A precision grinding equipment for bearing outer ring raceways

Abstract

This invention provides a precision grinding equipment for bearing outer ring raceways, belonging to the field of bearing grinding technology. The equipment includes a machine body, an electromagnetic centerless chuck mounted on the machine body, and a grinding unit. It also includes a support unit comprising multiple support rods for abutting against the outer surface of the bearing. By setting multiple support rods (e.g., four) and utilizing a distributed structure to evenly disperse them in a fan shape along the bearing axial direction, a multi-point, dispersed support layout is formed on the bearing outer surface. Compared to the traditional two-point support method, this effectively increases the contact area and reduces the contact stress per unit area, thereby avoiding the formation of fulcrum marks, scratches, or indentations on the bearing outer surface, significantly improving the surface quality of the bearing outer ring, and reducing the scrap rate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of bearing processing technology, specifically relating to a precision grinding equipment for bearing outer ring raceways. Background Technology

[0002] Bearings are components that fix and reduce the coefficient of friction of loads during mechanical transmission. In other words, when other machine parts move relative to each other on a shaft, they are used to reduce the coefficient of friction during power transmission and keep the center position of the shaft fixed. Bearings are a crucial component in modern mechanical equipment. Their main function is to support rotating mechanical bodies and reduce the coefficient of friction of mechanical loads during transmission.

[0003] Currently, the radial support device widely used in bearing raceway grinding typically consists of two support rods arranged circumferentially along the bearing race. Each support rod has a support block at its front end that contacts the outer circumference of the race. In use, the support blocks of both support rods simultaneously contact the outer surface of the race, forming two-point radial support. This, combined with an axial positioning device, constrains the spatial position of the workpiece. This two-point support structure is simple and easy to adjust, and has been widely used in the machining of small and medium-sized bearing races.

[0004] However, the limited number of support points on the two support rods leads to concentrated contact stress. The two support rods make point contact or small-area contact with the outer circumference of the bearing ring. Under the combined action of grinding force and the workpiece's own weight, the contact area experiences high contact stress. This contact stress is particularly pronounced when machining medium and heavy-duty bearing rings, easily forming noticeable fulcrum marks, scratches, or even indentations on the outer surface of the ring, potentially rendering the workpiece unusable. Furthermore, high contact stress accelerates the wear of the support blocks, shortening their service life. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a precision grinding equipment for bearing outer ring raceways, which aims to solve the problem that the limited number of support points in the radial support device for grinding bearing raceways in the prior art leads to stress concentration.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a precision grinding device for the outer raceway of a bearing, comprising: a machine body, an electromagnetic centerless clamp and a grinding unit mounted on the machine body, and a support unit, the support unit comprising: a plurality of support rods for abutting against the outer surface of the bearing; a dispersing structure for dispersing the plurality of support rods in a fan shape along the axial direction of the bearing, so that the fulcrums of the plurality of support rods on the outer raceway of the bearing are distributed in a dispersed manner; and a synchronous pushing mechanism for driving the plurality of support rods to synchronously move closer to or away from the bearing.

[0007] Its effects are as follows: the above structure can significantly increase the number of support points and distribute them in a dispersed manner, effectively reduce the contact stress per unit area, avoid the generation of support point marks, scratches or indentations on the outer surface of the bearing, and at the same time realize the rapid synchronous adjustment of the support rod, thereby improving the processing quality and efficiency.

[0008] A further technical solution of the present invention is that the dispersion structure includes a sliding ring and a plurality of sliding plates. The sliding ring is coaxially arranged with the bearing, the sliding plates correspond one-to-one with the support rods and the support rods are mounted on the sliding plates, at least one of the sliding plates is fixedly arranged on the sliding ring, and the remaining sliding plates are slidably arranged on the sliding ring.

[0009] Its effect is that the support rod can be unfolded in an orderly manner along the bearing axis, the structure is compact, it occupies little space, and it is easy to achieve a uniformly distributed layout of multiple support points.

[0010] A further technical solution of the present invention is that an annular groove is coaxially provided on the sliding ring, and a first slider that can slide within the groove is provided on the sliding plate.

[0011] Its effect is that by using a combination of a sliding groove and a slider, the sliding plate can move smoothly and be guided accurately during the unfolding and closing process, thereby improving the working reliability of the support unit.

[0012] A further technical solution of the present invention is that a limiting plate and a limiting block are provided on a plurality of the sliding plates, the limiting plate on two adjacent sliding plates slides in cooperation with the limiting block, and the limiting plate is provided with a protrusion for limiting the sliding distance.

[0013] Its effect is that the limiting structure can push the adjacent slides to unfold gradually in sequence, effectively preventing mutual interference or jamming when multiple support rods move at the same time, and ensuring that the fan-shaped unfolding action is smooth and controllable.

