Bogie and railway vehicle

Abstract

This application provides a bogie and a rail vehicle. The bogie includes: a side beam; the side beam includes: an upper side beam plate, a side beam flange, and a side beam upright plate; the side beam upright plate is vertically connected to the upper end surface of the upper side beam plate, and a predetermined distance is left between the side beam upright plate and the two side edges of the upper side beam plate; the side beam flange is vertically connected to the top of the side beam upright plate, one end of the side beam flange is connected to the end of the upper side beam plate, and the other end is connected to the middle of the upper side beam plate; an outer mounting seat is provided on the outer side of the side beam upright plate; an inner mounting seat is provided on the inner side of the side beam upright plate; and a brake hanger is located on the inner side of the side beam. The brake hanger, inner mounting seat, side beam upright plate, and outer mounting seat are sequentially connected by fasteners. The bogie and rail vehicle provided by this application not only achieve a lightweight bogie design, but also install the brake hanger to the side beam by fastener connection, solving the defects of traditional welding and improving space utilization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to rail vehicle technology, and more particularly to a bogie and a rail vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] The bogie is a crucial component of rail vehicles, positioned beneath the car to support its weight and enable running and steering. The bogie frame houses the braking system, applying braking force to the wheels. Traditional bogie frames are typically box-beam structures, with brake hangers welded to the inner uprights of the frame, occupying considerable space and lacking adjustable position once welded in place.

[0003] On the other hand, the brake hanger is welded to the surface of the inner vertical plate, resulting in significant welding stress and deformation. This affects the installation accuracy of the brake hanger and makes it prone to fatigue cracks after long-term operation, thus reducing the reliability of the bogie. Furthermore, to compensate for the impact of welding stress on structural strength, the plate thickness at the junction of the hanger and the frame needs to be appropriately increased, adding extra weight to the bogie and hindering lightweight design.

[0004] On the other hand, in recent years, the railway sector has vigorously promoted energy conservation and emission reduction, making lightweight bogie design an important research and development direction in the industry. Some manufacturers have made a series of improvements to lightweight bogies, with most focusing on frame materials (such as carbon fiber, titanium alloy, and magnesium alloy) and reducing the number of components. Some have also improved the frame structure, such as using bogies with built-in axle boxes. A few manufacturers have designed the bogie side beams as I-beams, but technical personnel have found in industry practice that, due to the side beams having at least three curved sections, the bending process of the I-beam side beams is extremely difficult to achieve. This makes it difficult to improve manufacturing efficiency and achieve a high yield rate, thus hindering production. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address one of the aforementioned technical deficiencies, this application provides a bogie and a rail vehicle.

[0006] According to a first aspect of the embodiments of this application, a bogie is provided, comprising: Side beam; The side beam includes: upper side beam plate, side beam flange plate and side beam upright plate; The side beam upright plate is vertically connected to the upper surface of the end of the upper side beam plate, and a preset distance is left between the side beam upright plate and the two sides of the upper side beam plate; The side beam flange plate is vertically connected to the top of the side beam upright plate, and one end of the side beam flange plate is connected to the end of the upper side beam plate, and the other end is connected to the middle of the upper side beam plate; External mounting bracket, located on the outer side of the side beam upright plate; An internal mounting base is located on the inner side of the side beam upright plate; The brake hanger is located inside the side beam; the brake hanger, inner mounting base, side beam upright plate and outer mounting base are connected in sequence by fasteners.

[0007] According to a second aspect of the embodiments of this application, a rail vehicle is provided, including: a bogie as described above.

[0008] The technical solution provided in this application embodiment includes a side beam comprising: an upper side beam plate, a side beam flange, and a side beam upright plate; the side beam upright plate is vertically connected to the upper end surface of the upper side beam plate, and a preset distance is left between the side beam upright plate and the two side edges of the upper side beam plate; the side beam flange is vertically connected to the top of the side beam upright plate, one end of the side beam flange is connected to the end of the upper side beam plate, and the other end is connected to the middle of the upper side beam plate; the outer mounting seat in the braking device is located on the outer side of the side beam upright plate; the inner mounting seat is located on the inner side of the side beam upright plate; and the brake hanger is located on the inner side of the side beam; the brake hanger, inner mounting seat, side beam upright plate, and outer mounting seat are sequentially connected by fasteners, which not only realizes the lightweight design of the bogie, but also solves the defects of traditional welding by using fastener connection to install the brake hanger to the side beam, thus improving space utilization. Attached Figure Description

