A split-type drilling tool

Abstract

This invention discloses a split-type drilling tool, comprising a cutting component, a clamping component, and fasteners. The cutting component has a bottom positioning surface and at least two side positioning surfaces. One end of the clamping component has a clamping groove, and the other end has a shank. The bottom surface of the clamping groove is a bottom clamping surface, and at least two side clamping surfaces are provided. The cutting component is clamped in the clamping groove and fixed by fasteners. The bottom positioning surface and the bottom clamping surface are arranged opposite to each other, as are the side positioning surfaces and the side clamping surfaces. The side positioning surfaces have side positioning protrusions, which are asymmetrically arranged on different side positioning surfaces. The side clamping surfaces have side clamping recesses, which are also asymmetrically arranged on different side clamping surfaces. The side positioning protrusions and side clamping recesses are in a convex-concave fit. This split-type drilling tool has advantages such as improved positioning accuracy, structural rigidity, and vibration resistance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of metal cutting tool technology, and specifically to a split-type drilling tool. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of metal cutting, especially in high-precision, high-efficiency mass production, drilling tools often adopt a modular, split-structure design. This involves detachably mounting high-hardness, high-wear-resistant cutting components (such as carbide inserts) onto a flexible clamping component (such as an alloy steel tool holder). This design allows for the replacement of only the cutting components after the cutting edge wears, significantly reducing operating costs and improving resource utilization.

[0003] However, existing modular drilling tools generally rely on planar contact and screw fastening for assembly. While this structure is simple, it has significant limitations in practical applications: First, positioning depends entirely on the planar contact between the bottom and side surfaces, lacking an effective geometric interlocking mechanism. Under conditions of screw preload fluctuations, thermal deformation, or vibration impact, slight relative displacement can easily occur, leading to a decrease in repeatability accuracy. Second, the cutting force generated during the cutting process is mainly transmitted through friction. When the cutting load is large or the cutting condition is intermittent, the friction interface is prone to slippage, causing vibration, chipping, or even tool breakage. Third, due to the lack of a unique assembly constraint, ensuring the accuracy of both positive and negative assembly is extremely difficult to achieve in production, making it hard to guarantee assembly accuracy.

[0004] To improve connection reliability, the industry has tried various improvement schemes. For example, Chinese patent application CN202610498411.0 discloses a drilling tool with a concave-convex fit on the side. The cutting component includes an end cutting area, a bottom positioning surface, and a cutting side surface located between the end cutting area and the bottom positioning surface. The cutting side surface has multiple side cutting areas and multiple side positioning surfaces. The end cutting area and the side cutting area form the cutting area of ​​the cutting component. An internal mounting hole is opened on the side positioning surface. The clamping component includes a clamping groove and a shank. The clamping groove has a bottom clamping surface and a side clamping surface corresponding to the bottom positioning surface and the side positioning surface, respectively. At least one side positioning surface has a side positioning protrusion, and the side clamping surface corresponding to the side positioning surface has a side clamping recess. The side positioning protrusion and the side clamping recess form a concave-convex fit to determine the installation direction of the cutting component and realize the circumferential clamping and positioning of the cutting component, thereby transmitting the cutting torque and cutting force between the cutting component and the clamping component during the cutting process. The side panel features drill bits with interlocking grooves, and each of the strip-shaped protrusions is symmetrically arranged about its positioning center line. However, the circumferential positioning stability is poor, and the positioning accuracy, tool rigidity, and vibration resistance need to be improved.

[0005] In summary, existing split-type drilling tools struggle to achieve a good balance between positioning accuracy, structural rigidity, and vibration resistance. In particular, they lack a "form-lock" connection structure that can achieve unidirectional assembly and multi-directional forced positioning through asymmetrical geometry, and directly transmit cutting loads through solid contact surfaces. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a split-type drilling tool with improved positioning accuracy, structural rigidity and vibration resistance.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A split-type drilling tool includes a cutting component, a clamping component, and fasteners. The cutting component has a bottom positioning surface and at least two side positioning surfaces. The clamping component has a clamping groove at one end and a shank at the other end. The bottom surface of the clamping groove is a bottom clamping surface, and at least two side clamping surfaces are provided on both sides. The cutting component is clamped in the clamping groove and fixed by fasteners. The bottom positioning surface and the bottom clamping surface are arranged opposite to each other, and the side positioning surface and the side clamping surface are arranged opposite to each other. The side positioning surface has a side positioning protrusion, which is asymmetrically arranged on different side positioning surfaces. The side clamping surface has a side clamping recess, which is asymmetrically arranged on different side clamping surfaces. The side positioning protrusion and the side clamping recess cooperate to determine the unique installation direction of the cutting component, realize the circumferential positioning of the cutting component, and transmit the cutting torque and cutting force between the cutting component and the clamping component during the cutting process.

