-blue light intensity ratio was set to 1:1 to 2:1, the green light accounted for 12%±2% of the PAR, and the total light intensity was 150-200 μmol·m. - ²·s - ¹, the photoperiod is 12-14 h / d; During the 2-3 leaf stage, the red-blue light intensity ratio was set to 2:3 to 1:2, the green light accounted for 15%±2% of the PAR, and the total light intensity was 200-300 μmol·m. - ²·s - ¹, the photoperiod is 13-14 h / d; During the hardening-off period, simulate natural light or supplement with 5%-10% far-red light, setting the green light ratio to PAR at 10%±2% and the total light intensity at 150-250 μmol·m. - ²·s - ¹, and uses natural light cycles.
[0013] Furthermore, S4 describes increasing the proportion of blue light by 20%-30%, including adjusting the ratio of red to blue light intensity to 1:1.2 to 1:1.5 during the 1-leaf stage and the 2-3-leaf stage, and supplementing the nighttime with an additional 5%-10% of far-red light intensity.
[0014] Furthermore, the autonomous supplemental lighting decision-making based on the remaining SOC of the energy storage battery pack, natural light intensity, target light intensity, and light window period, as described in S6, includes: When the remaining SOC of the energy storage battery pack is greater than 30%, the real-time light intensity in the seedling shed is less than 80% of the target light intensity, and it is within the light window period of 6:00-22:00, the supplemental light is turned on and gradually increased to the target light intensity. When the remaining SOC of the energy storage battery pack is less than 20%, the supplementary lighting is turned off and the system enters energy-saving standby mode. When the remaining SOC of the energy storage battery pack is between 20% and 30%, reduce the light intensity to 60% to 80% of the target light intensity; During periods of low-temperature stress, ensure that the base light intensity is not lower than 80% of the target light intensity; When the natural light intensity is not less than 90% of the target light intensity and lasts for 15 minutes, turn off the supplemental light.
[0015] Furthermore, S5 describes driving the fill light module to rotate via the inverted L-shaped bracket, which includes rotating the entire inverted L-shaped bracket or its top rotating seat at a speed of 0.5-2 revolutions per minute, and driving the fill light module to rotate synchronously, thereby homogenizing the light emitted by the red light source, blue light source, green light source and far-infrared light source through the light homogenizing lens.
[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: By setting red, blue, green, and far-red light sources in the supplemental lighting module, and enabling the autonomous supplemental lighting intelligent controller to output supplemental lighting control signals according to the current growth stage of rice seedlings, seedlings at different leaf ages can obtain corresponding red-blue light intensity ratios, total light intensity, and photoperiods, thereby improving the adaptability of light quality regulation to seedling growth stages during trayless rice seedling raising in cold regions.
[0017] By adding green light, which accounts for 8%-15% of the total photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), as a background spectrum at each stage, and increasing the proportion of blue light by 20%-30% when the daily minimum temperature is below 12℃ for three consecutive days, and supplementing with far-red light with 5%-10% intensity at night, the supplemental lighting strategy can be matched with the low temperature conditions in early spring in cold regions, thereby improving the problem that fixed light quality supplemental lighting is difficult to adapt to continuous low temperature environments.
[0018] By setting the supplemental lighting module on an inverted L-shaped bracket and driving the inverted L-shaped bracket or its top rotating seat to rotate around the vertical axis by a rotary drive mechanism, and simultaneously using a light-diffusing lens to uniformly process the light emitted by the light source, the local light concentration or insufficiency caused by fixed-direction supplemental lighting can be reduced, thereby improving the uniformity of supplemental lighting in the seedling raising area within the seedling raising shed.
[0019] By setting up photovoltaic panels, MPPT controllers, and energy storage battery packs, and enabling the autonomous supplemental lighting controller to make autonomous supplemental lighting decisions based on the remaining SOC of the energy storage battery pack, natural light intensity, target light intensity, and lighting window period, the start / stop and intensity of supplemental lighting can be coordinated with the energy storage status and natural light conditions, thereby reducing the reliance on manual judgment for supplemental lighting control.
[0020] By implementing control strategies such as turning on supplemental lighting, turning off supplemental lighting, reducing light intensity, and ensuring basic light intensity during low-temperature stress when the remaining SOC of the energy storage battery pack is in different ranges, it is possible to maintain the match between supplemental lighting control and the needs of rice seedling cultivation in cold regions when the energy storage state changes, thereby improving the continuity and stability of the autonomous supplemental lighting process.
[0021] By placing biodegradable plant fiber seedling membranes on the seedbed and replacing plastic seedling trays to carry rice seeds or seedlings, the trayless seedling raising carrier can be combined with rotating supplemental lighting, light quality regulation, and autonomous supplemental lighting control, thereby meeting the synergistic regulation requirements of trayless rice seedling raising in cold regions.
[0022] This invention features a combination of light quality stage regulation, rotational uniform light supplementation, and autonomous light supplementation decision-making based on energy storage status. It can adapt to the light supplementation regulation needs under low temperature and weak light conditions during trayless rice seedling raising in cold regions and is applicable to fields such as cold-region rice seedling raising, facility-based seedling raising, factory-based seedling raising, and trayless seedling raising regulation. Attached Figure Description
[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the cold-region rice trayless seedling raising and coordinated control device described in the implementation method; Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the collaborative regulation method for trayless seedling raising of cold-region rice as described in the implementation method; Figure 3 This is a partial structural diagram of the inverted L-shaped bracket, rotary drive mechanism, and fill light module described in the embodiment; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the photovoltaic energy storage power supply and autonomous supplemental lighting control connection described in the implementation method.