[0014] A further technical solution of the present invention is that an incomplete gear ring is provided on the slide farthest from the fixed slide, the incomplete gear ring meshes with a gear, and a drive device is provided on the machine body to drive the gear to rotate.

[0015] Its effect is that, through the meshing transmission of the incomplete gear ring and gear, the unfolding angle and position of the support rod can be precisely controlled, which facilitates automated control and reduces the difficulty of manual operation.

[0016] A further technical solution of the present invention is that the synchronous pushing mechanism includes a sliding cover slidably disposed on the machine body, the sliding cover being slidable toward the axis of the bearing, the sliding cover being provided with a sliding part coaxial with the bearing, the sliding part being provided with an annular groove, a second slider being slidably disposed in the annular groove, a connecting rod being hinged to the second slider, the end of the connecting rod away from the second slider being hinged to the support rod, and the support rod being slidably disposed on the slide plate.

[0017] Its effect is that the mechanism can drive all support rods to move synchronously closer to or further away from the bearing without individual adjustment, adapting to bearings with different outer diameters, greatly simplifying the operation process and improving the flexibility of the equipment.

[0018] A further technical solution of the present invention is that a screw is rotatably provided on the machine body, the screw is threadedly connected to the sliding cover, and a handwheel is provided at the end of the screw away from the sliding cover.

[0019] Its advantages are: the screw can be driven by a handwheel to achieve precise displacement adjustment of the sliding cover; the structure is simple and easy to operate, making it convenient for on-site workers to quickly switch between bearings of different specifications.

[0020] A further technical solution of the present invention is that the number of support rods is four.

[0021] A further technical solution of the present invention is that the body includes a base, and the support unit is mounted on the base.

[0022] The effect is that integrating the support unit onto the base helps ensure the relative positional accuracy between the support unit, the grinding unit, and the electromagnetic centerless fixture, thereby improving the overall machining stability.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. By setting multiple support rods (e.g., four) and using a distributed structure to evenly spread them out in a fan shape along the bearing axial direction, a multi-point, dispersed support layout is formed on the outer surface of the bearing. Compared with the traditional two-point support method, this effectively increases the contact area and reduces the contact stress per unit area, thereby avoiding the formation of fulcrum marks, scratches, or indentations on the outer surface of the bearing, significantly improving the surface quality of the bearing outer circle and reducing the scrap rate.

[0024] 2. By setting up a synchronous pushing mechanism, all support rods can be driven to move synchronously closer to or further away from the bearing. This eliminates the need to adjust the position of each support rod individually, allowing for quick adaptation to bearings of different outer diameters and simplifying the operation process. Simultaneously, the distributed structure allows multiple support rods to converge to create space when loading or unloading, and automatically fan out during processing to provide stable support. This enables rapid switching between support and loading / unloading states, significantly improving the equipment's production efficiency.

[0025] 3. This invention features a limiting plate and a limiting block on a partially geared sliding plate, with adjacent sliding plates slidingly engaged with the limiting block via protrusions on the limiting plate. When the driving device rotates the partially geared ring, only the sliding plate furthest from the fixed sliding plate is directly driven. This sliding plate, through the protrusions on the limiting plate, sequentially pushes adjacent sliding plates to gradually unfold, effectively avoiding potential interference or jamming when multiple support rods unfold simultaneously, ensuring a smooth and reliable fan-shaped unfolding process. Attached Figure Description

[0026] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the support unit in a specific embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the support unit in a specific embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the support unit in a specific embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the skateboard in a specific embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 for Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram at point A; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the sliding cover in a specific embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the sliding cover structure in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] In the diagram: 1. Machine body; 2. Loading and unloading unit; 3. Electromagnetic centerless clamp; 4. Grinding unit; 5. Support unit; 11. Base; 51. Support rod; 52. Dispersed structure; 53. Synchronous pushing mechanism; 54. Gear; 55. Drive device; 521. Sliding ring; 522. Slide plate; 531. Sliding cover; 532. Screw; 533. Second slider; 534. Connecting rod; 5211. Slide groove; 5221. First slider; 5222. Limiting plate; 5223. Limiting block; 5224. Incomplete gear ring; 5311. Sliding part; 5312. Annular groove. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] Please see Figures 1-8 The present invention provides the following technical solution: a precision grinding equipment for bearing outer ring raceway, comprising a machine body 1, a loading and unloading unit 2, an electromagnetic centerless clamp 3, a grinding unit 4, and a support unit 5.