[0008] As a further improvement to the above technical solution: The side positioning surface is provided in two parts, located on opposite sides of the cutting component.

[0009] The two sides of the side positioning protrusion on one side positioning surface form an included angle α; the two sides of the side positioning protrusion on the other side positioning surface form an included angle α', satisfying: 10°≤α-α'≤30° and 30°≤α≤120°, 30°≤α'≤120°.

[0010] One of the side positioning surfaces has N side positioning protrusions, and the other side positioning surface has M side positioning protrusions, satisfying: 1 ≤ NM≤ 3, and 1 ≤ N≤ 8, 1 ≤ M≤ 8.

[0011] The center distance between two adjacent side positioning protrusions on one side positioning surface is d1, and the center distance between two adjacent side positioning protrusions on the other side positioning surface is d2, satisfying: 0.5mm≤d1-d2≤3mm, and 0.5mm≤d1≤5mm, 0.5mm≤d2≤5mm.

[0012] The height of the upper positioning protrusion on one side positioning surface is H1, and the height of the upper positioning protrusion on the other side positioning surface is H2, satisfying: 0.5mm ≤ H1 H2 ≤2 mm, and: 0.5mm≤ H1≤3 mm, 0.5mm≤ H2 ≤3 mm.

[0013] The bottom positioning surface is provided with a bottom positioning protrusion, and the bottom clamping surface is provided with a bottom clamping recess. The bottom positioning protrusion and the bottom clamping recess are in a convex-concave fit, which is used to transmit the torque and radial cutting force between the cutting component and the clamping component during the cutting process.

[0014] The bottom positioning protrusions are provided with N1 units, and the bottom clamping recesses are provided with N2 units, satisfying: 2≤N1≤10 and 2≤N2≤10.

[0015] The gap between the bottom positioning protrusion and the bottom clamping recess on one opposite side is λ3, and the gap on the other opposite side is λ4, satisfying: λ3=λ4=0.

[0016] The side positioning protrusions on each of the side positioning surfaces are symmetrical about the positioning center line of the side positioning surface, and the side clamping recesses on each of the side clamping surfaces are symmetrical about the clamping center line of the side clamping surface.

[0017] The clamping component has a rotation center axis. When the cutting component is separated from the clamping component, the angle between the clamping center line and the rotation center axis is γ2. When the cutting component and the clamping component are assembled in place, the angle between the clamping center line and the rotation center axis is γ1, satisfying: 30'≤γ2-γ1≤2°.

[0018] The gap between the side positioning protrusion and the side clamping recess on one opposite side is λ1, which satisfies: λ1=0.

[0019] The gap between the side positioning protrusion and the opposite side of the side clamping recess is λ2, which satisfies: 0≤λ2≤0.3mm.

[0020] The cutting component has an inner mounting hole that extends to the side positioning surface. The clamping groove has an outer mounting hole that extends to the side clamping surface. The fastener passes through the inner mounting hole and the outer mounting hole.

[0021] The inner mounting hole has a hole centerline, and the outer mounting hole has a machining centerline. The machining centerline forms an eccentric distance τ relative to the hole centerline in the direction of the shank, satisfying: 0.05mm≤τ≤0.3mm.