[0009] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of this application and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments and are used to explain this application, but do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the bogie side beam provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a front view of the bogie side beam provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 A partial view of the braking device installed on the bogie according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 Another partial view of the braking device provided in the embodiments of this application, mounted on the bogie; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the brake hanger installed on the side beam according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 6 An exploded view of the brake hanger and side beam installation provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the brake hanger provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 8 A top view of the bogie side beam provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 9 This is a structural schematic diagram of the upper side beam plate in the side beam provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 10This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the upper and lower side beams in a side beam according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the upper side beam plate and the side beam flange plate in an embodiment of this application. Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bogie side beam with the side beam web installed during the assembly process, provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bogie side beam with the side beam stiffening plate installed during the assembly process, provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bogie side beam with the upper side beam plate installed during the assembly process, provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bogie side beam with side beam flange installed during the assembly process, provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 16 An exploded view of the bogie side beam provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the steering frame provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the bogie structure provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 19 This is another schematic diagram of the bogie frame provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 20 A schematic diagram of a bogie with a side beam web and a cross beam web provided on the bottom plate of the frame, as provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bogie with stiffeners provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 22 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bogie with an upper side beam plate provided in the embodiment of this application; Figure 23 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a bogie with a side beam flange provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 24 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bogie with an upper crossbeam plate provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 25 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a bogie with a stop provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0010] Figure label: 1-Side beam; 11-Upper side beam plate; 111-Middle plate section; 112-Extension section; 113-First bending section; 114-Second bending section; 12-Lower side beam plate; 13-Side beam web; 14-Side beam flange; 141-Width-changing section; 142-Equal width section; 1421-Transition section; 1422-Connecting section; 15-Side beam vertical plate; 16-Side beam middle stiffener plate; 17-First-stage cap plate; 18-First-stage cover plate; 2-Crossbeam; 21-Frame base plate; 211-First center hole; 22-Upper crossbeam plate; 221-Second center hole; 23-Crossbeam web; 24-Crossbeam vertical plate; 25-Crossbeam stiffening plate; 26-Auxiliary connectors; 3-Rotating arm positioning seat; 41-Brake hanger; 411-Side beam connecting seat; 412-Hanger body; 413-Lifting part; 42-External mounting seat; 43-Internal mounting seat; 431-Positioning groove; 44-Brake caliper; 45-Equipment installation part; 46-Tread cleaner; 5- Primary suspension system; 6-Secondary suspension system; 7-Traction device; 93 - Wheel. Detailed Implementation

[0011] To make the technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the exemplary embodiments of this application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not an exhaustive list of all embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other.

[0012] This embodiment provides a bogie applicable to rail vehicles. These rail vehicles can be high-speed trains, subway vehicles, light rail vehicles, or other vehicles capable of running on tracks. In the bogie provided in this embodiment, the side beams adopt an "I"-shaped structure, which reduces the weight of the bogie and facilitates lightweight design. Furthermore, the installation structure of the brake hanger has been improved, resolving the welding defects caused by welding the brake hanger to the frame uprights in traditional solutions.

[0013] In this embodiment, the direction of travel of the rail vehicle is referred to as longitudinal, the direction of track width is referred to as transverse, and the direction of car height is referred to as vertical.

[0014] like Figures 1 to 7As shown, the bogie provided in this embodiment includes a side beam 1 and a braking device. The side beam 1 includes an upper side beam plate 11, a side beam flange 14, and a side beam upright plate 15. The side beam upright plate 15 is vertically connected to the upper end surface of the upper side beam plate 11, and a predetermined distance is maintained between the side beam upright plate 15 and the two side edges of the upper side beam plate 11. The side beam flange 14 is vertically connected to the top of the side beam upright plate 15, with one end connected to the end of the upper side beam plate 11 and the other end connected to the middle of the upper side beam plate 11. The upper side beam plate 11, the side beam flange 14, and the side beam upright plate 15 are connected to form a side beam with an "I"-shaped cross-section.

[0015] In addition, a lower beam plate 12 is provided below the middle of the upper beam plate 11. The lower beam plate 12 and the upper beam plate 11 are vertically connected to the side beam web plate 13. The side beam web plate 13 and the two sides of the upper beam plate 11 are also left with a preset distance. The cross section of the upper beam plate 11, the lower beam plate 12 and the side beam web plate 13 is also "I" shaped.

[0016] The braking device includes a brake hanger 41, an outer mounting base 42, an inner mounting base 43, and a brake caliper. The outer mounting base 42 is located on the outer side of the side beam upright plate 15. Since the side beam upright plate 15, the side beam flange 14, and the upper side beam plate 11 form a recessed structure, the outer mounting base 42 is essentially embedded into the recessed structure on the outer side of the side beam. The outer mounting base 42 can be a plate-like structure with connecting holes.

[0017] The inner mounting base 43 is located on the inner side of the side beam upright plate 15, which is equivalent to being embedded in the recessed structure inside the side beam. The inner mounting base 43 can also be a plate-shaped structure with connecting holes.

[0018] The brake hanger 41 is located on the inner side of the side beam, and the brake hanger 41 also has connecting holes. By passing fasteners through the connecting holes of each component, the brake hanger 41, the inner mounting base 43, the side beam upright plate 15, and the outer mounting base 42 are connected in sequence to realize the installation of the brake hanger 41 and the side beam.

[0019] The brake caliper is installed on the brake hanger 41. The brake caliper can be a structure corresponding to tread brakes or a structure corresponding to disc brakes.