[0024] In the picture: 1. Seedling shed; 2. Inverted L-shaped support frame; 3. Supplemental lighting module; 4. Rotary drive mechanism; 5. Seedbed; 6. Biodegradable plant fiber seedling film; 7. Photovoltaic panel; 8. Energy storage battery pack; 9. Autonomous supplemental lighting intelligent controller; 10. MPPT controller; 31. Light-diffusing lens. Detailed Implementation
[0025] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
[0026] Implementation Method 1 like Figure 1 As shown, a trayless rice seedling raising and coordinated control device for cold regions includes a seedling shed 1, a seedbed 5, a biodegradable plant fiber seedling film 6, an inverted L-shaped support 2, a rotary drive mechanism 4, a supplemental lighting module 3, a light-diffusing lens 31, a photovoltaic panel 7, an MPPT controller 10, an energy storage battery pack 8, and an autonomous supplemental lighting intelligent controller 9. The seedbed 5 is set inside the seedling shed 1, and the biodegradable plant fiber seedling film 6 is set on the seedbed 5 and is used to replace the plastic seedling tray to support rice seeds or seedlings. The inverted L-shaped support 2 is installed inside the seedling shed 1. The rotary drive mechanism 4 is used to drive the inverted L-shaped support 2 or its top rotating seat to rotate around the vertical axis, and drive the supplementary light module 3 to rotate synchronously. The fill light module 3 is mounted on the inverted L-shaped bracket 2. The fill light module 3 includes a red light source, a blue light source, a green light source, and a far-red light source. The light-diffusing lens 31 is mounted on the light-emitting side of the fill light module 3 and is used to perform light-diffusing processing on the light emitted by the light source. The photovoltaic panel 7 is connected to the energy storage battery pack 8 via the MPPT controller 10. The energy storage battery pack 8 is used to power the supplementary lighting module 3, the rotary drive mechanism 4, and the autonomous supplementary lighting intelligent controller 9. The autonomous supplemental lighting intelligent controller 9 is used to acquire or determine the current growth stage of rice seedlings, natural light intensity, real-time light intensity inside the seedling shed 1, temperature inside the seedling shed 1, and the remaining SOC of the energy storage battery pack 8. Based on the current growth stage of rice seedlings, temperature inside the seedling shed 1, natural light intensity, real-time light intensity inside the seedling shed 1, and the remaining SOC of the energy storage battery pack 8, it outputs supplemental lighting control signals and rotation control signals.
[0027] Preferably, the photovoltaic panel 7 uses cadmium telluride photovoltaic glass or monocrystalline silicon modules; the energy storage battery pack 8 uses lithium iron phosphate battery packs.
[0028] By setting the biodegradable plant fiber seedling film 6, the inverted L-shaped support 2, the supplemental lighting module 3, the photovoltaic panel 7, the energy storage battery pack 8, and the autonomous supplemental lighting intelligent controller 9 as a co-working device structure, the trayless seedling raising support, rotational supplemental lighting, energy storage power supply, and supplemental lighting control can be performed in the same device, thereby improving the overall coordination of the trayless seedling raising regulation process for cold-region rice.
[0029] Furthermore, the inverted L-shaped bracket 2 includes a vertical section and a horizontal section. The vertical section is provided with a height adjustment mechanism. The rotation drive mechanism 4 is located at the bottom or top rotating seat of the inverted L-shaped bracket 2 and is used to drive the entire inverted L-shaped bracket 2 or its top rotating seat to rotate 360 degrees horizontally around the vertical axis.
[0030] Preferably, the inverted L-shaped bracket 2 is made of aluminum alloy or galvanized steel pipe; the height adjustment mechanism is driven by an electric push rod, lead screw nut or hydraulic cylinder; and the rotary drive mechanism 4 is a stepper motor or servo motor.
[0031] By setting up an inverted L-shaped support 2 with vertical and horizontal sections, and using a rotary drive mechanism 4 to drive the entire inverted L-shaped support 2 or its top rotating seat to rotate around the vertical axis, the supplementary lighting module 3 can supplement the seedling area in a rotating manner, thereby improving the uniformity of light distribution within the supplementary lighting range.
[0032] Furthermore, the red light source of the supplementary lighting module 3 is used to emit red light with a wavelength of 620-700nm and a peak value of 660nm, the blue light source is used to emit blue light with a wavelength of 400-500nm and a peak value of 450nm, the green light source is used to emit green light with a wavelength of 500-600nm and a peak value of 540-560nm, and the far-red light source is used to emit far-red light with a wavelength of 700-800nm and a peak value of 730nm.
[0033] Preferably, the green light source is used to emit green light with a peak value of 550nm.
[0034] By setting red light source, blue light source, green light source and far-red light source in the supplementary lighting module 3 respectively, the supplementary lighting module 3 can output light quality combinations corresponding to different growth stages of rice seedlings, thereby improving the matching between light quality output and seedling control needs.
[0035] Furthermore, the autonomous supplemental lighting intelligent controller 9 is connected to a light intensity sensor, a temperature sensor, a SOC detection circuit, a rotary drive mechanism 4, and a supplemental lighting module 3. The light intensity sensor is used to collect the natural light intensity and the real-time light intensity inside the seedling shed 1. The temperature sensor is used to collect the temperature inside the seedling shed 1. The SOC detection circuit is used to collect the remaining SOC of the energy storage battery pack 8. The autonomous supplemental lighting intelligent controller 9 is used to control the light intensity and light quality output of the supplemental lighting module 3 and the rotation state of the rotary drive mechanism 4 according to the collected results.
[0036] Preferably, the remaining SOC of the energy storage battery pack 8 is calculated in real time using the coulomb method.