[0022] The cutting component has an end cutting area at one end relative to the bottom positioning surface and a side cutting area on the side adjacent to the side positioning surface.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows: The split-type drilling tool of the present invention has side positioning protrusions on at least two side positioning surfaces, and matching side clamping recesses on the side clamping surfaces corresponding to each side positioning surface. The side positioning protrusions and side clamping recesses form a concave-convex fit, and the side positioning protrusions on different side positioning surfaces are asymmetrically arranged. This "shape-lock" connection structure not only uniquely determines the installation direction of the cutting component, achieving circumferential forced positioning and improving positioning accuracy, but also directly transmits the cutting torque and cutting force between the cutting component and the clamping component during the cutting process through the solid contact surface, significantly improving the tool's rigidity and vibration resistance. Combined with fasteners, the axial and radial degrees of freedom of the cutting component are effectively constrained, eliminating the micro-motion errors easily generated by traditional planar positioning, greatly improving repeatability, and achieving a good balance between positioning accuracy, structural rigidity, and vibration resistance. Furthermore, the asymmetrical design also reduces manufacturing difficulty and cost. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the first embodiment of the split-type drilling tool of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the first embodiment of the split-type drilling tool of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a diagram of the end face structure of the first embodiment of the split-type drilling tool of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Enlarged view of point E in the middle.

[0028] Figure 5 yes Figure 3 A sectional view of FF.

[0029] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A magnified view of point G in the middle.

[0030] Figure 7 This is an end structure diagram of the first embodiment of the split-type drilling tool of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping groove of the first embodiment of the split-type drilling tool of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the cutting component of the second embodiment of the split-type drilling tool of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 10This is a schematic diagram of the cutting component of the third embodiment of the split-type drilling tool of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the cutting component of the fourth embodiment of the split-type drilling tool of the present invention.

[0035] The labels in the diagram represent: 1. Cutting component; 11. End cutting area; 12. Bottom locating surface; 13. Side cutting area; 14. Side locating surface; 15. Inner mounting hole; 16. Side locating protrusion; 161. Outer straight locating surface; 162. Inner straight locating surface; 17. Bottom locating protrusion; 171. Bottom outer straight locating surface; 172. Bottom inner straight locating surface; 2. Clamping component; 21. Clamping groove; 22. Handle; 23. Bottom clamping surface; 24. Side clamping surface; 25. Outer mounting hole; 26. Side clamping recess; 261. Outer straight clamping surface; 262. Inner straight clamping surface; 27. Bottom clamping recess; 271. Bottom outer straight clamping surface; 272. Bottom inner straight clamping surface; 3. Fastener; 4. Hole centerline; 5. Locating centerline; 6. Clamping centerline; 7. Rotation center axis; 8. Machining centerline. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0037] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0038] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0039] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "assembly," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0040] Example 1: Figures 1 to 8 This invention illustrates a first embodiment of a split-type drilling tool. The split-type drilling tool of this embodiment includes a cutting component 1, a clamping component 2, and a fastener 3. The cutting component 1 has a bottom positioning surface 12 and at least two side positioning surfaces 14 on each side. The clamping component 2 has a clamping groove 21 at one end and a shank 22 at the other end. The bottom surface of the clamping groove 21 is a bottom clamping surface 23, and at least two side clamping surfaces 24 on each side. The cutting component 1 is engaged in the clamping groove 21 and fixed by the fastener 3. The bottom positioning surface 12 and the bottom clamping surface 23... The side positioning surface 14 and the side clamping surface 24 are arranged opposite to each other. The side positioning surface 14 is provided with a side positioning protrusion 16. The side positioning protrusions 16 on different side positioning surfaces 14 are arranged asymmetrically. The side clamping surface 24 is provided with a side clamping recess 26. The side clamping recesses 26 on different side clamping surfaces 24 are arranged asymmetrically. The side positioning protrusion 16 and the side clamping recess 26 are in a convex-concave fit, which is used to determine the unique installation direction of the cutting component 1, realize the circumferential positioning of the cutting component 1, and transmit the cutting torque and cutting force between the cutting component 1 and the clamping component 2 during the cutting process.

[0041] To address the issues of low positioning accuracy and insufficient rigidity in existing technologies, this split-type drilling tool features side positioning protrusions 16 on at least two side positioning surfaces 14, and matching side clamping recesses 26 on the side clamping surfaces 24 corresponding to each side positioning surface 14. The side positioning protrusions 16 and side clamping recesses 26 form a convex-concave fit, and the side positioning protrusions 16 on different side positioning surfaces 14 are asymmetrically arranged. This "shape-lock" connection structure not only uniquely determines the installation direction of the cutting component 1, achieving circumferential forced positioning and improving positioning accuracy, but also directly transmits the cutting torque and cutting force between the cutting component 1 and the clamping component 2 during the cutting process through the solid contact surface, significantly improving tool rigidity and vibration resistance. Combined with fasteners 3, the axial and radial degrees of freedom of the cutting component 1 are effectively constrained, eliminating the micro-motion errors easily generated by traditional planar positioning, greatly improving repeatability, and achieving a good balance between positioning accuracy, structural rigidity, and vibration resistance.