[0020] The aforementioned brake hanger is installed on the side beam using fasteners instead of welding, thus eliminating the problems of welding deformation and fatigue cracks caused by welding, thereby improving the reliability of the bogie.

[0021] In addition, the aforementioned brake hanger can utilize the recessed space inside the side beam to reduce the distance between the brake hanger and the side beam, thereby reducing the space occupied by the braking device, making the structure more compact and reducing the difficulty of the position layout of each component.

[0022] The technical solution provided in this embodiment includes a side beam comprising: an upper side beam plate, a side beam flange, and a side beam upright plate; the side beam upright plate is vertically connected to the upper end surface of the upper side beam plate, with a preset distance between the side beam upright plate and both sides of the upper side beam plate; the side beam flange is vertically connected to the top of the side beam upright plate, with one end of the side beam flange connected to the end of the upper side beam plate and the other end connected to the middle of the upper side beam plate; the outer mounting seat in the braking device is located on the outer side of the side beam upright plate; the inner mounting seat is located on the inner side of the side beam upright plate; and the brake hanger is located on the inner side of the side beam; the brake hanger, inner mounting seat, side beam upright plate, and outer mounting seat are sequentially connected by fasteners, which not only achieves a lightweight bogie design, but also solves the defects of traditional welding by using fasteners to install the brake hanger to the side beam, thus improving space utilization.

[0023] Based on the above technical solution, this embodiment provides a detailed description of the implementation method of the braking device.

[0024] The inner mounting base 43 has an inwardly recessed surface facing away from the side beam upright plate 15, forming a positioning groove 431. Correspondingly, a positioning protrusion is provided on the surface of the brake hanger 41 facing the inner mounting base 43. The positioning protrusion is embedded in the positioning groove 431 and can move within the positioning groove. During the installation of the brake hanger 41, the position of the brake caliper can be adjusted by moving the positioning protrusion within the positioning groove 431, moving the brake caliper to the target position. Especially for tread brakes, after a period of operation, the brake shoes wear and become thinner. The brake caliper can be moved closer to the wheel tread by moving the brake hanger 41 to meet braking requirements.

[0025] Alternatively, the position of the brake hanger 41 can be adjusted by moving the positioning protrusion within the positioning groove 431, thereby eliminating dimensional errors of various components, improving the fault tolerance rate, and ensuring production cycle time.

[0026] One embodiment is as follows: the positioning groove 431 extends in a direction parallel to the side beam flange 14, and both ends of the positioning groove 431 penetrate through both sides of the inner mounting base 43. The positioning groove 431 moves and adjusts its position along the extending direction of the side beam flange 14.

[0027] There is one inner mounting base 43, with four connecting holes. The position and size of the connecting holes correspond to the connecting holes on the side beam upright plate 15. Alternatively, there are two inner mounting bases 43, spaced apart along the extension direction of the side beam flange 14. Each inner mounting base 43 has two connecting holes, and the position and size of the connecting holes on the two inner mounting bases 43 correspond to the connecting holes on the side beam upright plate 15.

[0028] The advantage of having two inner mounting seats 43 is that the component size is smaller, making it easier to assemble in confined spaces. Furthermore, the distance between the two inner mounting seats 43 is adjustable, which can be adjusted according to the connection hole position of the side beam upright plate 15, thus solving the problem of component opening size errors and improving the tolerance for errors.

[0029] The inner mounting base 43 can be pre-welded to the side beam upright plate 15. For example, the back of the inner mounting base 43 is welded to the side beam upright plate 15, the top is welded to the side beam wing plate 14, and the bottom is welded to the upper side beam plate 11 for fixation.

[0030] Alternatively, the inner mounting base 43 may be fixed to the side beam upright plate 15 by fasteners during the installation of the brake hanger 41.

[0031] One embodiment is as follows: the inner mounting plate 43 has two connecting holes, distributed on both sides of the positioning groove 431. The outer mounting plate 42 has corresponding connecting holes to be connected to the inner mounting plate 43 by fasteners.

[0032] The brake hanger 41 includes a side beam connecting seat 411, a hanger body 412, and a lifting part 413. One surface of the side beam connecting seat 411 is used to fit against and connect to the surface of the inner mounting seat 43. The hanger body 412 is disposed on the other surface of the side beam connecting seat 411 and extends in a direction perpendicular to the side beam upright plate 15. Two lifting parts 413 are spaced apart from the hanger body 412 and are used to connect brake calipers 44.

[0033] The lifting section 413 extends toward the wheel, and the brake caliper 44 is bolted to the bottom of the lifting section 413.

[0034] Furthermore, the braking device also includes an equipment connection part 45, which is located in the middle of the main body part 412 of the hanger. The equipment connection part 45 is a plate-shaped structure with connection holes for mounting the tread cleaner 46.

[0035] Based on the above technical solution, the lower beam plate 12 is located below the middle of the upper beam plate 11, and the side beam web plate 13 is vertically connected between the middle of the upper beam plate 11 and the lower beam plate 12. The side beam web plate 13 and the two sides of the upper beam plate 11 are left with a preset distance so that the lower beam plate 12, the upper beam plate 11 and the side beam web plate 13 form a structure with an "I" shaped cross section.

