Gantry combined machining machine tool and machining method

Abstract

The application discloses a gantry compound machining tool and a machining method, which are specially used for the compound machining of complex parts such as airplane landing gears. The tool comprises a machining spindle module, a rotary table, a compound machining module and a horizontal clamping mechanism. The rotary table rotary shaft axis is parallel to the X-axis or Y-axis direction, the compound machining module is oppositely arranged with the rotary table, and comprises a drilling, boring and honing assembly, the feeding direction is consistent with the rotary table rotary shaft axis; the horizontal clamping mechanism is arranged between the rotary table and the compound machining module, and can horizontally fix the workpiece and exchange the workpiece with the rotary table. The workpiece is selectively clamped by the horizontal clamping mechanism, the rotary table or both. The application integrates all processes of turning, milling, drilling, boring and honing on one tool, realizes the clamping state switching through the automatic exchange of the horizontal clamping mechanism and the rotary table, eliminates the accumulated error of multi-tool circulation, shortens the manufacturing period, and is suitable for the machining of high-precision complex parts such as airplane landing gears.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of aircraft landing gear machining, and more particularly to a gantry machining center and method. Background Technology

[0002] The landing gear, along with the airframe, engine, and avionics system, constitutes the four major systems of a modern aircraft. Often referred to as the "foothold of life" or "legs of the aircraft," it bears crucial load-bearing responsibilities during takeoff, landing, taxiing, and parking. The landing gear is divided into main landing gear and nose landing gear, accounting for approximately 3.5%–5.0% of the aircraft's total weight and about 10%–15% of its structural weight. It involves thousands of parts and requires stringent standards of precision and consistency. In my country's large aircraft sector, the localization of landing gear has undergone a challenging journey from scratch: In 2012, AVIC Aircraft Landing Gear Co., Ltd. and Liebherr of Germany jointly established Liebherr AVIC Landing Gear (Changsha) Co., Ltd. to produce landing gear systems for the C919 project; in January 2019, key forgings such as the C919 main landing gear outer cylinder passed the installation review, marking the complete localization of key forgings; starting with the fourth C919 prototype (104th aircraft), the landing gear used domestically assembled and delivered products; on February 26, 2025, the C919 main landing gear piston rod production line was officially opened and the first piece was delivered, marking a crucial step in the localization of landing gear manufacturing from problem-solving to mass production. The difficulty of landing gear processing can be summarized in three levels. First, regarding system complexity: the landing gear is one of the most structurally complex components in an aircraft's avionics system, consisting of tens of thousands of parts. The main landing gear alone has approximately 4,000 parts, among which the outer cylinder and piston rod are the most difficult to manufacture. It is the only load-bearing channel supporting tens or even hundreds of tons of weight during takeoff and landing, with concentrated load paths and extremely low tolerance for errors in fatigue strength, fracture toughness, corrosion resistance, and dimensional consistency. Second, regarding material performance limits: key load-bearing components often use difficult-to-machine materials such as 300M ultra-high strength steel and titanium alloys. They must simultaneously meet contradictory performance indicators such as ultra-high strength (tensile strength approximately 1900–2100 MPa), high toughness (elongation >10%), and ultra-high fatigue strength (>1000 MPa). This makes the materials difficult to smelt, forge, and machine, and extremely sensitive to surface condition and stress concentration—even tiny tool marks, grinding burns, or burrs can cause a sharp drop in fatigue strength. Therefore, the manufacturing chain must embed "fatigue-resistant manufacturing / surface integrity control" into every process. Third, in terms of precision manufacturing of large components: large load-bearing forgings such as the main landing gear outer cylinder have large outlines, drastic cross-sectional changes, and uneven wall thickness distribution, making dimensional and streamline control during forging extremely difficult; after forging, they need to undergo complex heat treatment to achieve ultra-high strength while avoiding brittle fracture; finally, high-precision fit and geometric surface integrity (hole system, bearing housing, sealing surface, etc.) must be achieved on large-volume parts. Taking the C919 main landing gear piston rod as an example, its production line needs to overcome 35 processes. The difficulty is not only "whether a qualified product can be produced", but also whether the stability, consistency, traceability and capacity building of the process can be transformed into sustainable mass production capability. This places extremely high engineering management requirements on the systemic constraints of the manufacturing cycle (the manufacturing cycle of large passenger aircraft landing gear is about six months).

[0003] The machining of aircraft landing gear typically involves multiple processes, including turning, milling, drilling, boring, and honing. Currently, deep hole machining is generally preceded by milling on a gantry milling machine. However, since gantry milling machines cannot perform turning, subsequent turning operations on a lathe are required. Alternatively, a large milling-turning machining center can be used. While this center can perform both turning and milling simultaneously, it lacks support at the workpiece ends. To prevent deformation of the unsupported parts, the workpiece removal rate cannot be too high, significantly reducing machining efficiency and increasing the difficulty of maintaining machining accuracy. Besides these drawbacks, large-scale machining centers are also very expensive. After milling and turning, the workpiece needs to be transferred to other equipment for deep hole drilling, honing, and boring. Existing machining equipment consists of general-purpose machine tools, and there are no dedicated large landing gear machining machines. Due to the limited functionality of existing machine tools, the aforementioned machining processes must be completed by transferring the workpiece between multiple machine tools with different functions. Specifically, the workpiece needs to be clamped, transferred, and repositioned multiple times between different lathes, milling machines, drilling machines, boring machines, and honing machines. Each time the machine tool is changed, the workpiece needs to be re-clamped and repositioned. The conversion of the clamping datum inevitably introduces positioning errors, and the multiple clamping during the transfer process leads to an increase in cumulative errors. For high-precision parts such as landing gear, the cumulative errors caused by multiple clampings often fail to meet design tolerance requirements, seriously affecting machining accuracy. Differences in the precision status of different machine tools and the clamping habits of operators make it difficult to guarantee the machining consistency of batches of parts, increasing the difficulty of quality control. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a gantry composite machining center to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0005] A gantry-type composite machining center, characterized in that it comprises: Bed frame; A gantry frame, comprising columns and crossbeams mounted on the columns; A machining spindle module is mounted on the crossbeam and is capable of moving along the Y-axis and Z-axis directions. The machining spindle module is capable of holding milling cutters and / or turning tools. A turntable is mounted on the bed, and the axis of rotation of the turntable is parallel to the X-axis or the Y-axis. The composite machining module is disposed on the machine bed and opposite to the rotary table. The composite machining module includes at least one of a drilling assembly, a boring assembly, and a honing assembly. The axis of rotation of the rotary table is parallel to the feed direction of the composite machining module. And a flat clamping mechanism disposed on the bed and located between the rotary table and the composite machining module, the flat clamping mechanism being able to fix the workpiece on a horizontal plane; The flat clamping mechanism and the gantry frame can move relative to each other in the X-axis direction.