[0037] By connecting the autonomous supplementary lighting intelligent controller 9 to the light intensity sensor, temperature sensor, SOC detection circuit, rotation drive mechanism 4, and supplementary lighting module 3 respectively, the supplementary lighting control can output based on illumination, temperature, energy storage status, and rotation status, thereby improving the coordination of the supplementary lighting control process.
[0038] Furthermore, the autonomous supplementary lighting intelligent controller 9 is also used to switch to timed supplementary lighting mode when the light intensity sensor or temperature sensor fails, to issue an audible and visual alarm and control the supplementary lighting module 3 to switch to static supplementary lighting when the rotary drive mechanism 4 fails, and to cut off the supplementary lighting output and keep the autonomous supplementary lighting intelligent controller 9 in standby mode when the energy storage battery pack 8 is undervoltage.
[0039] Preferably, the autonomous supplementary lighting intelligent controller 9 has a built-in audible and visual alarm, and when the rotary drive mechanism 4 malfunctions, the autonomous supplementary lighting intelligent controller 9 outputs an alarm signal to the audible and visual alarm.
[0040] By enabling the autonomous supplemental lighting intelligent controller 9 to perform corresponding processing when the sensor fails, the rotary drive mechanism 4 malfunctions, or the energy storage battery pack 8 is undervoltage, the device can maintain basic control or safe standby under abnormal conditions, thereby improving the reliability of the device operation.
[0041] Based on the same inventive concept, this invention also proposes a method for coordinated regulation of trayless rice seedling raising in cold regions, the method being implemented based on the aforementioned device, comprising: S1. Spread the germinated rice seeds onto the biodegradable plant fiber seedling film 6, which replaces the plastic seedling tray, and place the biodegradable plant fiber seedling film 6 on the seedbed 5. S2. Obtain the current growth stage of rice seedlings, natural light intensity, real-time light intensity inside seedling shed 1, temperature inside seedling shed 1, and remaining SOC of energy storage battery pack 8; S3. Set the red-blue light intensity ratio, total light intensity and photoperiod in stages according to the leaf age of rice seedlings, and add green light, which accounts for 8%-15% of the total photosynthetically effective radiation PAR, as background spectrum in each stage. S4. When the daily minimum temperature is below 12℃ for 3 consecutive days, increase the proportion of blue light by 20%-30% and supplement with 5%-10% of far-red light intensity at night. S5. The fill light module 3 is rotated by the inverted L-shaped bracket 2. The fill light module 3 includes a red light source, a blue light source, a green light source and a far-red light source, and the light emitted by the light source is uniformly processed by the light-uniforming lens 31. S6. Based on the remaining SOC of the energy storage battery pack 8, the natural light intensity, the target light intensity, and the light window period, an autonomous supplementary lighting decision is made, and the basic light intensity is prioritized during the low temperature stress period, which is the supplementary lighting control period after the daily minimum temperature is below 12°C for 3 consecutive days.
[0042] Furthermore, S3 describes setting the red-blue light intensity ratio, total light intensity, and photoperiod in stages according to the leaf age of rice seedlings, including: During the seedling stage, the red-to-blue light intensity ratio was set at 3:1 to 4:1, the green light accounted for 10%±2% of the PAR, and the total light intensity was 80-120 μmol·m. - ²·s - ¹, the photoperiod is 12h / d; At the one-leaf stage, the red-blue light intensity ratio was set to 1:1 to 2:1, the green light accounted for 12%±2% of the PAR, and the total light intensity was 150-200 μmol·m. - ²·s - ¹, The photoperiod is 12-14 h / d; During the 2-3 leaf stage, the red-blue light intensity ratio was set to 2:3 to 1:2, the green light accounted for 15%±2% of the PAR, and the total light intensity was 200-300 μmol·m. - ²·s - ¹, the photoperiod is 13-14 h / d; During the hardening-off period, simulate natural light or supplement with 5%-10% far-red light, setting the green light ratio to PAR at 10%±2% and the total light intensity at 150-250 μmol·m. - ²·s - ¹, and uses natural light cycles.
[0043] By setting the red-blue light intensity ratio, total light intensity, and photoperiod according to the leaf age of rice seedlings in stages, and setting the corresponding green light ratio in each stage, the supplemental lighting parameters can correspond to the seedling emergence stage, the 1-leaf stage, the 2-3 leaf stage, and the hardening-off stage, thereby improving the adaptability of supplemental lighting regulation to the seedling growth stage.
[0044] Furthermore, S4 describes increasing the proportion of blue light by 20%-30%, including adjusting the ratio of red to blue light intensity to 1:1.2 to 1:1.5 during the 1-leaf stage and the 2-3-leaf stage, and supplementing the nighttime with an additional 5%-10% of far-red light intensity.
[0045] By adjusting the ratio of red to blue light intensity to 1:1.2 to 1:1.5 during the 1-leaf and 2-3-leaf stages under continuous low-temperature conditions, and by supplementing with far-red light at night, the quality of the supplementary light can be adjusted according to the low-temperature conditions, thereby improving the adaptability of light quality regulation under low-temperature conditions.
[0046] Furthermore, the autonomous supplemental lighting decision-making based on the remaining SOC of the energy storage battery pack 8, natural light intensity, target light intensity, and light window period, as described in S6, includes: When the remaining SOC of the energy storage battery pack 8 is greater than 30%, the real-time light intensity in the seedling shed 1 is less than 80% of the target light intensity, and it is within the light window period of 6:00-22:00, the supplemental light is turned on and gradually increased to the target light intensity. When the remaining SOC of the energy storage battery pack 8 is less than 20%, the supplementary light is turned off and the system enters energy-saving standby mode. When the remaining SOC of the energy storage battery pack 8 is between 20% and 30%, reduce the light intensity to 60%-80% of the target light intensity; During periods of low-temperature stress, ensure that the base light intensity is not lower than 80% of the target light intensity; When the natural light intensity is not less than 90% of the target light intensity and lasts for 15 minutes, turn off the supplemental light.