[0036] Based on the above scheme, the middle part of the side beam is formed by the lower side beam plate 12, the upper side beam plate 11, and the side beam web plate 13 to form an "I"-shaped structure, and the end of the side beam is formed by the upper side beam plate 11, the side beam flange plate 14, and the side beam upright plate 15 to form an "I"-shaped structure.

[0037] The angle between the middle of the side beam flange 14 and the upper side beam plate 11 is an obtuse angle. The side beam flange 14 extends obliquely upward along the direction from the middle of the side beam to the end.

[0038] Traditional brake hangers are fixed to the inner vertical plate of the box girder by welding, which has the following drawbacks: 1. Welding stress and deformation: The high temperature heat input during the welding process will generate residual welding stress at the joint between the frame and the hanger, which can easily cause local micro-deformation, affect the installation accuracy of the brake hanger, and fatigue cracks are likely to develop at the stress concentration points under long-term operation, reducing the reliability of the bogie structure.

[0039] 2. Welding quality is difficult to control and testing costs are high: Welding is prone to hidden defects such as incomplete penetration, porosity, and slag inclusions, which need to be checked by professional testing methods such as ultrasonic and magnetic particle testing. The testing process is complicated and costly, and it is difficult to achieve 100% defect-free control in mass production.

[0040] 3. High difficulty in maintenance and replacement: After the hanger is worn or the weld fails, the weld needs to be cut and ground. The repair process is prone to damaging the frame material and the replacement cycle is long, which affects the vehicle's operating efficiency. If the frame material is damaged, the overall repair cost will increase significantly.

[0041] 4. Poor production process flexibility: Welded structures require specialized welding fixtures, and welding, cooling, and inspection are continuous processes. If the installation dimensions of the hanger need to be adjusted or the hanger model needs to be changed, the welding fixtures need to be redesigned, resulting in high modification costs, long cycles, and poor adaptability.

[0042] 5. Limitations on lightweighting: To compensate for the impact of welding stress on structural strength, it is necessary to appropriately increase the thickness of the plates at the joints of the hanger and frame, thereby increasing the weight of the bogie, which does not conform to the trend of lightweight development in rail transit.

[0043] This embodiment provides a novel bogie with an I-shaped cross-section for the side beam. A brake hanger is assembled on the side beam upright plate by riveting. The brake hanger is located on the inner side of the side beam and passes through the side beam upright plate to connect with the inner and outer mounting seats. This reduces the space occupied and achieves a lightweight design for the side beam, and has the following advantages.

[0044] 1. No residual stress and high structural stability: The riveting connection is a cold-working assembly process that does not require high-temperature heat input. It will not generate welding residual stress at the joint between the frame and the hanger, avoid fatigue cracks caused by stress concentration, improve the structural reliability of the brake hanger during long-term operation, and extend its service life.

[0045] 2. Assembly quality is controllable and testing is simple: The fit and tightness of rivet connections can be easily completed by visual inspection, calipers, torque testing and other simple means, without the need for professional non-destructive testing equipment, reducing production and testing costs. In mass production, it is easy to achieve standardized and efficient management and control, resulting in a low defect rate.

[0046] 3. Convenient maintenance and replacement without damaging the base material: When the hanger is worn or the rivets fail, only the old rivets need to be removed to replace the hanger. There is no need to cut or grind the frame, which will not damage the base material, greatly reducing vehicle maintenance costs and improving operational efficiency.

[0047] 4. Flexible production process and strong adaptability: No special welding fixtures are required. Standardized rivet holes are pre-set on the frame and hanger. By replacing different models of hangers (matching the same rivet hole positions), different braking system requirements can be met. The modification cost is low and the cycle is short. In mass production, assembly line assembly can be realized to improve production efficiency.

[0048] 5. High structural consistency: Standardized rivet holes and rivet assembly can effectively ensure the installation accuracy of brake hangers in the same batch, avoid structural dimension deviations caused by manual operation and fluctuations in welding parameters during the welding process, improve the overall assembly consistency of the bogie, and ensure the operational stability of the braking system.

[0049] The riveting method described above can also be replaced by bolting, where the brake hanger is connected by bolts.

[0050] Based on the above technical solutions, this embodiment also provides an example of the implementation method of the side beam: such as Figures 8 to 17 As shown, the side beam includes: upper side beam plate 11, lower side beam plate 12, side beam web plate 13, side beam flange plate 14, and side beam upright plate 15, all of which are welded together.

[0051] The upper side beam 11 has a flat plate in the middle, with its ends bent upwards. The upper side beam 11 has an axisymmetric structure, with the axis of symmetry located in the middle of the aforementioned side beam 11 and parallel to the width direction of the upper side beam 11. The upper side beam 11 extends longitudinally, and its width direction is transverse.