[0006] Furthermore, the flat clamping mechanism and the turntable can alternately clamp the workpiece, and the workpiece can be selectively clamped and fixed on the horizontal plane by the flat clamping mechanism, clamped by the turntable, or clamped by both the flat clamping mechanism and the turntable.

[0007] Furthermore, the flat clamping mechanism includes a tooling subplate capable of clamping a workpiece, the tooling subplate being provided with a first clamp that can hold the workpiece in place and keep the workpiece fixed, and a second clamp being provided on the turntable that can clamp the workpiece on the turntable.

[0008] Furthermore, the second fixture makes the axis of the workpiece's inner hole coincide with the axis of the turntable's rotating shaft.

[0009] Furthermore, the flat clamping mechanism includes a lifting module disposed on the bed and a tooling subplate that can be driven by the lifting module and clamps the workpiece; the workpiece can be driven by the lifting module to rise to the turntable clamping position along with the tooling subplate, and after the workpiece is clamped by the turntable, the tooling subplate can be driven by the lifting module to descend and move away from the rotary machining area.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes a support platform for horizontally supporting the tooling subplate, the bottom of the support platform is provided with a positioning and locking device, and the top of the support platform is provided with a positioning and locking device between the bottom of the tooling subplate and the bottom of the tooling subplate.

[0011] Furthermore, a positioning and locking device is provided between the top of the lifting module and the bottom of the tooling sub-plate, and the tooling sub-plate and the lifting module are locked and separated by the positioning and locking device.

[0012] Furthermore, the gantry can move along the X-axis, the lifting module is located inside the bed, the bed is provided with loading and unloading guide rails, the loading and unloading guide rails are in the horizontal plane and perpendicular to the axis of the turntable, and the tooling subplate or support platform can move along the loading and unloading guide rails to the lifting module.

[0013] Furthermore, it also includes a worktable mounted on the bed and capable of moving along the X-axis. The gantry frame is fixedly mounted relative to the bed. The lifting module is located inside the worktable. The worktable is equipped with loading and unloading guide rails. The loading and unloading guide rails are in a horizontal plane and perpendicular to the axis of the turntable. The tooling subplate or support platform can move along the loading and unloading guide rails to the lifting module.

[0014] Furthermore, the loading and unloading guide rails can be raised and lowered in the vertical direction.

[0015] Furthermore, it also includes a loading and unloading device for loading and unloading materials.

[0016] Furthermore, it also includes a loading and unloading device for loading and unloading materials, which is a ground rail automatic loading and unloading device, a robot automatic loading and unloading device, or an overhead crane automatic loading and unloading device.

[0017] Furthermore, the loading and unloading device is a robotic automatic loading and unloading device; the robotic automatic loading and unloading device can transport the workpiece to the flat clamping mechanism, the flat clamping mechanism can directly or indirectly fix the workpiece, or transport the workpiece to the turntable, the turntable can directly or indirectly clamp the workpiece.

[0018] Furthermore, the flat clamping mechanism also includes a tooling sub-plate, which is provided with a first clamp for clamping the workpiece; The robot's automatic loading and unloading device can transport the tooling sub-plate, the first fixture, and the workpiece to the processing area or transport the tooling sub-plate, the first fixture, and the workpiece away from the processing area.

[0019] Furthermore, the loading and unloading device includes a loading and unloading device base, a loading and unloading turntable, and a first loading and unloading station and a second loading and unloading station located on both sides of the loading and unloading turntable on the loading and unloading device base. The support platform can be switched between the first loading / unloading station and the loading / unloading guide rail by the loading / unloading turntable. When the support platform is located at the loading / unloading guide rail, the loading / unloading guide rail drives the support platform to rise and fall so as to fix and separate the support platform from the worktable through the positioning and locking device. The tooling subplate can be switched between the second loading / unloading station and the lifting module by the loading / unloading turntable. When the tooling subplate is on the lifting module, the lifting module drives the tooling subplate to lift and lower so that the support platform and the tooling subplate can be fixed and separated by the positioning and locking device.

[0020] Furthermore, it also includes a central support assembly and / or a top module assembly disposed within the machine tool bed on the side closer to the composite machining module; The central support assembly includes a central support and a central support drive mechanism, wherein the central support drive mechanism is capable of driving the central support to move so that the central support is coaxial with the turntable. The top module component includes a top and a top drive mechanism, the top drive mechanism being able to drive the top to move, so that the top is coaxial with the turntable.

[0021] Furthermore, the composite machining module includes a mounting base, one or more of a drilling assembly, a boring assembly, and a honing assembly mounted on the mounting base, and a mounting base drive assembly for driving the movement of the mounting base; Alternatively, the composite processing module may be fixedly configured and include any one of the drilling assembly, boring assembly, or honing assembly.

[0022] Furthermore, the top module assembly is fixed on the mounting base.

[0023] Furthermore, the machining spindle module includes a spindle head, which can change the angle between its axis and at least one of the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis by swinging or rotating.

[0024] Furthermore, the lifting module is a hydraulic cylinder driven lifting module, a motor screw driven lifting module, or a wedge block lifting module.

[0025] A machining method for a gantry milling machine tool, comprising: The workpiece is horizontally clamped in the flat clamping mechanism; When a workpiece needs to undergo a non-rotational machining process, the workpiece is fixed by the flat clamping mechanism, and the corresponding cutting tool or the corresponding machining component on the composite machining module is clamped by the machining spindle module to perform the corresponding machining process on the workpiece. Alternatively, when a workpiece requires a rotary machining process, after the turntable clamps the workpiece, the flat clamping mechanism separates from the workpiece and moves away from it. The turntable then drives the workpiece to rotate and performs the corresponding machining process by clamping the corresponding cutting tool or the corresponding machining component on the composite machining module through the machining spindle module.

[0026] Furthermore, when the workpiece needs to be flipped, after the turntable clamps the workpiece, the flat clamping mechanism separates from the workpiece and moves away from the workpiece, the turntable drives the workpiece to flip, the flat clamping mechanism approaches the workpiece and clamps the workpiece horizontally, and the turntable separates from the workpiece.

[0027] Furthermore, the tooling subplate holding the workpiece is transported to the lifting module by the loading and unloading device, and the lifting module drives the tooling subplate holding the workpiece to rise. The support platform is transported to the bottom of the tooling subplate by the loading and unloading device, and the tooling subplate is locked and fixed to the bed; the lifting module drives the tooling subplate to descend, and the support platform is locked and fixed to the tooling subplate to keep the workpiece in a fixed state; When the workpiece needs to be rotated, the lifting module drives the tooling subplate to rise so as to separate the support platform from the tooling subplate and move the workpiece to the turntable clamping position for clamping. After the support table is separated from the bed, it is transported away from the underside of the tooling subplate by the loading and unloading device. The tooling subplate separates from the workpiece, and the lifting module drives the tooling subplate to descend away from the workpiece.