[0042] Asymmetric design also enables unidirectional and unique assembly, avoiding the risk of incorrect assembly, while reducing production difficulty and cost, and improving assembly efficiency and accuracy.

[0043] Furthermore, in this embodiment, there are two side positioning surfaces 14, which are located on opposite sides of the cutting component 1.

[0044] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the cutting component 1 has an inner mounting hole 15 that extends through to the side positioning surface 14, the clamping groove 21 has an outer mounting hole 25 that extends through to the side clamping surface 24, and the fastener 3 passes through the inner mounting hole 15 and the outer mounting hole 25.

[0045] Furthermore, in this embodiment, one side positioning surface 14 has N side positioning protrusions 16 (in strip shape), and the other side positioning surface 14 has M side positioning protrusions 16, satisfying: 1 ≤ NM ≤ 3, and 1 ≤ N ≤ 8, 1 ≤ M ≤ 8. The different numbers of side positioning protrusions 16 on both sides achieve effective asymmetric positioning. Preferably, one side has 4 side positioning protrusions 16, and the other side has 7 side positioning protrusions 16, i.e., M = 7, N = 4. By setting multiple side positioning protrusions 16, the cutting load can be evenly distributed to multiple contact points, effectively alleviating stress concentration and preventing premature wear or chipping in localized areas. The difference in the number of side positioning protrusions 16 on both sides not only strengthens the anti-misassembly function but also makes the assembly direction identification more intuitive and clear.

[0046] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, the gap between the side positioning protrusion 16 and the opposite side of the side clamping recess 26 is λ1, which satisfies: λ1=0. That is, the side positioning protrusion 16 and the opposite side of the side clamping recess 26 are in contact, thereby establishing a radial positioning reference and reducing radial runout.

[0047] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the gap between the side positioning protrusion 16 and the other opposite side of the side clamping recess 26 is λ2, which satisfies: 0≤λ2≤0.3mm, to accommodate minute manufacturing tolerances. Preferably, λ2=0.1mm.

[0048] Specifically, the two sides of the side positioning protrusion 16 are respectively designated as an outer straight positioning surface 161 and an inner straight positioning surface 162, and the two sides of the side clamping recess 26 are respectively an outer straight clamping surface 261 and an inner straight clamping surface 262. When the cutting component 1 is installed on the clamping component 2, the gap between the outer straight positioning surface 161 and the corresponding outer straight clamping surface 261 is λ1, which should satisfy: λ1=0, in order to establish a radial positioning reference and reduce radial runout; the gap between the inner straight positioning surface 162 and the corresponding inner straight clamping surface 262 is λ2, which should satisfy: 0≤λ2≤0.3mm in order to facilitate assembly and accommodate minute manufacturing tolerances.

[0049] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the side positioning protrusions 16 on each side positioning surface 14 are symmetrical about the positioning center line 5 of the side positioning surface 14, and the side clamping recesses 26 on each side clamping surface 24 are symmetrical about the clamping center line 6 of the side clamping surface 24.

[0050] Furthermore, such as Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, in this embodiment, the clamping component 2 has a rotation center axis 7. When the cutting component 1 is separated from the clamping component 2, the angle between the clamping center line 6 and the rotation center axis 7 is γ2. When the cutting component 1 and the clamping component 2 are assembled, the angle between the clamping center line 6 and the rotation center axis 7 is γ1, satisfying: 30'≤γ2-γ1≤2°. This angle change allows radial clamping force to be generated through the angle change of the strip-shaped side positioning protrusion 16 and the side clamping recess 26 after tightening the fastener 3, automatically eliminating the fitting gap and achieving self-locking. Preferably, γ2=1°, γ1=0°.