[0052] The lower beam plate 12 is located below the middle of the upper beam plate 11, parallel to the middle of the upper beam plate 11 and spaced apart from it. The side beam web plate 13 is vertically connected between the middle of the upper beam plate 11 and the lower beam plate 12. The side beam web plate 13 and the two sides of the upper beam plate 11 are left with a predetermined distance, which means that the cross-section of the upper beam plate 11, the lower beam plate 12, and the side beam web plate 13 is "I" shaped. The side beam web plate 13 is the main component that bears the vertical force.

[0053] The side beam flange 14 is located above the end of the upper side beam plate 11, and the side beam flange 14 and the upper side beam plate 11 are also arranged opposite each other with a certain distance between them. One end of the side beam flange 14 is connected to the end of the upper side beam plate 11, and the other end extends and connects to the middle of the upper side beam plate 11. Taking the upper surface of the middle part of the upper side beam plate 11 as the reference plane, the distance between the side beam flange 14 and the reference plane gradually increases along the direction from the middle of the upper side beam plate 11 to the end, which is equivalent to the side beam flange 14 being inclined, with its outer end being higher.

[0054] The side beam upright plate 15 is vertically connected between the end of the upper side beam plate 11 and the side beam flange 14, with a predetermined distance between the two sides of the side beam upright plate 15 and the side beam flange 14. This means that the cross-section of the side beam flange 14, the upper side beam plate 11, and the side beam upright plate 15 is "I" shaped, and the side beam upright plate 15 is the main component that bears the vertical force.

[0055] Regarding the aforementioned side beam structure, the middle section of the side beam connects to the crossbeam of the bogie, forming the bogie frame. Additionally, both ends of the upper side beam 11 are connected to the primary suspension system, and the bottom end of the primary suspension system is connected to the axle box. The middle section of the upper side beam is connected to the secondary suspension system, and the top of the secondary suspension system is connected to the bottom of the car body. The vertical force transmission path of the vehicle is: car body, secondary suspension system, side beam, primary suspension system, wheelset.

[0056] The side beam with an "I"-shaped cross-section, while meeting the vertical load-bearing capacity requirements, reduces the number of components in the side beam, thereby reducing its weight and achieving lightweight design. Furthermore, the side beam provided in this embodiment consists of two "I"-shaped structures, significantly reducing manufacturing difficulty, facilitating industrialization, improving production efficiency, and increasing yield.

[0057] Furthermore, the use of an "I"-shaped cross-section for the side beams can reduce the torsional stiffness of the bogie, thereby improving the bogie's track adaptability and comfort.

[0058] The upper beam 11 is divided into a middle plate segment 111 and extension segments 112, a first bending segment 113, and a second bending segment 114, which are sequentially arranged at both ends of the middle plate segment 111. The upper beam 11 is an axisymmetric structure, and the structures at both ends are identical.

[0059] The middle plate segment 111 is a horizontal plate. The length of the middle plate segment 111 matches that of the lower beam plate 12, and the lower beam plate 12 is vertically aligned with the middle plate segment 111. The extension segment 112 is at the same height as the middle plate segment 111, which means that the extension segment 112 continues to extend horizontally outward from the outer end of the middle plate segment 111.

[0060] Using the upper surface of the middle section of the upper side beam plate 11 as the reference plane, the distance between the first bending segment 113 and the reference plane gradually increases along the direction from the middle to the end of the upper side beam plate 11, which is equivalent to the first bending segment 113 tilting upward. The first bending segment 113 and the extension segment 112 are smoothly transitioned by a curve. The angle between the first bending segment 113 and the reference plane is 135°-165°.

[0061] The second bending segment 114 bends upward at a larger angle, with its angle to the vertical less than 5°, approximating the vertical. The second bending segment 114 and the first bending segment 113 transition smoothly through a curve.

[0062] The inner end of the side beam flange 14 extends to connect with the middle plate section 111 of the upper side beam plate 11, and its outer end connects to the second bent section 114. The side beam flange 14 includes a widening section 141 and a constant-width section 142, the width of which remains constant. The width of the widening section 141 varies, specifically decreasing from the middle of the side beam towards the end. The widest end of the widening section 141 connects to the middle plate section 111.

[0063] The constant-width section 142 includes a transition section 1421 and a connecting section 1422. The transition section 1421 is located between the variable-width section 141 and the connecting section 1422. The transition section 1421 and the variable-width section 141 are coplanar, and their inclination patterns are consistent. The connecting section 1422 extends approximately horizontally, and the connecting section 1422 and the transition section 1421 are smoothly transitioned by a curve, with an obtuse angle between them, for example, 120°-170°.

[0064] Based on the above technical solution, a side beam stiffening plate 16 is also adopted, which is vertically connected to both sides of the side beam web 13. The top of the side beam stiffening plate 16 is connected to the middle of the upper side beam plate 11, and the bottom of the side beam stiffening plate 16 is connected to the lower side beam plate 12. There are multiple side beam stiffening plates 16, which are arranged at intervals along the longitudinal direction. The height dimension of the side beam stiffening plate 16 is the same as that of the side beam web 13, and the width dimension can be set according to the shape of the upper side beam plate 11 and the lower side beam plate 12. For example, a wider side beam stiffening plate 16 can be set at a wider position of the upper side beam plate 11 to improve the support capacity of the upper side beam plate 11, improve the connection strength and the reliability of vertical force bearing.