[0028] Furthermore, the tooling subplate holding the workpiece is transported to the lifting module by the loading and unloading device, and the lifting module drives the tooling subplate to rise to the processing position and clamps the tooling subplate. When the workpiece needs to be rotated, the lifting module drives the tooling subplate to move the workpiece to the turntable clamping position for clamping. The tooling subplate separates from the workpiece, and the lifting module drives the tooling subplate to descend away from the workpiece.

[0029] Furthermore, it also includes top module components or center frame components supporting the free end of the workpiece.

[0030] The gantry composite machining center disclosed in this invention integrates all the processes required for machining landing gear, including turning, milling, drilling, boring, and grinding, and innovatively sets up a workpiece exchange mechanism between a flat clamping mechanism and a turntable.

[0031] The workpiece undergoes only one initial clamping within the machine tool, and all subsequent processes are completed continuously under the same coordinate system, completely eliminating the accumulation of positioning errors introduced by datum conversion during multi-machine tool transfer. The design of a single machine tool, a single coordinate system, and automated clamping reduces the factors affecting machining consistency from "multiple machine tools + multiple operators" to "one machine tool + standardized program." Repeatability positioning accuracy is unaffected by human factors. For critical load-bearing components of the landing gear, such as the main lifting outer cylinder and piston rod, the precision requirements for the mating geometry of the hole system, bearing housing, and sealing surfaces are extremely high. This application controls the positional error within the range of machine tool geometric accuracy, providing a precision foundation for fatigue-resistant manufacturing.

[0032] During the processing, there is no need for multiple machine tool processes to be transferred. The workpiece exchange path between the flat clamping mechanism and the turntable is short and the operation is simple. This greatly reduces the logistics waiting time in the traditional multi-machine tool process, and provides room for optimization at the equipment level for the systemic constraint of a six-month manufacturing cycle for large passenger aircraft landing gear.

[0033] Moreover, the workpiece is always kept in the same closed processing environment, with consistent cutting fluid system, temperature field, and cleanliness, avoiding surface damage and contamination during transportation. The processes are tightly integrated, with the relative positional accuracy of boring and honing guaranteed by the machine tool's geometric accuracy, and the surface condition before honing maintained by the same environment. This achieves true integration of fatigue-resistant manufacturing from process design to equipment implementation, delaying the initiation of fatigue cracks in the landing gear.

[0034] One machine tool can replace multiple traditional general-purpose machine tools, significantly reducing the number of equipment, floor space, personnel configuration, and maintenance costs, which is of great significance for the localization of landing gear manufacturing.

[0035] Currently, no single machine tool worldwide can independently complete all machining processes of landing gear. This application integrates a high-rigidity gantry structure, dual-swivel head five-axis linkage, rotary table turning, drilling, boring and grinding integration, and automated workpiece exchange into a single platform for the first time, forming a dedicated composite solution for the entire landing gear process. This provides core equipment support for my country's large aircraft landing gear to move from "domestic production" to "independence". Attached Figure Description

[0036] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a gantry composite machining center disclosed in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the flat clamping mechanism and composite machining module of a gantry composite machining center disclosed in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a side view schematic diagram of the flat clamping mechanism and turntable structure of a gantry composite machining center disclosed in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a gantry composite machining center disclosed in Embodiment 5 of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a gantry composite machining center disclosed in Embodiment 6 of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a gantry composite machining center disclosed in Embodiment 7 of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the wedge block lifting module structure disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] In the picture: 1. Bed; 110. Positioning and locking device; 120. Loading and unloading guide rails; 2. Gantry frame; 21. Column; 22. Horizontal beam; 3. Machining spindle module; 31. Double oscillating head; 4. Turntable; 41. Second clamp; 5. Composite machining module; 51. Drilling assembly; 52. Boring assembly; 53. Honing assembly; 54. Mounting base; 55. Mounting base drive assembly; 6. Flat clamping mechanism; 61. Tooling subplate; 62. First clamp; 63. Lifting module; 7. Workpiece; 8. Support platform; 9. Workbench; 10. Loading and unloading device; 101. Loading and unloading device base; 102. Loading and unloading turntable; 103. First loading and unloading station; 104. Second loading and unloading station; 11. Central support assembly; 12. Top-tier modular components. Detailed Implementation

[0039] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] Example 1 like Figures 1-3 As shown, this embodiment provides a gantry composite machining center, which adopts a fixed beam gantry structure and is specifically designed for composite machining of aircraft landing gear.

[0041] The gantry composite machining center of this embodiment includes a bed 1, a gantry frame 2, a machining spindle module 3, a turntable 4, a composite machining module 5, and a flat clamping mechanism 6.

[0042] The bed 1 is the basic support component of the machine tool, and has good rigidity and vibration resistance. The upper surface of the bed 1 is provided with a guide rail extending along the X-axis, and a worktable 9 is provided on the guide rail, which can move along the X-axis.

[0043] The gantry frame 2 includes two uprights 21 and a crossbeam 22. The two uprights 21 are fixedly installed on both sides of the upper surface of the bed 1, and the crossbeam 22 spans the tops of the two uprights 21 and is rigidly connected to the uprights 21, forming a closed gantry frame structure. The gantry frame 2 is fixedly arranged relative to the bed 1, and remains stable during processing.

[0044] The machining spindle module 3 is mounted on the crossbeam 22 and includes a slide saddle, a slide ram, and a double-swivel head 31. The slide saddle can slide along the crossbeam 22 in the Y-axis direction; the slide ram is mounted on the slide saddle and can slide up and down in the Z-axis direction; the double-swivel head 31 is mounted on the lower end of the slide ram and can perform double-swivel motion around the A-axis and C-axis. The end of the double-swivel head 31 is equipped with an automatic tool changer spindle, which can hold milling cutters and / or turning tools. Through the Y-axis, Z-axis, and A / C-axis movements of the double-swivel head 31, the machining spindle module 3 can achieve multi-pose and multi-angle machining in three-dimensional space.

[0045] A double-swivel head is the preferred option, but a single-swivel head or other types of spindle heads can also be used. As long as the angle between the spindle head and the linear axis can change with oscillation or rotation, the processing requirements can be met.

[0046] The rotary table 4 is disposed on one side of the upper surface of the worktable 9, and its rotation axis is parallel to the X-axis direction. The rotary table 4 includes a rotary table base, a rotary drive mechanism, and a second clamp 41. The rotary table base is fixed to the bed 1, and the rotary drive mechanism drives the rotary table surface to rotate around the horizontal axis, with a rotation angle range of 0° to 360°, enabling indexing and positioning at any angle and continuous rotation. The second clamp 41 is mounted on the rotary table surface and can clamp the workpiece 7 on the rotary table 4. When it is necessary to drive the workpiece 7 to rotate through the rotary table 4 to process the workpiece 7, the second clamp 41 makes the inner hole axis of the workpiece 7 coincide with the rotation axis of the rotary table 4; alternatively, depending on the processing requirements, the second clamp 41 can be designed to be fixed only to the rotary table 4.