[0051] Furthermore, such as Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, the inner mounting hole 15 has a hole centerline 4, and the outer mounting hole 25 has a machining centerline 8. The machining centerline 8 forms an eccentric distance τ relative to the hole centerline 4 in the direction of the shank 22, satisfying: 0.05mm ≤ τ ≤ 0.3mm. This eccentric distance utilizes the inclined surface of the fastener 3 (screw) head to convert the rotational torque into a huge radial clamping force, ensuring that the tool remains securely fastened under the high-frequency vibration environment generated by high-speed cutting, avoiding loosening and failure. Preferably, τ = 0.1mm.

[0052] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the cutting component 1 has an end cutting region 11 at one end relative to the bottom positioning surface 12 and a side cutting region 13 on the side adjacent to the side positioning surface 14. The end cutting region 11 and the side cutting region 13 form the cutting area of ​​the cutting component 1. Preferably, the depth direction of the clamping groove 21 is the same as the axial direction of the clamping component 2, and both sides in the length direction extend to both sides of the clamping component 2. The end cutting region 11 is located on the outer side of the clamping groove 21 in the depth direction, and the side cutting region 13 is located on the outer side of the clamping groove 21 in the length direction.

[0053] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the extending directions of the side positioning protrusion 16 and the side clamping recess 26 are both the same as the axial direction of the clamping member 2, which facilitates the assembly and disassembly of the cutting member 1 and the clamping member 2. Of course, in other embodiments, the extending directions of the side positioning protrusion 16 and the side clamping recess 26 may also be at an angle to the axial direction of the clamping member 2.

[0054] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 and Figure 6As shown, in this embodiment, a bottom positioning protrusion 17 is provided on the bottom positioning surface 12, and a bottom clamping recess 27 is provided on the bottom clamping surface 23. The bottom positioning protrusion 17 and the bottom clamping recess 27 are in a convex-concave fit to transmit the torque and radial cutting force between the cutting component 1 and the clamping component 2 during the cutting process. The convex-concave fit structure of the bottom positioning protrusion 17 and the bottom clamping recess 27 not only effectively shares the cutting load, but also prevents the drilling tool from undergoing relative displacement under heavy load conditions, thereby significantly improving the positioning accuracy and overall rigidity of the tool system.

[0055] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the bottom positioning protrusion 17 has N1 protrusions and the bottom clamping recess 27 has N2 protrusions, satisfying 2≤N1≤10 and 2≤N2≤10, thus balancing structural strength and manufacturing feasibility. Preferably, N1 = N2 = 7, and they are evenly distributed to achieve uniform load distribution.

[0056] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the gap between one opposite side of the bottom positioning protrusion 17 and the bottom clamping recess 27 is λ3, and the gap between the other opposite side is λ4, satisfying: λ3=λ4=0. That is, the two sides of the bottom positioning protrusion 17 and the two sides of the bottom clamping recess 27 are respectively in close contact with each other with zero gap, which maximizes the rigidity of the axial positioning of the bottom positioning protrusion 17 and the bottom clamping recess 27.

[0057] Specifically, the two sides of the bottom positioning protrusion 17 are respectively set as the bottom outer straight positioning surface 171 and the bottom inner straight positioning surface 172, and the two sides of the bottom clamping recess 27 are respectively set as the bottom outer straight clamping surface 271 and the bottom inner straight clamping surface 272. When the cutting component 1 is installed on the clamping component 2, the gap between the bottom outer straight positioning surface 171 and the corresponding bottom outer straight clamping surface 271 is λ3, and the gap between the bottom inner straight positioning surface 172 and the corresponding bottom inner straight clamping surface 272 is λ4, which should satisfy: λ3=λ4=0.

[0058] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the side positioning protrusions 16 on each side positioning surface 14 are arranged in parallel, and the side clamping recesses 26 on each side clamping surface 24 are arranged in parallel. The two side positioning surfaces 14 on the cutting component 1 are respectively located on opposite sides of the cutting component 1.

[0059] Example 2: Figure 9This paper presents a second embodiment of the precision-positioning drilling tool of the present invention. The technical solution of this embodiment is basically the same as that of the first embodiment, except that the asymmetric positioning is implemented differently. In this embodiment, the two sides of the side positioning protrusion 16 on one side positioning surface 14 form an included angle α; the two sides of the side positioning protrusion 16 on the other side positioning surface 14 form an included angle α'. To ensure the strength and centering ability of the protrusions, and to take into account the intuitiveness of unidirectional assembly, the following conditions should be met: 10°≤α-α'≤30°, and 30°≤α≤120°, 30°≤α'≤120°. For example, in this embodiment, α=60°, α'=50°. By using the difference in the included angle of the two side positioning protrusions 16, unidirectional unique assembly can also be achieved, thereby improving assembly accuracy and expanding the possibilities of production applications.