[0065] Based on the above technical solution, a first-stage cap tube upright plate 17 is provided at the end of the upper beam plate 11. One end of the first-stage cap tube upright plate 17 is connected to the outer surface of the end of the upper beam plate 11, and the other end branches into two cylindrical upright plates. The two cylindrical upright plates form a cylindrical shape, and the interior is used to accommodate the first-stage suspension device.

[0066] Correspondingly, the end of the side beam flange 14 is also provided with a primary suspension cover 18. The shape of the primary suspension cover 18 matches the shape of the primary suspension cap plate 17 and is connected to the top of the primary suspension cap plate 17. The top of the primary suspension device is mounted on the primary suspension cover 18. The primary suspension cover 18 is also provided with positioning holes for positioning the primary suspension device. The side beam flange 14 and the primary suspension cover 18 can be an integral structure, formed from a single steel plate, thereby reducing welding steps, reducing welding deformation, improving finished product quality, and reducing production costs.

[0067] Furthermore, a swing arm positioning seat 3 is provided at the end of the side beam web 13. The top of the swing arm positioning seat 3 is connected to the end of the upper side beam 11, specifically to the extension section 112 and the first bent section 113. The swing arm positioning seat 3 is used to connect the node end of the axle box. The other end of the axle box is connected to the bearing in the wheelset assembly. The swing arm type axle box can limit the lateral relative movement between the frame and the wheelset, avoiding large lateral relative displacement between the two.

[0068] The assembly process of the aforementioned side beams is as follows: First step, as... Figure 12 As shown, the swing arm positioning seat 3 is welded to both ends of the side beam web 13, and then the side beam web 13 is welded to the upper surface of the lower side beam plate 12. The second step is as follows... Figure 13 As shown, side beam stiffening plates 16 are welded to both sides of the side beam web 13, and the bottom end of the side beam stiffening plates 16 is also welded to the lower side beam plate 12. The third step is as follows... Figure 14 As shown, the upper side beam plate 11 is welded to the top of the side beam web plate 13. Fourth step, as... Figure 15 As shown, the two side beam uprights 15 are welded to the corresponding positions of the upper side beam plate 11, and then the two side beam flanges 14 are welded to the top of the side beam uprights 15 and correspondingly welded to the upper side beam plate 11. In addition, the primary cap plate 1 and the primary cover plate 18 are also welded to them.

[0069] like Figure 17 The structure shown and Figure 18 The bogie shown has a crossbeam 2 connected between two side beams 1 to form the bogie frame. A hole in the middle of the crossbeam 2 is used to house the traction device 7. Specifically, the top of the traction center pin is connected to the car body. The transmission path of traction and braking forces between the vehicle and the bogie is: car body, traction center pin, frame, wheelset.

[0070] The wheelset is located on both sides of the frame. The wheelset includes an axle and wheels 93 symmetrically arranged on the axle and an axle box. A primary suspension device 5 is provided between the axle box and the frame to buffer the force between the frame and the wheelset. A secondary suspension device 6 is provided between the frame and the vehicle body to buffer the force between the vehicle body and the frame.

[0071] like Figure 19As shown, the frame includes: frame base plate 21, upper crossbeam plate 22, crossbeam web plate 23, upper side beam plate 11, and side beam web plate 13.

[0072] The frame base plate 21 is a plate-like structure, roughly rectangular, with its long side extending laterally and its short side extending longitudinally. Side beam installation areas are located at both ends of the frame base plate 21, and a crossbeam installation area is located in the middle.

[0073] The side beam web 13 extends longitudinally and is vertically connected to the side beam mounting area of ​​the frame base plate 21. A predetermined distance is maintained between the side beam web 13 and the short edge of the frame base plate 21. The upper side beam plate 11 is connected to the top of the corresponding side beam web 13, and predetermined distances are maintained between the side beam web 13 and the upper side beam plate 11 on both sides. The projection area of ​​the upper side beam plate 11 on the frame base plate 21, together with the side beam web 13 and the upper side beam plate 11, forms an "I"-shaped structure in cross-section.

[0074] In combination with the above scheme, the lower side beam plate 12 is part of the frame bottom plate 21, that is, the side beam bottom plate 21 is connected to the side beam web plate 13 as the lower side beam plate 12.

[0075] The crossbeam web 23 extends laterally, connecting between the two side beam webs 13, and is perpendicularly connected to the frame bottom plate 21. A predetermined distance is also maintained between the crossbeam web 23 and the long edge of the frame bottom 21. There are two crossbeam webs 23, spaced apart. The upper crossbeam plate 22 connects the tops of the two crossbeam webs 23, and is connected to the upper side beam plate 11. The upper crossbeam plate 22, the crossbeam web 23, and the frame bottom plate 21 also form an I-shaped cross-section.