[0047] By making autonomous supplemental lighting decisions based on the remaining SOC of the energy storage battery pack 8, the natural light intensity, the target light intensity, and the light window period, the start-up and shutdown of supplemental lighting and the adjustment of light intensity can correspond to the energy storage status and natural light conditions, thereby improving the autonomy and continuity of the supplemental lighting decision-making process.
[0048] Furthermore, S5 describes the rotation of the fill light module 3 by driving the inverted L-shaped bracket 2, which includes rotating the entire inverted L-shaped bracket 2 or its top rotating seat at a speed of 0.5-2 revolutions per minute, and driving the fill light module 3 to rotate synchronously, thereby homogenizing the light emitted by the red light source, blue light source, green light source and far-red light source through the light homogenizing lens 31.
[0049] By rotating the inverted L-shaped bracket 2 or its top rotating seat at a speed of 0.5-2 revolutions per minute, and driving the supplementary lighting module 3 to rotate synchronously, the light emitted by each light source is uniformly processed by the light-uniforming lens 31, so that the light output of the supplementary lighting module 3 can act on the seedling raising area during the rotation process, thereby improving the spatial uniformity of the supplementary lighting process.
[0050] Implementation Method 2 like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a collaborative control device for trayless rice seedling raising in cold regions. The device includes a seedling shed 1, a seedbed 5, a biodegradable plant fiber seedling film 6, an inverted L-shaped support 2, a rotary drive mechanism 4, a supplemental lighting module 3, a light-diffusing lens 31, a photovoltaic panel 7, an MPPT controller 10, an energy storage battery pack 8, and an autonomous supplemental lighting intelligent controller 9. The seedbed 5 is set inside the seedling shed 1, and the biodegradable plant fiber seedling film 6 is set on the seedbed 5 to replace plastic seedling trays for carrying rice seeds or seedlings. The inverted L-shaped support 2 is set inside the seedling shed 1, and the supplemental lighting module 3 is set on the inverted L-shaped support 2. The rotary drive mechanism 4 drives the inverted L-shaped support 2 or its top rotating seat to rotate around a vertical axis, and drives the supplemental lighting module 3 to rotate synchronously. The photovoltaic panel 7 is connected to the energy storage battery pack 8 via the MPPT controller 10, and the energy storage battery pack 8 is used to power the supplemental lighting module 3, the rotary drive mechanism 4, and the autonomous supplemental lighting intelligent controller 9. The autonomous supplemental lighting intelligent controller 9 is used to acquire or determine the current growth stage of rice seedlings, natural light intensity, real-time light intensity inside the seedling shed 1, temperature inside the seedling shed 1, and the remaining SOC of the energy storage battery pack 8. Based on the current growth stage of rice seedlings, temperature inside the seedling shed 1, natural light intensity, real-time light intensity inside the seedling shed 1, and the remaining SOC of the energy storage battery pack 8, it outputs supplemental lighting control signals and rotation control signals.
[0051] In this embodiment, the seedling shed 1 has an area of 720 m², a length of 60 m, and a width of 12 m. An inverted L-shaped support 2 is installed at the center of the seedling shed 1, specifically at a point 30 m long and 6 m wide. The inverted L-shaped support 2 includes a vertical section and a horizontal section. The vertical section is equipped with a height adjustment mechanism, and the horizontal section is used to install the supplementary lighting module 3. The inverted L-shaped support 2 is made of aluminum alloy or galvanized steel pipe. The vertical section uses an electric push rod for height adjustment, with an adjustment range of 0.2-1.5 m. The rotary drive mechanism 4 uses a stepper motor with a speed of 1 rpm, used to drive the entire inverted L-shaped support 2 or its top rotating seat to rotate 360 degrees horizontally around the vertical axis. In another embodiment, the height adjustment mechanism can also be driven by a screw nut or a hydraulic cylinder, and the rotary drive mechanism 4 can also be a servo motor.
[0052] Combination Figure 3The supplementary lighting module 3 is mounted on an inverted L-shaped bracket 2. The supplementary lighting module 3 includes a red light source, a blue light source, a green light source, and a far-infrared light source. A light-diffusing lens 31 is disposed on the light-emitting side of the supplementary lighting module 3 to uniformly distribute the light emitted by each light source. In one specific embodiment, the lamp body of the supplementary lighting module 3 has a length of 0.4m, with LED light panels on the left and right sides respectively. The light-diffusing lens 31 has an emission angle of 120°×2, and the light quality and intensity of each light source can be independently controlled. The red light source emits red light with a wavelength of 620-700nm and a peak value of 660nm; the blue light source emits blue light with a wavelength of 400-500nm and a peak value of 450nm; the green light source emits green light with a wavelength of 500-600nm and a peak value of 540-560nm; and the far-infrared light source emits far-infrared light with a wavelength of 700-800nm and a peak value of 730nm. Preferably, the green light source is used to emit green light with a peak value of 550nm.
[0053] In one specific assembly method, the fill light module 3 has product dimensions of 54cm × 38cm × 10cm, a power of 40W, a bottom edge height of 30cm from the ground, and an illuminance of 9210 lux. The fill light module 3 uses a light-diffusing lens 31 to homogenize the light emitted from the red, blue, green, and far-infrared light sources, and rotates to provide fill light under the drive of the rotation mechanism 4. The product dimensions, power, installation height, and illuminance described above are for illustrating one specific implementation of the fill light module 3 and do not change the basic structure of the fill light module 3, which includes red, blue, green, and far-infrared light sources and uses the light-diffusing lens 31 for light homogenization.