[0047] The composite machining module 5 is disposed on the worktable 9 and opposite to the rotary table 4, i.e., located on the other side of the rotary table 4. The composite machining module 5 includes a mounting base 54, a drilling assembly 51, a boring assembly 52, and a honing assembly 53. The mounting base 54 is mounted on the bed 1 via a linear guide rail, and the mounting base drive assembly 55 can drive the mounting base 54 to move in a horizontal plane along a direction perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the rotary table 4. In this embodiment, the mounting base drive assembly 55 is a servo motor driving a ball screw.

[0048] The direction of movement of the mounting base 54 driven by the mounting base drive assembly 55 is not unique. Through the mounting base drive assembly 55, the axis of the drilling assembly 51, boring assembly 52 or honing assembly 53 set on the mounting base is made coaxial with the axis of rotation of the turntable.

[0049] By moving the mounting base 54 along the Y-axis, different processing components can be accurately oriented toward the workpiece 7, thereby performing drilling, boring, or honing processes. The composite processing module 5 integrates the drilling component 51, the boring component 52, and the honing component 53 into the same mounting base 54, and achieves rapid switching of hole system positions through Y-axis movement.

[0050] The drilling assembly 51, boring assembly 52, and honing assembly 53 are mounted side-by-side on the mounting base 54 along the X-axis. The feed direction of all three is consistent with the axis of rotation of the rotary table 4, i.e., feeds along the X-axis. The drilling assembly 51 includes a drill spindle and a drilling feed mechanism; the boring assembly 52 includes a boring spindle and a boring feed mechanism; and the honing assembly 53 includes a honing head and a honing feed mechanism.

[0051] When there is only one drilling assembly 51, boring assembly 52 and honing assembly 53, there is no need to set up a drive device in the Y-axis direction, and the composite machining module 5 can be fixedly set.

[0052] The flat clamping mechanism 6 is disposed on the bed 1 and located between the rotary table 4 and the composite machining module 5. The flat clamping mechanism 6 includes a lifting module 63, a tooling subplate 61, and a support platform 8. The lifting module 63 is disposed within the worktable 9. The tooling subplate 61 clamps the workpiece 7 and is provided with a first clamp 62, which can press the workpiece 7 tightly against the tooling subplate 61 to keep the workpiece 7 fixed on a horizontal surface. The support platform 8 is used to horizontally support the tooling subplate 61.

[0053] In the X-axis direction, the gantry 2 is fixed, and the bed 1 is equipped with a worktable 9 that can move along the X-axis direction. In this embodiment, the rotary table 4 and the composite machining module 5 are also located on the worktable 9. The support platform 8 is connected to the worktable 9, and the worktable 9 drives the rotary table 4, the flat clamping mechanism 6, the composite machining module 5, and the workpiece 7 to move as a whole along the X-axis direction, thereby realizing the feed motion in the X-axis direction.

[0054] It adopts a fixed beam gantry structure, with the gantry frame 2 rigidly fixed to the bed 1. The overall structure has high rigidity and good stability, and can withstand the cutting force generated by the movement of the machining spindle module 3 in the Y and Z axes. It is particularly suitable for heavy cutting machining of heavy parts such as aircraft landing gear.

[0055] The flat clamping mechanism 6 and the turntable 4 are configured to exchange workpieces 7. Specifically, the lifting module 63 can drive the tooling subplate 61 and the workpiece 7 on it to move up and down in the vertical direction. When the workpiece 7 needs to be transferred from the flat clamping mechanism 6 to the turntable 4, the lifting module 63 drives the tooling subplate 61 to rise, so that the workpiece 7 reaches the clamping position of the turntable 4, that is, the clamping height of the second clamp 41. After the second clamp 41 clamps the workpiece 7, the first clamp 62 releases, and the lifting module 63 drives the tooling subplate 61 to descend and move away from the rotary machining area, completing the exchange of workpiece 7 from the flat clamping mechanism 6 to the turntable 4. Conversely, when workpiece 7 needs to be transferred from the turntable 4 to the flat clamping mechanism 6, the lifting module 63 drives the tooling subplate 61 to rise below workpiece 7, the first clamp 62 clamps workpiece 7, the second clamp 41 releases, and the lifting module 63 drives the tooling subplate 61 to descend, bringing workpiece 7 back to the processing position of the flat clamping mechanism 6.

[0056] The lifting module can be driven by a motor screw, a hydraulic cylinder (pneumatic cylinder), or a wedge block lifting mechanism; The wedge block lifting module includes a lifting base and a lifting block. The lifting base has an inclined surface, and the lifting block can move along the inclined surface. Through the movement along the inclined surface, the tooling subplate mounted on the lifting block can achieve compound movement in the Y-axis and Z-axis directions, making the movement efficiency of the tooling subplate higher.

[0057] The workpiece 7 can be selectively clamped and fixed on a horizontal plane by the flat clamping mechanism 6, clamped by the turntable 4, or clamped by both the flat clamping mechanism 6 and the turntable 4. Specific states are as follows: Clamped solely by the flat clamping mechanism 6: When the machining process requires the workpiece 7 to remain stationary, such as during milling, partial drilling, boring, or honing, the workpiece 7 is only pressed against the tooling subplate 61 by the first clamp 62, maintaining a horizontal and fixed state. At this time, the turntable 4 does not clamp the workpiece 7, and the tooling subplate 61 is in a suitable machining position.

[0058] When the machining process requires the workpiece 7 to rotate, such as when turning, or when partially drilling, boring, honing, or when the workpiece 7 is flipped, the workpiece 7 is clamped on the turntable 4 by the second fixture 41, and the tooling subplate 61 is lowered and moved away from the workpiece 7 to avoid interfering with the rotary machining.

[0059] The two clamps can be used together: During the transition phase of workpiece 7 exchange, or in certain processing steps that require auxiliary support, the first clamp 62 and the second clamp 41 can clamp workpiece 7 simultaneously to achieve double fixation and improve clamping stability.

[0060] The clamping mechanism 6 includes a tooling subplate 61 on which the workpiece 7 is clamped. Its upper surface may be provided with locating pins and locating surfaces for positioning the workpiece 7. A first clamp 62 is provided on the tooling subplate 61. The first clamp 62 includes multiple hydraulic or pneumatic clamping cylinders. The piston rod end of each hydraulic or pneumatic clamping cylinder is provided with a pressure plate. The pressure plate can press the workpiece 7 against the upper surface of the tooling subplate 61 from above, keeping the workpiece 7 fixed on a horizontal plane. The clamping force of the first clamp 62 can be adjusted according to the material of the workpiece 7 and the processing parameters. The form of the first clamp 62 is not limited to the hydraulic or pneumatic clamping cylinders described in this embodiment; other structures can also be used to clamp the workpiece 7.