[0076] In the above structure, the frame base plate 21 serves as the bottom structure of the frame, and the upper side beam plate 11 and the upper cross beam plate 22 are connected to form the top structure of the frame. The side beam web plate 13 and the cross beam web plate 23 are correspondingly connected between the frame base plate 21 and the upper side beam plate 11 and the upper cross beam plate 22, serving as the vertical force bearing structure, and together with the top structure and the bottom structure, they form an internally hollow structure.

[0077] Compared to traditional box-type frames, the solution provided in this embodiment significantly reduces the number of uprights, thereby substantially reducing the bogie's weight and facilitating lightweight design. Furthermore, it reduces the number of welding processes, further minimizing problems caused by welding deformation.

[0078] During production, the frame base plate 21 is fixed to the assembly table, and the web plates, top plates, and other components are sequentially assembled onto the frame base plate 21. Compared with the crossbeams and side beams in the traditional solution, this embodiment does not have independent side beams or crossbeam structures. The frame can be manufactured using only one assembly table, which reduces the number of assembly tools and the process of transferring between different processes, greatly improving assembly efficiency and reducing production costs.

[0079] Based on the above technical solution, a horizontal beam upright plate 24 is also adopted, extending longitudinally. The horizontal beam upright plate 24 is located between the web plates 13 of the two side beams, with its bottom end connected to the frame bottom plate 21 and its two ends connected to the web plates 23 of the horizontal beams, respectively. The horizontal beam upright plate 24 is located in the middle region of the frame bottom plate 21, which can further enhance the load-bearing capacity and longitudinal force transmission in the middle region of the frame.

[0080] The frame base plate 21 has a first center hole 211 through which the traction center pin passes, and the upper crossbeam plate 22 has a second center hole 221, the position of which corresponds to the first center hole 211. The traction center pin passes through the second center hole 221 and the first center hole 211 sequentially from top to bottom. The side of the traction center pin has a longitudinal stop for transmitting longitudinal force between the frame base plate 21 and the upper crossbeam plate 22.

[0081] The number of the above-mentioned crossbeam uprights 24 is two, which are arranged on both sides of the first central hole 211, which can improve the reliability and stability of longitudinal force transmission.

[0082] Furthermore, multiple weight-reduction holes are made on the base plate 21 of the frame, and weight-reduction holes are also made on the crossbeam upright plate 24. The purpose is to further reduce the weight of the frame while ensuring that the load-bearing and transmission of force meet the requirements.

[0083] Based on the above technical solution, the middle part of the upper beam plate 11 is flat, the end of the upper beam plate 11 is bent upward, the middle part of the upper beam plate 11 is connected to the frame bottom plate 21 through the side beam web plate 13, and a preset distance is left between the side beam web plate 13 and both sides of the upper beam plate 11.

[0084] A swing arm positioning seat 3 is connected to the lower end of the upper side beam plate 11. The swing arm positioning seat 3 is also connected to the end of the side beam web plate 13. The swing arm positioning seat 3 is used to connect with the axle box swing arm. Specifically, the swing arm positioning seat 3 can be connected to the end of the side beam web plate 13.

[0085] Based on the above technical solution, the frame also includes: side beam uprights 15 and side beam flanges 14. The side beam uprights 15 extend longitudinally and are vertically connected to the upper end surface of the upper side beam 11, with a predetermined distance maintained between the side beam uprights 15 and the two sides of the upper side beam 11. The side beam flanges 14 are connected to the top of the side beam uprights 15. One end of the side beam flanges 14 is connected to the end of the upper side beam 11, and the other end is connected to the middle upper surface of the upper side beam 11.

[0086] The side beam flange 14, the side beam upright 15, and the upper side beam plate 11 are connected to form an I-shaped structure.

[0087] Furthermore, the frame also includes: side beam stiffening plates 16 and crossbeam stiffening plates 25. The side beam stiffening plates 16 are vertically connected to both sides of the side beam web 13, with their top ends connected to the middle of the upper side beam plate 11 and their bottom ends connected to the frame base plate 21. The crossbeam stiffening plates 25 are vertically connected to the inner side of the crossbeam web 23, with their top ends connected to the upper crossbeam plate 22 and their bottom ends connected to the frame base plate 21.

[0088] The side beam stiffening plate 16 strengthens the side beam web 13, increasing its strength. The cross beam stiffening plate 25 strengthens the cross beam web 23, increasing its strength.

[0089] Based on the above solution, this embodiment provides a method for manufacturing a bogie frame. Each structural plate is manufactured separately, and the frame base plate 21 is fixed to a workbench. The side beam web 13, crossbeam web 23, and crossbeam upright plate 24 are welded to the frame base plate 21 accordingly, as shown below. Figure 20 As shown, the side beam web 13 is pre-assembled with swing arm positioning seats 3 on both sides.