[0054] Combination Figure 4 The photovoltaic (PV) panels 7 are installed on the top of the seedling shed 1 or on the sunny side of the shed. Specifically, 600m² of cadmium telluride photovoltaic glass is laid on the sunny side of the seedling shed 1 as the PV panels 7, with a peak power of 150W / m², and is equipped with a 200kWh lithium iron phosphate battery pack as the energy storage battery pack 8, and the power is managed by the MPPT controller 10. In another embodiment, the PV panels 7 can also be monocrystalline silicon modules. The power output of the PV panels 7 is transmitted to the energy storage battery pack 8 via the MPPT controller 10. The energy storage battery pack 8 powers the supplementary lighting module 3, the rotary drive mechanism 4, and the autonomous supplementary lighting intelligent controller 9. The power supply method supports off-grid or grid-connected adaptive operation. During operation, direct photovoltaic power is used first, and surplus power is used to charge the energy storage battery pack 8. When the power supply is insufficient, it is supplemented by the energy storage battery pack 8. When the external power supply is available, the external power supply is used as a backup power source.
[0055] The autonomous supplemental lighting intelligent controller 9 connects a light intensity sensor, a temperature sensor, a SOC detection circuit, a rotary drive mechanism 4, and a supplemental lighting module 3. The light intensity sensor collects the natural light intensity and the real-time light intensity inside the seedling shed 1; the temperature sensor collects the temperature inside the seedling shed 1; and the SOC detection circuit collects the remaining SOC of the energy storage battery pack 8. Specifically, the autonomous supplemental lighting intelligent controller 9 uses an STM32F407 embedded controller with an integrated measurement range of 0-2000 μmol·m⁻². - ²·s - ¹ Light sensor, SOC detection circuit, and temperature sensor. The remaining SOC of the energy storage battery pack 8 is calculated in real time using coulomb counting, with sampling every minute.
[0056] like Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment also provides a method for coordinated regulation of trayless rice seedling raising in cold regions. The method is based on the above-mentioned coordinated regulation device for trayless rice seedling raising in cold regions and includes S1 to S6.
[0057] S1. The germinated rice seeds are sown onto the biodegradable plant fiber seedling film 6, which replaces the plastic seedling trays, and the biodegradable plant fiber seedling film 6 is placed in the seedbed 5. Specifically, the biodegradable plant fiber seedling film 6 serves as a carrier for rice seeds or seedlings. After sowing, it is placed directly on the seedbed 5, and seedlings are raised without trays in conjunction with the supplemental lighting module 3.
[0058] S2. Acquire the current growth stage of the rice seedlings, natural light intensity, real-time light intensity inside the seedling shed 1, temperature inside the seedling shed 1, and the remaining SOC of the energy storage battery pack 8. The current growth stage of the rice seedlings is automatically identified based on leaf age or manually preset. The natural light intensity and real-time light intensity inside the seedling shed 1 are collected by a light intensity sensor. The temperature inside the seedling shed 1 is collected by a temperature sensor. The remaining SOC of the energy storage battery pack 8 is collected or calculated by the SOC detection circuit.
[0059] S3. Based on the leaf age of the rice seedlings, the red-blue light intensity ratio, total light intensity, and photoperiod are set in stages. At each stage, green light, accounting for 8%-15% of the total photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), is added as a background spectrum. The background spectrum refers to the auxiliary spectrum continuously added in a fixed proportion outside the main red and blue light spectrum. In this embodiment, it specifically refers to green light, with a wavelength of 500-600 nm and a peak value of 540-560 nm, accounting for 8%-15% of the total photosynthetically active radiation (PAR).
[0060] In one specific embodiment, sowing was carried out on April 15th and transplanting on May 12th. The seedling emergence period was from April 15th to April 22nd. The red-to-blue light intensity ratio was set at 3.5:1, the green light ratio at 10%, the far-red light ratio at 0%, and the total light intensity at 100 μmol·m⁻¹. - ²·s -¹, the photoperiod is 12 hours. From April 23rd to April 30th, during the one-leaf stage, the red-to-blue light intensity ratio is set at 1.5:1, the green light proportion is 12%, and the total light intensity is 180 μmol·m⁻¹. - ²·s - ¹, The photoperiod is 12 hours. From May 1st to May 8th, during the 2-3 leaf stage, the red-blue light intensity ratio is set to 1:1.5, the green light proportion is 15%, the far-red light is 0%, and the total light intensity is 250 μmol·m⁻¹. - ²·s - ¹, the photoperiod is 13 hours. The hardening-off period is from May 9th to May 12th, using simulated natural light with 10% green light, 8% far-red light, and a total light intensity of 200 μmol·m⁻¹. - ²·s - ¹, and uses natural light cycles.
[0061] S4. When the daily minimum temperature is below 12℃ for three consecutive days, the proportion of blue light will be increased by 20%-30%, and 5%-10% of far-red light intensity will be added at night. Specifically, during the 1-leaf stage and the 2-3-leaf stage, when the system detects that the daily minimum temperature is below 12℃ for three consecutive days, the red-blue light intensity ratio will be adjusted to 1:1.2 to 1:1.5, and an additional 5%-10% of far-red light intensity will be added at night. In one specific implementation, during the 1-leaf stage regulation after low temperature triggering, the red-blue light intensity ratio will be adjusted to 1:1.25, and 5% far-red light will be added for 2 hours after sunset. Additionally, when the temperature is below 12℃ from April 18th to April 21st, the corresponding nighttime supplementation of 5% far-red light will be implemented in the 1-leaf stage operation schedule. This low-temperature regulation is determined by the autonomous supplementary lighting intelligent controller 9 based on temperature data, and the light quality output is adjusted through the blue light source and far-red light source in the supplementary lighting module 3.