[0030] The loading and unloading unit 2 is installed inside the machine body 1 and is used to load and unload the bearing onto the electromagnetic centerless clamp 3. The electromagnetic centerless clamp 3 is installed on the machine body 1 and is used to fix and position the bearing axially and drive the bearing to rotate. The grinding unit 4 is installed inside the machine body 1 and can be used to grind the bearing groove. The support unit 5 is installed on the machine body 1 and can be used to position the bearing in the radial direction.

[0031] Please see Figures 1-3 The loading and unloading unit 2, the electromagnetic centerless clamp 3, and the grinding unit 4 are all existing technologies, and their specific structures will not be described in detail.

[0032] Please see Figures 3-6 The support unit 5 includes multiple support rods 51. In this embodiment, four support rods 51 are provided. One end of each of the four support rods 51 abuts against the outer surface of the bearing, providing radial support force to the bearing. The support unit 5 also includes a dispersing structure 52 and a synchronous pushing mechanism 53. The dispersing structure 52 is used to spread the multiple support rods 51 out in a fan shape along the axial direction of the bearing, so that the fulcrum of the support rods 51 on the bearing is evenly distributed, providing support for the bearing in multiple directions. The synchronous pushing mechanism 53 can move the support rods 51 closer to or further away from the bearing, so that the support unit 5 can be used for bearings of different sizes. Furthermore, the synchronous pushing mechanism 53 can control the synchronous movement of multiple support rods 51, avoiding the trouble of adjusting each individual support rod 51.

[0033] Please see Figures 3-5 The machine body 1 is provided with a base 11, and the support unit 5 is installed on the base 11. The dispersion structure 52 includes a sliding ring 521 installed on the base 11. The sliding ring 521 is coaxially arranged with the axis of the bearing. Multiple sliding plates 522 are provided on the sliding ring 521. The bottommost and outermost sliding plate 522 is fixed to the sliding ring 521 by screws. The remaining sliding plates 522 can slide on the sliding ring 521. The sliding ring 521 is coaxially provided with an annular groove 5211. The sliding plate 522 is provided with a first slider 5221 that can slide in the groove 5211. The sliding plate 522 slides along the annular shape on the sliding ring 521 through the groove 5211 and the first slider 5221. The number of sliding plates 522 corresponds one-to-one with the support rod 51, so that the support rod 51 is installed on the sliding plate 522. The sliding plate 522 is fan-shaped. When multiple sliding plates 522 are put together, they can be spliced ​​into a complete fan shape, reducing the space occupation and improving the space utilization rate.

[0034] Each slide plate 522 is provided with a limiting plate 5222 and a limiting block 5223. The limiting plate 5222 is slidably installed in the limiting block 5223, and a protrusion is provided on the limiting plate 5222 to limit the distance that the limiting plate 5222 slides inside the limiting block 5223. The slide plate 522 that is fixedly set is only provided with the limiting block 5223, and the slide plate 522 that is farthest from the fixed slide plate 522 is only provided with the limiting plate 5222. The limiting plates 5222 and the limiting blocks 5223 on two adjacent slide plates 522 cooperate with each other. An incomplete gear ring 5224 is provided on the slide plate 522 that is farthest from the fixed slide plate 522. The incomplete gear ring 5224 is coaxially set with the bearing. A gear 54 meshes on one side of the incomplete gear ring 5224. A drive device 55 for driving the gear 54 to rotate is provided on the base 11.

[0035] In use, the drive device 55 drives the gear 54 to rotate, which in turn drives the incomplete gear ring 5224 to rotate. This causes the incomplete gear ring 5224 to drive one of the slide plates 522 to slide on the sliding ring 521. The slide plate 522 then moves the corresponding limiting plate 5222. The protrusion on the limiting plate 5222 abuts against the limiting block 5223, thereby moving the adjacent slide plates 522. This allows multiple slide plates 522 to be deployed sequentially. When the slide plates 522 are deployed, the support rods 51 can be deployed synchronously and abut against the bearing. The effect of this design is that by setting multiple support rods 51, the bearing surface can be... Multiple support points are formed on the surface to avoid stress concentration and thus prevent fulcrum marks, scratches or indentations from forming on the outer surface of the bearing. When loading and unloading the bearing, it is usually slid into the electromagnetic centerless clamp 3 from the side and then the bearing is attracted and fixed. Therefore, when loading and unloading the bearing, by bringing together multiple sliding plates 522, an opening for loading and unloading can be formed on one side of the electromagnetic centerless clamp 3. After the bearing is loaded, the multiple sliding plates 522 drive the support rod 51 to spread out evenly in a fan shape, which facilitates the loading and unloading of the bearing, avoids interference with the bearing, and can also support the bearing in multiple directions, improving the stability of the bearing when it rotates.