[0060] Example 3: Figure 10 A third embodiment of the precisely positioned drilling tool of the present invention is shown. The technical solution of this embodiment is basically the same as that of the first embodiment, except that the asymmetric positioning is implemented differently. In this embodiment, the center distance between two adjacent side positioning protrusions 16 on one side positioning surface 14 is d1, and the center distance between two adjacent side positioning protrusions 16 on the other side positioning surface 14 is d2. To ensure the strength and distribution density of the protrusions, and to take into account the intuitiveness of unidirectional assembly, the following conditions should be met: 0.5mm≤d1-d2≤3mm, and 0.5mm≤d1≤5mm, 0.5mm≤d2≤5mm. By using the difference in center distance between the two side positioning protrusions 16, reliable anti-misassembly and unidirectional assembly functions can also be achieved, further enriching the flexibility of manufacturing and assembly. Preferably, d1=0.75mm and d2=1.3mm are set.

[0061] Example 4: Figure 11 This paper presents a fourth embodiment of the precisely positioned drilling tool of the present invention. The technical solution of this embodiment is basically the same as that of the first embodiment, except that the asymmetric positioning is implemented differently. In this embodiment, the height of the positioning protrusion 16 on one side positioning surface 14 is H1, and the height of the positioning protrusion 16 on the other side positioning surface 14 is H2, satisfying: 0.5mm ≤ H1 H2 ≤ 2 mm, and: 0.5 mm ≤ H1 ≤ 3 mm, 0.5 mm ≤ H2 ≤ 3 mm. Utilizing the height difference of the two side positioning protrusions 16, unidirectional unique assembly is also effectively achieved, providing more feasible design solutions for actual production. Preferably, H1 = 0.4 mm, H2 = 0.6 mm.

[0062] In summary, the embodiments of the present invention construct a "form-lock" connection by setting an asymmetrical concave-convex fit structure on the side positioning surface 14 and the side clamping surface 24 of the cutting component 1 and the clamping component 2. This achieves circumferential forced positioning in a single direction and direct transmission of cutting load, significantly improving the repeatability of the drilling tool, system rigidity, and vibration resistance. Simultaneously, through optimization measures such as the concave-convex fit at the bottom, the design of the eccentric fastener 3, and the elastic self-locking angle, the stability and reliability of the connection are further enhanced, giving it significant advantages in high-precision, high-efficiency batch drilling operations.

[0063] While the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can make many possible variations and modifications to the technical solutions of the present invention, or modify them into equivalent embodiments, without departing from the scope of the present invention. Therefore, any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention, without departing from the scope of the present invention, should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A split-type drilling tool, comprising a cutting component (1), a clamping component (2), and a fastener (3), wherein the cutting component (1) has a bottom positioning surface (12) and at least two side positioning surfaces (14) respectively, one end of the clamping component (2) has a clamping groove (21) and the other end has a shank (22), the bottom surface of the clamping groove (21) is a bottom clamping surface (23), and at least two side clamping surfaces (24) are respectively provided on both sides, the cutting component (1) is clamped in the clamping groove (21) and fixed by the fastener (3), the bottom positioning surface (12) and the bottom clamping surface (23) are arranged opposite to each other, and the side positioning surface (14) and the side clamping surface (24) are arranged opposite to each other, characterized in that: The side positioning surface (14) is provided with a side positioning protrusion (16), and the side positioning protrusions (16) on different side positioning surfaces (14) are asymmetrically arranged. The side clamping surface (24) is provided with a side clamping recess (26), and the side clamping recesses (26) on different side clamping surfaces (24) are asymmetrically arranged. The side positioning protrusion (16) and the side clamping recess (26) are in concave-convex cooperation to determine the unique installation direction of the cutting component (1), realize the circumferential positioning of the cutting component (1), and transmit the cutting torque and cutting force between the cutting component (1) and the clamping component (2) during the cutting process.