[0062] S5. The supplementary lighting module 3 is rotated by the inverted L-shaped bracket 2. The supplementary lighting module 3 includes a red light source, a blue light source, a green light source, and a far-infrared light source, and the light emitted by the light source is uniformly processed by the light-uniforming lens 31. Specifically, the autonomous supplementary lighting intelligent controller 9 outputs a rotation control signal to the rotation drive mechanism 4. The rotation drive mechanism 4 drives the entire inverted L-shaped bracket 2 or its top rotating seat to rotate around the vertical axis at a speed of 1 revolution per minute, and drives the supplementary lighting module 3 to rotate synchronously. At the same time, the autonomous supplementary lighting intelligent controller 9 outputs a supplementary lighting control signal to the supplementary lighting module 3, so that the red light source, blue light source, green light source, and far-infrared light source output the corresponding light quality according to the current seedling stage and low temperature state, and the light is uniformly processed by the light-uniforming lens 31.
[0063] S6. Based on the remaining SOC of the energy storage battery pack 8, the natural light intensity, the target light intensity, and the light window period, autonomous supplemental lighting decisions are made, prioritizing the maintenance of basic light intensity during low-temperature stress. The target light intensity is determined based on the total light intensity corresponding to the seedling stage in S3. When the remaining SOC of the energy storage battery pack 8 is greater than 30%, the real-time light intensity in the seedling shed is less than 80% of the target light intensity, and it falls within the 6:00-22:00 light window period, the autonomous supplemental lighting intelligent controller 9 controls the supplemental lighting module 3 to turn on supplemental lighting and gradually increase it to the target light intensity. When the remaining SOC of the energy storage battery pack 8 is less than 20%, the autonomous supplemental lighting intelligent controller 9 controls the supplemental lighting module 3 to turn off supplemental lighting and enter energy-saving standby mode. When the remaining SOC of the energy storage battery pack 8 is between 20% and 30%, the autonomous supplemental lighting intelligent controller 9 controls the supplemental lighting module 3 to reduce the light intensity to 60%-80% of the target light intensity; during low-temperature stress, the basic light intensity is guaranteed to be no less than 80% of the target light intensity. When the natural light intensity is not less than 90% of the target light intensity and lasts for 15 minutes, the autonomous supplementary light intelligent controller 9 controls the supplementary light module 3 to turn off the supplementary light.
[0064] In one specific embodiment, from April 15th to April 25th, there were consecutive cloudy days with natural light intensity less than 50 μmol·m⁻¹. - ²·s - ¹, the remaining SOC of the energy storage battery pack 8 decreased from 92% to 32%. The autonomous supplemental lighting controller 9 controlled the supplemental lighting module 3 to provide supplemental lighting at 80% of the target light intensity from 18:00 to 22:00 at night, but did not provide supplemental lighting during the day. On April 26th, the weather cleared up, and the natural light intensity recovered to 450 μmol·m⁻¹. - ²·s - ¹, the autonomous supplemental lighting intelligent controller 9 shuts down the supplemental lighting module 3, the photovoltaic sun panel 7 directly supplies power and charges the energy storage battery pack 8, and the remaining power SOC of the energy storage battery pack 8 recovers to 68% at night.
[0065] During operation, the autonomous supplementary lighting intelligent controller 9 is also used for fault handling. When the light intensity sensor or temperature sensor fails, the autonomous supplementary lighting intelligent controller 9 switches to timed supplementary lighting mode; when the rotary drive mechanism 4 fails, the autonomous supplementary lighting intelligent controller 9 issues an audible and visual alarm and controls the supplementary lighting module 3 to switch to static supplementary lighting; when the energy storage battery pack 8 is undervoltage, the autonomous supplementary lighting intelligent controller 9 cuts off the supplementary lighting output and maintains standby mode. Thus, the supplementary lighting module 3, the rotary drive mechanism 4, and the energy storage battery pack 8 maintain controlled operation or safe standby under abnormal conditions.
[0066] In one specific embodiment, the autonomous supplemental lighting intelligent controller 9 performs offline optimization every 24 hours, recording the daily weather type, cumulative natural light intensity, supplemental lighting energy consumption, supplemental lighting duration, and the SOC change curve of the remaining power of the energy storage battery pack 8. It then adjusts the decision thresholds before the start of the next seedling season using the lightweight decision tree algorithm CART. The adjusted decision thresholds are stored in non-volatile memory and can be manually reset to factory settings. This operating mode is used to correct the autonomous supplemental lighting decision rules without changing the basic control flow of S1 to S6 described above.
[0067] In one specific embodiment, the location is west of Sanjiazi Village, Minle Korean Ethnic Township, Wuchang City, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province. The seedling shed 1 has an area of 720m², a length of 60m, and a width of 12m. The rice variety is Wuyou Rice No. 4, and the seedling raising period is from April 15, 2025 to May 12, 2025. A 600m² cadmium telluride photovoltaic glass is used as the photovoltaic panel 7, and a 200kWh lithium iron phosphate battery pack is used as the energy storage battery pack 8. An inverted L-shaped bracket 2 is installed at the center of the seedling shed 1. The vertical section electric push rod has an adjustment range of 0.2-1.5m. The rotary drive mechanism 4 uses a stepper motor with a speed of 1 rpm. The supplementary lighting module 3 has a lamp body length of 0.4m, the light-diffusing lens 31 has a light output angle of 120°×2, and the autonomous supplementary lighting intelligent controller 9 uses an STM32F407 embedded controller.