[0090] Then, side beam stiffening plates 16 are welded to both sides of the side beam web 13, and cross beam stiffening plates 25 are welded to the inside of the cross beam web 23, as follows. Figure 21 As shown. Then, the upper side beam plate 11 is welded to the side beam web plate 13 and the swing arm positioning seat 3, as follows. Figure 22 As shown. Next, the side beam upright plate 15 is welded to the upper surface of the end of the upper side beam plate 11, and then the side beam flange 14 is welded to the top of the side beam upright plate 15, with one end of the side beam flange 14 connected to the end of the upper side beam plate 11 and the other end connected to the middle of the upper side beam plate 11, as shown. Figure 23 As shown.

[0091] Next, the upper crossbeam plate 22 is welded to the top of the crossbeam web plate 23, and the ends of the upper crossbeam plate 22 are welded to the upper side beam plates 11 on both sides, as follows. Figure 24 As shown. Then, weld the corresponding damper mounting bases, stop seats, and other auxiliary connecting parts 26 onto the frame, such as... Figure 25 As shown.

[0092] The bogie mentioned above features a unified base plate, with the crossbeams and side beams mounted separately on the base plate. This significantly reduces the number of parts, thereby lowering the bogie's weight. Furthermore, all components of the frame can be installed on a single workbench, reducing storage, transportation, and labor costs associated with parts storage and transfer, thus improving production efficiency and reducing costs.

[0093] This integrated frame structure reduces the number of workstations required for frame welding, adopts single-station integration to reduce workflow, and allows for easy adjustment and deformation adjustment as needed during the welding process.

[0094] The crossbeams and side beams share the same frame base plate, which significantly reduces the number of weld joints, minimizes welding deformation, eliminates numerous straightening processes, and improves the overall dimensional accuracy of the frame, thereby increasing production efficiency. This structure allows for modular prefabrication of components using a building-block assembly method. Modules can be produced in parallel, resulting in a simpler production line layout, more efficient process coordination, and significant cost reduction during large-scale production. Furthermore, modular component replacement facilitates easier maintenance. The building-block welding method reduces the requirements for on-site welding operations, allowing for adjustments based on welding conditions, facilitating overall structural planning, and making welding quality control easier.

[0095] Based on the above technical solutions, this embodiment also provides a rail vehicle, including the bogie provided in any of the above contents, and having the same technical effects as the bogie described above.

Claims

1. A bogie, characterized in that, include: Side beams; side beams include: upper side beam plate, side beam flange plate, and side beam upright plate; The side beam upright plate is vertically connected to the upper surface of the end of the upper side beam plate, and there is a preset distance between the two sides of the side beam upright plate and the upper side beam plate; the side beam wing plate is vertically connected to the top of the side beam upright plate, one end of the side beam wing plate is connected to the end of the upper side beam plate, and the other end is connected to the middle of the upper side beam plate. External mounting bracket, located on the outer side of the side beam upright plate; An internal mounting base is located on the inner side of the side beam upright plate; The brake hanger is located inside the side beam; the brake hanger, inner mounting base, side beam upright plate and outer mounting base are connected in sequence by fasteners.

2. The bogie according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surface of the inner mounting base opposite to the side beam upright plate is recessed inward to form a positioning groove; The surface of the brake hanger facing the inner mounting base is provided with a positioning protrusion, which is embedded in the positioning groove and can move within the positioning groove.

3. The bogie according to claim 2, characterized in that, The positioning groove extends in a direction parallel to the side beam flange, and both ends of the positioning groove pass through both sides of the inner mounting base.

4. The bogie according to claim 2, characterized in that, There are two internal mounting seats, which are spaced apart along the extension direction of the side beam flange; According to claim 1, the bogie is characterized in that the back of the inner mounting seat is welded to the side beam upright plate, the top is welded to the side beam flange plate, and the bottom is welded and fixed to the upper side beam plate.

5. The bogie according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inner mounting plate has two connection holes, located on both sides of the positioning groove; The outer mounting plate is provided with corresponding connection holes to connect to the inner mounting plate via fasteners.

6. The bogie according to claim 1, characterized in that, Brake hanger includes: Side beam connector; one side surface of the side beam connector is used to fit against the surface of the inner mounting base and connect to the inner mounting base; The main body of the hanger is located on the other side surface of the side beam connecting seat; the main body of the hanger extends in a direction perpendicular to the side beam upright plate; Lifting section; two lifting sections are spaced apart on the main body of the lifting base and are used to connect the brake calipers.

7. The bogie according to claim 6, characterized in that, The braking device also includes: The equipment connection part is located in the middle of the main body of the hanging base; the equipment connection part is a plate-shaped structure with connection holes for installing the tread cleaner.

8. The bogie according to claim 1, characterized in that, The side beams also include: The lower beam is located below the middle of the upper beam. The side beam web is vertically connected between the middle of the upper side beam and the lower side beam; a preset distance is left between the side beam web and the two sides of the upper side beam.

9. The bogie according to claim 8, characterized in that, The angle between the middle of the side beam flange and the upper side beam is an obtuse angle.

10. A rail vehicle, characterized in that, include: The bogie as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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