[0061] The turntable 4 is equipped with a second clamp 41. The second clamp 41 includes a chuck, such as a hydraulic or electric chuck, and a mandrel or expansion sleeve for positioning the inner hole of the workpiece 7. When the workpiece 7 is transferred to the turntable 4, the reference inner hole of the workpiece 7 is fitted into the mandrel or expansion sleeve, and the jaws of the chuck clamp the workpiece 7 from its outer diameter or end face, ensuring that the axis of the inner hole or the axis of the outer diameter of the workpiece 7 precisely coincides with the axis of rotation of the turntable 4. The second clamp 41 has high clamping accuracy, ensuring the coaxiality requirement of the workpiece 7 during rotation. Similarly, the form of the second clamp 41 is not limited to the chuck and expansion sleeve described in this embodiment; other structures can also be used to clamp and position the workpiece 7.

[0062] The flat clamping mechanism 6 also includes a lifting module 63 disposed within the worktable 9. The lifting module 63 includes a lifting drive mechanism and a lifting guide rod. The lifting drive mechanism can drive the lifting guide rod to move up and down. A pad is provided at the end of the lifting guide rod, and the tooling sub-plate 61 is pressed on the pad. The lifting drive mechanism drives the tooling sub-plate 61 to move up and down in the vertical direction through the lifting guide rod.

[0063] In this embodiment, the flat clamping mechanism 6 further includes a support platform 8 for horizontally supporting the tooling subplate 61. The support platform 8 has a positioning and locking device 110 at its bottom and a positioning and locking device 110 between its top and the bottom of the tooling subplate 61. The positioning and locking device 110 is also located between the top of the lifting module 63 and the bottom of the tooling subplate 61. The tooling subplate 61 and the lifting module 63 are locked and separated by the positioning and locking device 110.

[0064] In this embodiment, the positioning and locking device 110 is a zero-point positioning structure. This zero-point positioning structure enables rapid and precise positioning and clamping between the support platform 8 and the worktable 9, and between the tooling subplate 61 and the support platform 8. The positioning and locking device 110 is not limited to a zero-point positioning structure; it can achieve positioning and locking of either part.

[0065] In this embodiment, the workbench 9 is provided with loading and unloading guide rails 120. The loading and unloading guide rails 120 are in a horizontal plane and perpendicular to the axis of the turntable 4. The tooling subplate 61 or the support platform 8 can move along the loading and unloading guide rails 120 to the lifting module 63.

[0066] The tooling subplate 61 moves along the loading and unloading guide rail 120 and moves to the lifting module 63. The lifting module 63 raises the tooling subplate 61 and moves away from the loading and unloading guide rail 120. The support platform 8 moves along the loading and unloading guide rail 120 and moves to below the tooling subplate 61, locking the support platform 8 and the tooling subplate 61 for processing.

[0067] In this embodiment, the loading and unloading guide rail 120 can be raised and lowered. When the tooling subplate 61 and the support table 8 move along the loading and unloading guide rail 120, the loading and unloading guide rail 120 is in an upward state. When the support table 8 needs to be locked on the worktable 9, the loading and unloading guide rail 120 is lowered, and the support table 8 and the worktable 9 are locked together by a locking mechanism, such as a zero-point positioning structure.

[0068] This embodiment also includes a loading and unloading device 10. The loading and unloading device 10 is a ground rail automatic loading and unloading device, a robot automatic loading and unloading device, or an overhead crane automatic loading and unloading device. In this embodiment, a ground rail automatic loading and unloading device is used, in which a track is set on the ground and a logistics line is established to transport the workpiece 7. The workpiece 7 can be transported individually or clamped on the tooling subplate 61 for overall transport.

[0069] In this embodiment, the loading and unloading device 10 includes a loading and unloading device base 101, a loading and unloading turntable 102, and a first loading and unloading station 103 and a second loading and unloading station 104 disposed on the loading and unloading device base 101 on both sides of the loading and unloading turntable 102.

[0070] The support platform 8 can be switched between the first loading / unloading station 103 and the loading / unloading guide rail 120 by the loading / unloading turntable 102. When the support platform 8 is on the loading / unloading guide rail 120, the loading / unloading guide rail 120 drives the support platform 8 to rise and fall so as to fix and separate the support platform 8 from the worktable 9 through the positioning and locking device 110.

[0071] The tooling subplate 61 can be switched between the second loading / unloading station 104 and the lifting module 63 by the loading / unloading turntable 102. When the tooling subplate 61 is on the lifting module 63, the lifting module 63 drives the tooling subplate 61 to rise and fall so that the support platform 8 and the tooling subplate 61 can be fixed and separated by the positioning locking device 110.

[0072] The loading / unloading turntable 102, the first loading / unloading station 103, and the second loading / unloading station 104 are all equipped with guide rails. The loading / unloading turntable 102 can rotate to change the direction of the guide rails, so that the guide rails of the loading / unloading turntable 102 can be connected with the first loading / unloading station 103, the second loading / unloading station 104, or the loading / unloading guide rail 120 as needed, so as to realize the exchange of the support platform 8 or the tooling subplate 61.

[0073] In this embodiment, a central support assembly 11 and a top-mounted module assembly 12 are also included. The central support assembly 11 and the top-mounted module assembly 12 can be selected or set simultaneously according to processing requirements.

[0074] The central support assembly 11 includes a central support and a central support drive mechanism. The central support drive mechanism can drive the central support to move so that the central support is coaxial with the turntable 4.

[0075] The top module assembly 12 includes a top and a top drive mechanism, the top drive mechanism being able to drive the top module assembly 12 to make the top module assembly 12 coaxial with the turntable 4.

[0076] Both the center support assembly 11 and the top module assembly 12 can provide support for the workpiece 7, improving the stability of the workpiece 7 in turning or other processes that require the workpiece 7 to rotate.

[0077] In this embodiment, the top module component 12 is mounted on the mounting base 54 of the composite processing module 5, and the component 55 is moved by the mounting base.

[0078] Example 2 The difference between this embodiment and embodiment one is that the flat clamping mechanism 6 in this embodiment includes a lifting module 63 and a tooling subplate 61; the lifting module 63 includes a lifting drive mechanism and a pad plate disposed on the top of the lifting drive mechanism, the tooling subplate 61 is locked and fixed to the pad plate, and the lifting drive mechanism drives the tooling subplate 61 to put the workpiece 7 in the processing position, thereby processing the workpiece 7 clamped on the tooling subplate 61.

[0079] The structure of locking the pad and the tooling subplate 61 together enables the tooling subplate 61 to be quickly and accurately positioned in the horizontal plane, and then directly transported to the processing position by the lifting module 63. The lifting stroke of the lifting module 63 is directly locked at the processing position, which helps to improve processing efficiency.