[0036] Please see Figures 6-8 The synchronous pushing mechanism 53 includes a sliding cover 531 that slides on the base 11. The sliding cover 531 can slide towards the axis of the bearing. To make the sliding cover 531 slide more stably, guide grooves and guide blocks can be provided to improve the stability of the sliding cover 531. A screw 532 is rotatably provided on the base 11. The screw 532 is threadedly connected to the sliding cover 531. A handwheel is provided at the end of the screw 532 away from the base 11, and a half-wheel is provided at the end of the sliding cover 531 near the bearing. An annular sliding part 5311 is coaxially arranged with the bearing. An annular groove 5312 coaxially arranged with the bearing is provided on the sliding part 5311. A second slider 533 is slidably arranged inside the annular groove 5312. A connecting rod 534 is hinged to the second slider 533. The end of the connecting rod 534 away from the second slider 533 is hinged to the support rod 51. The support rod 51 is slidably arranged on the slide plate 522. When the support rod 51 slides on the slide plate 522, it can move closer to or further away from the bearing.

[0037] In use, rotating the screw 532 causes the sliding cover 531 to slide along the base 11, which in turn drives the second slider 533 to move along the bearing axis. The second slider 533, through the connecting rod 534, drives the support rod 51 to slide along the slide plate 522, thereby achieving synchronous adjustment of the positions of multiple support rods 51, adapting to bearings of different sizes, and eliminating the tedious operation of adjusting the position of each support rod 51 one by one. At the same time, the second slider 533 can slide along the annular groove 5312, so that multiple support rods 51 can simultaneously complete the unfolding and closing actions, and achieve synchronous position control.

Claims

1. A precision grinding machine for the raceway of a bearing outer ring, comprising: The machine body (1), the electromagnetic centerless clamp (3) mounted on the machine body (1), and the grinding unit (4) are characterized in that they further include a support unit (5), the support unit (5) comprising: Multiple support rods (51) are used to abut against the outer surface of the bearing; The dispersion structure (52) is used to disperse the multiple support rods (51) in a fan shape along the axial direction of the bearing, so that the fulcrum of the multiple support rods (51) on the outer ring of the bearing is dispersed. A synchronous pushing mechanism (53) is used to drive multiple support rods (51) to move synchronously toward or away from the bearing.

2. The precision grinding equipment for bearing outer ring raceways according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dispersion structure (52) includes a sliding ring (521) and multiple sliding plates (522). The sliding ring (521) is coaxially arranged with the bearing. The sliding plates (522) correspond one-to-one with the support rods (51) and the support rods (51) are mounted on the sliding plates (522). At least one of the sliding plates (522) is fixedly arranged on the sliding ring (521), and the remaining sliding plates (522) are slidably arranged on the sliding ring (521).

3. The precision grinding equipment for bearing outer ring raceways according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sliding ring (521) is coaxially provided with an annular groove (5211), and the sliding plate (522) is provided with a first slider (5221) that can slide in the groove (5211).

4. The precision grinding equipment for bearing outer ring raceways according to claim 2, characterized in that: The multiple sliding plates (522) are provided with limiting plates (5222) and limiting blocks (5223). The limiting plates (5222) on two adjacent sliding plates (522) are slidably engaged with the limiting blocks (5223), and the limiting plates (5222) are provided with protrusions for limiting the sliding distance.

5. The precision grinding equipment for bearing outer ring raceways according to claim 2, characterized in that: An incomplete gear ring (5224) is provided on the skateboard (522) furthest from the fixed skateboard (522). The incomplete gear ring (5224) is meshed with a gear (54). A drive device (55) is provided on the body (1) to drive the gear (54) to rotate.

6. The precision grinding equipment for bearing outer ring raceways according to claim 1, characterized in that: The synchronous pushing mechanism (53) includes a sliding cover (531) slidably disposed on the body (1). The sliding cover (531) can slide in the direction of the bearing axis. The sliding cover (531) is provided with a sliding part (5311) coaxial with the bearing. An annular groove (5312) is provided on the sliding part (5311). A second slider (533) is slidably disposed in the annular groove (5312). A connecting rod (534) is hinged to the second slider (533). One end of the connecting rod (534) away from the second slider (533) is hinged to the support rod (51). The support rod (51) is slidably disposed on the slide plate (522).

7. The precision grinding equipment for bearing outer ring raceways according to claim 6, characterized in that: A screw (532) is rotatably mounted on the body (1). The screw (532) is threadedly connected to the sliding cover (531). A handwheel is provided at the end of the screw (532) away from the sliding cover (531).

8. The precision grinding equipment for bearing outer ring raceways according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of support rods (51) is four.

9. The precision grinding equipment for bearing outer ring raceways according to claim 1, characterized in that: The body (1) includes a base (11), and the support unit (5) is mounted on the base (11).

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