2. The split-type drilling tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side positioning surface (14) is provided in two parts, located on opposite sides of the cutting component (1).

3. The split-type drilling tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: The two sides of the side positioning protrusion (16) on one side positioning surface (14) form an included angle α; the two sides of the side positioning protrusion (16) on the other side positioning surface (14) form an included angle α', satisfying: 10°≤α-α'≤30° and 30°≤α≤120°, 30°≤α'≤120°.

4. The split-type drilling tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: One of the side positioning surfaces (14) has N side positioning protrusions (16), and the other side positioning surface (14) has M side positioning protrusions (16), satisfying: 1 ≤ NM ≤ 3, and 1 ≤ N ≤ 8, 1 ≤ M ≤ 8.

5. The split-type drilling tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: The center distance between two adjacent side positioning protrusions (16) on one side positioning surface (14) is d1, and the center distance between two adjacent side positioning protrusions (16) on the other side positioning surface (14) is d2, satisfying: 0.5mm≤d1-d2≤3mm, and 0.5mm≤d1≤5mm, 0.5mm≤d2≤5mm.

6. The split-type drilling tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: The height of the upper positioning protrusion (16) of one side positioning surface (14) is H1, and the height of the upper positioning protrusion (16) of the other side positioning surface (14) is H2, satisfying: 0.5mm ≤ H1 H2 ≤2 mm, and: 0.5mm≤ H1≤3 mm, 0.5mm≤ H2 ≤3 mm.

7. The split-type drilling tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom positioning surface (12) is provided with a bottom positioning protrusion (17), and the bottom clamping surface (23) is provided with a bottom clamping recess (27). The bottom positioning protrusion (17) and the bottom clamping recess (27) are in concave-convex cooperation to transmit the torque and radial cutting force between the cutting component (1) and the clamping component (2) during the cutting process.

8. The split-type drilling tool according to claim 7, characterized in that: The bottom positioning protrusion (17) has N1 units, and the bottom clamping recess (27) has N2 units, satisfying: 2≤N1≤10, 2≤N2≤10.

9. The split-type drilling tool according to claim 7, characterized in that: The gap between the bottom positioning protrusion (17) and the bottom clamping recess (27) on one opposite side is λ3 and the gap on the other opposite side is λ4, satisfying: λ3=λ4=0.

10. The split-type drilling tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side positioning protrusions (16) on each of the side positioning surfaces (14) are symmetrical about the positioning center line (5) of the side positioning surface (14), and the side clamping recesses (26) on each of the side clamping surfaces (24) are symmetrical about the clamping center line (6) of the side clamping surface (24).

11. The split-type drilling tool according to claim 10, characterized in that: The clamping component (2) has a rotation center axis (7). When the cutting component (1) is separated from the clamping component (2), the angle between the clamping center line (6) and the rotation center axis (7) is γ2. When the cutting component (1) and the clamping component (2) are assembled in place, the angle between the clamping center line (6) and the rotation center axis (7) is γ1, satisfying: 30'≤γ2-γ1≤2°.

12. The split-type drilling tool according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that: The gap between the side positioning protrusion (16) and the opposite side of the side clamping recess (26) is λ1, which satisfies: λ1=0.

13. The split-type drilling tool according to claim 12, characterized in that: The gap between the side positioning protrusion (16) and the other opposite side of the side clamping recess (26) is λ2, which satisfies: 0≤λ2≤0.3mm.

14. The split-type drilling tool according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that: The cutting component (1) has an inner mounting hole (15) that extends through to the side positioning surface (14). The clamping groove (21) has an outer mounting hole (25) that extends through to the side clamping surface (24). The fastener (3) passes through the inner mounting hole (15) and the outer mounting hole (25).

15. The split-type drilling tool according to claim 14, characterized in that: The inner mounting hole (15) has a hole center line (4), and the outer mounting hole (25) has a machining center line (8). The machining center line (8) forms an eccentric distance τ relative to the hole center line (4) in the direction of the shank (22), satisfying: 0.05mm≤τ≤0.3mm.

16. The split-type drilling tool according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that: The cutting component (1) has an end cutting area (11) at one end relative to the bottom positioning surface (12) and a side cutting area (13) on the side adjacent to the side positioning surface (14).

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