[0080] Example 3 The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the flat clamping mechanism 6 in this embodiment includes a tooling sub-plate 61. In this embodiment, a robotic arm feeds the tooling sub-plate 61, the first clamp 62 mounted on the tooling sub-plate 61, and the workpiece 7 clamped by the first clamp 62 onto the machine tool. After the tooling sub-plate 61 is locked onto the machine tool, the workpiece 7 can be processed. When it is necessary to unload or change materials, the robotic arm removes the workpiece 7, the first clamp 62, or the tooling sub-plate 61 to realize the unloading or material changing action.

[0081] The tooling subplate 61 is used to position and clamp the workpiece 7. The movement of the workpiece 7 and the tooling subplate 61 is achieved by external structures such as a robot arm. The structure of the flat clamping mechanism 6 is optimized to provide more space for processing operations.

[0082] Example 4 The difference between this embodiment and embodiment one is that the loading and unloading device 10 in this embodiment is a robot automatic loading and unloading device. The robot automatic loading and unloading device is set on one side of the bed 1, and the robot's movement range can cover the processing position of the machine tool and the loading and unloading position of the workpiece 7.

[0083] When workpiece 7 needs to be transferred from the flat clamping mechanism 6 to the turntable 4, the robot arm removes workpiece 7 and tooling subplate 61 from the bed 1, and then transports workpiece 7 separately to the clamping position of the turntable 4 so that the turntable 4 clamps workpiece 7; when workpiece 7 needs to be transferred from the turntable 4 to the flat clamping mechanism 6, the robot arm removes workpiece 7 from the turntable 4, and then transports tooling subplate 61 to the bed 1. After tooling subplate 61 is fixed, the robot arm transports workpiece 7 to tooling subplate 61, and the first clamp 62 clamps workpiece 7 onto tooling subplate 61.

[0084] An automated robotic loading and unloading device is employed, utilizing the high flexibility and large workspace of a six-axis articulated robot to achieve flexible transfer of workpiece 7 and tooling subplate 61 between the internal machining position and the external buffer area of ​​the machine tool. Compared with the ground-based loading and unloading turntable in Embodiment 1, the robot does not rely on fixed guide rails and turntable rotation. Its motion trajectory can be dynamically planned according to the shape of workpiece 7 and the machine tool layout, making it highly adaptable and particularly suitable for parts with complex shapes, large weights, and variable clamping postures, such as landing gear.

[0085] Example 5 like Figure 4As shown, this embodiment differs from Embodiment 1 in that it employs a moving-column gantry structure. The gantry frame 2 can move along the X-axis. The turntable 4 and the composite processing module 5 are both fixed to the bed 1. The lifting module 63 is located inside the bed 1. The bed 1 is equipped with loading and unloading guide rails 120, which are horizontal and perpendicular to the axis of the turntable 4. The tooling subplate 61 or support platform 8 can move along the loading and unloading guide rails 120 to the lifting module 63. The loading and unloading guide rails 120 can move vertically. When the loading and unloading guide rails 120 descend, they can avoid interfering with the X-axis movement of the gantry frame 2.

[0086] The machine employs a moving-column gantry structure, with the X-axis feed achieved by the movement of the gantry 2 along the X-axis. The rotary table 4, composite machining module 5, and flat clamping mechanism 6 are all fixed to the bed 1. The workpiece 7 remains relatively stationary in the horizontal direction, and machining is performed solely by the movement of the machining spindle module 3 driven by the gantry 2. This structural design ensures that the mass of the workpiece 7 does not move with the X-axis, avoiding inertial impact and guide rail wear when the worktable 9 carries a heavy workpiece 7. This design is particularly suitable for machining large load-bearing forgings such as landing gear. Furthermore, the rotary table 4 and composite machining module 5, fixed to the bed 1, possess high rigidity and stable positional accuracy, unaffected by the vibration of the gantry 2's movement, which helps ensure consistent accuracy in hole machining and turning operations.

[0087] Example 6 like Figure 5 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that in this embodiment, the axis of rotation of the turntable 4 is parallel to the Y-axis, and the worktable 9 moves along the X-axis direction, cooperating with the machining spindle module 3 to realize five-axis machining.

[0088] The mounting base 54 of the composite machining module 5 moves along the X-axis, and the drilling assembly 51, boring assembly 52 and honing assembly 53 can achieve feed motion along the Y-axis.

[0089] The loading and unloading device 10 is located on one side of the bed 1. The worktable 9 moves along the X-axis, which can make the worktable 9 approach or move away from the loading and unloading device 10.

[0090] This embodiment provides another layout for gantry machining centers, which can be selected according to the actual site and processing requirements.

[0091] Example 7 like Figure 6As shown, this embodiment differs from Embodiment Six in that the gantry 2 in this embodiment can move along the X-axis. The turntable 4 and the composite processing module 5 are both fixed on the bed 1. The lifting module 63 is located inside the bed 1. The bed 1 is provided with loading and unloading guide rails 120, which are in a horizontal plane and perpendicular to the axis of the turntable 4. The tooling subplate 61 or support platform 8 can move along the loading and unloading guide rails 120 to the lifting module 63. The loading and unloading guide rails 120 and the gantry 2 move in the same direction, i.e., the X-axis, thus avoiding motion interference.

[0092] The machine employs a moving-column gantry structure, with the X-axis feed achieved by the movement of the gantry 2 along the X-axis. The rotary table 4, composite machining module 5, and flat clamping mechanism 6 are all fixed to the bed 1. The workpiece 7 remains relatively stationary in the horizontal direction, and machining is performed solely by the movement of the machining spindle module 3 driven by the gantry 2. This structural design ensures that the mass of the workpiece 7 does not move with the X-axis, avoiding inertial impact and guide rail wear when the worktable 9 carries a heavy workpiece 7. This design is particularly suitable for machining large load-bearing forgings such as landing gear. Furthermore, the rotary table 4 and composite machining module 5, fixed to the bed 1, possess high rigidity and stable positional accuracy, unaffected by the vibration of the gantry 2's movement, which helps ensure consistent accuracy in hole machining and turning operations.

[0093] Example 8 This embodiment provides a machining method using the aforementioned gantry machining center, for the combined machining of complex parts such as aircraft landing gear, including turning, milling, drilling, boring, and honing.

[0094] The workpiece 7 to be processed is horizontally clamped in the flat clamping mechanism 6. Specifically, the tooling subplate 61 with the workpiece 7 clamped is moved to the upper part of the lifting module 63 in the machine tool by the loading and unloading device 10. The lifting module 63 drives the tooling subplate 61 to rise to the processing height. The tooling subplate 61 is aligned with the support table 8 and locked in place. The first clamp 62 on the tooling subplate 61 presses the workpiece 7 on the horizontal surface, so that the workpiece 7 is kept in a fixed state.