[0068] In the above specific implementation, the final recorded data included: a seedling survival rate of 96%, a stem base diameter of 2.7 mm, a seedling vigor index of 0.47, a survival rate of 86% after 5 days of 4℃ stress, a damping-off disease incidence rate of 1.2%, a supplemental lighting energy consumption of 1.5 kWh / m², and a grid-supplied power ratio of 4.1%. The above recorded data represents the operational results obtained under these specific implementation conditions and is used to illustrate the operational status of this embodiment under the corresponding implementation conditions.
[0069] In one specific embodiment, the location was the experimental base of the Suihua Branch of the Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences. The seedling shed had an area of 500 m², a length of 50 m, and a width of 10 m. The rice variety was Suijing 18, and the seedling raising period was from April 10, 2025 to May 8, 2025. This implementation maintained the connection between the photovoltaic panel 7, MPPT controller 10, energy storage battery pack 8, and autonomous supplemental lighting controller 9, and used mains power as a backup power source when available. During operation, the main verification focused on light quality switching, low-temperature regulation, and rotating supplemental lighting control. The remaining SOC of the energy storage battery pack 8 was continuously collected by the autonomous supplemental lighting controller 9 and used in supplemental lighting control decisions. However, due to mains power supplementation, the remaining SOC of the energy storage battery pack 8 did not drop to the low-power control threshold, and the energy-saving control branch that reduced light intensity or shut down supplemental lighting was not triggered. The light quality settings adopted a four-stage formula for the seedling emergence stage, 1-leaf stage, 2-3 leaf stage, and hardening stage, and included low-temperature regulation. Recorded data include: a seedling vigor index of 0.43, supplemental lighting energy consumption of 2.0 kWh / m², a seedling survival rate of 94%, and a survival rate of 82% at 4℃. This implementation is used to illustrate the operation of the light quality formula and rotating supplemental lighting structure under mains power supply conditions.
[0070] In one specific embodiment, the location was a rice seedling raising base in Ulanhot City, Hinggan League, Inner Mongolia. The seedling raising shed had an area of 800 m², a length of 80 m, and a width of 10 m. The rice variety was Songjing 22, and the seedling raising period was from April 5, 2025 to May 10, 2025. This embodiment used photovoltaic modules matching the area of the seedling raising shed, laying 800 m² of photovoltaic panels 7, and configuring a 250 kWh energy storage battery pack 8. The horizontal section length of the inverted L-shaped support 2 was 0.3 to 0.5 meters. Recorded data included: a seedling vigor index of 0.51, a survival rate of 91% at 4℃, a 2-day shorter recovery period after transplanting compared to the control, and an 8.3% increase in yield in the later stages compared to the control. This embodiment is used to illustrate the operation of this implementation method under corresponding cold-region seedling raising conditions.
[0071] In this embodiment, the cold-region rice trayless seedling raising collaborative control device carries rice seeds or seedlings through a biodegradable plant fiber seedling film 6, outputs red, blue, green and far-red light through a supplementary lighting module 3, achieves rotational supplementary lighting through an inverted L-shaped bracket 2 and a rotational drive mechanism 4, forms a power supply path through a photovoltaic sun panel 7, an MPPT controller 10 and an energy storage battery pack 8, and performs supplementary lighting control and rotational control through an autonomous supplementary lighting intelligent controller 9 based on the current growth stage of the rice seedlings, the temperature inside the seedling shed 1, the natural light intensity, the real-time light intensity inside the seedling shed 1 and the remaining SOC of the energy storage battery pack 8, thus forming an implementation process in which the device structure, light quality control, rotational supplementary lighting and energy storage supplementary lighting decisions are mutually coordinated.
Claims
1. A collaborative control device for trayless rice seedling raising in cold regions, characterized in that, The device includes a seedling shed (1), a seedbed (5), a biodegradable plant fiber seedling film (6), an inverted L-shaped support (2), a rotary drive mechanism (4), a supplementary lighting module (3), a light-diffusing lens (31), a photovoltaic panel (7), an MPPT controller (10), an energy storage battery pack (8), and an autonomous supplementary lighting intelligent controller (9). The seedbed (5) is set inside the seedling shed (1), and the biodegradable plant fiber seedling film (6) is set on the seedbed (5) and used to replace the plastic seedling tray to carry rice seeds or seedlings; The inverted L-shaped bracket (2) is set inside the seedling shed (1). The rotary drive mechanism (4) is used to drive the entire inverted L-shaped bracket (2) or its top rotating seat to rotate around the vertical axis, and drive the supplementary light module (3) to rotate synchronously. The fill light module (3) is mounted on the inverted L-shaped bracket (2). The fill light module (3) includes a red light source, a blue light source, a green light source and a far-red light source. The light-diffusing lens (31) is mounted on the light-emitting side of the fill light module (3) and is used to perform light-diffusing processing on the light emitted by the light source. The photovoltaic panel (7) is connected to the energy storage battery pack (8) via the MPPT controller (10). The energy storage battery pack (8) is used to power the supplementary lighting module (3), the rotary drive mechanism (4), and the autonomous supplementary lighting intelligent controller (9). The autonomous supplemental lighting intelligent controller (9) is used to acquire or determine the current growth stage of rice seedlings, natural light intensity, real-time light intensity in the seedling shed (1), temperature in the seedling shed (1), and the remaining SOC of the energy storage battery pack (8). Based on the current growth stage of rice seedlings, temperature in the seedling shed (1), natural light intensity, real-time light intensity in the seedling shed (1), and the remaining SOC of the energy storage battery pack (8), it outputs supplemental lighting control signals and rotation control signals.
2. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inverted L-shaped bracket (2) includes a vertical section and a horizontal section. The vertical section is equipped with a height adjustment mechanism. The rotation drive mechanism (4) is located at the bottom or top rotating seat of the inverted L-shaped bracket (2) and is used to drive the entire inverted L-shaped bracket (2) or its top rotating seat to rotate 360 degrees horizontally around the vertical axis.
3. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The red light source of the supplementary light module (3) is used to emit red light with a wavelength of 620-700nm and a peak value of 660nm, the blue light source is used to emit blue light with a wavelength of 400-500nm and a peak value of 450nm, the green light source is used to emit green light with a wavelength of 500-600nm and a peak value of 540-560nm, and the far-red light source is used to emit far-red light with a wavelength of 700-800nm and a peak value of 730nm.
4. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The autonomous supplemental lighting intelligent controller (9) is connected to a light intensity sensor, a temperature sensor, a SOC detection circuit, a rotary drive mechanism (4), and a supplemental lighting module (3). The light intensity sensor is used to collect the natural light intensity and the real-time light intensity inside the seedling shed (1). The temperature sensor is used to collect the temperature inside the seedling shed (1). The SOC detection circuit is used to collect the remaining SOC of the energy storage battery pack (8). The autonomous supplemental lighting intelligent controller (9) is used to control the light intensity and light quality output of the supplemental lighting module (3) and the rotation state of the rotary drive mechanism (4) according to the collection results.
5. The apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that, The autonomous supplementary lighting intelligent controller (9) is also used to switch to timed supplementary lighting mode when the light intensity sensor or temperature sensor fails, to issue an audible and visual alarm and control the supplementary lighting module (3) to switch to static supplementary lighting when the rotary drive mechanism (4) fails, and to cut off the supplementary lighting output and keep the autonomous supplementary lighting intelligent controller (9) on standby when the energy storage battery pack (8) is undervoltage.
6. A method for coordinated regulation of trayless seedling raising in cold regions for rice, characterized in that, The method is implemented based on the apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, and includes: S1. Spread the germinated rice seeds onto the biodegradable plant fiber seedling film (6) instead of the plastic seedling tray, and place the biodegradable plant fiber seedling film (6) on the seedbed (5). S2. Obtain the current growth stage of rice seedlings, natural light intensity, real-time light intensity inside the seedling shed (1), temperature inside the seedling shed (1), and remaining SOC of the energy storage battery pack (8); S3. Set the red-blue light intensity ratio, total light intensity and photoperiod in stages according to the leaf age of rice seedlings, and add green light, which accounts for 8%-15% of the total photosynthetically effective radiation PAR, as background spectrum in each stage. S4. When the daily minimum temperature is below 12℃ for 3 consecutive days, increase the proportion of blue light by 20%-30% and supplement with 5%-10% of far-red light intensity at night. S5. The fill light module (3) is rotated by the inverted L-shaped bracket (2). The fill light module (3) includes a red light source, a blue light source, a green light source and a far-red light source. The light emitted by the light source is uniformly processed by the light-uniforming lens (31). S6. Based on the remaining SOC of the energy storage battery pack (8), the natural light intensity, the target light intensity and the light window period, autonomous supplementary lighting decision is made, and the basic light intensity is prioritized during the low temperature stress period, which is the supplementary lighting control period after the daily minimum temperature is below 12℃ for 3 consecutive days.
7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, S3 describes setting the red-blue light intensity ratio, total light intensity, and photoperiod in stages according to the leaf age of rice seedlings, including: During the seedling stage, the red-to-blue light intensity ratio was set at 3:1 to 4:1, the green light accounted for 10%±2% of the PAR, and the total light intensity was 80-120 μmol·m. - ²·s - ¹, the photoperiod is 12h / d; At the one-leaf stage, the red-blue light intensity ratio was set to 1:1 to 2:1, the green light accounted for 12%±2% of the PAR, and the total light intensity was 150-200 μmol·m. - ²·s - ¹, the photoperiod is 12-14 h / d; During the 2-3 leaf stage, the red-blue light intensity ratio was set to 2:3 to 1:2, the green light accounted for 15%±2% of the PAR, and the total light intensity was 200-300 μmol·m. - ²·s - ¹, the photoperiod is 13-14 h / d; During the hardening-off period, simulate natural light or supplement with 5%-10% far-red light, setting the green light ratio to PAR at 10%±2% and the total light intensity at 150-250 μmol·m. - ²·s - ¹, and uses natural light cycles.
8. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, S4 describes increasing the proportion of blue light by 20%-30%, including adjusting the ratio of red to blue light intensity to 1:1.2 to 1:1.5 during the 1-leaf stage and the 2-3-leaf stage, and supplementing the nighttime with an additional 5%-10% of far-red light intensity.
9. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, S6 describes the autonomous supplemental lighting decision based on the remaining SOC of the energy storage battery pack (8), natural light intensity, target light intensity, and light window period, including: When the remaining SOC of the energy storage battery pack (8) is greater than 30%, the real-time light intensity in the seedling shed (1) is less than 80% of the target light intensity and it is within the light window period of 6:00-22:00, the supplementary light is turned on and gradually increased to the target light intensity. When the remaining SOC of the energy storage battery pack (8) is less than 20%, the supplementary light is turned off and the energy-saving standby mode is entered. When the remaining SOC of the energy storage battery pack (8) is 20%-30%, the light intensity is reduced to 60%-80% of the target light intensity; During periods of low-temperature stress, ensure that the base light intensity is not lower than 80% of the target light intensity; When the natural light intensity is not less than 90% of the target light intensity and lasts for 15 minutes, turn off the supplemental light.
10. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, S5 describes the rotation of the fill light module (3) by driving the inverted L-shaped bracket (2), including rotating the entire inverted L-shaped bracket (2) or its top rotating seat at a speed of 0.5-2 revolutions per minute, and driving the fill light module (3) to rotate synchronously, and uniformizing the light emitted by the red light source, blue light source, green light source and far-red light source through the light-uniforming lens (31).