[0095] When workpiece 7 needs to be fixed during milling, drilling, boring, or honing, it is continuously fixed by the clamping mechanism 6. The machining spindle module 3 holds the milling cutter and performs multi-position milling on workpiece 7 through linear motion in the Y and Z axes and A / C axis oscillation of the double swivel head 31, in conjunction with the relative movement between the gantry 2 and the clamping mechanism 6 along the X axis. Alternatively, the drilling assembly 51, boring assembly 52, or honing assembly 53 on the composite machining module 5 can be used to machine holes in workpiece 7: the mounting base 54 of the composite machining module 5 moves along a direction perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the turntable 4 to align with the hole to be machined on workpiece 7, and the drilling assembly 51, boring assembly 52, or honing assembly 53 feeds along the axis of rotation of the turntable 4 to complete the drilling, boring, or honing of the hole.

[0096] When workpiece 7 needs to undergo machining operations requiring rotation, such as turning, the turntable 4 clamps workpiece 7, and the flat clamping mechanism 6 separates from and moves away from workpiece 7. Specifically, the lifting module 63 drives the tooling subplate 61 to rise, moving workpiece 7 to the clamping position of the turntable 4; the second clamp 41 on the turntable 4 clamps workpiece 7, aligning the inner hole axis of workpiece 7 with the rotation axis of the turntable 4; the first clamp 62 releases, and the lifting module 63 drives the tooling subplate 61 to descend and move away from the rotary machining area, avoiding interference with the rotation of the turntable 4. The turntable 4 drives workpiece 7 to rotate, and the machining spindle module 3 clamps the cutting tool, performing turning operations on the outer diameter, inner hole, or end face of the rotating workpiece 7 through the linkage feed of the Y-axis and Z-axis.

[0097] During this process, the top point module assembly 12 and / or the center support assembly 11 can provide auxiliary support for the free end of the workpiece 7: the top point drive mechanism of the top point module assembly 12 drives the top point to move, and the top point is inserted into the center hole of the free end of the workpiece 7 and clamped in cooperation with the turntable 4; the center support drive mechanism of the center support assembly 11 drives the center support to move to an appropriate position below the workpiece 7, providing auxiliary support for the middle part of the workpiece 7 and improving the rigidity and stability of the workpiece 7 when it rotates.

[0098] When one side of workpiece 7 is finished and needs to be flipped for processing of the other side, the turntable 4 clamps workpiece 7, and the flat clamping mechanism 6 separates from and moves away from workpiece 7. Specifically, the turntable 4 drives workpiece 7 to flip. After the flip is completed, the flat clamping mechanism 6 approaches workpiece 7 and re-clamps it horizontally: the lifting module 63 drives the tooling subplate 61 to rise below workpiece 7, the first clamp 62 clamps workpiece 7, the second clamp 41 releases, and the lifting module 63 drives the tooling subplate 61 to transport workpiece 7 to the processing position of the flat clamping mechanism 6. Subsequently, the machining spindle module 3 or the composite machining module 5 processes the surface of workpiece 7 after it has been flipped.

[0099] This embodiment also includes a loading and unloading process: The tooling subplate 61 holding the workpiece 7 is transported to the lifting module 63 by the loading and unloading device 10. The lifting module 63 drives the tooling subplate 61 holding the workpiece 7 to rise to a predetermined height. Subsequently, the support table 8 is transported to the area below the tooling subplate 61 by the loading and unloading device 10. The worktable 9 or machine tool is locked and fixed to the support table 8 by the positioning locking device 110. The lifting module 63 drives the tooling subplate 61 to descend, and the support table 8 is locked and fixed to the tooling subplate 61 by the positioning locking device 110. The workpiece 7 is horizontally supported by the support table 8 and kept in a fixed state, allowing for fixed process processing.

[0100] When workpiece 7 needs to be rotated, lifting module 63 drives tooling subplate 61 to rise, causing the positioning locking device 110 between support table 8 and tooling subplate 61 to separate. Workpiece 7 continues to rise with tooling subplate 61 to the clamping position of turntable 4, where turntable 4 clamps workpiece 7. Subsequently, the positioning locking device 110 between support table 8 and bed 1 or worktable 9 separates, and loading / unloading device 10 transports support table 8 away from below tooling subplate 61. The first fixture 62 on tooling subplate 61 separates from workpiece 7, and lifting module 63 drives tooling subplate 61 to descend and move away from workpiece 7. Workpiece 7 is then clamped separately by turntable 4 and rotated for machining.

[0101] The above steps are sequentially connected according to the machining process specifications for workpiece 7, forming a complete composite machining cycle. Throughout the entire process, workpiece 7 is always completed within the same machine tool without needing to be transferred to external equipment, thus achieving composite machining of "one-time clamping, full-process completion".

[0102] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gantry composite machining center, characterized in that, include: Bed frame; A gantry frame, comprising columns and crossbeams mounted on the columns; A machining spindle module is mounted on the crossbeam and is capable of moving along the Y-axis and Z-axis directions. The machining spindle module is capable of holding milling cutters or turning tools. A turntable is mounted on the bed, and the axis of rotation of the turntable is parallel to the X-axis or the Y-axis. The composite machining module is disposed on the machine bed and opposite to the rotary table. The composite machining module includes at least one of a drilling assembly, a boring assembly, and a honing assembly. The axis of rotation of the rotary table is parallel to the feed direction of the composite machining module. And a flat clamping mechanism disposed on the bed and located between the rotary table and the composite machining module, the flat clamping mechanism being able to fix the workpiece on a horizontal plane; The flat clamping mechanism and the gantry frame can move relative to each other in the X-axis direction; The flat clamping mechanism includes a lifting module disposed on the bed and a tooling subplate that can be driven by the lifting module and clamps the workpiece; the tooling subplate is driven by the lifting module to raise the workpiece to the turntable clamping position; after the workpiece is clamped by the turntable, the tooling subplate is driven by the lifting module to descend and move away from the rotary machining area. The flat clamping mechanism and the turntable can alternately clamp the workpiece. The workpiece can be selectively clamped and fixed on the horizontal plane by the flat clamping mechanism, transported to the turntable for clamping by the flat clamping mechanism, or clamped by both the flat clamping mechanism and the turntable.

2. The gantry composite machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tooling subplate is provided with a first clamp, which can clamp the workpiece on the tooling subplate to keep the workpiece fixed. The turntable is provided with a second clamp, which can clamp the workpiece on the turntable.

3. The gantry composite machining center according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second fixture makes the axis of the inner hole of the workpiece coincide with the axis of the rotary table shaft.

4. A gantry composite machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a support platform for horizontally supporting the tooling subplate, the bottom of the support platform is provided with a positioning and locking device, and the top of the support platform is provided with a positioning and locking device between the bottom of the tooling subplate and the bottom of the tooling subplate.

5. A gantry composite machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that, A positioning and locking device is provided between the top of the lifting module and the bottom of the tooling sub-plate. The tooling sub-plate and the lifting module are locked and separated by the positioning and locking device.

6. A gantry composite machining center according to claim 4, characterized in that, The gantry can move along the X-axis. The lifting module is located inside the bed. The bed is equipped with loading and unloading guide rails. The loading and unloading guide rails are in a horizontal plane and perpendicular to the axis of the turntable. The tooling subplate or support platform can move along the loading and unloading guide rails to the lifting module.

7. A gantry composite machining center according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes a worktable mounted on the bed and capable of moving along the X-axis. The gantry frame is fixedly mounted relative to the bed. The lifting module is located inside the worktable. The worktable is equipped with loading and unloading guide rails. The loading and unloading guide rails are in a horizontal plane and perpendicular to the axis of the turntable. The tooling subplate or support platform can move along the loading and unloading guide rails to the lifting module.

8. A gantry composite machining center according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, The loading and unloading guide rails can move up and down in the vertical direction.

9. A gantry composite machining center according to claim 7, characterized in that, It also includes loading and unloading devices for loading and unloading materials.

10. A gantry composite machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a loading and unloading device for loading and unloading materials, which is a ground rail automatic loading and unloading device, a robot automatic loading and unloading device, or an overhead crane automatic loading and unloading device.

11. A gantry composite machining center according to claim 10, characterized in that, The loading and unloading device is a robot automatic loading and unloading device; the robot automatic loading and unloading device can transport the workpiece to the flat clamping mechanism, the flat clamping mechanism can directly or indirectly fix the workpiece, or transport the workpiece to the turntable so that the turntable can directly or indirectly clamp the workpiece.

12. A gantry composite machining center according to claim 11, characterized in that, The tooling subplate is provided with a first clamp for holding the workpiece; The robot's automatic loading and unloading device can transport the tooling sub-plate, the first fixture, and the workpiece to the processing area or transport the tooling sub-plate, the first fixture, and the workpiece away from the processing area.

13. A gantry composite machining center according to claim 9, characterized in that, The loading and unloading device includes a loading and unloading device base, a loading and unloading turntable, and a first loading and unloading station and a second loading and unloading station located on both sides of the loading and unloading turntable on the loading and unloading device base. The support platform can be switched between the first loading / unloading station and the loading / unloading guide rail by the loading / unloading turntable. When the support platform is located at the loading / unloading guide rail, the loading / unloading guide rail drives the support platform to rise and fall so as to fix and separate the support platform from the worktable through the positioning and locking device. The tooling subplate can be switched between the second loading / unloading station and the lifting module position by the loading / unloading turntable. When the tooling subplate is in the position of the lifting module, the lifting module drives the tooling subplate to rise and fall so as to fix and separate the support platform and the tooling subplate through the positioning and locking device.

14. A gantry composite machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a central support assembly and / or a top module assembly disposed within the bed on the side near the composite machining module; The central support assembly includes a central support and a central support drive mechanism. The central support drive mechanism can drive the central support to move, so that the central support is coaxial with the turntable. The top module component includes a top and a top drive mechanism, the top drive mechanism being able to drive the top to move, so that the top is coaxial with the turntable.

15. A gantry composite machining center according to claim 14, characterized in that: The composite machining module includes a mounting base, one or more of a drilling assembly, a boring assembly, and a honing assembly mounted on the mounting base, and a mounting base drive assembly for driving the movement of the mounting base. Alternatively, the composite processing module may be fixedly configured and include any one of the drilling assembly, boring assembly, or honing assembly.

16. A gantry composite machining center according to claim 15, characterized in that: The top module assembly is fixed on the mounting base.

17. A gantry composite machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that, The machining spindle module includes a spindle head, which can change the angle between its axis and at least one of the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis by swinging or rotating.

18. A gantry composite machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lifting module is a hydraulic cylinder driven lifting module, a motor screw driven lifting module, or a wedge block lifting module.

19. A machining method using a gantry machining center as described in claim 1, characterized in that, include: The workpiece is horizontally clamped in the flat clamping mechanism; When a workpiece needs to undergo a non-rotational machining process, the workpiece is fixed by the flat clamping mechanism, and the corresponding cutting tool or the corresponding machining component on the composite machining module is clamped by the machining spindle module to perform the corresponding machining process on the workpiece. Alternatively, when a workpiece requires a rotary machining process, after the turntable clamps the workpiece, the flat clamping mechanism separates from the workpiece and moves away from it. The turntable then drives the workpiece to rotate and performs the corresponding machining process by clamping the corresponding cutting tool or the corresponding machining component on the composite machining module through the machining spindle module.

20. A machining method for a gantry machining center according to claim 19, characterized in that, When the workpiece needs to be flipped, after the turntable clamps the workpiece, the flat clamping mechanism separates from the workpiece and moves away from the workpiece. The turntable drives the workpiece to flip, and the flat clamping mechanism approaches the workpiece and clamps it horizontally. The turntable then separates from the workpiece.

21. The machining method of a gantry composite machining center according to claim 19, characterized in that, It also includes a support platform for horizontally supporting the tooling subplate, the bottom of the support platform is provided with a positioning and locking device, and the top of the support platform is provided with a positioning and locking device between the bottom of the tooling subplate and the bottom of the tooling subplate. The workpiece is horizontally clamped in the flat clamping mechanism, specifically including: conveying the tooling subplate holding the workpiece to the lifting module through the loading and unloading device, and the lifting module driving the tooling subplate holding the workpiece to rise. The support platform is transported to the bottom of the tooling subplate by the loading and unloading device, and the support platform is locked and fixed to the bed; the lifting module drives the tooling subplate to descend, and the support platform is locked and fixed to the tooling subplate to keep the workpiece in a fixed state; When the workpiece needs to be rotated, the lifting module drives the tooling subplate to rise so as to separate the support platform from the tooling subplate and move the workpiece to the turntable clamping position for clamping. After the support table is separated from the bed, it is transported away from the underside of the tooling subplate by the loading and unloading device. The tooling subplate separates from the workpiece, and the lifting module drives the tooling subplate to descend away from the workpiece.

22. The machining method of a gantry machining center according to claim 19, characterized in that, The workpiece is horizontally clamped in the flat clamping mechanism, specifically including: conveying the tooling subplate holding the workpiece to the lifting module through the loading and unloading device, and the lifting module driving the tooling subplate to rise to the processing position and clamping the tooling subplate. When the workpiece needs to be rotated, the lifting module drives the tooling subplate to move the workpiece to the turntable clamping position for clamping. The tooling subplate separates from the workpiece, and the lifting module drives the tooling subplate to descend away from the workpiece.

23. A machining method for a gantry machining center according to claim 19 or 20, characterized in that, It also includes a central support assembly and / or a top support assembly disposed within the bed on the side near the composite machining module, which supports the free end of the workpiece.

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